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Zamani R, Zoghi S, Shahkarami S, Seyedpour S, Jimenez Heredia R, Boztug K, Rezaei N. Novel CARMIL2 (RLTPR) Mutation Presenting with Hyper-IgE and Eosinophilia: A Case Report. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:596-605. [PMID: 37855284 DOI: 10.2174/0118715303263327230922043929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inborn errors of immunity are a growing group of disorders with a wide spectrum of genotypic and phenotypic profiles. CARMIL2 (previously named RLTPR) deficiency is a recently described cause of immune dysregulation, mainly presenting with allergy, mucocutaneous infections, and inflammatory bowel disease. CARMIL2 deficiency is categorized under diseases of immune dysregulation with susceptibility to lymphoproliferative conditions. CASE PRESENTATION Here we describe a 29-years-old male from a consanguineous family, with food and sting allergy, allergic rhinitis, facial molluscum contagiosum (viral infection of the skin in the form of umbilicated papules), eosinophilia and highly elevated serum IgE level. Whole exome sequencing revealed numerous homozygous variants, including a CARMIL2 nonsense mutation, a gene regulating actin polymerization, and promoting cell protrusion formation. CONCLUSION The selective role of CARMIL2 in T cell activation and maturation through cytoskeletal organization is proposed to be the cause of immune dysregulation in individuals with CARMIL2 deficiency. CARMIL2 has an important role in immune pathways regulation, through cell maturation and differentiation, giving rise to a balance between Th1, Th2, and Th17 immune response. This case can improve the understanding of the different impacts of CARMIL2 mutations on immune pathways and further guide the diagnosis of patients with similar phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raha Zamani
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Zoghi
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sepideh Shahkarami
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians- Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Simin Seyedpour
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raúl Jimenez Heredia
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kaan Boztug
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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2
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Boutboul D, Picard C, Latour S. Inborn errors of immunity underlying defective T-cell memory. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 23:491-499. [PMID: 37797193 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000000946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW T-cell memory is a complex process not well understood involving specific steps, pathways and different T-cell subpopulations. Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) represent unique models to decipher some of these requirements in humans. More than 500 different IEIs have been reported to date, and recently a subgroup of monogenic disorders characterized by memory T-cell defects has emerged, providing novel insights into the pathways of T-cell memory generation and maintenance, although this new knowledge is mostly restricted to peripheral blood T-cell memory populations. RECENT FINDINGS This review draws up an inventory of the main and recent IEIs associated with T-cell memory defects and their mice models, with a particular focus on the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway, including the scaffold protein capping protein regulator and myosin 1 linker 2 (CARMIL2) and the T-cell co-stimulatory molecules CD28 and OX-40. Besides NF-κB, IKZF1 (IKAROS), a key transcription factor of haematopoiesis and STAT3-dependent interleukin-6 signals involving the transcription factor ZNF341 also appear to be important for the generation of T cell memory. Somatic reversion mosaicism in memory T cells is documented for several gene defects supporting the critical role of these factors in the development of memory T cells with a potential clinical benefit. SUMMARY Systematic examination of T-cell memory subsets could be helpful in the diagnosis of IEIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Boutboul
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute
- Haematology department, Hospital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP)
- Université de Paris Cité
| | - Capucine Picard
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute
- Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital
- Université de Paris Cité
- Centre de références des déficits immunitaires Héréditaires (CEREDIH), Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital APHP, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Latour
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute
- Université de Paris Cité
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Joachim A, Aussel R, Gélard L, Zhang F, Mori D, Grégoire C, Villazala Merino S, Gaya M, Liang Y, Malissen M, Malissen B. Defective LAT signalosome pathology in mice mimics human IgG4-related disease at single-cell level. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20231028. [PMID: 37624388 PMCID: PMC10457416 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mice with a loss-of-function mutation in the LAT adaptor (LatY136F) develop an autoimmune and type 2 inflammatory disorder called defective LAT signalosome pathology (DLSP). We analyzed via single-cell omics the trajectory leading to LatY136F DLSP and the underlying CD4+ T cell diversification. T follicular helper cells, CD4+ cytotoxic T cells, activated B cells, and plasma cells were found in LatY136F spleen and lung. Such cell constellation entailed all the cell types causative of human IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), an autoimmune and inflammatory condition with LatY136F DLSP-like histopathological manifestations. Most previously described T cell-mediated autoimmune manifestations require persistent TCR input. In contrast, following their first engagement by self-antigens, the autoreactive TCR expressed by LatY136F CD4+ T cells hand over their central role in T cell activation to CD28 costimulatory molecules. As a result, all subsequent LatY136F DLSP manifestations, including the production of autoantibodies, solely rely on CD28 engagement. Our findings elucidate the etiology of the LatY136F DLSP and qualify it as a model of IgG4-RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anais Joachim
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Rudy Aussel
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Léna Gélard
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
- Centre d’Immunophénomique, INSERM, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Fanghui Zhang
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory for Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Daiki Mori
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
- Centre d’Immunophénomique, INSERM, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Claude Grégoire
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Sergio Villazala Merino
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Mauro Gaya
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Yinming Liang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory for Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Marie Malissen
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
- Centre d’Immunophénomique, INSERM, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- Laboratory of Immunophenomics, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Bernard Malissen
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
- Centre d’Immunophénomique, INSERM, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- Laboratory of Immunophenomics, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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Martínez-Pomar N, Cunill V, Segura-Guerrero M, Pol-Pol E, Escobar Oblitas D, Pons J, Ayestarán I, Pruneda PC, Losada I, Toledo-Pons N, García Gasalla M, Ferrer Balaguer JM. Hyperinflammatory Immune Response in COVID-19: Host Genetic Factors in Pyrin Inflammasome and Immunity to Virus in a Spanish Population from Majorca Island. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2548. [PMID: 37760989 PMCID: PMC10525993 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The hyperinflammatory response caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection contributes to its severity, and many critically ill patients show features of cytokine storm (CS) syndrome. We investigated, by next-generation sequencing, 24 causative genes of primary immunodeficiencies whose defect predisposes to CS. We studied two cohorts with extreme phenotypes of SARS-CoV-2 infection: critical/severe hyperinflammatory patients (H-P) and asymptomatic patients (AM-risk-P) with a high risk (older age) to severe COVID-19. To explore inborn errors of the immunity, we investigated the presence of pathogenic or rare variants, and to identify COVID-19 severity-associated markers, we compared the allele frequencies of common genetic polymorphisms between our two cohorts. We found: 1 H-P carries the likely pathogenic variant c.887-2 A>C in the IRF7 gene and 5 H-P carries variants in the MEFV gene, whose role in the pathogenicity of the familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) disease is controversial. The common polymorphism analysis showed three potential risk biomarkers for developing the hyperinflammatory response: the homozygous haplotype rs1231123A/A-rs1231122A/A in MEFV gene, the IFNAR2 p.Phe8Ser variant, and the CARMIL2 p.Val181Met variant. The combined analysis showed an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19 in patients that had at least one of our genetic risk markers (odds ratio (OR) = 6.2 (95% CI) (2.430-16.20)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Martínez-Pomar
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (V.C.); (M.S.-G.); (J.M.F.B.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (I.L.); (N.T.-P.)
| | - Vanesa Cunill
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (V.C.); (M.S.-G.); (J.M.F.B.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (I.L.); (N.T.-P.)
| | - Marina Segura-Guerrero
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (V.C.); (M.S.-G.); (J.M.F.B.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (I.L.); (N.T.-P.)
| | - Elisabet Pol-Pol
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (V.C.); (M.S.-G.); (J.M.F.B.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (I.L.); (N.T.-P.)
| | - Danilo Escobar Oblitas
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (V.C.); (M.S.-G.); (J.M.F.B.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (I.L.); (N.T.-P.)
| | - Jaime Pons
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (V.C.); (M.S.-G.); (J.M.F.B.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (I.L.); (N.T.-P.)
| | - Ignacio Ayestarán
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (I.L.); (N.T.-P.)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Hospital Universitari Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | | | - Inés Losada
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (I.L.); (N.T.-P.)
- Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Son Llàtzer, 07198 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Nuria Toledo-Pons
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (I.L.); (N.T.-P.)
- Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Mercedes García Gasalla
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (I.L.); (N.T.-P.)
- Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Joana Maria Ferrer Balaguer
- Immunology Department, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain; (V.C.); (M.S.-G.); (J.M.F.B.)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain (I.L.); (N.T.-P.)
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5
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Lévy R, Gothe F, Momenilandi M, Magg T, Materna M, Peters P, Raedler J, Philippot Q, Rack-Hoch AL, Langlais D, Bourgey M, Lanz AL, Ogishi M, Rosain J, Martin E, Latour S, Vladikine N, Distefano M, Khan T, Rapaport F, Schulz MS, Holzer U, Fasth A, Sogkas G, Speckmann C, Troilo A, Bigley V, Roppelt A, Dinur-Schejter Y, Toker O, Bronken Martinsen KH, Sherkat R, Somekh I, Somech R, Shouval DS, Kühl JS, Ip W, McDermott EM, Cliffe L, Ozen A, Baris S, Rangarajan HG, Jouanguy E, Puel A, Bustamante J, Alyanakian MA, Fusaro M, Wang Y, Kong XF, Cobat A, Boutboul D, Castelle M, Aguilar C, Hermine O, Cheminant M, Suarez F, Yildiran A, Bousfiha A, Al-Mousa H, Alsohime F, Cagdas D, Abraham RS, Knutsen AP, Fevang B, Bhattad S, Kiykim A, Erman B, Arikoglu T, Unal E, Kumar A, Geier CB, Baumann U, Neven B, Rohlfs M, Walz C, Abel L, Malissen B, Marr N, Klein C, Casanova JL, Hauck F, Béziat V. Human CARMIL2 deficiency underlies a broader immunological and clinical phenotype than CD28 deficiency. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20220275. [PMID: 36515678 PMCID: PMC9754768 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with inherited CARMIL2 or CD28 deficiency have defective T cell CD28 signaling, but their immunological and clinical phenotypes remain largely unknown. We show that only one of three CARMIL2 isoforms is produced and functional across leukocyte subsets. Tested mutant CARMIL2 alleles from 89 patients and 52 families impair canonical NF-κB but not AP-1 and NFAT activation in T cells stimulated via CD28. Like CD28-deficient patients, CARMIL2-deficient patients display recalcitrant warts and low blood counts of CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells and CD4+ TREGs. Unlike CD28-deficient patients, they have low counts of NK cells and memory B cells, and their antibody responses are weak. CARMIL2 deficiency is fully penetrant by the age of 10 yr and is characterized by numerous infections, EBV+ smooth muscle tumors, and mucocutaneous inflammation, including inflammatory bowel disease. Patients with somatic reversions of a mutant allele in CD4+ T cells have milder phenotypes. Our study suggests that CARMIL2 governs immunological pathways beyond CD28.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Lévy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Pediatric Immunology-Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Florian Gothe
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mana Momenilandi
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Magg
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marie Materna
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Philipp Peters
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Raedler
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anita Lena Rack-Hoch
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - David Langlais
- Dept. of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Bourgey
- Dept. of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anna-Lisa Lanz
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Masato Ogishi
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Martin
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Latour
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Natasha Vladikine
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marco Distefano
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Franck Rapaport
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Marian S. Schulz
- Dept. of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Hospitals University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ursula Holzer
- Children’s Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anders Fasth
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- The Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Georgios Sogkas
- Dept. of Immunology and Rheumatology, Medical School Hannover, Hanover, Germany
| | - Carsten Speckmann
- Dept. of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Institute for Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Arianna Troilo
- Dept. of Rheumatology and CCI for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Division of Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Venetia Bigley
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute and NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anna Roppelt
- Dept. of Immunology, Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yael Dinur-Schejter
- Dept. of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ori Toker
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Roya Sherkat
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ido Somekh
- Dept. of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Raz Somech
- The Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver diseases, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel, and The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dror S. Shouval
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv Israel; The Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children's Hospital, Petach-Tikva, Israel; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Jörn-Sven Kühl
- Dept. of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Hospitals University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Winnie Ip
- Dept. of Immunology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Lucy Cliffe
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ahmet Ozen
- Dept. of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Safa Baris
- Dept. of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hemalatha G. Rangarajan
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Dept. of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | | | - Mathieu Fusaro
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Yi Wang
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Xiao-Fei Kong
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - David Boutboul
- Dept. of Clinical Immunology, AP-HP, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Martin Castelle
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Pediatric Immunology-Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Claire Aguilar
- Necker Pasteur Center for Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Dept. of Clinical Hematology, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Morgane Cheminant
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Dept. of Clinical Hematology, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Felipe Suarez
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Dept. of Clinical Hematology, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Alisan Yildiran
- Dept. of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Ondokuz Mayis University Medical School, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Aziz Bousfiha
- Clinical Immunology, Inflammation and Auto-immunity Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Hamoud Al-Mousa
- Translational Genomics, Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Alsohime
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Dept. of Pediatrics, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Immunology Research Laboratory, Dept. of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deniz Cagdas
- Section of Pediatric Immunology, Hacettepe University, Ihsan Dogramaci Children’s Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Roshini S. Abraham
- Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Alan P. Knutsen
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Cardinal Glennon Children’s Hospital, St. Louis, MO
| | - Borre Fevang
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sagar Bhattad
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Aster CMI Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Ayca Kiykim
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Baran Erman
- Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Can Sucak Research Laboratory for Translational Immunology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tugba Arikoglu
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Unal
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Dept. of Pediatrics, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Dept. of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Christoph B. Geier
- Dept. of Rheumatology and CCI for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Division of Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Baumann
- Dept. of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bénédicte Neven
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- Pediatric Immunology-Hematology and Rheumatology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Meino Rohlfs
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Walz
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Bernard Malissen
- Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix-Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Nico Marr
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Christoph Klein
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Fabian Hauck
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vivien Béziat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
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6
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Vij M, Sivasankaran M, Jayaraman D, Sankaranarayanan S, Kumar V, Munirathnam D, Scott J. CARMIL2 Immunodeficiency with Epstein Barr Virus Associated Smooth Muscle Tumor (EBV-SMT). Report of a Case with Comprehensive Review of Literature. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2022; 41:1023-1034. [PMID: 34738861 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2021.2000533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: Primary immunodeficiency (PID) having defects related to lymphocyte cytotoxic pathway or T-cell dysfunction are well known for developing opportunistic infections and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated diseases. CARMIL2 deficiency is a recently described combined immunodeficiency (CID) disorder characterized by defective CD28-mediated T cell co-stimulation, altered cytoskeletal dynamics, susceptibility to various infections and Epstein Barr Virus smooth muscle tumor (EBV-SMT). Case report: We report a homozygous CARMIL2 pathogenic variant presenting with recurrent infections and EBV associated smooth muscle tumor (SMT) in a child. Conclusion: The present study reports that EBV SMT may occur in a child with CARMIL2 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukul Vij
- Department of Pathology, Dr Rela Institute and Medical Centre, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Meena Sivasankaran
- Paediatric Hematology and Oncology, Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Dhaarani Jayaraman
- Paediatric Hematology and Oncology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | | | - Vimal Kumar
- Department of Paediatric Haematology & Oncology, Dr Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Deenadayalan Munirathnam
- Department of Paediatric Haematology & Oncology, Dr Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Julius Scott
- Paediatric Hematology and Oncology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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7
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Zhang L, Feng X, Shen Y, Wang Y, Liu Z, Ma Y, Gu Y, Guo G, Duan L, Lu L, Liang Y, Lawrence T, Huang R. A novel
ZsGreen
knock‐in melanoma cell line reveals the function of
CD11b
in tumor phagocytosis. Immunol Cell Biol 2022; 100:691-704. [DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lichen Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
| | - Xinyu Feng
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
| | - Yingzhuo Shen
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
| | - Yingbin Wang
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Liu
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
| | - Yuang Ma
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
| | - Yanrong Gu
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
| | - Guo Guo
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
| | - Liangwei Duan
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
| | - Liaoxun Lu
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
| | - Yinming Liang
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
| | - Toby Lawrence
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, Cancer Research UK King's Health Partners Centre, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences King's College London London UK
| | - Rong Huang
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical University Xinxiang China
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8
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Molon B, Liboni C, Viola A. CD28 and chemokine receptors: Signalling amplifiers at the immunological synapse. Front Immunol 2022; 13:938004. [PMID: 35983040 PMCID: PMC9379342 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.938004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells are master regulators of the immune response tuning, among others, B cells, macrophages and NK cells. To exert their functions requiring high sensibility and specificity, T cells need to integrate different stimuli from the surrounding microenvironment. A finely tuned signalling compartmentalization orchestrated in dynamic platforms is an essential requirement for the proper and efficient response of these cells to distinct triggers. During years, several studies have depicted the pivotal role of the cytoskeleton and lipid microdomains in controlling signalling compartmentalization during T cell activation and functions. Here, we discuss mechanisms responsible for signalling amplification and compartmentalization in T cell activation, focusing on the role of CD28, chemokine receptors and the actin cytoskeleton. We also take into account the detrimental effect of mutations carried by distinct signalling proteins giving rise to syndromes characterized by defects in T cell functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Molon
- Pediatric Research Institute “Città della Speranza”, Corso Stati Uniti, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Barbara Molon,
| | - Cristina Liboni
- Pediatric Research Institute “Città della Speranza”, Corso Stati Uniti, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonella Viola
- Pediatric Research Institute “Città della Speranza”, Corso Stati Uniti, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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9
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Yang W, Zhou B, Liu Q, Liu T, Wang H, Zhang P, Lu L, Zhang L, Zhang F, Huang R, Zhou J, Chao T, Gu Y, Lee S, Wang H, Liang Y, He L. A Murine Point Mutation of Sgpl1 Skin Is Enriched With Vγ6 IL17-Producing Cell and Revealed With Hyperpigmentation After Imiquimod Treatment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:728455. [PMID: 35769463 PMCID: PMC9234551 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.728455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase is encoded by the Sgpl1 gene, degrades S1P, and is crucial for S1P homeostasis in animal models and humans. S1P lyase deficient patients suffer from adrenal insufficiency, severe lymphopenia, and skin disorders. In this study, we used random mutagenesis screening to identify a mouse line carrying a missense mutation of Sgpl1 (M467K). This mutation caused similar pathologies as Sgpl1 knock-out mice in multiple organs, but greatly preserved its lifespan, which M467K mutation mice look normal under SPF conditions for over 40 weeks, in contrast, the knock-out mice live no more than 6 weeks. When treated with Imiquimod, Sgpl1M467K mice experienced exacerbated skin inflammation, as revealed by aggravated acanthosis and orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis. We also demonstrated that the IL17a producing Vγ6+ cell was enriched in Sgpl1M467K skin and caused severe pathology after imiquimod treatment. Interestingly, hyperchromic plaque occurred in the mutant mice one month after Imiquimod treatment but not in the controls, which resembled the skin disorder found in Sgpl1 deficient patients. Therefore, our results demonstrate that Sgpl1M467K point mutation mice successfully modeled a human disease after being treated with Imiquimod. We also revealed a major subset of γδT cells in the skin, IL17 secreting Vγ6 T cells were augmented by Sgpl1 deficiency and led to skin pathology. Therefore, we have, for the first time, linked the IL17a and γδT cells to SPL insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Yang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Binhui Zhou
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Laboratory of Mouse Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Taozhen Liu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Huijie Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Liaoxun Lu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Laboratory of Mouse Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lichen Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Fanghui Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- CeleScreen SAS, Paris, France
| | - Rong Huang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jitong Zhou
- Laboratory of Mouse Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Tianzhu Chao
- Laboratory of Mouse Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanrong Gu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | | | - Hui Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Wang, ; Yinming Liang, ; Le He,
| | - Yinming Liang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Laboratory of Mouse Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Wang, ; Yinming Liang, ; Le He,
| | - Le He
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Wang, ; Yinming Liang, ; Le He,
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10
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Han X, Yuan T, Zhang J, Shi Y, Li D, Dong Y, Fan S. FOXO4 peptide targets myofibroblast ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice through ECM-receptor interaction pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3269-3280. [PMID: 35510614 PMCID: PMC9170815 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease with limited treatment options. The incidence and prevalence of PF is increasing with age, cell senescence has been proposed as a pathogenic driver, the clearance of senescent cells could improve lung function in PF. FOXO4-D-Retro-Inverso (FOXO4-DRI), a synthesis peptide, has been reported to selectively kill senescent cells in aged mice. However, it remains unknown if FOXO4-DRI could clear senescent cells in PF and reverse this disease. In this study, we explored the effect of FOXO4-DRI on bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF mouse model. We found that similar as the approved medication Pirfenidone, FOXO4-DRI decreased senescent cells, downregulated the expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and attenuated BLM-induced morphological changes and collagen deposition. Furthermore, FOXO4-DRI could increase the percentage of type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AEC2) and fibroblasts, and decrease the myofibroblasts in bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF mouse model. Compared with mouse and human lung fibroblast cell lines, FOXO4-DRI is inclined to kill TGF-β-induced myofibroblast in vitro. The inhibited effect of FOXO4-DRI on myofibroblast lead to a downregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor interaction pathway in BLM-induced PF. Above all, FOXO4-DRI ameliorates BLM-induced PF in mouse and may be served as a viable therapeutic option for PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation MedicinePeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical ScienceTianjinChina
- Department of Radiation Oncologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Tong Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation MedicinePeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical ScienceTianjinChina
| | - Junling Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation MedicinePeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical ScienceTianjinChina
| | - Yonggang Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Deguan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation MedicinePeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical ScienceTianjinChina
| | - Yinping Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation MedicinePeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical ScienceTianjinChina
| | - Saijun Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear MedicineInstitute of Radiation MedicinePeking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical ScienceTianjinChina
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11
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Jung G, Pan M, Alexander C, Jin T, Hammer JA. Dual regulation of the actin cytoskeleton by CARMIL-GAP. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:275754. [PMID: 35583107 PMCID: PMC9270954 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Capping protein Arp2/3 myosin I linker (CARMIL) proteins are multi-domain scaffold proteins that regulate actin dynamics by regulating the activity of capping protein (CP). Here, we characterize CARMIL-GAP (GAP for GTPase-activating protein), a Dictyostelium CARMIL isoform that contains a ∼130 residue insert that, by homology, confers GTPase-activating properties for Rho-related GTPases. Consistent with this idea, this GAP domain binds Dictyostelium Rac1a and accelerates its rate of GTP hydrolysis. CARMIL-GAP concentrates with F-actin in phagocytic cups and at the leading edge of chemotaxing cells, and CARMIL-GAP-null cells exhibit pronounced defects in phagocytosis and chemotactic streaming. Importantly, these defects are fully rescued by expressing GFP-tagged CARMIL-GAP in CARMIL-GAP-null cells. Finally, rescue with versions of CARMIL-GAP that lack either GAP activity or the ability to regulate CP show that, although both activities contribute significantly to CARMIL-GAP function, the GAP activity plays the bigger role. Together, our results add to the growing evidence that CARMIL proteins influence actin dynamics by regulating signaling molecules as well as CP, and that the continuous cycling of the nucleotide state of Rho GTPases is often required to drive Rho-dependent biological processes. Summary:Dictyostelium CARMIL-GAP supports phagocytosis and chemotaxis by regulating both capping protein and Rac1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goeh Jung
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, USA
| | - Miao Pan
- Chemotaxis Signal Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, USA
| | - Chris Alexander
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, USA
| | - Tian Jin
- Chemotaxis Signal Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, USA
| | - John A Hammer
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, USA
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12
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION As the prevalence of food allergies (FA) increases worldwide, our understanding of its pathophysiology and risk factors is markedly expanding. In the past decades, an increasing number of genes have been linked to FA. Identification of such genes may help in predicting the genetic risk for FA development, age of onset, clinical manifestation, causative allergen(s), and possibly the optimal treatment strategies. Furthermore, identification of these genetic factors can help to understand the complex interactions between genes and the environment in predisposition to FA. AREAS COVERED We outline the recent important progress in determining genetic variants and disease-associated genes in IgE-mediated FA. We focused on the monogenic inborn errors of immunity (IEI) where FA is one of the clinical manifestations, emphasizing the genes and gene variants which were linked to FA with some of the most robust evidence. EXPERT OPINION Genetics play a significant role, either directly or along with environmental factors, in the development of FA. Since FA is a multifactorial disease, it is expected that multiple genes and genetic loci contribute to the risk for its development. Identification of the involved genes should contribute to the area of FA regarding pathogenesis, prediction, recognition, prognosis, prevention, and possibly therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesim Demirdag
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Sami Bahna
- Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine University of California, Irvine, CA
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13
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Kolukisa B, Baser D, Akcam B, Danielson J, Eltan SB, Haliloglu Y, Sefer AP, Babayeva R, Akgun G, Charbonnier LM, Schmitz-Abe K, Demirkol YK, Zhang Y, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Heredia RJ, Kasap N, Kiykim A, Yucel EO, Gok V, Unal E, Kisaarslan AP, Nepesov S, Baysoy G, Onal Z, Yesil G, Celkan TT, Cokugras H, Camcioglu Y, Eken A, Boztug K, Lo B, Karakoc-Aydiner E, Su HC, Ozen A, Chatila TA, Baris S. Evolution and long-term outcomes of combined immunodeficiency due to CARMIL2 deficiency. Allergy 2022; 77:1004-1019. [PMID: 34287962 PMCID: PMC9976932 DOI: 10.1111/all.15010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biallelic loss-of-function mutations in CARMIL2 cause combined immunodeficiency associated with dermatitis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and EBV-related smooth muscle tumors. Clinical and immunological characterizations of the disease with long-term follow-up and treatment options have not been previously reported in large cohorts. We sought to determine the clinical and immunological features of CARMIL2 deficiency and long-term efficacy of treatment in controlling different disease manifestations. METHODS The presenting phenotypes, long-term outcomes, and treatment responses were evaluated prospectively in 15 CARMIL2-deficient patients, including 13 novel cases. Lymphocyte subpopulations, protein expression, regulatory T (Treg), and circulating T follicular helper (cTFH ) cells were analyzed. Three-dimensional (3D) migration assay was performed to determine T-cell shape. RESULTS Mean age at disease onset was 38 ± 23 months. Main clinical features were skin manifestations (n = 14, 93%), failure to thrive (n = 10, 67%), recurrent infections (n = 10, 67%), allergic symptoms (n = 8, 53%), chronic diarrhea (n = 4, 27%), and EBV-related leiomyoma (n = 2, 13%). Skin manifestations ranged from atopic and seborrheic dermatitis to psoriasiform rash. Patients had reduced proportions of memory CD4+ T cells, Treg, and cTFH cells. Memory B and NK cells were also decreased. CARMIL2-deficient T cells exhibited reduced T-cell proliferation and cytokine production following CD28 co-stimulation and normal morphology when migrating in a high-density 3D collagen gel matrix. IBD was the most severe clinical manifestation, leading to growth retardation, requiring multiple interventional treatments. All patients were alive with a median follow-up of 10.8 years (range: 3-17 years). CONCLUSION This cohort provides clinical and immunological features and long-term follow-up of different manifestations of CARMIL2 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Kolukisa
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Allergy
and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey,Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for
Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey,The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational
Medicine
| | - Dilek Baser
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Allergy
and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey,Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for
Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey,The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational
Medicine
| | - Bengu Akcam
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Allergy
and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey,Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for
Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey,The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational
Medicine
| | - Jeffrey Danielson
- Human Immunological Diseases Section, Laboratory of
Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA,Clinical Genomics Program, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD,
USA
| | - Sevgi Bilgic Eltan
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Allergy
and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey,Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for
Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey,The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational
Medicine
| | - Yesim Haliloglu
- Erciyes University School of Medicine, Department of
Medical Biology, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Asena Pinar Sefer
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Allergy
and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey,Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for
Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey,The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational
Medicine
| | - Royale Babayeva
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Allergy
and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey,Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for
Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey,The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational
Medicine
| | - Gamze Akgun
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Allergy
and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey,Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for
Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey,The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational
Medicine
| | - Louis-Marie Charbonnier
- Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of
Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Division of Immunology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Klaus Schmitz-Abe
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Division of Immunology
and Newborn Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yasemin Kendir Demirkol
- Genomic Laboratory (GLAB), Umraniye Teaching and Research
Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yu Zhang
- Human Immunological Diseases Section, Laboratory of
Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA,Clinical Genomics Program, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD,
USA
| | | | - Raul Jimenez Heredia
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed
Diseases, Vienna, Austria,St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute
(CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Nurhan Kasap
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Allergy
and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey,Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for
Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey,The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational
Medicine
| | - Ayca Kiykim
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Medicine,
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Ozek Yucel
- Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine,
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Veysel Gok
- Erciyes University School of Medicine, Pediatric
Hematology and Oncology, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Unal
- Erciyes University School of Medicine, Pediatric
Hematology and Oncology, Kayseri, Turkey
| | | | - Serdar Nepesov
- Medipol University Medical Faculty, Department of
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Baysoy
- Medipol University Medical Faculty, Department of
Pediatric Gastroenterology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zerrin Onal
- Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine,
Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Istanbul,
Turkey
| | - Gozde Yesil
- Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine,
Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tulin Tiraje Celkan
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Medicine,
Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Haluk Cokugras
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Medicine,
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yildiz Camcioglu
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Medicine,
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Eken
- Erciyes University School of Medicine, Department of
Medical Biology, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Kaan Boztug
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed
Diseases, Vienna, Austria,St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute
(CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernice Lo
- Sidra Medicine, Research Branch, Division of
Translational Medicine, Doha, Qatar,College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa
University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Elif Karakoc-Aydiner
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Allergy
and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey,Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for
Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey,The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational
Medicine
| | - Helen C. Su
- Human Immunological Diseases Section, Laboratory of
Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA,Clinical Genomics Program, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD,
USA
| | - Ahmet Ozen
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Allergy
and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey,Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for
Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey,The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational
Medicine
| | - Talal A. Chatila
- Boston Children’s Hospital and Department of
Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Division of Immunology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Safa Baris
- Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Allergy
and Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey,Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for
Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey,The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational
Medicine
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14
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Zhu Y, Ye L, Huang H, Xu X, Liu Y, Wang J, Jin Y. Case report: Primary immunodeficiency due to a novel mutation in CARMIL2 and its response to combined immunomodulatory therapy. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1042302. [PMID: 36727012 PMCID: PMC9884805 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1042302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Capping protein regulator and myosin 1 linker 2 (CARMIL2) is necessary for invadopodia formation, cell polarity, lamellipodial assembly, membrane ruffling, acropinocytosis, and collective cell migration. CARMIL2 deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by dysfunction in naïve T-cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, and effector function and insufficient responses in T-cell memory. In this paper, we report a 9-year-old female patient with a novel pathogenic variant in CARMIL2 (c.2063C > G:p.Thr688Arg) who presented with various symptoms of primary immunodeficiencies including recurrent upper and lower respiratory infections, perioral and perineum papules, reddish impetiginized atopic dermatitis, oral ulcer, painful urination and vaginitis, otitis media, and failure to thrive. A missense mutation leading to insufficient CARMIL2 protein expression, reduced absolute T-cell and natural killer cell (NK cell) counts, and marked skewing to the naïve T-cell form was identified and indicated defective maturation of T cells and B cells. Following 1 year of multitargeted treatment with corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine, mycophenolate mofetil, and thymosin, the patient presented with significant regression in rashes. CD4+ T-cell, CD8+ T-cell, and NK cell counts were significantly improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Ye
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemei Xu
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanliang Jin
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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15
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CD38 Correlates with an Immunosuppressive Treg Phenotype in Lupus-Prone Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111977. [PMID: 34769406 PMCID: PMC8584421 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CD38 is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by T-cells. It has been reported that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) showed increased CD38+CD25+ T-cells correlating with immune activation and clinical signs. Contrariwise, CD38 deficiency in murine models has shown enhanced autoimmunity development. Recent studies have suggested that CD38+ regulatory T-cells are more suppressive than CD38− regulatory T-cells. Thus, we have suggested that CD38 overexpression in SLE patients could play a role in regulating immune activation cells instead of enhancing it. This study found a correlation between CD38 with FoxP3 expression and immunosuppressive molecules (CD69, IL-10, CTLA-4, and PD-1) in T-cells from lupus-prone mice (B6.MRL-Faslpr/J). Additionally, B6.MRL-Faslpr/J mice showed a decreased proportion of CD38+ Treg cells regarding wild-type mice (WT). Furthermore, Regulatory T-Cells (Treg cells) from CD38-/- mice showed impairment in expressing immunosuppressive molecules and proliferation after stimulation through the T-cell receptor (TCR). Finally, we demonstrated an increased ratio of IFN-γ/IL-10 secretion in CD38-/- splenocytes stimulated with anti-CD3 compared with the WT. Altogether, our data suggest that CD38 represents an element in maintaining activated and proliferative Treg cells. Consequently, CD38 could have a crucial role in immune tolerance, preventing SLE development through Treg cells.
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16
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Béziat V, Casanova JL, Jouanguy E. Human genetic and immunological dissection of papillomavirus-driven diseases: new insights into their pathogenesis. Curr Opin Virol 2021; 51:9-15. [PMID: 34555675 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are responsible for cutaneous and mucosal lesions. Persistent HPV infection remains a leading cause of uterine cancer in women, but also of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in patients with epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV), and of rare and devastating benign tumors, such as 'tree-man' syndrome. HPV infections are usually asymptomatic or benign in the general population. Severe manifestations in otherwise healthy subjects can attest to inherited immunodeficiencies. The human genetic dissection of these cases has identified critical components of the immune response to HPVs, including the non-redundant roles of keratinocyte-intrinsic immunity in controlling β-HPVs, and of T cell-dependent adaptive immunity for controlling all HPV types. A key role of the CD28 T-cell costimulation pathway in controlling common warts due to HPVs was recently discovered. This review summarizes the state of the art in the human genetics of HPV infection, focusing on two key affected cell types: keratinocytes and T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Béziat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR-1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, USA.
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR-1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR-1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France; St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, USA
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17
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Wang Q, Zhou D, Wu F, Liang Q, He Q, Peng M, Yao T, Hu Y, Qian B, Tang J, Wang X, Liu W, Yu F, Chen C. Immune Microenvironment Signatures as Biomarkers to Predict Early Recurrence of Stage Ia-b Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:680287. [PMID: 34395248 PMCID: PMC8356052 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.680287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Approximately 30% of patients diagnosed with stage Ia-b NSCLC die of recurrent disease after surgery. This study aimed to identify immune-related biomarkers that might predict tumor recurrence in stage Ia-b NSCLC within 40 months after curative resection. Methods Gene expression data of stage Ia-b NSCLC samples was retrieved from the TCGA database, the GEO databases, and the Second Xiangya hospital (XXEYY) database. 22 types of tumors infiltrating immune cells and the expression of immune-associated genes were investigated using CIBERSORT, immunohistochemical staining, and GSEA analyses in a total of 450 patients (80 in the training cohort and 370 in the validation cohorts). Recurrence-related immune features were selected based on the LASSO Cox regression model. Results High density of Tregs, Macrophages M0 and M1 cell could be observed in recurrence group while the memory B cell was more frequently enriched in controls, yet Tregs alone was significantly associated with tumor early recurrence in TCGA cohort, XYEYY cohort and GSE37745 dataset. A handful of immune-related genes were identified in the recurrence group. Based on Lasso regression analysis, the expressions of five immune-related genes, RLTPR, SLFN13, MIR4500HG, HYDIN and TPRG1 were closely correlated with tumor early recurrence. In the training cohort (TCGA), the combination of these five genes has sensitivity and specificity of 85% and 85%, with AUC of 0.91 (95% CI 0.84-0.98) for lung cancer early recurrence prediction, whereas in validation cohorts, the sensitivity and specificity using this panel was 61-89% and 54-82%, with AUC of 0.62-0.84. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that the immune microenvironment signatures were closely related to tumor early recurrence. Compared to tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, the expression of five immune-related genes could be robust biomarkers to predict early recurrence of stage Ia-b NSCLC after curative resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Lung Cancer, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Danting Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Lung Cancer, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qingchun Liang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Muyun Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Lung Cancer, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tianyu Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Lung Cancer, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Lung Cancer, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Banglun Qian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Lung Cancer, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingqun Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Lung Cancer, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Lung Cancer, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenliang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Lung Cancer, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fenglei Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Lung Cancer, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precise Treatment of Lung Cancer, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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18
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Dupré L, Boztug K, Pfajfer L. Actin Dynamics at the T Cell Synapse as Revealed by Immune-Related Actinopathies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:665519. [PMID: 34249918 PMCID: PMC8266300 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.665519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton is composed of dynamic filament networks that build adaptable local architectures to sustain nearly all cellular activities in response to a myriad of stimuli. Although the function of numerous players that tune actin remodeling is known, the coordinated molecular orchestration of the actin cytoskeleton to guide cellular decisions is still ill defined. T lymphocytes provide a prototypical example of how a complex program of actin cytoskeleton remodeling sustains the spatio-temporal control of key cellular activities, namely antigen scanning and sensing, as well as polarized delivery of effector molecules, via the immunological synapse. We here review the unique knowledge on actin dynamics at the T lymphocyte synapse gained through the study of primary immunodeficiences caused by mutations in genes encoding actin regulatory proteins. Beyond the specific roles of individual actin remodelers, we further develop the view that these operate in a coordinated manner and are an integral part of multiple signaling pathways in T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Dupré
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases (LBI-RUD), Vienna, Austria.,Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (INFINITy), INSERM, CNRS, Toulouse III Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Kaan Boztug
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases (LBI-RUD), Vienna, Austria.,St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria.,CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,St. Anna Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laurène Pfajfer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases (LBI-RUD), Vienna, Austria.,Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases (INFINITy), INSERM, CNRS, Toulouse III Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France.,St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
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19
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Bosa L, Batura V, Colavito D, Fiedler K, Gaio P, Guo C, Li Q, Marzollo A, Mescoli C, Nambu R, Pan J, Perilongo G, Warner N, Zhang S, Kotlarz D, Klein C, Snapper SB, Walters TD, Leon A, Griffiths AM, Cananzi M, Muise AM. Novel CARMIL2 loss-of-function variants are associated with pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5945. [PMID: 33723309 PMCID: PMC7960730 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85399-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
CARMIL2 is required for CD28-mediated co-stimulation of NF-κB signaling in T cells and its deficiency has been associated with primary immunodeficiency and, recently, very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here we describe the identification of novel biallelic CARMIL2 variants in three patients presenting with pediatric-onset IBD and in one with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (APS). None manifested overt clinical signs of immunodeficiency before their diagnosis. The first patient presented with very early onset IBD. His brother was found homozygous for the same CARMIL2 null variant and diagnosed with APS. Two other IBD patients were found homozygous for a nonsense and a missense CARMIL2 variant, respectively, and they both experienced a complicated postoperative course marked by severe infections. Immunostaining of bowel biopsies showed reduced CARMIL2 expression in all the three patients with IBD. Western blot and immunofluorescence of transfected cells revealed an altered expression pattern of the missense variant. Our work expands the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of CARMIL2 deficiency, which can present with either IBD or APS, aside from classic immunodeficiency manifestations. CARMIL2 should be included in the diagnostic work-up of patients with suspected monogenic IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Bosa
- Department of Woman's and Child's Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Vritika Batura
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Davide Colavito
- Research & Innovation (R&I Genetics) Srl, C.so Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padua, Italy
| | - Karoline Fiedler
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Paola Gaio
- Department of Woman's and Child's Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Conghui Guo
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Qi Li
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Antonio Marzollo
- Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant Division, Padova University Hospital, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Fondazione Città della Speranza, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, 35127, Padua, Italy
| | - Claudia Mescoli
- Department of Medicine, Padova University Hospital, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Ryusuke Nambu
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saitama Children's Medical Center, 1-2 Shintoshin, Chuo-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8777, Japan
| | - Jie Pan
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Giorgio Perilongo
- Department of Woman's and Child's Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Neil Warner
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Shiqi Zhang
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Daniel Kotlarz
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Klein
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Scott B Snapper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas D Walters
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G1X8, Canada
| | - Alberta Leon
- Research & Innovation (R&I Genetics) Srl, C.so Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padua, Italy
| | - Anne M Griffiths
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G1X8, Canada
| | - Mara Cananzi
- Department of Woman's and Child's Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Aleixo M Muise
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G1X8, Canada.
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G0A4, Canada.
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20
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Loss of natural resistance to schistosome in T cell deficient rat. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008909. [PMID: 33347431 PMCID: PMC7785244 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is among the major neglected tropical diseases and effective prevention by boosting the immune system is still not available. T cells are key cellular components governing adaptive immune response to various infections. While common laboratory mice, such as C57BL/6, are highly susceptible to schistosomiasis, the SD rats are extremely resistant. However, whether adaptive immunity is necessary for such natural resistance to schistosomiasis in rats remains to be determined. Therefore, it is necessary to establish genetic model deficient in T cells and adaptive immunity on the resistant SD background, and to characterize liver pathology during schistosomiasis. In this study we compared experimental schistosomiasis in highly susceptible C57BL/6 (B6) mice and in resistant SD rats, using cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum. We observed a marked T cell expansion in the spleen of infected B6 mice, but not resistant SD rats. Interestingly, CD3e−/− B6 mice in which T cells are completely absent, the infectious burden of adult worms was significantly higher than that in WT mice, suggesting an anti-parasitic role for T cells in B6 mice during schistosome infection. In further experiments, we established Lck deficient SD rats by using CRISPR/Cas9 in which T cell development was completely abolished. Strikingly, we found that such Lck deficiency in SD rats severely impaired their natural resistance to schistosome infection, and fostered parasite growth. Together with an additional genetic model deficient in T cells, the CD3e−/− SD rats, we confirmed the absence of T cell resulted in loss of natural resistance to schistosome infection, but also mitigated liver immunopathology. Our further experiments showed that regulatory T cell differentiation in infected SD rats was significantly decreased during schistosomiasis, in contrast to significant increase of regulatory T cells in infected B6 mice. These data suggest that T cell mediated immune tolerance facilitates persistent infection in mice but not in SD rats. The demonstration of an important role for T cells in natural resistance of SD rats to schistosomiasis provides experimental evidences supporting the rationale to boost T cell responses in humans to prevent and treat schistosomiasis. Schistosomiasis is among the major neglected tropical diseases and affects mainly the developing countries. Although the role of the immune system in driving immunopathology in schistosomiasis has been extensively studied, how adaptive immunity contributes to disease resistance during schistosome infection is still not completely understood. Most livestock species as well as humans are susceptible to schistosomiasis, while some mammals are extremely resistant. The common laboratory C57BL/6 mice are highly susceptible to schistosomiasis; however, the SD rats are extremely resistant. In this study, we first used T cell deficient CD3e−/− C57BL/6 mice and experimental Schistosoma japonicum infection and further established novel T cell deficient models in SD rats to assess anti-parasite roles of T cells. Strikingly, we found that the natural resistance of SD rat to schistosomiasis was abolished in the absence of T cells, despite the fact that the liver pathology was mitigated following infection. Therefore, our study presented experimental support for the rationale to boost T cell function for clearance of schistosome parasites.
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21
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Zhao N, Dong W, Kim H, Moallemian R, Lv J, Wang H, Zheng H, Wei F, Ma X. Capping protein regulator and myosin 1 linker 3 regulates transcription of key cytokines in activated phagocytic cells. Cell Signal 2020; 78:109848. [PMID: 33246003 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We have recently reported that capping protein regulator and myosin 1 linker 3 (CARMIL3), first identified as an oncofetal-like gene, is required for metastasis of breast and prostate cancer cells via regulating the actin cytoskeletal dynamics near the plasma membrane. Here, we demonstrate a novel function of CARMIL3 as an essential regulator of the transcription of several key proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages engulfing apoptotic cells and/or exposed to lipopolysaccharides (LPS). CARMIL3-deficient macrophages expressed strongly abrogated levels of interleukin (IL)-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-23 in response to LPS, whereas IL-10 expression was enhanced. An RNA-seq analysis of CARMIL3-deficient and wild-type (WT) RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS revealed many differentially expressed genes, impacting several important inflammatory pathways. At the molecular level, CARMIL3 deficiency caused a strong impairment in LPS-activated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling with decreased IKKα/β and IκBα phosphorylation and severely reduced p65 protein levels. This study uncovers a crucial role of CARMIL3 in impacting the balance between inflammation and tissue homeostasis via regulating major cytokines production in phagocytic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wenjuan Dong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hajeong Kim
- Department of Physiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Rezvan Moallemian
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiyang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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22
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Uchida Y, Yoshimitsu M, Hachiman M, Kusano S, Arima N, Shima K, Hayashida M, Kamada Y, Nakamura D, Arai A, Tanaka Y, Hara H, Ishitsuka K. RLTPR Q575E: A novel recurrent gain-of-function mutation in patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Eur J Haematol 2020; 106:221-229. [PMID: 33098696 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an intractable T-cell malignancy caused by long-term infection with human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1). While ATL pathogenesis has been associated with HTLV-1-derived oncogenic proteins, including Tax and HBZ, the contribution of genomic aberrations remains poorly defined. METHODS To elucidate the genomic basis of ATL, whole exome sequencing was performed on cells from 47 patients with aggressive ATL. RESULTS We discovered the novel mutation RLTPR Q575E in four patients (8.5%) with a median variant allele frequency of 0.52 (range 0.11-0.68). Despite being reported in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, three ATL patients carrying RLTPR Q575E lacked skin involvement. Patients carrying RLTPR Q575E also harbored CARD11 (75%), PLCG1 (25%), PRKCB (25%), or IKBKB (25%) mutations related to TCR/NF-κB signaling. Jurkat cells transfected with RLTPR Q575E cDNA displayed increased NF-κB activity and significantly increased IL-2 mRNA levels under stimulation. RLTPR Q575E increased the interaction between RLTPR and CARD11, while RLTPR directly interacted with Tax. CONCLUSIONS We identified, and functionally validated, a novel gain-of-function mutation in patients with aggressive ATL. During TCR activation by Tax or gain-of-function mutations, RLTPR Q575E selectively upregulates NF-κB signaling and may exert oncogenic effects on ATL pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Uchida
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Makoto Yoshimitsu
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Miho Hachiman
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kusano
- Division of Biological Information Technology, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Naosuke Arima
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kodai Shima
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Maiko Hayashida
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuhei Kamada
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakamura
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihiko Arai
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuetsu Tanaka
- Laboratory of Hematoimmunology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Hara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishitsuka
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
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23
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Yonkof JR, Gupta A, Rueda CM, Mangray S, Prince BT, Rangarajan HG, Alshahrani M, Varga E, Cripe TP, Abraham RS. A Novel Pathogenic Variant in CARMIL2 ( RLTPR) Causing CARMIL2 Deficiency and EBV-Associated Smooth Muscle Tumors. Front Immunol 2020; 11:884. [PMID: 32625199 PMCID: PMC7314954 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CARMIL2 deficiency is a rare combined immunodeficiency (CID) characterized by defective CD28-mediated T cell co-stimulation, altered cytoskeletal dynamics, and susceptibility to Epstein Barr Virus smooth muscle tumors (EBV-SMTs). Case reports associated with EBV-SMTs are limited. We describe herein a novel homozygous CARMIL2 variant (c.1364_1393del) in two Saudi Arabian male siblings born to consanguineous parents who developed EBV-SMTs. CARMIL2 protein expression was significantly reduced in CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells. T cell proliferation on stimulation with soluble (s) anti-CD3 or (s) anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28 antibodies was close to absent in the proband, confirming altered CD28-mediated co-signaling. CD28 expression was substantially reduced in the proband's T cells, and was diminished to a lesser degree in the T cells of the younger sibling, who has a milder clinical phenotype. Defects in both T and B cell compartments were observed, including absent central memory CD8+ T cells, and decreased frequencies of total and class-switched memory B cells. FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) were also quantitatively decreased, and furthermore CD25 expression within the Treg subset was substantially reduced. These data confirm the pathogenicity of this novel loss-of-function (LOF) variant in CARMIL2 and expand the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of CIDs associated with EBV-SMTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Yonkof
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ajay Gupta
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplant, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Cesar M Rueda
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Shamlal Mangray
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Benjamin T Prince
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Hemalatha G Rangarajan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Mohammad Alshahrani
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Riyadh Military Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elizabeth Varga
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplant, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Timothy P Cripe
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplant, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Roshini S Abraham
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
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24
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Shamriz O, Simon AJ, Lev A, Megged O, Ledder O, Picard E, Joseph L, Molho-Pessach V, Tal Y, Millman P, Slae M, Somech R, Toker O, Berger M. Exogenous interleukin-2 can rescue in-vitro T cell activation and proliferation in patients with a novel capping protein regulator and myosin 1 linker 2 mutation. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 200:215-227. [PMID: 32201938 PMCID: PMC7232008 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Capping protein regulator and myosin 1 linker 2 (CARMIL2) deficiency is characterized by impaired T cell activation, which is attributed to defective CD28-mediated co-signaling. Herein, we aimed to analyze the effect of exogenous interleukin (IL)-2 on in-vitro T cell activation and proliferation in a family with CARMIL2 deficiency. This study included four children (one male and three females; aged 2·5-10 years at presentation). The patients presented with inflammatory bowel disease and recurrent viral infections. Genetic analysis revealed a novel homozygous 25-base pairs deletion in CARMIL2. Immunoblotting demonstrated the absence of CARMIL2 protein in all four patients and confirmed the diagnosis of CARMIL2 deficiency. T cells were activated in-vitro with the addition of IL-2 in different concentrations. CD25 and interferon (IFN)-γ levels were measured after 48 h and 5 days of activation. CD25 surface expression on activated CD8+ and CD4+ T cells was significantly diminished in all patients compared to healthy controls. Additionally, CD8+ T cells from all patients demonstrated significantly reduced IFN-γ production. When cells derived from CARMIL2-deficient patients were treated with IL-2, CD25 and IFN-γ production increased in a dose-dependent manner. T cell proliferation, as measured by Cell Trace Violet, was impaired in one patient and it was also rescued with IL-2. In conclusion, we found that IL-2 rescued T cell activation and proliferation in CARMIL2-deficient patients. Thus, IL-2 should be further studied as a potential therapeutic modality for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Shamriz
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer ResearchInstitute of Medical Research Israel‐CanadaHebrew University‐Hadassah Medical SchoolJerusalemIsrael
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology UnitDepartment of MedicineHadassah‐Hebrew University Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - A. J. Simon
- Sheba Cancer Research Center and Institute of HematologySheba Medical CenterTel HaShomerRamat‐GanIsrael
| | - A. Lev
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
- Pediatric Department A and Immunology ServiceJeffrey Modell Foundation CenterEdmond and Lily Safra Children’s HospitalSheba Medical CenterAffiliated with Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - O. Megged
- Pediatric Infectious diseases UnitShaare Zedek Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - O. Ledder
- Juliet Keidan Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShaare Zedek Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - E. Picard
- Pediatric pulmonology UnitShaare Zedek Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - L. Joseph
- Pediatric pulmonology UnitShaare Zedek Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - V. Molho-Pessach
- Department of DermatologyHadassah‐Hebrew University Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - Y. Tal
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology UnitDepartment of MedicineHadassah‐Hebrew University Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - P. Millman
- Pediatric Gastroenterology UnitHadassah‐Hebrew University Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - M. Slae
- Pediatric Gastroenterology UnitHadassah‐Hebrew University Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - R. Somech
- Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
- Pediatric Department A and Immunology ServiceJeffrey Modell Foundation CenterEdmond and Lily Safra Children’s HospitalSheba Medical CenterAffiliated with Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - O. Toker
- Faculty of MedicineHebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology UnitShaare Zedek Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - M. Berger
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer ResearchInstitute of Medical Research Israel‐CanadaHebrew University‐Hadassah Medical SchoolJerusalemIsrael
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25
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Saeed MB, Record J, Westerberg LS. Two sides of the coin: Cytoskeletal regulation of immune synapses in cancer and primary immune deficiencies. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 356:1-97. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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26
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Thauland TJ, Khan HA, Butte MJ. The Actin-Capping Protein Alpha-Adducin Is Required for T-Cell Costimulation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2706. [PMID: 31824498 PMCID: PMC6879651 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-adducin (Add1) is a critical component of the actin-spectrin network in erythrocytes, acting to cap the fast-growing, barbed ends of actin filaments, and recruiting spectrin to these junctions. Add1 is highly expressed in T cells, but its role in T-cell activation has not been examined. Using a conditional knockout model, we show that Add1 is necessary for complete activation of CD4+ T cells in response to low levels of antigen but is dispensable for CD8+ T cell activation and response to infection. Surprisingly, costimulatory signals through CD28 were completely abrogated in the absence of Add1. This study is the first to examine the role of actin-capping in T cells, and it reveals a previously unappreciated role for the actin cytoskeleton in regulating costimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manish J. Butte
- Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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27
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Wang H, Wang C, Peng G, Yu D, Cui XG, Sun YH, Ma X. Capping Protein Regulator and Myosin 1 Linker 3 Is Required for Tumor Metastasis. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 18:240-252. [PMID: 31694931 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Peng
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Doudou Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Gang Cui
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Gongli Hospital, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital (Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital), Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Hao Sun
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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28
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Magg T, Shcherbina A, Arslan D, Desai MM, Wall S, Mitsialis V, Conca R, Unal E, Karacabey N, Mukhina A, Rodina Y, Taur PD, Illig D, Marquardt B, Hollizeck S, Jeske T, Gothe F, Schober T, Rohlfs M, Koletzko S, Lurz E, Muise AM, Snapper SB, Hauck F, Klein C, Kotlarz D. CARMIL2 Deficiency Presenting as Very Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2019; 25:1788-1795. [PMID: 31115454 PMCID: PMC6799948 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izz103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with very early onset inflammatory bowel diseases (VEO-IBD) often have a refractory and severe disease course. A significant number of described VEO-IBD-causing monogenic disorders can be attributed to defects in immune-related genes. The diagnosis of the underlying primary immunodeficiency (PID) often has critical implications for the treatment of patients with IBD-like phenotypes. METHODS To identify the molecular etiology in 5 patients from 3 unrelated kindred with IBD-like symptoms, we conducted whole exome sequencing. Immune workup confirmed an underlying PID. RESULTS Whole exome sequencing revealed 3 novel CARMIL2 loss-of-function mutations in our patients. Immunophenotyping of peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed reduction of regulatory and effector memory T cells and impaired B cell class switching. The T cell proliferation and activation assays confirmed defective responses to CD28 costimulation, consistent with CARMIL2 deficiency. CONCLUSION Our study highlights that human CARMIL2 deficiency can manifest with IBD-like symptoms. This example illustrates that early diagnosis of underlying PID is crucial for the treatment and prognosis of children with VEO-IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Magg
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Shcherbina
- Institute of Hematology, Immunology and Cell Technologies, National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Duran Arslan
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Melikgazi, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mukesh M Desai
- Bai Jerbai Wadia Children Hospital, Mumbai, Parel, India
| | - Sarah Wall
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Vanessa Mitsialis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raffaele Conca
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ekrem Unal
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology & HSCT Unit, Erciyes University, Melikgazi, Kayseri, Turkey,Molecular Biology and Genetic Department, Gevher Nesibe Genom and Stem Cell Institution, Genome and Stem Cell Center (GENKOK), Erciyes University, Melikgazi, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Karacabey
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Melikgazi, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Anna Mukhina
- Institute of Hematology, Immunology and Cell Technologies, National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia Rodina
- Institute of Hematology, Immunology and Cell Technologies, National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology named after Dmitry Rogachev, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Prasad D Taur
- Bai Jerbai Wadia Children Hospital, Mumbai, Parel, India
| | - David Illig
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Marquardt
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hollizeck
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tim Jeske
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Gothe
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tilmann Schober
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Meino Rohlfs
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sibylle Koletzko
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany,VEO-IBD Consortium, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Eberhard Lurz
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Aleixo M Muise
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Biochemistry University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,VEO-IBD Consortium, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Scott B Snapper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA,Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,VEO-IBD Consortium, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian Hauck
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Klein
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany,VEO-IBD Consortium, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Kotlarz
- Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany,VEO-IBD Consortium, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany,Address correspondence to: Daniel Kotlarz, MD, PhD Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Lindwurmstrasse, 4 D-80337 Munich, Germany. E-mail:
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29
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Clark DJ, McMillan LE, Tan SL, Bellomo G, Massoue C, Thompson H, Mykhaylechko L, Alibhai D, Ruan X, Singleton KL, Du M, Hedges A, Schwartzberg PL, Verkade P, Murphy RF, Wülfing C. Transient protein accumulation at the center of the T cell antigen-presenting cell interface drives efficient IL-2 secretion. eLife 2019; 8:e45789. [PMID: 31663508 PMCID: PMC6821493 DOI: 10.7554/elife.45789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular signaling assemblies are of interest for their unique signaling properties. A µm scale signaling assembly, the central supramolecular signaling cluster (cSMAC), forms at the center of the interface of T cells activated by antigen-presenting cells. We have determined that it is composed of multiple complexes of a supramolecular volume of up to 0.5 µm3 and associated with extensive membrane undulations. To determine cSMAC function, we have systematically manipulated the localization of three adaptor proteins, LAT, SLP-76, and Grb2. cSMAC localization varied between the adaptors and was diminished upon blockade of the costimulatory receptor CD28 and deficiency of the signal amplifying kinase Itk. Reconstitution of cSMAC localization restored IL-2 secretion which is a key T cell effector function as dependent on reconstitution dynamics. Our data suggest that the cSMAC enhances early signaling by facilitating signaling interactions and attenuates signaling thereafter through sequestration of a more limited set of signaling intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle J Clark
- School of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Laura E McMillan
- School of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Sin Lih Tan
- School of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Gaia Bellomo
- School of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Clementine Massoue
- School of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Harry Thompson
- School of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Lidiya Mykhaylechko
- School of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Dominic Alibhai
- School of BiochemistryUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Xiongtao Ruan
- Computational Biology Department, School of Computer ScienceCarnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghUnited States
| | - Kentner L Singleton
- Department of ImmunologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasUnited States
| | - Minna Du
- Department of ImmunologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasUnited States
| | - Alan Hedges
- School of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Pamela L Schwartzberg
- Genetic Disease Research BranchNational Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - Paul Verkade
- School of BiochemistryUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Robert F Murphy
- Computational Biology Department, School of Computer ScienceCarnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghUnited States
- Department of Biological SciencesCarnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghUnited States
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringCarnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghUnited States
- Department of Machine LearningCarnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghUnited States
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced StudiesAlbert Ludwig University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
- Faculty of BiologyAlbert Ludwig University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Christoph Wülfing
- School of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- Department of ImmunologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasUnited States
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30
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Huang R, Guo G, Lu L, Fu R, Luo J, Liu Z, Gu Y, Yang W, Zheng Q, Chao T, He L, Wang Y, Niu Z, Wang H, Lawrence T, Malissen M, Malissen B, Liang Y, Zhang L. The three members of the Vav family proteins form complexes that concur to foam cell formation and atherosclerosis. J Lipid Res 2019; 60:2006-2019. [PMID: 31570505 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m094771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During foam cell formation and atherosclerosis development, the scavenger receptor CD36 plays critical roles in lipid uptake and triggering of atherogenicity via the activation of Vav molecules. The Vav family includes three highly conserved members known as Vav1, Vav2, and Vav3. As Vav1 and Vav3 were found to exert function in atherosclerosis development, it remains thus to decipher whether Vav2 also plays a role in the development of atherosclerosis. In this study we found that Vav2 deficiency in RAW264.7 macrophages significantly diminished oxidized LDL uptake and CD36 signaling, demonstrating that each Vav protein family member was required for foam cell formation. Genetic disruption of Vav2 in ApoE-deficient C57BL/6 mice significantly inhibited the severity of atherosclerosis. Strikingly, we further found that the genetic deletion of each member of the Vav protein family by CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in a similar alteration of transcriptomic profiles of macrophages. The three members of the Vav proteins were found to form complexes, and genetic ablation of each single Vav molecule was sufficient to prevent endocytosis of CD36. The functional interdependence of the three Vav family members in foam cell formation was due to their indispensable roles in transcriptomic programing, lipid uptake, and activation of the JNK kinase in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Huang
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
| | - Guo Guo
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
| | - Liaoxun Lu
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China.,Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
| | - Rui Fu
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Liu
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
| | - Yanrong Gu
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
| | - Wenyi Yang
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
| | - Qianqian Zheng
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
| | - Tianzhu Chao
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
| | - Le He
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhiguo Niu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
| | - Toby Lawrence
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.,INSERM U1104, Marseille, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7280, Marseille, France
| | - Marie Malissen
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.,INSERM U1104, Marseille, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7280, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Malissen
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.,INSERM U1104, Marseille, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7280, Marseille, France
| | - Yinming Liang
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China .,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China.,Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
| | - Lichen Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China .,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
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31
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Kurolap A, Eshach Adiv O, Konnikova L, Werner L, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Steinberg M, Mitsialis V, Mory A, Nunberg MY, Wall S, Shaoul R, Overton JD, Shuldiner AR, Zohar Y, Paperna T, Snapper SB, Shouval DS, Baris Feldman H. A Unique Presentation of Infantile-Onset Colitis and Eosinophilic Disease without Recurrent Infections Resulting from a Novel Homozygous CARMIL2 Variant. J Clin Immunol 2019; 39:430-439. [PMID: 31079270 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-019-00631-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to characterize the clinical phenotype, genetic basis, and consequent immunological phenotype of a boy with severe infantile-onset colitis and eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease, and no evidence of recurrent or severe infections. METHODS Trio whole-exome sequencing (WES) was utilized for pathogenic variant discovery. Western blot (WB) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining were used for protein expression analyses. Immunological workup included in vitro T cell studies, flow cytometry, and CyTOF analysis. RESULTS WES revealed a homozygous variant in the capping protein regulator and myosin 1 linker 2 (CARMIL2) gene: c.1590C>A; p.Asn530Lys which co-segregated with the disease in the nuclear family. WB and IHC analyses demonstrated reduced protein levels in patient's cells compared with controls. Moreover, comprehensive immunological workup revealed severely diminished blood-borne regulatory T cell (Treg) frequency and impaired in vitro CD4+ T cell proliferation and Treg generation. CyTOF analysis showed significant shifts in the patient's innate and adaptive immune cells compared with healthy controls and ulcerative colitis patients. CONCLUSIONS Pathogenic variants in CARMIL2 have been implicated in an immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by recurrent infections, occasionally with concurrent chronic diarrhea. We show that CARMIL2-immunodeficiency is associated with significant alterations in the landscape of immune populations in a patient with prominent gastrointestinal disease. This case provides evidence that CARMIL2 should be a candidate gene when diagnosing children with very early onset inflammatory and eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders, even when signs of immunodeficiency are not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Kurolap
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Orly Eshach Adiv
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Liza Konnikova
- Devision of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lael Werner
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Maya Steinberg
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Vanessa Mitsialis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adi Mory
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Moran Y Nunberg
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sarah Wall
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ron Shaoul
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | | | | | - Yaniv Zohar
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Institute of Pathology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tamar Paperna
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Scott B Snapper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dror S Shouval
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hagit Baris Feldman
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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32
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Hammer JA, Wang JC, Saeed M, Pedrosa AT. Origin, Organization, Dynamics, and Function of Actin and Actomyosin Networks at the T Cell Immunological Synapse. Annu Rev Immunol 2019; 37:201-224. [PMID: 30576253 PMCID: PMC8343269 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-042718-041341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The engagement of a T cell with an antigen-presenting cell (APC) or activating surface results in the formation within the T cell of several distinct actin and actomyosin networks. These networks reside largely within a narrow zone immediately under the T cell's plasma membrane at its site of contact with the APC or activating surface, i.e., at the immunological synapse. Here we review the origin, organization, dynamics, and function of these synapse-associated actin and actomyosin networks. Importantly, recent insights into the nature of these actin-based cytoskeletal structures were made possible in several cases by advances in light microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Hammer
- Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA;
| | - Jia C Wang
- Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA;
| | - Mezida Saeed
- Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA;
| | - Antonio T Pedrosa
- Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA;
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33
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Chapman NM, Shrestha S, Chi H. Metabolism in Immune Cell Differentiation and Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1011:1-85. [PMID: 28875486 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1170-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The immune system is a central determinant of organismal health. Functional immune responses require quiescent immune cells to rapidly grow, proliferate, and acquire effector functions when they sense infectious agents or other insults. Specialized metabolic programs are critical regulators of immune responses, and alterations in immune metabolism can cause immunological disorders. There has thus been growing interest in understanding how metabolic processes control immune cell functions under normal and pathophysiological conditions. In this chapter, we summarize how metabolic programs are tuned and what the physiological consequences of metabolic reprogramming are as they relate to immune cell homeostasis, differentiation, and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Chapman
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Sharad Shrestha
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Hongbo Chi
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
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34
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Chao T, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Huang R, He L, Gu Y, Chen Z, Zheng Q, Shi L, Zheng W, Qi X, Kong E, Zhang Z, Lawrence T, Liang Y, Lu L. Precise and Rapid Validation of Candidate Gene by Allele Specific Knockout With CRISPR/Cas9 in Wild Mice. Front Genet 2019; 10:124. [PMID: 30838037 PMCID: PMC6390232 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is a tempting goal to identify causative genes underlying phenotypic differences among inbred strains of mice, which is a huge reservoir of genetic resources to understand mammalian pathophysiology. In particular, the wild-derived mouse strains harbor enormous genetic variations that have been acquired during evolutionary divergence over 100s of 1000s of years. However, validating the genetic variation in non-classical strains was extremely difficult, until the advent of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tools. In this study, we first describe a T cell phenotype in both wild-derived PWD/PhJ parental mice and F1 hybrids, from a cross to C57BL/6 (B6) mice, and we isolate a genetic locus on Chr2, using linkage mapping and chromosome substitution mice. Importantly, we validate the identification of the functional gene controlling this T cell phenotype, Cd44, by allele specific knockout of the PWD copy, leaving the B6 copy completely intact. Our experiments using F1 mice with a dominant phenotype, allowed rapid validation of candidate genes by designing sgRNA PAM sequences that only target the DNA of the PWD genome. We obtained 10 animals derived from B6 eggs fertilized with PWD sperm cells which were subjected to microinjection of CRISPR/Cas9 gene targeting machinery. In the newborns of F1 hybrids, 80% (n = 10) had allele specific knockout of the candidate gene Cd44 of PWD origin, and no mice showed mistargeting of the B6 copy. In the resultant allele-specific knockout F1 mice, we observe full recovery of T cell phenotype. Therefore, our study provided a precise and rapid approach to functionally validate genes that could facilitate gene discovery in classic mouse genetics. More importantly, as we succeeded in genetic manipulation of mice, allele specific knockout could provide the possibility to inactivate disease alleles while keeping the normal allele of the gene intact in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhu Chao
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Liu
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lichen Zhang
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Le He
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanrong Gu
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Qianqian Zheng
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lijin Shi
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wenping Zheng
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xinhui Qi
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Eryan Kong
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhongjian Zhang
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Toby Lawrence
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yinming Liang
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Liaoxun Lu
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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35
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Molecular Dynamics of Co-signal Molecules in T-Cell Activation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1189:135-152. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9717-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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36
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Signal Transduction Via Co-stimulatory and Co-inhibitory Receptors. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1189:85-133. [PMID: 31758532 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9717-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated antigen-specific stimulation is essential for initiating T-cell activation. However, signaling through the TCR alone is not sufficient for inducing an effective response. In addition to TCR-mediated signaling, signaling through antigen-independent co-stimulatory or co-inhibitory receptors is critically important not only for the full activation and functional differentiation of T cells but also for the termination and suppression of T-cell responses. Many studies have investigated the signaling pathways underlying the function of each molecular component. Co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory receptors have no kinase activity, but their cytoplasmic region contains unique functional motifs and potential phosphorylation sites. Engagement of co-stimulatory receptors leads to recruitment of specific binding partners, such as adaptor molecules, kinases, and phosphatases, via recognition of a specific motif. Consequently, each co-stimulatory receptor transduces a unique pattern of signaling pathways. This review focuses on our current understanding of the intracellular signaling pathways provided by co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules, including B7:CD28 family members, immunoglobulin, and members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily.
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37
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Yangyin Qingre Huoxue Method in Traditional Chinese Medicine Ameliorates Atherosclerosis in ApoE -/- Mice Suffering from High-Fat Diet and HSP65 Aggression. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:2531979. [PMID: 30713570 PMCID: PMC6332951 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2531979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a complicated arterial disease resulting from abnormal lipid deposition and inflammatory injury, which is attributed to Yin deficiency, accumulation of heat materials, and stasis of blood flow in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) theory. Thus, according to TCM theory, the method of nourishing Yin (Yangyin), clearing away heat (Qingre), and promoting blood circulation (Huoxue) is a reasonable strategy, which has achieved remarkable clinical efficacy in the treatment of AS, but the mechanisms remain to be known. In this study, we evaluated the effects of Yangyin Qingre Huoxue Prescription (YQHP) on AS in ApoE-/- mice suffering from a high-fat diet and heat shock protein (HSP65) attack. YQHP regulated levels of blood lipids and inflammation-linked cytokines as well as Th17/Treg ratio in peripheral blood. Suppressed IL-6-p-STAT3 signaling and restored IL-2-p-STAT5 signaling in the presence of YQHP may partake in the regulation of Th17 and Treg differentiation. Moreover, YQHP modulated transcriptional levels of costimulator CD80 in aortas as well corresponding to the downregulation of GM-CSF in serum and CD3 expression in CD4+ T cells, which might indicate the potential of YQHP to regulate antigen presenting cells. All these effects eventually promoted the improvement of atherosclerotic lesions. In addition, YQHP promoted less monocyte infiltration in the liver and lower levels of AST, ALT, and AKP production than simvastatin. Conclusively, lipid-regulating and anti-inflammatory functions mediated by YQHP with lower hepatotoxicity than simvastatin hindered the progression of HSP65 aggravated AS in ApoE-/- mice, indicating the effectiveness of Yangyin Qingre Huoxue Method in the treatment of AS.
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38
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Wang X, Huang R, Zhang L, Li S, Luo J, Gu Y, Chen Z, Zheng Q, Chao T, Zheng W, Qi X, Wang L, Wen Y, Liang Y, Lu L. A severe atherosclerosis mouse model on the resistant NOD background. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:11/10/dmm033852. [PMID: 30305306 PMCID: PMC6215432 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.033852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a complex disease affecting arterial blood vessels and blood flow that could result in a variety of life-threatening consequences. Disease models with diverged genomes are necessary for understanding the genetic architecture of this complex disease. Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice are highly polymorphic and widely used for studies of type 1 diabetes and autoimmunity. Understanding atherosclerosis development in the NOD strain is of particular interest as human atherosclerosis on the diabetic and autoimmune background has not been successfully modeled. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to genetically disrupt apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) expression on the pure NOD background, and compared phenotype between single-gene-deleted mice and double-knockout mutants with reference to ApoE-deficient C57BL/6 mice. We found that genetic ablation of Ldlr or Apoe in NOD mice was not sufficient to establish an atherosclerosis model, in contrast to ApoE-deficient C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for over 12 weeks. We further obtained NOD mice deficient in both LDLR and ApoE, and assessed the severity of atherosclerosis and immune response to hyperlipidemia in comparison to ApoE-deficient C57BL/6 mice. Strikingly, the double-knockout NOD mice treated with a HFD developed severe atherosclerosis with aorta narrowed by over 60% by plaques, accompanied by destruction of pancreatic islets and an inflammatory response to hyperlipidemia. Therefore, we succeeded in obtaining a genetic model with severe atherosclerosis on the NOD background, which is highly resistant to the disease. This model is useful for the study of atherosclerosis in the setting of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xugang Wang
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China
| | - Lichen Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China
| | - Saichao Li
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China
| | - Yanrong Gu
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China
| | - Qianqian Zheng
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China
| | - Tianzhu Chao
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China.,Laboratory of Mouse Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China
| | - Wenping Zheng
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China
| | - Xinhui Qi
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China
| | - Li Wang
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China
| | - Yinhang Wen
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China
| | - Yinming Liang
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China .,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China.,Laboratory of Mouse Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China
| | - Liaoxun Lu
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China .,Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China.,Laboratory of Mouse Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province 453003, China
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39
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Abstract
Proper regulation of the immune system is required for protection against pathogens and preventing autoimmune disorders. Inborn errors of the immune system due to inherited or de novo germline mutations can lead to the loss of protective immunity, aberrant immune homeostasis, and the development of autoimmune disease, or combinations of these. Forward genetic screens involving clinical material from patients with primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) can vary in severity from life-threatening disease affecting multiple cell types and organs to relatively mild disease with susceptibility to a limited range of pathogens or mild autoimmune conditions. As central mediators of innate and adaptive immune responses, T cells are critical orchestrators and effectors of the immune response. As such, several PIDs result from loss of or altered T cell function. PID-associated functional defects range from complete absence of T cell development to uncontrolled effector cell activation. Furthermore, the gene products of known PID causal genes are involved in diverse molecular pathways ranging from T cell receptor signaling to regulators of protein glycosylation. Identification of the molecular and biochemical cause of PIDs can not only guide the course of treatment for patients, but also inform our understanding of the basic biology behind T cell function. In this chapter, we review PIDs with known genetic causes that intrinsically affect T cell function with particular focus on perturbations of biochemical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Comrie
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michael J Lenardo
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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40
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Lyons JJ, Milner JD. Primary atopic disorders. J Exp Med 2018; 215:1009-1022. [PMID: 29549114 PMCID: PMC5881472 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20172306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Important insights from monogenic disorders into the immunopathogenesis of allergic diseases and reactions are discussed. Monogenic disorders have provided fundamental insights into human immunity and the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. The pathways identified as critical in the development of atopy range from focal defects in immune cells and epithelial barrier function to global changes in metabolism. A major goal of studying heritable single-gene disorders that lead to severe clinical allergic diseases is to identify fundamental pathways leading to hypersensitivity that can be targeted to provide novel therapeutic strategies for patients with allergic diseases, syndromic and nonsyndromic alike. Here, we review known single-gene disorders leading to severe allergic phenotypes in humans, discuss how the revealed pathways fit within our current understanding of the atopic diathesis, and propose how some pathways might be targeted for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Lyons
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Joshua D Milner
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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41
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Simon S, Charpentier M, Anegon I, Labarriere N. Immunotherapies in transplantation and cancer: 22nd NAT meeting/2nd NAT LabEx IGO joint meeting; 1-2 June 2017, Nantes, France. Immunotherapy 2018; 9:867-870. [PMID: 29338607 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2017-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This 22nd edition of the Nantes Actualités Transplantation annual meeting was co-organized for the second time with the LabEx Immuno-Graft Oncology network. This international meeting was held on 1 and 2 June 2017 in Nantes (western France). The topic of this 2-day meeting was 'Immunotherapies in transplantation and cancer'. This meeting brought together 17 international invited speakers, young researchers and 220 attendees mainly from Europe and North America. It was a unique opportunity to bring together the pioneers and leading immunologists in the fields of transplantation and cancer, focusing on shared mechanisms that control immune responses in organ or bone marrow transplantation and in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Simon
- CRCINA, Inserm UMR1232, 8 Quai Moncousu, 44007 Nantes Cedex 1, France.,LabEx IGO 'Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology', Nantes, France
| | - Maud Charpentier
- CRCINA, Inserm UMR1232, 8 Quai Moncousu, 44007 Nantes Cedex 1, France.,LabEx IGO 'Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology', Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- LabEx IGO 'Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology', Nantes, France.,Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Nathalie Labarriere
- CRCINA, Inserm UMR1232, 8 Quai Moncousu, 44007 Nantes Cedex 1, France.,LabEx IGO 'Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology', Nantes, France
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42
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Rowshanravan B, Halliday N, Sansom DM. CTLA-4: a moving target in immunotherapy. Blood 2018; 131:58-67. [PMID: 29118008 PMCID: PMC6317697 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-06-741033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 711] [Impact Index Per Article: 118.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
CD28 and CTLA-4 are members of a family of immunoglobulin-related receptors that are responsible for various aspects of T-cell immune regulation. The family includes CD28, CTLA-4, and ICOS as well as other proteins, including PD-1, BTLA, and TIGIT. These receptors have both stimulatory (CD28, ICOS) and inhibitory roles (CTLA-4, PD-1, BTLA, and TIGIT) in T-cell function. Increasingly, these pathways are targeted as part of immune modulatory strategies to treat cancers, referred to generically as immune checkpoint blockade, and conversely to treat autoimmunity and CTLA-4 deficiency. Here, we focus on the biology of the CD28/CTLA-4 pathway as a framework for understanding the impacts of therapeutic manipulation of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Rowshanravan
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection & Immunity, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Halliday
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection & Immunity, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - David M Sansom
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Division of Infection & Immunity, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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43
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Wang H, Li S, Chao T, Wang X, Shi L, Zhang L, Liang Y, Zheng Q, Lu L. A point mutation in the extracellular domain of CD4 completely abolishes CD4 T cell development in C57BL/6 mouse. Mol Immunol 2017; 92:12-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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44
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Stark BC, Lanier MH, Cooper JA. CARMIL family proteins as multidomain regulators of actin-based motility. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:1713-1723. [PMID: 28663287 PMCID: PMC5491179 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-01-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CARMILs are large multidomain proteins that regulate the actin-binding activity of capping protein (CP), a major capper of actin filament barbed ends in cells. CARMILs bind directly to CP and induce a conformational change that allosterically decreases but does not abolish its actin-capping activity. The CP-binding domain of CARMIL consists of the CP-interaction (CPI) and CARMIL-specific interaction (CSI) motifs, which are arranged in tandem. Many cellular functions of CARMILs require the interaction with CP; however, a more surprising result is that the cellular function of CP in cells appears to require binding to a CARMIL or another protein with a CPI motif, suggesting that CPI-motif proteins target CP and modulate its actin-capping activity. Vertebrates have three highly conserved genes and expressed isoforms of CARMIL with distinct and overlapping localizations and functions in cells. Various domains of these CARMIL isoforms interact with plasma membranes, vimentin intermediate filaments, SH3-containing class I myosins, the dual-GEF Trio, and other adaptors and signaling molecules. These biochemical properties suggest that CARMILs play a variety of membrane-associated functions related to actin assembly and signaling. CARMIL mutations and variants have been implicated in several human diseases. We focus on roles for CARMILs in signaling in addition to their function as regulators of CP and actin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C Stark
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - M Hunter Lanier
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - John A Cooper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
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45
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Zumerle S, Molon B, Viola A. Membrane Rafts in T Cell Activation: A Spotlight on CD28 Costimulation. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1467. [PMID: 29163534 PMCID: PMC5675840 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatiotemporal compartmentalization of signaling pathways and second messengers is pivotal for cell biology and membrane rafts are, therefore, required for several lymphocyte functions. On the other hand, T cells have the specific necessity of tuning signaling amplification depending on the context in which the antigen is presented. In this review, we discuss of membrane rafts in the context of T cell signaling, focusing on CD28-mediated costimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Zumerle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Molon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Antonella Viola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Pediatric Research Institute "Citta della Speranza", Padova, Italy
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46
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Dynamic regulation of CD28 conformation and signaling by charged lipids and ions. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2017; 24:1081-1092. [PMID: 29058713 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.3489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CD28 provides an essential costimulatory signal for T cell activation, and its function is critical in antitumor immunity. However, the molecular mechanism of CD28 transmembrane signaling remains elusive. Here we show that the conformation and signaling of CD28 are regulated by two counteractive charged factors, acidic phospholipids and Ca2+ ions. NMR spectroscopy analyses showed that acidic phospholipids can sequester CD28 signaling motifs within the membrane, thereby limiting CD28 basal signaling. T cell receptor (TCR) activation induced an increase in the local Ca2+ concentration around CD28, and Ca2+ directly disrupted CD28-lipid interaction, leading to opening and signaling of CD28. We observed that the TCR, Ca2+, and CD28 together form a dual-positive-feedback circuit that substantially amplifies T cell signaling and thus increases antigen sensitivity. This work unravels a new regulatory mechanism for CD28 signaling and thus contributes to the understanding of the dependence of costimulation signaling on TCR signaling and the high sensitivity of T cells.
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47
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eNOS S-nitrosylates β-actin on Cys374 and regulates PKC-θ at the immune synapse by impairing actin binding to profilin-1. PLoS Biol 2017; 15:e2000653. [PMID: 28394935 PMCID: PMC5386235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2000653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton coordinates the organization of signaling microclusters at the immune synapse (IS); however, the mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. We show here that nitric oxide (NO) generated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) controls the coalescence of protein kinase C-θ (PKC-θ) at the central supramolecular activation cluster (c-SMAC) of the IS. eNOS translocated with the Golgi to the IS and partially colocalized with F-actin around the c-SMAC. This resulted in reduced actin polymerization and centripetal retrograde flow of β-actin and PKC-θ from the lamellipodium-like distal (d)-SMAC, promoting PKC-θ activation. Furthermore, eNOS-derived NO S-nitrosylated β-actin on Cys374 and impaired actin binding to profilin-1 (PFN1), as confirmed with the transnitrosylating agent S-nitroso-L-cysteine (Cys-NO). The importance of NO and the formation of PFN1-actin complexes on the regulation of PKC-θ was corroborated by overexpression of PFN1- and actin-binding defective mutants of β-actin (C374S) and PFN1 (H119E), respectively, which reduced the coalescence of PKC-θ at the c-SMAC. These findings unveil a novel NO-dependent mechanism by which the actin cytoskeleton controls the organization and activation of signaling microclusters at the IS. T cells are an essential arm of the immunity against the invasion of pathogenic agents in organisms. These specialized cells recognize foreign antigens displayed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APC) by means of the T cell receptor (TCR). Early signaling takes place in these cells through the specific clustering of TCRs, which trigger the recruitment of signaling molecules to the immune synapse (IS), a plasma membrane–associated intercellular domain important for T cell activation. In this location, several signaling molecules that include the protein kinase C-θ (PKC-θ) form microclusters that are translocated centripetally towards the center of the IS, following the retrograde movement of actin. In this study, we show that nitric oxide (NO) formed by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) regulates the translocation of PKC-θ to the IS, increasing its activation. eNOS can effectively modify β-actin by S-nitrosylation on Cys374, reducing its ability to bind profilin-1 (PFN1)—a protein required for actin polymerization—polymerize and flow from the periphery to the central region of the IS. We propose that eNOS-derived NO controls actin polymerization via S-nitrosylation of actin as one of the major driving forces for the transport of PKC-θ towards the central area of the IS, which is essential for T cell activation.
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48
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Duguet F, Locard-Paulet M, Marcellin M, Chaoui K, Bernard I, Andreoletti O, Lesourne R, Burlet-Schiltz O, Gonzalez de Peredo A, Saoudi A. Proteomic Analysis of Regulatory T Cells Reveals the Importance of Themis1 in the Control of Their Suppressive Function. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:1416-1432. [PMID: 28373295 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.062745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Treg) represent a minor subpopulation of T lymphocytes that is crucial for the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Here, we present a large-scale quantitative mass spectrometry study that defines a specific proteomic "signature" of Treg. Treg and conventional T lymphocyte (Tconv) subpopulations were sorted by flow cytometry and subjected to global proteomic analysis by single-run nanoLC-MS/MS on a fast-sequencing Q-Exactive mass spectrometer. Besides "historical" proteins that characterize Treg, our study identified numerous new proteins that are up- or downregulated in Treg versus Tconv. We focused on Themis1, a protein particularly under-represented in Treg, and recently described as being involved in the pathogenesis of immune diseases. Using a transgenic mouse model overexpressing Themis1, we provided in vivo and in vitro evidence of its importance for Treg suppressive functions, in an animal model of inflammatory bowel disease and in coculture assays. We showed that this enhanced suppressive activity in vitro is associated with an accumulation of Tregs. Thus, our study highlights the usefulness of label free quantitative methods to better characterize the Treg cell lineage and demonstrates the potential role of Themis1 in the suppressive functions of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Duguet
- From the ‡Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, 31077 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, 31077 Toulouse, France.,§Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UPS, 31024, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Locard-Paulet
- From the ‡Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, 31077 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Marlène Marcellin
- From the ‡Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, 31077 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Karima Chaoui
- From the ‡Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, 31077 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Bernard
- §Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UPS, 31024, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Andreoletti
- ¶UMR INRA ENVT 1225, Interactions Hôtes Agents Pathogènes, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Renaud Lesourne
- §Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UPS, 31024, Toulouse, France
| | - Odile Burlet-Schiltz
- From the ‡Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, 31077 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Gonzalez de Peredo
- From the ‡Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, 31077 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, 31077 Toulouse, France;
| | - Abdelhadi Saoudi
- §Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UPS, 31024, Toulouse, France
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49
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Schober T, Magg T, Laschinger M, Rohlfs M, Linhares ND, Puchalka J, Weisser T, Fehlner K, Mautner J, Walz C, Hussein K, Jaeger G, Kammer B, Schmid I, Bahia M, Pena SD, Behrends U, Belohradsky BH, Klein C, Hauck F. A human immunodeficiency syndrome caused by mutations in CARMIL2. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14209. [PMID: 28112205 PMCID: PMC5473639 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell function is dependent on T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) and co-signalling as evidenced by immunodeficiencies affecting TCR-dependent signalling pathways. Here, we show four human patients with EBV+ disseminated smooth muscle tumours that carry two homozygous loss-of-function mutations in the CARMIL2 (RLTPR) gene encoding the capping protein regulator and myosin 1 linker 2. These patients lack regulatory T cells without evidence of organ-specific autoimmunity, and have defective CD28 co-signalling associated with impaired T-cell activation, differentiation and function, as well as perturbed cytoskeletal organization associated with T-cell polarity and migration disorders. Human CARMIL2-deficiency is therefore an autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency disorder associated with defective CD28-mediated TCR co-signalling and impaired cytoskeletal dynamics. CARMIL2 (Rltpr) is involved in T-cell function. Here, the authors identify human CARMIL2-deficiency as an autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by EBV+ smooth muscle tumours, CD28 co-signalling deficiency and impaired cytoskeletal dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Schober
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Lindwurmstrasse 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - T Magg
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Lindwurmstrasse 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - M Laschinger
- Department of Surgery, Technische Universität München (TUM), Ismaninger Strasse 22, D-81675 Munich, Germany
| | - M Rohlfs
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Lindwurmstrasse 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - N D Linhares
- Laboratory of Clinical Genomics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 190 Professor Alfredo Balena Avenida, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil
| | - J Puchalka
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Lindwurmstrasse 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - T Weisser
- Department of Surgery, Technische Universität München (TUM), Ismaninger Strasse 22, D-81675 Munich, Germany
| | - K Fehlner
- Department of Surgery, Technische Universität München (TUM), Ismaninger Strasse 22, D-81675 Munich, Germany
| | - J Mautner
- Research Unit Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU)-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Marchioninistrasse 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany.,Children's Hospital, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich D-80804, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Trogerstrasse 30, D-81675 Munich, Germany
| | - C Walz
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Thalkirchner Strasse 36, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - K Hussein
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, D-30625 Hanover, Germany
| | - G Jaeger
- Department of Diagnostic Virology, Max von Pettenkofer-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Pettenkoferstrasse 9a, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - B Kammer
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Lindwurmstrasse 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - I Schmid
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Lindwurmstrasse 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - M Bahia
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 110 Prof. Alfredo Balena Avenida, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil
| | - S D Pena
- Laboratory of Clinical Genomics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 190 Professor Alfredo Balena Avenida, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil
| | - U Behrends
- Research Unit Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU)-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Marchioninistrasse 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany.,Children's Hospital, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich D-80804, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Trogerstrasse 30, D-81675 Munich, Germany
| | - B H Belohradsky
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Lindwurmstrasse 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany
| | - C Klein
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Lindwurmstrasse 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Trogerstrasse 30, D-81675 Munich, Germany
| | - F Hauck
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Lindwurmstrasse 4, D-80337 Munich, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Trogerstrasse 30, D-81675 Munich, Germany
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50
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Abstract
Signaling breakthroughs of 2016 clustered mainly in the areas of neuroscience, immunology, and metabolism, with excursions into plant hormone signaling and bacterial manipulation of host signaling pathways. Perhaps reflecting the growing maturity of the discipline of cell signaling, many of this year's breakthroughs have implications for the pathogenesis or treatment of human disease.
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