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Leuci R, Brunetti L, Tufarelli V, Cerini M, Paparella M, Puvača N, Piemontese L. Role of copper chelating agents: between old applications and new perspectives in neuroscience. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:751-762. [PMID: 38886940 PMCID: PMC11433910 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of copper element has been an increasingly relevant topic in recent years in the fields of human and animal health, for both the study of new drugs and innovative food and feed supplements. This metal plays an important role in the central nervous system, where it is associated with glutamatergic signaling, and it is widely involved in inflammatory processes. Thus, diseases involving copper (II) dyshomeostasis often have neurological symptoms, as exemplified by Alzheimer's and other diseases (such as Parkinson's and Wilson's diseases). Moreover, imbalanced copper ion concentrations have also been associated with diabetes and certain types of cancer, including glioma. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive overview of recent results that show the importance of these metal ions in several pathologies, mainly Alzheimer's disease, through the lens of the development and use of copper chelators as research compounds and potential therapeutics if included in multi-target hybrid drugs. Seeing how copper homeostasis is important for the well-being of animals as well as humans, we shortly describe the state of the art regarding the effects of copper and its chelators in agriculture, livestock rearing, and aquaculture, as ingredients for the formulation of feed supplements as well as to prevent the effects of pollution on animal productions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Leuci
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Brunetti
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area (DiMePRe-J), Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Cerini
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Paparella
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Nikola Puvača
- Department of Engineering Management in Biotechnology, Faculty of Economics and Engineering Management in Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Luca Piemontese
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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Kirss S, Reinapu A, Kabin E, Smirnova J, Tõugu V, Palumaa P. α-Lipoic acid: a potential regulator of copper metabolism in Alzheimer's disease. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1451536. [PMID: 39290994 PMCID: PMC11405343 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1451536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by classic hallmarks such as amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, however, intensive research has broadened its scope to explore additional underlying mechanisms. Notably, disruptions in metal homeostasis, particularly involving copper, have gained significant attention. In AD pathology, an imbalance is evident: there is an excess of extracellular copper alongside a deficiency in intracellular copper in brain tissue. Our previous work demonstrated that α-lipoic acid (LA) can effectively shift copper from the extracellular space to the intracellular environment in a neuronal cell model. However, the precise mechanism of action and role of LA in copper metabolism remained elusive. In this study, we compared the cellular effects of LA with those of different synthetic copper-binding ligands: diethyldithiocarbamate (DETC), clioquinol (CQ), D-penicillamine (D-PA) and elesclomol (ES). Using differentiated SH-SY5Y cell culture as a neuronal model, we found that, unlike other synthetic compounds, natural ligand LA is not toxic in the presence of extracellular copper, even at high doses. LA gradually increased intracellular copper levels over 24 h. In contrast, DETC, CQ, and ES acted as fast copper ionophores, potentially explaining their higher toxicity compared to LA. D-PA did not facilitate copper uptake into cells. We demonstrated that a slow increase of LA inside the cells is enhanced in the presence of copper. Furthermore, the ability of LA to modulate the equilibrium of extra- and intracellular copper was evident when we added copper isotope 65Cu. The ratio of copper isotopes changed rapidly, reflecting the impact of LA on the equilibrium of copper distribution without affecting the copper transport network. Our results provide compelling evidence that α-lipoic acid holds promise as a non-toxic agent capable of normalizing copper metabolism in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrid Kirss
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Anette Reinapu
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Ekaterina Kabin
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Julia Smirnova
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Vello Tõugu
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Peep Palumaa
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
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Imai T, Mitsuhashi S, Isahaya K, Shibata S, Kawai Y, Omae Y, Tokunaga K, Yamano Y. Wilson disease (novel ATP7B variants) with concomitant FLNC-related cardiomyopathy. Hum Genome Var 2024; 11:34. [PMID: 39209822 PMCID: PMC11362149 DOI: 10.1038/s41439-024-00283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
We report a case of Wilson disease (WD) with dilated cardiomyopathy in which whole-genome sequencing (WGS) revealed the rare co-occurrence of two novel compound heterozygous ATP7B pathogenic variants (NM_001005918.3:c.2250del/p.N751Tfs*9 and c.3496C>T/p.L1166F) and a known FLNC pathogenic variant. Our results highlight the usefulness of WGS, even in the diagnosis of well-characterized genetic diseases such as WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Imai
- Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Satomi Mitsuhashi
- Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Isahaya
- Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Soichiro Shibata
- Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kawai
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Omae
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsushi Tokunaga
- Genome Medical Science Project, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Yamano
- Department of Neurology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
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Arshad M, Williams L, Ajayan A, Joseph A. 2-hydroxy-1- Naphthaldehyde Based Colorimetric Probe for the Simultaneous Detection of Bivalent Copper and Nickel with High Sensitivity and Selectivity. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03895-3. [PMID: 39155355 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03895-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
A neoteric colorimetric probe based on 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde (PMB3) was designed and synthesized for the real-time as well as on-site naked-eye detection of Cu2+/Ni2+ ions. Various physicochemical methods were employed to characterize the probe, and its colorimetric response to different metal ions was meticulously investigated. The probe, PMB3, exhibited a sensitive colorimetric response to Cu2+/Ni2+ ions among other competing metal ions, culminating in a prominent colour change from colourless to yellow. The stoichiometry of the ligand metal complexes was ascertained to be in a 1:1 ratio using Job's plot analysis, which was further corroborated by ESI-MS data. With detection limits of 4.56 µM for Cu2+ and 2.68 µM for Ni2+, the method was effectively extended to real sample analysis, ensuring propitious results that closely aligned with the actual values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Arshad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calicut, Calicut University, P O-673 635, Malappuram, Kerala, India
| | - Linda Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calicut, Calicut University, P O-673 635, Malappuram, Kerala, India
| | - Athira Ajayan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calicut, Calicut University, P O-673 635, Malappuram, Kerala, India
| | - Abraham Joseph
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calicut, Calicut University, P O-673 635, Malappuram, Kerala, India.
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Bhandari R, Rai R, Kaleem M, Pratap R, Shraogi N, Patnaik S, Bhattacharya S, Misra A. Boron-Salphen Conjugate based Molecular Probe Exhibiting Fluorescence On-Off-On Response in Detection of Cu 2+ and ATP through Displacement Approach. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400398. [PMID: 38775649 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Synthesis and photophysical properties of a fluorescent probe HBD is described. Probe upon interaction with metal ions, anions and nucleoside pyrophosphates (NPPs) showed fluorescence quenching with Cu2+ due to chelation enhanced quenching effect (CHEQ). Moreover, interaction of ensemble HBD.Cu2+ with anions and NPPs showed fluorescence "turn-On" response with ATP selectively. "On-Off-On" responses observed with Cu2+ and ATP is attributed to an interplay between ESIPT and TICT processes. Cyclic voltammogram of probe exhibited quasi-reversible redox behaviour with three oxidation and two reduction potentials and the change in band gaps of probe suggested the interaction with Cu2+ and ATP. The 2 : 1 and 1 : 1 binding stoichiometry for an interaction between probe and Cu2+ (LOD, 62 nM) and ensemble, HBD.Cu2+ with ATP (LOD, 0.4 μM) respectively are realised by Job's plot and HRMS data. Cell imaging studies carried out to detect Cu2+ and ATP in HeLa cells. Also, the output emission observed with Cu2+ and ATP is utilized to construct an implication (IMP) logic gate. Test paper strips showed naked-eye visible color responses to detect Cu2+ and ATP. In real water samples probe successfully detected copper (0.03 μM) between 5-6.5 ppb level (ICP-MS method).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimpi Bhandari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Ravisen Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Mohammed Kaleem
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Rajesh Pratap
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Nikita Shraogi
- Nano Laboratory, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, FEST Division, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, UP, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Satyakam Patnaik
- Nano Laboratory, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, FEST Division, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, UP, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Subrato Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Arvind Misra
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
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Lin S, Cai J, Huang Y, Chen H, Yu M, Zhang D, Huang Z. Macrothrombocytopenia with leukocyte inclusions in a patient with Wilson disease: a case report and literature review. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:188. [PMID: 39020387 PMCID: PMC11253478 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01960-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in ATP7B. Clinical manifestations primarily involve liver and nervous system lesions, with rarely observed hematologic manifestations. CASE PRESENTATION In the present case, a patient with WD presented with thrombocytopenia, giant platelets, and Döhle-like cytoplasmic inclusions in the leukocytes. Initially, the May-Hegglin anomaly was considered; however, whole-exome sequencing did not reveal any mutation in the MYH9 gene but a heterozygous mutation was found in (C.2804 C > T, p.T935M) in the ATP7B gene. After two years, the patient developed tremors in his hands, lower limb stiffness, and foreign body sensation in the eyes. Additionally, Kayser-Fleischer rings in the corneal limbus were detected by slit-lamp examination. Copper metabolism test indicated a slight decrease in serum ceruloplasmin. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the inclusion bodies of leukocytes were swollen mitochondria. Mass spectrometry analysis showed that the copper levels were almost 20-fold higher in the leukocytes of the patient than in those of the control group. Based on the Leipzig scoring system, a diagnosis of WD was confirmed. Zinc sulfate treatment ameliorated the patient's symptoms and enhanced platelet, serum ceruloplasmin, and albumin levels. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this case represents the first documented instance of WD presenting as thrombocytopenia, giant platelets, and Döhle-like cytoplasmic inclusions in the leukocytes. Excessive cellular copper accumulation likely underlies these findings; however, understanding precise mechanisms warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoze Lin
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jianling Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yuxuan Huang
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Hongxing Chen
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Meidie Yu
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Dongqing Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 57 Changping Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, P.R. China.
| | - Zhanqin Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, P.R. China.
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Gale J, Aizenman E. The physiological and pathophysiological roles of copper in the nervous system. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 60:3505-3543. [PMID: 38747014 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Copper is a critical trace element in biological systems due the vast number of essential enzymes that require the metal as a cofactor, including cytochrome c oxidase, superoxide dismutase and dopamine-β-hydroxylase. Due its key role in oxidative metabolism, antioxidant defence and neurotransmitter synthesis, copper is particularly important for neuronal development and proper neuronal function. Moreover, increasing evidence suggests that copper also serves important functions in synaptic and network activity, the regulation of circadian rhythms, and arousal. However, it is important to note that because of copper's ability to redox cycle and generate reactive species, cellular levels of the metal must be tightly regulated to meet cellular needs while avoiding copper-induced oxidative stress. Therefore, it is essential that the intricate system of copper transporters, exporters, copper chaperones and copper trafficking proteins function properly and in coordinate fashion. Indeed, disorders of copper metabolism such as Menkes disease and Wilson disease, as well as diseases linked to dysfunction of copper-requiring enzymes, such as SOD1-linked amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, demonstrate the dramatic neurological consequences of altered copper homeostasis. In this review, we explore the physiological importance of copper in the nervous system as well as pathologies related to improper copper handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Gale
- Department of Neurobiology and Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elias Aizenman
- Department of Neurobiology and Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Fortino M, Arnesano F, Pietropaolo A. Unraveling Copper Exchange in the Atox1-Cu(I)-Mnk1 Heterodimer: A Simulation Approach. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:5336-5343. [PMID: 38780400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Copper, an essential metal for various cellular processes, requires tight regulation to prevent cytotoxicity. Intracellular pathways crucial for maintaining optimal copper levels involve soluble and membrane transporters, namely, metallochaperones and P-type ATPases, respectively. In this study, we used a simulation workflow based on free-energy perturbation (FEP) theory and parallel bias metadynamics (PBMetaD) to predict the Cu(I) exchange mechanism between the human Cu(I) chaperone, Atox1, and one of its two physiological partners, ATP7A. ATP7A, also known as the Menkes disease protein, is a transmembrane protein and one of the main copper-transporting ATPases. It pumps copper into the trans-Golgi network for the maturation of cuproenzymes and is also essential for the efflux of excess copper across the plasma membrane. In this analysis, we utilized the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structure of the Cu(I)-mediated complex between Atox1 and the first soluble domain of the Menkes protein (Mnk1) as a starting point. Independent free-energy simulations were conducted to investigate the dissociation of both Atox1 and Mnk1. The calculations revealed that the two dissociations require free energy values of 6.3 and 6.2 kcal/mol, respectively, following a stepwise dissociation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariagrazia Fortino
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fabio Arnesano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Adriana Pietropaolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Deguti MM, Araujo FC, Terrabuio DRB, Araujo TF, Barbosa ER, Porta G, Cançado ELR. Wilson disease: the diagnostic challenge and treatment outcomes in a series of 262 cases. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2024; 82:1-9. [PMID: 38811021 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder that leads to organ toxicity due to copper overload. Early diagnosis is complicated by the rarity and diversity of manifestations. OBJECTIVE To describe the diagnostic features and response to treatment in our cohort of WD patients. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of 262 WD patients stratified by clinical presentation, complementary exams, ATP7B genotyping, and response to treatment. RESULTS Symptoms occurred at an average age of 17.4 (7-49) years, and patients were followed up for an average of 9.6 (0-45) years. Patients presented mainly with hepatic (36.3%), neurologic (34.7%), and neuropsychiatric (8.3%) forms. Other presentations were hematologic, renal, or musculoskeletal, and 16.8% of the patients were asymptomatic. Kayser-Fleischer rings occurred in 78.3% of the patients, hypoceruloplasminemia in 98.3%, and elevated cupruria/24h in 73.0%, with an increase after D-penicillamine in 54.0%. Mutations of the ATP7B gene were detected in 84.4% of alleles. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed abnormalities in the basal ganglia in 77.7% of patients. D-penicillamine was the first choice in 93.6% of the 245 patients, and 21.1% of these patients were switched due to adverse effects. The second-line therapies were zinc and trientine. The therapeutic response did not differ significantly between the drugs (p = 0.2). Nine patients underwent liver transplantation and 82 died. CONCLUSION Wilson disease is diagnosed at a late stage, and therapeutic options are limited. In people under 40 years of age with compatible manifestations, WD could be considered earlier in the differential diagnosis. There is a need to include ATP7B genotyping and therapeutic alternatives in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Mitiko Deguti
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Laboratório de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Cordeiro Araujo
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Ferreira Araujo
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Laboratório de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Egberto Reis Barbosa
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Gilda Porta
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Pediatria, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Luiz Rachid Cançado
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Laboratório de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, São Paulo SP, Brazil
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Zhang JY, Yu XJ, Li JJ, Xiao Y, Li GS, Yang F, Dong L. Cuproptosis mediates copper-induced testicular spermatogenic cell death. Asian J Androl 2024; 26:295-301. [PMID: 38284772 PMCID: PMC11156449 DOI: 10.4103/aja202383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cuproptosis, a novel mechanism of programmed cell death, has not been fully explored in the context of spermatogenic cells. This study investigated the potential involvement of cuproptosis in spermatogenic cell death using a mouse model of copper overload. Sixty male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were randomly divided into four groups that received daily oral gavage with sodium chloride (control) or copper sulfate (CuSO 4 ) at 50 mg kg -1 , 100 mg kg -1 , or 200 mg kg -1 , for 42 consecutive days. Mice subjected to copper overload exhibited a disruption in copper homeostasis. Additionally, significant upregulated expression of key cuproptosis factors was accompanied by a significant rise in the rates of testicular tissue cell apoptosis. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the presence of ferredoxin 1 (Fdx1) in Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and spermatogenic cells at various stages of testicular development, and the Fdx1-positive staining area was significantly increased in copper-overloaded mice. Mitochondrial dysfunction and decreased adenosine triphosphate levels were also observed, further implicating mitochondrial damage under cuproptosis. Further analyses revealed pathological lesions and blood-testis barrier destruction in the testicular tissue, accompanied by decreased sperm concentration and motility, in copper-overloaded mice. In summary, our results indicate that copper-overloaded mice exhibit copper homeostasis disorder in the testicular tissue and that cuproptosis participates in spermatogenic cell death. These findings provide novel insights into the pathogenic mechanisms underlying spermatogenic cell death and provide initial experimental evidence for the occurrence of cuproptosis in the testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xu-Jun Yu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jun-Jun Li
- Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Guang-Sen Li
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Surgery, The Reproductive and Women-Children Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Surgery, The Reproductive and Women-Children Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610041, China
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Teschke R, Eickhoff A. Wilson Disease: Copper-Mediated Cuproptosis, Iron-Related Ferroptosis, and Clinical Highlights, with Comprehensive and Critical Analysis Update. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4753. [PMID: 38731973 PMCID: PMC11084815 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Wilson disease is a genetic disorder of the liver characterized by excess accumulation of copper, which is found ubiquitously on earth and normally enters the human body in small amounts via the food chain. Many interesting disease details were published on the mechanistic steps, such as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cuproptosis causing a copper dependent cell death. In the liver of patients with Wilson disease, also, increased iron deposits were found that may lead to iron-related ferroptosis responsible for phospholipid peroxidation within membranes of subcellular organelles. All topics are covered in this review article, in addition to the diagnostic and therapeutic issues of Wilson disease. Excess Cu2+ primarily leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as evidenced by early experimental studies exemplified with the detection of hydroxyl radical formation using the electron spin resonance (ESR) spin-trapping method. The generation of ROS products follows the principles of the Haber-Weiss reaction and the subsequent Fenton reaction leading to copper-related cuproptosis, and is thereby closely connected with ROS. Copper accumulation in the liver is due to impaired biliary excretion of copper caused by the inheritable malfunctioning or missing ATP7B protein. As a result, disturbed cellular homeostasis of copper prevails within the liver. Released from the liver cells due to limited storage capacity, the toxic copper enters the circulation and arrives at other organs, causing local accumulation and cell injury. This explains why copper injures not only the liver, but also the brain, kidneys, eyes, heart, muscles, and bones, explaining the multifaceted clinical features of Wilson disease. Among these are depression, psychosis, dysarthria, ataxia, writing problems, dysphagia, renal tubular dysfunction, Kayser-Fleischer corneal rings, cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrhythmias, rhabdomyolysis, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, arthritis, and arthralgia. In addition, Coombs-negative hemolytic anemia is a key feature of Wilson disease with undetectable serum haptoglobin. The modified Leipzig Scoring System helps diagnose Wilson disease. Patients with Wilson disease are well-treated first-line with copper chelators like D-penicillamine that facilitate the removal of circulating copper bound to albumin and increase in urinary copper excretion. Early chelation therapy improves prognosis. Liver transplantation is an option viewed as ultima ratio in end-stage liver disease with untreatable complications or acute liver failure. Liver transplantation finally may thus be a life-saving approach and curative treatment of the disease by replacing the hepatic gene mutation. In conclusion, Wilson disease is a multifaceted genetic disease representing a molecular and clinical challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Teschke
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Klinikum Hanau, D-63450 Hanau, Germany;
- Academic Teaching Hospital of the Medical Faculty, Goethe University Frankfurt, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Axel Eickhoff
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Klinikum Hanau, D-63450 Hanau, Germany;
- Academic Teaching Hospital of the Medical Faculty, Goethe University Frankfurt, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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12
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Kanitkar S, Borle A, Ahlawat M, Ande SP, Raut S. An Unusual Presentation of Wilson's Disease. Cureus 2024; 16:e58407. [PMID: 38756326 PMCID: PMC11098445 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Wilson's disease affects the metabolism of copper and is a rare hereditary disorder that is inherited autosomally recessively. The liver and brain are the main organs affected by this disorder, which causes progressive hepatolenticular degeneration. A 15-year-old male patient arrived at the outpatient department (OPD) with mild abdominal pain on the right side, and both eyes showed Kayser-Fleischer (KF) rings. An abdominal ultrasound showed that the spleen was enlarged. Copper levels in urine were found to be higher. After a liver biopsy, cirrhosis, and mild chronic active hepatitis were found. The majority of hematological indicators were normal; however, a peripheral blood smear revealed mild thrombocytopenia. Wilson's disease is uncommon, so diagnosing it requires a high degree of suspicion. In circumstances of inexplicable liver cirrhosis or isolated neurological symptoms, it could go unnoticed. The only primary complaint in the case being presented was abdominal pain. However, the age upon presentation, the existence of KF rings in both eyes, and other tests helped us get the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangi Kanitkar
- Internal Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND
| | - Akshata Borle
- Internal Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND
| | - Muskaan Ahlawat
- Internal Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND
| | - Sai Priya Ande
- Internal Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND
| | - Sandesh Raut
- Internal Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, IND
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13
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Wang C, Wang R, Zhao L, Wang S, Liu Y, Zhao J, Dong Y, Liu L, Wei P, Wu ZY, Yi T. Constructing "smart" chelators by using an activatable prochelator strategy for the treatment of Wilson's disease. Redox Biol 2024; 70:103076. [PMID: 38340635 PMCID: PMC10869257 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Wilson's disease (WD) is a genetic disorder that primarily leads to the pathological accumulation of copper (Cu) in the liver, causing an abnormal increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). The prevailing clinical therapy for WD involves lifelong use of Cu chelation drugs to facilitate Cu excretion in patients. However, most available drugs exert severely side-effects due to their non-specific excretion of Cu, unsuitable for long-term use. In this study, we construct a prochelator that enables precise and controlled delivery of Cu chelator drugs to the liver in WD model, circumventing toxic side effects on other organs and normal tissues. This innovative prochelator rapidly releases the chelator and the fluorescent molecule methylene blue (MB) upon activation by ROS highly expressed in the liver of WD. The released chelator coordinates with Cu, efficiently aiding in Cu removal from the body and effectively inhibiting the pathological progression of WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Roumin Wang
- Department of Neurology and Department of Medical Genetics in Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Lingzhou Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jinhua Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Neurology and Department of Medical Genetics in Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Lingyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Peng Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Zhi-Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology and Department of Medical Genetics in Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - Tao Yi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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14
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Maiti BK, Moura I, Moura JJG. Molybdenum-Copper Antagonism In Metalloenzymes And Anti-Copper Therapy. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300679. [PMID: 38205937 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The connection between 3d (Cu) and 4d (Mo) via the "Mo-S-Cu" unit is called Mo-Cu antagonism. Biology offers case studies of such interactions in metalloproteins such as Mo/Cu-CO Dehydrogenases (Mo/Cu-CODH), and Mo/Cu Orange Protein (Mo/Cu-ORP). The CODH significantly maintains the CO level in the atmosphere below the toxic level by converting it to non-toxic CO2 for respiring organisms. Several models were synthesized to understand the structure-function relationship of these native enzymes. However, this interaction was first observed in ruminants, and they convert molybdate (MoO4 2- ) into tetrathiomolybdate (MoS4 2- ; TTM), reacting with cellular Cu to yield biological unavailable Mo/S/Cu cluster, then developing Cu-deficiency diseases. These findings inspire the use of TTM as a Cu-sequester drug, especially for treating Cu-dependent human diseases such as Wilson diseases (WD) and cancer. It is well known that a balanced Cu homeostasis is essential for a wide range of biological processes, but negative consequence leads to cell toxicity. Therefore, this review aims to connect the Mo-Cu antagonism in metalloproteins and anti-copper therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplab K Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, School of sciences, Cluster University of Jammu, Canal Road, Jammu, 180001, India
| | - Isabel Moura
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus, de Caparica, Portugal
| | - José J G Moura
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus, de Caparica, Portugal
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15
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Mazi TA, Shibata NM, Sarode GV, Medici V. Hepatic oxylipin profiles in mouse models of Wilson disease: New insights into early hepatic manifestations. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159446. [PMID: 38072238 PMCID: PMC11224028 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic inflammation is commonly identified in Wilson disease (WD), a genetic disease of hepatic and brain copper accumulation. Copper accumulation is associated with increased oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species generation which may result in non-enzymatic oxidation of membrane-bound polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). PUFA can be oxidized enzymatically via lipoxygenases (LOX), cyclooxygenases (COX), and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP). Products of PUFA oxidation are collectively known as oxylipins (OXL) and are bioactive lipids that modulate hepatic inflammation. We examined hepatic OXL profiles at early stages of WD in two mouse models, the toxic milk mouse from The Jackson Laboratory (tx-j) and the Atp7b knockout on a C57Bl/6 background (Atp7b-/-B6). Targeted lipidomic analysis performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry showed that in both tx-j and Atp7b-/-B6 mice, hepatic OXL profiles were altered with higher thromboxane and prostaglandins levels. The levels of oxidative stress marker, 9-HETE were increased more markedly in tx-j mice. However, both genotypes showed upregulated transcript levels of many genes related to oxidative stress and inflammation. Both genotypes showed higher prostaglandins, thromboxin along with higher PUFA-derived alcohols, diols, and ketones with altered epoxides; the expression of Alox5 was upregulated and many CYP-related genes were dysregulated. Pathway analyses show dysregulation in arachidonic acid and linoleic acid metabolism characterizes mice with WD. Our findings indicate alterations in hepatic PUFA metabolism in early-stage WD and suggest the upregulation of both, non-enzymatic ROS-dependent and enzymatic PUFA oxidation, which could have implications for hepatic manifestations in WD and represent potential targets for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tagreed A Mazi
- Department of Community Health Sciences-Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Noreene M Shibata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Gaurav V Sarode
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Valentina Medici
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, 4150 V Street, Suite 3500, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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16
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Walker E, Hayes W, Bockenhauer D. Inherited non-FGF23-mediated phosphaturic disorders: A kidney-centric review. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 38:101843. [PMID: 38042745 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2023.101843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate is freely filtered by the glomerulus and reabsorbed exclusively in the proximal tubule by two key transporters, NaPiIIA and NaPiIIC, encoded by SLC34A1 and SLC34A3, respectively. Regulation of these transporters occurs primarily through the hormone FGF23 and, to a lesser degree, PTH. Consequently, inherited non-FGF23 mediated phosphaturic disorders are due to generalised proximal tubular dysfunction, loss-of-function variants in SLC34A1 or SLC34A3 or excess PTH signalling. The corresponding disorders are Renal Fanconi Syndrome, Infantile Hypercalcaemia type 2, Hereditary Hypophosphataemic Rickets with Hypercalciuria and Familial Hyperparathyroidism. Several inherited forms of Fanconi renotubular syndrome (FRTS) have also been described with the underlying genes encoding for GATM, EHHADH, HNF4A and NDUFAF6. Here, we will review their pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and the implications for treatment from a kidney-centric perspective, focussing on those disorders caused by dysfunction of renal phosphate transporters. Moreover, we will highlight specific genetic aspects, as the availability of large population genetic databases has raised doubts about some of the originally proposed gene-disease associations concerning phosphate transporters or their associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Walker
- Nephrology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Wesley Hayes
- Nephrology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Detlef Bockenhauer
- Nephrology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
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17
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Ovchinnikova EV, Garbuz MM, Ovchinnikova AA, Kumeiko VV. Epidemiology of Wilson's Disease and Pathogenic Variants of the ATP7B Gene Leading to Diversified Protein Disfunctions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2402. [PMID: 38397079 PMCID: PMC10889319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Wilson's disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by toxic accumulation of copper in the liver, brain, and other organs. The disease is caused by pathogenic variants in the ATP7B gene, which encodes a P-type copper transport ATPase. Diagnosing WD is associated with numerous difficulties due to the wide range of clinical manifestations and its unknown dependence on the physiological characteristics of the patient. This leads to a delay in the start of therapy and the subsequent deterioration of the patient's condition. However, in recent years, molecular genetic testing of patients using next generation sequencing (NGS) has been gaining popularity. This immediately affected the detection speed of WD. If, previously, the frequency of this disease was estimated at 1:35,000-45,000 people, now, when conducting large molecular genetic studies, the frequency is calculated as 1:7026 people. This certainly points to the problem of identifying WD patients. This review provides an update on the performance of epidemiological studies of WD and describes normal physiological functions of the protein and diversified disfunctions depending on pathogenic variants of the ATP7B gene. Future prospects in the development of WD genetic diagnostics are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Vasilievna Ovchinnikova
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia (M.M.G.)
| | - Mikhail Maksimovich Garbuz
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia (M.M.G.)
| | - Anna Aleksandrovna Ovchinnikova
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia (M.M.G.)
| | - Vadim Vladimirovich Kumeiko
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690922, Russia (M.M.G.)
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal University, Vladivostok 690041, Russia
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18
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Delle Cave V, Di Dato F, Iorio R. Wilson's Disease with Acute Hepatic Onset: How to Diagnose and Treat It. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:68. [PMID: 38255382 PMCID: PMC10814100 DOI: 10.3390/children11010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Wilson's disease (WD) with acute onset poses a diagnostic challenge because it is clinically indistinguishable from other acute liver diseases. In addition, serum ceruloplasmin and urinary copper excretion, the first-line diagnostic tools for WD, can show false positive results in the case of acute liver failure, and the diagnostic role of genetic analysis is limited by the time required to perform it. In the case of fulminant onset, there is a clear indication of liver transplantation. "New Wilson Index" is frequently used to discriminate between patients who need liver transplantation versus those who can be successfully managed by medical treatment, but its reliability remains controversial. Timely referral of patients with acute liver failure due to WD may be a key factor in improving patient survival. Although liver transplant very often represents the only chance for such patients, maximum effort should be made to promote survival with a native liver. The management of these aspects of WD is still a matter of debate and will be the subject of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raffaele Iorio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.C.); (F.D.D.)
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19
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Fang C, Peng Z, Sang Y, Ren Z, Ding H, Yuan H, Hu K. Copper in Cancer: from transition metal to potential target. Hum Cell 2024; 37:85-100. [PMID: 37751026 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00985-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, with the continuous in-depth exploration of the molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis, numerous potential new targets for cancer treatment have been identified, some of which have been further developed in clinical practice and have produced positive outcomes. Notably, researchers' initial motivation for studying copper metabolism in cancer stems from the fact that copper is a necessary trace element for organisms and is closely connected to body growth and metabolism. Moreover, over the past few decades, considerable progress has been made in understanding the molecular processes and correlations between copper and cancer. Certain achievements have been made in the development and use of relevant clinical medications. The concept of "cuproptosis," a novel concept that differs from previous forms of cell death, was first proposed by a group of scientists last year, offering fresh perspectives on the targeting capabilities of copper in the treatment of cancer. In this review, we introduced the fundamental physiological functions of copper, the key components of copper metabolism, and a summary of the current research contributions on the connection between copper and cancer. In addition, the development of new copper-based nanomaterials and their associated mechanisms of action are discussed. Finally, we described how the susceptibility of cancer cells to this metallic nutrition could be leveraged to further improve the existing cancer treatment paradigm in the new setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Fang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, NO. 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Peng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, NO. 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaru Sang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Zihao Ren
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, NO. 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiming Ding
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, NO. 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, NO. 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Kongwang Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China.
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, NO. 218 Jixi Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Catalano F, O’Brien TJ, Mekhova AA, Sepe LV, Elia M, De Cegli R, Gallotta I, Santonicola P, Zampi G, Ilyechova EY, Romanov AA, Samuseva PD, Salzano J, Petruzzelli R, Polishchuk EV, Indrieri A, Kim BE, Brown AEX, Puchkova LV, Di Schiavi E, Polishchuk RS. A new Caenorhabditis elegans model to study copper toxicity in Wilson disease. Traffic 2024; 25:e12920. [PMID: 37886910 PMCID: PMC10841361 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD) is caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene that encodes a copper (Cu) transporting ATPase whose trafficking from the Golgi to endo-lysosomal compartments drives sequestration of excess Cu and its further excretion from hepatocytes into the bile. Loss of ATP7B function leads to toxic Cu overload in the liver and subsequently in the brain, causing fatal hepatic and neurological abnormalities. The limitations of existing WD therapies call for the development of new therapeutic approaches, which require an amenable animal model system for screening and validation of drugs and molecular targets. To achieve this objective, we generated a mutant Caenorhabditis elegans strain with a substitution of a conserved histidine (H828Q) in the ATP7B ortholog cua-1 corresponding to the most common ATP7B variant (H1069Q) that causes WD. cua-1 mutant animals exhibited very poor resistance to Cu compared to the wild-type strain. This manifested in a strong delay in larval development, a shorter lifespan, impaired motility, oxidative stress pathway activation, and mitochondrial damage. In addition, morphological analysis revealed several neuronal abnormalities in cua-1 mutant animals exposed to Cu. Further investigation suggested that mutant CUA-1 is retained and degraded in the endoplasmic reticulum, similarly to human ATP7B-H1069Q. As a consequence, the mutant protein does not allow animals to counteract Cu toxicity. Notably, pharmacological correctors of ATP7B-H1069Q reduced Cu toxicity in cua-1 mutants indicating that similar pathogenic molecular pathways might be activated by the H/Q substitution and, therefore, targeted for rescue of ATP7B/CUA-1 function. Taken together, our findings suggest that the newly generated cua-1 mutant strain represents an excellent model for Cu toxicity studies in WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Catalano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Thomas J O’Brien
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksandra A Mekhova
- Research center of advanced functional materials and laser communication systems, ADTS Institute, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - Rossella De Cegli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Ivan Gallotta
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati-Traverso (IGB-ABT), National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Pamela Santonicola
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Zampi
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Ekaterina Y Ilyechova
- Research center of advanced functional materials and laser communication systems, ADTS Institute, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Aleksei A Romanov
- Department of applied mathematics, Institute of applied mathematics and mechanics, Peter the Great Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Polina D Samuseva
- Research center of advanced functional materials and laser communication systems, ADTS Institute, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Josephine Salzano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Raffaella Petruzzelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM, School of Advanced Studies), Genomics and Experimental Medicine program, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena V. Polishchuk
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessia Indrieri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Byung-Eun Kim
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - André EX Brown
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ludmila V Puchkova
- Research center of advanced functional materials and laser communication systems, ADTS Institute, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elia Di Schiavi
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati-Traverso (IGB-ABT), National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Roman S. Polishchuk
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
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21
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Dooley JS. The history of Wilson disease. Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken) 2024; 23:e0238. [PMID: 38974753 PMCID: PMC11227348 DOI: 10.1097/cld.0000000000000238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
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22
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Orenstein N, Glassberg YM, Shkalim-Zemer V, Basel-Salmon L, Averbuch NS, Lagovsky I, Mark AG, Amir AZ, Bazak L, Cooper S, Goldberg Y. Severe early-onset Wilson disease caused by a common pathogenic variant in the Bukharan Jewish population in Israel. Gene 2023; 887:147728. [PMID: 37634880 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wilson disease is caused by pathogenic variants in the ATP7B gene which encodes a copper-transporting ATPase. AIMS Describe a common founder pathogenic variant among Bukharan Jews and to assess its prevalence, clinical features, and outcome. METHODS The cohort consisted of patients of Bukharan Jewish descent diagnosed with Wilson disease at a tertiary pediatric medical center in 2013-2018. Clinical and genetic data were collected and analyzed. RESULTS Six patients from 4 unrelated families who were homozygous for the c.3784G > T p.(Val1262Phe) pathogenic variant in ATP7B were identified. Five presented with elevated aminotransferase levels, and one, with acute liver failure. Mean age at diagnosis was 8.7 years (5-12.5). Serum ceruloplasmin level was extremely low in all patients (1.9-7 mg/dL; mean 3.2(. The variant was identified in a heterozygous state in 5/153 Bukharan Jews; 2/33 from our local exome database and 3/120 healthy unrelated Bukharan Jews in another cohort, for an estimated carrier frequency of ∼1:30. CONCLUSIONS We report a common founder pathogenic variant in the ATP7B gene among Bukharan Jews associated with severe early-onset Wilson disease. Given the clinical severity, high frequency of the variant, and being a treatable disease, its inclusion in pre-symptomatic screening in the Bukharan Jewish community should be considered. Furthermore, WD should be part of future genetic newborn screening programs in Israel and worldwide, to enable early treatment and prevention of future life-threatening complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naama Orenstein
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Pediatric Genetics Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.
| | - Yael Mozer Glassberg
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Vered Shkalim-Zemer
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Clalit Health Services, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Lina Basel-Salmon
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Raphael Recanati Genetics Institute, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Noa Shefer Averbuch
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Pediatric Genetics Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Irina Lagovsky
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Anat Guz Mark
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Achiya Z Amir
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition Clinic, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lily Bazak
- Raphael Recanati Genetics Institute, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Shiri Cooper
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Yael Goldberg
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Raphael Recanati Genetics Institute, Rabin Medical Center - Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
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Zheng M, Zhou M, Xue S, Chen B, Wang P. Rational development of a peptide-based probe for fluorescence and colorimetric dual-mode detection of Cu 2+ and S 2- ions: Real application in cell imaging and test strips. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 302:123006. [PMID: 37369144 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
A new dual-mode probe FAM-SSH with fluorescence and colorimetric properties was developed by solid-phase peptide synthesis, comprising 5-carboxy fluorescein (5-FAM) as a fluorophore, and tripeptide (Ser-Ser-His) as a recognition group. FAM-SSH not only displayed highly selective detection of Cu2+ based on fluorescence quenching mode, but also achieved colorimetric recognition of Cu2+ in solution, wherein a color change was observable to the naked eye. Additionally, the FAM-SSH-Cu2+ ensemble was highly selective for S2- over a wide pH range (7.0-12.0), characterized by a fluorescence enhanced response and colorimetric recognition, which was caused by the release of FAM-SSH and the precipitation of CuS. Moreover, the limit of detection (LOD) values for Cu2+ and S2- were 55.5 nM and 31.1 nM, respectively. Results of sample analyses and cell imaging experiments indicated that FAM-SSH has exciting field practicability and good cell permeability, and would be further useful for detection and imaging in environmental systems and living cells. Finally, test strips were produced by immersing them in FAM-SSH solution, thereby creating a method for portable visual detection. More importantly, a smartphone-assisted visual sensing platform was also developed for semi-quantitative Cu2+ and S2- detection with LOD values of 0.48 μM and 1.22 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoyue Zheng
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Shida Road 1#, Nanchong 637009, PR China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Shida Road 1#, Nanchong 637009, PR China
| | - Shirui Xue
- School of Journalism and Communications, China West Normal University, Shida Road 1#, Nanchong 637009, PR China
| | - Bo Chen
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Shida Road 1#, Nanchong 637009, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Shida Road 1#, Nanchong 637009, PR China.
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El Nachef L, Al-Choboq J, Bourguignon M, Foray N. Response of Fibroblasts from Menkes' and Wilson's Copper Metabolism-Related Disorders to Ionizing Radiation: Influence of the Nucleo-Shuttling of the ATM Protein Kinase. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1746. [PMID: 38136617 PMCID: PMC10741441 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Menkes' disease (MD) and Wilson's disease (WD) are two major copper (Cu) metabolism-related disorders caused by mutations of the ATP7A and ATP7B ATPase gene, respectively. While Cu is involved in DNA strand breaks signaling and repair, the response of cells from both diseases to ionizing radiation, a common DNA strand breaks inducer, has not been investigated yet. To this aim, three MD and two WD skin fibroblasts lines were irradiated at two Gy X-rays and clonogenic cell survival, micronuclei, anti-γH2AX, -pATM, and -MRE11 immunofluorescence assays were applied to evaluate the DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) recognition and repair. MD and WD cells appeared moderately radiosensitive with a delay in the radiation-induced ATM nucleo-shuttling (RIANS) associated with impairments in the DSB recognition. Such delayed RIANS was notably caused in both MD and WD cells by a highly expressed ATP7B protein that forms complexes with ATM monomers in cytoplasm. Interestingly, a Cu pre-treatment of cells may influence the activity of the MRE11 nuclease and modulate the radiobiological phenotype. Lastly, some high-passage MD cells cultured in routine may transform spontaneously becoming immortalized. Altogether, our findings suggest that exposure to ionizing radiation may impact on clinical features of MD and WD, which requires cautiousness when affected patients are submitted to radiodiagnosis and, eventually, radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura El Nachef
- INSERM U1296 Unit “Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment”, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France; (L.E.N.); (J.A.-C.); (M.B.)
| | - Joëlle Al-Choboq
- INSERM U1296 Unit “Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment”, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France; (L.E.N.); (J.A.-C.); (M.B.)
| | - Michel Bourguignon
- INSERM U1296 Unit “Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment”, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France; (L.E.N.); (J.A.-C.); (M.B.)
- Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Université Paris Saclay Versailles St Quentin en Yvelines, 78035 Versailles, France
| | - Nicolas Foray
- INSERM U1296 Unit “Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment”, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France; (L.E.N.); (J.A.-C.); (M.B.)
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25
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Ghalibaf AM, Soflaei SS, Ferns GA, Saberi-Karimian M, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Association between dietary copper and cardiovascular disease: A narrative review. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 80:127255. [PMID: 37586165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Several studies have investigated the relationship between trace element status, including copper status, and CVDs in population studies; however, there are controversies about the role of dietary copper and CVD. We aimed to review the association between dietary copper intake with CVD and this association's related factors by reviewing both animal models and human studies. Some animal model studies have reported a strong relationship between dietary copper intake and atherogenesis based on the possible molecular pathways, whilst other studies have not confirmed this relationship. Human studies have not revealed a relationship between CVDs and dietary copper intake, but there is uncertainty about the optimal amount of dietary copper intake in relation reducing the risk of CVDs. These associations may be influenced by ethnicity, gender, underlying co-morbidities and the methods used for its measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- AmirAli Moodi Ghalibaf
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Sara Saffar Soflaei
- International UNESCO center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Maryam Saberi-Karimian
- International UNESCO center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- International UNESCO center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Wiethoff H, Mohr I, Fichtner A, Merle U, Schirmacher P, Weiss KH, Longerich T. Metallothionein: a game changer in histopathological diagnosis of Wilson disease. Histopathology 2023; 83:936-948. [PMID: 37661783 DOI: 10.1111/his.15041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Wilson disease (WD) is a genetic disorder of copper metabolism caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene. Toxic copper accumulation leads to hepatic, neurologic, and psychiatric disorders with variable presentation. Metallothionein (MT) immunohistochemistry was proposed as a diagnostic marker. METHODS MT immunohistochemistry was performed on liver specimens of WD patients (n = 64) and control cases (n = 160) including acute liver failure, steatotic liver disease, autoimmune hepatitis, normal liver, primary biliary cholangitis, primary and secondary sclerosing cholangitis, and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis. The optimal cutoff for detection of WD was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS At least moderate staining in >50% of hepatocytes was observed in 81% of analysed liver specimens (n = 56/69) of WD patients, while only five control cases showed this staining pattern. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for a new diagnosis of WD were 85.7%, 96.9%, and 94.9%, respectively. Sensitivity in nonfibrotic patients was 70.6% and this MT pattern was robust in small biopsies. The hepatic copper concentration was similar between MT-positive and MT-negative liver samples (P > 0.05). Zinc treatment may induce hepatocellular MT expression. Kayser-Fleischer rings (50% versus 15%) and neurologic disorders (50% versus 13%) were significantly more prevalent in MT-negative compared to MT-positive WD patients, respectively. CONCLUSION MT immunostaining is an excellent biomarker for histological diagnosis of WD, should be incorporated in the diagnostic work-up of patients with potential WD, and is useful in a modified Leipzig score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Wiethoff
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Isabelle Mohr
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Intoxication, Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Fichtner
- Department of Pediatrics I, University Children's Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uta Merle
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Intoxication, Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Schirmacher
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karl H Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine, Salem Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Longerich
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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Jain A, Meshram RJ, Lohiya S, Hinge DV, Wandile S. Wilson's Disease in a 17-Year-Old Male With Sickle Cell Trait: A Report of a Rare Case. Cureus 2023; 15:e51200. [PMID: 38283498 PMCID: PMC10818089 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This case report describes the atypical presentation of Wilson's disease in a 17-year-old male with sickle cell trait AS pattern. The patient initially presented with fever, generalized weakness, and joint pain, leading to an inconclusive diagnosis and unsuccessful initial treatment. A comprehensive re-evaluation revealed vitamin-A deficiency, adenoid hypertrophy, splenomegaly, and acalculous cholecystitis. Elevated copper levels in the 24-hour urine test confirmed the diagnosis of Wilson's disease. Treatment was modified to include amikacin, prednisolone, and Zinconia®, with analgesics for joint pain management. This case emphasizes the need for a thorough diagnostic approach and consideration of overlapping conditions in complex presentations, contributing to improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Jain
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Revat J Meshram
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Sham Lohiya
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Dinesh V Hinge
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Shailesh Wandile
- Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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28
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Fodor I, Yañez-Guerra LA, Kiss B, Büki G, Pirger Z. Copper-transporting ATPases throughout the animal evolution - From clinics to basal neuron-less animals. Gene 2023; 885:147720. [PMID: 37597707 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Copper-transporting ATPases are a group of heavy metal-transporting proteins and which can be found in all living organisms. In animals, they are generally referred to as ATP7 proteins and are involved in many different physiological processes including the maintaining of copper homeostasis and the supply of copper to cuproenzymes. A single ATP7 gene is present in non-chordate animals while it is divided into ATP7A and ATP7B in chordates. In humans, dysfunction of ATP7 proteins can lead to severe genetic disorders, such as, Menkes disease and Wilson's disease, which are characterized by abnormal copper transport and accumulation, causing significant health complications. Therefore, there is a substantial amount of research on ATP7 genes and ATP7 proteins in humans and mice to understand pathophysiological conditions and find potential therapeutic interventions. Copper-transporting ATPases have also been investigated in some non-mammalian vertebrates, protostomes, single-cellular eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and archaea to gain useful evolutionary insights. However, ATP7 function in many animals has been somewhat neglected, particularly in non-bilaterians. Previous reviews on this topic only broadly summarized the available information on the function and evolution of ATP7 genes and ATP7 proteins and included only the classic vertebrate and invertebrate models. Given this, and the fact that a considerable amount of new information on this topic has been published in recent years, the present study was undertaken to provide an up-to-date, comprehensive summary of ATP7s/ATP7s and give new insights into their evolutionary relationships. Additionally, this work provides a framework for studying these genes and proteins in non-bilaterians. As early branching animals, they are important to understand the evolution of function of these proteins and their important role in copper homeostasis and neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- István Fodor
- Ecophysiological and Environmental Toxicological Research Group, Balaton Limnological Research Institute, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary.
| | | | - Bence Kiss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gergely Büki
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Pirger
- Ecophysiological and Environmental Toxicological Research Group, Balaton Limnological Research Institute, H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
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29
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Lavrut PM, Guillaud O, Dumortier J, Mintz E, Brun V, Heissat S, Couchonnal Bedoya E, Lachaux A, Bost M, Hervieu V. Histological features of liver disease development in the Atp7b -/- mouse: a model of Wilson's disease. J Clin Pathol 2023:jcp-2023-209190. [PMID: 37968102 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2023-209190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Wilson's disease (WD) is caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene, resulting in copper accumulation and toxicity in liver and brain tissues. Due to the initial asymptomatic liver involvement, the progression of liver injuries in WD stays primarily unknown. Atp7b-/- knockout mice have been shown to be an appropriate model of WD for liver involvement. METHODS A total of 138 Atp7b-/- mice were included and separated into five groups according to age as follows: 6, 20, 39 and 50 weeks without treatment, and 50 weeks with copper chelator treatment from 39 to 50 weeks of age and compared with 101 wild-type (WT) mice at the same stages. The evolution of histological liver lesions was analysed and compared between groups. RESULTS Significant changes were observed in Atp7b-/- mice compared with WT. Copper deposits in hepatocytes appeared as early as 6 weeks but no significant increase over time was observed. Inflammation appeared as early as 6 weeks and progressed henceforth. Lobular and periportal acidophilic bodies appeared after 20 weeks. Significant atypia was also observed at 20 weeks and increased over time to reach a severe stage at 39 weeks. Fibrosis also became apparent at 20 weeks, progressing subsequently to precirrhotic stages at 50 weeks. Copper content, inflammation and fibrosis scores were significantly reduced in the treated group. No bile duct lesions or dysplastic changes were noted. CONCLUSIONS Copper accumulation leads to progressive changes in Atp7b-/- mice regarding inflammation, fibrosis and atypia. The severity of liver damage is lessened by chelation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Marie Lavrut
- Department of Pathology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Olivier Guillaud
- National Reference Center for Wilson's disease, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
- Ramsay Générale de Santé, Clinique de la Sauvegarde, Lyon, Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Jérôme Dumortier
- Department of digestive diseases, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Elisabeth Mintz
- CEA, CNRS, IRIG, LCBM, Universite Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Virginie Brun
- CEA, Inserm, IRIG, BioSanté U1292, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Sophie Heissat
- National Reference Center for Wilson's disease, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Eduardo Couchonnal Bedoya
- National Reference Center for Wilson's disease, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Alain Lachaux
- National Reference Center for Wilson's disease, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Muriel Bost
- National Reference Center for Wilson's disease, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
- Laboratory of Trace Element and Toxic Metal Analysis, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
| | - Valerie Hervieu
- Department of Pathology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
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30
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Munk DE, Vendelbo MH, Kirk FT, Rewitz KS, Bender DA, Vase KH, Munk OL, Vilstrup H, Ott P, Sandahl TD. Distribution of non-ceruloplasmin-bound copper after i.v. 64Cu injection studied with PET/CT in patients with Wilson disease. JHEP Rep 2023; 5:100916. [PMID: 37886434 PMCID: PMC10597763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims In Wilson disease (WD), copper accumulation and increased non-ceruloplasmin-bound copper in plasma lead to liver and brain pathology. To better understand the fate of non-ceruloplasmin-bound copper, we used PET/CT to examine the whole-body distribution of intravenously injected 64-copper (64Cu). Methods Eight patients with WD, five heterozygotes, and nine healthy controls were examined by dynamic PET/CT for 90 min and static PET/CT up to 20 h after injection. We measured 64Cu activity in blood and tissue and quantified the kinetics by compartmental analysis. Results Initially, a large fraction of injected 64Cu was distributed to extrahepatic tissues, especially skeletal muscle. Thus, across groups, extrahepatic tissues accounted for 45-58% of the injected dose (%ID) after 10 min, and 45-55% after 1 h. Kinetic analysis showed rapid exchange of 64Cu between blood and muscle as well as adipose tissue, with 64Cu retention in a secondary compartment, possibly mitochondria. This way, muscle and adipose tissue may protect the brain from spikes in non-ceruloplasmin-bound copper. Tiny amounts of cerebral 64Cu were detected (0.2%ID after 90 min and 0.3%ID after 6 h), suggesting tight control of cerebral copper in accordance with a cerebral clearance that is 2-3-fold lower than in muscle. Compared to controls, patients with WD accumulated more hepatic copper 6-20 h after injection, and also renal copper at 6 h. Conclusion Non-ceruloplasmin-bound copper is initially distributed into a number of tissues before being redistributed slowly to the eliminating organ, the liver. Cerebral uptake of copper is extremely slow and likely highly regulated. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms of copper control. Impact and implications Maintaining non-ceruloplasmin-bound copper within the normal range is an important treatment goal in WD as this "free" copper is considered toxic to the liver and brain. We found that intravenously injected non-ceruloplasmin-bound copper quickly distributed to a number of tissues, especially skeletal muscle, subcutaneous fat, and the liver, while uptake into the brain was slow. This study offers new insights into the mechanisms of copper control, which may encourage further research into potential new treatment targets. Clinical trial number 2016-001975-59.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ditte Emilie Munk
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Holm Vendelbo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Frederik Teicher Kirk
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Karina Stubkjær Rewitz
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Dirk Andreas Bender
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Karina Højrup Vase
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ole Lajord Munk
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hendrik Vilstrup
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Ott
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Lahoda Brodska H, Klempir J, Zavora J, Kohout P. The Role of Micronutrients in Neurological Disorders. Nutrients 2023; 15:4129. [PMID: 37836413 PMCID: PMC10574090 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Trace elements and vitamins, collectively known as micronutrients, are essential for basic metabolic reactions in the human body. Their deficiency or, on the contrary, an increased amount can lead to serious disorders. Research in recent years has shown that long-term abnormal levels of micronutrients may be involved in the etiopathogenesis of some neurological diseases. Acute and chronic alterations in micronutrient levels may cause other serious complications in neurological diseases. Our aim was to summarize the knowledge about micronutrients in relation to selected neurological diseases and comment on their importance and the possibilities of therapeutic intervention in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Lahoda Brodska
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, U Nemocnice 499/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (H.L.B.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jiri Klempir
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Katerinska 30, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Zavora
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, U Nemocnice 499/2, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (H.L.B.); (J.Z.)
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kohout
- Clinic of Internal Medicine, 3rd Faculty Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer University Hospital, Videnska 800, 140 59 Prague, Czech Republic;
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32
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve A Roberts
- From the Departments of Paediatrics, Medicine, and Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, and the Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute - both in Toronto; and the History of Science and Technology Programme, University of King's College, Halifax, NS, Canada (E.A.R.); and the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.L.S.)
| | - Michael L Schilsky
- From the Departments of Paediatrics, Medicine, and Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, and the Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute - both in Toronto; and the History of Science and Technology Programme, University of King's College, Halifax, NS, Canada (E.A.R.); and the Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (M.L.S.)
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Zhou HY, Yang X, Luo KZ, Jiang YF, Wang WL, Liang J, Li MM, Luo HY. Hepatitis B virus infection in patients with Wilson disease: A large retrospective study. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:4900-4911. [PMID: 37701133 PMCID: PMC10494763 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i32.4900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wilson disease (WD) is the most common genetic metabolic liver disease. Some studies have shown that comorbidities may have important effects on WD. Data on hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in patients with WD are limited. AIM To investigate the prevalence and clinical impact of HBV infection in patients with WD. METHODS The clinical data of patients with WD were analyzed retrospectively, and the data of patients with concurrent WD and HBV infection were compared with those of patients with isolated WD. RESULTS Among a total of 915 WD patients recruited, the total prevalence of current and previous HBV infection was 2.1% [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2%-3.0%] and 9.2% (95%CI: 7.3%-11.1%), respectively. The main finding of this study was the identification of 19 patients with concurrent WD and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. The diagnosis of WD was missed in all but two patients with CHB infection. The mean delay in the diagnosis of WD in patients with concurrent WD and CHB infection was 32.5 mo, which was significantly longer than that in patients with isolated WD (10.5 mo). The rates of severe liver disease and mortality in patients with concurrent WD and CHB infection were significantly higher than those in patients with isolated WD (63.1% vs 19.3%, P = 0.000 and 36.8% vs 4.1%, P < 0.001, respectively). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed a significantly higher risk of severe liver disease at the diagnosis of WD in patients with current HBV infection [odds ratio (OR) = 7.748; 95%CI: 2.890-20.774; P = 0.000)] or previous HBV infection (OR = 5.525; 95%CI: 3.159-8.739; P = 0.000) than in patients with isolated WD. CONCLUSION The total prevalence of current HBV infection in patients with WD was 2.1%. The diagnosis of WD in CHB patients is usually missed. HBV infection is an independent risk factor for severe liver disease in WD patients. The diagnosis of WD should be ruled out in some patients with CHB infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Ying Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Hepatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Hepatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Kai-Zhong Luo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Hepatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yong-Fang Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Hepatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wen-Long Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Hepatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Hepatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ming-Ming Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Hepatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hong-Yu Luo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Hepatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China
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Karpenko MN, Muruzheva ZM, Ilyechova EY, Babich PS, Puchkova LV. Abnormalities in Copper Status Associated with an Elevated Risk of Parkinson's Phenotype Development. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1654. [PMID: 37759957 PMCID: PMC10525645 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last 15 years, among the many reasons given for the development of idiopathic forms of Parkinson's disease (PD), copper imbalance has been identified as a factor, and PD is often referred to as a copper-mediated disorder. More than 640 papers have been devoted to the relationship between PD and copper status in the blood, which include the following markers: total copper concentration, enzymatic ceruloplasmin (Cp) concentration, Cp protein level, and non-ceruloplasmin copper level. Most studies measure only one of these markers. Therefore, the existence of a correlation between copper status and the development of PD is still debated. Based on data from the published literature, meta-analysis, and our own research, it is clear that there is a connection between the development of PD symptoms and the number of copper atoms, which are weakly associated with the ceruloplasmin molecule. In this work, the link between the risk of developing PD and various inborn errors related to copper metabolism, leading to decreased levels of oxidase ceruloplasmin in the circulation and cerebrospinal fluid, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina N. Karpenko
- I.P. Pavlov Department of Physiology, Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.N.K.); (Z.M.M.)
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnology, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Zamira M. Muruzheva
- I.P. Pavlov Department of Physiology, Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.N.K.); (Z.M.M.)
- State Budgetary Institution of Health Care “Leningrad Regional Clinical Hospital”, 194291 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Yu. Ilyechova
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnology, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Research Center of Advanced Functional Materials and Laser Communication Systems, ADTS Institute, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Polina S. Babich
- Department of Zoology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, 191186 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Ludmila V. Puchkova
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnology, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Research Center of Advanced Functional Materials and Laser Communication Systems, ADTS Institute, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Hefter H, Kruschel TS, Novak M, Rosenthal D, Luedde T, Meuth SG, Albrecht P, Hartmann CJ, Samadzadeh S. Differences in the Time Course of Recovery from Brain and Liver Dysfunction in Conventional Long-Term Treatment of Wilson Disease. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4861. [PMID: 37510976 PMCID: PMC10381896 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to demonstrate that both neurological and hepatic symptoms respond to copper chelation therapy in Wilson disease (WD). However, the time course of their recovery is different. METHODS Eighteen patients with neurological WD from a single specialized center who had been listed for liver transplantation during the last ten years and two newly diagnosed homozygous twins were recruited for this retrospective study. The mean duration of conventional treatment was 7.3 years (range: 0.25 to 36.2 years). A custom Wilson disease score with seven motor items, three non-motor items, and 33 biochemical parameters of the blood and urine, as well as the MELD score, was determined at various checkup visits during treatment. These data were extracted from the charts of the patients. RESULTS Treatment was initiated with severity-dependent doses (≥900 mg) of D-penicillamine (DPA) or triethylene-tetramin-dihydrochloride (TRIEN). The motor score improved in 10 and remained constant in 8 patients. Worsening of neurological symptoms was observed only in two patients who developed comorbidities (myasthenia gravis or hemispheric stroke). The neurological symptoms continuously improved over the years until the majority of patients became only mildly affected. In contrast to this slow recovery of the neurological symptoms, the MELD score and liver enzymes had already started to improve after 1 month and rapidly improved over the next 6 months in 19 patients. The cholinesterase levels continued to increase significantly (p < 0.0074) even further. One patient whose MELD score indicated further progression of liver disease received an orthotopic liver transplantation 3 months after the diagnosis of WD and the onset of DPA treatment. CONCLUSIONS Neurological and hepatic symptoms both respond to copper chelation therapy. For patients with acute liver failure, the first 4 months are critical. This is the time span in which patients have to wait either for a donor organ or until significant improvement has occurred under conventional therapy. For patients with severe neurological symptoms, it is important that they are treated with fairly high doses over several years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Hefter
- Departments of Neurology, University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Theodor S Kruschel
- Departments of Neurology, University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Max Novak
- Departments of Neurology, University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dietmar Rosenthal
- Departments of Neurology, University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Departments of Gastroenterology, University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sven G Meuth
- Departments of Neurology, University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp Albrecht
- Departments of Neurology, University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Kliniken Maria Hilf GmbH Mönchengladbach, 41063 Mönchengladbach, Germany
| | - Christian J Hartmann
- Departments of Neurology, University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sara Samadzadeh
- Departments of Neurology, University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Unverstät zu Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Regional Health Research and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Slagelse Hospital, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark
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Wei J, Wang S, Zhu H, Cui W, Gao J, Gao C, Yu B, Liu B, Chen J, Peng J. Hepatic depletion of nucleolar protein mDEF causes excessive mitochondrial copper accumulation associated with p53 and NRF1 activation. iScience 2023; 26:107220. [PMID: 37456842 PMCID: PMC10339200 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential component in the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV (cytochrome c oxidases). However, whether any nucleolar factor(s) is(are) involved in regulating the mitochondrial copper homeostasis remains unclear. The nucleolar localized Def-Capn3 protein degradation pathway cleaves target proteins, including p53, in both zebrafish and human nucleoli. Here, we report that hepatic depletion of mDEF in mice causes an excessive copper accumulation in the mitochondria. We find that mDEF-depleted hepatocytes show an exclusion of CAPN3 from the nucleoli and accumulate p53 and NRF1 proteins in the nucleoli. Furthermore, we find that NRF1 is a CAPN3 substrate. Elevated p53 and NRF1 enhances the expression of Sco2 and Cox genes, respectively, to allow more copper acquirement in the mDefloxp/loxp, Alb:Cre mitochondria. Our findings reveal that the mDEF-CAPN3 pathway serves as a novel mechanism for regulating the mitochondrial copper homeostasis through targeting its substrates p53 and NRF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haozhe Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Cui
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianan Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ce Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bo Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bojing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinrong Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Tang Z, Lan Z, Li J, Zhang H, Gao S. The 100 top-cited articles in the field of Wilson's disease from 1990 to 2022: A bibliometric study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17785. [PMID: 37449174 PMCID: PMC10336511 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To characterize the 100 most-cited articles in the field of Wilson's Disease (WD) to provide a general overview and reveal the historical developments classical studies, and new findings. Design WD-related articles were searched on the Web of Science database. The 100 most-cited articles were retrieved and their descriptive statistics were analyzed. Data extraction and synthesis The 100 most-cited articles in the field of WD were selected and several parameters, including citation count, citation density, first author, corresponding author, journal, country, institution, and keywords were extracted to assess the overall quality and impact of the articles. Results Most of the selected 100 articles were published in the 1990s and 2000s, with the highest number of articles published in 2005. Citations per paper ranged from 100 to 1,631, with a mean number of citations of 199.03. The top 100 articles were published in 38 journals, and the majority were published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry. The most prominent research themes were clinical presentations, clinical trials, copper transport mechanisms, and dysregulation of copper metabolism. Prof. Svetlana Lutsenko, Prof. Peter Ferenci, Prof. George J. Brewer, and Prof. Diane W. Cox were among the most influential researchers in this field, while Euro-American countries were the most dominant in terms of research output. Keywords network analysis identified "Transporting ATPase," "ATP7B," and "Menkes disease" as the most influential keywords. Moreover, disease management, WD clinical phenotype, ATP7B function, and copper metabolism are potential hotspots in future WD research. Conclusions This study reveals the most influential articles in the field of WD research. In addition, the major research themes and technological innovations in the field of WD worldwide are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchu Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ziwei Lan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Center of Medical Functional Experiment, School of Basic Medical Science of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hedong Zhang
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Gromadzka G, Grycan M, Przybyłkowski AM. Monitoring of Copper in Wilson Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:1830. [PMID: 37296680 PMCID: PMC10253047 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13111830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Introduction: Wilson's disease (WND) is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper (Cu) metabolism. Many tools are available to diagnose and monitor the clinical course of WND. Laboratory tests to determine disorders of Cu metabolism are of significant diagnostic importance. (2) Methods: A systematic review of the literature in the PubMed, Science Direct, and Wiley Online Library databases was conducted. (Results): For many years, Cu metabolism in WND was assessed with serum ceruloplasmin (CP) concentration, radioactive Cu test, total serum Cu concentration, urinary copper excretion, and Cu content in the liver. The results of these studies are not always unambiguous and easy to interpret. New methods have been developed to calculate non-CP Cu (NCC) directly. New parameters, such as relative Cu exchange (REC), reflecting the ratio of CuEXC to total serum Cu, as well as relative Cu exchange (REC), reflecting the ratio of CuEXC to total serum Cu, have been shown to be an accurate tool for the diagnosis of WND. Recently, a direct and fast LC-ICP-MS method for the study of CuEXC was presented. A new method to assess Cu metabolism during treatment with ALXN1840 (bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate [TTM]) has been developed. The assay enables the bioanalysis of CP and different types of Cu, including CP-Cu, direct NCC (dNCC), and labile bound copper (LBC) in human plasma. Conclusions: A few diagnostic and monitoring tools are available for patients with WND. While many patients are diagnosed and adequately assessed with currently available methods, diagnosis and monitoring is a real challenge in a group of patients who are stuck with borderline results, ambiguous genetic findings, and unclear clinical phenotypes. Technological progress and the characterization of new diagnostic parameters, including those related to Cu metabolism, may provide confidence in the more accurate diagnosis of WND in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna Gromadzka
- Medical Faculty, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego Street 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Grycan
- Students Research Club, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy, 03-411 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam M. Przybyłkowski
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
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Xue Z, Chen H, Yu L, Jiang P. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the R778L Mutation in ATP7B With Wilson Disease in China. Pediatr Neurol 2023; 145:135-147. [PMID: 37354629 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wilson disease (WD) is a hereditary disorder of copper metabolism, caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene. There are more than 1000 pathogenic variants identified in ATP7B. R778L is the most common ATP7B mutation in China. METHODS To estimate whether R778L is associated with the onset age of WD and other clinical variables. Genotyping results of ATP7B gene were collected in our 22 patients with WD. We then conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in databases, using the keywords Wilson disease and R778L mutation. RESULTS After the screening, a total of 23 studies were included, including 3007 patients with WD. Patients with R778L mutation presented at an earlier age (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.18 [95% confidence interval, -0.28 to 0.08], P = 0.0004) and had lower ceruloplasmin concentration (SMD = -0.21 [95% confidence interval, -0.40 to -0.02], P = 0.03) than the patients without the R778L mutation. However, sex (odds ratio [OR] = 1.07 [95% confidence interval, 0.89 to 1.29], P = 0.32) and first presentation were not associated with R778L mutation in WD (hepatic: OR = 1.37 [95% confidence interval, 0.87 to 2.16, P = 0.17; neurological: OR = 0.79 [95% confidence interval, 0.48 to 1.30, P = 0.35; mix: OR = 1.04 [95% confidence interval, 0.42 to 2.53, P = 0.87; asymptomatic/others: OR = 1.98 [95% confidence interval, 0.49 to 7.96, P = 0.34). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that the R778L mutation is associated with an earlier presentation and lower ceruloplasmin concentration in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziru Xue
- Department of Neurology at The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Regional Medical Center for Children, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lan Yu
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Regional Medical Center for Children, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Peifang Jiang
- Department of Neurology at The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Regional Medical Center for Children, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Song W, Xin L, Wang J. A grading method for Kayser Fleischer ring images based on ResNet. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16149. [PMID: 37234668 PMCID: PMC10205591 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The corneal K-F ring is the most common ophthalmic manifestation of WD patients. Early diagnosis and treatment have an important impact on the patient's condition. K-F ring is one of the gold standards for the diagnosis of WD disease. Therefore, this paper mainly focused on the detection and grading of the K-F ring. The aim of this study is three-fold. Firstly, to create a meaningful database, the K-F ring images are collected which contains 1850 images with 399 different WD patients, and then this paper uses the chi-square test and Friedman test to analyze the statistical significance. Subsequently, the all collected images were graded and labeled with an appropriate treatment approach, as a result, these images could be used to detect the corneal through the YOLO. After the detection of corneal, image segmentation was realized in batches. Finally, in this paper, different deep convolutional neural networks (VGG, ResNet, and DenseNet) were used to realize the grading of the K-F ring images in the KFID. Experimental results reveal that the entire pre-trained models obtain excellent performance. The global accuracies achieved by the six models i.e., VGG-16, VGG-19, ResNet18, ResNet34, ResNet50, and DenseNet are 89.88%, 91.89%, 94.18%, 95.31%, 93.59%, and 94.58% respectively. ResNet34 displayed the highest recall, specificity, and F1-score of 95.23%, 96.99%, and 95.23%. DenseNet showed the best precision of 95.66%. As such, the findings are encouraging, demonstrating the effectiveness of ResNet in the automatic grading of the K-F ring. Moreover, it provides effective help for the clinical diagnosis of HLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Ling Xin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Jiemei Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, China
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de Carvalho Machado C, Dinis-Oliveira RJ. Clinical and Forensic Signs Resulting from Exposure to Heavy Metals and Other Chemical Elements of the Periodic Table. J Clin Med 2023; 12:2591. [PMID: 37048674 PMCID: PMC10095087 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Several heavy metals and other chemical elements are natural components of the Earth's crust and their properties and toxicity have been recognized for thousands of years. Moreover, their use in industries presents a major source of environmental and occupational pollution. Therefore, this ubiquity in daily life may result in several potential exposures coming from natural sources (e.g., through food and water contamination), industrial processes, and commercial products, among others. The toxicity of most chemical elements of the periodic table accrues from their highly reactive nature, resulting in the formation of complexes with intracellular compounds that impair cellular pathways, leading to dysfunction, necrosis, and apoptosis. Nervous, gastrointestinal, hematopoietic, renal, and dermatological systems are the main targets. This manuscript aims to collect the clinical and forensic signs related to poisoning from heavy metals, such as thallium, lead, copper, mercury, iron, cadmium, and bismuth, as well as other chemical elements such as arsenic, selenium, and fluorine. Furthermore, their main sources of occupational and environmental exposure are highlighted in this review. The importance of rapid recognition is related to the fact that, through a high degree of suspicion, the clinician could rapidly initiate treatment even before the toxicological results are available, which can make a huge difference in these patients' outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina de Carvalho Machado
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- TOXRUN—Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- MTG Research and Development Lab, 4200-604 Porto, Portugal
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Gromadzka G, Bendykowska M, Przybyłkowski A. Wilson’s Disease—Genetic Puzzles with Diagnostic Implications. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13071287. [PMID: 37046505 PMCID: PMC10093728 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13071287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Introduction: Wilson’s disease (WND) is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism. The WND gene is ATP7B, located on chromosome 13. WND is characterized by high clinical variability, which causes diagnostic difficulties. (2) Methods: The PubMed, Science Direct, and Wiley Online Library medical databases were reviewed using the following phrases: “Wilson’s disease”, “ATP7B genotype”, “genotype-phenotype”, “epigenetics”, “genetic modifiers”, and their combinations. Publications presenting the results of experimental and clinical studies, as well as review papers, were selected, which concerned: (i) the diversity of genetic strategies and tests used in WND diagnosis; (ii) the difficulties of genetic diagnosis, including uncertainty as to the pathogenicity of variants; (iii) genetic counseling; (iv) phenotypic effects of ATP7B variants in patients with WND and in heterozygous carriers (HzcWND); (v) genetic and epigenetics factors modifying the clinical picture of the disease. (3) Results and conclusions: The genetic diagnosis of WND is carried out using a variety of strategies and tests. Due to the large number of known variants in the ATP7B gene (>900), the usefulness of genetic tests in routine diagnostics is still relatively small and even analyses performed using the most advanced technologies, including next-generation sequencing, require additional tests, including biochemical evidence of abnormal copper metabolism, to confirm the diagnosis of WND. Pseudodominant inheritance, the presence of three various pathogenic variants in the same patient, genotypes indicating the possibility of segmental uniparental disomy, have been reported. Genotype–phenotype relationships in WND are complex. The ATP7B genotype, to some extent, determines the clinical picture of the disease, but other genetic and epigenetic modifiers are also relevant.
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An optical chemosensor for nano-level determination of Pb2+ and Cu2+ in aqueous media and its application in cell imaging. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-023-02770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
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Jin YJ, Si BM, Kim E, Lee J, Kim H, Kwak G, Sakaguchi T, Lee J, Song IY, Lee CL, Kim JH, Heo K, Lee WE. Reusable, Ultrasensitive, Patterned Conjugated Polyelectrolyte-Surfactant Complex Film with a Wide Detection Range for Copper Ion Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:12339-12349. [PMID: 36847579 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) are emerging as promising materials in the sensor field because they enable high-sensitivity detection of various substances in aqueous media. However, most CPE-based sensors have serious problems in real-world application because the sensor system is operated only when the CPE is dissolved in aqueous media. Here, the fabrication and performance of a water-swellable (WS) CPE-based sensor driven in the solid state are demonstrated. The WS CPE films are prepared by immersing a water-soluble CPE film in cationic surfactants of different alkyl chain lengths in a chloroform solution. The prepared film exhibits rapid, limited water swellability despite the absence of chemical crosslinking. The water swellability of the film enables the highly sensitive and selective detection of Cu2+ in water. The fluorescence quenching constant and the detection limit of the film are 7.24 × 106 L mol-1 and 4.38 nM (0.278 ppb), respectively. Moreover, the film is reusable via a facile treatment. Furthermore, various fluorescent patterns introduced by different surfactants are successfully fabricated by a simple stamping method. By integrating the patterns, Cu2+ detection in a wide concentration range (nM-mM) can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jae Jin
- Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Beom-Min Si
- Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Eonji Kim
- Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Jineun Lee
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Polymeric Nanomaterials Laboratory, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Buk-ku, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Heesang Kim
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Polymeric Nanomaterials Laboratory, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Buk-ku, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Giseop Kwak
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Polymeric Nanomaterials Laboratory, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Buk-ku, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Toshikazu Sakaguchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo 3-9-1, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Jinhee Lee
- Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - In Young Song
- Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Chang-Lyoul Lee
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Joon Heon Kim
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Kyuyoung Heo
- Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Wang-Eun Lee
- Reliability Assessment Center for Chemical Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
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Gouda N, Pradhan RN. Pyrene based Schiff base ligand: A highly selective fluorescence chemosensor for the detection of Cu2+ ions. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2023.100985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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Roy S, Ghosh S, Ray J, Ray K, Sengupta M. Missing heritability of Wilson disease: a search for the uncharacterized mutations. Mamm Genome 2023; 34:1-11. [PMID: 36462057 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-022-09971-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD), a copper metabolism disorder caused by mutations in ATP7B, manifests heterogeneous clinical features. Interestingly, in a fraction of clinically diagnosed WD patients, mutations in ATP7B appears to be missing. In this review we discuss the plausible explanations of this missing heritability and propose a workflow that can identify the hidden mutations. Mutation analyses of WD generally includes targeted sequencing of ATP7B exons, exon-intron boundaries, and rarely, the proximal promoter region. We propose that variants in the distal cis-regulatory elements and/or deep intronic variants that impact splicing might well represent the hidden mutations. Heterozygous del/ins that remain refractory to conventional PCR-sequencing method may also represent such mutations. In this review, we also hypothesize that mutations in the key copper metabolism genes, like, ATOX1, COMMD1, and SLC31A1, could possibly lead to a WD-like phenotype. In fact, WD does present overlapping symptoms with other rare genetic disorders; hence, the possibility of a misdiagnosis and thus adding to missing heritability cannot be excluded. In this regard, it seems that whole-genome analysis will provide a comprehensive and rapid molecular diagnosis of WD. However, considering the associated cost for such a strategy, we propose an alternative customized screening schema of WD which include targeted sequencing of ATP7B locus as well as other key copper metabolism genes. Success of such a schema has been tested in a pilot study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhrajit Roy
- S. N. Pradhan Centre for Neurosciences, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
- Post-doctoral Fellow, Physiology Department, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Sampurna Ghosh
- Department of Genetics, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Jharna Ray
- S. N. Pradhan Centre for Neurosciences, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Kunal Ray
- Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Narendrapur, Kolkata, 700 103, India.
| | - Mainak Sengupta
- Department of Genetics, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India.
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Jańczyk W, Bierła JB, Trojanowska I, Wierzbicka-Rucińska A, Cukrowska B, Socha P. Prevalence and Significance of Autoantibody Seropositivity in Children with Wilson's Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13040768. [PMID: 36832258 PMCID: PMC9955693 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13040768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies occur in healthy subjects as well as in children with Wilson's disease (WD), but their prevalence and significance are unknown. Thus, we aimed to assess the prevalence of autoantibodies and autoimmune markers, and their relationship to liver injury in WD children. The study included 74 WD and 75 healthy children as a control group. Patients with WD underwent transient elastography (TE) examinations, as well as determination of liver function tests, copper metabolism markers, and serum immunoglobulins (Ig). In the sera of the WD patients and controls, anti-nuclear (ANA), anti-smooth muscle, anti-mitochondrial, anti-parietal cell, anti-liver/kidney microsomal, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies, and specific celiac antibodies were determined. Among the autoantibodies, only the prevalence of ANA in children with WD was higher than in the controls. There was no significant relationship between the presence of autoantibodies and liver steatosis or stiffness after TE. However, advanced liver stiffness (E > 8.2 kPa) was related to IgA, IgG, and gamma globulin production. The type of treatment did not influence the prevalence of autoantibodies. Our results suggest that autoimmune disturbances in WD might not be directly related to liver damage as expressed by steatosis and/or liver stiffness after TE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Jańczyk
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutritional Disorders and Pediatrics, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Al. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-8151874
| | - Joanna B. Bierła
- Department of Pathomorphology, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Al. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Trojanowska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Al. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aldona Wierzbicka-Rucińska
- Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Al. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bożena Cukrowska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Al. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Socha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutritional Disorders and Pediatrics, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Al. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
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Penning LC, Berenguer M, Czlonkowska A, Double KL, Dusek P, Espinós C, Lutsenko S, Medici V, Papenthin W, Stremmel W, Willemse J, Weiskirchen R. A Century of Progress on Wilson Disease and the Enduring Challenges of Genetics, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020420. [PMID: 36830958 PMCID: PMC9953205 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD) is a rare, inherited metabolic disorder manifested with varying clinical presentations including hepatic, neurological, psychiatric, and ophthalmological features, often in combination. Causative mutations in the ATP7B gene result in copper accumulation in hepatocytes and/or neurons, but clinical diagnosis remains challenging. Diagnosis is complicated by mild, non-specific presentations, mutations exerting no clear effect on protein function, and inconclusive laboratory tests, particularly regarding serum ceruloplasmin levels. As early diagnosis and effective treatment are crucial to prevent progressive damage, we report here on the establishment of a global collaboration of researchers, clinicians, and patient advocacy groups to identify and address the outstanding challenges posed by WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis C. Penning
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (L.C.P.); (R.W.)
| | - Marina Berenguer
- Digestive Medicine Department, Ciberehd & IISLaFe, Hospital U. i P. La Fe, University of Valencia, 46010 Valenci, Spain
| | - Anna Czlonkowska
- Second Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, 02-957 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kay L. Double
- Brain and Mind Centre and School of Medical Sciences (Neuroscience), The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Petr Dusek
- Department of Radiology, Charles University and General University Hospital, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Carmen Espinós
- Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases Lab, Centro de Investigacion Principe Felipe, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Svetlana Lutsenko
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 1800, USA
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 1800, USA
| | - Valentina Medici
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 59817, USA
| | - Wiebke Papenthin
- German Society for Wilson disease Patients (Morbus Wilson e.V.), Zehlendorfer Damm 119, D-14532 Kleinnachnow, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Stremmel
- Private Practice for Internal Medicine, Beethovenstraße 2, D-76530 Baden-Baden, Germany
| | - Jose Willemse
- Dutch Society for Liver Disease Patients (Nederlandse Leverpatienten Vereniging), 3828 NS Hoogland, The Netherlands
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH Aachen University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
- Correspondence: (L.C.P.); (R.W.)
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Jett KA, Baker ZN, Hossain A, Boulet A, Cobine PA, Ghosh S, Ng P, Yilmaz O, Barreto K, DeCoteau J, Mochoruk K, Ioannou GN, Savard C, Yuan S, Abdalla OH, Lowden C, Kim BE, Cheng HYM, Battersby BJ, Gohil VM, Leary SC. Mitochondrial dysfunction reactivates α-fetoprotein expression that drives copper-dependent immunosuppression in mitochondrial disease models. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e154684. [PMID: 36301669 PMCID: PMC9797342 DOI: 10.1172/jci154684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling circuits crucial to systemic physiology are widespread, yet uncovering their molecular underpinnings remains a barrier to understanding the etiology of many metabolic disorders. Here, we identified a copper-linked signaling circuit activated by disruption of mitochondrial function in the murine liver or heart that resulted in atrophy of the spleen and thymus and caused a peripheral white blood cell deficiency. We demonstrated that the leukopenia was caused by α-fetoprotein, which required copper and the cell surface receptor CCR5 to promote white blood cell death. We further showed that α-fetoprotein expression was upregulated in several cell types upon inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation. Collectively, our data argue that α-fetoprotein may be secreted by bioenergetically stressed tissue to suppress the immune system, an effect that may explain the recurrent or chronic infections that are observed in a subset of mitochondrial diseases or in other disorders with secondary mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A. Jett
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Zakery N. Baker
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Amzad Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Aren Boulet
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Paul A. Cobine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Sagnika Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Philip Ng
- Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Orhan Yilmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Kris Barreto
- Department of Laboratory and Pathology Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - John DeCoteau
- Department of Laboratory and Pathology Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Karen Mochoruk
- Department of Laboratory and Pathology Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - George N. Ioannou
- Division of Gastroenterology
- Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and the
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Christopher Savard
- Division of Gastroenterology
- Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and the
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sai Yuan
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Osama H.M.H. Abdalla
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christopher Lowden
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Byung-Eun Kim
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Hai-Ying Mary Cheng
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Vishal M. Gohil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Scot C. Leary
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Camponeschi F, Banci L. Metal trafficking in the cell: Combining atomic resolution with cellular dimension. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:122-133. [PMID: 36285633 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Metals are widely present in biological systems as simple ions or complex cofactors, and are involved in a variety of processes essential for life. Their transport inside cells and insertion into the binding sites of the proteins that need metals to function occur through complex and selective pathways involving dedicated multiprotein machineries specifically and transiently interacting with each other, often sharing the coordination of metal ions and/or cofactors. The understanding of these machineries requires integrated approaches, ranging from bioinformatics to experimental investigations, possibly in the cellular context. In this review, we report two case studies where the use of integrated in vitro and in cellulo approaches is necessary to clarify at atomic resolution essential aspects of metal trafficking in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Camponeschi
- Magnetic Resonance Center CERM, University of Florence, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), Florence, Italy
| | - Lucia Banci
- Magnetic Resonance Center CERM, University of Florence, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metalloproteine (CIRMMP), Florence, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Italy
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