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Jeong Y, Hsieh PH, Phal Y, Bhargava R, Irudayaraj J. Label-Free Monitoring of Coculture System Dynamics: Probing Probiotic and Cancer Cell Interactions via Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11247-11254. [PMID: 38941069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Evaluating the dynamic interaction of microorganisms and mammalian cells is challenging due to the lack of suitable platforms for examining interspecies interactions in biologically relevant coculture conditions. In this work, we demonstrate the interaction between probiotic bacteria (Lactococcus lactis and Escherichia coli) and A498 human cancer cells in vitro, utilizing a hydrogel-based platform in a label-free manner by infrared spectroscopy. The L. lactis strain recapitulated in the compartment system secretes polypeptide molecules such as nisin, which has been reported to trigger cell apoptosis. We propose a mid-infrared (IR) spectroscopic imaging approach to monitor the variation of biological components utilizing kidney cells (A498) as a model system cocultured with bacteria. We characterized the biochemical composition (i.e., nucleic acids, protein secondary structures, and lipid conformations) label-free using an unbiased measurement. Several IR spectral features, including unsaturated fatty acids, β-turns in protein, and nucleic acids, were utilized to predict cellular response. These features were then applied to establish a quantitative relationship through a multivariate regression model to predict cellular dynamics in the coculture system to assess the effect of nisin on A498 kidney cancer cells cocultured with bacteria. Overall, our study sheds light on the potential of using IR spectroscopic imaging as a label-free tool to monitor complex microbe-host cell interactions in biological systems. This integration will enable mechanistic studies of interspecies interactions with insights into their underlying physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Jeong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Biomedical Research Center, Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Pei-Hsuan Hsieh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yamuna Phal
- Departments of Electrical Engineering and Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Colorado Clinical & Translational Sciences Institute, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Rohit Bhargava
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Departments of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Joseph Irudayaraj
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Biomedical Research Center, Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Tan PL, Kanesan J, Chuah JH, Badruddin IA, Abdellatif A, Kamangar S, Hussien M, Ali Baig MA, Ameer Ahammad N. Dual therapy of cancer using optimal control supported by swarm intelligence. Biomed Mater Eng 2024; 35:249-264. [PMID: 38189746 DOI: 10.3233/bme-230150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The scientific revolution in the treatment of many illnesses has been significantly aided by stem cells. This paper presents an optimal control on a mathematical model of chemotherapy and stem cell therapy for cancer treatment. OBJECTIVE To develop effective hybrid techniques that combine the optimal control theory (OCT) with the evolutionary algorithm and multi-objective swarm algorithm. The developed technique is aimed to reduce the number of cancerous cells while utilizing the minimum necessary chemotherapy medications and minimizing toxicity to protect patients' health. METHODS Two hybrid techniques are proposed in this paper. Both techniques combined OCT with the evolutionary algorithm and multi-objective swarm algorithm which included MOEA/D, MOPSO, SPEA II and PESA II. This study evaluates the performance of two hybrid techniques in terms of reducing cancer cells and drug concentrations, as well as computational time consumption. RESULTS In both techniques, MOEA/D emerges as the most effective algorithm due to its superior capability in minimizing tumour size and cancer drug concentration. CONCLUSION This study highlights the importance of integrating OCT and evolutionary algorithms as a robust approach for optimizing cancer chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poh Ling Tan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jeevan Kanesan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Joon Huang Chuah
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Irfan Anjum Badruddin
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah Abdellatif
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sarfaraz Kamangar
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hussien
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - N Ameer Ahammad
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
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Meng C, Wang X, Fan L, Fan Y, Yan Z, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang J, Lv S. A new perspective in the prevention and treatment of antitumor therapy-related cardiotoxicity: Intestinal microecology. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115588. [PMID: 38039758 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuous development of antitumor therapy has significantly reduced the mortality of patients with malignancies. However, the antitumor-related cardiotoxicity has become the leading cause of long-term mortality in patients with malignancies. Besides, the pathogenesis of antitumor-related cardiotoxicity is still unclear, and practical means of prevention and treatment are lacking in clinical practice. Therefore, the major challenge is how to combat the cardiotoxicity of antitumor therapy effectively. More and more studies have shown that antitumor therapy kills tumor cells while causing damage to sensitive tissues such as the intestinal mucosa, leading to the increased permeability of the intestine and the dysbiosis of intestinal microecology. In addition, the dysbiosis of intestinal microecology contributes to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases through multiple pathways. Thus, the dysbiosis of intestinal microecology may be a potential mechanism and target for antitumor-related cardiotoxicity. We summarized the characteristics of intestinal microecology disorders induced by antitumor therapy and the association between intestinal microecological dysbiosis and CVD. And on this basis, we hypothesized the potential mechanisms of intestinal microecology mediating the occurrence of antitumor-related cardiotoxicity. Then we reviewed the previous studies targeting intestinal microecology against antitumor-associated cardiotoxicity, aiming to provide a reference for future studies on the occurrence and prevention of antitumor-related cardiotoxicity by intestinal microecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Meng
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion), Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion), Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Fan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion), Tianjin, China
| | - Yajie Fan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion), Tianjin, China
| | - Zhipeng Yan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion), Tianjin, China
| | - Yunjiao Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion), Tianjin, China
| | - Yanyang Li
- Department of integrated Chinese and Western medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Junping Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion), Tianjin, China.
| | - Shichao Lv
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion), Tianjin, China.
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Chmiel P, Rychcik-Pazyrska P, Stec R. Defining Tumor Microenvironment as a Possible Target for Effective GEP-NENs Immunotherapy-A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5232. [PMID: 37958406 PMCID: PMC10648089 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogenous and recurrent group of malignancies originating from neuroendocrine secretory cells diffused on all parts of the human body. Gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) account for most NENs. Considering the abundance of possible origins, locations, and tumor specifications, there is still no consensus about optimal treatment options for these neoplasms. In light of the escalating immunotherapeutic approaches, it is crucial to define indications for such therapy in GEP-NETs. Bearing in mind the significance of pathophysiological mechanisms and tumor microenvironment (TME) impact on carcinogenesis, defining TME structure and correlation with the immune system in GEP-NETs appears essential. This paper aimed to assess the characterization of the tumor immune microenvironment for a better understanding of the possible therapeutic options in GEP-NETS. The authors performed a systematic review, extracting papers from the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Among 3800 articles identified through database searching, 292 were assessed for eligibility. Ultimately, 28 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. This paper sums up the research on the immune cell infiltrates, immune checkpoint expression, cytokine profile, neoangiogenesis, and microbiome in the TME of GEP-NETs.
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Frey N, Rangrez AY. Exploring the Involvement of Gut Microbiota in Cancer Therapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087261. [PMID: 37108423 PMCID: PMC10138392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Trillions of microbes in the human intestinal tract, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, are collectively referred to as the gut microbiome. Recent technological developments have led to a significant increase in our understanding of the human microbiome. It has been discovered that the microbiome affects both health and the progression of diseases, including cancer and heart disease. Several studies have indicated that the gut microbiota may serve as a potential target in cancer therapy modulation, by enhancing the effectiveness of chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy. Moreover, altered microbiome composition has been linked to the long-term effects of cancer therapy; for example, the deleterious effects of chemotherapy on microbial diversity can, in turn, lead to acute dysbiosis and serious gastrointestinal toxicity. Specifically, the relationship between the microbiome and cardiac diseases in cancer patients following therapy is poorly understood. In this article, we provide a summary of the role of the microbiome in cancer treatment, while also speculating on a potential connection between treatment-related microbial changes and cardiotoxicity. Through a brief review of the literature, we further explore which bacterial families or genera were differentially affected in cancer treatment and cardiac disease. A deeper understanding of the link between the gut microbiome and cardiotoxicity caused by cancer treatment may help lower the risk of this critical and potentially fatal side effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Frey
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ashraf Y Rangrez
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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The conundrum of breast cancer and microbiome - A comprehensive review of the current evidence. Cancer Treat Rev 2022; 111:102470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2022.102470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Xia J, Chen J, Vashisth MK, Ge Y, Dai Q, He S, Shi YL, Wang XB. Metformin ameliorates 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal injury by inhibiting cellular senescence, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109342. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Saeed M, Shoaib A, Kandimalla R, Javed S, Almatroudi A, Gupta R, Aqil F. Microbe-based therapies for colorectal cancer: Advantages and limitations. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:652-665. [PMID: 34020027 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading global causes of death in both men and women. Colorectal cancer (CRC) alone accounts for ∼10 % of total new global cases and poses an over 4% lifetime risk of developing cancer. Recent advancements in the field of biotechnology and microbiology concocted novel microbe-based therapies to treat various cancers, including CRC. Microbes have been explored for human use since centuries, especially for the treatment of various ailments. The utility of microbes in cancer therapeutics is widely explored, and various bacteria, fungi, and viruses are currently in use for the development of cancer therapeutics. The human gut hosts about 100 trillion microbes that release their metabolites in active, inactive, or dead conditions. Microbial secondary metabolites, proteins, immunotoxins, and enzymes are used to target cancer cells to induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and death. Various approaches, such as dietary interventions, the use of prebiotics and probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation have been used to modulate the gut microbiota in order to prevent or treat CRC pathogenesis. The present review highlights the role of the gut microbiota in CRC precipitation, the potential mechanisms and use of microorganisms as CRC biomarkers, and strategies to modulate microbiota for the prevention and treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ambreen Shoaib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raghuram Kandimalla
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Shamama Javed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim 51431, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramesh Gupta
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Farrukh Aqil
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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The crosstalk of the human microbiome in breast and colon cancer: A metabolomics analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 176:103757. [PMID: 35809795 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome's role in colon and breast cancer is described in this review. Understanding how the human microbiome and metabolomics interact with breast and colon cancer is the chief area of this study. First, the role of the gut and distal microbiome in breast and colon cancer is investigated, and the direct relationship between microbial dysbiosis and breast and colon cancer is highlighted. This work also focuses on the many metabolomic techniques used to locate prospective biomarkers, make an accurate diagnosis, and research new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. This review clarifies the influence of anti-tumor medications on the microbiota and the proactive measures that can be taken to treat cancer using a variety of therapies, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, next-generation biotherapeutics, gene-based therapy, integrated omics technology, and machine learning.
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10
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Role of the Microbiota in Lung Cancer: Insights on Prevention and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116138. [PMID: 35682816 PMCID: PMC9181592 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiota is increasingly recognized as a critical player in cancer onset and progression and response to cancer chemotherapy treatment. In recent years, several preclinical and clinical studies have evidenced the involvement of microbiota in lung cancer, one of the world’s deadliest cancers. However, the mechanisms by which the microbiota can impact this type of cancer and patient survival and response to treatments remain poorly investigated. In this review, the peculiarities of the gut and lung microbial ecosystems have been highlighted, and recent findings illustrating the possible mechanisms underlying the microbiota–lung cancer interaction and the host immune response have been discussed. In addition, the mucosal immune system has been identified as a crucial communication frame to ease interactive dynamics between the immune system and the microbiota. Finally, the use of specific next-generation intestinal probiotic strains in counteracting airway diseases has been evaluated. We believe that restoring homeostasis and the balance of bacterial microflora should become part of the routine of integrated cancer interventions, using probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics, and promoting a healthy diet and lifestyle.
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Dono A, Nickles J, Rodriguez-Armendariz AG, Mcfarland BC, Ajami NJ, Ballester LY, Wargo JA, Esquenazi Y. Glioma and the Gut-Brain Axis: Opportunities and Future Perspectives. Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdac054. [PMID: 35591978 PMCID: PMC9113089 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut–brain axis has presented a valuable new dynamic in the treatment of cancer and central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, little is known about the potential role of this axis in neuro-oncology. The goal of this review is to highlight potential implications of the gut–brain axis in neuro-oncology, in particular gliomas, and future areas of research. The gut–brain axis is a well-established biochemical signaling axis that has been associated with various CNS diseases. In neuro-oncology, recent studies have described gut microbiome differences in tumor-bearing mice and glioma patients compared to controls. These differences in the composition of the microbiome are expected to impact the metabolic functionality of each microbiome. The effects of antibiotics on the microbiome may affect tumor growth and modulate the immune system in tumor-bearing mice. Preliminary studies have shown that the gut microbiome might influence PD-L1 response in glioma-bearing mice, as previously observed in other non-CNS cancers. Groundbreaking studies have identified intratumoral bacterial DNA in several cancers including high-grade glioma. The gut microbiome and its manipulation represent a new and relatively unexplored area that could be utilized to enhance the effectiveness of therapy in glioma. Further mechanistic studies of this therapeutic strategy are needed to assess its clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Dono
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jack Nickles
- Northeastern University, College of Science, Boston, MA, USA
- Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana G Rodriguez-Armendariz
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, México
| | - Braden C Mcfarland
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Nadim J Ajami
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Leomar Y Ballester
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yoshua Esquenazi
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- McGovern Medical School and Center of Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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Ye T, Zhu P, Liu Z, Ren Q, Zheng C, Xia X. Liver abscess after drug-eluting bead chemoembolization in patients with metastatic hepatic tumors. Br J Radiol 2022; 95:20211056. [PMID: 34762523 PMCID: PMC8722256 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20211056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence and risk factors for liver abscess formation after treatment with drug-eluting bead chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) in patients with metastatic hepatic tumors (MHT). METHODS The current study is a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 137 patients with metastatic hepatic tumors who received DEB-TACE treatment in our institute (Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology) between June 2015 and September 2020. Patients were evaluated for the presence or absence of post-DEB-TACE liver abscess. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for liver abscess formation. RESULTS The incidence of liver abscess formation after the DEB-TACE procedure was 8.76% per patient and 5.53% per procedure. Univariate analysis showed that larger maximum tumor diameter (p = 0.004), Grade 1 artery occlusion (p < 0.001) and systemic chemotherapy within 3 months before the DEB-TACE procedure (p < 0.001) were all associated with liver abscess formation. However, only systemic chemotherapy within 3 months before the DEB-TACE procedure (OR 5.49; 95% CI 0.34-13.54; p < 0.001) was identified by multivariate analysis to be an independent risk factor. CONCLUSIONS Tumor size, Grade 1 artery occlusion and recent systemic chemotherapy may all be associated with increased risk of liver abscess formation following DEB-TACE treatment in patients with metastatic hepatic tumors. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Identification of risk factors for liver abscess formation following DEB-TACE in patients with MHT. These findings suggest the need for caution and consideration of the aforementioned risk factors on the part of interventional radiologists when designing DEB-TACE strategies and performing post-procedure patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peng Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wuhan Hankou Hospital, Wuhan, China
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Yuan X, Xue J, Tan Y, Yang Q, Qin Z, Bao X, Li S, Pan L, Jiang Z, Wang Y, Lou Y, Jiang L, Du J. Albuca Bracteate Polysaccharides Synergistically Enhance the Anti-Tumor Efficacy of 5-Fluorouracil Against Colorectal Cancer by Modulating β-Catenin Signaling and Intestinal Flora. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:736627. [PMID: 34552494 PMCID: PMC8450769 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.736627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The first-line treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC) is 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). However, the efficacy of this treatment is sometimes limited owing to chemoresistance as well as treatment-associated intestinal mucositis and other adverse events. Growing evidence suggests that certain phytochemicals have therapeutic and cancer-preventing properties. Further, the synergistic interactions between many such plant-derived products and chemotherapeutic drugs have been linked to improved therapeutic efficacy. Polysaccharides extracted from Albuca bracteata (Thunb.) J.C.Manning and Goldblatt (ABP) have been reported to exhibit anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. In this study, murine CRC cells (CT26) and a murine model of CRC were used to examine the anti-tumor properties of ABP and explore the mechanism underlying the synergistic interactions between ABP and 5-FU. Our results revealed that ABP could inhibit tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and migratory activity in vitro and inhibited tumor progression in vivo by suppressing β-catenin signaling. Additionally, treatment with a combination of ABP and 5-FU resulted in better outcomes than treatment with either agent alone. Moreover, this combination therapy resulted in the specific enrichment of Ruminococcus, Anaerostipes, and Oscillospira in the intestinal microbiota and increased fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels (acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid). The improvement in the intestinal microbiota and the increase in beneficial SCFAs contributed to enhanced therapeutic outcomes and reduced the adverse effects of 5-FU. Together, these data suggest that ABP exhibits anti-neoplastic activity and can effectively enhance the efficacy of 5-FU in CRC treatment. Therefore, further research on the application of ABP in the development of novel anti-tumor drugs and adjuvant compounds is warranted and could improve the outcomes of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yuan
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiao Xue
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yingxia Tan
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qingguo Yang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Qin
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Bao
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shengkai Li
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liangliang Pan
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ziqing Jiang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jimei Du
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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A Perspective on the Role of Microbiome for Colorectal Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184623. [PMID: 34572850 PMCID: PMC8468110 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer worldwide and contributes significantly to global mortality and morbidity. The gut microbiome, composed of the trillions of microbes endemic to the human gastrointestinal tract, has been shown to be implicated in colorectal cancer oncogenesis; however, the roles of microbiota and dysbiosis in CRC treatment remain poorly understood. This review sought to characterize this relationship and in doing so, identify how these interactions may inform future treatments in the form of synbiotics designed to alter the host microbiota to achieve optimized treatment outcomes. Abstract In healthy hosts, trillions of microbes colonise the gut and oral cavity in a well-balanced state, maintaining a mutually beneficial relationship. Loss of this balance, termed dysbiosis, is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the roles of microbiota and dysbiosis in CRC treatment remain poorly understood. Recent studies suggest that the gut microbiota has the ability to affect the host response to chemotherapeutic agents by enhancing drug efficacy, promoting chemoresistance and mediating chemotherapy-induced toxicity and side effects via a variety of mechanisms. Several other studies have also proposed manipulation of the microbiota to optimise CRC treatment. In this review, we summarise the current advancement of knowledge on how microbiota and CRC treatments interact with each other and how this interaction may shed some light on the development of personalised microbiota manipulations that improve CRC treatment outcomes.
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15
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Chen H, Ma Y, Liu Z, Li J, Li X, Yang F, Qiu M. Circulating microbiome DNA: An emerging paradigm for cancer liquid biopsy. Cancer Lett 2021; 521:82-87. [PMID: 34461180 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dysbiosis of the human microbiome has long been reported to be closely associated with various cancers. Accumulating studies have shown that microbial dysbiosis can accelerate tumorigenesis through tumor-promoting inflammation, DNA damage, and inducing immune evasion. Differential composition of microbiome could be novel biomarkers for cancer detection or biomarkers of successful immunotherapy. More importantly, emerging evidence demonstrates that alterations of circulating microbiome DNA (cmDNA) could serve as promising noninvasive biomarkers for cancer detection. It has been reported that distinct circulating bacterial DNA could distinguish prostate cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma patients from healthy populations. Therefore, in this review, we summarized current literature on microbial biomarkers for cancer detection and unraveled the potential of cmDNA as a promising cancer detection tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiming Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yi Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Mantang Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China.
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Pham F, Moinard-Butot F, Coutzac C, Chaput N. Cancer and immunotherapy: a role for microbiota composition. Eur J Cancer 2021; 155:145-154. [PMID: 34375896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human microbiota plays a key role in preserving homeostasis; therefore, alteration in its composition is associated with susceptibility to various diseases. Recent findings suggest that gut microbiota may influence response to cancer treatment, especially immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs). The development of ICBs has changed outcomes of patients with cancer and has allowed sustained recovery. Unfortunately, some patients do not respond to ICBs, and microbiota may be a promising new biomarker to identify patients who will have benefit from ICBs. This review presents relationship between microbiome composition or microbiota-derived metabolites and response to ICBs or immune-related adverse events. Furthermore, we will present different strategies to modulate microbiota composition in patients to enhance ICB efficacy or dampen their toxicities which could lead to the emergence of interesting complementary treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Pham
- Department of Pharmacy, Hôpital Henri Mondor, AP-HP Créteil, F-94000, France; Department of Pharmacy, Centre Intercommunal de Créteil Créteil, F-94000, France
| | - Fabien Moinard-Butot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Strasbourg Europe Institute of Oncology Strasbourg, F-67033, France
| | - Clélia Coutzac
- Centre Léon Bérard, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, F-69008, France.
| | - Nathalie Chaput
- Laboratory of Immunomonitoring in Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, F-94805, France; University Paris-Saclay, School of Pharmacy, Chatenay-Malabry, F-92296, France.
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17
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Nutritional Interventions Targeting Gut Microbiota during Cancer Therapies. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9071469. [PMID: 34361904 PMCID: PMC8303428 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is increasingly being recognized for its influence on intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders such as cancer. Today, diet is the most studied environmental modulator of gut microbiota, capable of altering or improving it in terms of richness and diversity. Recent evidence from several preclinical and clinical trials suggested that gut microbiota composition could modulate cancer therapies (toxicities, treatment responses) and vice versa. This review highlights the latest research on the bidirectional associations between gut microbiota and cancer. We also dissect the role of gut microbiota during cancer therapies in terms of toxicity and treatment response and, in turn, how cancer therapies could impact gut microbiota composition and functions. In this context, we summarize the state-of-the-art research regarding the role of various nutritional interventions-prebiotics, dietary strategies, and dietary restrictions-as cutting-edge possibilities to modulate gut microbiota during cancer therapies.
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Zhu H, He YS, Ma J, Zhou J, Kong M, Wu CY, Mao Q, Lin G, Li SL. The dual roles of ginsenosides in improving the anti-tumor efficiency of cyclophosphamide in mammary carcinoma mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113271. [PMID: 32853742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a first line chemotherapeutic agent, but often limited for its unstable therapeutic effect and serious side effects. Ginsenosides could facilitate the anti-tumor efficiency of CTX, including benefiting therapeutic effect and decreasing side effects. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the potential mechanism of ginsenosides on benefiting the anti-tumor efficiency of CTX. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mammary carcinoma mice were applied to investigate the anti-tumor efficiency and potential mechanism of combinational treatment of ginsenosides and CTX. Therapeutic effect was evaluated based on survival rate, tumor burden, tumor growth inhibition rate, and apoptosis and histological changes of tumor tissues. Anti-tumor immunity was studied by measuring serum level of anti-tumor cytokines. Gut mucositis, one of lethal side effects of CTX, was evaluated by diarrhea degree, gut permeability and tight junction proteins expressions. Gut microbial diversity was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and fecal transplant and antibiotics sterilized animals were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of gut microbiota on tumor suppression. RESULTS Ginsenosides facilitated the therapeutic effect of CTX in mice, which manifested as prolonged survival rate, decreased tumor burden, as well as enhanced tumor growth inhibition rate and apoptosis. The favoring effect was related to elevation of anti-tumor immunity which manifested as the increased anti-tumor cytokines (INF-γ, IL-17, IL-2 and IL-6). Further studies indicated the elevation was ascribed to ginsenosides promoted reproduction of gut probiotics including Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. Moreover, co-administration of ginsenosides in mice alleviated CTX-induced gut mucositis, including lower gut permeability, less diarrhea, less epithelium damage and higher tight junction proteins. Further researches suggested the alleviation was related to ginsenosides activated Nrf2 and inhibited NFκB pathways. CONCLUSION Ginsenosides show dual roles to facilitate the anti-tumor efficiency of CTX, namely promote the anti-tumor immunity through maintaining gut microflora and ameliorate gut mucositis by modulating Nrf2 and NFκB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Sheng He
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jiang Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng-Ying Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Mao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ge Lin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Song-Lin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Department of Metabolomics, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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19
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Miller PL, Carson TL. Mechanisms and microbial influences on CTLA-4 and PD-1-based immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer: a narrative review. Gut Pathog 2020; 12:43. [PMID: 32944086 PMCID: PMC7488430 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-020-00381-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between gastrointestinal (GI) bacteria and the response to anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in the treatment of cancer can potentially be enhanced to allow patients to maximally respond to these treatments. Insight into the complex interaction between gut microbiota and the human adaptive immune system will help guide future immunotherapeutic cancer treatments to allow a more robust clinical response and fewer adverse effects in patients requiring these drugs. This review highlights these interactions as well as the potential for the creation of “oncomicrobiotics” that would selectively tailor one’s GI bacteria to maximally respond to anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 treatments will fewer adverse effects. Main body CTLA-4 is an antigen on the surface of T cells which, upon stimulation, leads to inhibition of activated T cells to terminate the immune response. However, many types of tumor cells can upregulate CTLA-4 in the tumor microenvironment, allowing these cells to evade targeting and destruction by the body’s immune system by prematurely inhibiting T cells. Increased representation of Bacteroides fragilis, Burkholderia cepacia and the Faecalibacterium genus in the GI tract of patients receiving CTLA-4-based immunotherapy led to a stronger therapeutic effect while minimizing adverse side effects such as colitis. In addition, by introducing bacteria involved in vitamin B and polyamine transport to the GI tracts of patients treated with anti-CTLA-4 drugs led to increased resistance to colitis while maintaining therapeutic efficacy. PD-1 is another molecule upregulated in many tumor microenvironments which acts in a similar manner to CTLA-4 to tone down the anti-neoplastic actions of T cells. Antibodies to PD-1 have shown promise to help allow the body’s natural immune response to appropriately target and destroy tumor cells. The presence of Bifidobacterium breve and longum, Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in the GI tracts of cancer patients has the potential to create a more robust immune response to anti-PD-1 drugs and prolonged survival. The development of “oncomicrobiotics” has the potential to help tailor one’s gut microbiota to allow patients to maximally respond to immunotherapy without sacrificing increases in toxicity. These oncomicrobiotics may possibly include antibiotics, probiotics, postbiotics and/or prebiotics. However, many challenges lie ahead in the creation of oncomicrobiotics. Conclusion The creation of oncomicrobiotics may allow many patients receiving anti-CTLA-4 and PD-1 immunotherapy to experience prolonged survival and a better quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter L Miller
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Tiffany L Carson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama Birmingham School of Medicine, 1717 11th Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35205 USA
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20
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Nallanchakravarthula S, Amruta N, Ramamurthy C. Cancer Microbiome; Opportunities and Challenges. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 21:215-229. [PMID: 32819239 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320999200818134942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbe-host association has emerged as a modulator in modern medicine. Cancer and its associated host microbes are collectively referred to as the cancer microbiome. The cancer microbiome is complex, and many aspects remain unclear including metabolic plasticity, microenvironment remodeling, cellular communications, and unique signatures within the host, all of which have a vital role in homeostasis and pathogenesis of host physiology. However, the role of the microbiome in cancer initiation, progression, and therapy is still poorly understood and remains to be explored. OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to elucidate the role of the microbiome in cancer metabolism and the tumor microenvironment. It also focuses on the importance of therapeutic opportunities and challenges in the manipulation of the cancer microbiome. METHODS A literature search was conducted on the role of the microbiome in cancer initiation, progression, and therapy. CONCLUSION The tumor microenvironment and cancer metabolism are significant in host-microbiome interactions. The microbiome can modulate standard cancer therapies like chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Microbiome transplantation has also been demonstrated as an effective therapy against cancer. Furthermore, the modulation of the microbiome also has potential clinical outcomes in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Narayanappa Amruta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Chitteti Ramamurthy
- C.G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, UkaTarsadia University, Maliba campus, Bardoli Surat (Dist), Gujarat, India
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21
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Tocchetti CG, Ameri P, de Boer RA, D’Alessandra Y, Russo M, Sorriento D, Ciccarelli M, Kiss B, Bertrand L, Dawson D, Falcao-Pires I, Giacca M, Hamdani N, Linke WA, Mayr M, van der Velden J, Zacchigna S, Ghigo A, Hirsch E, Lyon AR, Görbe A, Ferdinandy P, Madonna R, Heymans S, Thum T. Cardiac dysfunction in cancer patients: beyond direct cardiomyocyte damage of anticancer drugs: novel cardio-oncology insights from the joint 2019 meeting of the ESC Working Groups of Myocardial Function and Cellular Biology of the Heart. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:1820-1834. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In western countries, cardiovascular (CV) disease and cancer are the leading causes of death in the ageing population. Recent epidemiological data suggest that cancer is more frequent in patients with prevalent or incident CV disease, in particular, heart failure (HF). Indeed, there is a tight link in terms of shared risk factors and mechanisms between HF and cancer. HF induced by anticancer therapies has been extensively studied, primarily focusing on the toxic effects that anti-tumour treatments exert on cardiomyocytes. In this Cardio-Oncology update, members of the ESC Working Groups of Myocardial Function and Cellular Biology of the Heart discuss novel evidence interconnecting cardiac dysfunction and cancer via pathways in which cardiomyocytes may be involved but are not central. In particular, the multiple roles of cardiac stromal cells (endothelial cells and fibroblasts) and inflammatory cells are highlighted. Also, the gut microbiota is depicted as a new player at the crossroads between HF and cancer. Finally, the role of non-coding RNAs in Cardio-Oncology is also addressed. All these insights are expected to fuel additional research efforts in the field of Cardio-Oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Clinical and Translational Sciences (CIRCET), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Ameri
- Cardiovascular Disease Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, AB31, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yuri D’Alessandra
- Immunology and Functional Genomics Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Russo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Sorriento
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Odontology, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Bernadett Kiss
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Cardiometabolic Research Group and MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Luc Bertrand
- IREC Institute, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dana Dawson
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Ines Falcao-Pires
- Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento Cardiovascular, Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Mauro Giacca
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences and Cardiovascular Department, Centre for Translational Cardiology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
- King’s British Heart Foundation Centre, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Witten, Germany
| | | | - Manuel Mayr
- King’s British Heart Foundation Centre, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences and Cardiovascular Department, Centre for Translational Cardiology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ghigo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alexander R Lyon
- Cardio-Oncology Service, Royal Brompton Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anikó Görbe
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Cardiometabolic Research Group and MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Cardiometabolic Research Group and MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Institute of Cardiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Research, McGovern School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Azevedo MM, Pina-Vaz C, Baltazar F. Microbes and Cancer: Friends or Faux? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093115. [PMID: 32354115 PMCID: PMC7247677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most aggressive and deadly diseases in the world, representing the second leading cause of death. It is a multifactorial disease, in which genetic alterations play a key role, but several environmental factors also contribute to its development and progression. Infections induced by certain viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites constitute risk factors for cancer, being chronic infection associated to the development of certain types of cancer. On the other hand, susceptibility to infectious diseases is higher in cancer patients. The state of the host immune system plays a crucial role in the susceptibility to both infection and cancer. Importantly, immunosuppressive cancer treatments increase the risk of infection, by decreasing the host defenses. Furthermore, alterations in the host microbiota is also a key factor in the susceptibility to develop cancer. More recently, the identification of a tumor microbiota, in which bacteria establish a symbiotic relationship with cancer cells, opened a new area of research. There is evidence demonstrating that the interaction between bacteria and cancer cells can modulate the anticancer drug response and toxicity. The present review focuses on the interaction between microbes and cancer, specifically aiming to: (1) review the main infectious agents associated with development of cancer and the role of microbiota in cancer susceptibility; (2) highlight the higher vulnerability of cancer patients to acquire infectious diseases; (3) document the relationship between cancer cells and tissue microbiota; (4) describe the role of intratumoral bacteria in the response and toxicity to cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Manuel Azevedo
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Agrupamento de Escolas D. Maria II, 4760-067 V.N. Famalicão, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-551-36
| | - Cidália Pina-Vaz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Baltazar
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4835-258 Guimarães, Portugal
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23
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Aranda-Olmedo I, Rubio LA. Dietary legumes, intestinal microbiota, inflammation and colorectal cancer. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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24
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The microbiome and breast cancer: a review. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 178:493-496. [PMID: 31456069 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05407-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The human microbiome plays an integral role in physiology, with most microbes considered benign or beneficial. However, some microbes are known to be detrimental to human health, including organisms linked to cancers and other diseases characterized by aberrant inflammation. Dysbiosis, a state of microbial imbalance with harmful bacteria species outcompeting benign bacteria, can lead to maladies including cancer. The microbial composition varies across body sites, with the gut, urogenital, and skin microbiomes particularly well characterized. However, the microbiome associated with normal breast tissue and breast diseases is poorly understood. Collectively, studies have shown that breast tissue has a distinct microbiome with particular species enriched in the breast tissue itself, as well as the nipple aspirate and gut bacteria of women with breast cancer. More importantly, the breast and associated microbiomes may modulate therapeutic response and serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosing and staging breast cancer.
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25
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Role of Microbiome in Modulating Immune Responses in Cancer. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:4107917. [PMID: 31308831 PMCID: PMC6594313 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4107917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex interactions between genes and the environment play important roles in disease susceptibility and progression. One of the chronic diseases that is affected by this gene-environment interplay is cancer. However, our knowledge about these environmental factors remains limited. The microorganisms that inhabit our bodies have recently been acknowledged to play a crucial role as an environmental factor, to which we are constantly exposed. Studies have revealed significant differences in the relative abundance of certain microbes in cancer cases compared with controls. It has been reported that changes in the composition of normal gut microbiota can increase/decrease cancer susceptibility and progression by diverse mechanisms including, but not limited to, inflammation—a well-known hallmark of carcinogenesis. The microbiota can also affect the response to various treatments including immunotherapy. The microbiome-immune-cancer axis will continue to provide insight into the basic mechanisms of carcinogenesis. In this review, we provide a brief understanding of the mechanisms by which microbiota affects cancer development, progression, and treatment.
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Wegiel B, Vuerich M, Daneshmandi S, Seth P. Metabolic Switch in the Tumor Microenvironment Determines Immune Responses to Anti-cancer Therapy. Front Oncol 2018; 8:284. [PMID: 30151352 PMCID: PMC6099109 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-induced immune tolerance permits growth and spread of malignant cells. Cancer cells have strong influence on surrounding cells and shape the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME) facilitating cancer progression. A dynamic change in glucose metabolism occurring in cancer cells and its influence on the TME are still poorly understood. Indeed, cancer and/or immune cells undergo rapid adaptation in metabolic pathways during cancer progression. Metabolic reprograming affects macrophages, T cells, and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) among other immune cells. Their role in the TME depends on a nature and concentration of factors, such as cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), growth factors, and most importantly, diffusible metabolites (i.e., lactate). Further, the amounts of available nutrients and oxygen as well as activity of microbiota may influence metabolic pathways in the TME. The roles of metabolites in regulating of the interaction between immune and cancer cell are highlighted in this review. Targeting metabolic reprogramming or signaling pathways controlling cell metabolism in the TME might be a potential strategy for anti-cancer therapy alone or in combination with current immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Wegiel
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States.,Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Marta Vuerich
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Saeed Daneshmandi
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pankaj Seth
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States.,Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
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27
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Sun L, Suo C, Li ST, Zhang H, Gao P. Metabolic reprogramming for cancer cells and their microenvironment: Beyond the Warburg Effect. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1870:51-66. [PMID: 29959989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
While metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells has long been considered from the standpoint of how and why cancer cells preferentially utilize glucose via aerobic glycolysis, the so-called Warburg Effect, the progress in the following areas during the past several years has substantially advanced our understanding of the rewired metabolic network in cancer cells that is intertwined with oncogenic signaling. First, in addition to the major nutrient substrates glucose and glutamine, cancer cells have been discovered to utilize a variety of unconventional nutrient sources for survival. Second, the deregulated biomass synthesis is intertwined with cell cycle progression to coordinate the accelerated progression of cancer cells. Third, the reciprocal regulation of cancer cell's metabolic alterations and the microenvironment, involving extensive host immune cells and microbiota, have come into view as critical mechanisms to regulate cancer progression. These and other advances are shaping the current and future paradigm of cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linchong Sun
- Laboratory of Cancer and Stem Cell metabolism, Guangzhou First Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Caixia Suo
- Laboratory of Cancer and Stem Cell metabolism, Guangzhou First Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shi-Ting Li
- Laboratory of Cancer and Stem Cell metabolism, Guangzhou First Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Huafeng Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
| | - Ping Gao
- Laboratory of Cancer and Stem Cell metabolism, Guangzhou First Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.
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28
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Uribe-Herranz M, Bittinger K, Rafail S, Guedan S, Pierini S, Tanes C, Ganetsky A, Morgan MA, Gill S, Tanyi JL, Bushman FD, June CH, Facciabene A. Gut microbiota modulates adoptive cell therapy via CD8α dendritic cells and IL-12. JCI Insight 2018; 3:94952. [PMID: 29467322 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.94952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) is a promising new modality for malignancies. Here, we report that adoptive T cell efficacy in tumor-bearing mice is significantly affected by differences in the native composition of the gut microbiome or treatment with antibiotics, or by heterologous fecal transfer. Depletion of bacteria with vancomycin decreased the rate of tumor growth in mice from The Jackson Laboratory receiving ACT, whereas treatment with neomycin and metronidazole had no effect, indicating the role of specific bacteria in host response. Vancomycin treatment induced an increase in systemic CD8α+ DCs, which sustained systemic adoptively transferred antitumor T cells in an IL-12-dependent manner. In subjects undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, we found that oral vancomycin also increased IL-12 levels. Collectively, our findings demonstrate an important role played by the gut microbiota in the antitumor effectiveness of ACT and suggest potentially new avenues to improve response to ACT by altering the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Uribe-Herranz
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, and.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kyle Bittinger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Sonia Guedan
- Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Stefano Pierini
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, and.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ceylan Tanes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Saar Gill
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, and
| | | | - Frederic D Bushman
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Carl H June
- Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine
| | - Andrea Facciabene
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, and.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Picchianti-Diamanti A, Rosado MM, D'Amelio R. Infectious Agents and Inflammation: The Role of Microbiota in Autoimmune Arthritis. Front Microbiol 2018; 8:2696. [PMID: 29387048 PMCID: PMC5776018 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In higher vertebrates, mucosal sites at the border between the internal and external environments, directly interact with bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Through co-evolution, hosts developed mechanisms of tolerance or ignorance toward some infectious agents, because hosts established "gain of function" interactions with symbiotic bacteria. Indeed, some bacteria assist hosts in different functions, among which are digestion of complex carbohydrates, and absorption and supply of vitamins. There is no doubt that microbiota modulate innate and acquired immune responses starting at birth. However, variations in quality and quantity of bacterial species interfere with the equilibrium between inflammation and tolerance. In fact, correlations between gut bacteria composition and the severity of inflammation were first described for inflammatory bowel diseases and later extended to other pathologies. The genetic background, environmental factors (e.g., stress or smoking), and diet can induce strong changes in the resident bacteria which can expose the intestinal epithelium to a variety of different metabolites, many of which have unknown functions and consequences. In addition, alterations in gut permeability may allow pathogens entry, thereby triggering infection and/or chronic inflammation. In this context, a local event occurring at a mucosal site may be the triggering cause of an autoimmune reaction that eventually involves distant sites or organs. Recently, several studies attributed a pathogenic role to altered oral microbiota in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to gut dysbiosis in spondyloarthritis (SpA). There is also growing evidence that different drugs, such as antibiotics and immunosuppressants, can influence and be influenced by the diversity and composition of microbiota in RA and SpA patients. Hence, in complex disorders such RA and SpA, not only the genetic background, gender, and immunologic context of the individual are relevant, but also the history of infections and the structure of the microbial community at mucosal sites should be considered. Here the role of the microbiota and infections in the initiation and progression of chronic arthritis is discussed, as well as how these factors can influence a patient's response to synthetic and biologic immunosuppressive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Picchianti-Diamanti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Raffaele D'Amelio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Zetzmann K, Strehl J, Geppert C, Kuerten S, Jabari S, Brehmer A. Calbindin D28k-Immunoreactivity in Human Enteric Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010194. [PMID: 29316719 PMCID: PMC5796143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Calbindin (CALB) is well established as immunohistochemical marker for intrinsic primary afferent neurons in the guinea pig gut. Its expression by numerous human enteric neurons has been demonstrated but little is known about particular types of neurons immunoreactive for CALB. Here we investigated small and large intestinal wholemount sets of 26 tumor patients in order to evaluate (1) the proportion of CALB+ neurons in the total neuron population, (2) the colocalization of CALB with calretinin (CALR), somatostatin (SOM) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and (3) the morphology of CALB+ neurons. CALB+ neurons represented a minority of myenteric neurons (small intestine: 31%; large intestine: 25%) and the majority of submucosal neurons (between 72 and 95%). In the submucosa, most CALB+ neurons co-stained for CALR and VIP (between 69 and 80%) or for SOM (between 20 and 3%). In the myenteric plexus, 85% of CALB+ neurons did not co-stain with the other markers investigated. An unequivocal correlation between CALB reactivity and neuronal morphology was found for myenteric type III neurons in the small intestine: uniaxonal neurons with long, slender and branched dendrites were generally positive for CALB. Since also other neurons displayed occasional CALB reactivity, this protein is not suited as an exclusive marker for type III neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Zetzmann
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Krankenhausstraße 9, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Johanna Strehl
- Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Krankenhausstraße 8-10, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Carol Geppert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Krankenhausstraße 8-10, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Kuerten
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Krankenhausstraße 9, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Samir Jabari
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Krankenhausstraße 9, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Axel Brehmer
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Krankenhausstraße 9, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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31
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Koslow M, Epstein Shochet G, Matveychuk A, Israeli-Shani L, Guber A, Shitrit D. The role of bacterial culture by bronchoscopy in patients with lung cancer: a prospective study. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:5300-5305. [PMID: 29312739 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.10.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Patients with lung cancer undergoing surgical and medical treatment are at increased risk for pulmonary complications. The importance of routine bronchoscopy procedure in populations with lung cancer has rarely been defined. We aimed to determine the growth of potentially pathogenic microorganisms (PPM) among patients evaluated by bronchoscopy for lung cancer. Methods This prospective study included 155 consecutive patients with lung mass or radiologic findings suspicious for malignancy. Baseline demographic, clinical and radiologic features were collected. Clinical features of infection were compared to microbiologic and histologic results. Results The bacterial spectrum of lung cancer patients was similar to those without malignancy. The most frequently isolated organisms were Pseudomonas sp. and Staphylococcus aureus. Among all patients, bronchial bacterial positive PPM growth was noted in 30% (46/155). The significant PPM growth rate was three-fold higher among those with clinical signs of infection (P<0.001). Interestingly, 30 of these 46 patients (66%) did not show signs of clinical infection. Conclusions Bronchoscopic evaluations should include bacterial cultures for direct targeted antibiotic therapy only in the symptomatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Koslow
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | | | - Alona Matveychuk
- Pulmonary Medicine Department, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | | | - Alexander Guber
- Pulmonary Medicine Department, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Shitrit
- Pulmonary Medicine Department, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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32
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Group III phospholipase A 2 promotes colitis and colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12261. [PMID: 28947740 PMCID: PMC5612992 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12434-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid mediators play pivotal roles in colorectal cancer and colitis, but only a limited member of the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) subtypes, which lie upstream of various lipid mediators, have been implicated in the positive or negative regulation of these diseases. Clinical and biochemical evidence suggests that secreted PLA2 group III (sPLA2-III) is associated with colorectal cancer, although its precise role remains obscure. Here we have found that sPLA2-III-null (Pla2g3 -/-) mice are highly resistant to colon carcinogenesis. Furthermore, Pla2g3 -/- mice are less susceptible to dextran sulfate-induced colitis, implying that the amelioration of colonic inflammation by sPLA2-III ablation may underlie the protective effect against colon cancer. Lipidomics analysis of the colon revealed significant reduction of pro-inflammatory/pro-tumorigenic lysophosholipids as well as unusual steady-state elevation of colon-protective fatty acids and their oxygenated metabolites in Pla2g3 -/- mice. Overall, our results establish a role of sPLA2-III in the promotion of colorectal inflammation and cancer, expand our understanding of the divergent roles of multiple PLA2 enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract, and point to sPLA2-III as a novel druggable target for colorectal diseases.
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33
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Mechanistic Model for Cancer Growth and Response to Chemotherapy. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2017; 2017:3676295. [PMID: 28928794 PMCID: PMC5591976 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3676295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cancer treatment has developed over the years; however not all patients respond to this treatment, and therefore further research is needed. In this paper, we employ mathematical modeling to understand the behavior of cancer and its interaction with therapy. We study a drug delivery and drug-cell interaction model along with cell proliferation. Due to the fact that cancer cells grow when there are enough nutrients and oxygen, proliferation can be a barrier against a response to therapy. To understand the effect of this factor, we perform numerical simulations of the model for different values of the parameters with a continuous delivery of the drug. The numerical results showed that cancer dies after short apoptotic cycles if the cancer is highly vascularized or if the penetration of the drug is high. This suggests promoting angiogenesis or perfusion of the drug. This result is similar to the situation where proliferation is not considered since the constant release of drug overcomes the growth of the cells and thus the effect of proliferation can be neglected.
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34
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Vyshenska D, Lam KC, Shulzhenko N, Morgun A. Interplay between viruses and bacterial microbiota in cancer development. Semin Immunol 2017; 32:14-24. [PMID: 28602713 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
During the last few decades we have become accustomed to the idea that viruses can cause tumors. It is much less considered and discussed, however, that most people infected with oncoviruses will never develop cancer. Therefore, the genetic and environmental factors that tip the scales from clearance of viral infection to development of cancer are currently an area of active investigation. Microbiota has recently emerged as a potentially critical factor that would affect this balance by increasing or decreasing the ability of viral infection to promote carcinogenesis. In this review, we provide a model of microbiome contribution to the development of oncogenic viral infections and viral associated cancers, give examples of this process in human tumors, and describe the challenges that prevent progress in the field as well as their potential solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariia Vyshenska
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 1601 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Khiem C Lam
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 1601 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Natalia Shulzhenko
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, 208 Dryden Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Andrey Morgun
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, 1601 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
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35
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Miura K, Shima H, Takebe N, Rhie J, Satoh K, Kakugawa Y, Satoh M, Kinouchi M, Yamamoto K, Hasegawa Y, Kawai M, Kanazawa K, Fujiya T, Unno M, Katakura R. Drug delivery of oral anti-cancer fluoropyrimidine agents. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2017; 14:1355-1366. [PMID: 28379040 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2017.1316260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sixty years since its introduction, 5-FU still forms the core of chemotherapy regimens for many types of malignancies. 5-FU is a time-dependent drug but is rapidly degraded in plasma by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD). Although originally developed in an intravenous form, 5-FU oral prodrugs were developed with the goal of improving efficacy and minimizing toxicity as well as to capitalize on the advantages of oral drug administration. The inactive 5-FU prodrug is gradually converted into the active form in the systemic circulation. UFT, S-1, and capecitabine are oral 5-FU prodrugs currently in clinical use. However, the efficacy of 5-FU can be further improved by its combination with DPD inhibitors and biochemical modulators, such as uracil and leucovorin, in addition to modifying administration schedules. Areas covered: We focused on the drug delivery of oral 5-FU prodrugs, their pharmacokinetics, and the development of DPD inhibitors. Since oral 5-FU prodrugs have been formulated into combination drugs, we also discussed the regulatory approval of combination drugs. Expert opinion: Many regimens that include intravenously administered 5-FU can be replaced by oral 5-FU prodrugs. Patients would benefit from development of combination 5-FU oral prodrug formulations and its associated path through the combination drug regulatory approval process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koh Miura
- a Department of Surgery , Miyagi Cancer Center , Natori , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shima
- b Division of Cancer Chemotherapy , Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute , Natori , Japan
| | - Naoko Takebe
- c Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Investigational Drug Branch , National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Julie Rhie
- d Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Regulatory Affairs Branch , National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute , Bethesda , MD , USA
| | - Kennichi Satoh
- e Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute , Division of Cancer Stem Cell , Natori , Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kakugawa
- f Department of Breast Oncology , Miyagi Cancer Center , Natori , Japan
| | - Masayuki Satoh
- a Department of Surgery , Miyagi Cancer Center , Natori , Japan
| | - Makoto Kinouchi
- a Department of Surgery , Miyagi Cancer Center , Natori , Japan
| | | | | | - Masaaki Kawai
- f Department of Breast Oncology , Miyagi Cancer Center , Natori , Japan
| | | | - Tsuneaki Fujiya
- a Department of Surgery , Miyagi Cancer Center , Natori , Japan
| | - Michiaki Unno
- g Department of Surgery , Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai , Japan
| | - Ryuichi Katakura
- h Department of Neurosurgery , Miyagi Cancer Center , Natori , Japan
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36
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Botticelli A, Zizzari I, Mazzuca F, Ascierto PA, Putignani L, Marchetti L, Napoletano C, Nuti M, Marchetti P. Cross-talk between microbiota and immune fitness to steer and control response to anti PD-1/PDL-1 treatment. Oncotarget 2017; 8:8890-8899. [PMID: 27806346 PMCID: PMC5352451 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) are improving the survival of cancer patients, however only the 20-30% of treated patients present clinical benefits. Toxicity represents the major cause of reduced dosage, delayed drug administration and therapy discontinuation. Hence in the context of multiple treatment possibilities, the identification of predictive markers of response and toxicity is a challenging approach for drug selection in order to obtain the best clinical benefit while minimizing the side effects. The loss of the protective function of intestinal barriers that interacts with the environment measured as increased intestinal permeability and the changes occurring in the microbiota composition have been proposed as a mechanism potentially explaining the pathogenesis of immune related toxicity.In this review we discuss the new perspectives on the involvement of PD-1 and PDL-1 in the cross talk between gut microbiota and immune fitness and how gut microbiota impacts on the efficacy of anti-PD-1 and anti-PDL-1 treatments in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Botticelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, SantAndrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zizzari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Mazzuca
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, SantAndrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Antonio Ascierto
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy, and Innovative Therapy, Istituto nazionale Tumori Fondazione G Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Lorenza Putignani
- Units of Parasitology and Human Microbiome, Bambino Ges Childrens Hospital and Research Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Marchetti
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Policlinico Umberto I, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Napoletano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Nuti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, SantAndrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Rajagopala SV, Vashee S, Oldfield LM, Suzuki Y, Venter JC, Telenti A, Nelson KE. The Human Microbiome and Cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2017; 10:226-234. [PMID: 28096237 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-16-0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent scientific advances have significantly contributed to our understanding of the complex connection between the microbiome and cancer. Our bodies are continuously exposed to microbial cells, both resident and transient, as well as their byproducts, including toxic metabolites. Circulation of toxic metabolites may contribute to cancer onset or progression at locations distant from where a particular microbe resides. Moreover, microbes may migrate to other locations in the human body and become associated with tumor development. Several case-control metagenomics studies suggest that dysbiosis in the commensal microbiota is also associated with inflammatory disorders and various cancer types throughout the body. Although the microbiome influences carcinogenesis through mechanisms independent of inflammation and immune system, the most recognizable link is between the microbiome and cancer via the immune system, as the resident microbiota plays an essential role in activating, training, and modulating the host immune response. Immunologic dysregulation is likely to provide mechanistic explanations as to how our microbiome influences cancer development and cancer therapies. In this review, we discuss recent developments in understanding the human gut microbiome's relationship with cancer and the feasibility of developing novel cancer diagnostics based on microbiome profiles. Cancer Prev Res; 10(4); 226-34. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanjay Vashee
- J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI), Rockville, Maryland
| | | | - Yo Suzuki
- J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI), Rockville, Maryland
| | - J Craig Venter
- J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI), Rockville, Maryland.,Human Longevity, Inc., San Diego, California
| | - Amalio Telenti
- J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI), Rockville, Maryland.,Human Longevity, Inc., San Diego, California
| | - Karen E Nelson
- J. Craig Venter Institute (JCVI), Rockville, Maryland. .,Human Longevity, Inc., San Diego, California
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Schnorr SL, Sankaranarayanan K, Lewis CM, Warinner C. Insights into human evolution from ancient and contemporary microbiome studies. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2016; 41:14-26. [PMID: 27507098 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, human microbiome research has energized the study of human evolution through a complete shift in our understanding of what it means to be human. The microbiome plays a pivotal role in human biology, performing key functions in digestion, mood and behavior, development and immunity, and a range of acute and chronic diseases. It is therefore critical to understand its evolution and changing ecology through time. Here we review recent findings on the microbiota of diverse human populations, non-human primates, and past human populations and discuss the implications of this research in formulating a deeper evolutionary understanding of the human holobiont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Schnorr
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, 455 W. Lindsey St., Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | | | - Cecil M Lewis
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, 455 W. Lindsey St., Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Christina Warinner
- Department of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, 455 W. Lindsey St., Norman, OK 73019, USA.
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Diamanti AP, Manuela Rosado M, Laganà B, D’Amelio R. Microbiota and chronic inflammatory arthritis: an interwoven link. J Transl Med 2016; 14:233. [PMID: 27492386 PMCID: PMC4973033 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0989-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only recently, the scientific community gained insights on the importance of the intestinal resident flora for the host's health and disease. Gut microbiota in fact plays a crucial role in modulating innate and acquired immune responses and thus interferes with the fragile balance inflammation versus tolerance. MAIN BODY Correlations between gut bacteria composition and the severity of inflammation have been studied in inflammatory bowel diseases. More recently similar alterations in the gut microbiota have been reported in patients with spondyloarthritis, whereas in rheumatoid arthritis an accumulating body of evidence evokes a pathogenic role for the altered oral microbiota in disease development and course. In the context of dysbiosis it is also important to remember that different environmental factors like stress, smoke and dietary components can induce strong bacterial changes and consequent exposure of the intestinal epithelium to a variety of different metabolites, many of which have an unknown function. In this perspective, and in complex disorders like autoimmune diseases, not only the genetic makeup, sex and immunologic context of the individual but also the structure of his microbial community should be taken into account. CONCLUSIONS Here we provide a review of the role of the microbiota in the onset, severity and progression of chronic inflammatory arthritis as well as its impact on the therapeutic management of these patients. Furthermore we point-out the complex interwoven link between gut-joint-brain and immune system by reviewing the most recent data on the literature on the importance of environmental factors such as diet, smoke and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Picchianti Diamanti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, II School of Medicine, S. Andrea University Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, S. Andrea University Hospital, “Sapienza” University, Via di Grottarossa 1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Bruno Laganà
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, II School of Medicine, S. Andrea University Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele D’Amelio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, II School of Medicine, S. Andrea University Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Malhi RS, Bader AC. ENGAGING NATIVE AMERICANS IN GENOMICS RESEARCH. AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST 2015; 117:743-744. [PMID: 27799658 DOI: 10.1111/aman.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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He XP, Hu XL, Jin HY, Gan J, Zhu H, Li J, Long YT, Tian H. Quick Serological Detection of a Cancer Biomarker with an Agglutinated Supramolecular Glycoprobe. Anal Chem 2015; 87:9078-83. [PMID: 26235567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Peng He
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Xi-Le Hu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Hong-Ying Jin
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Jiemin Gan
- Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 221 West Yan’an Road, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Huili Zhu
- Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 221 West Yan’an Road, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- National
Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research,
Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shoujing Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
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Sun B, Karin M. The therapeutic value of targeting inflammation in gastrointestinal cancers. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2014; 35:349-57. [PMID: 24881011 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation has been implicated in the initiation and progression of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. Inflammation also plays important roles in subverting immune tolerance, escape from immune surveillance, and conferring resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Targeting key regulators and mediators of inflammation represents an attractive strategy for GI cancer prevention and treatment. However, the targeting of inflammation in GI cancer is not straightforward and sometimes inflammation may contribute to tumor regression. We discuss the origins and effects of inflammation in GI cancer and how to target it successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beicheng Sun
- Liver Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital and Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China.
| | - Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, Cancer Center, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92093-0723, USA.
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