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Urs AP, Goda C, Kulkarni R. Remodeling of the bone marrow microenvironment during acute myeloid leukemia progression. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2024; 12:63. [PMID: 39118939 PMCID: PMC11304419 DOI: 10.21037/atm-23-1824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis requires a complex interplay between the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and the cells of the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM). The BMM is heterogeneous, with different regions having distinct cellular, molecular, and metabolic composition and function. Studies have shown that this niche is disrupted in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which plays a crucial role in disease progression. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the components of vascular and endosteal niches and the molecular mechanisms by which they regulate normal hematopoiesis. We also discuss how these niches are modified in the context of AML, into a disease-promoting niche and how the modified niches in turn regulate AML blast survival and proliferation. We focus on mechanisms of modifications in structural and cellular components of the bone marrow (BM) niche by the AML cells and its impact on leukemic progression and patient outcome. Finally, we also discuss mechanisms by which the altered BM niche protects AML blasts from treatment agents, thereby causing therapy resistance in AML patients. We also summarize ongoing clinical trials that target various BM niche components in the treatment of AML patients. Hence, the BM niche represents a promising target to treat AML and promote normal hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amog P. Urs
- The Division of Hematology and Hematological Malignancies, Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Chinmayee Goda
- The Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rohan Kulkarni
- The Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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2
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Sukhnanan K, Ross JR, Chao NJ, Chen BJ. Endothelial Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Hematopoiesis. Radiat Res 2024; 202:215-226. [PMID: 38918003 DOI: 10.1667/rade-24-00039.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as a novel way of cell-to-cell communication in the last several decades. It is believed that EVs exert their functions on nearby or distant cells through transfer of the cargo that they carry. In this review, we focus on EVs produced by endothelial cells, with emphasis on their role in hematopoiesis. We first describe how endothelial cells interact with hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells during development and in disease conditions. We then discuss EVs, ranging from their subtypes to isolation methods and analysis of EVs. With the above background information, we next review the literature related to endothelial cell derived EVs (ECEVs), including physiological functions and their clinical uses. In the last sections, we summarize the current results about the effect of ECEVs on hematopoiesis under physiological and stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joel R Ross
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Nelson J Chao
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Benny J Chen
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Regeneration Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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3
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Engelhard S, Estruch M, Qin S, Engelhard CA, Rodriguez-Gonzalez FG, Drilsvik M, Martin-Gonzalez J, Lu JW, Bryder D, Nerlov C, Weischenfeldt J, Reckzeh K, Theilgaard-Mönch K. Endomucin marks quiescent long-term multi-lineage repopulating hematopoietic stem cells and is essential for their transendothelial migration. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114475. [PMID: 38996072 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Endomucin (EMCN) currently represents the only hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) marker expressed by both murine and human HSCs. Here, we report that EMCN+ long-term repopulating HSCs (LT-HSCs; CD150+CD48-LSK) have a higher long-term multi-lineage repopulating capacity compared to EMCN- LT-HSCs. Cell cycle analyses and transcriptional profiling demonstrated that EMCN+ LT-HSCs were more quiescent compared to EMCN- LT-HSCs. Emcn-/- and Emcn+/+ mice displayed comparable steady-state hematopoiesis, as well as frequencies, transcriptional programs, and long-term multi-lineage repopulating capacity of their LT-HSCs. Complementary functional analyses further revealed increased cell cycle entry upon treatment with 5-fluorouracil and reduced granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) mobilization of Emcn-/- LT-HSCs, demonstrating that EMCN expression by LT-HSCs associates with quiescence in response to hematopoietic stress and is indispensable for effective LT-HSC mobilization. Transplantation of wild-type bone marrow cells into Emcn-/- or Emcn+/+ recipients demonstrated that EMCN is essential for endothelial cell-dependent maintenance/self-renewal of the LT-HSC pool and sustained blood cell production post-transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Engelhard
- Biotech Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; The Finsen Laboratory, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Montserrat Estruch
- Biotech Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; The Finsen Laboratory, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shuyu Qin
- Biotech Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; The Finsen Laboratory, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christoph A Engelhard
- Center for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (BMB), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Francisco G Rodriguez-Gonzalez
- Biotech Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; The Finsen Laboratory, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martine Drilsvik
- Biotech Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; The Finsen Laboratory, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Javier Martin-Gonzalez
- Core Facility for Transgenic Mice, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jeng-Wei Lu
- Biotech Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; The Finsen Laboratory, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Bryder
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Claus Nerlov
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, UK
| | - Joachim Weischenfeldt
- Biotech Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; The Finsen Laboratory, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Reckzeh
- Biotech Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; The Finsen Laboratory, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Symphogen, Ballerup, Denmark.
| | - Kim Theilgaard-Mönch
- Biotech Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; The Finsen Laboratory, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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4
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Barisas DAG, Choi K. Extramedullary hematopoiesis in cancer. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:549-558. [PMID: 38443597 PMCID: PMC10985111 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01192-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis can occur outside of the bone marrow during inflammatory stress to increase the production of primarily myeloid cells at extramedullary sites; this process is known as extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH). As observed in a broad range of hematologic and nonhematologic diseases, EMH is now recognized for its important contributions to solid tumor pathology and prognosis. To initiate EMH, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are mobilized from the bone marrow into the circulation and to extramedullary sites such as the spleen and liver. At these sites, HSCs primarily produce a pathological subset of myeloid cells that contributes to tumor pathology. The EMH HSC niche, which is distinct from the bone marrow HSC niche, is beginning to be characterized. The important cytokines that likely contribute to initiating and maintaining the EMH niche are KIT ligands, CXCL12, G-CSF, IL-1 family members, LIF, TNFα, and CXCR2. Further study of the role of EMH may offer valuable insights into emergency hematopoiesis and therapeutic approaches against cancer. Exciting future directions for the study of EMH include identifying common and distinct EMH mechanisms in cancer, infectious diseases, and chronic autoimmune diseases to control these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek A G Barisas
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kyunghee Choi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Guan D, Yang Y, Pang M, Liu X, Li Y, Huang P, Shang H, Wei H, Ye Z. Indole-3-carboxaldehyde ameliorates ionizing radiation-induced hematopoietic injury by enhancing hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell quiescence. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:313-323. [PMID: 37067732 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04732-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3A), one of tryptophan metabolites derived from gut microbiota, extends the lifespan of mice after high-dose ionizing radiation exposure. Persistent myelosuppression is the most common and fatal complication for victims of nuclear accidents and patients undergoing radiotherapy, with few therapeutic options available. However, whether and how I3A protects ionizing radiation-induced hematopoietic toxicity remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that I3A treatment effectively ameliorated radiation-induced hematopoietic injury through accelerating peripheral blood cells recovery, promoting bone marrow cellularity restoration and enhancing functional HSPC regeneration. Additionally, I3A also suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen species production and inhibited apoptosis in irradiated HSPCs. Mechanistically, I3A treatment significantly increased HSPC quiescence, thus conferring HSPCs with resistance against radiation injury. Finally, I3A treatment could improve survival of lethally irradiated mice. Taken together, our data suggest that I3A acts as a gut microbiota-derived paracrine factor that regulates HSPC regeneration and may serve as a promising therapeutic agent for ionizing radiation-induced myelosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Guan
- Laboratary Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Yonghao Yang
- Laboratary Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Mao Pang
- Laboratary Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xinlei Liu
- Laboratary Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yang Li
- Laboratary Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Pengju Huang
- Laboratary Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Haitao Shang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Zhijia Ye
- Laboratary Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
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6
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Park E, Evans MA, Walsh K. Regulators of clonal hematopoiesis and physiological consequences of this condition. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AGING 2024; 4:3. [PMID: 39119355 PMCID: PMC11309374 DOI: 10.20517/jca.2023.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is a prevalent condition that results from somatic mutations in hematopoietic stem cells. When these mutations occur in "driver" genes, they can potentially confer fitness advantages to the affected cells, leading to a clonal expansion. While most clonal expansions of mutant cells are generally considered to be asymptomatic since they do not impact overall blood cell numbers, CH carriers face long-term risks of all-cause mortality and age-associated diseases, including cardiovascular disease and hematological malignancies. While considerable research has focused on understanding the association between CH and these diseases, less attention has been given to exploring the regulatory factors that contribute to the expansion of the driver gene clone. This review focuses on the association between environmental stressors and inherited genetic risk factors in the context of CH development. A better understanding of how these stressors impact CH development will facilitate mechanistic studies and potentially lead to new therapeutic avenues to treat individuals with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunbee Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Megan A. Evans
- Hematovascular Biology Center, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Kenneth Walsh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Hematovascular Biology Center, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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7
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Singh AK, Prasad P, Cancelas JA. Mesenchymal stromal cells, metabolism, and mitochondrial transfer in bone marrow normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1325291. [PMID: 38169927 PMCID: PMC10759248 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1325291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation-based treatments are in different phases of clinical development, ranging from current therapies to a promise in the repair and regeneration of diseased tissues and organs. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), which are fibroblast-like heterogeneous progenitors with multilineage differentiation (osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic) and self-renewal potential, and exist in the bone marrow (BM), adipose, and synovium, among other tissues, represent one of the most widely used sources of stem cells in regenerative medicine. MSCs derived from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) exhibit a variety of traits, including the potential to drive HSC fate and anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive capabilities via paracrine activities and interactions with the innate and adaptive immune systems. The role of BM-MSC-derived adipocytes is more controversial and may act as positive or negative regulators of benign or malignant hematopoiesis based on their anatomical location and functional crosstalk with surrounding cells in the BM microenvironment. This review highlights the most recent clinical and pre-clinical findings on how BM-MSCs interact with the surrounding HSCs, progenitors, and immune cells, and address some recent insights on the mechanisms that mediate MSCs and adipocyte metabolic control through a metabolic crosstalk between BM microenvironment cells and intercellular mitochondrial transfer in normal and malignant hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek K. Singh
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Parash Prasad
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jose A. Cancelas
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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8
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Kadono M, Nakashima A, Ishiuchi N, Sasaki K, Miura Y, Maeda S, Fujita A, Sasaki A, Nagamatsu S, Masaki T. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells cultured in serum-free medium attenuate acute contrast-induced nephropathy by exerting anti-apoptotic effects. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:337. [PMID: 37993965 PMCID: PMC10664307 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03553-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a major clinical problem associated with acute kidney injury during hospitalization. However, effective treatments for CIN are currently lacking. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have protective effects against kidney injury by suppressing inflammation and fibrosis. We previously showed that MSCs cultured in serum-free medium (SF-MSCs) enhance their anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects. However, whether SF-MSCs potentiate their anti-apoptotic effects is unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of SF-MSCs on a CIN mouse model. METHODS To create CIN model mice, we removed right kidney at first. One week later, the left renal artery was clamped for 30 min to cause ischemia-reperfusion injury, and mice were injected with iohexol. Then the kidney received 10 Gy of irradiation, and MSCs or SF-MSCs were injected immediately. At 24 h post-injection, mice were sacrificed, and their blood and kidneys were collected to evaluate renal function, DNA damage, and apoptosis. In addition, apoptosis was induced in HEK-293 cells by irradiation and cells were treated with conditioned medium from MSCs or SF-MSCs. RESULTS Treatment of CIN model mice with SF-MSCs markedly improved renal function compared with MSCs treatment. Cleaved caspase-3 levels and TUNEL-positive cell numbers were strongly suppressed in CIN model mice treated with SF-MSCs compared with the findings in those treated with MSCs. γH2AX levels, a chromosome damage marker, were reduced by MSCs and further reduced by SF-MSCs. In addition, cleaved caspase-3 in irradiated HEK-293 cells was more strongly suppressed by conditioned medium from SF-MSCs than by that from MSCs. Secretion of epidermal growth factor (EGF) was enhanced by culturing MSCs in serum-free medium. Knockdown of EGF by siRNA attenuated the inhibitory effects of SF-MSCs on CIN-induced renal dysfunction and tubular apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These findings strongly suggest that SF-MSCs improve CIN in model mice by exerting anti-apoptotic effects in a paracrine manner. Thus, SF-MSCs represent a potential novel therapy for CIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuki Kadono
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Ayumu Nakashima
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Naoki Ishiuchi
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kensuke Sasaki
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yoshie Miura
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
- TWOCELLS Company, Limited, 16-35 Hijiyama-Honmachi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 732-0816, Japan
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
- TWOCELLS Company, Limited, 16-35 Hijiyama-Honmachi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 732-0816, Japan
| | - Asuka Fujita
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Ayano Sasaki
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shogo Nagamatsu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Takao Masaki
- Department of Nephrology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
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Wu L, Lin Q, Chatla S, Amarachintha S, Wilson AF, Atale N, Gao ZJ, Joseph J, Wolff EV, Du W. LepR+ niche cell-derived AREG compromises hematopoietic stem cell maintenance under conditions of DNA repair deficiency and aging. Blood 2023; 142:1529-1542. [PMID: 37584437 PMCID: PMC10656728 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022018212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The cross talk between extrinsic niche-derived and intrinsic hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) factors controlling HSC maintenance remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated that amphiregulin (AREG) from bone marrow (BM) leptin receptor (LepR+) niche cells is an important factor that mediates the cross talk between the BM niche and HSCs in stem cell maintenance. Mice deficient of the DNA repair gene Brca2, specifically in LepR+ cells (LepR-Cre;Brca2fl/fl), exhibited increased frequencies of total and myeloid-biased HSCs. Furthermore, HSCs from LepR-Cre;Brca2fl/fl mice showed compromised repopulation, increased expansion of donor-derived, myeloid-biased HSCs, and increased myeloid output. Brca2-deficient BM LepR+ cells exhibited persistent DNA damage-inducible overproduction of AREG. Ex vivo treatment of wild-type HSCs or systemic treatment of C57BL/6 mice with recombinant AREG impaired repopulation, leading to HSC exhaustion. Conversely, inhibition of AREG by an anti-AREG-neutralizing antibody or deletion of the Areg gene in LepR-Cre;Brca2fl/fl mice rescued HSC defects caused by AREG. Mechanistically, AREG activated the phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, promoted HSC cycling, and compromised HSC quiescence. Finally, we demonstrated that BM LepR+ niche cells from other DNA repair-deficient and aged mice also showed persistent DNA damage-associated overexpression of AREG, which exerts similar negative effects on HSC maintenance. Therefore, we identified an important factor that regulates HSCs function under conditions of DNA repair deficiency and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Wu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Genome Stability Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Qiqi Lin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Srinivas Chatla
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Surya Amarachintha
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southwestern State University, Americus, GA
| | - Andrew F Wilson
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Neha Atale
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Genome Stability Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Zhenxia J Gao
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Genome Stability Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jonathan Joseph
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Medical Education, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Emily V Wolff
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Genome Stability Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Wei Du
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- Genome Stability Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA
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10
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Doan PL, Frei AC, Piryani SO, Szalewski N, Fan E, Himburg HA. Cord Blood-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells Promote In Vivo Regeneration of Human Hematopoietic Bone Marrow. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 116:1163-1174. [PMID: 36792018 PMCID: PMC11086728 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Victims of acute radiation exposure are susceptible to hematopoietic toxicity due to bone marrow damage and loss of mature blood elements. Here, we evaluated cord blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells (CB-EPCs) as a potential cellular therapy for mitigation of hematologic acute radiation syndrome. CB-EPCs express endothelial cell markers and maintain their growth characteristics beyond 10+ passages without diminishing their doubling capacity. Further, CB-EPCs can be cryopreserved in vapor-phase liquid nitrogen and easily recovered for propagation, making them an attractive nonimmunogenic cellular therapy for off-the-shelf use. Importantly, we show CB-EPCs have the capacity to potently expand adult human bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS AND MATERIALS To demonstrate the role of CB-EPCs in promoting in vivo human immune reconstitution after irradiation, we employed a novel humanized mouse model established by transplant of CD34+ bone marrow cells from 9 unique adult organ donors into immunocompromised NSG-SGM3 mice. The response of the humanized immune system to ionizing irradiation was then tested by exposure to 1 Gy followed by subcutaneous treatment of CB-EPCs, Food and Drug Administration-approved growth factor pegfilgrastim (0.3 mg/kg), or saline. RESULTS At day 7, total human bone marrow was decreased by 80% in irradiated controls. However, treatment with either growth factor pegfilgrastim or CB-EPCs increased recovery of total human bone marrow by 2.5-fold compared with saline. Notably, CB-EPCs also increased recovery of both human CD34+ progenitors by 5-fold and colony-forming capacity by 3-fold versus saline. Additionally, CB-EPCs promoted recovery of endogenous bone marrow endothelial cells as observed by both increased vessel area and length compared with saline. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate the feasibility of using humanized mice engrafted with adult bone marrow for radiation research and the development of CB-EPCs as an off-the-shelf cellular therapy for mitigation of hematologic acute radiation syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong L Doan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy; Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Sadhna O Piryani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy
| | | | - Elizabeth Fan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy
| | - Heather A Himburg
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
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11
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Crawford LB. Hematopoietic stem cells and betaherpesvirus latency. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1189805. [PMID: 37346032 PMCID: PMC10279960 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1189805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The human betaherpesviruses including human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), human herpesvirus (HHV)-6a and HHV-6b, and HHV-7 infect and establish latency in CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HPCs). The diverse repertoire of HPCs in humans and the complex interactions between these viruses and host HPCs regulate the viral lifecycle, including latency. Precise manipulation of host and viral factors contribute to preferential maintenance of the viral genome, increased host cell survival, and specific manipulation of the cellular environment including suppression of neighboring cells and immune control. The dynamic control of these processes by the virus regulate inter- and intra-host signals critical to the establishment of chronic infection. Regulation occurs through direct viral protein interactions and cellular signaling, miRNA regulation, and viral mimics of cellular receptors and ligands, all leading to control of cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Hematopoietic stem cells have unique biological properties and the tandem control of virus and host make this a unique environment for chronic herpesvirus infection in the bone marrow. This review highlights the elegant complexities of the betaherpesvirus latency and HPC virus-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey B Crawford
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
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12
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Biomimetic Prussian blue nanozymes with enhanced bone marrow-targeting for treatment of radiation-induced hematopoietic injury. Biomaterials 2023; 293:121980. [PMID: 36580722 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent medical need to develop effective therapies that can ameliorate damage to the radiation-exposed hematopoietic system. Nanozymes with robust antioxidant properties have a therapeutic potential for mitigating radiation-induced hematopoietic injury. However, enhancing nanozyme recruitment to injured tissues in vivo while maintaining their catalytic activity remains a great challenge. Herein, we present the design and preparation of a biomimetic nanoparticle, a mesenchymal stem cell membrane camouflaged Prussian blue nanozyme (PB@MSCM), which exhibits biocompatible surface properties and demonstrates enhanced injury site-targeting towards the irradiated murine bone marrow niche. Notably, the constructed PB@MSCM possessed redox enzyme-mimic catalytic activity and could scavenge overproduced reactive oxygen species in the irradiated bone marrow cells, both in vitro and ex vivo. More importantly, the administration of PB@MSCM significantly mitigated hematopoietic cell apoptosis and accelerated the regeneration of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Our findings provide a new targeted strategy to improve nanozyme therapy in vivo and mitigate radiation-induced hematopoietic injury.
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13
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Zhang B, Chen G, Wu X, Li Y, Xiao Y, Li J, He L, Li Y, Wang S, Zhao J, Liu C, Zhou H, Li Y, Pei X. Biomimetic Prussian blue nanozymes with enhanced bone marrow-targeting for treatment of radiation-induced hematopoietic injury. Biomaterials 2023; 293:121980. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
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14
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Sharma GP, Himburg HA. Organ-Specific Endothelial Dysfunction Following Total Body Irradiation Exposure. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10120747. [PMID: 36548580 PMCID: PMC9781710 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
As the single cell lining of the heart and all blood vessels, the vascular endothelium serves a critical role in maintaining homeostasis via control of vascular tone, immune cell recruitment, and macromolecular transit. For victims of acute high-dose radiation exposure, damage to the vascular endothelium may exacerbate the pathogenesis of acute and delayed multi-organ radiation toxicities. While commonalities exist between radiation-induced endothelial dysfunction in radiosensitive organs, the vascular endothelium is known to be highly heterogeneous as it is required to serve tissue and organ specific roles. In keeping with its organ and tissue specific functionality, the molecular and cellular response of the endothelium to radiation injury varies by organ. Therefore, in the development of medical countermeasures for multi-organ injury, it is necessary to consider organ and tissue-specific endothelial responses to both injury and candidate mitigators. The purpose of this review is to summarize the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction following total or near total body irradiation exposure at the level of individual radiosensitive organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guru Prasad Sharma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Heather A. Himburg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(414)-955-4676
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15
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Centella asiatica-Derived Endothelial Paracrine Restores Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Radiation-Induced Enteritis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162544. [PMID: 36010621 PMCID: PMC9406831 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced enteritis is frequently observed following radiotherapy for cancer or occurs due to radiation exposure in a nuclear accident. The loss of the epithelial integrity leads to ‘leaky gut’, so recovery of damaged epithelium is an important strategy in therapeutic trials. Centella asiatica (CA), a traditional herbal medicine, is widely used for wound healing by protecting against endothelial damage. In this study, we investigated the radio-mitigating effect of CA, focusing on the crosstalk between endothelial and epithelial cells. CA treatment relieved radiation-induced endothelial dysfunction and mitigated radiation-induced enteritis. In particular, treatment of the conditioned media from CA-treated irradiated endothelial cells recovered radiation-induced epithelial barrier damage. We also determined that epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a critical factor secreted by CA-treated irradiated endothelial cells. Treatment with EGF effectively improved the radiation-induced epithelial barrier dysfunction. We also identified the therapeutic effects of CA-induced endothelial paracrine in a radiation-induced enteritis mouse model with epithelial barrier restoration. Otherwise, CA treatment did not show radioprotective effects on colorectal tumors in vivo. We showed therapeutic effects of CA on radiation-induced enteritis, with the recovery of endothelial and epithelial dysfunction. Thus, our findings suggest that CA is an effective radio-mitigator against radiation-induced enteritis.
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16
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Obrador E, Salvador-Palmer R, Villaescusa JI, Gallego E, Pellicer B, Estrela JM, Montoro A. Nuclear and Radiological Emergencies: Biological Effects, Countermeasures and Biodosimetry. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1098. [PMID: 35739995 PMCID: PMC9219873 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Atomic and radiological crises can be caused by accidents, military activities, terrorist assaults involving atomic installations, the explosion of nuclear devices, or the utilization of concealed radiation exposure devices. Direct damage is caused when radiation interacts directly with cellular components. Indirect effects are mainly caused by the generation of reactive oxygen species due to radiolysis of water molecules. Acute and persistent oxidative stress associates to radiation-induced biological damages. Biological impacts of atomic radiation exposure can be deterministic (in a period range a posteriori of the event and because of destructive tissue/organ harm) or stochastic (irregular, for example cell mutation related pathologies and heritable infections). Potential countermeasures according to a specific scenario require considering basic issues, e.g., the type of radiation, people directly affected and first responders, range of doses received and whether the exposure or contamination has affected the total body or is partial. This review focuses on available medical countermeasures (radioprotectors, radiomitigators, radionuclide scavengers), biodosimetry (biological and biophysical techniques that can be quantitatively correlated with the magnitude of the radiation dose received), and strategies to implement the response to an accidental radiation exposure. In the case of large-scale atomic or radiological events, the most ideal choice for triage, dose assessment and victim classification, is the utilization of global biodosimetry networks, in combination with the automation of strategies based on modular platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Obrador
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.S.-P.); (B.P.); (J.M.E.)
| | - Rosario Salvador-Palmer
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.S.-P.); (B.P.); (J.M.E.)
| | - Juan I. Villaescusa
- Service of Radiological Protection, Clinical Area of Medical Image, La Fe University Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (J.I.V.); (A.M.)
- Biomedical Imaging Research Group GIBI230, Health Research Institute (IISLaFe), La Fe University Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Gallego
- Energy Engineering Department, School of Industrial Engineering, Polytechnic University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Blanca Pellicer
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.S.-P.); (B.P.); (J.M.E.)
| | - José M. Estrela
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (R.S.-P.); (B.P.); (J.M.E.)
| | - Alegría Montoro
- Service of Radiological Protection, Clinical Area of Medical Image, La Fe University Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (J.I.V.); (A.M.)
- Biomedical Imaging Research Group GIBI230, Health Research Institute (IISLaFe), La Fe University Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
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17
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Xue J, Du R, Ling S, Song J, Yuan X, Liu C, Sun W, Li Y, Zhong G, Wang Y, Yuan G, Jin X, Liu Z, Zhao D, Li Y, Xing W, Fan Y, Liu Z, Pan J, Zhen Z, Zhao Y, Yang Q, Li J, Chang YZ, Li Y. Osteoblast Derived Exosomes Alleviate Radiation- Induced Hematopoietic Injury. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:850303. [PMID: 35528209 PMCID: PMC9070646 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.850303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As hematopoietic stem cells can differentiate into all hematopoietic lineages, mitigating the damage to hematopoietic stem cells is important for recovery from overdose radiation injury. Cells in bone marrow microenvironment are essential for hematopoietic stem cells maintenance and protection, and many of the paracrine mediators have been discovered in shaping hematopoietic function. Several recent reports support exosomes as effective regulators of hematopoietic stem cells, but the role of osteoblast derived exosomes in hematopoietic stem cells protection is less understood. Here, we investigated that osteoblast derived exosomes could alleviate radiation damage to hematopoietic stem cells. We show that intravenous injection of osteoblast derived exosomes promoted WBC, lymphocyte, monocyte and hematopoietic stem cells recovery after irradiation significantly. By sequencing osteoblast derived exosomes derived miRNAs and verified in vitro, we identified miR-21 is involved in hematopoietic stem cells protection via targeting PDCD4. Collectively, our data demonstrate that osteoblast derived exosomes derived miR-21 is a resultful regulator to radio-protection of hematopoietic stem cells and provide a new strategy for reducing radiation induced hematopoietic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqi Xue
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ruikai Du
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shukuan Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jinping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Caizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Weijia Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Guohui Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yinbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Guodong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zizhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Dingsheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Youyou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjuan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zifan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yunzhang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qinna Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Zhong Chang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yingxian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
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18
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Koide S, Sigurdsson V, Radulovic V, Saito K, Zheng Z, Lang S, Soneji S, Iwama A, Miharada K. CD244 expression represents functional decline of murine hematopoietic stem cells after in vitro culture. iScience 2022; 25:103603. [PMID: 35005548 PMCID: PMC8718822 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolation of long-term hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) is possible by utilizing flow cytometry with multiple cell surface markers. However, those cell surface phenotypes do not represent functional HSCs after in vitro culture. Here we show that cultured HSCs express mast cell-related genes including Cd244. After in vitro culture, phenotypic HSCs were divided into CD244- and CD244+ subpopulations, and only CD244- cells that have low mast cell gene expression and maintain HSC-related genes sustain reconstitution potential. The result was same when HSCs were cultured in an efficient expansion medium containing polyvinyl alcohol. Chemically induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signal increased the CD244+ subpopulation, whereas ER stress suppression using a molecular chaperone, TUDCA, decreased CD244+ population, which was correlated to improved reconstitution output. These data suggest CD244 is a potent marker to exclude non-functional HSCs after in vitro culture thereby useful to elucidate mechanism of functional decline of HSCs during ex vivo treatment. Murine HSCs up-regulate mast cell-related genes including Cd244 during in vitro culture Long-term HSCs after in vitro culture are enriched in CD244−CD48−KSL population Induction of unfolded protein response is involved in the increase of CD244+HSC
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Koide
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 108-0071 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Valgardur Sigurdsson
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Visnja Radulovic
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Kiyoka Saito
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 860-0811 Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Zhiqian Zheng
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 108-0071 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stefan Lang
- StemTherapy Bioinformatics Core Facility, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Shamit Soneji
- StemTherapy Bioinformatics Core Facility, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Atsushi Iwama
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 108-0071 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Miharada
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 860-0811 Kumamoto, Japan
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19
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Vascular Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Homeostasis, Regeneration, and Aging. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2021; 7:194-203. [PMID: 34868826 PMCID: PMC8639543 DOI: 10.1007/s40778-021-00198-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) sit at the top of the hierarchy that meets the daily burden of blood production. HSC maintenance relies on extrinsic cues from the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment to balance stem cell self-renewal and cell fate decisions. In this brief review, we will highlight the studies and model systems that define the centralized role of BM vascular endothelium in modulating HSC activity in health and stress. Recent Findings The BM microenvironment is composed of a diverse array of intimately associated vascular and perivascular cell types. Recent dynamic imaging studies, coupled with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and functional readouts, have advanced our understanding of the HSC-supportive cell types and their cooperative mechanisms that govern stem cell fate during homeostasis, regeneration, and aging. These findings have established complex and discrete vascular microenvironments within the BM that express overlapping and unique paracrine signals that modulate HSC fate. Summary Understanding the spatial and reciprocal HSC-niche interactions and the molecular mechanisms that govern HSC activity in the BM vascular microenvironment will be integral in developing therapies aimed at ameliorating hematological disease and supporting healthy hematopoietic output.
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20
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Termini CM, Pang A, Fang T, Roos M, Chang VY, Zhang Y, Setiawan NJ, Signaevskaia L, Li M, Kim MM, Tabibi O, Lin PK, Sasine JP, Chatterjee A, Murali R, Himburg HA, Chute JP. Neuropilin 1 regulates bone marrow vascular regeneration and hematopoietic reconstitution. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6990. [PMID: 34848712 PMCID: PMC8635308 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27263-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation and chemotherapy deplete hematopoietic stem cells and damage the vascular niche wherein hematopoietic stem cells reside. Hematopoietic stem cell regeneration requires signaling from an intact bone marrow (BM) vascular niche, but the mechanisms that control BM vascular niche regeneration are poorly understood. We report that BM vascular endothelial cells secrete semaphorin 3 A (SEMA3A) in response to myeloablation and SEMA3A induces p53 - mediated apoptosis in BM endothelial cells via signaling through its receptor, Neuropilin 1 (NRP1), and activation of cyclin dependent kinase 5. Endothelial cell - specific deletion of Nrp1 or Sema3a or administration of anti-NRP1 antibody suppresses BM endothelial cell apoptosis, accelerates BM vascular regeneration and concordantly drives hematopoietic reconstitution in irradiated mice. In response to NRP1 inhibition, BM endothelial cells increase expression and secretion of the Wnt signal amplifying protein, R spondin 2. Systemic administration of anti - R spondin 2 blocks HSC regeneration and hematopoietic reconstitution which otherwise occurrs in response to NRP1 inhibition. SEMA3A - NRP1 signaling promotes BM vascular regression following myelosuppression and therapeutic blockade of SEMA3A - NRP1 signaling in BM endothelial cells accelerates vascular and hematopoietic regeneration in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Termini
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Hematology & Cellular Therapy, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amara Pang
- Division of Hematology & Cellular Therapy, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tiancheng Fang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Martina Roos
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vivian Y Chang
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yurun Zhang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicollette J Setiawan
- Division of Hematology & Cellular Therapy, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lia Signaevskaia
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Li
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mindy M Kim
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Orel Tabibi
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paulina K Lin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joshua P Sasine
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Hematology & Cellular Therapy, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Avradip Chatterjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Division of Immunology, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Ramachandran Murali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Division of Immunology, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Heather A Himburg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - John P Chute
- Division of Hematology & Cellular Therapy, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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21
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Sweeney R, Esmail F, Mirza KM, Nand S. Hypercellular bone marrow in aplastic anemia: A case report of two patients. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e04845. [PMID: 34853682 PMCID: PMC8612008 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aplastic anemia is a disorder of bone marrow failure characterized by a hypocellular bone marrow. We report two cases with an initial hypercellular bone marrow at the time of presentation, suggesting a new phase in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Sweeney
- Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of MedicineLoyola University Medical CenterMaywoodIllinoisUSA
| | - Fatema Esmail
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of Internal MedicineLoyola University Medical CenterMaywoodIllinoisUSA
| | - Kamran M. Mirza
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineLoyola University Medical CenterMaywoodIllinoisUSA
| | - Sucha Nand
- Division of Hematology/OncologyDepartment of Internal MedicineLoyola University Medical CenterMaywoodIllinoisUSA
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22
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Gao L, Decker M, Chen H, Ding L. Thrombopoietin from hepatocytes promotes hematopoietic stem cell regeneration after myeloablation. eLife 2021; 10:e69894. [PMID: 34463253 PMCID: PMC8457823 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow niche plays critical roles in hematopoietic recovery and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) regeneration after myeloablative stress. However, it is not clear whether systemic factors beyond the local niche are required for these essential processes in vivo. Thrombopoietin (THPO) is a key cytokine promoting hematopoietic rebound after myeloablation and its transcripts are expressed by multiple cellular sources. The upregulation of bone marrow-derived THPO has been proposed to be crucial for hematopoietic recovery and HSC regeneration after stress. Nonetheless, the cellular source of THPO in myeloablative stress has never been investigated genetically. We assessed the functional sources of THPO following two common myeloablative perturbations: 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) administration and irradiation. Using a Thpo translational reporter, we found that the liver but not the bone marrow is the major source of THPO protein after myeloablation. Mice with conditional Thpo deletion from osteoblasts and/or bone marrow stromal cells showed normal recovery of HSCs and hematopoiesis after myeloablation. In contrast, mice with conditional Thpo deletion from hepatocytes showed significant defects in HSC regeneration and hematopoietic rebound after myeloablation. Thus, systemic THPO from the liver is necessary for HSC regeneration and hematopoietic recovery in myeloablative stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Gao
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, United StatesNew YorkUnited States
| | - Matthew Decker
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, United StatesNew YorkUnited States
| | - Haidee Chen
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, United StatesNew YorkUnited States
| | - Lei Ding
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, United StatesNew YorkUnited States
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23
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Sinenko SA, Starkova TY, Kuzmin AA, Tomilin AN. Physiological Signaling Functions of Reactive Oxygen Species in Stem Cells: From Flies to Man. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:714370. [PMID: 34422833 PMCID: PMC8377544 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.714370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, are generated as byproducts of oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria or via cell signaling-induced NADPH oxidases in the cytosol. In the recent two decades, a plethora of studies established that elevated ROS levels generated by oxidative eustress are crucial physiological mediators of many cellular and developmental processes. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of ROS generation and regulation, current understanding of ROS functions in the maintenance of adult and embryonic stem cells, as well as in the process of cell reprogramming to a pluripotent state. Recently discovered cell-non-autonomous ROS functions mediated by growth factors are crucial for controlling cell differentiation and cellular immune response in Drosophila. Importantly, many physiological functions of ROS discovered in Drosophila may allow for deciphering and understanding analogous processes in human, which could potentially lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches in ROS-associated diseases treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Sinenko
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Andrey A Kuzmin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexey N Tomilin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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24
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Dias MH, Bernards R. Playing cancer at its own game: activating mitogenic signaling as a paradoxical intervention. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:1975-1985. [PMID: 33955157 PMCID: PMC8333773 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In psychotherapy, paradoxical interventions are characterized by a deliberate reinforcement of the pathological behavior to improve the clinical condition. Such a counter-intuitive approach can be considered when more conventional interventions fail. The development of targeted cancer therapies has enabled the selective inhibition of activated oncogenic signaling pathways. However, in advanced cancers, such therapies, on average, deliver modest benefits due to the development of resistance. Here, we review the perspective of a 'paradoxical intervention' in cancer therapy: rather than attempting to inhibit oncogenic signaling, the proposed therapy would further activate mitogenic signaling to disrupt the labile homeostasis of cancer cells and overload stress response pathways. Such overactivation can potentially be combined with stress-targeted drugs to kill overstressed cancer cells. Although counter-intuitive, such an approach exploits intrinsic and ubiquitous differences between normal and cancer cells. We discuss the background underlying this unconventional approach and how such intervention might address some current challenges in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Henrique Dias
- Division of Molecular CarcinogenesisOncode InstituteThe Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - René Bernards
- Division of Molecular CarcinogenesisOncode InstituteThe Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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25
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Wu G, Cheng Zhang C. Membrane protein CAR promotes hematopoietic regeneration upon stress. Haematologica 2021; 106:2180-2190. [PMID: 32586901 PMCID: PMC8327706 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.243998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are quiescent most of the time, and how HSC switch from quiescence to proliferation following hematopoietic stress is unclear. Here we demonstrate that upon stress the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor CAR (also known as CXADR) is upregulated in HSC and critical for HSC entry into the cell cycle. Wild-type HSC were detected with more rapid repopulation ability than the CAR knockout counterparts. After fluorouracil treatment, CAR knockout HSC had lower levels of Notch1 expression and elevated protein level of Numb, a Notch antagonist. The Notch signaling inhibitor DAPT, dominant negative form of MAML (a transcriptional coactivator of Notch), or dominant negative mutant of LNX2 (an E3 ligase that acts on Numb and binds to CAR), all were capable of abrogating the function of CAR in HSC. We conclude that CAR activates Notch1 signaling by downregulating Numb protein expression to facilitate entry of quiescent HSC into the cell cycle during regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojin Wu
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Cheng Cheng Zhang
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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26
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Sottoriva K, Pajcini KV. Notch Signaling in the Bone Marrow Lymphopoietic Niche. Front Immunol 2021; 12:723055. [PMID: 34394130 PMCID: PMC8355626 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.723055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifelong mammalian hematopoiesis requires continuous generation of mature blood cells that originate from Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (HSPCs) situated in the post-natal Bone Marrow (BM). The BM microenvironment is inherently complex and extensive studies have been devoted to identifying the niche that maintains HSPC homeostasis and supports hematopoietic potential. The Notch signaling pathway is required for the emergence of the definitive Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC) during embryonic development, but its role in BM HSC homeostasis is convoluted. Recent work has begun to explore novel roles for the Notch signaling pathway in downstream progenitor populations. In this review, we will focus an important role for Notch signaling in the establishment of a T cell primed sub-population of Common Lymphoid Progenitors (CLPs). Given that its activation mechanism relies primarily on cell-to-cell contact, Notch signaling is an ideal means to investigate and define a novel BM lymphopoietic niche. We will discuss how new genetic model systems indicate a pre-thymic, BM-specific role for Notch activation in early T cell development and what this means to the paradigm of lymphoid lineage commitment. Lastly, we will examine how leukemic T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) blasts take advantage of Notch and downstream lymphoid signals in the pathological BM niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian Sottoriva
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kostandin V Pajcini
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
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27
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Killer K, Le O, Beauséjour C. The Intracerebroventricular Injection of Murine Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Engineered to Secrete Epidermal Growth Factor Does Not Prevent Loss of Neurogenesis in Irradiated Mice. Radiat Res 2021; 196:315-322. [PMID: 34107047 DOI: 10.1667/rade-21-00017.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Decreased neurogenesis after brain exposure to ionizing radiation is linked to neurocognitive impairments. Using transgenic mouse models, we previously showed that abrogation of radiation-induced senescence, or apoptosis, can partially rescue neurogenesis in the subventricular and hippocampus regions. Here, we evaluate whether the injection of recombinant epidermal growth factor (rEGF) or mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) engineered to secrete EGF (MSC-EGF) can preserve neurogenesis. Using doublecortin (Dcx) expression and BrdU incorporation assays, we found that the injection of rEGF into the subventricular zone (SVZ) promotes neurogenesis, despite increasing apoptosis, in the brain of irradiated mice. The effect of rEGF was mostly localized, as Dcx expression was not induced in the hippocampus region and limited in the contralateral SVZ. Surprisingly, the injection of bone marrow-derived MSC alone, or secreting EGF, did not result in increased neurogenesis despite the fact that part of the MSC survived a few weeks after injection. Our results suggest that only a supraphysiological concentration of rEGF can promote neurogenesis, likely through a direct mitogenic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Killer
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Ste-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Oanh Le
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Ste-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Christian Beauséjour
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Ste-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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28
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Induction of blood-circulating bile acids supports recovery from myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Blood Adv 2021; 4:1833-1843. [PMID: 32365188 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic agents can reduce bone marrow (BM) activity, causing myelosuppression, a common life-threatening complication of cancer treatment. It is challenging to predict the patients in whom prolonged myelosuppression will occur, resulting in a delay or discontinuation of the treatment protocol. An early indicator of recovery from myelosuppression would thus be highly beneficial in clinical settings. In this study, bile acids (BAs) were highly increased in the systemic circulation as a natural response during recovery from myelosuppression, supporting regeneration of BM cells. BA levels in the blood of pediatric cancer patients and mice treated with chemotherapeutic agents were increased, in synchrony with early proliferation of BM cells and recovery from myelosuppression. In a mouse model of altered BA composition, Cyp8b1 knockout mice, a subset of mice recovered poorly after chemotherapy. The poor recovery correlated with low levels and changes in composition of BAs in the liver and systemic circulation. Conversely, BA supplementation in chemotherapy-treated wild-type mice resulted in significantly improved recovery. The results suggest that part of the mechanism by which BAs support recovery is the suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways in expanding and recovering hematopoietic cells. The findings propose a novel role of BAs as early markers of recovery and active components of the recovery process after chemotherapy.
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29
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Broustas CG, Duval AJ, Amundson SA. Impact of aging on gene expression response to x-ray irradiation using mouse blood. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10177. [PMID: 33986387 PMCID: PMC8119453 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89682-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a radiation biodosimetry tool, gene expression profiling is being developed using mouse and human peripheral blood models. The impact of dose, dose-rate, and radiation quality has been studied with the goal of predicting radiological tissue injury. In this study, we determined the impact of aging on the gene expression profile of blood from mice exposed to radiation. Young (2 mo) and old (21 mo) male mice were irradiated with 4 Gy x-rays, total RNA was isolated from whole blood 24 h later, and subjected to whole genome microarray analysis. Pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed young mice responded to x-ray exposure by significantly upregulating pathways involved in apoptosis and phagocytosis, a process that eliminates apoptotic cells and preserves tissue homeostasis. In contrast, the functional annotation of senescence was overrepresented among differentially expressed genes from irradiated old mice without enrichment of phagocytosis pathways. Pathways associated with hematologic malignancies were enriched in irradiated old mice compared with irradiated young mice. The fibroblast growth factor signaling pathway was underrepresented in older mice under basal conditions. Similarly, brain-related functions were underrepresented in unirradiated old mice. Thus, age-dependent gene expression differences should be considered when developing gene signatures for use in radiation biodosimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos G Broustas
- Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Axel J Duval
- Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Sally A Amundson
- Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
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30
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Abstract
Obesity and obesity-related diseases like type 2 diabetes (T2D) are prominent global health issues; therefore, there is a need to better understand the mechanisms underlying these conditions. The onset of obesity is characterized by accumulation of proinflammatory cells, including Ly6chi monocytes (which differentiate into proinflammatory macrophages) and neutrophils, in metabolic tissues. This shift toward chronic, low-grade inflammation is an obese-state hallmark and highly linked to metabolic disorders and other obesity comorbidities. The mechanisms that induce and maintain increased inflammatory myelopoiesis are of great interest, with a recent focus on how obesity affects more primitive hematopoietic cells. The hematopoietic system is constantly replenished by proper regulation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor (HSPC) pools in the BM. While early research suggests that chronic obesity promotes expansion of myeloid-skewed HSPCs, the involvement of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche in regulating obesity-induced myelopoiesis remains undefined. In this review, we explore the role of the multicellular HSC niche in hematopoiesis and inflammation, and the potential contribution of this niche to the hematopoietic response to obesity. This review further aims to summarize the potential HSC niche involvement as a target of obesity-induced inflammation and a driver of obesity-induced myelopoiesis.
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31
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Kam AYF, Piryani SO, Lee CL, Rizzieri DA, Spector NL, Sarantopoulos S, Doan PL. Selective ERBB2 and BCL2 Inhibition Is Synergistic for Mitochondrial-Mediated Apoptosis in MDS and AML Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:886-899. [PMID: 33514658 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ERBB2 proto-oncogene is associated with an aggressive phenotype in breast cancer. Its role in hematologic malignancies is incompletely defined, in part because ERBB2 is not readily detected on the surface of cancer cells. We demonstrate that truncated ERBB2, which lacks the extracellular domain, is overexpressed on primary CD34+ myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells compared with healthy hematopoietic cells. This overexpression of ERBB2 is associated with aberrant, oncogenic signaling with autophosphorylation of multiple tyrosine sites. Like in breast cancers, ERBB2 can exist as truncated isoforms p95ERBB2 and p110ERBB2 in MDS and AML. Neutralization of ERBB2 signaling with ERBB2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (i.e., lapatinib, afatinib, and neratinib) increases apoptotic cell death and reduces human engraftment of MDS cells in mice at 21 weeks posttransplantation. Inhibition of ERBB2 modulates the expression of multiple pro- and anti-apoptotic mitochondrial proteins, including B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2). Dual blockade with ERBB2 and BCL2 inhibitors triggers additional reductions of BCL2 phosphorylation and myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL1) expression compared with single drug treatment. Dual therapy was synergistic at all tested doses, with a dose reduction index of up to 29 for lapatinib + venetoclax compared with venetoclax alone. Notably, these agents operated together and shifted cancer cells to a pro-apoptotic phenotype, resulting in increased mitochondrial cytochrome c release and activated caspase-3-mediated cell death. IMPLICATIONS: These findings warrant study of ERBB2 and BCL2 combination therapy in patients with MDS and AML. VISUAL OVERVIEW: http://mcr.aacrjournals.org/content/molcanres/19/5/886/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Y F Kam
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Sadhna O Piryani
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Chang-Lung Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - David A Rizzieri
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Neil L Spector
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Stefanie Sarantopoulos
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Phuong L Doan
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. .,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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32
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Zhan H, Kaushansky K. The Hematopoietic Microenvironment in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: The Interplay Between Nature (Stem Cells) and Nurture (the Niche). ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1273:135-145. [PMID: 33119879 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49270-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) rely on instructive cues from the marrow microenvironment for their maintenance and function. Accumulating evidence indicates that the survival and proliferation of hematopoietic neoplasms are dependent not only on cell-intrinsic, genetic mutations, and other molecular alterations present within neoplastic stem cells, but also on the ability of the surrounding microenvironmental cells to nurture and promote the malignancy. It is anticipated that a better understanding of the molecular and cellular events responsible for these microenvironmental features of neoplastic hematopoiesis will lead to improved treatment for patients. This review will focus on the myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF), in which an acquired signaling kinase mutation (JAK2V617F) plays a central, pathogenetic role in 50-100% of patients with these disorders. Evidence is presented that the development of an MPN requires both an abnormal, mutation-bearing (i.e., neoplastic) HSC and an abnormal, mutation-bearing microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichun Zhan
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA. .,Northport VA Medical Center, Northport, NY, USA.
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34
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Muniswami DM, Reddy LVK, Amirtham SM, Babu S, Raj AN, Sen D, Manivasagam G. Endothelial progenitor/stem cells in engineered vessels for vascular transplantation. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2020; 31:119. [PMID: 33247781 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06458-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunction of blood vessel leads to aneurysms, myocardial infarction and other thrombosis conditions. Current treatment strategies are transplantation of blood vessels from one part of the body to other dysfunction area, or allogenic, synthetic. Due to shortage of the donor, painful dissection, and lack of efficacy in synthetic, there is a need for alternative to native blood vessels for transplantation. METHODS Human umbilical-cord tissue obtained from the hospital with the informed consent. Umbilical-cord blood vessels were isolated for decellularization and to establish endothelial cell culture. Cultured cells were characterized by immunophenotype, gene expression and in vitro angiogenesis assay. Decellularized blood vessels were recellularized with the endothelial progenitors and Wharton jelly, CL MSCs (1:1), which was characterized by MTT, biomechanical testing, DNA content, SEM and histologically. Bioengineered vessels were transplanted into the animal models to evaluate their effect. RESULTS Cultured cells express CD31 and CD14 determining endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). EPCs expresses various factors such as angiopoitin1, VWF, RANTES, VEGF, BDNF, FGF1, FGF2, HGF, IGF, GDNF, NGF, PLGF, NT3, but fail to express NT4, EGF, and CNTF. Pro and anti-inflammatory cytokine expressions were noticed. Functionally, these EPCs elicit in vitro tube formation. Negligible DNA content and intact ECM confirms the efficient decellularization of tissue. The increased MTT activity in recellularized tissue determines proliferating cells and biocompatibility of the scaffolds. Moreover, significant (P < 0.05) increase in maximum force and tensile of recellularized biomaterial as compared to the decellularized scaffolds. Integration of graft with host tissue, suggesting biocompatible therapeutic biomaterial with cells. CONCLUSION EPCs with stem cells in engineered blood vessels could be therapeutically applicable in vascular surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durai Murugan Muniswami
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular & Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), VIT, Vellore, India.
- Department of Microbiology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, 641021, India.
| | - L Vinod Kumar Reddy
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular & Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), VIT, Vellore, India
| | | | | | - Arunai Nambi Raj
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular & Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), VIT, Vellore, India
| | - Dwaipayan Sen
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular & Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), VIT, Vellore, India
| | - Geetha Manivasagam
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular & Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), VIT, Vellore, India
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DNA Damage Baseline Predicts Resilience to Space Radiation and Radiotherapy. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108434. [PMID: 33242409 PMCID: PMC7784531 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep space exploration will require real-time, minimally invasive monitoring of astronaut health to mitigate the potential health impairments caused by space radiation and microgravity. Genotoxic stress in humans can be monitored by quantifying the amount of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in immune cells from a simple finger prick. In a cohort of 674 healthy donors, we show that the endogenous level of DSBs increases with age and with latent cytomegalovirus infection. To map the range of human responses to space radiation, we then study DSB induction and repair in immune cells from 319 healthy donors after the cells are exposed to galactic cosmic ray components and lymphocytes from 30 cancer patients after radiotherapy. Individuals with low baseline DSB have fewer clinical complications, enhanced DNA damage repair responses, and a functional dose-dependent cytokine response in healthy donor cells. This supports the use of DSB monitoring for health resilience in space.
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36
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Zhang L, Mack R, Breslin P, Zhang J. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of aging in hematopoietic stem cells and their niches. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:157. [PMID: 33228751 PMCID: PMC7686726 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00994-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging drives the genetic and epigenetic changes that result in a decline in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) functioning. Such changes lead to aging-related hematopoietic/immune impairments and hematopoietic disorders. Understanding how such changes are initiated and how they progress will help in the development of medications that could improve the quality life for the elderly and to treat and possibly prevent aging-related hematopoietic diseases. Here, we review the most recent advances in research into HSC aging and discuss the role of HSC-intrinsic events, as well as those that relate to the aging bone marrow niche microenvironment in the overall processes of HSC aging. In addition, we discuss the potential mechanisms by which HSC aging is regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Ryan Mack
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Peter Breslin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.,Departments of Molecular/Cellular Physiology and Department of Biology, Loyola University Medical Center and Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60660, USA
| | - Jiwang Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Oncology Institute, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
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37
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Liao Z, Liu Z, Gong Z, Hu X, Chen Y, Cao K, Zhang H, Gan L, Chen J, Yang Y, Cai J. Heat-killed Salmonella Typhimurium protects mice against carbon ion radiation. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520924256. [PMID: 33021413 PMCID: PMC7543184 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520924256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients receiving carbon-ion radiation therapy and astronauts exploring outer space are inevitably exposed to heavy ion radiation. The aim of this study was to develop radioprotectors to minimize the injuries induced by carbon ion radiation. METHODS Heat-killed Salmonella Typhimurium (HKST) was administered to mice by gavage prior to irradiation with a 12C6+ heavy ion accelerator. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunofluorescence TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling staining were used to assess the radioprotective effect of HKST on organ damage and levels of apoptosis, respectively, in mice. To investigate the mechanism underlying the radioprotective effect of HKST, levels of the pro-apoptotic proteins BAX and caspase 3 as well as interferon-regulatory factor (IRF) 3/7 in the femur, testis and intestine were assessed using immunofluorescence. RESULTS Injuries induced by carbon ion radiation were significantly eased by pretreatment with HKST. Both apoptosis and high expression levels of pro-apoptotic proteins induced by heavy ion radiation were inhibited by HKST pretreatment. The radioprotective effect of HKST was associated with stimulation of Toll-like receptor signaling mediated by enhanced IRF3 and IRF7 signaling. CONCLUSION HKST was an effective radioprotector alleviating damage to multiple organs caused by heavy ion radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebin Liao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xuguang Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Kun Cao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lu Gan
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Juxiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yanyong Yang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jianming Cai
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Abstract
Radiation therapy can cause haematopoietic damage, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been shown to reverse this damage. Our previous research showed that dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have a strong proliferation capacity and can produce abundant amounts of EVs to meet the requirements for use in vitro and in vivo. DPSCs derived EVs (DPSCs-EVs) are evaluated for their effect on reducing haematopoietic damage. Haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) numbers and function were assessed by flow cytometry, peripheral blood cell counts, histology and bone marrow transplantation. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) was used as a reference for evaluating the efficiency of EVs. miRNA microarray was employed to find out the changes of miRNA expression after cells being irradiated in vivo and the role they may play in mitigation the radiation caused injury. We observed the effect of DPSCs-EVs on promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and FDC-P1 cells in vitro. We found that DPSCs-EVs and EGF could comparably inhibit the decrease in WBC, CFU count and KSL cells in vivo. We also verified that EVs could accelerate the recovery of long-term HSCs. In summary, DPSCs-EVs showed an apoptosis resistant effect on HUVECs and FDC-P1 cells after radiation injury in vitro. EVs from DPSCs were comparable to EGF in their ability to regulate haematopoietic regeneration after radiation injury in vivo. Radiation could alter the expression of some miRNAs in bone marrow cells, and EVs could correct these changes to some extent. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Hovey O, Pasha R, Lehmann Z, Pineault N. Insights Into the Hematopoietic Regulatory Activities of Osteoblast by Secretomics. Proteomics 2020; 20:e2000036. [PMID: 32666692 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202000036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Osteoblasts are a key component of the endosteal hematopoietic stem cell niche and are recognized with strong hematopoietic supporting activity. Similarly, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC)-derived osteoblast (M-OST) conditioned media (OCM) enhance the growth of hematopoietic progenitors in culture and modulate their engraftment activity. This article aims to characterize the hematopoietic supporting activity of OCM by comparing the secretome of M-OST to that of their precursor. Over 300 proteins are quantified by mass spectroscopy in media conditioned with MSC or M-OST, with 47 being differentially expressed. Growth factors, extracellular matrix proteins, and proteins from the complement pathways are included. The functional contribution of selected proteins on the growth and differentiation of cord blood (CB) progenitors is tested. Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine and Galectin 3 (Gal3) have little impact on the growth of CB cells in serum-free medium (SFM). In contrast, inhibition of the complement 3A receptor (C3a-R) present on CB progenitors significantly reduces the growth of CD34+ cells in OCM cultures but not in SFM. These results provide new insights into changes in factors released by MSC undergoing osteoblast differentiation, and on paracrine factors that are partially responsible for the hematopoietic supporting activity of osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen Hovey
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, 1800 Alta Vista Dr, Ottawa, ON, K1G 4J5, Canada
- Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology Department, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Roya Pasha
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, 1800 Alta Vista Dr, Ottawa, ON, K1G 4J5, Canada
- Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology Department, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Zoe Lehmann
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, 1800 Alta Vista Dr, Ottawa, ON, K1G 4J5, Canada
- Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology Department, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Nicolas Pineault
- Canadian Blood Services, Centre for Innovation, 1800 Alta Vista Dr, Ottawa, ON, K1G 4J5, Canada
- Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology Department, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Fang T, Zhang Y, Chang VY, Roos M, Termini CM, Signaevskaia L, Quarmyne M, Lin PK, Pang A, Kan J, Yan X, Javier A, Pohl K, Zhao L, Scott P, Himburg HA, Chute JP. Epidermal growth factor receptor-dependent DNA repair promotes murine and human hematopoietic regeneration. Blood 2020; 136:441-454. [PMID: 32369572 PMCID: PMC7378456 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy and irradiation cause DNA damage to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), leading to HSC depletion and dysfunction and the risk of malignant transformation over time. Extrinsic regulation of HSC DNA repair is not well understood, and therapies to augment HSC DNA repair following myelosuppression remain undeveloped. We report that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) regulates DNA repair in HSCs following irradiation via activation of the DNA-dependent protein kinase-catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) and nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ). We show that hematopoietic regeneration in vivo following total body irradiation is dependent upon EGFR-mediated repair of DNA damage via activation of DNA-PKcs. Conditional deletion of EGFR in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) significantly decreased DNA-PKcs activity following irradiation, causing increased HSC DNA damage and depressed HSC recovery over time. Systemic administration of epidermal growth factor (EGF) promoted HSC DNA repair and rapid hematologic recovery in chemotherapy-treated mice and had no effect on acute myeloid leukemia growth in vivo. Further, EGF treatment drove the recovery of human HSCs capable of multilineage in vivo repopulation following radiation injury. Whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed no increase in coding region mutations in HSPCs from EGF-treated mice, but increased intergenic copy number variant mutations were detected. These studies demonstrate that EGF promotes HSC DNA repair and hematopoietic regeneration in vivo via augmentation of NHEJ. EGF has therapeutic potential to promote human hematopoietic regeneration, and further studies are warranted to assess long-term hematopoietic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vivian Y Chang
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Martina Roos
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, and
| | | | | | | | - Paulina K Lin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | - Amara Pang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | - Jenny Kan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | - Xiao Yan
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology
| | - Anna Javier
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | | | - Liman Zhao
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | - Peter Scott
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - John P Chute
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, and
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Hoyer FF, Zhang X, Coppin E, Vasamsetti SB, Modugu G, Schloss MJ, Rohde D, McAlpine CS, Iwamoto Y, Libby P, Naxerova K, Swirski FK, Dutta P, Nahrendorf M. Bone Marrow Endothelial Cells Regulate Myelopoiesis in Diabetes Mellitus. Circulation 2020; 142:244-258. [PMID: 32316750 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.046038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent public health problem that affects about one-third of the US population and leads to serious vascular complications with increased risk for coronary artery disease. How bone marrow hematopoiesis contributes to diabetes mellitus complications is incompletely understood. We investigated the role of bone marrow endothelial cells in diabetic regulation of inflammatory myeloid cell production. METHODS In 3 types of mouse diabetes mellitus, including streptozotocin, high-fat diet, and genetic induction using leptin-receptor-deficient db/db mice, we assayed leukocytes, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC). In addition, we investigated bone marrow endothelial cells with flow cytometry and expression profiling. RESULTS In diabetes mellitus, we observed enhanced proliferation of HSPC leading to augmented circulating myeloid cell numbers. Analysis of bone marrow niche cells revealed that endothelial cells in diabetic mice expressed less Cxcl12, a retention factor promoting HSPC quiescence. Transcriptome-wide analysis of bone marrow endothelial cells demonstrated enrichment of genes involved in epithelial growth factor receptor (Egfr) signaling in mice with diet-induced diabetes mellitus. To explore whether endothelial Egfr plays a functional role in myelopoiesis, we generated mice with endothelial-specific deletion of Egfr (Cdh5Cre Egfrfl/fl). We found enhanced HSPC proliferation and increased myeloid cell production in Cdh5Cre Egfrfl/fl mice compared with wild-type mice with diabetes mellitus. Disrupted Egfr signaling in endothelial cells decreased their expression of the HSPC retention factor angiopoietin-1. We tested the functional relevance of these findings for wound healing and atherosclerosis, both implicated in complications of diabetes mellitus. Inflammatory myeloid cells accumulated more in skin wounds of diabetic Cdh5Cre Egfrfl/fl mice, significantly delaying wound closure. Atherosclerosis was accelerated in Cdh5Cre Egfrfl/fl mice, leading to larger and more inflamed atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta. CONCLUSIONS In diabetes mellitus, bone marrow endothelial cells participate in the dysregulation of bone marrow hematopoiesis. Diabetes mellitus reduces endothelial production of Cxcl12, a quiescence-promoting niche factor that reduces stem cell proliferation. We describe a previously unknown counterregulatory pathway, in which protective endothelial Egfr signaling curbs HSPC proliferation and myeloid cell production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich Felix Hoyer
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, Boston (F.F.H., M.J.S., D.R., C.S.A., Y.I., K.N., F.K.S., M.N.)
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA (X.Z., E.C., S.B.V., G.M., P.D.).,The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China (X.Z.)
| | - Emilie Coppin
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA (X.Z., E.C., S.B.V., G.M., P.D.)
| | - Sathish Babu Vasamsetti
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA (X.Z., E.C., S.B.V., G.M., P.D.)
| | - Ganesh Modugu
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA (X.Z., E.C., S.B.V., G.M., P.D.)
| | - Maximilian J Schloss
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, Boston (F.F.H., M.J.S., D.R., C.S.A., Y.I., K.N., F.K.S., M.N.)
| | - David Rohde
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, Boston (F.F.H., M.J.S., D.R., C.S.A., Y.I., K.N., F.K.S., M.N.)
| | - Cameron S McAlpine
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, Boston (F.F.H., M.J.S., D.R., C.S.A., Y.I., K.N., F.K.S., M.N.)
| | - Yoshiko Iwamoto
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, Boston (F.F.H., M.J.S., D.R., C.S.A., Y.I., K.N., F.K.S., M.N.)
| | - Peter Libby
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (P.L.)
| | - Kamila Naxerova
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, Boston (F.F.H., M.J.S., D.R., C.S.A., Y.I., K.N., F.K.S., M.N.)
| | - Filip K Swirski
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, Boston (F.F.H., M.J.S., D.R., C.S.A., Y.I., K.N., F.K.S., M.N.)
| | - Partha Dutta
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA (X.Z., E.C., S.B.V., G.M., P.D.)
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- Center for Systems Biology and Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, Boston (F.F.H., M.J.S., D.R., C.S.A., Y.I., K.N., F.K.S., M.N.).,Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston (M.N.).,Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Germany (M.N.)
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Network Pharmacology-Based Investigation of the System-Level Molecular Mechanisms of the Hematopoietic Activity of Samul-Tang, a Traditional Korean Herbal Formula. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:9048089. [PMID: 32104198 PMCID: PMC7040423 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9048089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a dynamic process of the continuous production of diverse blood cell types to meet the body's physiological demands and involves complex regulation of multiple cellular mechanisms in hematopoietic stem cells, including proliferation, self-renewal, differentiation, and apoptosis. Disruption of the hematopoietic system is known to cause various hematological disorders such as myelosuppression. There is growing evidence on the beneficial effects of herbal medicines on hematopoiesis; however, their mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a network pharmacological-based investigation of the system-level mechanisms underlying the hematopoietic activity of Samul-tang, which is an herbal formula consisting of four herbal medicines, including Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, Paeoniae Radix Alba, and Cnidii Rhizoma. In silico analysis of the absorption-distribution-metabolism-excretion model identified 16 active phytochemical compounds contained in Samul-tang that may target 158 genes/proteins associated with myelosuppression to exert pharmacological effects. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that the targets of Samul-tang were significantly enriched in multiple pathways closely related to the hematopoiesis and myelosuppression development, including the PI3K-Akt, MAPK, IL-17, TNF, FoxO, HIF-1, NF-kappa B, and p53 signaling pathways. Our study provides novel evidence regarding the system-level mechanisms underlying the hematopoiesis-promoting effect of herbal medicines for hematological disorder treatment.
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Boyle AJ, Cao PJ, Cai Z, Chan C, Hedley DW, Reilly RM. Radioimmunotherapy of human pancreatic cancer xenografts in NOD-scid mice with [ 64Cu]Cu-NOTA-panitumumab F(ab') 2 alone or combined with radiosensitizing gemcitabine and the PARP inhibitor, rucaparib. Nucl Med Biol 2020; 84-85:46-54. [PMID: 32062317 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our objective was to determine the feasibility of extending our previously reported PET imaging study of pancreatic cancer (PnCa) with [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-panitumumab F(ab')2 to radioimmunotherapy (RIT) by exploiting the β-particle and Auger electron emissions of 64Cu (PET theranostic concept). To enhance the effectiveness of [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-panitumumab F(ab')2, we further combined RIT with radiosensitizing gemcitabine (GEM) and the poly(ADP)ribose polymerase inhibitor (PARPi), rucaparib. METHODS Normal tissue toxicity was assessed in non-tumor-bearing NOD-scid mice injected i.v. with [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-panitumumab F(ab')2 (1.85-9.25 MBq; 10 μg) or [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-mouse EGFR Ab30 F(ab')2 (12.95 MBq). Body weight was monitored, and hematopoietic (CBC), liver (ALT) and kidney [creatinine (SCr)] toxicity were assessed. RIT studies were performed in NOD-scid mice with s.c. OCIP23 human PnCa patient-derived xenografts (PDX) administered [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-panitumumab F(ab')2 (3.7 MBq; 10 μg), unlabeled panitumumab F(ab')2 (10 μg) or normal saline every two weeks. Subsequent studies evaluated RIT with [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-panitumumab F(ab')2 (12.95 MBq; 10 μg) administered alone or combined with GEM and the PARPi, rucaparib administered on a 14-day treatment cycle for up to 6 cycles in NOD-scid mice with s.c. PANC-1 human PnCa xenografts. The radiation absorbed dose in PANC-1 tumors and normal organs in mice after a single i.v. injection of [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-panitumumab F(ab')2 (12.95 MBq; 10 μg) was estimated based on previously reported biodistribution studies of [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-panitumumab F(ab')2. RESULTS No normal tissue toxicity was observed in non-tumor-bearing NOD-scid mice administered up to 3.7 MBq (10 μg) of [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-panitumumab F(ab')2 but slightly increased ALT was noted at 9.25 MBq. Administration of [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-mouse EGFR Ab30 F(ab')2 (12.95 MBq; 10 μg) caused some hematopoietic toxicity but no increase in ALT or SCr or decreased body weight. A slight tumor growth delay and increased survival was noted in NOD-scid mice with s.c. OCIP23 PDX treated with [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-panitumumab F(ab')2 (3.7 MBq; 10 μg) or unlabeled panitumumab F(ab')2 (10 μg) compared to normal saline treated mice. RIT with [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-panitumumab F(ab')2 (12.95 MBq; 10 μg) combined with GEM + PARPi for up to 6 cycles was most effective for the treatment of PANC-1 tumors. Tumor doubling time increased to 13.3 ± 0.9 days vs. 7.8 ± 3.7 days for RIT alone and 9.3 ± 2.2 days for normal saline treatment. Median survival was significantly longer (P < 0.05) than in mice treated with normal saline (35 days) for RIT + GEM + PARPi (71 days), GEM + PARPi (44 days) and RIT + GEM (43 days) but not for RIT alone (25 days). RIT + GEM + PARPi provided a longer median survival than RIT (P < 0.01), GEM + PARPi (P = 0.01) but not RIT + GEM (P = 0.23). Nonetheless, PANC-1 tumors grew exponentially in all treatment groups. The absorbed dose in PANC-1 tumors after a single i.v. injection of [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-panitumumab F(ab')2 (12.85 MBq; 10 μg) was 0.8 Gy, while the dose in normal organs ranged from 0.6-1.2 Gy. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that RIT with [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-panitumumab F(ab')2 did not cause significant normal tissue toxicity but was not effective when administered alone for treatment of PnCa xenografts in NOD-scid mice. Combining RIT with GEM and the PARPi, rucaparib enhanced its effectiveness but tumors continued to grow exponentially. Our results suggest that 64Cu is not feasible for RIT of PnCa due to low tumor absorbed doses. 177Lu which has a higher abundance of moderate energy β-particle emissions may be more effective than 64Cu. The hematopoietic toxicity of [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-mouse EGFR Ab30 F(ab')2 may be mediated by binding to mouse EGFR expressed on some hematopoietic stem cells. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CARE Direct extension of PET with 64Cu(Cu)-NOTA-panitumumab F(ab')2 to RIT exploiting the β-particle and Auger electron emissions of 64Cu is not feasible. Theranostic approaches that combine PET with RIT employing 177Lu may be more promising and should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Boyle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ping-Jiang Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zhongli Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Conrad Chan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David W Hedley
- Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Raymond M Reilly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto General Research Institute, Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Chronic activation of endothelial MAPK disrupts hematopoiesis via NFKB dependent inflammatory stress reversible by SCGF. Nat Commun 2020; 11:666. [PMID: 32015345 PMCID: PMC6997369 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14478-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory signals arising from the microenvironment have emerged as critical regulators of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function during diverse processes including embryonic development, infectious diseases, and myelosuppressive injuries caused by irradiation and chemotherapy. However, the contributions of cellular subsets within the microenvironment that elicit niche-driven inflammation remain poorly understood. Here, we identify endothelial cells as a crucial component in driving bone marrow (BM) inflammation and HSC dysfunction observed following myelosuppression. We demonstrate that sustained activation of endothelial MAPK causes NF-κB-dependent inflammatory stress response within the BM, leading to significant HSC dysfunction including loss of engraftment ability and a myeloid-biased output. These phenotypes are resolved upon inhibition of endothelial NF-κB signaling. We identify SCGF as a niche-derived factor that suppresses BM inflammation and enhances hematopoietic recovery following myelosuppression. Our findings demonstrate that chronic endothelial inflammation adversely impacts niche activity and HSC function which is reversible upon suppression of inflammation.
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Kuznietsova H, Dziubenko N, Byelinska I, Hurmach V, Bychko A, Lynchak O, Milokhov D, Khilya O, Rybalchenko V. Pyrrole derivatives as potential anti-cancer therapeutics: synthesis, mechanisms of action, safety. J Drug Target 2019; 28:547-563. [PMID: 31814456 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2019.1703189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Pyrrole derivatives (PDs) chloro-1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-4-((3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)amino)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione (MI-1) and 5-amino-4-(1,3-benzothyazol-2-yn)-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrole-3-one (D1) were synthesised as inhibitors of several protein kinases including EGFR and VEGFR. The aim of the study was to reveal the exact mechanisms of PDs' action EGFR and VEGFR are involved in. We observed, that both PDs could bind with EGFR and VEGFR and form stable complexes. PDs entered into electrostatic interactions with polar groups of phospholipid heads in cell membrane, and the power of interaction depended on the nature of PD radical substituents (greater for MI-1 and smaller for D1). Partial intercalation of MI-1 into the membrane hydrophobic zone also occurred. PDs concentrations induced apoptosis in malignant cells but normal ones had different sensitivity to those. MI-1 and D1 acted like antioxidants in inflamed colonic tissue, as evidenced by reduce of lipid and protein peroxidation products (by 43-67%) and increase of superoxide dismutase activity (by 40 and 58%) with restoring these values to control ones. MI-1 restored reduced haemoglobin and normalised elevated platelets and monocytes in settings of colorectal cancer, whereas D1 normalised only platelets. Thus, MI-1 and D1 could be used as competitive inhibitors of EGFR and VEGFR and antioxidants, which might contribute to realisation of their anti-inflammatory, proapoptotic and antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vasyl Hurmach
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Andriy Bychko
- Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Lynchak
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Demyd Milokhov
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Olga Khilya
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
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PDGFB-expressing mesenchymal stem cells improve human hematopoietic stem cell engraftment in immunodeficient mice. Bone Marrow Transplant 2019; 55:1029-1040. [PMID: 31804621 PMCID: PMC7269905 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-019-0766-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) niche regulates multiple hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) processes. Clinical treatment for hematological malignancies by HSC transplantation often requires preconditioning via total body irradiation, which severely and irreversibly impairs the BM niche and HSC regeneration. Novel strategies are needed to enhance HSC regeneration in irradiated BM. We compared the effects of EGF, FGF2, and PDGFB on HSC regeneration using human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that were transduced with these factors via lentiviral vectors. Among the above niche factors tested, MSCs transduced with PDGFB (PDGFB-MSCs) most significantly improved human HSC engraftment in immunodeficient mice. PDGFB-MSC-treated BM enhanced transplanted human HSC self-renewal in secondary transplantations more efficiently than GFP-transduced MSCs (GFP-MSCs). Gene set enrichment analysis showed increased antiapoptotic signaling in PDGFB-MSCs compared with GFP-MSCs. PDGFB-MSCs exhibited enhanced survival and expansion after transplantation, resulting in an enlarged humanized niche cell pool that provide a better humanized microenvironment to facilitate superior engraftment and proliferation of human hematopoietic cells. Our studies demonstrate the efficacy of PDGFB-MSCs in supporting human HSC engraftment.
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47
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Chute JP, Termini CM. Mutualism in the Marrow. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 25:731-733. [PMID: 31809734 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cross-talk between hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and the HSC niche is likely important in hematopoiesis but not well demonstrated. Now in Cell Stem Cell, Chen et al. (2019) describe how specialized endothelial cells regulate hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and how hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells facilitate vascular regeneration in return.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Chute
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Christina M Termini
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Chen Q, Liu Y, Jeong HW, Stehling M, Dinh VV, Zhou B, Adams RH. Apelin + Endothelial Niche Cells Control Hematopoiesis and Mediate Vascular Regeneration after Myeloablative Injury. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 25:768-783.e6. [PMID: 31761723 PMCID: PMC6900750 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy and chemotherapy disrupt bone vasculature, but the underlying causes and mechanisms enabling vessel regeneration after bone marrow (BM) transplantation remain poorly understood. Here, we show that loss of hematopoietic cells per se, in response to irradiation and other treatments, triggers vessel dilation, permeability, and endothelial cell (EC) proliferation. We further identify a small subpopulation of Apelin-expressing (Apln+) ECs, representing 0.003% of BM cells, that is critical for physiological homeostasis and transplant-induced BM regeneration. Genetic ablation of Apln+ ECs or Apln-CreER-mediated deletion of Kitl and Vegfr2 disrupt hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance and contributions to regeneration. Consistently, the fraction of Apln+ ECs increases substantially after irradiation and promotes normalization of the bone vasculature in response to VEGF-A, which is provided by transplanted hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Together, these findings reveal critical functional roles for HSPCs in maintaining vascular integrity and for Apln+ ECs in hematopoiesis, suggesting potential targets for improving BM transplantation. Loss of hematopoietic cells phenocopies irradiation-induced vascular defects Identification and characterization of Apln+ ECs in adult BM Apln+ ECs regulate HSC maintenance and steady-state hematopoiesis Apln+ ECs expand, respond to HSPCs, and drive post-transplantation recovery
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, Röntgenstrasse 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Yang Liu
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, Röntgenstrasse 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hyun-Woo Jeong
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, Röntgenstrasse 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Stehling
- Electron Microscopy and Flow Cytometry Units, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Röntgenstrasse 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Van Vuong Dinh
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, Röntgenstrasse 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, A-2112, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ralf H Adams
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, Röntgenstrasse 20, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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Grases-Pintó B, Torres-Castro P, Marín-Morote L, Abril-Gil M, Castell M, Rodríguez-Lagunas MJ, Pérez-Cano FJ, Franch À. Leptin and EGF Supplementation Enhance the Immune System Maturation in Preterm Suckling Rats. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102380. [PMID: 31590415 PMCID: PMC6836246 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In preterm newborns the immaturity of the immune system is remarkable, with reduced innate and adaptive immune responses. Many bioactive compounds in breast milk, such as growth factors and adipokines, contribute to the immune system’s maturation in early life. However, studies on the immunoregulatory activity in preterm neonates are practically nonexistent. The aim of the present study was to determine whether a nutritional supplementation in early life with leptin or epidermal growth factor (EGF) was able to promote the maturation of the systemic and intestinal immune system in preterm conditions. For this purpose, premature rats were daily supplemented by oral gavage with leptin or EGF. Term and Preterm groups receiving vehicle were used as controls. Preterm rats showed deficiencies compared to full-term ones, such as lower body weights, erythrocyte counts, plasma IgG and IgM concentrations and B cell percentages, and higher values of Th and Tc TCRαβ+ cells in mesenteric lymph nodes, and intestinal permeability, among others. However, leptin and EGF supplementation were able to revert some of these deficiencies and to improve the premature immune system’s development. These results suggest that leptin and EGF are involved in enhancing the maturation of the systemic and intestinal immune system in preterm conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Grases-Pintó
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA·UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain.
| | - Paulina Torres-Castro
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA·UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain.
| | - Lidia Marín-Morote
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA·UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain.
| | - Mar Abril-Gil
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA·UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain.
| | - Margarida Castell
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA·UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain.
| | - María J Rodríguez-Lagunas
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA·UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Pérez-Cano
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA·UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain.
| | - Àngels Franch
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA·UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain.
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50
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Wang X. Stem cells in tissues, organoids, and cancers. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:4043-4070. [PMID: 31317205 PMCID: PMC6785598 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03199-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells give rise to all cells and build the tissue structures in our body, and heterogeneity and plasticity are the hallmarks of stem cells. Epigenetic modification, which is associated with niche signals, determines stem cell differentiation and somatic cell reprogramming. Stem cells play a critical role in the development of tumors and are capable of generating 3D organoids. Understanding the properties of stem cells will improve our capacity to maintain tissue homeostasis. Dissecting epigenetic regulation could be helpful for achieving efficient cell reprograming and for developing new drugs for cancer treatment. Stem cell-derived organoids open up new avenues for modeling human diseases and for regenerative medicine. Nevertheless, in addition to the achievements in stem cell research, many challenges still need to be overcome for stem cells to have versatile application in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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