1
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Liu X, Guo Z, Cheng J, Wei F, Zhang J. Abnormal white matter integrity of anterior-inferior hypothalamus in mild cognitive impairment patients with depression symptoms. J Affect Disord 2024; 362:225-229. [PMID: 38971191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hypothalamus is a key brain structure involved in the pathogenesis of depression, and its abnormal activity is considered an important pathological mechanism for the formation of depression. The presence of abnormalities in the white matter integrity of hypothalamic subregions in mild cognitive impairment with depressive symptoms (D-MCI) remains unknown. METHODS In this study, we used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to explore the white matter integrity of hypothalamic subregions in D-MCI. On a 3 T magnetic resonance imaging scanner, we collected DTI data from 63 subjects. The subjects included 20 healthy controls (HC), 23 MCI patients without depression (nD-MCI), and 20 patients with D-MCI. The differences in DTI metrics of hypothalamic subregions of the three groups were compared using analysis of variance and post hoc t-tests. We looked at the relationship between clinical variables and DTI metrics in hypothalamus subregions using Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS Compared with nD-MCI and HC groups, D-MCI group showed increased fractional anisotropy (FA) in anterior-inferior hypothalamus. There was a weak negative correlation between FA values in the anterior-inferior hypothalamus and depression scores in D-MCI patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that depressive symptoms in MCI patients are associated with abnormal white matter integrity in the anterior-inferior hypothalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozheng Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Structural and Functional Imaging, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
| | - Zhongwei Guo
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Jinming Cheng
- Department of Neurology of the Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050050, China
| | - Fuquan Wei
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
| | - Jiangtao Zhang
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China
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2
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Louie AY, Drnevich J, Johnson JL, Woodard M, Kukekova AV, Johnson RW, Steelman AJ. Respiratory infection with influenza A virus delays remyelination and alters oligodendrocyte metabolism. iScience 2024; 27:110464. [PMID: 39104416 PMCID: PMC11298649 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral viral infection disrupts oligodendrocyte (OL) homeostasis such that endogenous remyelination may be affected. Here, we demonstrate that influenza A virus infection perpetuated a demyelination- and disease-associated OL phenotype following cuprizone-induced demyelination that resulted in delayed OL maturation and remyelination in the prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, we assessed cellular metabolism ex vivo, and found that infection altered brain OL and microglia metabolism in a manner that opposed the metabolic profile induced by remyelination. Specifically, infection increased glycolytic capacity of OLs and microglia, an effect that was recapitulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of mixed glia cultures. In contrast, mitochondrial dependence was increased in OLs during remyelination, which was similarly observed in OLs of myelinating P14 mice compared to adult and aged mice. Collectively, our data indicate that respiratory viral infection is capable of suppressing remyelination, and suggest that metabolic dysfunction of OLs is implicated in remyelination impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Y. Louie
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jenny Drnevich
- Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Johnson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Meagan Woodard
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Anna V. Kukekova
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Rodney W. Johnson
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Andrew J. Steelman
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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3
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Leenders F, Koole L, Slaets H, Tiane A, Hove DVD, Vanmierlo T. Navigating oligodendrocyte precursor cell aging in brain health. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 220:111959. [PMID: 38950628 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) comprise 5-8 % of the adult glial cell population and stand out as the most proliferative cell type in the central nervous system (CNS). OPCs are responsible for generating oligodendrocytes (OLs), the myelinating cells of the CNS. However, OPC functions decline as we age, resulting in impaired differentiation and inadequate remyelination. This review explores the cellular and molecular changes associated with OPC aging, and their impact on OPC differentiation and functionality. Furthermore, it examines the impact of OPC aging within the context of multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease, both neurodegenerative conditions wherein aged OPCs exacerbate disease progression by impeding remyelination. Moreover, various pharmacological interventions targeting pathways related to senescence and differentiation are discussed as potential strategies to rejuvenate aged OPCs. Enhancing our understanding of OPC aging mechanisms holds promise for developing new therapies to improve remyelination and repair in age-related neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freddy Leenders
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division Translational Neuroscience, Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Lisa Koole
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division Translational Neuroscience, Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Helena Slaets
- University MS Centre (UMSC) Hasselt, Pelt, Belgium; Neuro-Immune Connections and Repair Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Assia Tiane
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division Translational Neuroscience, Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; University MS Centre (UMSC) Hasselt, Pelt, Belgium
| | - Daniel van den Hove
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division Translational Neuroscience, Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tim Vanmierlo
- Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division Translational Neuroscience, Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; University MS Centre (UMSC) Hasselt, Pelt, Belgium.
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4
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Bottero M, Pessina G, Bason C, Vigo T, Uccelli A, Ferrara G. Nerve-Glial antigen 2: unmasking the enigmatic cellular identity in the central nervous system. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1393842. [PMID: 39136008 PMCID: PMC11317297 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1393842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are fundamental components of the extracellular matrix in the central nervous system (CNS). Among these, the Nerve-Glial antigen 2 (NG2) stands out as a transmembrane CSPG exclusively expressed in a different population of cells collectively termed NG2-expressing cells. These enigmatic cells, found throughout the developing and adult CNS, have been indicated with various names, including NG2 progenitor cells, polydendrocytes, synantocytes, NG2 cells, and NG2-Glia, but are more commonly referred to as oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. Characterized by high proliferation rates and unique morphology, NG2-expressing cells stand apart from neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Intriguingly, some NG2-expressing cells form functional glutamatergic synapses with neurons, challenging the long-held belief that only neurons possess the intricate machinery required for neurotransmission. In the CNS, the complexity surrounding NG2-expressing cells extends to their classification. Additionally, NG2 expression has been documented in pericytes and immune cells, suggesting a role in regulating brain innate immunity and neuro-immune crosstalk in homeostasis. Ongoing debates revolve around their heterogeneity, potential as progenitors for various cell types, responses to neuroinflammation, and the role of NG2. Therefore, this review aims to shed light on the enigma of NG2-expressing cells by delving into their structure, functions, and signaling pathways. We will critically evaluate the literature on NG2 expression across the CNS, and address the contentious issues surrounding their classification and roles in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. By unraveling the intricacies of NG2-expressing cells, we hope to pave the way for a more comprehensive understanding of their contributions to CNS health and during neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bottero
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giada Pessina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Tiziana Vigo
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonio Uccelli
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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5
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Haroon A, Seerapu H, Fang LP, Weß JH, Bai X. Unlocking the Potential: immune functions of oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1425706. [PMID: 39044821 PMCID: PMC11263107 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1425706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) have long been regarded as progenitors of oligodendrocytes, yet recent advances have illuminated their multifaceted nature including their emerging immune functions. This review seeks to shed light on the immune functions exhibited by OPCs, spanning from phagocytosis to immune modulation and direct engagement with immune cells across various pathological scenarios. Comprehensive understanding of the immune functions of OPCs alongside their other roles will pave the way for targeted therapies in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Haroon
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Harsha Seerapu
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Li-Pao Fang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
- Center for Gender-specific Biology and Medicine (CGBM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Heinrich Weß
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Xianshu Bai
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
- Center for Gender-specific Biology and Medicine (CGBM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
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6
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Vélez-Uriza F, Ordaz RP, Garay E, Cisneros-Mejorado AJ, Arellano RO. N-butyl-β-carboline-3-carboxylate (β-CCB) systemic administration promotes remyelination in the cuprizone demyelinating model in mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13988. [PMID: 38886527 PMCID: PMC11183054 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64501-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Demyelination is generated in several nervous system illnesses. Developing strategies for effective clinical treatments requires the discovery of promyelinating drugs. Increased GABAergic signaling through γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAAR) activation in oligodendrocytes has been proposed as a promyelinating condition. GABAAR expressed in oligodendroglia is strongly potentiated by n-butyl-β-carboline-3-carboxylate (β-CCB) compared to that in neurons. Here, mice were subjected to 0.3% cuprizone (CPZ) added in the food to induce central nervous system demyelination, a well-known model for multiple sclerosis. Then β-CCB (1 mg/Kg) was systemically administered to analyze the remyelination status in white and gray matter areas. Myelin content was evaluated using Black-Gold II (BGII) staining, immunofluorescence (IF), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Evidence indicates that β-CCB treatment of CPZ-demyelinated animals promoted remyelination in several white matter structures, such as the fimbria, corpus callosum, internal capsule, and cerebellar peduncles. Moreover, using IF, it was observed that CPZ intake induced an increase in NG2+ and a decrease in CC1+ cell populations, alterations that were importantly retrieved by β-CCB treatment. Thus, the promyelinating character of β-CCB was confirmed in a generalized demyelination model, strengthening the idea that it has clinical potential as a therapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidel Vélez-Uriza
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla Querétaro, C.P. 76230, México
| | - Rainald Pablo Ordaz
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla Querétaro, C.P. 76230, México
| | - Edith Garay
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla Querétaro, C.P. 76230, México
| | - Abraham J Cisneros-Mejorado
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla Querétaro, C.P. 76230, México.
| | - Rogelio O Arellano
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla Querétaro, C.P. 76230, México.
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7
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Marangon D, Castro e Silva JH, Cerrato V, Boda E, Lecca D. Oligodendrocyte Progenitors in Glial Scar: A Bet on Remyelination. Cells 2024; 13:1024. [PMID: 38920654 PMCID: PMC11202012 DOI: 10.3390/cells13121024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) represent a subtype of glia, giving rise to oligodendrocytes, the myelin-forming cells in the central nervous system (CNS). While OPCs are highly proliferative during development, they become relatively quiescent during adulthood, when their fate is strictly influenced by the extracellular context. In traumatic injuries and chronic neurodegenerative conditions, including those of autoimmune origin, oligodendrocytes undergo apoptosis, and demyelination starts. Adult OPCs become immediately activated; they migrate at the lesion site and proliferate to replenish the damaged area, but their efficiency is hampered by the presence of a glial scar-a barrier mainly formed by reactive astrocytes, microglia and the deposition of inhibitory extracellular matrix components. If, on the one hand, a glial scar limits the lesion spreading, it also blocks tissue regeneration. Therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing astrocyte or microglia activation and shifting them toward a neuroprotective phenotype have been proposed, whereas the role of OPCs has been largely overlooked. In this review, we have considered the glial scar from the perspective of OPCs, analysing their behaviour when lesions originate and exploring the potential therapies aimed at sustaining OPCs to efficiently differentiate and promote remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Marangon
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology of Purinergic Transmission, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (J.H.C.e.S.)
| | - Juliana Helena Castro e Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology of Purinergic Transmission, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (J.H.C.e.S.)
| | - Valentina Cerrato
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (V.C.); (E.B.)
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Enrica Boda
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (V.C.); (E.B.)
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Davide Lecca
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology of Purinergic Transmission, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (J.H.C.e.S.)
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8
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Dennis DJ, Wang BS, Karamboulas K, Kaplan DR, Miller FD. Single-cell approaches define two groups of mammalian oligodendrocyte precursor cells and their evolution over developmental time. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:654-672. [PMID: 38579710 PMCID: PMC11103788 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), single-cell ATAC sequencing (scATAC-seq), and single-cell spatial transcriptomics to characterize murine cortical OPCs throughout postnatal life. During development, we identified two groups of differentially localized PDGFRα+ OPCs that are transcriptionally and epigenetically distinct. One group (active, or actOPCs) is metabolically active and enriched in white matter. The second (homeostatic, or hOPCs) is less active, enriched in gray matter, and predicted to derive from actOPCs. In adulthood, these two groups are transcriptionally but not epigenetically distinct, and relative to developing OPCs are less active metabolically and have less open chromatin. When adult oligodendrogenesis is enhanced during experimentally induced remyelination, adult OPCs do not reacquire a developmental open chromatin state, and the oligodendrogenesis trajectory is distinct from that seen neonatally. These data suggest that there are two OPC groups subserving distinct postnatal functions and that neonatal and adult OPC-mediated oligodendrogenesis are fundamentally different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Dennis
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Beatrix S Wang
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Konstantina Karamboulas
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - David R Kaplan
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Freda D Miller
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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9
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Thornton MA, Futia GL, Stockton ME, Budoff SA, Ramirez AN, Ozbay B, Tzang O, Kilborn K, Poleg-Polsky A, Restrepo D, Gibson EA, Hughes EG. Long-term in vivo three-photon imaging reveals region-specific differences in healthy and regenerative oligodendrogenesis. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:846-861. [PMID: 38539013 PMCID: PMC11104262 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01613-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The generation of new myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in the adult central nervous system is critical for cognitive function and regeneration following injury. Oligodendrogenesis varies between gray and white matter regions, suggesting that local cues drive regional differences in myelination and the capacity for regeneration. However, the layer- and region-specific regulation of oligodendrocyte populations is unclear due to the inability to monitor deep brain structures in vivo. Here we harnessed the superior imaging depth of three-photon microscopy to permit long-term, longitudinal in vivo three-photon imaging of the entire cortical column and subcortical white matter in adult mice. We find that cortical oligodendrocyte populations expand at a higher rate in the adult brain than those of the white matter. Following demyelination, oligodendrocyte replacement is enhanced in the white matter, while the deep cortical layers show deficits in regenerative oligodendrogenesis and the restoration of transcriptional heterogeneity. Together, our findings demonstrate that regional microenvironments regulate oligodendrocyte population dynamics and heterogeneity in the healthy and diseased brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Thornton
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Gregory L Futia
- Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael E Stockton
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Samuel A Budoff
- Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alexandra N Ramirez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Baris Ozbay
- Intelligent Imaging Innovations, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Omer Tzang
- Intelligent Imaging Innovations, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Karl Kilborn
- Intelligent Imaging Innovations, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Alon Poleg-Polsky
- Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Diego Restrepo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Emily A Gibson
- Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ethan G Hughes
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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10
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Hill RA, Nishiyama A, Hughes EG. Features, Fates, and Functions of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2024; 16:a041425. [PMID: 38052500 PMCID: PMC10910408 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are a central nervous system resident population of glia with a distinct molecular identity and an ever-increasing list of functions. OPCs generate oligodendrocytes throughout development and across the life span in most regions of the brain and spinal cord. This process involves a complex coordination of molecular checkpoints and biophysical cues from the environment that initiate the differentiation and integration of new oligodendrocytes that synthesize myelin sheaths on axons. Outside of their progenitor role, OPCs have been proposed to play other functions including the modulation of axonal and synaptic development and the participation in bidirectional signaling with neurons and other glia. Here, we review OPC identity and known functions and discuss recent findings implying other roles for these glial cells in brain physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
| | - Akiko Nishiyama
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Ethan G Hughes
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA
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11
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Riboni-Verri G, Chen BS, McMurran CE, Halliwell GJ, Brown JWL, Coles AJ, Cunniffe NG. Visual outcome measures in clinical trials of remyelinating drugs. BMJ Neurol Open 2024; 6:e000560. [PMID: 38389586 PMCID: PMC10882304 DOI: 10.1136/bmjno-2023-000560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the most promising approaches to delay, prevent or reverse disability progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) is to enhance endogenous remyelination and limit axonal degeneration. In clinical trials of remyelinating drugs, there is a need for reliable, sensitive and clinically relevant outcome measures. The visual pathway, which is frequently affected by MS, provides a unique model system to evaluate remyelination of acute and chronic MS lesions in vivo and non-invasively. In this review, we discuss the different measures that have been used and scrutinise visual outcome measure selection in current and future remyelination trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioia Riboni-Verri
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Clinical Vision Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Benson S Chen
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Clinical Vision Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christopher E McMurran
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Clinical Vision Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gregory J Halliwell
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - J William L Brown
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Clinical Outcomes Research Unit (CORe), University of Melbourne, Melborune, Melborune, Australia
| | - Alasdair J Coles
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Clinical Vision Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nick G Cunniffe
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Clinical Vision Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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12
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Kamen Y, Evans KA, Sitnikov S, Spitzer SO, de Faria O, Yucel M, Káradóttir RT. Clemastine and metformin extend the window of NMDA receptor surface expression in ageing oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4091. [PMID: 38374232 PMCID: PMC10876931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53615-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In the central nervous system, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) proliferate and differentiate into myelinating oligodendrocytes throughout life, allowing for ongoing myelination and myelin repair. With age, differentiation efficacy decreases and myelin repair fails; therefore, recent therapeutic efforts have focused on enhancing differentiation. Many cues are thought to regulate OPC differentiation, including neuronal activity, which OPCs can sense and respond to via their voltage-gated ion channels and glutamate receptors. However, OPCs' density of voltage-gated ion channels and glutamate receptors differs with age and brain region, and correlates with their proliferation and differentiation potential, suggesting that OPCs exist in different functional cell states, and that age-associated states might underlie remyelination failure. Here, we use whole-cell patch-clamp to investigate whether clemastine and metformin, two pro-remyelination compounds, alter OPC membrane properties and promote a specific OPC state. We find that clemastine and metformin extend the window of NMDAR surface expression, promoting an NMDAR-rich OPC state. Our findings highlight a possible mechanism for the pro-remyelinating action of clemastine and metformin, and suggest that OPC states can be modulated as a strategy to promote myelin repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Kamen
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 A0W, UK.
| | - Kimberley Anne Evans
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 A0W, UK
| | - Sergey Sitnikov
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 A0W, UK
| | - Sonia Olivia Spitzer
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 A0W, UK
| | - Omar de Faria
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 A0W, UK
| | - Mert Yucel
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 A0W, UK
| | - Ragnhildur Thóra Káradóttir
- Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 A0W, UK.
- Department of Physiology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
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13
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Deng X, Hu Z, Zhou S, Wu Y, Fu M, Zhou C, Sun J, Gao X, Huang Y. Perspective from single-cell sequencing: Is inflammation in acute ischemic stroke beneficial or detrimental? CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14510. [PMID: 37905592 PMCID: PMC10805403 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a common cerebrovascular event associated with high incidence, disability, and poor prognosis. Studies have shown that various cell types, including microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neurons, and neutrophils, play complex roles in the early stages of AIS and significantly affect its prognosis. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of action of these cells will be beneficial for improving stroke prognosis. With the rapid development of single-cell sequencing technology, researchers have explored the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying AIS at the single-cell level. METHOD We systematically summarize the latest research on single-cell sequencing in AIS. RESULT In this review, we summarize the phenotypes and functions of microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neurons, neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes, as well as their respective subtypes, at different time points following AIS. In particular, we focused on the crosstalk between microglia and astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and neurons. Our findings reveal diverse and sometimes opposing roles within the same cell type, with the possibility of interconversion between different subclusters. CONCLUSION This review offers a pioneering exploration of the functions of various glial cells and cell subclusters after AIS, shedding light on their regulatory mechanisms that facilitate the transformation of detrimental cell subclusters towards those that are beneficial for improving the prognosis of AIS. This approach has the potential to advance the discovery of new specific targets and the development of drugs, thus representing a significant breakthrough in addressing the challenges in AIS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpeng Deng
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceNingboChina
| | - Ziliang Hu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceNingboChina
| | - Shengjun Zhou
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Yiwen Wu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Menglin Fu
- School of Economics and ManagementChina University of GeosciencesWuhanChina
| | - Chenhui Zhou
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceNingboChina
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14
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Taylor KR, Monje M. Neuron-oligodendroglial interactions in health and malignant disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:733-746. [PMID: 37857838 PMCID: PMC10859969 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00744-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Experience sculpts brain structure and function. Activity-dependent modulation of the myelinated infrastructure of the nervous system has emerged as a dimension of adaptive change during childhood development and in adulthood. Myelination is a richly dynamic process, with neuronal activity regulating oligodendrocyte precursor cell proliferation, oligodendrogenesis and myelin structural changes in some axonal subtypes and in some regions of the nervous system. This myelin plasticity and consequent changes to conduction velocity and circuit dynamics can powerfully influence neurological functions, including learning and memory. Conversely, disruption of the mechanisms mediating adaptive myelination can contribute to cognitive impairment. The robust effects of neuronal activity on normal oligodendroglial precursor cells, a putative cellular origin for many forms of glioma, indicates that dysregulated or 'hijacked' mechanisms of myelin plasticity could similarly promote growth in this devastating group of brain cancers. Indeed, neuronal activity promotes the pathogenesis of many forms of glioma in preclinical models through activity-regulated paracrine factors and direct neuron-to-glioma synapses. This synaptic integration of glioma into neural circuits is central to tumour growth and invasion. Thus, not only do neuron-oligodendroglial interactions modulate neural circuit structure and function in the healthy brain, but neuron-glioma interactions also have important roles in the pathogenesis of glial malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn R Taylor
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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15
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Gakare SG, Bhatt JM, Narasimhan KKS, Dravid SM. Glutamate delta-1 receptor regulates oligodendrocyte progenitor cell differentiation and myelination in normal and demyelinating conditions. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294583. [PMID: 37983226 PMCID: PMC10659214 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the role of glutamate delta 1 receptor (GluD1) in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC)-mediated myelination during basal (development) and pathophysiological (cuprizone-induced demyelination) conditions. Initially, we sought to determine the expression pattern of GluD1 in OPCs and found a significant colocalization of GluD1 puncta with neuron-glial antigen 2 (NG2, OPC marker) in the motor cortex and dorsal striatum. Importantly, we found that the ablation of GluD1 led to an increase in the number of myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG+) cells in the corpus callosum and motor cortex at P40 without affecting the number of NG2+ OPCs, suggesting that GluD1 loss selectively facilitates OPC differentiation rather than proliferation. Further, deletion of GluD1 enhanced myelination in the corpus callosum and motor cortex, as indicated by increased myelin basic protein (MBP) staining at P40, suggesting that GluD1 may play an essential role in the developmental regulation of myelination during the critical window period. In contrast, in cuprizone-induced demyelination, we observed reduced MBP staining in the corpus callosum of GluD1 KO mice. Furthermore, cuprizone-fed GluD1 KO mice showed more robust motor deficits. Collectively, our results demonstrate that GluD1 plays a critical role in OPC regulation and myelination in normal and demyelinating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya G. Gakare
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Jay M. Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Kishore Kumar S. Narasimhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Shashank M. Dravid
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States of America
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16
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Rojo D, Dal Cengio L, Badner A, Kim S, Sakai N, Greene J, Dierckx T, Mehl LC, Eisinger E, Ransom J, Arellano-Garcia C, Gumma ME, Soyk RL, Lewis CM, Lam M, Weigel MK, Damonte VM, Yalçın B, Jones SE, Ollila HM, Nishino S, Gibson EM. BMAL1 loss in oligodendroglia contributes to abnormal myelination and sleep. Neuron 2023; 111:3604-3618.e11. [PMID: 37657440 PMCID: PMC10873033 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Myelination depends on the maintenance of oligodendrocytes that arise from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). We show that OPC-specific proliferation, morphology, and BMAL1 are time-of-day dependent. Knockout of Bmal1 in mouse OPCs during development disrupts the expression of genes associated with circadian rhythms, proliferation, density, morphology, and migration, leading to changes in OPC dynamics in a spatiotemporal manner. Furthermore, these deficits translate into thinner myelin, dysregulated cognitive and motor functions, and sleep fragmentation. OPC-specific Bmal1 loss in adulthood does not alter OPC density at baseline but impairs the remyelination of a demyelinated lesion driven by changes in OPC morphology and migration. Lastly, we show that sleep fragmentation is associated with increased prevalence of the demyelinating disorder multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting a link between MS and sleep that requires further investigation. These findings have broad mechanistic and therapeutic implications for brain disorders that include both myelin and sleep phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rojo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Louisa Dal Cengio
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anna Badner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Samuel Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Noriaki Sakai
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jacob Greene
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tess Dierckx
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lindsey C Mehl
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ella Eisinger
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Julia Ransom
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Caroline Arellano-Garcia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Biology Graduate Program, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mohammad E Gumma
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rebecca L Soyk
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Cheyanne M Lewis
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mable Lam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Maya K Weigel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Valentina Martinez Damonte
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Belgin Yalçın
- Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Samuel E Jones
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Hanna M Ollila
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Seiji Nishino
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Erin M Gibson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
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17
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Thornton MA, Futia GL, Stockton ME, Budoff SA, Ramirez AN, Ozbay B, Tzang O, Kilborn K, Poleg-Polsky A, Restrepo D, Gibson EA, Hughes EG. Long-term in vivo three-photon imaging reveals region-specific differences in healthy and regenerative oligodendrogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.29.564636. [PMID: 37961298 PMCID: PMC10634963 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.29.564636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The generation of new myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in the adult CNS is critical for cognitive function and regeneration following injury. Oligodendrogenesis varies between gray and white matter regions suggesting that local cues drive regional differences in myelination and the capacity for regeneration. Yet, the determination of regional variability in oligodendrocyte cell behavior is limited by the inability to monitor the dynamics of oligodendrocytes and their transcriptional subpopulations in white matter of the living brain. Here, we harnessed the superior imaging depth of three-photon microscopy to permit long-term, longitudinal in vivo three-photon imaging of an entire cortical column and underlying subcortical white matter without cellular damage or reactivity. Using this approach, we found that the white matter generated substantially more new oligodendrocytes per volume compared to the gray matter, yet the rate of population growth was proportionally higher in the gray matter. Following demyelination, the white matter had an enhanced population growth that resulted in higher oligodendrocyte replacement compared to the gray matter. Finally, deep cortical layers had pronounced deficits in regenerative oligodendrogenesis and restoration of the MOL5/6-positive oligodendrocyte subpopulation following demyelinating injury. Together, our findings demonstrate that regional microenvironments regulate oligodendrocyte population dynamics and heterogeneity in the healthy and diseased brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Thornton
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | | | - Michael E. Stockton
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Samuel A. Budoff
- Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Alexandra N Ramirez
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Baris Ozbay
- Intelligent Imaging Innovations (3i), Denver, CO, USA
| | - Omer Tzang
- Intelligent Imaging Innovations (3i), Denver, CO, USA
| | - Karl Kilborn
- Intelligent Imaging Innovations (3i), Denver, CO, USA
| | - Alon Poleg-Polsky
- Physiology and Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Diego Restrepo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Emily A. Gibson
- Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Ethan G. Hughes
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
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18
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Xiao Y, Czopka T. Myelination-independent functions of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in health and disease. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1663-1669. [PMID: 37653126 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01423-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are a population of tissue-resident glial cells found throughout the CNS, constituting approximately 5% of all CNS cells and persisting from development to adulthood and aging. The canonical role of OPCs is to give rise to myelinating oligodendrocytes. However, additional functions of OPCs beyond this traditional role as precursors have been suggested for a long time. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of the multiple myelination-independent functions that have been described for OPCs in the context of neuron development, angiogenesis, inflammatory response, axon regeneration and their recently discovered roles in neural circuit remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiao
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tim Czopka
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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19
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Shumilov K, Xiao S, Ni A, Celorrio M, Friess SH. Recombinant Erythropoietin Induces Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cell Proliferation After Traumatic Brain Injury and Delayed Hypoxemia. Neurotherapeutics 2023; 20:1859-1874. [PMID: 37768487 PMCID: PMC10684442 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-023-01443-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can result in axonal loss and demyelination, leading to persistent damage in the white matter. Demyelinated axons are vulnerable to pathologies related to an abnormal myelin structure that expose neurons to further damage. Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) mediate remyelination after recruitment to the injury site. Often this process is inefficient due to inadequate OPC proliferation. To date, no effective treatments are currently available to stimulate OPC proliferation in TBI. Recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) is a pleiotropic neuroprotective cytokine, and its receptor is present in all stages of oligodendroglial lineage cell differentiation. Therefore, we hypothesized that rhEPO administration would enhance remyelination after TBI through the modulation of OPC response. Utilizing a murine model of controlled cortical impact and a primary OPC culture in vitro model, we characterized the impact of rhEPO on remyelination and proliferation of oligodendrocyte lineage cells. Myelin black gold II staining of the peri-contusional corpus callosum revealed an increase in myelinated area in association with an increase in BrdU-positive oligodendrocytes in injured mice treated with rhEPO. Furthermore, morphological analysis of OPCs showed a decrease in process length in rhEPO-treated animals. RhEPO treatment increased OPC proliferation after in vitro CSPG exposure. Erythropoietin receptor (EPOr) gene knockdown using siRNA prevented rhEPO-induced OPC proliferation, demonstrating that the rhEPO effect on OPC response is EPOr activation dependent. Together, our findings demonstrate that rhEPO administration may promote myelination by increasing oligodendrocyte lineage cell proliferation after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Shumilov
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Campus Box 8208, One Children's Place, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Sophia Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Campus Box 8208, One Children's Place, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Allen Ni
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Campus Box 8208, One Children's Place, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Marta Celorrio
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Campus Box 8208, One Children's Place, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Stuart H Friess
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, Campus Box 8208, One Children's Place, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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20
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Wu C, Duan R, Yang L. Astrocyte-mediated Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells Detachment from Vessels. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:379-381. [PMID: 37540481 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chongyun Wu
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rui Duan
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Luodan Yang
- Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology, School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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21
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Fang LP, Bai X. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells: the multitaskers in the brain. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:1035-1044. [PMID: 37401986 PMCID: PMC10409806 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
In the central nervous system, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are recognized as the progenitors responsible for the generation of oligodendrocytes, which play a critical role in myelination. Extensive research has shed light on the mechanisms underlying OPC proliferation and differentiation into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes. However, recent advances in the field have revealed that OPCs have multiple functions beyond their role as progenitors, exerting control over neural circuits and brain function through distinct pathways. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of OPCs by first introducing their well-established features. Subsequently, we delve into the emerging roles of OPCs in modulating brain function in both healthy and diseased states. Unraveling the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which OPCs influence brain function holds great promise for identifying novel therapeutic targets for central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Pao Fang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Xianshu Bai
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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22
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Mihailova V, Stoyanova II, Tonchev AB. Glial Populations in the Human Brain Following Ischemic Injury. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2332. [PMID: 37760773 PMCID: PMC10525766 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in glial cells in the central nervous system due to their important role in maintaining brain homeostasis under physiological conditions and after injury. A significant amount of evidence has been accumulated regarding their capacity to exert either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects under different pathological conditions. In combination with their proliferative potential, they contribute not only to the limitation of brain damage and tissue remodeling but also to neuronal repair and synaptic recovery. Moreover, reactive glial cells can modulate the processes of neurogenesis, neuronal differentiation, and migration of neurons in the existing neural circuits in the adult brain. By discovering precise signals within specific niches, the regulation of sequential processes in adult neurogenesis holds the potential to unlock strategies that can stimulate the generation of functional neurons, whether in response to injury or as a means of addressing degenerative neurological conditions. Cerebral ischemic stroke, a condition falling within the realm of acute vascular disorders affecting the circulation in the brain, stands as a prominent global cause of disability and mortality. Extensive investigations into glial plasticity and their intricate interactions with other cells in the central nervous system have predominantly relied on studies conducted on experimental animals, including rodents and primates. However, valuable insights have also been gleaned from in vivo studies involving poststroke patients, utilizing highly specialized imaging techniques. Following the attempts to map brain cells, the role of various transcription factors in modulating gene expression in response to cerebral ischemia is gaining increasing popularity. Although the results obtained thus far remain incomplete and occasionally ambiguous, they serve as a solid foundation for the development of strategies aimed at influencing the recovery process after ischemic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Mihailova
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria; (I.I.S.); (A.B.T.)
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23
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Mezydlo A, Treiber N, Ullrich Gavilanes EM, Eichenseer K, Ancău M, Wens A, Ares Carral C, Schifferer M, Snaidero N, Misgeld T, Kerschensteiner M. Remyelination by surviving oligodendrocytes is inefficient in the inflamed mammalian cortex. Neuron 2023; 111:1748-1759.e8. [PMID: 37071991 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
In multiple sclerosis, an inflammatory attack results in myelin loss, which can be partially reversed by remyelination. Recent studies suggest that mature oligodendrocytes could contribute to remyelination by generating new myelin. Here, we show that in a mouse model of cortical multiple sclerosis pathology, surviving oligodendrocytes can indeed extend new proximal processes but rarely generate new myelin internodes. Furthermore, drugs that boost myelin recovery by targeting oligodendrocyte precursor cells did not enhance this alternate mode of myelin regeneration. These data indicate that the contribution of surviving oligodendrocytes to myelin recovery in the inflamed mammalian CNS is minor and inhibited by distinct remyelination brakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Mezydlo
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Martinsried, Germany; Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nils Treiber
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Emily Melisa Ullrich Gavilanes
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Katharina Eichenseer
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mihai Ancău
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Neurology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Adinda Wens
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Carla Ares Carral
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Martina Schifferer
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Nicolas Snaidero
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Misgeld
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
| | - Martin Kerschensteiner
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany; Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Martinsried, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
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24
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Gómez-Pinedo U, Matías-Guiu JA, Ojeda-Hernandez D, de la Fuente-Martin S, Kamal OMF, Benito-Martin MS, Selma-Calvo B, Montero-Escribano P, Matías-Guiu J. In Vitro Effects of Methylprednisolone over Oligodendroglial Cells: Foresight to Future Cell Therapies. Cells 2023; 12:1515. [PMID: 37296635 PMCID: PMC10252523 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The implantation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells may be a useful therapeutic strategy for targeting remyelination. However, it is yet to be established how these cells behave after implantation and whether they retain the capacity to proliferate or differentiate into myelin-forming oligodendrocytes. One essential issue is the creation of administration protocols and determining which factors need to be well established. There is controversy around whether these cells may be implanted simultaneously with corticosteroid treatment, which is widely used in many clinical situations. This study assesses the influence of corticosteroids on the capacity for proliferation and differentiation and the survival of human oligodendroglioma cells. Our findings show that corticosteroids reduce the capacity of these cells to proliferate and to differentiate into oligodendrocytes and decrease cell survival. Thus, their effect does not favour remyelination; this is consistent with the results of studies with rodent cells. In conclusion, protocols for the administration of oligodendrocyte lineage cells with the aim of repopulating oligodendroglial niches or repairing demyelinated axons should not include corticosteroids, given the evidence that the effects of these drugs may undermine the objectives of cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulises Gómez-Pinedo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.O.-H.); (S.d.l.F.-M.); (O.M.-F.K.); (M.S.B.-M.); (B.S.-C.); (J.M.-G.)
| | - Jordi A. Matías-Guiu
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.M.-G.); (P.M.-E.)
| | - Denise Ojeda-Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.O.-H.); (S.d.l.F.-M.); (O.M.-F.K.); (M.S.B.-M.); (B.S.-C.); (J.M.-G.)
| | - Sarah de la Fuente-Martin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.O.-H.); (S.d.l.F.-M.); (O.M.-F.K.); (M.S.B.-M.); (B.S.-C.); (J.M.-G.)
| | - Ola Mohamed-Fathy Kamal
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.O.-H.); (S.d.l.F.-M.); (O.M.-F.K.); (M.S.B.-M.); (B.S.-C.); (J.M.-G.)
| | - Maria Soledad Benito-Martin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.O.-H.); (S.d.l.F.-M.); (O.M.-F.K.); (M.S.B.-M.); (B.S.-C.); (J.M.-G.)
| | - Belen Selma-Calvo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.O.-H.); (S.d.l.F.-M.); (O.M.-F.K.); (M.S.B.-M.); (B.S.-C.); (J.M.-G.)
| | - Paloma Montero-Escribano
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.M.-G.); (P.M.-E.)
| | - Jorge Matías-Guiu
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.O.-H.); (S.d.l.F.-M.); (O.M.-F.K.); (M.S.B.-M.); (B.S.-C.); (J.M.-G.)
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences, IdISSC, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.M.-G.); (P.M.-E.)
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25
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Seeker LA, Bestard-Cuche N, Jäkel S, Kazakou NL, Bøstrand SMK, Wagstaff LJ, Cholewa-Waclaw J, Kilpatrick AM, Van Bruggen D, Kabbe M, Baldivia Pohl F, Moslehi Z, Henderson NC, Vallejos CA, La Manno G, Castelo-Branco G, Williams A. Brain matters: unveiling the distinct contributions of region, age, and sex to glia diversity and CNS function. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:84. [PMID: 37217978 PMCID: PMC10204264 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01568-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The myelinated white matter tracts of the central nervous system (CNS) are essential for fast transmission of electrical impulses and are often differentially affected in human neurodegenerative diseases across CNS region, age and sex. We hypothesize that this selective vulnerability is underpinned by physiological variation in white matter glia. Using single nucleus RNA sequencing of human post-mortem white matter samples from the brain, cerebellum and spinal cord and subsequent tissue-based validation we found substantial glial heterogeneity with tissue region: we identified region-specific oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) that retain developmental origin markers into adulthood, distinguishing them from mouse OPCs. Region-specific OPCs give rise to similar oligodendrocyte populations, however spinal cord oligodendrocytes exhibit markers such as SKAP2 which are associated with increased myelin production and we found a spinal cord selective population particularly equipped for producing long and thick myelin sheaths based on the expression of genes/proteins such as HCN2. Spinal cord microglia exhibit a more activated phenotype compared to brain microglia, suggesting that the spinal cord is a more pro-inflammatory environment, a difference that intensifies with age. Astrocyte gene expression correlates strongly with CNS region, however, astrocytes do not show a more activated state with region or age. Across all glia, sex differences are subtle but the consistent increased expression of protein-folding genes in male donors hints at pathways that may contribute to sex differences in disease susceptibility. These findings are essential to consider for understanding selective CNS pathologies and developing tailored therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise A Seeker
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Nadine Bestard-Cuche
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Sarah Jäkel
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum Der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Nina-Lydia Kazakou
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Sunniva M K Bøstrand
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Laura J Wagstaff
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Justyna Cholewa-Waclaw
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Alastair M Kilpatrick
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - David Van Bruggen
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mukund Kabbe
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fabio Baldivia Pohl
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zahra Moslehi
- Laboratory of Neurodevelopmental Systems Biology, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Neil C Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Catalina A Vallejos
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, 96 Euston Road, London, NW1 2DB, UK
| | - Gioele La Manno
- Laboratory of Neurodevelopmental Systems Biology, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Goncalo Castelo-Branco
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Node, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Williams
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh Bioquarter, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK.
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26
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Bai X, Zhao N, Koupourtidou C, Fang LP, Schwarz V, Caudal LC, Zhao R, Hirrlinger J, Walz W, Bian S, Huang W, Ninkovic J, Kirchhoff F, Scheller A. In the mouse cortex, oligodendrocytes regain a plastic capacity, transforming into astrocytes after acute injury. Dev Cell 2023:S1534-5807(23)00192-2. [PMID: 37220747 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Acute brain injuries evoke various response cascades directing the formation of the glial scar. Here, we report that acute lesions associated with hemorrhagic injuries trigger a re-programming of oligodendrocytes. Single-cell RNA sequencing highlighted a subpopulation of oligodendrocytes activating astroglial genes after acute brain injuries. By using PLP-DsRed1/GFAP-EGFP and PLP-EGFPmem/GFAP-mRFP1 transgenic mice, we visualized this population of oligodendrocytes that we termed AO cells based on their concomitant activity of astro- and oligodendroglial genes. By fate mapping using PLP- and GFAP-split Cre complementation and repeated chronic in vivo imaging with two-photon laser-scanning microscopy, we observed the conversion of oligodendrocytes into astrocytes via the AO cell stage. Such conversion was promoted by local injection of IL-6 and was diminished by IL-6 receptor-neutralizing antibody as well as by inhibiting microglial activation with minocycline. In summary, our findings highlight the plastic potential of oligodendrocytes in acute brain trauma due to microglia-derived IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianshu Bai
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Na Zhao
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Christina Koupourtidou
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 85764 Neuherberg-Munich, Germany
| | - Li-Pao Fang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Veronika Schwarz
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 85764 Neuherberg-Munich, Germany
| | - Laura C Caudal
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Renping Zhao
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Hirrlinger
- Carl-Ludwig-Institute for Physiology, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Department of Neurogenetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Walz
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Shan Bian
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China; Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Jovica Ninkovic
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, 85764 Neuherberg-Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; Experimental Research Center for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Anja Scheller
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
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27
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Masson MA, Nait-Oumesmar B. Emerging concepts in oligodendrocyte and myelin formation, inputs from the zebrafish model. Glia 2023; 71:1147-1163. [PMID: 36645033 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS), which are derived from OL precursor cells. Myelin insulates axons allowing the saltatory conduction of action potentials and also provides trophic and metabolic supports to axons. Interestingly, oligodendroglial cells have the capacity to sense neuronal activity, which regulates myelin sheath formation via the vesicular release of neurotransmitters. Neuronal activity-dependent regulation of myelination is mediated by specialized interaction between axons and oligodendroglia, involving both synaptic and extra-synaptic modes of communications. The zebrafish has provided key advantages for the study of the myelination process in the CNS. External development and transparent larval stages of this vertebrate specie combined with the existence of several transgenic reporter lines provided key advances in oligodendroglial cell biology, axo-glial interactions and CNS myelination. In this publication, we reviewed and discussed the most recent knowledge on OL development and myelin formation, with a focus on mechanisms regulating these fundamental biological processes in the zebrafish. Especially, we highlighted the critical function of axons and oligodendroglia modes of communications and calcium signaling in myelin sheath formation and growth. Finally, we reviewed the relevance of these knowledge's in demyelinating diseases and drug discovery of pharmacological compounds favoring myelin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Amélie Masson
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Brahim Nait-Oumesmar
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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28
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Dean T, Ghaemmaghami J, Corso J, Gallo V. The cortical NG2-glia response to traumatic brain injury. Glia 2023; 71:1164-1175. [PMID: 36692058 PMCID: PMC10404390 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant worldwide cause of morbidity and mortality. A chronic neurologic disease bearing the moniker of "the silent epidemic," TBI currently has no targeted therapies to ameliorate cellular loss or enhance functional recovery. Compared with those of astrocytes, microglia, and peripheral immune cells, the functions and mechanisms of NG2-glia following TBI are far less understood, despite NG2-glia comprising the largest population of regenerative cells in the mature cortex. Here, we synthesize the results from multiple rodent models of TBI, with a focus on cortical NG2-glia proliferation and lineage potential, and propose future avenues for glia researchers to address this unique cell type in TBI. As the molecular mechanisms that regulate NG2-glia regenerative potential are uncovered, we posit that future therapeutic strategies may exploit cortical NG2-glia to augment local cellular recovery following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Dean
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Javid Ghaemmaghami
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - John Corso
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Vittorio Gallo
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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29
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Chapman TW, Olveda GE, Bame X, Pereira E, Hill RA. Oligodendrocyte death initiates synchronous remyelination to restore cortical myelin patterns in mice. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:555-569. [PMID: 36928635 PMCID: PMC10208560 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01271-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Myelin degeneration occurs in neurodegenerative diseases and aging. In these conditions, resident oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) differentiate into oligodendrocytes that carry out myelin repair. To investigate the cellular dynamics underlying these events, we developed a noninflammatory demyelination model that combines intravital two-photon imaging with a single-cell ablation technique called two-photon apoptotic targeted ablation (2Phatal). Oligodendrocyte 2Phatal in both sexes results in a myelin degeneration cascade that triggers rapid forms of synchronous remyelination on defined axons. This remyelination is driven by oligodendrocytes differentiated from a subset of morphologically distinct, highly branched OPCs. Moreover, remyelination efficiency depends on the initial myelin patterns, as well as the age of the organism. In summary, using 2Phatal, we show a form of rapid synchronous remyelination, mediated by a distinct subset of OPCs, capable of restoring the original myelin patterning in adulthood but not aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy W Chapman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Genaro E Olveda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Xhoela Bame
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Elizabeth Pereira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Robert A Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
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30
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Gil M, Gama V. Emerging mitochondrial-mediated mechanisms involved in oligodendrocyte development. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:354-366. [PMID: 36461887 PMCID: PMC9851982 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes are the myelinating glia of the central nervous system and are generated after oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) transition into pre-oligodendrocytes and then into myelinating oligodendrocytes. Myelin is essential for proper signal transmission within the nervous system and axonal metabolic support. Although the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that support the differentiation, survival, integration, and subsequent myelination of appropriate axons have been well investigated, little is known about how mitochondria-related pathways such as mitochondrial dynamics, bioenergetics, and apoptosis finely tune these developmental events. Previous findings suggest that changes to mitochondrial morphology act as an upstream regulatory mechanism of neural stem cell (NSC) fate decisions. Whether a similar mechanism is engaged during OPC differentiation has yet to be elucidated. Maintenance of mitochondrial dynamics is vital for regulating cellular bioenergetics, functional mitochondrial networks, and the ability of cells to distribute mitochondria to subcellular locations, such as the growing processes of oligodendrocytes. Myelination is an energy-consuming event, thus, understanding the interplay between mitochondrial dynamics, metabolism, and apoptosis will provide further insight into mechanisms that mediate oligodendrocyte development in healthy and disease states. Here we will provide a concise overview of oligodendrocyte development and discuss the potential contribution of mitochondrial mitochondrial-mediated mechanisms to oligodendrocyte bioenergetics and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gil
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - V Gama
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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31
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Osorio MJ, Mariani JN, Zou L, Schanz SJ, Heffernan K, Cornwell A, Goldman SA. Glial progenitor cells of the adult human white and grey matter are contextually distinct. Glia 2023; 71:524-540. [PMID: 36334067 PMCID: PMC10100527 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Genomic analyses have revealed heterogeneity among glial progenitor cells (GPCs), but the compartment selectivity of human GPCs (hGPCs) is unclear. Here, we asked if GPCs of human grey and white brain matter are distinct in their architecture and associated gene expression. RNA profiling of NG2-defined hGPCs derived from adult human neocortex and white matter differed in their expression of genes involved in Wnt, NOTCH, BMP and TGFβ signaling, suggesting compartment-selective biases in fate and self-renewal. White matter hGPCs over-expressed the BMP antagonists BAMBI and CHRDL1, suggesting their tonic suppression of astrocytic fate relative to cortical hGPCs, whose relative enrichment of cytoskeletal genes presaged their greater morphological complexity. In human glial chimeric mice, cortical hGPCs assumed larger and more complex morphologies than white matter hGPCs, and both were more complex than their mouse counterparts. These findings suggest that human grey and white matter GPCs comprise context-specific pools with distinct functional biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Joana Osorio
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John N Mariani
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Lisa Zou
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Steven J Schanz
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Kate Heffernan
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Adam Cornwell
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Steven A Goldman
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.,Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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32
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Miralles AJ, Unger N, Kannaiyan N, Rossner MJ, Dimou L. Analysis of the GPR17 receptor in NG2-glia under physiological conditions unravels a new subset of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells with distinct functions. Glia 2023; 71:1536-1552. [PMID: 36815579 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
NG2-glia comprise a heterogeneous population of cycling cells that give rise to mature, myelinating oligodendrocytes. The mechanisms that regulate the process of differentiation from NG2-glia into oligodendrocytes are still not fully understood but over the last years the G Protein-coupled Receptor 17 (GPR17) has been on the spotlight as a possible key regulator. Interestingly, GPR17-expressing NG2-glia show under physiological conditions a slower and lower level of differentiation compared to NG2-glia without GPR17. In contrast, after a CNS insult these react with proliferation and differentiation in a high rate, pointing towards a role in repair processes. However, the role of GPR17+ NG2-glia under healthy conditions in adulthood has not been addressed yet. Therefore, we aimed here to characterize the GPR17-expressing NG2-glia. Using transgenic mouse models, we showed restricted GPR17 expression in only some NG2-glia. Furthermore, we found that these cells constitute a distinct subset within the NG2-glia population, which shows a different gene expression profile and behavior when compared to the total NG2-glia population. Genetic depletion of GPR17+ cells showed that these are not contributing to the dynamic and continuous generation of new oligodendrocytes in the adult brain. Taken together, GPR17+ NG2-glia seem to play a distinct role under physiological conditions that goes beyond their classic differentiation control, that needs to be further elucidated. These results open new avenues for using the GPR17 receptor as a target to change oligodendrogenesis under physiological and pathological conditions, highlighting the importance of further characterization of this protein for future pharmacological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Miralles
- Molecular and Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nicole Unger
- Molecular and Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nirmal Kannaiyan
- Molecular and Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Klinikum, Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz J Rossner
- Molecular and Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU Klinikum, Munich, Germany
| | - Leda Dimou
- Molecular and Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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33
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Wang JQ, Gao MY, Gao R, Zhao KH, Zhang Y, Li X. Oligodendrocyte lineage cells: Advances in development, disease, and heterogeneity. J Neurochem 2023; 164:468-480. [PMID: 36415921 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) originate in the ventricular zone (VZ) of the brain and spinal cord, and their primary function is to differentiate into oligodendrocytes (OLs). Studies have shown that OPCs and OLs are pathologically and physiologically heterogeneous. Previous transcriptome analyses used Bulk RNA-seq, which compares average gene expression in cells and does not allow for heterogeneity. In recent years, the development of single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell nuclear sequencing (snRNA-seq) has allowed us to study an individual cell. In this review, sc/snRNA-seq was used to study the different subpopulations of OL lineage cells, their developmental trajectories, and their applications in related diseases. These techniques can distinguish different subpopulations of cells, and identify differentially expressed genes in particular cell types under certain conditions, such as treatment or disease. It is of great significance to the study of the occurrence, prevention, and treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke-Han Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University), The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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34
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Fang LP, Liu Q, Meyer E, Welle A, Huang W, Scheller A, Kirchhoff F, Bai X. A subset of OPCs do not express Olig2 during development which can be increased in the adult by brain injuries and complex motor learning. Glia 2023; 71:415-430. [PMID: 36308278 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are uniformly distributed in the mammalian brain; however, their function is rather heterogeneous in respect to their origin, location, receptor/channel expression and age. The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor Olig2 is expressed in all OPCs as a pivotal determinant of their differentiation. Here, we identified a subset (2%-26%) of OPCs lacking Olig2 in various brain regions including cortex, corpus callosum, CA1 and dentate gyrus. These Olig2 negative (Olig2neg ) OPCs were enriched in the juvenile brain and decreased subsequently with age, being rarely detectable in the adult brain. However, the loss of this population was not due to apoptosis or microglia-dependent phagocytosis. Unlike Olig2pos OPCs, these subset cells were rarely labeled for the mitotic marker Ki67. And, accordingly, BrdU was incorporated only by a three-day long-term labeling but not by a 2-hour short pulse, suggesting these cells do not proliferate any more but were derived from proliferating OPCs. The Olig2neg OPCs exhibited a less complex morphology than Olig2pos ones. Olig2neg OPCs preferentially remain in a precursor stage rather than differentiating into highly branched oligodendrocytes. Changing the adjacent brain environment, for example, by acute injuries or by complex motor learning tasks, stimulated the transition of Olig2pos OPCs to Olig2neg cells in the adult. Taken together, our results demonstrate that OPCs transiently suppress Olig2 upon changes of the brain activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Pao Fang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Qing Liu
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Erika Meyer
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Brain Ischemia and Neuroprotection, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Anna Welle
- Department of Genetics and EpiGenetics, University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Anja Scheller
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany.,Experimental Research Center for Normal and Pathological Aging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova
| | - Xianshu Bai
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
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35
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Cabeza-Fernández S, White JA, McMurran CE, Gómez-Sánchez JA, de la Fuente AG. Immune-stem cell crosstalk in the central nervous system: how oligodendrocyte progenitor cells interact with immune cells. Immunol Cell Biol 2023; 101:25-35. [PMID: 36427276 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between immune and stem cells has proven essential for homeostasis and regeneration in a wide range of tissues. However, because the central nervous system was long considered an immune-privileged organ, its immune-stem cell axis was not deeply investigated until recently. Research has shown that oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), a highly abundant population of adult brain stem cells, establish bidirectional interactions with the immune system. Here, we provide an overview of the interactions that OPCs have with tissue-resident and recruited immune cells, paying particular attention to the role they play in myelin regeneration and neuroinflammation. We highlight the described role of OPCs as key active players in neuroinflammation, overriding the previous concept that OPCs are mere recipients of immune signals. Understanding the mechanisms behind this bidirectional interaction holds great potential for the development of novel therapeutic approaches limiting neuroinflammation and promoting myelin repair. A better understanding of the central nervous system's immune-stem cell axis will also be key for tackling two important features shared across neurodegenerative diseases, neuroinflammation and myelin loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Cabeza-Fernández
- Instituto Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain.,Instituto de Neurosciencias CSIC-UMH, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Jessica A White
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Christopher E McMurran
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - José A Gómez-Sánchez
- Instituto Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain.,Instituto de Neurosciencias CSIC-UMH, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Alerie G de la Fuente
- Instituto Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain.,Instituto de Neurosciencias CSIC-UMH, San Juan de Alicante, Spain.,Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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36
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Zhao Q, Zhu Y, Ren Y, Yin S, Yu L, Huang R, Song S, Hu X, Zhu R, Cheng L, Xie N. Neurogenesis potential of oligodendrocyte precursor cells from oligospheres and injured spinal cord. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1049562. [PMID: 36619671 PMCID: PMC9813964 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1049562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to long-lasting oligodendrocyte death and extensive demyelination in the lesion area. Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) are the reservoir of new mature oligodendrocytes during damaged myelin regeneration, which also have latent potential for neurogenic regeneration and oligospheres formation. Whether oligospheres derived OPCs can differentiate into neurons and the neurogenesis potential of OPCs after SCI remains unclear. In this study, primary OPCs cultures were used to generate oligospheres and detect the differentiation and neurogenesis potential of oligospheres. In vivo, SCI models of juvenile and adult mice were constructed. Combining the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), bioinformatics analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and molecular experiment, we investigated the neurogenesis potential and mechanisms of OPCs in vitro and vivo. We found that OPCs differentiation and oligodendrocyte morphology were significantly different between brain and spinal cord. Intriguingly, we identify a previously undescribed findings that OPCs were involved in oligospheres formation which could further differentiate into neuron-like cells. We also firstly detected the intermediate states of oligodendrocytes and neurons during oligospheres differentiation. Furthermore, we found that OPCs were significantly activated after SCI. Combining scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq data from injured spinal cord, we confirmed the neurogenesis potential of OPCs and the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress after SCI. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress could effectively attenuate OPCs death. Additionally, we also found that endoplasmic reticulum may regulate the stemness and differentiation of oligospheres. These findings revealed the neurogenesis potential of OPCs from oligospheres and injured spinal cord, which may provide a new source and a potential target for spinal cord repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Yin
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiqi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Simin Song
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongrong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Rongrong Zhu,
| | - Liming Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Liming Cheng,
| | - Ning Xie
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Ning Xie,
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37
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Voskuhl R, Itoh Y. The X factor in neurodegeneration. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20211488. [PMID: 36331399 PMCID: PMC9641640 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the aging population, it is important to better understand neurodegeneration in aging healthy people and to address the increasing incidence of neurodegenerative diseases. It is imperative to apply novel strategies to identify neuroprotective therapeutics. The study of sex differences in neurodegeneration can reveal new candidate treatment targets tailored for women and men. Sex chromosome effects on neurodegeneration remain understudied and represent a promising frontier for discovery. Here, we will review sex differences in neurodegeneration, focusing on the study of sex chromosome effects in the context of declining levels of sex hormones during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhonda Voskuhl
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Yuichiro Itoh
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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38
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Liu I, Jiang L, Samuelsson ER, Marco Salas S, Beck A, Hack OA, Jeong D, Shaw ML, Englinger B, LaBelle J, Mire HM, Madlener S, Mayr L, Quezada MA, Trissal M, Panditharatna E, Ernst KJ, Vogelzang J, Gatesman TA, Halbert ME, Palova H, Pokorna P, Sterba J, Slaby O, Geyeregger R, Diaz A, Findlay IJ, Dun MD, Resnick A, Suvà ML, Jones DTW, Agnihotri S, Svedlund J, Koschmann C, Haberler C, Czech T, Slavc I, Cotter JA, Ligon KL, Alexandrescu S, Yung WKA, Arrillaga-Romany I, Gojo J, Monje M, Nilsson M, Filbin MG. The landscape of tumor cell states and spatial organization in H3-K27M mutant diffuse midline glioma across age and location. Nat Genet 2022; 54:1881-1894. [PMID: 36471067 PMCID: PMC9729116 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01236-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Histone 3 lysine27-to-methionine (H3-K27M) mutations most frequently occur in diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) of the childhood pons but are also increasingly recognized in adults. Their potential heterogeneity at different ages and midline locations is vastly understudied. Here, through dissecting the single-cell transcriptomic, epigenomic and spatial architectures of a comprehensive cohort of patient H3-K27M DMGs, we delineate how age and anatomical location shape glioma cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic features in light of the shared driver mutation. We show that stem-like oligodendroglial precursor-like cells, present across all clinico-anatomical groups, display varying levels of maturation dependent on location. We reveal a previously underappreciated relationship between mesenchymal cancer cell states and age, linked to age-dependent differences in the immune microenvironment. Further, we resolve the spatial organization of H3-K27M DMG cell populations and identify a mitotic oligodendroglial-lineage niche. Collectively, our study provides a powerful framework for rational modeling and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilon Liu
- grid.511177.4Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Li Jiang
- grid.511177.4Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Erik R. Samuelsson
- grid.10548.380000 0004 1936 9377Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergio Marco Salas
- grid.10548.380000 0004 1936 9377Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Beck
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XCenter for Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Olivia A. Hack
- grid.511177.4Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Daeun Jeong
- grid.511177.4Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - McKenzie L. Shaw
- grid.511177.4Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Bernhard Englinger
- grid.511177.4Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jenna LaBelle
- grid.511177.4Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Hafsa M. Mire
- grid.511177.4Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Sibylle Madlener
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Mayr
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael A. Quezada
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Maria Trissal
- grid.511177.4Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Eshini Panditharatna
- grid.511177.4Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Kati J. Ernst
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jayne Vogelzang
- grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Taylor A. Gatesman
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA ,grid.239553.b0000 0000 9753 0008John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Matthew E. Halbert
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA ,grid.239553.b0000 0000 9753 0008John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Hana Palova
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Pokorna
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Sterba
- Pediatric Oncology Department, University Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, ICRC, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic ,grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rene Geyeregger
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria ,grid.416346.2Department of Clinical Cell Biology and FACS Core Unit, St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | - Aaron Diaz
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Izac J. Findlay
- grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XCancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales Australia ,grid.413648.cPrecision Medicine Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales Australia
| | - Matthew D. Dun
- grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XCancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales Australia ,grid.413648.cPrecision Medicine Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales Australia
| | - Adam Resnick
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Center for Data Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Mario L. Suvà
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Department of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - David T. W. Jones
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Hopp Children’s Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sameer Agnihotri
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA ,grid.239553.b0000 0000 9753 0008John G. Rangos Sr. Research Center, Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Jessica Svedlund
- grid.10548.380000 0004 1936 9377Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carl Koschmann
- grid.412590.b0000 0000 9081 2336Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Christine Haberler
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Czech
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Irene Slavc
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jennifer A. Cotter
- grid.239546.f0000 0001 2153 6013Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Keith L. Ligon
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA ,grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA ,grid.2515.30000 0004 0378 8438Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Sanda Alexandrescu
- grid.2515.30000 0004 0378 8438Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - W. K. Alfred Yung
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776Department of Neuro-Oncology, Brain Tumor Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Isabel Arrillaga-Romany
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Massachusetts General Hospital, Cancer Center, Boston, MA USA
| | - Johannes Gojo
- grid.511177.4Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA USA ,grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michelle Monje
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA USA ,grid.413575.10000 0001 2167 1581Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA USA
| | - Mats Nilsson
- grid.10548.380000 0004 1936 9377Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mariella G. Filbin
- grid.511177.4Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
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Delfino G, Bénardais K, Graff J, Samama B, Antal MC, Ghandour MS, Boehm N. Oligodendroglial primary cilium heterogeneity during development and demyelination/remyelination. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1049468. [PMID: 36505511 PMCID: PMC9729284 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1049468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium (PC) has emerged as an indispensable cellular antenna essential for signal transduction of important cell signaling pathways. The rapid acquisition of knowledge about PC biology has raised attention to PC as a therapeutic target in some neurological and psychiatric diseases. However, the role of PC in oligodendrocytes and its participation in myelination/remyelination remain poorly understood. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) give rise to oligodendrocytes during central nervous system (CNS) development. In adult, a small percentage of OPCs remains as undifferentiated cells located sparsely in the different regions of the CNS. These cells can regenerate oligodendrocytes and participate to certain extent in remyelination. This study aims characterize PC in oligodendrocyte lineage cells during post-natal development and in a mouse model of demyelination/remyelination. We show heterogeneity in the frequency of cilium presence on OPCs, depending on culture conditions in vitro and cerebral regions in vivo during development and demyelination/remyelination. In vitro, Lithium chloride (LiCl), Forskolin and Chloral Hydrate differentially affect cilium, depending on culture environment and PC length correlates with the cell differentiation state. Beside the role of PC as a keeper of cell proliferation, our results suggest its involvement in myelination/remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Delfino
- ICube Laboratory UMR 7357, Team IMIS, Strasbourg, France,Institut d’Histologie, Service Central de Microscopie Electronique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France,*Correspondence: Giada Delfino,
| | - Karelle Bénardais
- ICube Laboratory UMR 7357, Team IMIS, Strasbourg, France,Institut d’Histologie, Service Central de Microscopie Electronique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France,Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julien Graff
- Institut d’Histologie, Service Central de Microscopie Electronique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Brigitte Samama
- ICube Laboratory UMR 7357, Team IMIS, Strasbourg, France,Institut d’Histologie, Service Central de Microscopie Electronique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France,Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Maria Cristina Antal
- ICube Laboratory UMR 7357, Team IMIS, Strasbourg, France,Institut d’Histologie, Service Central de Microscopie Electronique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France,Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - M. Said Ghandour
- ICube Laboratory UMR 7357, Team IMIS, Strasbourg, France,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Nelly Boehm
- ICube Laboratory UMR 7357, Team IMIS, Strasbourg, France,Institut d’Histologie, Service Central de Microscopie Electronique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France,Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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40
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Molina-Gonzalez I, Miron VE, Antel JP. Chronic oligodendrocyte injury in central nervous system pathologies. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1274. [PMID: 36402839 PMCID: PMC9675815 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04248-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelin, the membrane surrounding neuronal axons, is critical for central nervous system (CNS) function. Injury to myelin-forming oligodendrocytes (OL) in chronic neurological diseases (e.g. multiple sclerosis) ranges from sublethal to lethal, leading to OL dysfunction and myelin pathology, and consequent deleterious impacts on axonal health that drive clinical impairments. This is regulated by intrinsic factors such as heterogeneity and age, and extrinsic cellular and molecular interactions. Here, we discuss the responses of OLs to injury, and perspectives for therapeutic targeting. We put forward that targeting mature OL health in neurological disease is a promising therapeutic strategy to support CNS function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Molina-Gonzalez
- grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute at The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland UK ,grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Chancellor’s Building, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland UK ,grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland UK
| | - Veronique E. Miron
- grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute at The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland UK ,grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Chancellor’s Building, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland UK ,grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland UK ,grid.415502.7Barlo Multiple Sclerosis Centre and Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Toronto, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jack P. Antel
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
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41
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Lin JP, Kelly HM, Song Y, Kawaguchi R, Geschwind DH, Jacobson S, Reich DS. Transcriptomic architecture of nuclei in the marmoset CNS. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5531. [PMID: 36130924 PMCID: PMC9492672 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33140-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the cellular composition and region-specific specialization of white matter - a disease-relevant, glia-rich tissue highly expanded in primates relative to rodents - we profiled transcriptomes of ~500,000 nuclei from 19 tissue types of the central nervous system of healthy common marmoset and mapped 87 subclusters spatially onto a 3D MRI atlas. We performed cross-species comparison, explored regulatory pathways, modeled regional intercellular communication, and surveyed cellular determinants of neurological disorders. Here, we analyze this resource and find strong spatial segregation of microglia, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, and astrocytes. White matter glia are diverse, enriched with genes involved in stimulus-response and biomolecule modification, and predicted to interact with other resident cells more extensively than their gray matter counterparts. Conversely, gray matter glia preserve the expression of neural tube patterning genes into adulthood and share six transcription factors that restrict transcriptome complexity. A companion Callithrix jacchus Primate Cell Atlas (CjPCA) is available through https://cjpca.ninds.nih.gov .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ping Lin
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hannah M Kelly
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yeajin Song
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Riki Kawaguchi
- Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Departments of Neurology and Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steven Jacobson
- Viral Immunology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel S Reich
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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42
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Targeting microglia–oligodendrocyte crosstalk in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:2562-2573. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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43
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Boda E, Lorenzati M, Parolisi R, Harding B, Pallavicini G, Bonfanti L, Moccia A, Bielas S, Di Cunto F, Buffo A. Molecular and functional heterogeneity in dorsal and ventral oligodendrocyte progenitor cells of the mouse forebrain in response to DNA damage. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2331. [PMID: 35484145 PMCID: PMC9051058 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30010-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the developing mouse forebrain, temporally distinct waves of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) arise from different germinal zones and eventually populate either dorsal or ventral regions, where they present as transcriptionally and functionally equivalent cells. Despite that, developmental heterogeneity influences adult OPC responses upon demyelination. Here we show that accumulation of DNA damage due to ablation of citron-kinase or cisplatin treatment cell-autonomously disrupts OPC fate, resulting in cell death and senescence in the dorsal and ventral subsets, respectively. Such alternative fates are associated with distinct developmental origins of OPCs, and with a different activation of NRF2-mediated anti-oxidant responses. These data indicate that, upon injury, dorsal and ventral OPC subsets show functional and molecular diversity that can make them differentially vulnerable to pathological conditions associated with DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Boda
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, IT-10043, Orbassano (Turin), Italy.
| | - Martina Lorenzati
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, IT-10043, Orbassano (Turin), Italy
| | - Roberta Parolisi
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, IT-10043, Orbassano (Turin), Italy
| | - Brian Harding
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gianmarco Pallavicini
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, IT-10043, Orbassano (Turin), Italy
| | - Luca Bonfanti
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, IT-10043, Orbassano (Turin), Italy
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Amanda Moccia
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephanie Bielas
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ferdinando Di Cunto
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, IT-10043, Orbassano (Turin), Italy
| | - Annalisa Buffo
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi-Montalcini, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, IT-10043, Orbassano (Turin), Italy
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44
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Heo D, Ling JP, Molina-Castro GC, Langseth AJ, Waisman A, Nave KA, Möbius W, Wong PC, Bergles DE. Stage-specific control of oligodendrocyte survival and morphogenesis by TDP-43. eLife 2022; 11:e75230. [PMID: 35311646 PMCID: PMC8970587 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Generation of oligodendrocytes in the adult brain enables both adaptive changes in neural circuits and regeneration of myelin sheaths destroyed by injury, disease, and normal aging. This transformation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) into myelinating oligodendrocytes requires processing of distinct mRNAs at different stages of cell maturation. Although mislocalization and aggregation of the RNA-binding protein, TDP-43, occur in both neurons and glia in neurodegenerative diseases, the consequences of TDP-43 loss within different stages of the oligodendrocyte lineage are not well understood. By performing stage-specific genetic inactivation of Tardbp in vivo, we show that oligodendrocyte lineage cells are differentially sensitive to loss of TDP-43. While OPCs depend on TDP-43 for survival, with conditional deletion resulting in cascading cell loss followed by rapid regeneration to restore their density, oligodendrocytes become less sensitive to TDP-43 depletion as they mature. Deletion of TDP-43 early in the maturation process led to eventual oligodendrocyte degeneration, seizures, and premature lethality, while oligodendrocytes that experienced late deletion survived and mice exhibited a normal lifespan. At both stages, TDP-43-deficient oligodendrocytes formed fewer and thinner myelin sheaths and extended new processes that inappropriately wrapped neuronal somata and blood vessels. Transcriptional analysis revealed that in the absence of TDP-43, key proteins involved in oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination were misspliced, leading to aberrant incorporation of cryptic exons. Inducible deletion of TDP-43 from oligodendrocytes in the adult central nervous system (CNS) induced the same progressive morphological changes and mice acquired profound hindlimb weakness, suggesting that loss of TDP-43 function in oligodendrocytes may contribute to neuronal dysfunction in neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongeun Heo
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Jonathan P Ling
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Gian C Molina-Castro
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Abraham J Langseth
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Klaus-Armin Nave
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental MedicineGöttingenGermany
| | - Wiebke Möbius
- Department of Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Experimental MedicineGöttingenGermany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of GöttingenGöttingenGermany
- Electron Microscopy Core Unit, Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental MedicineGöttingenGermany
| | - Phil C Wong
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Dwight E Bergles
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUnited States
- Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreUnited States
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45
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Khandker L, Jeffries MA, Chang YJ, Mather ML, Evangelou AV, Bourne JN, Tafreshi AK, Ornelas IM, Bozdagi-Gunal O, Macklin WB, Wood TL. Cholesterol biosynthesis defines oligodendrocyte precursor heterogeneity between brain and spinal cord. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110423. [PMID: 35235799 PMCID: PMC8988216 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain and spinal cord oligodendroglia have distinct functional characteristics, and cell-autonomous loss of individual genes can result in different regional phenotypes. However, a molecular basis for these distinctions is unknown. Using single-cell analysis of oligodendroglia during developmental myelination, we demonstrate that brain and spinal cord precursors are transcriptionally distinct, defined predominantly by cholesterol biosynthesis. We further identify the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) as a major regulator promoting cholesterol biosynthesis in oligodendroglia. Oligodendroglia-specific loss of mTOR decreases cholesterol biosynthesis in both the brain and the spinal cord, but mTOR loss in spinal cord oligodendroglia has a greater impact on cholesterol biosynthesis, consistent with more pronounced deficits in developmental myelination. In the brain, mTOR loss results in a later adult myelin deficit, including oligodendrocyte death, spontaneous demyelination, and impaired axonal function, demonstrating that mTOR is required for myelin maintenance in the adult brain. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, Khandker et al. reveal that oligodendroglia in the brain and spinal cord are distinct. These differences arise from mechanisms regulating cholesterol acquisition, necessary for maintenance of the lipid-rich myelin sheath, and involve mTOR in the regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis in oligodendroglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luipa Khandker
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Marisa A Jeffries
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Yun-Juan Chang
- Office of Advance Research Computing, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Marie L Mather
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Angelina V Evangelou
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Jennifer N Bourne
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Azadeh K Tafreshi
- Department of Psychiatry, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Isis M Ornelas
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Ozlem Bozdagi-Gunal
- Department of Psychiatry, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Wendy B Macklin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Teresa L Wood
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
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46
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Seeker LA, Williams A. Oligodendroglia heterogeneity in the human central nervous system. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 143:143-157. [PMID: 34860266 PMCID: PMC8742806 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-021-02390-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It is the centenary of the discovery of oligodendrocytes and we are increasingly aware of their importance in the functioning of the brain in development, adult learning, normal ageing and in disease across the life course, even in those diseases classically thought of as neuronal. This has sparked more interest in oligodendroglia for potential therapeutics for many neurodegenerative/neurodevelopmental diseases due to their more tractable nature as a renewable cell in the central nervous system. However, oligodendroglia are not all the same. Even from the first description, differences in morphology were described between the cells. With advancing techniques to describe these differences in human tissue, the complexity of oligodendroglia is being discovered, indicating apparent functional differences which may be of critical importance in determining vulnerability and response to disease, and targeting of potential therapeutics. It is timely to review the progress we have made in discovering and understanding oligodendroglial heterogeneity in health and neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luise A Seeker
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anna Williams
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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47
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Sherafat A, Pfeiffer F, Nishiyama A. Shaping of Regional Differences in Oligodendrocyte Dynamics by Regional Heterogeneity of the Pericellular Microenvironment. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:721376. [PMID: 34690700 PMCID: PMC8531270 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.721376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are glial cells that differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes (OLs) to generate new myelin sheaths. While OPCs are distributed uniformly throughout the gray and white matter in the developing and adult brain, those in white matter proliferate and differentiate into oligodendrocytes at a greater rate than those in gray matter. There is currently lack of evidence to suggest that OPCs comprise genetically and transcriptionally distinct subtypes. Rather, the emerging view is that they exist in different cell and functional states, depending on their location and age. Contrary to the normal brain, demyelinated lesions in the gray matter of multiple sclerosis brains contain more OPCs and OLs and are remyelinated more robustly than those in white matter. The differences in the dynamic behavior of OL lineage cells are likely to be influenced by their microenvironment. There are regional differences in astrocytes, microglia, the vasculature, and the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). We will discuss how the regional differences in these elements surrounding OPCs might shape their phenotypic variability in normal and demyelinated states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Sherafat
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Friederike Pfeiffer
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States.,Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Akiko Nishiyama
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States.,Institute of Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States.,The Institute of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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48
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Franklin RJM, Frisén J, Lyons DA. Revisiting remyelination: Towards a consensus on the regeneration of CNS myelin. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 116:3-9. [PMID: 33082115 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The biology of CNS remyelination has attracted considerable interest in recent years because of its translational potential to yield regenerative therapies for the treatment of chronic and progressive demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Critical to devising myelin regenerative therapies is a detailed understanding of how remyelination occurs. The accepted dogma, based on animal studies, has been that the myelin sheaths of remyelination are made by oligodendrocytes newly generated from adult oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in a classical regenerative process of progenitor migration, proliferation and differentiation. However, recent human and a growing number of animal studies have revealed a second mode of remyelination in which mature oligodendrocytes surviving within an area of demyelination are able to regenerate new myelin sheaths. This discovery, while opening up new opportunities for therapeutic remyelination, has also raised the question of whether there are fundamental differences in myelin regeneration between humans and some of the species in which experimental remyelination studies are conducted. Here we review how this second mode of remyelination can be integrated into a wider and revised framework for understanding remyelination in which apparent species differences can be reconciled but that also raises important questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin J M Franklin
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Jonas Frisén
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - David A Lyons
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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49
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Monje M, Káradóttir RT. The bright and the dark side of myelin plasticity: Neuron-glial interactions in health and disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 116:10-15. [PMID: 33293232 PMCID: PMC8178421 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuron-glial interactions shape neural circuit establishment, refinement and function. One of the key neuron-glial interactions takes place between axons and oligodendroglial precursor cells. Interactions between neurons and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) promote OPC proliferation, generation of new oligodendrocytes and myelination, shaping myelin development and ongoing adaptive myelin plasticity in the brain. Communication between neurons and OPCs can be broadly divided into paracrine and synaptic mechanisms. Following the Nobel mini-symposium "The Dark Side of the Brain" in late 2019 at the Karolinska Institutet, this mini-review will focus on the bright and dark sides of neuron-glial interactions and discuss paracrine and synaptic interactions between neurons and OPCs and their malignant counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Ragnhildur Thóra Káradóttir
- Wellcome - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute & Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Physiology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
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Ghelman J, Grewing L, Windener F, Albrecht S, Zarbock A, Kuhlmann T. SKAP2 as a new regulator of oligodendroglial migration and myelin sheath formation. Glia 2021; 69:2699-2716. [PMID: 34324225 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendroglial progenitor cells (OPCs) are highly proliferative and migratory cells, which differentiate into complex myelin forming and axon ensheathing mature oligodendrocytes during myelination. Recent studies indicate that the oligodendroglial cell population is heterogeneous on transcriptional and functional level depending on the location in the central nervous system. Here, we compared intrinsic properties of OPC from spinal cord and brain on functional and transcriptional level. Spinal cord OPC demonstrated increased migration as well as differentiation capacity. Moreover, transcriptome analysis revealed differential expression of several genes between both OPC populations. In spinal cord OPC, we confirmed upregulation of SKAP2, a cytoplasmatic adaptor protein known for its implication in cytoskeletal remodeling and migration in other cell types. Recent findings suggest that actin dynamics determine not only oligodendroglial migration, but also differentiation: Whereas actin polymerization is important for process extension, actin destabilization and depolymerization is required for myelin sheath formation. Downregulation or complete lack of SKAP2 in OPC resulted in reduced migration and impaired morphological maturation in oligodendrocytes. In contrast, overexpression of SKAP2 as well as constitutively active SKAP2 increased OPC migration suggesting that SKAP2 function is dependent on activation by phosphorylation. Furthermore, lack of SKAP2 enhanced the positive effect on OPC migration after integrin activation suggesting that SKAP2 acts as modulator of integrin dependent migration. In summary, we demonstrate the presence of intrinsic differences between spinal cord and brain OPC and identified SKAP2 as a new regulator of oligodendroglial migration and sheath formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Ghelman
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Laureen Grewing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Farina Windener
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Stefanie Albrecht
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Tanja Kuhlmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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