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Zhu Z, Miao L, Li K, Ma Q, Pan L, Shen C, Ge Q, Du Y, Yin L, Yang H, Xu X, Zeng LH, Liu Y, Xu H, Li XM, Sun L, Yu YQ, Duan S. A hypothalamic-amygdala circuit underlying sexually dimorphic aggression. Neuron 2024:S0896-6273(24)00457-4. [PMID: 39019042 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Male animals often display higher levels of aggression than females. However, the neural circuitry mechanisms underlying this sexually dimorphic aggression remain elusive. Here, we identify a hypothalamic-amygdala circuit that mediates male-biased aggression in mice. Specifically, the ventrolateral part of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMHvl), a sexually dimorphic region associated with eliciting male-biased aggression, projects densely to the posterior substantia innominata (pSI), an area that promotes similar levels of attack in both sexes of mice. Although the VMHvl innervates the pSI unidirectionally through both excitatory and inhibitory connections, it is the excitatory VMHvl-pSI projections that are strengthened in males to promote aggression, whereas the inhibitory connections that reduce aggressive behavior are strengthened in females. Consequently, the convergent hypothalamic input onto the pSI leads to heightened pSI activity in males, resulting in male-biased aggression. Our findings reveal a sexually distinct excitation-inhibition balance of a hypothalamic-amygdala circuit that underlies sexually dimorphic aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenggang Zhu
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lu Miao
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kaiyuan Li
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qingqing Ma
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lina Pan
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chenjie Shen
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qianqian Ge
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yonglan Du
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Luping Yin
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Institute of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Hongbin Yang
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience and Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ling-Hui Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Yijun Liu
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Han Xu
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Li
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Nanhu Brain-Computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou 311100, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan-Qin Yu
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; Nanhu Brain-Computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou 311100, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
| | - Shumin Duan
- Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, China; Research Units for Emotion and Emotion Disorders, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
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Smith A, MacAulay B, Scheufen J, Hudak A, Abizaid A. Chronic Social Defeat Stress Increases Brain Permeability to Ghrelin in Male Mice. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0093-24.2024. [PMID: 38937108 PMCID: PMC11253241 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0093-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Ghrelin is a stomach-derived hormone that increases feeding and is elevated in response to chronic psychosocial stressors. The effects of ghrelin on feeding are mediated by the binding of ghrelin to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), a receptor located in hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic regions important for regulating food intake and metabolic rate. The ability of ghrelin to enter the brain, however, seems to be restricted to circumventricular organs like the median eminence and the brainstem area postrema, whereas ghrelin does not readily enter other GHSR-expressing regions like the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Interestingly, social stressors result in increased blood-brain barrier permeability, and this could therefore facilitate the entry of ghrelin into the brain. To investigate this, we exposed mice to social defeat stress for 21 d and then peripherally injected a Cy5-labelled biologically active ghrelin analog. The results demonstrate that chronically stressed mice exhibit higher Cy5-ghrelin fluorescence in several hypothalamic regions in addition to the ARC, including the hippocampus and midbrain. Furthermore, Cy5-ghrelin injections resulted in increased FOS expression in regions associated with the reward system in chronically stressed mice. Further histologic analyses identified a reduction in the branching of hypothalamic astrocytes in the ARC-median eminence junction, suggesting increased blood-brain barrier permeability. These data support the hypothesis that during metabolically challenging conditions like chronic stress, ghrelin may be more able to cross the blood-brain barrier and diffuse throughout the brain to target GHSR-expressing brain regions away from circumventricular organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S5B6, Canada
| | - Brenna MacAulay
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S5B6, Canada
| | - Jessica Scheufen
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S5B6, Canada
| | - Abagael Hudak
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S5B6, Canada
| | - Alfonso Abizaid
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S5B6, Canada
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Goodwin NL, Choong JJ, Hwang S, Pitts K, Bloom L, Islam A, Zhang YY, Szelenyi ER, Tong X, Newman EL, Miczek K, Wright HR, McLaughlin RJ, Norville ZC, Eshel N, Heshmati M, Nilsson SRO, Golden SA. Simple Behavioral Analysis (SimBA) as a platform for explainable machine learning in behavioral neuroscience. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:1411-1424. [PMID: 38778146 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01649-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The study of complex behaviors is often challenging when using manual annotation due to the absence of quantifiable behavioral definitions and the subjective nature of behavioral annotation. Integration of supervised machine learning approaches mitigates some of these issues through the inclusion of accessible and explainable model interpretation. To decrease barriers to access, and with an emphasis on accessible model explainability, we developed the open-source Simple Behavioral Analysis (SimBA) platform for behavioral neuroscientists. SimBA introduces several machine learning interpretability tools, including SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) scores, that aid in creating explainable and transparent behavioral classifiers. Here we show how the addition of explainability metrics allows for quantifiable comparisons of aggressive social behavior across research groups and species, reconceptualizing behavior as a sharable reagent and providing an open-source framework. We provide an open-source, graphical user interface (GUI)-driven, well-documented package to facilitate the movement toward improved automation and sharing of behavioral classification tools across laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastacia L Goodwin
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center of Excellence in Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jia J Choong
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sophia Hwang
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kayla Pitts
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Liana Bloom
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Aasiya Islam
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yizhe Y Zhang
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center of Excellence in Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eric R Szelenyi
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center of Excellence in Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Tong
- New York University Neuroscience Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily L Newman
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Klaus Miczek
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Hayden R Wright
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Ryan J McLaughlin
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | | | - Neir Eshel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mitra Heshmati
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Center of Excellence in Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Simon R O Nilsson
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Sam A Golden
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Center of Excellence in Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Chen Y, Chien J, Dai B, Lin D, Chen ZS. Identifying behavioral links to neural dynamics of multifiber photometry recordings in a mouse social behavior network. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:10.1088/1741-2552/ad5702. [PMID: 38861996 PMCID: PMC11246699 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad5702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Objective.Distributed hypothalamic-midbrain neural circuits help orchestrate complex behavioral responses during social interactions. Given rapid advances in optical imaging, it is a fundamental question how population-averaged neural activity measured by multi-fiber photometry (MFP) for calcium fluorescence signals correlates with social behaviors is a fundamental question. This paper aims to investigate the correspondence between MFP data and social behaviors.Approach:We propose a state-space analysis framework to characterize mouse MFP data based on dynamic latent variable models, which include a continuous-state linear dynamical system and a discrete-state hidden semi-Markov model. We validate these models on extensive MFP recordings during aggressive and mating behaviors in male-male and male-female interactions, respectively.Main results:Our results show that these models are capable of capturing both temporal behavioral structure and associated neural states, and produce interpretable latent states. Our approach is also validated in computer simulations in the presence of known ground truth.Significance:Overall, these analysis approaches provide a state-space framework to examine neural dynamics underlying social behaviors and reveals mechanistic insights into the relevant networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program in Artificial Intelligence, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Equal contributions (Y.C. and J.C.)
| | - Jonathan Chien
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Equal contributions (Y.C. and J.C.)
| | - Bing Dai
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dayu Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhe Sage Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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Zhang L, Sun Y, Wang J, Zhang M, Wang Q, Xie B, Yu F, Wen D, Ma C. Dopaminergic dominance in the ventral medial hypothalamus: A pivotal regulator for methamphetamine-induced pathological aggression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 132:110971. [PMID: 38365104 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.110971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) abuse is associated with a spectrum of behavioral consequences, among which heightened aggression presents a significant challenge. However, the causal role of METH's impact in aggression and its target circuit mechanisms remains largely unknown. We established an acute METH exposure-aggression mouse model to investigate the role of ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopaminergic neurons and ventral medial hypothalamus VMH glutamatergic neuron. Our findings revealed that METH-induced VTA dopamine excitability activates the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) glutamatergic neurons, contributing to pathological aggression. Notably, we uncovered a dopaminergic transmission within the VTA-VMH circuit that exclusively functioned under METH influence. This dopaminergic pathway emerged as a potential key player in enabling dopamine-related pathological aggression, with heightened dopaminergic excitability implicated in various psychiatric symptoms. Also, the modulatory function of this pathway opens new possibilities for targeted therapeutic strategies for intervention to improve treatment in METH abuse and may have broader implications for addressing pathological aggression syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludi Zhang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medical University, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China; Identification Center of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China; Hebei Medical University Postdoctoral Research Station, 050017, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yufei Sun
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medical University, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medical University, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China; Identification Center of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Minglong Zhang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medical University, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Qingwu Wang
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medical University, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China; Identification Center of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Bing Xie
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medical University, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China; Identification Center of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Feng Yu
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medical University, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China; Identification Center of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Di Wen
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medical University, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China; Identification Center of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China.
| | - Chunling Ma
- College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medical University, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China; Identification Center of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, 050017 Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China.
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Grammer J, Valles R, Bowles A, Zelikowsky M. SAUSI: a novel assay for measuring social anxiety and motivation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.13.594023. [PMID: 38798428 PMCID: PMC11118329 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.13.594023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Social anxiety is one of the most prevalent mental health disorders, though the underlying neurobiology is poorly understood. Progress in understanding the etiology of social anxiety has been hindered by the lack of comprehensive tools to assess social anxiety in model systems. Here, we created a new behavioral task - Selective Access to Unrestricted Social Interaction (SAUSI), which combines elements of social motivation, hesitancy, decision-making, and free interaction to enable the wholistic assessment of social anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Using this novel assay, we found that social isolation-induced social anxiety-like behaviors in female mice are largely driven by increases in social fear, social hesitancy, and altered ultrasonic vocalizations. Deep learning analyses were able to computationally identify a unique behavioral footprint underlying the state produced by social isolation, demonstrating the compatibility of modern computational approaches with SAUSI. Finally, we compared the results of SAUSI to traditionally social assays including the 3-chamber sociability assay and the resident intruder task. This revealed that behavioral changes induced by isolation were highly context dependent, and that while fragments of social anxiety measured in SAUSI were replicable across other tasks, a wholistic assessment was not obtainable from these alternative assays. Our findings debut a novel task for the behavioral toolbox - one which overcomes limitations of previous assays, allowing for both social choice as well as free interaction, and offers a new approach for assessing social anxiety in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Grammer
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah, United States
| | - Rene Valles
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah, United States
| | - Alexis Bowles
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah, United States
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Villegas A, Siegelbaum SA. Modulation of aggression by social novelty recognition memory in the hippocampal CA2 region. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.03.592403. [PMID: 38746353 PMCID: PMC11092780 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.03.592403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The dorsal CA2 subregion (dCA2) of the hippocampus exerts a critical role in social novelty recognition (SNR) memory and in the promotion of social aggression. Whether the social aggression and SNR memory functions of dCA2 are related or represent independent processes is unknown. Here we investigated the hypotheses that an animal is more likely to attack a novel compared to familiar animal and that dCA2 promotes social aggression through its ability to discriminate between novel and familiar conspecifics. To test these ideas, we conducted a multi-day resident intruder (R-I) test of aggression towards novel and familiar conspecifics. We found that mice were more likely to attack a novel compared to familiarized intruder and that silencing of dCA2 caused a more profound inhibition of aggression towards a novel than familiarized intruder. To explore whether and how dCA2 pyramidal neurons encode aggression, we recorded their activity using microendoscopic calcium imaging throughout the days of the R-I test. We found that a fraction of dCA2 neurons were selectively activated or inhibited during exploration, dominance, and attack behaviors and that these signals were enhanced during interaction with a novel compared to familiarized conspecific. Based on dCA2 population activity, a set of binary linear classifiers accurately decoded whether an animal was engaged in each of these forms of social behavior. Of particular interest, the accuracy of decoding aggression was greater with novel compared to familiarized intruders, with significant cross-day decoding using the same familiar animal on each day but not for a familiar-novel pair. Together, these findings demonstrate that dCA2 integrates information about social novelty with signals of behavioral state to promote aggression towards novel conspecifics.
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He ZX, Yue MH, Liu KJ, Wang Y, Qiao JY, Lv XY, Xi K, Zhang YX, Fan JN, Yu HL, He XX, Zhu XJ. Substance P in the medial amygdala regulates aggressive behaviors in male mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024:10.1038/s41386-024-01863-w. [PMID: 38649427 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01863-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Behavioral and clinical studies have revealed a critical role of substance P (SP) in aggression; however, the neural circuit mechanisms underlying SP and aggression remain elusive. Here, we show that tachykinin-expressing neurons in the medial amygdala (MeATac1 neurons) are activated during aggressive behaviors in male mice. We identified MeATac1 neurons as a key mediator of aggression and found that MeATac1→ventrolateral part of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMHvl) projections are critical to the regulation of aggression. Moreover, SP/neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) signaling in the VMHvl modulates aggressive behaviors in male mice. SP/NK-1R signaling regulates aggression by influencing glutamate transmission in neurons in the VMHvl. In summary, these findings place SP as a key node in aggression circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xuan He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Mei-Hui Yue
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Kai-Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jiu-Ye Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xin-Yue Lv
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ke Xi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ya-Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jia-Ni Fan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hua-Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Leibenluft E, Allen LE, Althoff RR, Brotman MA, Burke JD, Carlson GA, Dickstein DP, Dougherty LR, Evans SC, Kircanski K, Klein DN, Malone EP, Mazefsky CA, Nigg J, Perlman SB, Pine DS, Roy AK, Salum GA, Shakeshaft A, Silver J, Stoddard J, Thapar A, Tseng WL, Vidal-Ribas P, Wakschlag LS, Stringaris A. Irritability in Youths: A Critical Integrative Review. Am J Psychiatry 2024; 181:275-290. [PMID: 38419494 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20230256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Irritability, defined as proneness to anger that may impair an individual's functioning, is common in youths. There has been a recent upsurge in relevant research. The authors combine systematic and narrative review approaches to integrate the latest clinical and translational findings and provide suggestions for addressing research gaps. Clinicians and researchers should assess irritability routinely, and specific assessment tools are now available. Informant effects are prominent, are stable, and vary by age and gender. The prevalence of irritability is particularly high among individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and mood and anxiety disorders. Irritability is associated with impairment and suicidality risk independent of co-occurring diagnoses. Developmental trajectories of irritability (which may begin early in life) have been identified and are differentially associated with clinical outcomes. Youth irritability is associated with increased risk of anxiety, depression, behavioral problems, and suicidality later in life. Irritability is moderately heritable, and genetic associations differ based on age and comorbid illnesses. Parent management training is effective for treating psychological problems related to irritability, but its efficacy in treating irritability should be tested rigorously, as should novel mechanism-informed interventions (e.g., those targeting exposure to frustration). Associations between irritability and suicidality and the impact of cultural context are important, underresearched topics. Analyses of large, diverse longitudinal samples that extend into adulthood are needed. Data from both animal and human research indicate that aberrant responses to frustration and threat are central to the pathophysiology of irritability, revealing important translational opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Leibenluft
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Laura E Allen
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Robert R Althoff
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Melissa A Brotman
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Jeffrey D Burke
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Gabrielle A Carlson
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Daniel P Dickstein
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Lea R Dougherty
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Spencer C Evans
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Katharina Kircanski
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Daniel N Klein
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Eleanor P Malone
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Carla A Mazefsky
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Joel Nigg
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Susan B Perlman
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Daniel S Pine
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Amy Krain Roy
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Giovanni A Salum
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Amy Shakeshaft
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Jamilah Silver
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Joel Stoddard
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Anita Thapar
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Wan-Ling Tseng
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Pablo Vidal-Ribas
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Lauren S Wakschlag
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
| | - Argyris Stringaris
- Emotion and Development Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft, Brotman, Kircanski, Malone, Pine); Faculty of Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry and Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London (Allen, Stringaris); Departments of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington (Althoff); Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs (Burke); Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry (Carlson), Department of Psychology (Klein, Silver), and Department of Psychiatry (Klein), Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Dickstein); Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park (Dougherty); Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Fla. (Evans); Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (Mazefsky); Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (Nigg); Department of Psychology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis (Perlman); Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York (Roy); Child Mind Institute, New York (Salum); Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health, Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom (Shakeshaft, Thapar); Division of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver (Stoddard); Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Tseng); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain (Vidal-Ribas); Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago (Wakschlag); First Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, and Aiginiteion Hospital, Athens, Greece (Stringaris)
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Mitsui K, Takahashi A. Aggression modulator: Understanding the multifaceted role of the dorsal raphe nucleus. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2300213. [PMID: 38314963 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Aggressive behavior is instinctively driven behavior that helps animals to survive and reproduce and is closely related to multiple behavioral and physiological processes. The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) is an evolutionarily conserved midbrain structure that regulates aggressive behavior by integrating diverse brain inputs. The DRN consists predominantly of serotonergic (5-HT:5-hydroxytryptamine) neurons and decreased 5-HT activity was classically thought to increase aggression. However, recent studies challenge this 5-HT deficiency model, revealing a more complex role for the DRN 5-HT system in aggression. Furthermore, emerging evidence has shown that non-5-HT populations in the DRN and specific neural circuits contribute to the escalation of aggressive behavior. This review argues that the DRN serves as a multifaceted modulator of aggression, acting not only via 5-HT but also via other neurotransmitters and neural pathways, as well as different subsets of 5-HT neurons. In addition, we discuss the contribution of DRN neurons in the behavioral and physiological aspects implicated in aggressive behavior, such as arousal, reward, and impulsivity, to further our understanding of DRN-mediated aggression modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koshiro Mitsui
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Aki Takahashi
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Institute of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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11
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Minakuchi T, Guthman EM, Acharya P, Hinson J, Fleming W, Witten IB, Oline SN, Falkner AL. Independent inhibitory control mechanisms for aggressive motivation and action. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:702-715. [PMID: 38347201 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01563-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Social behaviors often consist of a motivational phase followed by action. Here we show that neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus ventrolateral area (VMHvl) of mice encode the temporal sequence of aggressive motivation to action. The VMHvl receives local inhibitory input (VMHvl shell) and long-range input from the medial preoptic area (MPO) with functional coupling to neurons with specific temporal profiles. Encoding models reveal that during aggression, VMHvl shellvgat+ activity peaks at the start of an attack, whereas activity from the MPO-VMHvlvgat+ input peaks at specific interaction endpoints. Activation of the MPO-VMHvlvgat+ input promotes and prolongs a low motivation state, whereas activation of VMHvl shellvgat+ results in action-related deficits, acutely terminating attack. Moreover, stimulation of MPO-VMHvlvgat+ input is positively valenced and anxiolytic. Together, these data demonstrate how distinct inhibitory inputs to the hypothalamus can independently gate the motivational and action phases of aggression through a single locus of control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Justin Hinson
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton, NJ, USA
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12
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Stagkourakis S, Williams P, Spigolon G, Khanal S, Ziegler K, Heikkinen L, Fisone G, Broberger C. Maternal Aggression Driven by the Transient Mobilisation of a Dormant Hormone-Sensitive Circuit. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.02.02.526862. [PMID: 38585740 PMCID: PMC10996482 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.02.526862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Aggression, a sexually dimorphic behaviour, is prevalent in males and typically absent in virgin females. Following parturition, however, the transient expression of aggression in adult female mice protects pups from predators and infanticide by male conspecifics. While maternal hormones are known to elicit nursing, their potential role in maternal aggression remains elusive. Here, we show in mice that a molecularly defined subset of ventral premammillary (PMvDAT) neurons, instrumental for intermale aggression, switch from quiescence to a hyperexcitable state during lactation. We identify that the maternal hormones prolactin and oxytocin excite these cells through actions that include T-type Ca2+ channels. Optogenetic manipulation or genetic ablation of PMvDAT neurons profoundly affects maternal aggression, while activation of these neurons impairs the expression of non-aggression-related maternal behaviours. This work identifies a monomorphic neural substrate that can incorporate hormonal cues to enable the transient expression of a dormant behavioural program in lactating females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Stagkourakis
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum B:4, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul Williams
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giada Spigolon
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum B:4, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shreya Khanal
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum B:4, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katharina Ziegler
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum B:4, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Heikkinen
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum B:4, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gilberto Fisone
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum B:4, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Broberger
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum B:4, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
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13
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Lee SS, Venniro M, Shaham Y, Hope BT, Ramsey LA. Operant social self-administration in male CD1 mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024:10.1007/s00213-024-06560-6. [PMID: 38453754 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06560-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE We recently introduced a model of operant social reward in which female CD1 mice lever press for access to affiliative social interaction with a cagemate peer mouse of the same sex and strain. Here we determined the generality of the operant social self-administration model to male CD1 mice who, under certain conditions, will lever press to attack a subordinate male mouse. METHODS We trained male CD1 mice to lever press for food and social interaction with a same sex and strain cagemate peer under different fixed-ratio (FR) schedule response requirements (FR1 to FR6). We then tested their motivation to seek social interaction after 15 days of isolation in the presence of cues previously paired with social self-administration. We also determined the effect of housing conditions on operant social self-administration and seeking. Finally, we determined sex differences in operant social self-administration and seeking, and the effect of housing conditions on unconditioned affiliative and antagonistic (aggressive) social interactions in both sexes. RESULTS Male CD1 mice lever pressed for access to a cagemate peer under different FR response requirements and seek social interaction after 15 isolation days; these effects were independent of housing conditions. There were no sex differences in operant social self-administration and seeking. Finally, group-housed CD1 male mice did not display unconditioned aggressive behavior toward a peer male CD1 mouse. CONCLUSIONS Adult socially housed male CD1 mice can be used in studies on operant social reward without the potential confound of operant responding to engage in aggressive interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha S Lee
- Behavioral Neuroscience Research Branch Intramural Research Program, National Institute On Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marco Venniro
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yavin Shaham
- Behavioral Neuroscience Research Branch Intramural Research Program, National Institute On Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bruce T Hope
- Behavioral Neuroscience Research Branch Intramural Research Program, National Institute On Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Leslie A Ramsey
- Behavioral Neuroscience Research Branch Intramural Research Program, National Institute On Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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14
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Chen Y, Chien J, Dai B, Lin D, Chen ZS. Identifying behavioral links to neural dynamics of multifiber photometry recordings in a mouse social behavior network. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.25.573308. [PMID: 38234793 PMCID: PMC10793434 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.25.573308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Distributed hypothalamic-midbrain neural circuits orchestrate complex behavioral responses during social interactions. How population-averaged neural activity measured by multi-fiber photometry (MFP) for calcium fluorescence signals correlates with social behaviors is a fundamental question. We propose a state-space analysis framework to characterize mouse MFP data based on dynamic latent variable models, which include continuous-state linear dynamical system (LDS) and discrete-state hidden semi-Markov model (HSMM). We validate these models on extensive MFP recordings during aggressive and mating behaviors in male-male and male-female interactions, respectively. Our results show that these models are capable of capturing both temporal behavioral structure and associated neural states. Overall, these analysis approaches provide an unbiased strategy to examine neural dynamics underlying social behaviors and reveals mechanistic insights into the relevant networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Program in Artificial Intelligence, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jonathan Chien
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bing Dai
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dayu Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhe Sage Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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15
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Gaytán-Tocavén L, Aguilar-Moreno A, Ortiz J, Alcauter S, Antonio-Cabrera E, Paredes RG. Identification of neural circuits controlling male sexual behavior and sexual motivation by manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1301406. [PMID: 38187924 PMCID: PMC10768062 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1301406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Different techniques have been used to identify the brain regions that control sexual motivation and sexual behavior. However, the influence of sexual experience on the activation of these brain regions in the same subject is unknown. Using manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI), we analyzed the activation of brain regions in the sexual incentive motivation (SIM) and the partner preference PP (tests) on weeks 1, 5, and 10 in male rats tested for 10 weeks. AIM. In experiment 1, we analyzed the possible toxic effects of 16 mg/kg of MnCl2 on male sexual behavior, running wheel, and motor execution. In experiment 2, subjects were tested for SIM and PP using MEMRI. Methods In both experiments, a dose of 16 mg/kg (s.c) of chloride manganese (MnCl2) was administered 24 h before subjects were tested and placed immediately thereafter in a 7-Tesla Bruker scanner. Results In experiment 1, the dose of 16 mg/kg of MnCl2 did not induce behavioral alterations that could interfere with interpreting the imaging data. In experiment 2, we found a clear preference for the female in both the SIM and PP tests. We found a higher signal intensity in the olfactory bulb (OB) in week 1 of the SIM test compared to the control group. We also found increased signal intensity in the socio-sexual behavior and mesolimbic reward circuits in the SIM test in week 1. In the PP test, we found a higher signal intensity in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in week 10 compared to the control group. In the same test, we found increased signal intensity in the socio-sexual and mesolimbic reward circuits in week 5 compared to the control group. Cohen's d analysis of the whole brain revealed that as the subjects gained sexual experience we observed a higher brain activation in the OB in the SIM group. The PP group showed higher brain activation in the cortex and subcortical structures as they acquired sexual experience. Discussion As the subjects gain sexual experience, more structures of the reward and socio-sexual circuits are recruited, resulting in different, and large brain activations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan Ortiz
- Instituto de Neurobiología, UNAM, Querétaro, Mexico
| | | | | | - Raúl G. Paredes
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Juriquilla, UNAM, Querétaro, Mexico
- Instituto de Neurobiología, UNAM, Querétaro, Mexico
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16
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Stagkourakis S, Spigolon G, Marks M, Feyder M, Kim J, Perona P, Pachitariu M, Anderson DJ. Anatomically distributed neural representations of instincts in the hypothalamus. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.21.568163. [PMID: 38045312 PMCID: PMC10690204 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.21.568163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Artificial activation of anatomically localized, genetically defined hypothalamic neuron populations is known to trigger distinct innate behaviors, suggesting a hypothalamic nucleus-centered organization of behavior control. To assess whether the encoding of behavior is similarly anatomically confined, we performed simultaneous neuron recordings across twenty hypothalamic regions in freely moving animals. Here we show that distinct but anatomically distributed neuron ensembles encode the social and fear behavior classes, primarily through mixed selectivity. While behavior class-encoding ensembles were spatially distributed, individual ensembles exhibited strong localization bias. Encoding models identified that behavior actions, but not motion-related variables, explained a large fraction of hypothalamic neuron activity variance. These results identify unexpected complexity in the hypothalamic encoding of instincts and provide a foundation for understanding the role of distributed neural representations in the expression of behaviors driven by hardwired circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Stagkourakis
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering 156-29, Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Neuroscience, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Giada Spigolon
- Biological Imaging Facility, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Markus Marks
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Michael Feyder
- Division of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305, USA
| | - Joseph Kim
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering 156-29, Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Neuroscience, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Pietro Perona
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Marius Pachitariu
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - David J. Anderson
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering 156-29, Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Neuroscience, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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17
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Mei L, Osakada T, Lin D. Hypothalamic control of innate social behaviors. Science 2023; 382:399-404. [PMID: 37883550 PMCID: PMC11105421 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh8489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Sexual, parental, and aggressive behaviors are central to the reproductive success of individuals and species survival and thus are supported by hardwired neural circuits. The reproductive behavior control column (RBCC), which comprises the medial preoptic nucleus (MPN), the ventrolateral part of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMHvl), and the ventral premammillary nucleus (PMv), is essential for all social behaviors. The RBCC integrates diverse hormonal and metabolic cues and adjusts an animal's physical activity, hence the chance of social encounters. The RBCC further engages the mesolimbic dopamine system to maintain social interest and reinforces cues and actions that are time-locked with social behaviors. We propose that the RBCC and brainstem form a dual-control system for generating moment-to-moment social actions. This Review summarizes recent progress regarding the identities of RBCC cells and their pathways that drive different aspects of social behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Mei
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Takuya Osakada
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Dayu Lin
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
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18
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Bai F, Huang L, Deng J, Long Z, Hao X, Chen P, Wu G, Wen H, Deng Q, Bao X, Huang J, Yang M, Li D, Ren Y, Zhang M, Xiong Y, Li H. Prelimbic area to lateral hypothalamus circuit drives social aggression. iScience 2023; 26:107718. [PMID: 37810230 PMCID: PMC10551839 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlling aggression is a vital skill in social species such as rodents and humans and has been associated with the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). In this study, we showed that during aggressive behavior, the activity of GABAergic neurons in the prelimbic area (PL) of the mPFC was significantly suppressed. Specific activation of GABAergic PL neurons significantly curbed male-to-male aggression and inhibited conditioned place preference (CPP) for aggression-paired contexts, whereas specific inhibition of GABAergic PL neurons brought about the opposite effect. Moreover, GABAergic projections from PL neurons to the lateral hypothalamus (LH) orexinergic neurons mediated aggressive behavior. Finally, directly modulated LH-orexinergic neurons influence aggressive behavior. These results suggest that GABAergic PL-orexinergic LH projection is an important control circuit for intermale aggressive behavior, both of which could be targets for curbing aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhai Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jiao Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Zonghong Long
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xianglin Hao
- Department of Pathology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Penghui Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Guangyan Wu
- Experimental Center of Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Huizhong Wen
- Department of Neurobiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qiangting Deng
- Editorial Office of Journal of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaohang Bao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Defeng Li
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yukun Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Neurobiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
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19
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Guo Z, Yin L, Diaz V, Dai B, Osakada T, Lischinsky JE, Chien J, Yamaguchi T, Urtecho A, Tong X, Chen ZS, Lin D. Neural dynamics in the limbic system during male social behaviors. Neuron 2023; 111:3288-3306.e4. [PMID: 37586365 PMCID: PMC10592239 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Sexual and aggressive behaviors are vital for species survival and individual reproductive success. Although many limbic regions have been found relevant to these behaviors, how social cues are represented across regions and how the network activity generates each behavior remains elusive. To answer these questions, we utilize multi-fiber photometry (MFP) to simultaneously record Ca2+ signals of estrogen receptor alpha (Esr1)-expressing cells from 13 limbic regions in male mice during mating and fighting. We find that conspecific sensory information and social action signals are widely distributed in the limbic system and can be decoded from the network activity. Cross-region correlation analysis reveals striking increases in the network functional connectivity during the social action initiation phase, whereas late copulation is accompanied by a "dissociated" network state. Based on the response patterns, we propose a mating-biased network (MBN) and an aggression-biased network (ABN) for mediating male sexual and aggressive behaviors, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Guo
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Luping Yin
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Veronica Diaz
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Bing Dai
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Takuya Osakada
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Julieta E Lischinsky
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jonathan Chien
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ashley Urtecho
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Tong
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Zhe S Chen
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY 11201, USA
| | - Dayu Lin
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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20
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Migliaro M, Ruiz-Contreras AE, Herrera-Solís A, Méndez-Díaz M, Prospéro-García OE. Endocannabinoid system and aggression across animal species. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105375. [PMID: 37643683 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
This narrative review article summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding the relationship between the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and aggression across multiple vertebrate species. Experimental evidence indicates that acute administration of phytocannabinoids, synthetic cannabinoids, and the pharmacological enhancement of endocannabinoid signaling decreases aggressive behavior in several animal models. However, research on the chronic effects of cannabinoids on animal aggression has yielded inconsistent findings, indicating a need for further investigation. Cannabinoid receptors, particularly cannabinoid receptor type 1, appear to be an important part of the endogenous mechanism involved in the dampening of aggressive behavior. Overall, this review underscores the importance of the ECS in regulating aggressive behavior and provides a foundation for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Migliaro
- Grupo de Neurociencias: Laboratorio de Cannabinoides, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Mexico.
| | - Alejandra E Ruiz-Contreras
- Grupo de Neurociencias: Laboratorio de Neurogenómica Cognitiva, Unidad de Investigación en Psicobiología y Neurociencias, Coordinación de Psicobiología y Neurociencias, Facultad de Psicología, UNAM, Mexico
| | - Andrea Herrera-Solís
- Grupo de Neurociencias: Laboratorio de Efectos Terapéuticos de los Cannabinoides, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico
| | - Mónica Méndez-Díaz
- Grupo de Neurociencias: Laboratorio de Cannabinoides, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Mexico
| | - Oscar E Prospéro-García
- Grupo de Neurociencias: Laboratorio de Cannabinoides, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Mexico
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21
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Cooper MA, Hooker MK, Whitten CJ, Kelly JR, Jenkins MS, Mahometano SC, Scarbrough MC. Dominance status modulates activity in medial amygdala cells with projections to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Behav Brain Res 2023; 453:114628. [PMID: 37579818 PMCID: PMC10496856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The medial amygdala (MeA) controls several types of social behavior via its projections to other limbic regions. Cells in the posterior dorsal and posterior ventral medial amygdala (MePD and MePV, respectively) project to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) and these pathways respond to chemosensory cues and regulate aggressive and defensive behavior. Because the BNST is also essential for the display of stress-induced anxiety, a MePD/MePV-BNST pathway may modulate both aggression and responses to stress. In this study we tested the hypothesis that dominant animals would show greater neural activity than subordinates in BNST-projecting MePD and MePV cells after winning a dominance encounter as well as after losing a social defeat encounter. We created dominance relationships in male and female Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus), used cholera toxin b (CTB) as a retrograde tracer to label BNST-projecting cells, and collected brains for c-Fos staining in the MePD and MePV. We found that c-Fos immunoreactivity in the MePD and MePV was positively associated with aggression in males, but not in females. Also, dominant males showed a greater proportion of c-Fos+ /CTB+ double-labeled cells compared to their same-sex subordinate counterparts. Another set of animals received social defeat stress after acquiring a dominant or subordinate social status and we stained for stress-induced c-Fos expression in the MePD and MePV. We found that dominant males showed a greater proportion of c-Fos+ /CTB+ double-labeled cells in the MePD after social defeat stress compared to subordinates. Also, dominants showed a longer latency to submit during social defeat than subordinates. Further, in males, latency to submit was positively associated with the proportion of c-Fos+ /CTB+ double-labeled cells in the MePD and MePV. These findings indicate that social dominance increases neural activity in BNST-projecting MePD and MePV cells and activity in this pathway is also associated with proactive responses during social defeat stress. In sum, activity in a MePD/MePV-BNST pathway contributes to status-dependent differences in stress coping responses and may underlie experience-dependent changes in stress resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Cooper
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee Knoxville, USA.
| | | | - Conner J Whitten
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee Knoxville, USA
| | - Jeff R Kelly
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee Knoxville, USA
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22
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Valtcheva S, Issa HA, Bair-Marshall CJ, Martin KA, Jung K, Zhang Y, Kwon HB, Froemke RC. Neural circuitry for maternal oxytocin release induced by infant cries. Nature 2023; 621:788-795. [PMID: 37730989 PMCID: PMC10639004 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06540-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin is a neuropeptide that is important for maternal physiology and childcare, including parturition and milk ejection during nursing1-6. Suckling triggers the release of oxytocin, but other sensory cues-specifically, infant cries-can increase the levels of oxytocin in new human mothers7, which indicates that cries can activate hypothalamic oxytocin neurons. Here we describe a neural circuit that routes auditory information about infant vocalizations to mouse oxytocin neurons. We performed in vivo electrophysiological recordings and photometry from identified oxytocin neurons in awake maternal mice that were presented with pup calls. We found that oxytocin neurons responded to pup vocalizations, but not to pure tones, through input from the posterior intralaminar thalamus, and that repetitive thalamic stimulation induced lasting disinhibition of oxytocin neurons. This circuit gates central oxytocin release and maternal behaviour in response to calls, providing a mechanism for the integration of sensory cues from the offspring in maternal endocrine networks to ensure modulation of brain state for efficient parenting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Valtcheva
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Habon A Issa
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chloe J Bair-Marshall
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathleen A Martin
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kanghoon Jung
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yiyao Zhang
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hyung-Bae Kwon
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert C Froemke
- Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
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23
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Qian T, Wang H, Wang P, Geng L, Mei L, Osakada T, Wang L, Tang Y, Kania A, Grinevich V, Stoop R, Lin D, Luo M, Li Y. A genetically encoded sensor measures temporal oxytocin release from different neuronal compartments. Nat Biotechnol 2023; 41:944-957. [PMID: 36593404 PMCID: PMC11182738 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01561-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT), a peptide hormone and neuromodulator, is involved in diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes in the central nervous system and the periphery. However, the regulation and functional sequences of spatial OT release in the brain remain poorly understood. We describe a genetically encoded G-protein-coupled receptor activation-based (GRAB) OT sensor called GRABOT1.0. In contrast to previous methods, GRABOT1.0 enables imaging of OT release ex vivo and in vivo with suitable sensitivity, specificity and spatiotemporal resolution. Using this sensor, we visualize stimulation-induced OT release from specific neuronal compartments in mouse brain slices and discover that N-type calcium channels predominantly mediate axonal OT release, whereas L-type calcium channels mediate somatodendritic OT release. We identify differences in the fusion machinery of OT release for axon terminals versus somata and dendrites. Finally, we measure OT dynamics in various brain regions in mice during male courtship behavior. Thus, GRABOT1.0 provides insights into the role of compartmental OT release in physiological and behavioral functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongrui Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Medical Center for Human Reproduction, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Long Mei
- Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Takuya Osakada
- Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital Center (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alan Kania
- Department of Neuropeptide Research in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Valery Grinevich
- Department of Neuropeptide Research in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ron Stoop
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital Center (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dayu Lin
- Neuroscience Institute, Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Minmin Luo
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research (TIMBR), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China.
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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24
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Fu CW, Huang CH, Tong SK, Chu CY, Chou MY. Nicotine reduces social dominance and neutralizes experience-dependent effects during social conflicts in zebrafish (Danio rerio). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 894:164876. [PMID: 37343866 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Nicotine, a psychoactive pollutant, binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and disrupts the cholinergic modulation and reward systems of the brain, leading to attention deficit, memory loss, and addiction. However, whether nicotine affects social behaviors remains unknown. We assessed the effects of nicotine on the fighting behavior of zebrafish. Adult zebrafish treated with 5 μM nicotine were used in dyadic fighting tests with size-matched control siblings. The results indicate that nicotine treatment not only significantly reduced the likelihood of winning but also impaired the winner-loser effects (winner and loser fish did not show higher winning and losing tendencies in the second fight, respectively, after treatment.) Nicotine led to a considerable increase in c-fos-positive signals in the interpeduncular nucleus (IPN) of the brain, indicating that nicotine induces neural activity in the habenula (Hb)-IPN circuit. We used transgenic fish in which the Hb-IPN circuit was silenced to verify whether nicotine impaired the winner-loser effect through the Hb-IPN pathway. Nicotine-treated fish in which the medial part of the dorsal Hb was silenced did not have a higher winning rate, and nicotine-treated fish in which the lateral part of the dorsal Hb was silenced did not have a higher loss rate. This finding suggests that nicotine impairs the winner-loser effect by modulating the Hb-IPN circuit. Therefore, in these zebrafish, nicotine exposure impaired social dominance and neutralized experience-dependent effects in social conflicts, and it may thereby disturb the social hierarchy and population stability of such fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wei Fu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | | | - Sok-Keng Tong
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ying Chu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Chou
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.
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25
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Casula A, Milazzo BM, Martino G, Sergi A, Lucifora C, Tomaiuolo F, Quartarone A, Nitsche MA, Vicario CM. Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation for the Modulation of Aggressive Behavior-A Systematic Review of Randomized Sham-Controlled Studies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051220. [PMID: 37240865 DOI: 10.3390/life13051220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRO Aggressive behavior represents a significant public health issue, with relevant social, political, and security implications. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques may modulate aggressive behavior through stimulation of the prefrontal cortex. AIMS To review research on the effectiveness of NIBS to alter aggression, discuss the main findings and potential limitations, consider the specifics of the techniques and protocols employed, and discuss clinical implications. METHODS A systematic review of the literature available in the PubMed database was carried out, and 17 randomized sham-controlled studies investigating the effectiveness of NIBS techniques on aggression were included. Exclusion criteria included reviews, meta-analyses, and articles not referring to the subject of interest or not addressing cognitive and emotional modulation aims. CONCLUSIONS The reviewed data provide promising evidence for the beneficial effects of tDCS, conventional rTMS, and cTBS on aggression in healthy adults, forensic, and clinical samples. The specific stimulation target is a key factor for the success of stimulation on aggression modulation. rTMS and cTBS showed opposite effects on aggression compared with tDCS. However, due to the heterogeneity of stimulation protocols, experimental designs, and samples, we cannot exclude other factors that may play a confounding role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony Casula
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cognitive, Psicologiche, Pedagogiche e Degli Studi Culturali, Università di Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy
| | - Bianca M Milazzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cognitive, Psicologiche, Pedagogiche e Degli Studi Culturali, Università di Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy
| | - Gabriella Martino
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Clinica Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Messina, A.O.U. "G. Martino", Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sergi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Chiara Lucifora
- Dipartimento di Filosofia e Comunicazione, Università di Bologna, 40131 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Tomaiuolo
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Clinica Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Messina, A.O.U. "G. Martino", Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | | | - Michael A Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- University Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and University Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, University Hospital OWL, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Carmelo M Vicario
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cognitive, Psicologiche, Pedagogiche e Degli Studi Culturali, Università di Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy
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26
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Wei D, Osakada T, Guo Z, Yamaguchi T, Varshneya A, Yan R, Jiang Y, Lin D. A hypothalamic pathway that suppresses aggression toward superior opponents. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:774-787. [PMID: 37037956 PMCID: PMC11101994 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01297-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Aggression is costly and requires tight regulation. Here we identify the projection from estrogen receptor alpha-expressing cells in the caudal part of the medial preoptic area (cMPOAEsr1) to the ventrolateral part of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMHvl) as an essential pathway for modulating aggression in male mice. cMPOAEsr1 cells increase activity mainly during male-male interaction, which differs from the female-biased response pattern of rostral MPOAEsr1 (rMPOAEsr1) cells. Notably, cMPOAEsr1 cell responses to male opponents correlated with the opponents' fighting capability, which mice could estimate based on physical traits or learn through physical combats. Inactivating the cMPOAEsr1-VMHvl pathway increased aggression, whereas activating the pathway suppressed natural intermale aggression. Thus, cMPOAEsr1 is a key population for encoding opponents' fighting capability-information that could be used to prevent animals from engaging in disadvantageous conflicts with superior opponents by suppressing the activity of VMHvl cells essential for attack behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyu Wei
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Takuya Osakada
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhichao Guo
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Avni Varshneya
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rongzhen Yan
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yiwen Jiang
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dayu Lin
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
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27
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Pan Y, Mou Q, Huang Z, Chen S, Shi Y, Ye M, Shao M, Wang Z. Chronic social defeat alters behaviors and neuronal activation in the brain of female Mongolian gerbils. Behav Brain Res 2023; 448:114456. [PMID: 37116662 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Chronic social defeat has been found to be stressful and to affect many aspects of the brain and behaviors in males. However, relatively little is known about its effects on females. In the present study, we examined the effects of repeated social defeat on social approach and anxiety-like behaviors as well as the neuronal activation in the brain of sexually naïve female Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). Our data indicate that repeated social defeats for 20 days reduced social approach and social investigation, but increased risk assessment or vigilance to an unfamiliar conspecific. Such social defeat experience also increased anxiety-like behavior and reduced locomotor activity. Using ΔFosB-immunoreactive (ΔFosB-ir) staining as a marker of neuronal activation in the brain, we found significant elevations by social defeat experience in the density of ΔFosB-ir stained neurons in several brain regions, including the prelimbic (PL) and infralimbic (IL) subnuclei of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), CA1 subfields (CA1) of the hippocampus, central subnuclei of the amygdala (CeA), the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), dorsomedial nucleus (DMH), and ventrolateral subdivision of the ventromedial nucleus (VMHvl) of the hypothalamus. As these brain regions have been implicated in social behaviors and stress responses, our data suggest that the specific patterns of neuronal activation in the brain may relate to the altered social and anxiety-like behaviors following chronic social defeat in female Mongolian gerbils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China.
| | - Qiuyue Mou
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Zhexue Huang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Senyao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Yilei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Mengfan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Mingqin Shao
- College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330022, China
| | - Zuoxin Wang
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
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28
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Potegal M, Nordman JC. Non-angry aggressive arousal and angriffsberietschaft: A narrative review of the phenomenology and physiology of proactive/offensive aggression motivation and escalation in people and other animals. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 147:105110. [PMID: 36822384 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Human aggression typologies largely correspond with those for other animals. While there may be no non-human equivalent of angry reactive aggression, we propose that human proactive aggression is similar to offense in other animals' dominance contests for territory or social status. Like predation/hunting, but unlike defense, offense and proactive aggression are positively reinforcing, involving dopamine release in accumbens. The drive these motivational states provide must suffice to overcome fear associated with initiating risky fights. We term the neural activity motivating proactive aggression "non-angry aggressive arousal", but use "angriffsberietschaft" for offense motivation in other animals to acknowledge possible differences. Temporal variation in angriffsberietschaft partitions fights into bouts; engendering reduced anti-predator vigilance, redirected aggression and motivational over-ride. Increased aggressive arousal drives threat-to-attack transitions, as in verbal-to-physical escalation and beyond that, into hyper-aggression. Proactive aggression and offense involve related neural activity states. Cingulate, insular and prefrontal cortices energize/modulate aggression through a subcortical core containing subnuclei for each aggression type. These proposals will deepen understanding of aggression across taxa, guiding prevention/intervention for human violence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob C Nordman
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, USA.
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29
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Fritz M, Soravia SM, Dudeck M, Malli L, Fakhoury M. Neurobiology of Aggression-Review of Recent Findings and Relationship with Alcohol and Trauma. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030469. [PMID: 36979161 PMCID: PMC10044835 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Aggression can be conceptualized as any behavior, physical or verbal, that involves attacking another person or animal with the intent of causing harm, pain or injury. Because of its high prevalence worldwide, aggression has remained a central clinical and public safety issue. Aggression can be caused by several risk factors, including biological and psychological, such as genetics and mental health disorders, and socioeconomic such as education, employment, financial status, and neighborhood. Research over the past few decades has also proposed a link between alcohol consumption and aggressive behaviors. Alcohol consumption can escalate aggressive behavior in humans, often leading to domestic violence or serious crimes. Converging lines of evidence have also shown that trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) could have a tremendous impact on behavior associated with both alcohol use problems and violence. However, although the link between trauma, alcohol, and aggression is well documented, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms and their impact on behavior have not been properly discussed. This article provides an overview of recent advances in understanding the translational neurobiological basis of aggression and its intricate links to alcoholism and trauma, focusing on behavior. It does so by shedding light from several perspectives, including in vivo imaging, genes, receptors, and neurotransmitters and their influence on human and animal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fritz
- School of Health and Social Sciences, AKAD University of Applied Sciences, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, BKH Günzburg, Lindenallee 2, 89312 Günzburg, Germany
| | - Sarah-Maria Soravia
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, BKH Günzburg, Lindenallee 2, 89312 Günzburg, Germany
| | - Manuela Dudeck
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, BKH Günzburg, Lindenallee 2, 89312 Günzburg, Germany
| | - Layal Malli
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut P.O. Box 13-5053, Lebanon
| | - Marc Fakhoury
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut P.O. Box 13-5053, Lebanon
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30
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Increased sympathetic outflow induced by emotional stress aggravates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via activation of TLR7/MyD88/IRF5 signaling pathway. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:901-913. [PMID: 36933018 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Emotional stress substantially increases the risk of ischemic cardiovascular diseases. Previous study indicates that sympathetic outflow is increased under emotional stress. We aim to investigate the role of increased sympathetic outflow induced by emotional stress in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS We used Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs technique to activate the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH), a critical emotion-related nucleus. The results revealed that emotional stress stimulated by VMH activation increased sympathetic outflow, enhanced blood pressure, aggravated myocardial I/R injury, and exacerbated infarct size. The RNA-seq and molecular detection demonstrated that toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5), and downstream inflammatory markers in cardiomyocytes were significantly upregulated. Emotional stress-induced sympathetic outflow further exacerbated the disorder of the TLR7/MyD88/IRF5 inflammatory signaling pathway. While inhibition of the signaling pathway partially alleviated myocardial I/R injury aggravated by emotional stress-induced sympathetic outflow. CONCLUSION Increased sympathetic outflow induced by emotional stress activates TLR7/MyD88/IRF5 signaling pathway, ultimately aggravating I/R injury.
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31
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Lin D. To see is to experience: Aggression neurons light up when witnessing a fight. Cell 2023; 186:1099-1100. [PMID: 36863338 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Fighting is an intense experience not only for the executors but also for the observers. In the current issue of Cell, Yang et al. identified hypothalamic aggression mirror neurons, activated during both physical fighting and witnessing a fight, possibly representing a neural mechanism for understanding social experiences in other minds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayu Lin
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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32
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Yang T, Bayless DW, Wei Y, Landayan D, Marcelo IM, Wang Y, DeNardo LA, Luo L, Druckmann S, Shah NM. Hypothalamic neurons that mirror aggression. Cell 2023; 186:1195-1211.e19. [PMID: 36796363 PMCID: PMC10081867 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Social interactions require awareness and understanding of the behavior of others. Mirror neurons, cells representing an action by self and others, have been proposed to be integral to the cognitive substrates that enable such awareness and understanding. Mirror neurons of the primate neocortex represent skilled motor tasks, but it is unclear if they are critical for the actions they embody, enable social behaviors, or exist in non-cortical regions. We demonstrate that the activity of individual VMHvlPR neurons in the mouse hypothalamus represents aggression performed by self and others. We used a genetically encoded mirror-TRAP strategy to functionally interrogate these aggression-mirroring neurons. We find that their activity is essential for fighting and that forced activation of these cells triggers aggressive displays by mice, even toward their mirror image. Together, we have discovered a mirroring center in an evolutionarily ancient region that provides a subcortical cognitive substrate essential for a social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehong Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Daniel W Bayless
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yichao Wei
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Dan Landayan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ivo M Marcelo
- Champalimaud Neuroscience Program, Champalimaud Center for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yangpeng Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Laura A DeNardo
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Liqun Luo
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Shaul Druckmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nirao M Shah
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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33
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Nair A, Karigo T, Yang B, Ganguli S, Schnitzer MJ, Linderman SW, Anderson DJ, Kennedy A. An approximate line attractor in the hypothalamus encodes an aggressive state. Cell 2023; 186:178-193.e15. [PMID: 36608653 PMCID: PMC9990527 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The hypothalamus regulates innate social behaviors, including mating and aggression. These behaviors can be evoked by optogenetic stimulation of specific neuronal subpopulations within MPOA and VMHvl, respectively. Here, we perform dynamical systems modeling of population neuronal activity in these nuclei during social behaviors. In VMHvl, unsupervised analysis identified a dominant dimension of neural activity with a large time constant (>50 s), generating an approximate line attractor in neural state space. Progression of the neural trajectory along this attractor was correlated with an escalation of agonistic behavior, suggesting that it may encode a scalable state of aggressiveness. Consistent with this, individual differences in the magnitude of the integration dimension time constant were strongly correlated with differences in aggressiveness. In contrast, approximate line attractors were not observed in MPOA during mating; instead, neurons with fast dynamics were tuned to specific actions. Thus, different hypothalamic nuclei employ distinct neural population codes to represent similar social behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Nair
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Neuroscience, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Tomomi Karigo
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Neuroscience, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Bin Yang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Neuroscience, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Surya Ganguli
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mark J Schnitzer
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Scott W Linderman
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David J Anderson
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Neuroscience, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
| | - Ann Kennedy
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Tianqiao and Chrissy Chen Institute for Neuroscience, Caltech, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago IL 60611, USA.
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StepjanoviĆ D, Hall W, Leung J. Illicit drug use and violence. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2023; 197:121-145. [PMID: 37633705 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-821375-9.00010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
This chapter reviews evidence on the relationship between illicit drug use and violence, specifically cannabis, stimulant drugs, and opioids. It summarizes findings of systematic reviews of evidence on cannabis, stimulant drugs, and opioids. It also examines evidence from epidemiological studies of drug use among violent offenders and of violence among persons who use drugs, intervention studies, animal studies, human laboratory studies, and human neuroimaging studies. More studies have examined cannabis because of its higher prevalence of use. There is an association between cannabis use and violence, suggestive evidence of a dose-response relationship between the frequency of cannabis use and violence, and a stronger association in persons with psychoses. There is similar emerging evidence on stimulant use and violence, but evidence on opioids is very limited. There is limited and mixed evidence from intervention studies that reducing drug use reduces violence. Animal and human studies provide potential biological explanations for these associations. The association between cannabis use and violence is most consistent but limited by study heterogeneity and lack of control for potential confounders. It is unclear whether these associations are causal or reflect reverse causation or the effects of confounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel StepjanoviĆ
- National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Wayne Hall
- National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
| | - Janni Leung
- National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
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Urocortin-3 neurons in the perifornical area are critical mediators of chronic stress on female infant-directed behavior. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:483-496. [PMID: 36476733 PMCID: PMC9847478 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01902-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Infant avoidance and aggression are promoted by activation of the Urocortin-3 expressing neurons of the perifornical area of hypothalamus (PeFAUcn3) in male and female mice. PeFAUcn3 neurons have been implicated in stress, and stress is known to reduce maternal behavior. We asked how chronic restraint stress (CRS) affects infant-directed behavior in virgin and lactating females and what role PeFAUcn3 neurons play in this process. Here we show that infant-directed behavior increases activity in the PeFAUcn3 neurons in virgin and lactating females. Chemogenetic inhibition of PeFAUcn3 neurons facilitates pup retrieval in virgin females. CRS reduces pup retrieval in virgin females and increases activity of PeFAUcn3 neurons, while CRS does not affect maternal behavior in lactating females. Inhibition of PeFAUcn3 neurons blocks stress-induced deficits in pup-directed behavior in virgin females. Together, these data illustrate the critical role for PeFAUcn3 neuronal activity in mediating the impact of chronic stress on female infant-directed behavior.
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Miczek KA, Akdilek N, Ferreira VMM, Leonard MZ, Marinelli LR, Covington HE. To fight or not to fight: activation of the mPFC during decision to engage in aggressive behavior after ethanol consumption in a novel murine model. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:3249-3261. [PMID: 35951078 PMCID: PMC9481716 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06208-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Alcohol consumption is a common antecedent of aggressive behavior. The effects of alcohol on the decision to engage in aggression in preference over pro-social interaction are hypothesized to arise from augmented function within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). OBJECTIVE In a newly developed procedure, we studied social decision-making in male C57BL/6 J mice based on preferentially seeking access to either sociosexual interactions with a female partner or the opportunity to attack an intruder male. While deciding to engage in aggressive vs. sociosexual behavior, corresponding neural activation was assessed via c-Fos immunoreactivity in cortical, amygdaloid and tegmental regions of interest. A further objective was to investigate how self-administered alcohol impacted social choice. METHODS During repeated confrontations with an intruder male in their home cage, experimental mice engaged in species-specific sequence of pursuit, threat, and attack behavior within < 2 min. Mice were then conditioned to respond at one of two separate illuminated operanda in an experimental chamber (octagon) attached to their home cage; completion of 10 responses (fixed ratio 10; FR10) was reinforced by access to either a female or a male intruder which were presented in the resident's home cage. Brains were harvested following choice between the concurrently available aggressive and sociosexual options and processed for c-Fos immunoreactivity across 10 brain regions. In two separate groups, mice were trained to rapidly self-administer ethanol prior to a social choice trial in order to examine the effects of alcohol on social choice, sociosexual, aggressive acts and postures, and concurrent c-Fos activity in the mPFC and limbic regions. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Eight out of 65 mice consistently chose to engage in aggressive behavior in preference to sociosexual contact with a female when each outcome was concurrently available. Self-administered alcohol (experiment 1: 1.2 ± 0.02 g/kg; experiment 2: 0, 1.0, 1.5, and 1.8 g/kg) increased responding for the aggressive option in mice that previously opted predominantly for access to sociosexual interactions with the female. When choosing the aggressive, but not the sociosexual option, the prelimbic area of the mPFC revealed increased c-Fos activity, guiding future detailed inquiry into the neural mechanisms for aggressive choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus A Miczek
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MB, 02155, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - Naz Akdilek
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MB, 02155, USA
| | - Vania M M Ferreira
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MB, 02155, USA
- Universidade de Brasilea, Instituto de Psicologia, Brasilia, Brazil
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Yin L, Hashikawa K, Hashikawa Y, Osakada T, Lischinsky JE, Diaz V, Lin D. VMHvll Cckar cells dynamically control female sexual behaviors over the reproductive cycle. Neuron 2022; 110:3000-3017.e8. [PMID: 35896109 PMCID: PMC9509472 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Sexual behavior is fundamental for the survival of mammalian species and thus supported by dedicated neural substrates. The ventrolateral part of ventromedial hypothalamus (VMHvl) is an essential locus for controlling female sexual behaviors, but recent studies revealed the molecular complexity and functional heterogeneity of VMHvl cells. Here, we identify the cholecystokinin A receptor (Cckar)-expressing cells in the lateral VMHvl (VMHvllCckar) as the key controllers of female sexual behaviors. The inactivation of VMHvllCckar cells in female mice diminishes their interest in males and sexual receptivity, whereas activating these cells has the opposite effects. Female sexual behaviors vary drastically over the reproductive cycle. In vivo recordings reveal reproductive-state-dependent changes in VMHvllCckar cell spontaneous activity and responsivity, with the highest activity occurring during estrus. These in vivo response changes coincide with robust alternation in VMHvllCckar cell excitability and synaptic inputs. Altogether, VMHvllCckar cells represent a key neural population dynamically controlling female sexual behaviors over the reproductive cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Yin
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Koichi Hashikawa
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yoshiko Hashikawa
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Takuya Osakada
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Julieta E Lischinsky
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Veronica Diaz
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Dayu Lin
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Padilla-Coreano N, Tye KM, Zelikowsky M. Dynamic influences on the neural encoding of social valence. Nat Rev Neurosci 2022; 23:535-550. [PMID: 35831442 PMCID: PMC9997616 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-022-00609-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Social signals can serve as potent emotional triggers with powerful impacts on processes from cognition to valence processing. How are social signals dynamically and flexibly associated with positive or negative valence? How do our past social experiences and present social standing shape our motivation to seek or avoid social contact? We discuss a model in which social attributes, social history, social memory, social rank and social isolation can flexibly influence valence assignment to social stimuli, termed here as 'social valence'. We emphasize how the brain encodes each of these four factors and highlight the neural circuits and mechanisms that play a part in the perception of social attributes, social memory and social rank, as well as how these factors affect valence systems associated with social stimuli. We highlight the impact of social isolation, dissecting the neural and behavioural mechanisms that mediate the effects of acute versus prolonged periods of social isolation. Importantly, we discuss conceptual models that may account for the potential shift in valence of social stimuli from positive to negative as the period of isolation extends in time. Collectively, this Review identifies factors that control the formation and attribution of social valence - integrating diverse areas of research and emphasizing their unique contributions to the categorization of social stimuli as positive or negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Padilla-Coreano
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kay M Tye
- HHMI-Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Moriel Zelikowsky
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Aubry AV, Joseph Burnett C, Goodwin NL, Li L, Navarrete J, Zhang Y, Tsai V, Durand-de Cuttoli R, Golden SA, Russo SJ. Sex differences in appetitive and reactive aggression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:1746-1754. [PMID: 35810200 PMCID: PMC9372130 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01375-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Aggression is an evolutionarily conserved, adaptive component of social behavior. Studies in male mice illustrate that aggression is influenced by numerous factors including the degree to which an individual finds aggression rewarding and will work for access to attack and subordinate mice. While such studies have expanded our understanding of the molecular and circuit mechanisms of male aggression very little is known about female aggression, within these established contexts. Here we use an ethologically relevant model of male vs. female aggression by pair housing adult male and female outbred CFW mice with opposite sex cage mates. We assess reactive (defensive) aggression in the resident intruder (RI) test and appetitive (rewarding) aggression in the aggression conditioned place preference (CPP) and operant self-administration (SA) tests. Our results show dramatic sex differences in both qualitative and quantitative aspects of reactive vs. appetitive aggression. Males exhibit more wrestling and less investigative behavior during RI, find aggression rewarding, and will work for access to a subordinate to attack. Females exhibit more bites, alternate between aggressive behaviors and investigative behaviors more readily during RI, however, they do not find aggression to be rewarding or reinforcing. These results establish sex differences in aggression in mice, providing an important resource for the field to better understand the circuit and molecular mechanisms of aggression in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio V Aubry
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Brain-Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - C Joseph Burnett
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Brain-Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nastacia L Goodwin
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Long Li
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Brain-Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jovana Navarrete
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yizhe Zhang
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Valerie Tsai
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Romain Durand-de Cuttoli
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Brain-Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sam A Golden
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Center of Excellence in Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion (NAPE), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Scott J Russo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Brain-Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Bohne P, Volkmann A, Schwarz MK, Mark MD. Deletion of the P/Q-Type Calcium Channel from Serotonergic Neurons Drives Male Aggression in Mice. J Neurosci 2022; 42:6637-6653. [PMID: 35853721 PMCID: PMC9410759 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0204-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggressive behavior is one of the most conserved social interactions in nature and serves as a crucial evolutionary trait. Serotonin (5-HT) plays a key role in the regulation of our emotions, such as anxiety and aggression, but which molecules and mechanisms in the serotonergic system are involved in violent behavior are still unknown. In this study, we show that deletion of the P/Q-type calcium channel selectively from serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nuclei (DRN) augments aggressive behavior in male mice, while anxiety is not affected. These mice demonstrated increased induction of the immediate early gene c-fos and in vivo serotonergic firing activity in the DRN. The ventrolateral part of the ventromedial hypothalamus is also a prominent region of the brain mediating aggression. We confirmed a monosynaptic projection from the DRN to the ventrolateral part of the ventromedial hypothalamus, and silencing these projections with an inhibitory designer receptor exclusively activated by a designer drug effectively reduced aggressive behavior. Overall, our findings show that deletion of the P/Q-type calcium channel from DRN neurons is sufficient to induce male aggression in mice and regulating its activity may serve as a therapeutic approach to treat violent behavior.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In this study, we show that P/Q-type calcium channel is mediating aggression in serotonergic neurons from the dorsal raphe nucleus via monosynaptic projections to the ventrolateral part of the ventromedial hypothalamus. More importantly, silencing these projections reduced aggressive behavior in mice and may serve as a therapeutic approach for treating aggression in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Bohne
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, D-44780, Germany
| | - Achim Volkmann
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, D-44780, Germany
| | - Martin K Schwarz
- Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University of Bonn Medical School, Bonn, D-53127, Germany
| | - Melanie D Mark
- Behavioral Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, D-44780, Germany
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41
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Dai B, Sun F, Tong X, Ding Y, Kuang A, Osakada T, Li Y, Lin D. Responses and functions of dopamine in nucleus accumbens core during social behaviors. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111246. [PMID: 36001967 PMCID: PMC9511885 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Social behaviors are among the most important motivated behaviors. How dopamine (DA), a "reward" signal, releases during social behaviors has been a topic of interest for decades. Here, we use a genetically encoded DA sensor, GRABDA2m, to record DA activity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) core during various social behaviors in male and female mice. We find that DA releases during approach, investigation and consummation phases of social behaviors signal animals' motivation, familiarity of the social target, and valence of the experience, respectively. Positive and negative social experiences evoke opposite DA patterns. Furthermore, DA releases during mating and fighting are sexually dimorphic with a higher level in males than in females. At the functional level, increasing DA in NAc enhances social interest toward a familiar conspecific and alleviates defeat-induced social avoidance. Altogether, our results reveal complex information encoded by NAc DA activity during social behaviors and their multistage functional roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Dai
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Fangmiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tong
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yizhuo Ding
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amy Kuang
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Takuya Osakada
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dayu Lin
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
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42
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Flavell SW, Gogolla N, Lovett-Barron M, Zelikowsky M. The emergence and influence of internal states. Neuron 2022; 110:2545-2570. [PMID: 35643077 PMCID: PMC9391310 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Animal behavior is shaped by a variety of "internal states"-partially hidden variables that profoundly shape perception, cognition, and action. The neural basis of internal states, such as fear, arousal, hunger, motivation, aggression, and many others, is a prominent focus of research efforts across animal phyla. Internal states can be inferred from changes in behavior, physiology, and neural dynamics and are characterized by properties such as pleiotropy, persistence, scalability, generalizability, and valence. To date, it remains unclear how internal states and their properties are generated by nervous systems. Here, we review recent progress, which has been driven by advances in behavioral quantification, cellular manipulations, and neural population recordings. We synthesize research implicating defined subsets of state-inducing cell types, widespread changes in neural activity, and neuromodulation in the formation and updating of internal states. In addition to highlighting the significance of these findings, our review advocates for new approaches to clarify the underpinnings of internal brain states across the animal kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven W Flavell
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Nadine Gogolla
- Emotion Research Department, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany; Circuits for Emotion Research Group, Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Matthew Lovett-Barron
- Division of Biological Sciences-Neurobiology Section, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Moriel Zelikowsky
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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43
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Kietzman HW, Trinoskey-Rice G, Blumenthal SA, Guo JD, Gourley SL. Social incentivization of instrumental choice in mice requires amygdala-prelimbic cortex-nucleus accumbens connectivity. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4768. [PMID: 35970891 PMCID: PMC9378688 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32388-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Social experiences influence decision making, including decision making lacking explicit social content, yet mechanistic factors are unclear. We developed a new procedure, social incentivization of future choice (SIFC). Female mice are trained to nose poke for equally-preferred foods, then one food is paired with a novel conspecific, and the other with a novel object. Mice later respond more for the conspecific-associated food. Thus, prior social experience incentivizes later instrumental choice. SIFC is pervasive, occurring following multiple types of social experiences, and is not attributable to warmth or olfactory cues alone. SIFC requires the prelimbic prefrontal cortex (PL), but not the neighboring orbitofrontal cortex. Further, inputs from the basolateral amygdala to the PL and outputs to the nucleus accumbens are necessary for SIFC, but not memory for a conspecific. Basolateral amygdala→PL connections may signal the salience of social information, leading to the prioritization of coincident rewards via PL→nucleus accumbens outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry W Kietzman
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gracy Trinoskey-Rice
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarah A Blumenthal
- Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jidong D Guo
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shannon L Gourley
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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44
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Kennedy A. The what, how, and why of naturalistic behavior. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 74:102549. [DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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45
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Schwark RW, Fuxjager MJ, Schmidt MF. Proposing a neural framework for the evolution of elaborate courtship displays. eLife 2022; 11:e74860. [PMID: 35639093 PMCID: PMC9154748 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In many vertebrates, courtship occurs through the performance of elaborate behavioral displays that are as spectacular as they are complex. The question of how sexual selection acts upon these animals' neuromuscular systems to transform a repertoire of pre-existing movements into such remarkable (if not unusual) display routines has received relatively little research attention. This is a surprising gap in knowledge, given that unraveling this extraordinary process is central to understanding the evolution of behavioral diversity and its neural control. In many vertebrates, courtship displays often push the limits of neuromuscular performance, and often in a ritualized manner. These displays can range from songs that require rapid switching between two independently controlled 'voice boxes' to precisely choreographed acrobatics. Here, we propose a framework for thinking about how the brain might not only control these displays, but also shape their evolution. Our framework focuses specifically on a major midbrain area, which we view as a likely important node in the orchestration of the complex neural control of behavior used in the courtship process. This area is the periaqueductal grey (PAG), as studies suggest that it is both necessary and sufficient for the production of many instinctive survival behaviors, including courtship vocalizations. Thus, we speculate about why the PAG, as well as its key inputs, might serve as targets of sexual selection for display behavior. In doing so, we attempt to combine core ideas about the neural control of behavior with principles of display evolution. Our intent is to spur research in this area and bring together neurobiologists and behavioral ecologists to more fully understand the role that the brain might play in behavioral innovation and diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W Schwark
- Department of Biology, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Matthew J Fuxjager
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
| | - Marc F Schmidt
- Department of Biology, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Neuroscience Graduate Group, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
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Itakura T, Murata K, Miyamichi K, Ishii KK, Yoshihara Y, Touhara K. A single vomeronasal receptor promotes intermale aggression through dedicated hypothalamic neurons. Neuron 2022; 110:2455-2469.e8. [PMID: 35654036 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The pheromonal information received by the vomeronasal system plays a crucial role in regulating social behaviors such as aggression in mice. Despite accumulating knowledge of the brain regions involved in aggression, the specific vomeronasal receptors and the exact neural circuits responsible for pheromone-mediated aggression remain unknown. Here, we identified one murine vomeronasal receptor, Vmn2r53, that is activated by urine from males of various strains and is responsible for evoking intermale aggression. We prepared a purified pheromonal fraction and Vmn2r53 knockout mice and applied genetic tools for neuronal activity recording, manipulation, and circuit tracing to decipher the neural mechanisms underlying Vmn2r53-mediated aggression. We found that Vmn2r53-mediated aggression is regulated by specific neuronal populations in the ventral premammillary nucleus and the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. Together, our results shed light on the hypothalamic regulation of male aggression mediated by a single vomeronasal receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Itakura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ken Murata
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kazunari Miyamichi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kentaro K Ishii
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yoshihara
- Laboratory for Systems Molecular Ethology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kazushige Touhara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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47
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Flanigan ME, Kash TL. Coordination of social behaviors by the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 55:2404-2420. [PMID: 33006806 PMCID: PMC9906816 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is a sexually dimorphic, neuropeptide-rich node of the extended amygdala that has been implicated in responses to stress, drugs of abuse, and natural rewards. Its function is dysregulated in neuropsychiatric disorders that are characterized by stress- or drug-induced alterations in mood, arousal, motivation, and social behavior. However, compared to the BNST's role in mood, arousal, and motivation, its role in social behavior has remained relatively understudied. Moreover, the precise cell types and circuits underlying the BNST's role in social behavior have only recently begun to be explored using modern neuroscience techniques. Here, we systematically review the existing literature investigating the neurobiological substrates within the BNST that contribute to the coordination of various sex-dependent and sex-independent social behavioral repertoires, focusing largely on pharmacological and circuit-based behavioral studies in rodents. We suggest that the BNST coordinates social behavior by promoting appropriate assessment of social contexts to select relevant behavioral outputs and that disruption of socially relevant BNST systems by stress and drugs of abuse may be an important factor in the development of social dysfunction in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan E. Flanigan
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Thomas L. Kash
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC,Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC,Correspondence: Thomas L. Kash, John R. Andrews Distinguished Professor, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA, , (919) 843-7867
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48
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Neural mechanisms of persistent aggression. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 73:102526. [PMID: 35344844 PMCID: PMC9167772 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
While aggression is often conceptualized as a highly stereotyped, innate behavior, individuals within a species exhibit a surprising amount of variability in the frequency, intensity, and targets of their aggression. While differences in genetics are a source of some of this variation across individuals (estimates place the heritability of behavior at around 25-30%), a critical driver of variability is previous life experience. A wide variety of social experiences, including sexual, parental, and housing experiences can facilitate "persistent" aggressive states, suggesting that these experiences engage a common set of synaptic and molecular mechanisms that act on dedicated neural circuits for aggression. It has long been known that sex steroid hormones are powerful modulators of behavior, and also, that levels of these hormones are themselves modulated by experience. Several recent studies have started to unravel how experience-dependent hormonal changes during adulthood can create a cascade of molecular, synaptic, and circuit changes that enable behavioral persistence through circuit level remodeling. Here, we propose that sex steroid hormones facilitate persistent aggressive states by changing the relationship between neural activity and an aggression "threshold".
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49
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Mirzayi P, Shobeiri P, Kalantari A, Perry G, Rezaei N. Optogenetics: implications for Alzheimer's disease research and therapy. Mol Brain 2022; 15:20. [PMID: 35197102 PMCID: PMC8867657 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-022-00905-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a critical neurodegenerative condition, has a wide range of effects on brain activity. Synaptic plasticity and neuronal circuits are the most vulnerable in Alzheimer’s disease, but the exact mechanism is unknown. Incorporating optogenetics into the study of AD has resulted in a significant leap in this field during the last decades, kicking off a revolution in our knowledge of the networks that underpin cognitive functions. In Alzheimer's disease, optogenetics can help to reduce and reverse neural circuit and memory impairments. Here we review how optogenetically driven methods have helped expand our knowledge of Alzheimer's disease, and how optogenetic interventions hint at a future translation into therapeutic possibilities for further utilization in clinical settings. In conclusion, neuroscience has witnessed one of its largest revolutions following the introduction of optogenetics into the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parsa Mirzayi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Children's Medical Center Hospital, Dr. Qarib St., Keshavarz Blvd, 14194, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Parnian Shobeiri
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Children's Medical Center Hospital, Dr. Qarib St., Keshavarz Blvd, 14194, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirali Kalantari
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Children's Medical Center Hospital, Dr. Qarib St., Keshavarz Blvd, 14194, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - George Perry
- Department of Biology and Neurosciences Institute, University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran. .,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Dr. Gharib St, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran.
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50
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Knoedler JR, Inoue S, Bayless DW, Yang T, Tantry A, Davis CH, Leung NY, Parthasarathy S, Wang G, Alvarado M, Rizvi AH, Fenno LE, Ramakrishnan C, Deisseroth K, Shah NM. A functional cellular framework for sex and estrous cycle-dependent gene expression and behavior. Cell 2022; 185:654-671.e22. [PMID: 35065713 PMCID: PMC8956134 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Sex hormones exert a profound influence on gendered behaviors. How individual sex hormone-responsive neuronal populations regulate diverse sex-typical behaviors is unclear. We performed orthogonal, genetically targeted sequencing of four estrogen receptor 1-expressing (Esr1+) populations and identified 1,415 genes expressed differentially between sexes or estrous states. Unique subsets of these genes were distributed across all 137 transcriptomically defined Esr1+ cell types, including estrous stage-specific ones, that comprise the four populations. We used differentially expressed genes labeling single Esr1+ cell types as entry points to functionally characterize two such cell types, BNSTprTac1/Esr1 and VMHvlCckar/Esr1. We observed that these two cell types, but not the other Esr1+ cell types in these populations, are essential for sex recognition in males and mating in females, respectively. Furthermore, VMHvlCckar/Esr1 cell type projections are distinct from those of other VMHvlEsr1 cell types. Together, projection and functional specialization of dimorphic cell types enables sex hormone-responsive populations to regulate diverse social behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Knoedler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sayaka Inoue
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Daniel W Bayless
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Taehong Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Adarsh Tantry
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chung-Ha Davis
- Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nicole Y Leung
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Grace Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Maricruz Alvarado
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Abbas H Rizvi
- Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Lief E Fenno
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Karl Deisseroth
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nirao M Shah
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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