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Alsouri S, Ambrose A, Mougios N, Paglilla N, Mayr F, Choi K, Loeber J, Chapuy B, Haeupl B, Opazo F, Oellerich T, Gold M, Engelke M. Actinin-4 controls survival signaling in B cells by limiting the lateral mobility of B-cell antigen receptors. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350774. [PMID: 38299456 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The structure and dynamics of F-actin networks in the cortical area of B cells control the signal efficiency of B-cell antigen receptors (BCRs). Although antigen-induced signaling has been studied extensively, the role of cortical F-actin in antigen-independent tonic BCR signaling is less well understood. Because these signals are essential for the survival of B cells and are consequently exploited by several B-cell lymphomas, we assessed how the cortical F-actin structure influences tonic BCR signal transduction. We employed genetic variants of a primary cell-like B-cell line that can be rendered quiescent to show that cross-linking of actin filaments by α-actinin-4 (ACTN4), but not ACTN1, is required to preserve the dense architecture of F-actin in the cortical area of B cells. The reduced cortical F-actin density in the absence of ACTN4 resulted in increased lateral BCR diffusion. Surprisingly, this was associated with reduced tonic activation of BCR-proximal effector proteins, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and pro-survival pathways. Accordingly, ACTN4-deficient B-cell lines and primary human B cells exhibit augmented apoptosis. Hence, our findings reveal that cortical F-actin architecture regulates antigen-independent tonic BCR survival signals in human B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saed Alsouri
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Ashley Ambrose
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Nikolaos Mougios
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration (BIN), Goettingen, Germany
- Institute of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Nadia Paglilla
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Florian Mayr
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Kate Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jens Loeber
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Charité - University Medical Center Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Björn Chapuy
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Charité - University Medical Center Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Björn Haeupl
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felipe Opazo
- Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration (BIN), Goettingen, Germany
- Institute of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Oellerich
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Gold
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Michael Engelke
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
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2
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Liu J, Gu X, Guan Z, Huang D, Xing H, Zheng L. Role of m6A modification in regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:774. [PMID: 37915034 PMCID: PMC10619263 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04651-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cancer. The dysregulation of this pathway has been linked to the development and initiation of various types of cancer. Recently, epigenetic modifications, particularly N6-methyladenosine (m6A), have been recognized as essential contributors to mRNA-related biological processes and translation. The abnormal expression of m6A modification enzymes has been associated with oncogenesis, tumor progression, and drug resistance. Here, we review the role of m6A modification in regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway in cancer and its implications in the development of novel strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xinyu Gu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, China
| | - Zhenjie Guan
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Di Huang
- Department of Child Health Care, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Huiwu Xing
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Lian Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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3
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Molecular Characterization of a B Cell Adaptor for Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Homolog in Lamprey ( Lampetra japonica) and Its Function in the Immune Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214449. [PMID: 36430927 PMCID: PMC9695028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human B cell adaptor for phosphoinositide 3-kinase (BCAP) is identified as an adaptor protein expressed in B cells and plays a critical immunomodulatory role in B cell receptor signaling and humoral immune response. In the current study, a homolog of BCAP (Lja-BCAP) was identified in Lampetra japonica. The open reading frame of Lja-BCAP contains 2181bp nucleotides and encodes a protein of 726 amino acids. After being stimulated by mixed bacteria, the mRNA and protein expression levels of Lja-BCAP and the activation levels of tyrosine kinases increased significantly in peripheral blood lymphocytes, gills and supraneural myeloid bodies, respectively. However, after the knockdown of Lja-BCAP by RNAi in vivo, the activation of tyrosine kinases was inhibited in the above tissues, which indicated that Lja-BCAP participated in the anti-bacterial immune response of lampreys. After lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, the expression of Lja-BCAP in peripheral blood lymphocytes, gills and supraneural myeloid bodies were significantly up-regulated 2.5, 2.2, and 11.1 times (p < 0.05) compared to the control group, respectively; while after phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation, the up-regulation of Lja-BCAP was only detected in peripheral blood lymphocytes. The above results show that Lja-BCAP mainly participates in the LPS-mediated immune response of lampreys.
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4
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Getahun A. Role of inhibitory signaling in peripheral B cell tolerance*. Immunol Rev 2022; 307:27-42. [PMID: 35128676 PMCID: PMC8986582 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
At least 20% of B cells in the periphery expresses an antigen receptor with a degree of self-reactivity. If activated, these autoreactive B cells pose a risk as they can contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases. To prevent their activation, both B cell-intrinsic and extrinsic tolerance mechanisms are in place in healthy individuals. In this review article, I will focus on B cell-intrinsic mechanisms that prevent the activation of autoreactive B cells in the periphery. I will discuss how inhibitory signaling circuits are established in autoreactive B cells, focusing on the Lyn-SHIP-1-SHP-1 axis, how they contribute to peripheral immune tolerance, and how disruptions of these circuits can contribute to the development of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Getahun
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology University of Colorado SOM Aurora Colorado USA
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine National Jewish Health Denver Colorado USA
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5
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He Y, Sun MM, Zhang GG, Yang J, Chen KS, Xu WW, Li B. Targeting PI3K/Akt signal transduction for cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:425. [PMID: 34916492 PMCID: PMC8677728 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00828-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 374] [Impact Index Per Article: 124.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway plays a crucial role in various cellular processes and is aberrantly activated in cancers, contributing to the occurrence and progression of tumors. Examining the upstream and downstream nodes of this pathway could allow full elucidation of its function. Based on accumulating evidence, strategies targeting major components of the pathway might provide new insights for cancer drug discovery. Researchers have explored the use of some inhibitors targeting this pathway to block survival pathways. However, because oncogenic PI3K pathway activation occurs through various mechanisms, the clinical efficacies of these inhibitors are limited. Moreover, pathway activation is accompanied by the development of therapeutic resistance. Therefore, strategies involving pathway inhibitors and other cancer treatments in combination might solve the therapeutic dilemma. In this review, we discuss the roles of the PI3K/Akt pathway in various cancer phenotypes, review the current statuses of different PI3K/Akt inhibitors, and introduce combination therapies consisting of signaling inhibitors and conventional cancer therapies. The information presented herein suggests that cascading inhibitors of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, either alone or in combination with other therapies, are the most effective treatment strategy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Miao Sun
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guo Geng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kui Sheng Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Wen Wen Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bin Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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6
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Abstract
The non-catalytic region of tyrosine kinase (Nck) family of adaptors, consisting of Nck1 and Nck2, contributes to selectivity and specificity in the flow of cellular information by recruiting components of signaling networks. Known to play key roles in cytoskeletal remodeling, Nck adaptors modulate host cell-pathogen interactions, immune cell receptor activation, cell adhesion and motility, and intercellular junctions in kidney podocytes. Genetic inactivation of both members of the Nck family results in embryonic lethality; however, viability of mice lacking either one of these adaptors suggests partial functional redundancy. In this Cell Science at a Glance and the accompanying poster, we highlight the molecular organization and functions of the Nck family, focusing on key interactions and pathways, regulation of cellular processes, development, homeostasis and pathogenesis, as well as emerging and non-redundant functions of Nck1 compared to those of Nck2. This article thus aims to provide a timely perspective on the biology of Nck adaptors and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana C. Bywaters
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 7783, USA
| | - Gonzalo M. Rivera
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 7783, USA
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7
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Luff DH, Wojdyla K, Oxley D, Chessa T, Hudson K, Hawkins PT, Stephens LR, Barry ST, Okkenhaug K. PI3Kδ Forms Distinct Multiprotein Complexes at the TCR Signalosome in Naïve and Differentiated CD4 + T Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:631271. [PMID: 33763075 PMCID: PMC7982423 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.631271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) play a central role in adaptive immunity by transducing signals from the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) via production of PIP3. PI3Kδ is a heterodimer composed of a p110δ catalytic subunit associated with a p85α or p85β regulatory subunit and is preferentially engaged by the TCR upon T cell activation. The molecular mechanisms leading to PI3Kδ recruitment and activation at the TCR signalosome remain unclear. In this study, we have used quantitative mass spectrometry, biochemical approaches and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing to uncover the p110δ interactome in primary CD4+ T cells. Moreover, we have determined how the PI3Kδ interactome changes upon the differentiation of small naïve T cells into T cell blasts expanded in the presence of IL-2. Our interactomic analyses identified multiple constitutive and inducible PI3Kδ-interacting proteins, some of which were common to naïve and previously-activated T cells. Our data reveals that PI3Kδ rapidly interacts with as many as seven adaptor proteins upon TCR engagement, including the Gab-family proteins, GAB2 and GAB3, a CD5-CBL signalosome and the transmembrane proteins ICOS and TRIM. Our results also suggest that PI3Kδ pre-forms complexes with the adaptors SH3KBP1 and CRKL in resting cells that could facilitate the localization and activation of p110δ at the plasma membrane by forming ternary complexes during early TCR signalling. Furthermore, we identify interactions that were not previously known to occur in CD4+ T cells, involving BCAP, GAB3, IQGAP3 and JAML. We used CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene knockout in primary T cells to confirm that BCAP is a positive regulator of PI3K-AKT signalling in CD4+ T cell blasts. Overall, our results provide evidence for a large protein network that regulates the recruitment and activation of PI3Kδ in T cells. Finally, this work shows how the PI3Kδ interactome is remodeled as CD4+ T cells differentiate from naïve T cells to activated T cell blasts. These activated T cells upregulate additional PI3Kδ adaptor proteins, including BCAP, GAB2, IQGAP3 and ICOS. This rewiring of TCR-PI3K signalling that occurs upon T cell differentiation may serve to reduce the threshold of activation and diversify the inputs for the PI3K pathway in effector T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy H Luff
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Katarzyna Wojdyla
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David Oxley
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tamara Chessa
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Hudson
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Phillip T Hawkins
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Len R Stephens
- Signalling Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Simon T Barry
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus Okkenhaug
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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8
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Pauls SD, Hou S, Marshall AJ. SHIP interacts with adaptor protein Nck and restricts actin turnover in B cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 527:207-212. [PMID: 32446368 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.04.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
SH2 domain-containing inositol 5'-phosphatase (SHIP) has critical functions in regulating signal transduction. In additional to its lipid phosphatase activity, SHIP engages in multiple protein-protein interactions, which can serve to localize either SHIP or its binding partners to a particular subcellular domain. Knock-out and knock-down studies have elucidated that SHIP negatively regulates the accumulation of F-actin in leukocytes, usually resulting in inhibition of actin dependent cellular activities such as spreading and migration. Here, we demonstrate that overexpression of SHIP inhibits B cell antigen receptor (BCR)-mediated cell spreading in murine and human B cell lines. B cell stimulation via the BCR or pervanadate induces an interaction between SHIP and Nck, an adaptor protein known to promote actin polymerization. Using a fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) assay, we demonstrate that overexpression of SHIP slows F-actin dynamics in BCR-stimulated B cells and this can be overcome by co-overexpression of Nck. Our data supports a role for SHIP in limiting actin turnover and suggests it may do so in part by sequestering Nck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha D Pauls
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
| | - Sen Hou
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Aaron J Marshall
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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9
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Miao Y, Jiang M, Qi L, Yang D, Xiao W, Fang F. BCAP Regulates Dendritic Cell Maturation Through the Dual-Regulation of NF-κB and PI3K/AKT Signaling During Infection. Front Immunol 2020; 11:250. [PMID: 32133012 PMCID: PMC7040100 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) is essential in adaptive immunity. B cell adapter for phosphoinositide 3-kinase (BCAP) has been shown a divergent activities in cell type dependent manner including B cells, NK cells, macrophages, and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), however, its role in conventional DCs (cDCs) remains unknown. Here, we report that BCAP negatively regulates Toll-like receptor-induced cDC maturation and inhibits cDCs from inducing antigen-specific T cell responses, thereby weakening the antibacterial adaptive immune responses of mice in a Listeria monocytogenes-infection model. Furthermore, we demonstrate that BCAP simultaneously modulates the activation of the NF-κB and PI3K/AKT signaling by dynamically interacting with, respectively, MyD88 and the p85α subunit of PI3K. Our study thus reveals non-redundant roles for BCAP in regulating cDC maturation and reveals a bilateral signal transduction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Miao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center of Biotechnology Drugs Anhui, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center of Biotechnology Drugs Anhui, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center of Biotechnology Drugs Anhui, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - De Yang
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Weihua Xiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center of Biotechnology Drugs Anhui, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center of Biotechnology Drugs Anhui, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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10
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Wang Y, Liu J, Burrows PD, Wang JY. B Cell Development and Maturation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1254:1-22. [PMID: 32323265 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3532-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Since the identification of B cells in 1965 (Cooper et al. 1965), three has been tremendous progress in our understanding of B cell development, maturation and function. A number of B cell subpopulations, including B-1, B-2 and regulatory B cells, have been identified. B-1 cells mainly originate from the fetal liver and contain B-1a and B-1b subsets. B-2 cells are derived from the bone marrow (BM) and can be further classified into follicular B (FOB) and marginal zone B (MZB) cells. Regulatory B cells (Bregs) function to suppress immune responses, primarily by production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. B cell tolerance is established at several checkpoints, during B cell development in the BM (central tolerance) as well as during B cell maturation and activation in the periphery (peripheral tolerance). This chapter will focus on the regulation of important processes during the development and maturation of B-1 and B-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter D Burrows
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ji-Yang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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11
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12
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Case LB, Zhang X, Ditlev JA, Rosen MK. Stoichiometry controls activity of phase-separated clusters of actin signaling proteins. Science 2019; 363:1093-1097. [PMID: 30846599 DOI: 10.1126/science.aau6313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Biomolecular condensates concentrate macromolecules into foci without a surrounding membrane. Many condensates appear to form through multivalent interactions that drive liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). LLPS increases the specific activity of actin regulatory proteins toward actin assembly by the Arp2/3 complex. We show that this increase occurs because LLPS of the Nephrin-Nck-N-WASP signaling pathway on lipid bilayers increases membrane dwell time of N-WASP and Arp2/3 complex, consequently increasing actin assembly. Dwell time varies with relative stoichiometry of the signaling proteins in the phase-separated clusters, rendering N-WASP and Arp2/3 activity stoichiometry dependent. This mechanism of controlling protein activity is enabled by the stoichiometrically undefined nature of biomolecular condensates. Such regulation should be a general feature of signaling systems that assemble through multivalent interactions and drive nonequilibrium outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay B Case
- The HHMI Summer Institute, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.,Department of Biophysics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Biophysics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jonathon A Ditlev
- The HHMI Summer Institute, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.,Department of Biophysics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Michael K Rosen
- The HHMI Summer Institute, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. .,Department of Biophysics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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13
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Lauenstein JU, Udgata A, Bartram A, De Sutter D, Fisher DI, Halabi S, Eyckerman S, Gay NJ. Phosphorylation of the multifunctional signal transducer B-cell adaptor protein (BCAP) promotes recruitment of multiple SH2/SH3 proteins including GRB2. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:19852-19861. [PMID: 31527084 PMCID: PMC6937578 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell adaptor protein (BCAP) is a multimodular, multifunctional signal transducer that regulates signal transduction pathways in leukocytes, including macrophages, B-cells, and T-cells. In particular, BCAP suppresses inflammatory signaling by Toll-like receptors (TLRs). However, how BCAP itself is regulated and what its interaction partners are is unclear. Here, using human immune cell lines, including THP-1 cells, we characterized the complex phosphorylation patterns of BCAP and used a novel protein complex trapping strategy, called virotrap, to identify its interaction partners. This analysis identified known interactions of BCAP with phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) p85 subunit and NCK adaptor protein (NCK), together with previously unknown interactions of BCAP with Src homology 2 (SH2) and SH3 domain-containing adaptor proteins, notably growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (GRB2) and CRK-like proto-oncogene, adaptor protein (CRKL). We show that the SH3 domain of GRB2 can bind to BCAP independently of BCAP phosphorylation status, suggesting that the SH2 domains mediate interactions with activated receptor tyrosine kinase complexes including the CD19 subunit of the B-cell receptor. Our results also suggested that the PI3K p85 subunit binds to BCAP via SH3 domains forming an inactive complex that is then activated by sequential binding with the SH2 domains. Taken together, our results indicate that BCAP is a complex hub that processes signals from multiple pathways in diverse cell types of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes U Lauenstein
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Atul Udgata
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Bartram
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Delphine De Sutter
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, A. Baertsoenkaai 3, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - David I Fisher
- Discovery Sciences, Discovery Biology, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge CB4 0WG, United Kingdom
| | - Samer Halabi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Sven Eyckerman
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, A. Baertsoenkaai 3, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Nicholas J Gay
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
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14
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Li S, Liu J, Min Q, Ikawa T, Yasuda S, Yang Y, Wang YQ, Tsubata T, Zhao Y, Wang JY. Kelch-like protein 14 promotes B-1a but suppresses B-1b cell development. Int Immunol 2019; 30:311-318. [PMID: 29939266 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxy033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
B-1 cells are innate-like B-cell population and produce natural antibodies that contribute to the first line of host defense. There are two subsets of B-1 cells: B-1a and B-1b. B-1a cells are the main producer of poly-reactive and autoreactive natural IgM antibodies, whereas B-1b cells can respond specifically to T-cell-independent antigens. Despite the functional significance of B-1a and B-1b cells, little information is available about what regulates the development of these two subsets. We found that Kelch-like protein 14 (KLHL14) was expressed at high levels in B cells but only at low levels in a few non-lymphoid tissues. Although mice lacking KLHL14 died right after birth, the heterozygotes developed normally with no gross abnormalities by appearance. B-cell development in the bone marrow and maturation and activation in the spleen were not affected in the heterozygous mice. However, the number of peritoneal B-1a cells was significantly reduced while B-1b cells were increased in Klhl14 heterozygous mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice. Consistently, Rag1-/- mice reconstituted with Klhl14-/- fetal liver cells had a more severe reduction of B-1a and an increase of B-1b cells in the peritoneal cavity. KLHL14 did not affect the turnover or apoptosis of B-1a and B-1b cells in vivo. Moreover, Klhl14-/- fetal liver contained a similar proportion and absolute numbers of the B-1 progenitor cells as did WT fetal liver. These results suggest that KLHL14 promotes B-1a development in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyin Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of AgroBiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Min
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tomokatsu Ikawa
- Laboratory for Immune Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shoya Yasuda
- Department of Computational Intelligence and Systems Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yan-Qing Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Takeshi Tsubata
- Department of Immunology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yaofeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of AgroBiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Yang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Abstract
Cell surface transmembrane receptors often form nanometer- to micrometer-scale clusters to initiate signal transduction in response to environmental cues. Extracellular ligand oligomerization, domain-domain interactions, and binding to multivalent proteins all contribute to cluster formation. Here we review the current understanding of mechanisms driving cluster formation in a series of representative receptor systems: glycosylated receptors, immune receptors, cell adhesion receptors, Wnt receptors, and receptor tyrosine kinases. We suggest that these clusters share properties of systems that undergo liquid-liquid phase separation and could be investigated in this light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay B Case
- Department of Biophysics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA; , ,
| | - Jonathon A Ditlev
- Department of Biophysics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA; , ,
| | - Michael K Rosen
- Department of Biophysics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA; , ,
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16
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Verstegen NJM, Unger PPA, Walker JZ, Nicolet BP, Jorritsma T, van Rijssel J, Spaapen RM, de Wit J, van Buul JD, ten Brinke A, van Ham SM. Human B Cells Engage the NCK/PI3K/RAC1 Axis to Internalize Large Particles via the IgM-BCR. Front Immunol 2019; 10:415. [PMID: 30930895 PMCID: PMC6425997 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence indicate that large antigen-containing particles induce potent T cell-dependent high-affinity antibody responses. These responses require large particle internalization after recognition by the B cell receptor (BCR) on B cells. However, the molecular mechanisms governing BCR-mediated internalization remain unclear. Here we use a high-throughput quantitative image analysis approach to discriminate between B cell particle binding and internalization. We systematically show, using small molecule inhibitors, that human B cells require a SYK-dependent IgM-BCR signaling transduction via PI3K to efficiently internalize large anti-IgM-coated particles. IgM-BCR-mediated activation of PI3K involves both the adaptor protein NCK and the co-receptor CD19. Interestingly, we here reveal a strong NCK-dependence without profound requirement of the co-receptor CD19 in B cell responses to large particles. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the IgM-BCR/NCK signaling event facilitates RAC1 activation to promote actin cytoskeleton remodeling necessary for particle engulfment. Thus, we establish NCK/PI3K/RAC1 as an attractive IgM-BCR signaling axis for biological intervention to prevent undesired antibody responses to large particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels J. M. Verstegen
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Peter-Paul A. Unger
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Julia Z. Walker
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Benoit P. Nicolet
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tineke Jorritsma
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jos van Rijssel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Robbert M. Spaapen
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jelle de Wit
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jaap D. van Buul
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anja ten Brinke
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - S. Marieke van Ham
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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17
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Tsui C, Maldonado P, Montaner B, Borroto A, Alarcon B, Bruckbauer A, Martinez-Martin N, Batista FD. Dynamic reorganisation of intermediate filaments coordinates early B-cell activation. Life Sci Alliance 2018; 1:e201800060. [PMID: 30456377 PMCID: PMC6238617 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201800060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines the role of vimentin, a type III intermediate filament, in B-cell function using a combination of in vitro and in vivo assays, including super-resolution microscopic techniques. During B-cell activation, the dynamic reorganisation of the cytoskeleton is crucial for multiple cellular responses, such as receptor signalling, cell spreading, antigen internalisation, intracellular trafficking, and antigen presentation. However, the role of intermediate filaments (IFs), which represent a major component of the mammalian cytoskeleton, is not well defined. Here, by using multiple super-resolution microscopy techniques, including direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy, we show that IFs in B cells undergo drastic reorganisation immediately upon antigen stimulation and that this reorganisation requires actin and microtubules. Although the loss of vimentin in B cells did not impair B-cell development, receptor signalling, and differentiation, vimentin-deficient B cells exhibit altered positioning of antigen-containing and lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1+) compartments, implying that vimentin may play a role in the fine-tuning of intracellular trafficking. Indeed, vimentin-deficient B cells exhibit impaired antigen presentation and delayed antibody responses in vivo. Thus, our study presents a new perspective on the role of IFs in B-cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlson Tsui
- Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Paula Maldonado
- Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Beatriz Montaner
- Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.,Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Aldo Borroto
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Balbino Alarcon
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreas Bruckbauer
- Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.,Facility for Imaging by Light Microscopy, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nuria Martinez-Martin
- Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.,Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Facundo D Batista
- Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.,Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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18
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Singh MD, Ni M, Sullivan JM, Hamerman JA, Campbell DJ. B cell adaptor for PI3-kinase (BCAP) modulates CD8 + effector and memory T cell differentiation. J Exp Med 2018; 215:2429-2443. [PMID: 30093532 PMCID: PMC6122975 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20171820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Singh et al. show that expression of B cell adaptor for PI3-kinase (BCAP) is induced upon T cell activation and that this helps control effector and memory CD8+ T cell differentiation. CD8+ T cells respond to signals via the T cell receptor (TCR), costimulatory molecules, and immunoregulatory cytokines by developing into diverse populations of effector and memory cells. The relative strength of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling early in the T cell response can dramatically influence downstream effector and memory T cell differentiation. We show that initial PI3K signaling during T cell activation results in up-regulation of the signaling scaffold B cell adaptor for PI3K (BCAP), which further potentiates PI3K signaling and promotes the accumulation of CD8+ T cells with a terminally differentiated effector phenotype. Accordingly, BCAP-deficient CD8+ T cells have attenuated clonal expansion and altered effector and memory T cell development following infection with Listeria monocytogenes. Thus, induction of BCAP serves as a positive feedback circuit to enhance PI3K signaling in activated CD8+ T cells, thereby acting as a molecular checkpoint regulating effector and memory T cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Singh
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Minjian Ni
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Jenna M Sullivan
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA.,Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Jessica A Hamerman
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA.,Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Daniel J Campbell
- Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA .,Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
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19
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Sinclair PB, Blair HH, Ryan SL, Buechler L, Cheng J, Clayton J, Hanna R, Hollern S, Hawking Z, Bashton M, Schwab CJ, Jones L, Russell LJ, Marr H, Carey P, Halsey C, Heidenreich O, Moorman AV, Harrison CJ. Dynamic clonal progression in xenografts of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21. Haematologica 2018; 103:634-644. [PMID: 29449437 PMCID: PMC5865429 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.172304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 is a heterogeneous chromosomal rearrangement occurring in 2% of cases of childhood precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. These abnormalities are too complex to engineer faithfully in animal models and are unrepresented in leukemia cell lines. As a resource for future functional and preclinical studies, we have created xenografts from the leukemic blasts of patients with intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 and characterized them by in-vivo and ex-vivo luminescent imaging, flow immunophenotyping, and histological and ultrastructural analyses of bone marrow and the central nervous system. Investigation of up to three generations of xenografts revealed phenotypic evolution, branching genomic architecture and, compared with other B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia genetic subtypes, greater clonal diversity of leukemia-initiating cells. In support of intrachromosomal amplification of chromosome 21 as a primary genetic abnormality, it was always retained through generations of xenografts, although we also observed the first example of structural evolution of this rearrangement. Clonal segregation in xenografts revealed convergent evolution of different secondary genomic abnormalities implicating several known tumor suppressor genes and a region, containing the B-cell adaptor, PIK3AP1, and nuclear receptor co-repressor, LCOR, in the progression of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Tracking of mutations in patients and derived xenografts provided evidence for co-operation between abnormalities activating the RAS pathway in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and for their aggressive clonal expansion in the xeno-environment. Bi-allelic loss of the CDKN2A/B locus was recurrently maintained or emergent in xenografts and also strongly selected as RNA sequencing demonstrated a complete absence of reads for genes associated with the deletions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul B Sinclair
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Helen H Blair
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Sarra L Ryan
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Lars Buechler
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Joanna Cheng
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Jake Clayton
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Rebecca Hanna
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Shaun Hollern
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Zoe Hawking
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Matthew Bashton
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Claire J Schwab
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Lisa Jones
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Lisa J Russell
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Helen Marr
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Peter Carey
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Christina Halsey
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Olaf Heidenreich
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Anthony V Moorman
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Christine J Harrison
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
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20
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Vanshylla K, Bartsch C, Hitzing C, Krümpelmann L, Wienands J, Engels N. Grb2 and GRAP connect the B cell antigen receptor to Erk MAP kinase activation in human B cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4244. [PMID: 29523808 PMCID: PMC5844867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22544-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The B cell antigen receptor (BCR) employs enzymatically inactive adaptor proteins to facilitate activation of intracellular signaling pathways. In animal model systems, adaptor proteins of the growth factor receptor-bound 2 (Grb2) family have been shown to serve critical functions in lymphocytes. However, the roles of Grb2 and the Grb2-related adaptor protein (GRAP) in human B lymphocytes remain unclear. Using TALEN-mediated gene targeting, we show that in human B cells Grb2 and GRAP amplify signaling by the immunoglobulin tail tyrosine (ITT) motif of mIgE-containing BCRs and furthermore connect immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) signaling to activation of the Ras-controlled Erk MAP kinase pathway. In contrast to mouse B cells, BCR-induced activation of Erk in human B cells is largely independent of phospholipase C-ɣ activity and diacylglycerol-responsive members of Ras guanine nucleotide releasing proteins. Together, our results demonstrate that Grb2 family adaptors are critical regulators of ITAM and ITT signaling in naïve and IgE-switched human B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Vanshylla
- University Medical Center Goettingen, Institute of Cellular & Molecular Immunology, Humboldtallee 34, 37073, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Caren Bartsch
- University Medical Center Goettingen, Institute of Cellular & Molecular Immunology, Humboldtallee 34, 37073, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Christoffer Hitzing
- University Medical Center Goettingen, Institute of Cellular & Molecular Immunology, Humboldtallee 34, 37073, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Laura Krümpelmann
- University Medical Center Goettingen, Institute of Cellular & Molecular Immunology, Humboldtallee 34, 37073, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Wienands
- University Medical Center Goettingen, Institute of Cellular & Molecular Immunology, Humboldtallee 34, 37073, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Niklas Engels
- University Medical Center Goettingen, Institute of Cellular & Molecular Immunology, Humboldtallee 34, 37073, Goettingen, Germany.
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21
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Borroto A, Reyes-Garau D, Jiménez MA, Carrasco E, Moreno B, Martínez-Pasamar S, Cortés JR, Perona A, Abia D, Blanco S, Fuentes M, Arellano I, Lobo J, Heidarieh H, Rueda J, Esteve P, Cibrián D, Martinez-Riaño A, Mendoza P, Prieto C, Calleja E, Oeste CL, Orfao A, Fresno M, Sánchez-Madrid F, Alcamí A, Bovolenta P, Martín P, Villoslada P, Morreale A, Messeguer A, Alarcon B. First-in-class inhibitor of the T cell receptor for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Sci Transl Med 2017; 8:370ra184. [PMID: 28003549 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf2140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Modulating T cell activation is critical for treating autoimmune diseases but requires avoiding concomitant opportunistic infections. Antigen binding to the T cell receptor (TCR) triggers the recruitment of the cytosolic adaptor protein Nck to a proline-rich sequence in the cytoplasmic tail of the TCR's CD3ε subunit. Through virtual screening and using combinatorial chemistry, we have generated an orally available, low-molecular weight inhibitor of the TCR-Nck interaction that selectively inhibits TCR-triggered T cell activation with an IC50 (median inhibitory concentration) ~1 nM. By modulating TCR signaling, the inhibitor prevented the development of psoriasis and asthma and, furthermore, exerted a long-lasting therapeutic effect in a model of autoimmune encephalomyelitis. However, it did not prevent the generation of a protective memory response against a mouse pathogen, suggesting that the compound might not exert its effects through immunosuppression. These results suggest that inhibiting an immediate TCR signal has promise for treating a broad spectrum of human T cell-mediated autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Borroto
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Reyes-Garau
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Esther Carrasco
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Moreno
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Martínez-Pasamar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José R Cortés
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Perona
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Abia
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Soledad Blanco
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Fuentes
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, University of Salamanca-CSIC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Irene Arellano
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Lobo
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Haleh Heidarieh
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Rueda
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Esteve
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Danay Cibrián
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martinez-Riaño
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Mendoza
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Prieto
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Calleja
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara L Oeste
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Orfao
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, University of Salamanca-CSIC, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel Fresno
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Alcamí
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paola Bovolenta
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Martín
- Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Villoslada
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Morreale
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Messeguer
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Balbino Alarcon
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Spanish National Research Council-Autonomous University of Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Awasthi A, Rolland DCM, Ayello J, van de Ven C, Basrur V, Conlon K, Fermin D, Barth MJ, Klein C, Elenitoba-Johnson KSJ, Lim MS, Cairo MS. A comparative global phosphoproteomics analysis of obinutuzumab (GA101) versus rituximab (RTX) against RTX sensitive and resistant Burkitt lymphoma (BL) demonstrates differential phosphorylation of signaling pathway proteins after treatment. Oncotarget 2017; 8:113895-113909. [PMID: 29371955 PMCID: PMC5768372 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We recently demonstrated that obinutuzumab (GA101), a novel glycoengineered type II CD20 Ab compared to rituximab (RTX) mediates significantly enhanced antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vitro and increased overall survival in a Burkitt lymphoma (BL) xenograft non-obese diabetic severe combined immunodeficiency gamma (NSG) model. In this study we compared the phosphoproteomic changes by pathway analysis following obinutuzumab vs RTX against RTX-sensitive (Raji) and -resistant BL (Raji4RH). Phosphoproteomic analyses were performed by mass-spectrometry (MS)-based label-free quantitative phosphoproteomic profiling. We demonstrated that 418 proteins in Raji and 377 proteins in Raji 4RH, were differentially phosphorylated (>1.5-fold) after obinutuzumab vs. RTX. Proteins that were significantly differentially phosphorylated included the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) (PLCG2, BTK and GSK3B), Fc gamma phagocytosis (FCRG2B, MAPK1, PLCG2 and RAF1), and natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity (MAPK1, RAF1, PLCG2 and MAPK3) signaling pathways. Differential phosphorylation of BCR or cytotoxicity pathway proteins revealed significant up-regulation of BTK, PLCY2 and ERK1/RAF1 after obinutuzumab compared to RTX. Silencing of PLCG2 in the BCR and MAPK1 in the cytotoxicity pathway significantly increased BL proliferation and decreased BL cytotoxicity after obinutuzumab compared to RTX. These results in combination with our previous results demonstrating a significant improvement in in vitro BL cytotoxicity and in vivo BL survival by obinutuzumab compared to RTX may in part be due to differential effects on selected BL protein signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aradhana Awasthi
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Delphine C M Rolland
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Janet Ayello
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | | | - Venkatesha Basrur
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kevin Conlon
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Damian Fermin
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Matthew J Barth
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christian Klein
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Kojo S J Elenitoba-Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Megan S Lim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mitchell S Cairo
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.,Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.,Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
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23
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Veselits M, Tanaka A, Chen Y, Hamel K, Mandal M, Kandasamy M, Manicassamy B, O'Neill SK, Wilson P, Sciammas R, Clark MR. Igβ ubiquitination activates PI3K signals required for endosomal sorting. J Exp Med 2017; 214:3775-3790. [PMID: 29141870 PMCID: PMC5716028 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20161868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Veselits et al. show that Igβ ubiquitination activates PI3K and the accumulation of PIP3 on BCR-associated endosomal membranes, which is necessary and sufficient for sorting into classical antigen-processing compartments. Surprisingly, proper BCR sorting is critical for endosomal TLR activation yet dispensable for T-dependent humoral immunity. A wealth of in vitro data has demonstrated a central role for receptor ubiquitination in endocytic sorting. However, how receptor ubiquitination functions in vivo is poorly understood. Herein, we report that ablation of B cell antigen receptor ubiquitination in vivo uncouples the receptor from CD19 phosphorylation and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signals. These signals are necessary and sufficient for accumulating phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) on B cell receptor–containing early endosomes and proper sorting into the MHC class II antigen-presenting compartment (MIIC). Surprisingly, MIIC targeting is dispensable for T cell–dependent immunity. Rather, it is critical for activating endosomal toll-like receptors and antiviral humoral immunity. These findings demonstrate a novel mechanism of receptor endosomal signaling required for specific peripheral immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Veselits
- Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Azusa Tanaka
- Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Yaoqing Chen
- Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Keith Hamel
- Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Malay Mandal
- Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | | | - Patrick Wilson
- Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Roger Sciammas
- Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Marcus R Clark
- Section of Rheumatology and Gwen Knapp Center for Lupus and Immunology Research, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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24
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Unperturbed Immune Function despite Mutation of C-Terminal Tyrosines in Syk Previously Implicated in Signaling and Activity Regulation. Mol Cell Biol 2017; 37:MCB.00216-17. [PMID: 28760774 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00216-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Syk, a central regulator of immune cell differentiation and activation, is a promising drug target for treatment of leukemia and allergic and inflammatory diseases. The clinical failure of Syk inhibitors underscores the importance of understanding the regulation of Syk function and activity. A series of previous studies emphasized the importance of three C-terminal tyrosines in Syk for kinase activity regulation, as docking sites for downstream effector molecules, and for Ca2+ mobilization. Here, we investigated the roles of these C-terminal tyrosines in the mouse. Surprisingly, expression of a triple tyrosine-to-phenylalanine human Syk mutant, SYK(Y3F), was not associated with discernible signaling defects either in reconstituted DT40 cells or in B or mast cells from mice expressing SYK(Y3F) instead of wild-type Syk. Remarkably, lymphocyte differentiation, calcium mobilization, and 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl (TNP)-specific immune responses were unperturbed in SYK(Y3F) mice. These results emphasize the capacity of immune cells to compensate for specific molecular defects, likely using redundant intermolecular interactions, and highlight the importance of in vivo analyses for understanding cellular signaling mechanisms.
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25
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Low Frequency Magnetic Fields Induce Autophagy-associated Cell Death in Lung Cancer through miR-486-mediated Inhibition of Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11776. [PMID: 28924214 PMCID: PMC5603574 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10407-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Low frequency magnetic fields (LF-MFs) can affect cell proliferation in a cell-type and intensity-dependent way. Previous study has reported the anti-tumor effect of LF-MFs in lung cancers. Our previous study also optimized the intensity and duration of LF-MFs to effectively inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells. However, the anti-tumor mechanism of LF-MFs remains unclear, which limit the clinical application of LF-MFs in anti-tumor therapy. Here, in a well-established Lewis Lung Cancer (LLC) mouse model, we found that LF-MFs inhibit tumor growth and induce an autophagic cell death in lung cancer. We also found that LF-MFs could up-regulate the expression level of miR-486, which was involved in LF-MFs activated cell autophagy. Furthermore, we found B-cell adaptor for phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (BCAP) is a direct target of miR-486. miR-486 inhibit AKT/mTOR signaling through inhibiting expression of BCAP. Moreover, a decreased expression of miR-486 and an increased expression of BCAP were found in tumor tissues of lung cancer patients. Taken together, this study proved that LF-MFs can inhibit lung cancers through miR-486 induced autophagic cell death, which suggest a clinical application of LF-MFs in cancer treatment.
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26
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27
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Zhang F, Lu YX, Chen Q, Zou HM, Zhang JM, Hu YH, Li XM, Zhang WJ, Zhang W, Lin C, Li XN. Identification of NCK1 as a novel downstream effector of STAT3 in colorectal cancer metastasis and angiogenesis. Cell Signal 2017; 36:67-78. [PMID: 28455144 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is known to activate targets associated with invasion, proliferation, and angiogenesis in a wide variety of cancers. The adaptor protein NCK1 is involved in cytoskeletal movement and was identified as a STAT3-associated target in human tumors. However, the underlying molecular mechanism associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis is not yet completely understood. In this study, we report a novel STAT3 to NCK1 signaling pathway in colorectal cancer (CRC). We investigated the expression of NCK1 and its potential clinical and biological significance in CRC. NCK1 was noticeably up-regulated in human CRC tissues. NCK1 was also significantly associated with serosal invasion, lymph metastasis, and tumor-node-metastasis classification but was inversely correlated with differentiation. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies have shown that ectopic expression of NCK1 enhanced metastasis and angiogenesis in CRC cells. By gene expression analyses, we revealed a high co-overexpression of STAT3 and NCK1 in CRC tissues. Ectopic overexpression of STAT3 in CRC cells induced the expression of NCK1, whereas STAT3 knockdown decreased the expression of NCK1. Promoter activation and binding analyses demonstrated that STAT3 promoted the expression of NCK1 via direct action on the NCK1 promoter. The knock down of NCK1 partially reduced the CRC cell metastasis and angiogenesis promoted by STAT3. Additionally, by co-immunoprecipitation assays, we verified that NCK1 interacted with PAK1, which resulted in the activation of the PAK1/ERK pathway. STAT3 induced the transcription of NCK1 and triggered a PAK1/ERK cascade in CRC. These findings suggest a novel STAT3 to NCK1 to PAK1/ERK signaling mechanism that is potentially critical for CRC metastasis and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Yan-Xia Lu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Hui-Mei Zou
- School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Jian-Ming Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Yu-Han Hu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Xiao-Min Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Wen-Juan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Chun Lin
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Xue-Nong Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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28
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Manno B, Oellerich T, Schnyder T, Corso J, Lösing M, Neumann K, Urlaub H, Batista FD, Engelke M, Wienands J. The Dok-3/Grb2 adaptor module promotes inducible association of the lipid phosphatase SHIP with the BCR in a coreceptor-independent manner. Eur J Immunol 2016; 46:2520-2530. [PMID: 27550373 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The SH2 domain-containing inositol 5'-phosphatase (SHIP) plays a key role in preventing autoimmune phenomena by limiting antigen-mediated B cell activation. SHIP function is thought to require the dual engagement of the BCR and negative regulatory coreceptors as only the latter appear capable of recruiting SHIP from the cytosol to the plasma membrane by the virtue of phosphorylated immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs. Here, we demonstrate a coreceptor-independent membrane recruitment and function of SHIP in B cells. In the absence of coreceptor ligation, SHIP translocates to sites of BCR activation through a concerted action of the protein adaptor unit Dok-3/Grb2 and phosphorylated BCR signaling components. Our data reveal auto-inhibitory SHIP activation by the activated BCR and suggest an unexpected negative-regulatory capacity of immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs in Igα and Igβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Manno
- Georg August University of Göttingen, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Oellerich
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tim Schnyder
- Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute London, UK
| | - Jasmin Corso
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen
| | - Marion Lösing
- Georg August University of Göttingen, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Göttingen, Germany.,Vivo Science GmbH, Gronau, Germany
| | - Konstantin Neumann
- Georg August University of Göttingen, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen.,Bioanalytics Department of Clincal Chemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Facundo D Batista
- Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute London, UK
| | - Michael Engelke
- Georg August University of Göttingen, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Wienands
- Georg August University of Göttingen, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Göttingen, Germany.
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29
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Allen JC, Talab F, Slupsky JR. Targeting B-cell receptor signaling in leukemia and lymphoma: how and why? Int J Hematol Oncol 2016; 5:37-53. [PMID: 30302202 DOI: 10.2217/ijh-2016-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
B-lymphocytes are dependent on B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling for the constant maintenance of their physiological function, and in many B-cell malignancies this signaling pathway is prone to aberrant activation. This understanding has led to an ever-increasing interest in the signaling networks activated following ligation of the BCR in both normal and malignant cells, and has been critical in establishing an array of small molecule inhibitors targeting BCR-induced signaling. By dissecting how different malignancies signal through BCR, researchers are contributing to the design of more customized therapeutics which have greater efficacy and lower toxicity than previous therapies. This allows clinicians access to an array of approaches to best treat patients whose malignancies have BCR signaling as a driver of pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Allen
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK.,Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Fatima Talab
- Redx Oncology Plc, Duncan Building, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Daulby Street, Liverpool, L69 3GA, UK.,Redx Oncology Plc, Duncan Building, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Daulby Street, Liverpool, L69 3GA, UK
| | - Joseph R Slupsky
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK.,Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
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30
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Elucidation of tonic and activated B-cell receptor signaling in Burkitt's lymphoma provides insights into regulation of cell survival. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:5688-93. [PMID: 27155012 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1601053113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is a highly proliferative B-cell neoplasm and is treated with intensive chemotherapy that, because of its toxicity, is often not suitable for the elderly or for patients with endemic BL in developing countries. BL cell survival relies on signals transduced by B-cell antigen receptors (BCRs). However, tonic as well as activated BCR signaling networks and their relevance for targeted therapies in BL remain elusive. We have systematically characterized and compared tonic and activated BCR signaling in BL by quantitative phosphoproteomics to identify novel BCR effectors and potential drug targets. We identified and quantified ∼16,000 phospho-sites in BL cells. Among these sites, 909 were related to tonic BCR signaling, whereas 984 phospho-sites were regulated upon BCR engagement. The majority of the identified BCR signaling effectors have not been described in the context of B cells or lymphomas yet. Most of these newly identified BCR effectors are predicted to be involved in the regulation of kinases, transcription, and cytoskeleton dynamics. Although tonic and activated BCR signaling shared a considerable number of effector proteins, we identified distinct phosphorylation events in tonic BCR signaling. We investigated the functional relevance of some newly identified BCR effectors and show that ACTN4 and ARFGEF2, which have been described as regulators of membrane-trafficking and cytoskeleton-related processes, respectively, are crucial for BL cell survival. Thus, this study provides a comprehensive dataset for tonic and activated BCR signaling and identifies effector proteins that may be relevant for BL cell survival and thus may help to develop new BL treatments.
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31
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Morbach H, Schickel JN, Cunningham-Rundles C, Conley ME, Reisli I, Franco JL, Meffre E. CD19 controls Toll-like receptor 9 responses in human B cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 137:889-98.e6. [PMID: 26478008 PMCID: PMC4783287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD19 is a B cell-specific molecule that serves as a major costimulatory molecule for amplifying B-cell receptor (BCR) responses. Biallelic CD19 gene mutations cause common variable immunodeficiency in human subjects. BCR- and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9-induced B-cell responses are impaired in most patients with common variable immunodeficiency. OBJECTIVE We sought to analyze whether CD19 is required for TLR9 function in human B cells. METHODS Expression of surface activation markers was assessed after anti-IgM or CpG stimulation by using flow cytometry on B cells from patients with 1 or 2 defective CD19 alleles, which decrease or abrogate CD19 expression, respectively. The phosphorylation or interaction of signaling molecules was analyzed by using phospho flow cytometry, immunoblotting, or co-immunoprecipitation in CD19-deficient or control B cells and in a B-cell line in which CD19 has been knocked down with lentivirus-transduced short hairpin RNA. RESULTS B cells from subjects with 1 or 2 defective CD19 alleles showed defective upregulation in vitro of CD86, transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI), and CD23 activation markers after TLR9 stimulation. TLR9 ligands normally induce phosphorylation of CD19 through myeloid differentiation primary response gene-88 (MYD88)/proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (PYK2)/LYN complexes, which allows recruitment of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and phosphorylation of Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) and AKT in human B cells with a different kinetic than that of BCRs. In addition, inhibition of PI3K, AKT, or BTK, as well as BTK deficiency, also resulted in TLR9 activation defects in B cells similar to those in patients with CD19 deficiency. CONCLUSION CD19 is required for TLR9-induced B-cell activation. Hence CD19/PI3K/AKT/BTK is an essential axis integrating BCRs and TLR9 signaling in human B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henner Morbach
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | | | | | - Mary Ellen Conley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Memphis, Tenn
| | - Ismail Reisli
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Meram Medical Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Jose Luis Franco
- Group of Primary Immunodeficiencies, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Eric Meffre
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn.
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32
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Abstract
B cells provide immunity to extracellular pathogens by secreting a diverse repertoire of antibodies with high affinity and specificity for exposed antigens. The B cell receptor (BCR) is a transmembrane antibody, which facilitates the clonal selection of B cells producing secreted antibodies of the same specificity. The diverse antibody repertoire is generated by V(D)J recombination of heavy and light chain genes, whereas affinity maturation is mediated by activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID)-mediated mutagenesis. These processes, which are essential for the generation of adaptive humoral immunity, also render B cells susceptible to chromosomal rearrangements and point mutations that in some cases lead to cancer. In this chapter, we will review the central role of PI3K s in mediating signals from the B cell receptor that not only facilitate the development of functional B cell repertoire, but also support the growth and survival of neoplastic B cells, focusing on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells. Perhaps because of the central role played by PI3K in BCR signaling, B cell leukemia and lymphomas are the first diseases for which a PI3K inhibitor has been approved for clinical use.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- B-Lymphocytes/cytology
- B-Lymphocytes/enzymology
- Cell Survival
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/enzymology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/physiopathology
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Okkenhaug
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signaling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK.
| | - Jan A Burger
- Department of Leukemia, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara L Oeste
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Balbino Alarcón
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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34
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Tegge AN, Sharp N, Murali TM. Xtalk: a path-based approach for identifying crosstalk between signaling pathways. Bioinformatics 2015; 32:242-51. [PMID: 26400040 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Cells communicate with their environment via signal transduction pathways. On occasion, the activation of one pathway can produce an effect downstream of another pathway, a phenomenon known as crosstalk. Existing computational methods to discover such pathway pairs rely on simple overlap statistics. RESULTS We present Xtalk, a path-based approach for identifying pairs of pathways that may crosstalk. Xtalk computes the statistical significance of the average length of multiple short paths that connect receptors in one pathway to the transcription factors in another. By design, Xtalk reports the precise interactions and mechanisms that support the identified crosstalk. We applied Xtalk to signaling pathways in the KEGG and NCI-PID databases. We manually curated a gold standard set of 132 crosstalking pathway pairs and a set of 140 pairs that did not crosstalk, for which Xtalk achieved an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.65, a 12% improvement over the closest competing approach. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve varied with the pathway, suggesting that crosstalk should be evaluated on a pathway-by-pathway level. We also analyzed an extended set of 658 pathway pairs in KEGG and to a set of more than 7000 pathway pairs in NCI-PID. For the top-ranking pairs, we found substantial support in the literature (81% for KEGG and 78% for NCI-PID). We provide examples of networks computed by Xtalk that accurately recovered known mechanisms of crosstalk. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The XTALK software is available at http://bioinformatics.cs.vt.edu/~murali/software. Crosstalk networks are available at http://graphspace.org/graphs?tags=2015-bioinformatics-xtalk. CONTACT ategge@vt.edu, murali@cs.vt.edu SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison N Tegge
- Department of Computer Science, Department of Statistics and
| | | | - T M Murali
- Department of Computer Science, ICTAS Center for Systems Biology of Engineered Tissues, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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35
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Fiala GJ, Janowska I, Prutek F, Hobeika E, Satapathy A, Sprenger A, Plum T, Seidl M, Dengjel J, Reth M, Cesca F, Brummer T, Minguet S, Schamel WWA. Kidins220/ARMS binds to the B cell antigen receptor and regulates B cell development and activation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 212:1693-708. [PMID: 26324445 PMCID: PMC4577850 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20141271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Fiala et al. report that Kidins220/ARMS is a novel interactor of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) and its deletion impairs B cell development and B cell functioning. B cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling is critical for B cell development and activation. Using mass spectrometry, we identified a protein kinase D–interacting substrate of 220 kD (Kidins220)/ankyrin repeat–rich membrane-spanning protein (ARMS) as a novel interaction partner of resting and stimulated BCR. Upon BCR stimulation, the interaction increases in a Src kinase–independent manner. By knocking down Kidins220 in a B cell line and generating a conditional B cell–specific Kidins220 knockout (B-KO) mouse strain, we show that Kidins220 couples the BCR to PLCγ2, Ca2+, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) signaling. Consequently, BCR-mediated B cell activation was reduced in vitro and in vivo upon Kidins220 deletion. Furthermore, B cell development was impaired at stages where pre-BCR or BCR signaling is required. Most strikingly, λ light chain–positive B cells were reduced sixfold in the B-KO mice, genetically placing Kidins220 in the PLCγ2 pathway. Thus, our data indicate that Kidins220 positively regulates pre-BCR and BCR functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina J Fiala
- Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg and Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Iga Janowska
- Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg and Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabiola Prutek
- Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg and Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elias Hobeika
- Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg and Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Annyesha Satapathy
- Center of Synaptic Neuroscience, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Adrian Sprenger
- Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Plum
- Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg and Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Seidl
- Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jörn Dengjel
- Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Reth
- Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg and Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabrizia Cesca
- Center of Synaptic Neuroscience, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Tilman Brummer
- Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Susana Minguet
- Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg and Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang W A Schamel
- Department of Molecular Immunology, BioIII, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg and Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Department of Dermatology, Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg, and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Lu KH, Keppler S, Leithäuser F, Mattfeldt T, Castello A, Kostezka U, Küblbeck G, Schmitt S, Klevenz A, Prokosch S, Pougialis G, Pawson T, Batista F, Tafuri A, Arnold B. Nck adaptor proteins modulate differentiation and effector function of T cells. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 98:301-11. [PMID: 25995205 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1hi1114-565r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating T cell reactivity is required for successful reprogramming of immune responses in medical conditions, characterized by dysfunctions of the immune system. Nck proteins are cytoplasmic adaptors mediating diverse cellular functions, including TCR signaling. By enhancing TCR signal strength, Nck proteins influence thymic selection and regulate the size and sensitivity of the peripheral T cell repertoire. Here, we investigated the contribution of Nck proteins to CD4(+) T cell differentiation and effector function using Nck.T(-/-) mice. Impaired GC formation and reduced Tfh were observed in Nck.T(-/-) mice after immunization with T cell-dependent antigens. Th2/Tfh-related cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-10, and IL-21, were decreased in Nck.T(-/-) mice T cells. Moreover, an increased susceptibility to cell death of Tfh cells in Nck.T(-/-) mice was associated with decreased levels of Akt phosphorylation. As a result of this dysregulation in Tfh cells of Nck.T(-/-) mice, we found impaired production and affinity maturation of antibodies against T cell-dependent antigens. Thus, Nck proteins not only participate in thymic selection and generation of the peripheral T cell repertoire but also are involved in the differentiation and effector functions of CD4(+) T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Hui Lu
- *Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, London Research Institute-Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum, Ulm, Germany; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Selina Keppler
- *Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, London Research Institute-Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum, Ulm, Germany; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frank Leithäuser
- *Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, London Research Institute-Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum, Ulm, Germany; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Torsten Mattfeldt
- *Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, London Research Institute-Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum, Ulm, Germany; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angelo Castello
- *Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, London Research Institute-Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum, Ulm, Germany; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ulrike Kostezka
- *Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, London Research Institute-Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum, Ulm, Germany; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Günter Küblbeck
- *Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, London Research Institute-Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum, Ulm, Germany; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sabine Schmitt
- *Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, London Research Institute-Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum, Ulm, Germany; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandra Klevenz
- *Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, London Research Institute-Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum, Ulm, Germany; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandra Prokosch
- *Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, London Research Institute-Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum, Ulm, Germany; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Georg Pougialis
- *Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, London Research Institute-Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum, Ulm, Germany; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tony Pawson
- *Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, London Research Institute-Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum, Ulm, Germany; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Facundo Batista
- *Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, London Research Institute-Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum, Ulm, Germany; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Tafuri
- *Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, London Research Institute-Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum, Ulm, Germany; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bernd Arnold
- *Molecular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Lymphocyte Interaction Laboratory, London Research Institute-Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum, Ulm, Germany; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Yang Q, Modi P, Newcomb T, Quéva C, Gandhi V. Idelalisib: First-in-Class PI3K Delta Inhibitor for the Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Small Lymphocytic Leukemia, and Follicular Lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:1537-42. [PMID: 25670221 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Idelalisib [Zydelig (Gilead Sciences, Inc.), also known as CAL-101 and GS-1101] was approved in 2014 in the United States and European Union for the treatment of three indolent B-cell neoplasms: relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL, in combination with rituximab), relapsed follicular lymphoma, and relapsed small lymphocytic lymphoma (as monotherapy). Furthermore, it was approved in the European Union as first-line therapy for poor-prognosis CLL with 17p deletions or TP53 mutations and in patients unsuitable for chemoimmunotherapy. Idelalisib is an orally bioavailable ATP-competitive kinase inhibitor that targets the PI3K p110 isoform δ (PI3Kδ) with high potency and selectivity. PI3Kδ is hyperactivated in B-cell malignancies and plays a pivotal role in the B-cell receptor pathway, a key oncogenic driver in B-cell malignancies. The near exclusive expression of the PI3Kδ isoform in hematopoietic cells and the selectivity of idelalisib for the PI3Kδ isoform are essential for its efficacy and tolerability, even in elderly patients unfit for chemotherapy. Idelalisib is the first PI3K inhibitor approved by the regulatory agencies; this approval will change the treatment landscape of indolent B-cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshan Yang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Prexy Modi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | - Varsha Gandhi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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38
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Simma N, Bose T, Kahlfuss S, Mankiewicz J, Lowinus T, Lühder F, Schüler T, Schraven B, Heine M, Bommhardt U. NMDA-receptor antagonists block B-cell function but foster IL-10 production in BCR/CD40-activated B cells. Cell Commun Signal 2014; 12:75. [PMID: 25477292 PMCID: PMC4269920 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-014-0075-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND B cells are important effectors and regulators of adaptive and innate immune responses, inflammation and autoimmunity, for instance in anti-NMDA-receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. Thus, pharmacological modulation of B-cell function could be an effective regimen in therapeutic strategies. Since the non-competitive NMDAR antagonist memantine is clinically applied to treat advanced Alzheimer`s disease and ketamine is supposed to improve the course of resistant depression, it is important to know how these drugs affect B-cell function. RESULTS Non-competitive NMDAR antagonists impaired B-cell receptor (BCR)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced B-cell proliferation, reduced B-cell migration towards the chemokines SDF-1α and CCL21 and downregulated IgM and IgG secretion. Mechanistically, these effects were mediated through a blockade of Kv1.3 and KCa3.1 potassium channels and resulted in an attenuated Ca(2+)-flux and activation of Erk1/2, Akt and NFATc1. Interestingly, NMDAR antagonist treatment increased the frequency of IL-10 producing B cells after BCR/CD40 stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Non-competitive NMDAR antagonists attenuate BCR and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) B-cell signaling and effector function and can foster IL-10 production. Consequently, NMDAR antagonists may be useful to target B cells in autoimmune diseases or pathological systemic inflammation. The drugs' additional side effects on B cells should be considered in treatments of neuronal disorders with NMDAR antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasimhulu Simma
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Tanima Bose
- RG Molecular Physiology, Leibniz Institute of Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Sascha Kahlfuss
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Judith Mankiewicz
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Theresa Lowinus
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Fred Lühder
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Institute for Multiple Sclerosis Research and The Hertie Foundation, Waldweg 33, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Thomas Schüler
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Burkhart Schraven
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany. .,Department of Immune Control, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Martin Heine
- RG Molecular Physiology, Leibniz Institute of Neurobiology, Brenneckestr. 6, 39118, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Ursula Bommhardt
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Blanco R, Borroto A, Schamel W, Pereira P, Alarcon B. Conformational changes in the T cell receptor differentially determine T cell subset development in mice. Sci Signal 2014; 7:ra115. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2005650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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40
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Upadhyay M, Priya GK, Ramesh P, Madhavi MB, Rath S, Bal V, George A, Vaidya T. CD40 signaling drives B lymphocytes into an intermediate memory-like state, poised between naïve and plasma cells. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:1387-96. [PMID: 24482285 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Immunological memory comprising of antigen-specific B and T cells contributes to the acquisition of long-term resistance to pathogens. Interactions between CD40 on B cells and CD40L on T cells are responsible for several aspects of acquired immune responses including generation of memory B cells. In order to gain insights into events leading to memory B cell formation, we analyzed the genome-wide expression profile of murine naive B cells stimulated in the presence of anti-CD40. We have identified over 8,000 genes whose expression is altered minimally 1.5-fold at least at one time point over a 3-day time course. The array analysis indicates that changes in expression level of maximum number of these genes occur within 24 h of anti-CD40 treatment. In parallel, we have studied the events following CD40 ligation by examining the expression of known regulators of naive B cell to plasma cell transition, including Pax5 and BLIMP1. The expression profile of these regulatory genes indicates firstly, that CD40 signaling activates naïve B cells to a phenotype that is intermediate between the naive and plasma cell stages of the B cell differentiation. Secondly, the major known regulator of plasma cell differentiation, BLIMP1, gets irreversibly downregulated upon anti-CD40 treatment. Additionally, our data reveal that CD40 signaling mediated BLIMP1 downregulation occurs by non-Pax5/non-Bcl6 dependent mechanisms, indicating novel mechanisms at work that add to the complexity of understanding of B cell master regulatory molecules like BLIMP1 and Pax5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mala Upadhyay
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
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41
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Park SH, Kim HR, Jun CD, Song WK, Park SG. Spin90Deficiency Increases CXCL13-Mediated B Cell Migration. Scand J Immunol 2014; 80:191-7. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S.-H. Park
- Immune Synapse Research Center; School of Life Sciences; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju Korea
- Bioimaging Research Center; School of Life Sciences; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju Korea
| | - H.-R. Kim
- Immune Synapse Research Center; School of Life Sciences; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju Korea
| | - C.-D. Jun
- Immune Synapse Research Center; School of Life Sciences; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju Korea
| | - W. K. Song
- Immune Synapse Research Center; School of Life Sciences; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju Korea
- Bioimaging Research Center; School of Life Sciences; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju Korea
| | - S.-G. Park
- Immune Synapse Research Center; School of Life Sciences; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju Korea
- Bioimaging Research Center; School of Life Sciences; Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology; Gwangju Korea
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Mukherjee C, Bakthavachalu B, Schoenberg DR. The cytoplasmic capping complex assembles on adapter protein nck1 bound to the proline-rich C-terminus of Mammalian capping enzyme. PLoS Biol 2014; 12:e1001933. [PMID: 25137142 PMCID: PMC4138027 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
mRNA capping and decapping requires a cytoplasmic complex to maintain and/or restore the 5′ cap on a subset of the mammalian transcriptome; Nck1, an SH2/SH3 adapter, creates a scaffold upon which the cytoplasmic capping complex forms. Cytoplasmic capping is catalyzed by a complex that contains capping enzyme (CE) and a kinase that converts RNA with a 5′-monophosphate end to a 5′ diphosphate for subsequent addition of guanylic acid (GMP). We identify the proline-rich C-terminus as a new domain of CE that is required for its participation in cytoplasmic capping, and show the cytoplasmic capping complex assembles on Nck1, an adapter protein with functions in translation and tyrosine kinase signaling. Binding is specific to Nck1 and is independent of RNA. We show by sedimentation and gel filtration that Nck1 and CE are together in a larger complex, that the complex can assemble in vitro on recombinant Nck1, and Nck1 knockdown disrupts the integrity of the complex. CE and the 5′ kinase are juxtaposed by binding to the adjacent domains of Nck1, and cap homeostasis is inhibited by Nck1 with inactivating mutations in each of these domains. These results identify a new domain of CE that is specific to its function in cytoplasmic capping, and a new role for Nck1 in regulating gene expression through its role as the scaffold for assembly of the cytoplasmic capping complex. We previously described a cyclical process of mRNA decapping and recapping termed “cap homeostasis.” Recapping is catalyzed by a complex of cytoplasmic proteins that includes the enzyme known to catalyze nuclear capping, and a kinase that converts RNA with a 5′-monophosphate end to a 5′-diphosphate capping substrate. The current study shows these two enzymatic activities are brought together in the cytoplasmic capping complex as both bind to adjacent domains of the adapter protein Nck1. Nck1 is a cytoplasmic protein best known for transducing receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. We identify a proline-rich sequence at the C-terminus of a human capping enzyme that is required for binding to Nck1, and we show that this interaction is required for integrity of the cytoplasmic capping complex. Depletion of Nck1 causes the cytoplasmic capping complex to dissociate. The inhibition of cytoplasmic capping by Nck1 with mutations in either the 5′-kinase or capping enzyme binding sites identified a functional role for Nck1 in cap homeostasis and a previously unknown function for Nck1 in cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrama Mukherjee
- Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Baskar Bakthavachalu
- Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Daniel R. Schoenberg
- Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Slupsky JR. Does B cell receptor signaling in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells differ from that in other B cell types? SCIENTIFICA 2014; 2014:208928. [PMID: 25101192 PMCID: PMC4102070 DOI: 10.1155/2014/208928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is an incurable malignancy of mature B cells. CLL is important clinically in Western countries because of its commonality and because of the significant morbidity and mortality associated with the progressive form of this incurable disease. The B cell receptor (BCR) expressed on the malignant cells in CLL contributes to disease pathogenesis by providing signals for survival and proliferation, and the signal transduction pathway initiated by engagement of this receptor is now the target of several therapeutic strategies. The purpose of this review is to outline current understanding of the BCR signal cascade in normal B cells and then question whether this understanding applies to CLL cells. In particular, this review studies the phenomenon of anergy in CLL cells, and whether certain adaptations allow the cells to overcome anergy and allow full BCR signaling to take place. Finally, this review analyzes how BCR signals can be therapeutically targeted for the treatment of CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R. Slupsky
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, 6th Floor, Duncan Building, Daulby Street, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
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Xu Y, Xu L, Zhao M, Xu C, Fan Y, Pierce SK, Liu W. No receptor stands alone: IgG B-cell receptor intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms contribute to antibody memory. Cell Res 2014; 24:651-64. [PMID: 24839903 PMCID: PMC4042179 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2014.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired immunological memory is a striking phenomenon. A lethal epidemic sweeps through a naïve population, many die but those who survive are never "attacked twice - never at least fatally", as the historian Thucydides observed in 430 BCE. Antibody memory is critical for protection against many human infectious diseases and is the basis for nearly all current human vaccines. Antibody memory is encoded, in part, in isotype-switched immunoglobulin (Ig)G-expressing memory B cells that are generated in the primary response to antigen and give rise to rapid, high-affinity and high-titered antibody responses upon challenge with the same antigen. How IgG-B-cell receptors (BCRs) and antigen-induced IgG-BCR signaling contribute to memory antibody responses are not fully understood. In this review, we summarize exciting new advances that are revealing the cellular and molecular mechanisms at play in antibody memory and discuss how studies using different experimental approaches will help elucidate the complex phenomenon of B-cell memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinsheng Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liling Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - ChenGuang Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yilin Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Susan K Pierce
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Wanli Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Leu CM. Nck, a missing adaptor between the B-cell receptor complex and the BCAP/PI3K/Akt pathway. Cell Mol Immunol 2014; 11:120-2. [PMID: 24270472 PMCID: PMC4003375 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2013.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Borroto A, Arellano I, Blanco R, Fuentes M, Orfao A, Dopfer EP, Prouza M, Suchànek M, Schamel WW, Alarcón B. Relevance of Nck-CD3 epsilon interaction for T cell activation in vivo. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:2042-53. [PMID: 24470497 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1203414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
On TCR ligation, the adaptor Nck is recruited through its src homology 3.1 domain to a proline-rich sequence (PRS) in CD3ε. We have studied the relevance of this interaction for T cell activation in vitro and in vivo by targeting the interaction sites in both partners. The first approach consisted of studying a knockin (KI) mouse line (KI-PRS) bearing a conservative mutation in the PRS that makes the TCR incompetent to recruit Nck. This deficiency prevents T cell activation by Ag in vitro and inhibited very early TCR signaling events including the tyrosine phosphorylation of CD3ζ. Most important, KI-PRS mice are partly protected against the development of neurological symptoms in an experimental autoimmune encephalitis model, and show a deficient antitumoral response after vaccination. The second approach consisted of using a high-affinity peptide that specifically binds the src homology 3.1 domain and prevents the interaction of Nck with CD3ε. This peptide inhibits T cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. These data suggest that Nck recruitment to the TCR is fundamental to mount an efficient T cell response in vivo, and that the Nck-CD3ε interaction may represent a target for pharmacological modulation of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Borroto
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
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