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Parekh P, Badachhape AA, Tanifum EA, Annapragada AV, Ghaghada KB. Advances in nanoprobes for molecular MRI of Alzheimer's disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1946. [PMID: 38426638 PMCID: PMC10983770 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia and a leading cause of mortality in the elderly population. Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease has traditionally relied on evaluation of clinical symptoms for cognitive impairment with a definitive diagnosis requiring post-mortem demonstration of neuropathology. However, advances in disease pathogenesis have revealed that patients exhibit Alzheimer's disease pathology several decades before the manifestation of clinical symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the management of patients with Alzheimer's disease. The clinical availability of molecular MRI (mMRI) contrast agents can revolutionize the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. In this article, we review advances in nanoparticle contrast agents, also referred to as nanoprobes, for mMRI of Alzheimer's disease. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parag Parekh
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
- Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Andrew A. Badachhape
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
- Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Eric A. Tanifum
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
- Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Ananth V. Annapragada
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
- Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Ketan B. Ghaghada
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
- Department of Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030
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2
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Yang SH, Kim J, Lee TG, Park M, Son HY, Joo CG, Shim JH, Lee Y, Huh YM. Background free in vivo29Si MR imaging with hyperpolarized PEGylated silicon nanoparticles. Analyst 2023; 148:5355-5360. [PMID: 37750298 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01395b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrated the potential of 50 nm PEGylated Si NPs for high-resolution in vivo29Si MR imaging, emphasizing their biocompatibility and water dispersibility. The acquisition of in vivo Si MR images using the lowest reported dose after subcutaneous and intraperitoneal administration opens new avenues for future 29Si MR studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyun Yang
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- Department of Bionano Technology, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Geol Lee
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mirae Park
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye Young Son
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Gyu Joo
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Shim
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngbok Lee
- Department of Bionano Technology, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Min Huh
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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3
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Kim J, Heo I, Luu QS, Nguyen QT, Do UT, Whiting N, Yang SH, Huh YM, Min SJ, Shim JH, Yoo WC, Lee Y. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization of Selectively 29Si-Enriched Core@shell Silica Nanoparticles. Anal Chem 2023; 95:907-916. [PMID: 36514301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
29Si silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) are promising magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probes that possess advantageous properties for in vivo applications, including suitable biocompatibility, tailorable properties, and high water dispersibility. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is used to enhance 29Si MR signals via enhanced nuclear spin alignment; to date, there has been limited success employing DNP for SiO2 NPs due to the lack of endogenous electronic defects that are required for the process. To create opportunities for SiO2-based 29Si MRI probes, we synthesized variously featured SiO2 NPs with selective 29Si isotope enrichment on homogeneous and core@shell structures (shell thickness: 10 nm, core size: 40 nm), and identified the critical factors for optimal DNP signal enhancement as well as the effective hyperpolarization depth when using an exogenous radical. Based on the synthetic design, this critical factor is the proportion of 29Si in the shell layer regardless of core enrichment. Furthermore, the effective depth of hyperpolarization is less than 10 nm between the surface and core, which demonstrates an approximately 40% elongated diffusion length for the shell-enriched NPs compared to the natural abundance NPs. This improved regulation of surface properties facilitates the development of isotopically enriched SiO2 NPs as hyperpolarized contrast agents for in vivo MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Kim
- Department of Bionano Technology, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan15588, South Korea
| | - Incheol Heo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan15588, South Korea
| | - Quy Son Luu
- Department of Bionano Technology, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan15588, South Korea
| | - Quynh Thi Nguyen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan15588, South Korea
| | - Uyen Thi Do
- Department of Bionano Technology, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan15588, South Korea
| | - Nicholas Whiting
- Department of Physics & Astronomy and Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey08028, United States
| | - Seung-Hyun Yang
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Nanomedical Science and Technology, Nanomedical National Core Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, South Korea
| | - Yong-Min Huh
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, South Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, South Korea.,YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, South Korea.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, South Korea
| | - Sun-Joon Min
- Department of Applied Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan15588, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Shim
- Quantum Magnetic Imaging Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon34113, South Korea.,Department of Applied Measurement Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon34113, South Korea
| | - Won Cheol Yoo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan15588, South Korea
| | - Youngbok Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, and Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan15588, South Korea
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4
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Shimon D, Cantwell K, Joseph L, Ramanathan C. Room temperature DNP of diamond powder using frequency modulation. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2022; 122:101833. [PMID: 36209552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2022.101833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is a method of enhancing NMR signals via the transfer of polarization from electron spins to nuclear spins using microwave (MW) irradiation. In most cases, monochromatic continuous-wave (MCW) MW irradiation is used. Recently, several groups have shown that frequency modulation of the MW irradiation can result in an additional increase in DNP enhancement above that obtained with MCW. The effect of frequency modulation on the solid effect (SE) and the cross effect (CE) has previously been studied using the stable organic radical 4-hydroxy TEMPO (TEMPOL) at temperatures under 20 K. Here, in addition to the SE and CE, we discuss the effect of frequency modulation on the Overhauser effect (OE) and the truncated CE (tCE) in the room-temperature 13C-DNP of diamond powders. We recently showed that diamond powders can exhibit multiple DNP mechanisms simultaneously due to the heterogeneity of P1 (substitutional nitrogen) environments within diamond crystallites. We explore how the two parameters that define the frequency modulation: (i) the Modulation frequency, fm (how fast the microwave frequency is varied) and (ii) the Modulation amplitude, Δω (the magnitude of the change in microwave frequency) influence the enhancement obtained via each mechanism. Frequency modulation during DNP not only allows us to improve DNP enhancement, but also gives us a way to control which DNP mechanism is most active. By choosing the appropriate modulation parameters, we can selectively enhance some mechanisms while simultaneously suppressing others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphna Shimon
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel.
| | - Kelly Cantwell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Linta Joseph
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
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Sarikhani A, Alamzadeh Z, Beik J, Irajirad R, Mirrahimi M, Pirhajati Mahabadi V, Kamrava SK, Ghaznavi H, Khoei S. Ultrasmall Fe3O4 and Gd2O3 hybrid nanoparticles for T1-weighted MR imaging of cancer. Cancer Nanotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s12645-022-00148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractGadolinium-based contrast agents (GdCAs) have been the most frequently used T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents for decades. However, they have serious disadvantages such as low longitudinal relaxivity value (r1) and high dose associated-nephrotoxicity that restrict their wide applications. These emphasize the need for an ideal stable and biocompatible T1-weighted CA with high contrast enhancement performance. Here, we propose a wet-chemical synthesis technique to form a nanocomposite consisting of ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles (US-IO) and Gd2O3 hybrid nanoparticles stabilized with dextran (FG-HNPs) for T1-weighted MR imaging. Relaxometry study showed that FG-HNPs have a high r1 value (42.28 mM−1S−1) and low relaxivity ratio (r2/r1: 1.416) at 3.0T. In vivo MRI contrast enhancement factor (ΔSNR) for FG-HNPs (257.025 ± 17.4%) was found to be 1.99-fold higher than US-IO (129.102 ± 15%) and 3.35-fold higher than Dotarem (76.71 ± 14.2%) as routinely used T1-weighted CA. The cytotoxicity assay and histological examination confirmed the biocompatibility of FG-HNPs. The biodistribution study, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Prussian blue (PB) staining of tumor tissue proved the effective tumor localization of FG-HNPs. Therefore, FG-HNPs can be suggested as a promising CA for T1-weighted MRI of tumors by virtue of their remarkable relaxivities and high biocompatibility.
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6
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Shimon D, Cantwell KA, Joseph L, Williams EQ, Peng Z, Takahashi S, Ramanathan C. Large Room Temperature Bulk DNP of 13C via P1 Centers in Diamond. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:17777-17787. [PMID: 36304670 PMCID: PMC9589901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c06145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We use microwave-induced dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) of the substitutional nitrogen defects (P1 centers) in diamond to hyperpolarize bulk 13C nuclei in both single crystal and powder samples at room temperature at 3.34 T. The large (>100-fold) enhancements demonstrated correspond to a greater than 10 000-fold improvement in terms of signal averaging of the 1% abundant 13C spins. The DNP was performed using low-power solid state sources under static (nonspinning) conditions. The DNP spectrum (DNP enhancement as a function of microwave frequency) of diamond powder shows features that broadly correlate with the EPR spectrum. A well-defined negative Overhauser peak and two solid effect peaks are observed for the central (m I = 0) manifold of the 14N spins. Previous low temperature measurements in diamond had measured a positive Overhauser enhancement in this manifold. Frequency-chirped millimeter-wave excitation of the electron spins is seen to significantly improve the enhancements for the two outer nuclear spin manifolds (mI = ±1) and to blur some of the sharper features associated with the central manifold. The outer lines are best fit using a combination of the cross effect and the truncated cross effect, which is known to mimic features of an Overhauser effect. Similar features are also observed in experiments on single crystal samples. The observation of all of these mechanisms in a single material system under the same experimental conditions is likely due to the significant heterogeneity of the high pressure, high temperature (HPHT) type Ib diamond samples used. Large room temperature DNP enhancements at fields above a few tesla enable spectroscopic studies with better chemical shift resolution under ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphna Shimon
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram, Jerusalem9190401, Israel
| | - Kelly A. Cantwell
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire03755, United States
| | - Linta Joseph
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire03755, United States
| | - Ethan Q. Williams
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire03755, United States
| | - Zaili Peng
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California90089, United States
| | - Susumu Takahashi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California90089, United States
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Southern California, Los Angeles, California90089, United States
| | - Chandrasekhar Ramanathan
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire03755, United States
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7
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Himmler A, Albannay MM, von Witte G, Kozerke S, Ernst M. Electroplated waveguides to enhance DNP and EPR spectra of silicon and diamond particles. MAGNETIC RESONANCE (GOTTINGEN, GERMANY) 2022; 3:203-209. [PMID: 37904872 PMCID: PMC10539804 DOI: 10.5194/mr-3-203-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Electroplating the waveguide of a 7 T polarizer in a simple innovative way increased microwave power delivered to the sample by 3.1 dB. Silicon particles, while interesting for hyperpolarized MRI applications, are challenging to polarize due to inefficient microwave multipliers at the electron Larmor frequency at high magnetic fields and fast electronic relaxation times. Improving microwave transmission directly translates to more efficient EPR excitation at high-field, low-temperature conditions and promises faster and higher 29 Si polarization buildup through dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Himmler
- ETH Zurich, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Zurich 8093,
Switzerland
| | - Mohammed M. Albannay
- ETH Zurich, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Zurich 8093,
Switzerland
- University and ETH Zurich, Institute for Biomedical Engineering,
Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Gevin von Witte
- ETH Zurich, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Zurich 8093,
Switzerland
- University and ETH Zurich, Institute for Biomedical Engineering,
Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Kozerke
- University and ETH Zurich, Institute for Biomedical Engineering,
Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Ernst
- ETH Zurich, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Zurich 8093,
Switzerland
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8
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Bulk and Nanoscale Semiconducting Materials: Structural Advances Using Solid-state NMR Spectroscopy. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2022.101631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Multifunctional probe based on modified Ag&Mn:ZnInS QDs for dual-mode fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging of intracellular glutathione. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1221:340172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Shimon D, Kaminker I. A transition from solid effect to indirect cross effect with broadband microwave irradiation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:7311-7322. [PMID: 35262101 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05096f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) at high magnetic fields has become a prominent technique for signal enhancement in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). In static samples, the highest DNP enhancement is usually observed for high radical concentrations in the range of 15-40 mM. Under these conditions, the dominant DNP mechanism for broad-line radicals is the electron-electron spectral-diffusion-based indirect cross effect (iCE). To further increase the DNP performance, broadband microwave irradiation is often applied. Until now, the theory of iCE was not rigorously combined with broadband microwave irradiation. This paper fills this gap by extending the iCE theory to explicitly include broadband irradiation. We demonstrate that our theory allows for quantitative fitting of the DNP spectra lineshapes using four different datasets acquired at 3.4 T and 7 T. We find that the DNP mechanism changes with an increase in the excitation bandwidth. While with narrowband continuous-wave irradiation the DNP mechanism is a combination of the solid effect (SE) and iCE, it shifts toward iCE with increasing excitation bandwidth until, at high bandwidth, the iCE completely dominates the DNP spectrum - this effect was not accounted for previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Shimon
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - I Kaminker
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Optical Dynamic Nuclear Polarization of 13C Spins in Diamond at a Low Field with Multi-Tone Microwave Irradiation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051700. [PMID: 35268801 PMCID: PMC8911784 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Majority of dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) experiments have been requiring helium cryogenics and strong magnetic fields for a high degree of nuclear polarization. In this work, we instead demonstrate an optical hyperpolarization of naturally abundant 13C nuclei in a diamond crystal at a low magnetic field and the room temperature. It exploits continuous laser irradiation for polarizing electronic spins of nitrogen vacancy centers and microwave irradiation for transferring the electronic polarization to 13C nuclear spins. We have studied the dependence of 13C polarization on laser and microwave powers. For the first time, a triplet structure corresponding to the 14N hyperfine splitting has been observed in the 13C polarization spectrum. By simultaneously exciting three microwave frequencies at the peaks of the triplet, we have achieved 13C bulk polarization of 0.113 %, leading to an enhancement of 90,000 over the thermal polarization at 17.6 mT. We believe that the multi-tone irradiation can be extended to further enhance the 13C polarization at a low magnetic field.
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12
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Liu Y, Teng L, Yin B, Meng H, Yin X, Huan S, Song G, Zhang XB. Chemical Design of Activatable Photoacoustic Probes for Precise Biomedical Applications. Chem Rev 2022; 122:6850-6918. [PMID: 35234464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Photoacoustic (PA) imaging technology, a three-dimensional hybrid imaging modality that integrates the advantage of optical and acoustic imaging, has great application prospects in molecular imaging due to its high imaging depth and resolution. To endow PA imaging with the ability for real-time molecular visualization and precise biomedical diagnosis, numerous activatable molecular PA probes which can specifically alter their PA intensities upon reacting with the targets or biological events of interest have been developed. This review highlights the recent developments of activatable PA probes for precise biomedical applications including molecular detection of the biotargets and imaging of the biological events. First, the generation mechanism of PA signals will be given, followed by a brief introduction to contrast agents used for PA probe design. Then we will particularly summarize the general design principles for the alteration of PA signals and activatable strategies for developing precise PA probes. Furthermore, we will give a detailed discussion of activatable PA probes in molecular detection and biomedical imaging applications in living systems. At last, the current challenges and outlooks of future PA probes will be discussed. We hope that this review will stimulate new ideas to explore the potentials of activatable PA probes for precise biomedical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Lili Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Baoli Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Hongmin Meng
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyan Huan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Guosheng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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Faisal W, Almomani F. A critical review of the development and demulsification processes applied for oil recovery from oil in water emulsions. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:133099. [PMID: 34848221 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The formation of stable emulsions is a fundamental problem in oil industry that can result in a sequence of environmental and operational problems. Chemical demulsification is extensively applied for the recovery of oil from water as well as water from oil. This review introduces different chemical demulsifiers applied for the demulsification and recovery of oil from oil in water (O/W) emulsions. Main types of surfactants (anionic, cationic, nonionics and amphoteric) involved in the formation of emulsions and enhances their stability were discussed. Promising demulsifiers such as nanoparticle (NP), hyperbranched polymers, and ionic liquids (IL), which achieved high oil recovery rate, parameters influencing demulsification efficiency and demulsification mechanisms were explored. Lastly, improvements, challenges, and new changes being made to chemical demulsifiers were underlined. Functionalized magnetic nanoparticles and hyperbranched polymers were very effective in recovering oil from O/W emulsions with an efficiency >95%. Polymers with highly hydrophilic content and high molecular weight can achieve excellent oil recovery rates due to higher interfacial activity, higher dispersion, and presence of specific functional groups. Although ionic liquids could achieve oil recovery up to 90%, high cost limits their applications. NPs showed excellent oil recovery behavior at low concentrations and ambient temperature. Demulsification efficiency of NPs can be enhanced by functionalize with other components (e.g., polymers and surfactants), while service life can be extend by silica coating. Future challenges include scaling up the use of NPs in oil recovery process and highlighting contrasts between lab-scale and field-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamda Faisal
- College of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fares Almomani
- College of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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14
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Qian J, Wen H, Tamarov K, Xu W, Lehto VP. Recent developments of porous silicon nanovectors with various imaging modalities in the framework of theranostics. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200004. [PMID: 35212460 PMCID: PMC9314675 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The number of in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies on porous silicon (PSi) nanoparticles for biomedical applications has increased extensively over the last decade. The focus of the reports has been on the carrier properties of PSi concerning the therapeutic aspect due to several beneficial nanovector characteristics including high payload capacity, biocompatibility, and versatile surface chemistry. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to the diagnostic aspects of PSi, which is typically attributed to the biotraceability of the nanovector. Also, PSi has been studied as a contrast agent. When both these aspects, therapy and diagnosis, are integrated into one nanovector, we can discuss a real nanotheranostics approach. Herein, we review the recent progress developing PSi for various imaging modalities, specifically focusing on optical imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear medicine imaging. Furthermore, we summarized the knowledge gaps that must be covered before applying PSi in clinical imaging, highlighting future research trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qian
- University of Eastern Finland - Kuopio Campus: Ita-Suomen yliopisto - Kuopion kampus, Applied Physics, Yliopistonranta 1, 70211, KUOPIO, FINLAND
| | - Huang Wen
- University of Eastern Finland - Kuopio Campus: Ita-Suomen yliopisto - Kuopion kampus, Applied Physics, Yliopistonranta 1, Melania 112-3, KUOPIO, 70211, KUOPIO, FINLAND
| | - Konstantin Tamarov
- University of Eastern Finland - Kuopio Campus: Ita-Suomen yliopisto - Kuopion kampus, Applied Physics, FINLAND
| | - Wujun Xu
- University of Eastern Finland - Kuopio Campus: Ita-Suomen yliopisto - Kuopion kampus, Applied Physics, FINLAND
| | - Vesa-Pekka Lehto
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Applied Physics, POB 1627, 70211, Kuopio, FINLAND
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15
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Recent Trends in Fascinating Applications of Nanotechnology in Allied Health Sciences. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The increased advancement in nanosciences in recent times has led to fascinating innovations. It has potential applications for altering the structural, surface, and physicochemical properties of nano-ranged metamaterials. The adaptable optical, structural, and surface characteristics of the nanoscopic regimes enhance the quality of integrated nanodevices and sensors. These are further used in optoelectronics, biomedicines, and catalysis. The use of nanomaterials for constructing nano-biosensors and various other organic and inorganic functional nanomaterials is quite promising. They have excellent electronic and surface-to-volume reactivity. Their various applications include metal and metal-oxides-based nanoparticles, clusters, wires, and 2D nanosheets as carbon nanotubes. More recently, hybrid nanomaterials are being developed to regulate sensing functionalities in the field of nanomedicine and the pharmaceutical industry. They are used as nano-markers, templates, and targeted agents. Moreover, the mechanical strength, chemical stability, durability, and flexibility of the hybrid nanomaterials make them appropriate for developing a healthy life for humans. This consists of a variety of applications, such as drug delivery, antimicrobial impacts, nutrition, orthopedics, dentistry, and fluorescence fabrics. This review article caters to the essential importance of nanoscience for biomedical applications and information for health science and research. The fundamental characteristics and functionalities of nanomaterials for particular biomedical uses are specifically addressed here.
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16
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Kim J, Jo D, Yang SH, Joo CG, Whiting N, Pudakalakatti S, Seo H, Son HY, Min SJ, Bhattacharya P, Huh YM, Shim JH, Lee Y. 29Si Isotope-Enriched Silicon Nanoparticles for an Efficient Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance Imaging Probe. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:56923-56930. [PMID: 34793118 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Silicon particles have garnered attention as promising biomedical probes for hyperpolarized 29Si magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. However, due to the limited levels of hyperpolarization for nanosized silicon particles, microscale silicon particles have primarily been the focus of dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) applications, including in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To address these current challenges, we developed a facile synthetic method for partially 29Si-enriched porous silicon nanoparticles (NPs) (160 nm) and examined their usability in hyperpolarized 29Si MRI agents with enhanced signals in spectroscopy and imaging. Hyperpolarization characteristics, such as the build-up constant, the depolarization time (T1), and the overall enhancement of the 29Si-enriched silicon NPs (10 and 15%), were thoroughly investigated and compared with those of a naturally abundant NP (4.7%). During optimal DNP conditions, the 15% enriched silicon NPs showed more than 16-fold higher enhancements─far beyond the enrichment ratio─than the naturally abundant sample, further improving the signal-to-noise ratio in in vivo 29Si MRI. The 29Si-enriched porous silicon NPs used in this work are potentially capable to serve as drug-delivery vehicles in addition to hyperpolarized 29Si in vivo, further enabling their potential future applicability as a theragnostic platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Kim
- Department of Bionano Technology, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Donghyuk Jo
- Department of Bionano Technology, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Yang
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Nanomedical Science and Technology, Nanomedical National Core Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Chan-Gyu Joo
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Nicholas Whiting
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Shivanand Pudakalakatti
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Hyeonglim Seo
- Department of Bionano Technology, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Hye Young Son
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Sun-Joon Min
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Pratip Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Yong-Min Huh
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
- YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Shim
- Quantum Magnetic Imaging Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, South Korea
| | - Youngbok Lee
- Department of Bionano Technology, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea
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17
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Bushlanova N, Baturin V, Lepeshkin S, Uspenskii Y. The amorphous-crystalline transition in Si nH 2m nanoclusters. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:19181-19189. [PMID: 34782894 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05653k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanocrystals (NCs) have great potential for applications in optoelectronics, photovoltaics and biomedicine. The photo-physical characteristics of these particles strongly depend on whether they are crystalline or amorphous. This structural order is sensitive to the synthesis details. To understand the morphology of hydrogen-passivated silicon clusters and find how it depends on the passivation degree, we calculated the optimal structures of SinH2m clusters with n ≤ 21 and 2m ≤ 30. We found that as the hydrogen amount increases, clusters run through three structural types: (i) amorphous clusters with dangling bonds (DBs), (ii) amorphous clusters without DBs at intermediate passivation, and (iii) crystalline clusters. We describe a mechanism which removes dangling bonds in the amorphous clusters of the second type and shows its key importance for cluster structure formation. The crystalline lattice (diamond or lonsdaleite) is found to emerge when all broken bonds at the NC surface are passivated. We constructed the phase P-T diagram of Si-H clusters, compared it with the available experimental data and discussed the transfer of our results to large Si nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Bushlanova
- I. E. Tamm Theory Department, Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prosp. 53, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Vladimir Baturin
- I. E. Tamm Theory Department, Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prosp. 53, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Sergey Lepeshkin
- I. E. Tamm Theory Department, Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prosp. 53, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Yurii Uspenskii
- I. E. Tamm Theory Department, Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prosp. 53, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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18
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Zhang T, Wang Z, Xiang H, Xu X, Zou J, Lu C. Biocompatible Superparamagnetic Europium-Doped Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Clusters as Multifunctional Nanoprobes for Multimodal In Vivo Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:33850-33861. [PMID: 34282885 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticle clusters composed of primary magnetic nanoparticles can not only significantly enhance the magnetic properties of the assembly but also retain the superparamagnetic properties of the individual primary nanoparticle, which is of great significance for promoting the development of multifunctional advanced materials. Herein, water-soluble biocompatible and superparamagnetic europium-doped iron oxide nanoparticle clusters (EuIO NCs) were directly synthesized by a simple one-pot method. The obtained EuIO NCs have excellent water solubility, colloidal stability, and biocompatibility. Europium doping significantly improved the contrast enhancement effect of EuIO NCs in T1-weighted MR imaging. In addition, EuIO NCs can be functionalized by active molecules, and the rhodamine123-functionalized EuIO NCs have long circulation time and excellent fluorescence imaging performance in vivo. This study provides a simple strategy for the design and construction of a novel multifunctional magnetic nanoplatform and provides solutions for the development of multimodal imaging probes and the diagnosis of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Huijing Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Xue Xu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
| | - Chichong Lu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China
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19
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Lin M, Breukels V, Scheenen TWJ, Paulusse JMJ. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization of Silicon Carbide Micro- and Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:30835-30843. [PMID: 34170657 PMCID: PMC8289227 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Two dominant crystalline phases of silicon carbide (SiC): α-SiC and β-SiC, differing in size and chemical composition, were investigated regarding their potential for dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). 29Si nuclei in α-SiC micro- and nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 650 nm to 2.2 μm and minimal oxidation were successfully hyperpolarized without the use of free radicals, while β-SiC samples did not display appreciable degrees of polarization under the same polarization conditions. Long T1 relaxation times in α-SiC of up to 1600 s (∼27 min) were recorded for the 29Si nuclei after 1 h of polarization at a temperature of 4 K. Interestingly, these promising α-SiC particles allowed for direct hyperpolarization of both 29Si and 13C nuclei, resulting in comparably strong signal amplifications. Moreover, the T1 relaxation time of 13C nuclei in 750 nm-sized α-SiC particles was over 33 min, which far exceeds T1 times of conventional 13C DNP probes with values in the order of 1-2 min. The present work demonstrates the feasibility of DNP on SiC micro- and nanoparticles and highlights their potential as hyperpolarized magnetic resonance imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lin
- Department
of Biomolecular Nanotechnology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
Faculty of Science and Technology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Breukels
- Department
of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical
Center, Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom W. J. Scheenen
- Department
of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical
Center, Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos M. J. Paulusse
- Department
of Biomolecular Nanotechnology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
Faculty of Science and Technology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen,
P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
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20
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Ramezani S, Parkhideh A, Bhattacharya PK, Farach-Carson MC, Harrington DA. Beyond Colonoscopy: Exploring New Cell Surface Biomarkers for Detection of Early, Heterogenous Colorectal Lesions. Front Oncol 2021; 11:657701. [PMID: 34290978 PMCID: PMC8287259 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.657701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths among both men and women in the United States. Early detection and surgical removal of high-risk lesions in the colon can prevent disease from developing and spreading. Despite implementation of programs aimed at early detection, screening colonoscopies fail to detect a fraction of potentially aggressive colorectal lesions because of their location or nonobvious morphology. Optical colonoscopies, while highly effective, rely on direct visualization to detect changes on the surface mucosa that are consistent with dysplasia. Recent advances in endoscopy techniques and molecular imaging permit microscale visualization of the colonic mucosa. These technologies can be combined with various molecular probes that recognize and target heterogenous lesion surfaces to achieve early, real-time, and potentially non-invasive, detection of pre-cancerous lesions. The primary goal of this review is to contextualize existing and emergent CRC surface biomarkers and assess each’s potential as a candidate marker for early marker-based detection of CRC lesions. CRC markers that we include were stratified by the level of support gleaned from peer-reviewed publications, abstracts, and databases of both CRC and other cancers. The selected biomarkers, accessible on the cell surface and preferably on the luminal surface of the colon tissue, are organized into three categories: (1) established biomarkers (those with considerable data and high confidence), (2) emerging biomarkers (those with increasing research interest but with less supporting data), and (3) novel candidates (those with very recent data, and/or supportive evidence from other tissue systems). We also present an overview of recent advances in imaging techniques useful for visual detection of surface biomarkers, and discuss the ease with which these methods can be combined with microscopic visualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Ramezani
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Arianna Parkhideh
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Pratip K Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mary C Farach-Carson
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, United States.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States.,Departments of BioSciences and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Daniel A Harrington
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, United States.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States.,Departments of BioSciences and Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States
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21
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Lv X, Walton JH, Druga E, Wang F, Aguilar A, McKnelly T, Nazaryan R, Liu FL, Wu L, Shenderova O, Vigneron DB, Meriles CA, Reimer JA, Pines A, Ajoy A. Background-free dual-mode optical and 13C magnetic resonance imaging in diamond particles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2023579118. [PMID: 34001612 PMCID: PMC8166172 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2023579118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multimodal imaging-the ability to acquire images of an object through more than one imaging mode simultaneously-has opened additional perspectives in areas ranging from astronomy to medicine. In this paper, we report progress toward combining optical and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in such a "dual" imaging mode. They are attractive in combination because they offer complementary advantages of resolution and speed, especially in the context of imaging in scattering environments. Our approach relies on a specific material platform, microdiamond particles hosting nitrogen vacancy (NV) defect centers that fluoresce brightly under optical excitation and simultaneously "hyperpolarize" lattice [Formula: see text] nuclei, making them bright under MR imaging. We highlight advantages of dual-mode optical and MR imaging in allowing background-free particle imaging and describe regimes in which either mode can enhance the other. Leveraging the fact that the two imaging modes proceed in Fourier-reciprocal domains (real and k-space), we propose a sampling protocol that accelerates image reconstruction in sparse-imaging scenarios. Our work suggests interesting possibilities for the simultaneous optical and low-field MR imaging of targeted diamond nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Lv
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Jeffrey H Walton
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Emanuel Druga
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | | | - Tommy McKnelly
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Raffi Nazaryan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Fanglin Linda Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Lan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | | | - Daniel B Vigneron
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Carlos A Meriles
- Department of Physics, City University of New York-City College of New York, New York, NY 10031
- City University of New York Graduate Center, City University of New York-City College of New York, New York, NY 10031
| | - Jeffrey A Reimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Alexander Pines
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
| | - Ashok Ajoy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720;
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22
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Pudakalakatti S, Enriquez JS, McCowan C, Ramezani S, Davis JS, Zacharias NM, Bourgeois D, Constantinou PE, Harrington DA, Carson D, Farach-Carson MC, Bhattacharya PK. Hyperpolarized MRI with silicon micro and nanoparticles: Principles and applications. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 13:e1722. [PMID: 33982426 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Silicon-based micro and nanoparticles are ideally suited for use as biomedical imaging agents because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and simple surface chemistry that facilitates drug loading and targeting. A method to hyperpolarize silicon particles using dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), which increases magnetic resonance (MR) imaging signals by several orders-of-magnitude through enhanced nuclear spin alignment, was developed to allow silicon particles to function as contrast agents for in vivo magnetic resonance imaging. In this review, we describe the application of the DNP technique to silicon particles and nanoparticles for background-free real-time molecular MR imaging. This review provides a summary of the state-of-the-science in silicon particle hyperpolarization with a detailed protocol for hyperpolarizing silicon particles. This information will foster awareness and spur interest in this emerging area of nanoimaging and provide a path to new developments and discoveries to further advance the field. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivanand Pudakalakatti
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - José S Enriquez
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Caitlin McCowan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Saleh Ramezani
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer S Davis
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Niki M Zacharias
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dontrey Bourgeois
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pamela E Constantinou
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA.,Sheikh Ahmed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel A Harrington
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel Carson
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mary C Farach-Carson
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pratip K Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
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23
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Cohen D, Mashiach R, Houben L, Galisova A, Addadi Y, Kain D, Lubart A, Blinder P, Allouche-Arnon H, Bar-Shir A. Glyconanofluorides as Immunotracers with a Tunable Core Composition for Sensitive Hotspot Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Inflammatory Activity. ACS NANO 2021; 15:7563-7574. [PMID: 33872494 PMCID: PMC8155386 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nature-inspired nanosized formulations based on an imageable, small-sized inorganic core scaffold, on which biomolecules are assembled to form nanobiomimetics, hold great promise for both early diagnostics and developed therapeutics. Nevertheless, the fabrication of nanobiomimetics that allow noninvasive background-free mapping of pathological events with improved sensitivity, enhanced specificity, and multiplexed capabilities remains a major challenge. Here, we introduce paramagnetic glyconanofluorides as small-sized (<10 nm) glycomimetics for immunotargeting and sensitive noninvasive in vivo19F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) mapping of inflammation. A very short T1 relaxation time (70 ms) of the fluorides was achieved by doping the nanofluorides' solid crystal core with paramagnetic Sm3+, resulting in a significant 8-fold enhancement in their 19F MRI sensitivity, allowing faster acquisition and improved detectability levels. The fabricated nanosized glycomimetics exhibit significantly enhanced uptake within activated immune cells, providing background-free in vivo mapping of inflammatory activity, demonstrated in both locally induced inflammation and clinically related neuropathology animal models. Fabricating two types of nanofluorides, each with a distinct chemical shift, allowed us to exploit the color-like features of 19F MRI to map, in real time, immune specificity and preferred targetability of the paramagnetic glyconanofluorides, demonstrating the approach's potential extension to noninvasive multitarget imaging scenarios that are not yet applicable for nanobiomimetics based on other nanocrystal cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Cohen
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Reut Mashiach
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Lothar Houben
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Andrea Galisova
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Yoseph Addadi
- Life
Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - David Kain
- Neurobiology,
Biochemistry and Biophysics School, George S. Wise Faculty of Life
Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Alisa Lubart
- Neurobiology,
Biochemistry and Biophysics School, George S. Wise Faculty of Life
Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Pablo Blinder
- Neurobiology,
Biochemistry and Biophysics School, George S. Wise Faculty of Life
Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Hyla Allouche-Arnon
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Amnon Bar-Shir
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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24
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Wei R, Liu Y, Gao J, Yong VW, Xue M. Small functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles for dual brain magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescence imaging. RSC Adv 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10392f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
SIONs is modified with brain targeting ligands and photosensitizers, and is used for in vivo MR/FL dual-mode high-sensitivity brain imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Wei
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450052
- China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450052
- China
| | - Jinhao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- The MOE Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation
- The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
| | - V. Wee Yong
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Department of Clinical Neurosciences
- University of Calgary
- Calgary
- Canada
| | - Mengzhou Xue
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450052
- China
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25
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von Morze C, Engelbach JA, Reed GD, Chen AP, Quirk JD, Blazey T, Mahar R, Malloy CR, Garbow JR, Merritt ME. 15 N-carnitine, a novel endogenous hyperpolarized MRI probe with long signal lifetime. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:1814-1820. [PMID: 33179825 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate hyperpolarization and in vivo imaging of [15 N]carnitine, a novel endogenous MRI probe with long signal lifetime. METHODS L-[15 N]carnitine-d9 was hyperpolarized by the method of dynamic nuclear polarization followed by rapid dissolution. The T1 signal lifetimes were estimated in aqueous solution and in vivo following intravenous injection in rats, using a custom-built dual-tuned 15 N/1 H RF coil at 4.7 T. 15 N chemical shift imaging and 15 N fast spin-echo images of rat abdomen were acquired 3 minutes after [15 N]carnitine injection. RESULTS Estimated T1 times of [15 N]carnitine at 4.7 T were 210 seconds (in H2 O) and 160 seconds (in vivo), with an estimated polarization level of 10%. Remarkably, the [15 N]carnitine coherence was detectable in rat abdomen for 5 minutes after injection for the nonlocalized acquisition. No downstream metabolites were detected on localized or nonlocalized 15 N spectra. Diffuse liver enhancement was detected on 15 N fast spin-echo imaging 3 minutes after injection, with mean hepatic SNR of 18 ± 5 at a spatial resolution of 4 × 4 mm. CONCLUSION This study showed the feasibility of hyperpolarizing and imaging the biodistribution of HP [15 N]carnitine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius von Morze
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - John A Engelbach
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | | | - James D Quirk
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tyler Blazey
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Rohit Mahar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Craig R Malloy
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Joel R Garbow
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Matthew E Merritt
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Chen S, Zhang Q, Sun H, Zheng Y, Chen Q, Luo Y, Chen H, Zhou Q. A cation exchange strategy to construct a targeting nanoprobe for enhanced T1-weighted MR imaging of tumors. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:8519-8526. [PMID: 32812623 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01632b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Excellent imaging performance and good biocompatibility of contrast agents are considered as prerequisites for accurate tumor diagnosis. In this study, a novel imaging nanoprobe with actively targeting performance based on ultrasmall paramagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles was constructed by a facile cation exchange strategy followed by conjugation with transferrin (Tf). The stable gadolinium (Gd3+) chelation endows the nanoparticles (NPs) with a low value of r2/r1 (1.28) and a relatively high r1 value of 3.2 mM-1 s-1, enabling their use for T1-weighted positive magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. This constructed transferrin modified gadolinium-iron chelate nanoprobe, named as TUG, shows high biocompatibility within a given dose range. More importantly, compared with clinically used Gd-based small molecule contrast agents, the obtained TUG can be more engulfed by breast cancer cells, showing much enhanced T1-weighted positive MR imaging in both subcutaneous and orthotopic tumor models of breast cancer. This novel nanoprobe holds great promise to be utilized as a targeting contrast agent with high efficacy for T1-weighted positive MR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P. R. China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yingyan Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200040, P. R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Ding-Xi Road, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Yu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Hangrong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Ding-Xi Road, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Medical Imaging, Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Academy of Orthopedics Guangdong Province), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P. R. China
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Abstract
Current cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging techniques provide an exquisite assessment of the structure and function of the heart and great vessels, but their ability to assess the molecular processes that underpin changes in cardiac function in health and disease is limited by inherent insensitivity. Hyperpolarized magnetic resonance is a new technology which overcomes this limitation, generating molecular contrast agents with an improvement in magnetic resonance signal of up to five orders of magnitude. One key molecule, hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate, shows particular promise for the assessment of cardiac energy metabolism and other fundamental biological processes in cardiovascular disease. This molecule has numerous potential applications of clinical relevance and has now been translated to human use in early clinical studies. This review outlines the principles of hyperpolarized magnetic resonance and key potential cardiovascular applications for this new technology. Finally, we provide an overview of the pipeline for forthcoming hyperpolarized agents and their potential applications in cardiovascular disease.
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Spin-Dependent Phenomena in Semiconductor Micro-and Nanoparticles—From Fundamentals to Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10144992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present overview of spin-dependent phenomena in nonmagnetic semiconductor microparticles (MPs) and nanoparticles (NPs) with interacting nuclear and electron spins is aimed at covering a gap between the basic properties of spin behavior in solid-state systems and a tremendous growth of the experimental results on biomedical applications of those particles. The first part of the review represents modern achievements of spin-dependent phenomena in the bulk semiconductors from the theory of optical spin orientation under indirect optical injection of carriers and spins in the bulk crystalline silicon (c-Si)—via numerous insightful findings in the realm of characterization and control through the spin polarization—to the design and verification of nuclear spin hyperpolarization in semiconductor MPs and NPs for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnostics. The second part of the review is focused on the electron spin-dependent phenomena in Si-based nanostructures, including the photosensitized generation of singlet oxygen in porous Si and design of Si NPs with unpaired electron spins as prospective contrast agents in MRI. The experimental results are analyzed by considering both the quantum mechanical approach and several phenomenological models for the spin behavior in semiconductor/molecular systems. Advancements and perspectives of the biomedical applications of spin-dependent properties of Si NPs for diagnostics and therapy of cancer are discussed.
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Barbic M, Dodd SJ, ElBidweihy H, Dilley NR, Marcheschi B, Huston AL, Morris HD, Koretsky AP. Multifield and inverse-contrast switching of magnetocaloric high contrast ratio MRI labels. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:506-517. [PMID: 32638424 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Demonstrating multifield and inverse contrast switching of magnetocaloric high contrast ratio MRI labels that either have increasing or decreasing moment versus temperature slopes depending on the material at physiological temperatures and different MRI magnetic field strengths. METHODS Two iron-rhodium samples of different purity (99% and 99.9%) and a lanthanum-iron-silicon sample were obtained from commercial vendors. Temperature and magnetic field-dependent magnetic moment measurements of the samples were performed on a vibrating sample magnetometer. Temperature-dependent MRI of different iron-rhodium and lanthanum-iron-silicon samples were performed on 3 different MRI scanners at 1 Tesla (T), 4.7T, and 7T. RESULTS Sharp, first-order magnetic phase transition of each iron-rhodium sample at a physiologically relevant temperature (~37°C) but at different MRI magnetic fields (1T, 4.7T, and 7T, depending on the sample) showed clear image contrast changes in temperature-dependent MRI. Iron-rhodium and lanthanum-iron-silicon samples with sharp, first-order magnetic phase transitions at the same MRI field of 1T and physiological temperature of 37°C, but with positive and negative slope of magnetization versus temperature, respectively, showed clear inverse contrast image changes. Temperature-dependent MRI on individual microparticle samples of lanthanum-iron-silicon also showed sharp image contrast changes. CONCLUSION Magnetocaloric materials of different purity and composition were demonstrated to act as diverse high contrast ratio switchable MRI contrast agents. Thus, we show that a range of magnetocaloric materials can be optimized for unique image contrast response under MRI-appropriate conditions at physiological temperatures and be controllably switched in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mladen Barbic
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute-Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, Virginia, USA
| | - Stephen J Dodd
- Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, NIH/NINDS, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hatem ElBidweihy
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Barbara Marcheschi
- Optical Sciences Division, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alan L Huston
- Optical Sciences Division, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Alan P Koretsky
- Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, NIH/NINDS, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Barui S, Cauda V. Multimodal Decorations of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Improved Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E527. [PMID: 32521802 PMCID: PMC7355899 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of leaky vasculature and the lack of lymphatic drainage of small structures by the solid tumors formulate nanoparticles as promising delivery vehicles in cancer therapy. In particular, among various nanoparticles, the mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) exhibit numerous outstanding features, including mechanical thermal and chemical stability, huge surface area and ordered porous interior to store different anti-cancer therapeutics with high loading capacity and tunable release mechanisms. Furthermore, one can easily decorate the surface of MSN by attaching ligands for active targeting specifically to the cancer region exploiting overexpressed receptors. The controlled release of drugs to the disease site without any leakage to healthy tissues can be achieved by employing environment responsive gatekeepers for the end-capping of MSN. To achieve precise cancer chemotherapy, the most desired delivery system should possess high loading efficiency, site-specificity and capacity of controlled release. In this review we will focus on multimodal decorations of MSN, which is the most demanding ongoing approach related to MSN application in cancer therapy. Herein, we will report about the recently tried efforts for multimodal modifications of MSN, exploiting both the active targeting and stimuli responsive behavior simultaneously, along with individual targeted delivery and stimuli responsive cancer therapy using MSN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valentina Cauda
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy;
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31
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Molecular imaging of inflammation - Current and emerging technologies for diagnosis and treatment. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 211:107550. [PMID: 32325067 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a key factor in multiple diseases including primary immune-mediated inflammatory diseases e.g. rheumatoid arthritis but also, less obviously, in many other common conditions, e.g. cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Together, chronic inflammatory diseases contribute to the majority of global morbidity and mortality. However, our understanding of the underlying processes by which the immune response is activated and sustained is limited by a lack of cellular and molecular information obtained in situ. Molecular imaging is the visualization, detection and quantification of molecules in the body. The ability to reveal information on inflammatory biomarkers, pathways and cells can improve disease diagnosis, guide and monitor therapeutic intervention and identify new targets for research. The optimum molecular imaging modality will possess high sensitivity and high resolution and be capable of non-invasive quantitative imaging of multiple disease biomarkers while maintaining an acceptable safety profile. The mainstays of current clinical imaging are computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound (US) and nuclear imaging such as positron emission tomography (PET). However, none of these have yet progressed to routine clinical use in the molecular imaging of inflammation, therefore new approaches are required to meet this goal. This review sets out the respective merits and limitations of both established and emerging imaging modalities as clinically useful molecular imaging tools in addition to potential theranostic applications.
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32
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Topping GJ, Hundshammer C, Nagel L, Grashei M, Aigner M, Skinner JG, Schulte RF, Schilling F. Acquisition strategies for spatially resolved magnetic resonance detection of hyperpolarized nuclei. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 33:221-256. [PMID: 31811491 PMCID: PMC7109201 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-019-00807-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hyperpolarization is an emerging method in magnetic resonance imaging that allows nuclear spin polarization of gases or liquids to be temporarily enhanced by up to five or six orders of magnitude at clinically relevant field strengths and administered at high concentration to a subject at the time of measurement. This transient gain in signal has enabled the non-invasive detection and imaging of gas ventilation and diffusion in the lungs, perfusion in blood vessels and tissues, and metabolic conversion in cells, animals, and patients. The rapid development of this method is based on advances in polarizer technology, the availability of suitable probe isotopes and molecules, improved MRI hardware and pulse sequence development. Acquisition strategies for hyperpolarized nuclei are not yet standardized and are set up individually at most sites depending on the specific requirements of the probe, the object of interest, and the MRI hardware. This review provides a detailed introduction to spatially resolved detection of hyperpolarized nuclei and summarizes novel and previously established acquisition strategies for different key areas of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey J Topping
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Hundshammer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Luca Nagel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Grashei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Aigner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jason G Skinner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Franz Schilling
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Wei Z, Jiang Z, Pan C, Xia J, Xu K, Xue T, Yuan B, Akakuru OU, Zhu C, Zhang G, Mao Z, Qiu X, Wu A, Shen Z. Ten-Gram-Scale Facile Synthesis of Organogadolinium Complex Nanoparticles for Tumor Diagnosis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1906870. [PMID: 32091159 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201906870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The market of available contrast agents for clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been dominated by gadolinium (Gd) chelates based T1 contrast agents for decades. However, there are growing concerns about their safety because they are retained in the body and are nephrotoxic, which necessitated a warning by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration against the use of such contrast agents. To ameliorate these problems, it is necessary to improve the MRI efficiency of such contrast agents to allow the administration of much reduced dosages. In this study, a ten-gram-scale facile method is developed to synthesize organogadolinium complex nanoparticles (i.e., reductive bovine serum albumin stabilized Gd-salicylate nanoparticles, GdSalNPs-rBSA) with high r1 value of 19.51 mm-1 s-1 and very low r2 /r1 ratio of 1.21 (B0 = 1.5 T) for high-contrast T1 -weighted MRI of tumors. The GdSalNPs-rBSA nanoparticles possess more advantages including low synthesis cost (≈0.54 USD per g), long in vivo circulation time (t1/2 = 6.13 h), almost no Gd3+ release, and excellent biosafety. Moreover, the GdSalNPs-rBSA nanoparticles demonstrate excellent in vivo MRI contrast enhancement (signal-to-noise ratio (ΔSNR) ≈ 220%) for tumor diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenni Wei
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
- Department of Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, 166 Renai Road, Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Zhenqi Jiang
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Chunshu Pan
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 41 Northwest Street, Jiangbei District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Jianbi Xia
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 41 Northwest Street, Jiangbei District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Kaiwei Xu
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University School of Medicine, 247 Renmin Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315020, China
| | - Ting Xue
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Ozioma Udochukwu Akakuru
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Chengjie Zhu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Guilong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350 Shushan Lake Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - Zheng Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 398 Ruoshui Road, Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xiaozhong Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Zhenhai District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Zheyu Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
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Ng TS, Garlin MA, Weissleder R, Miller MA. Improving nanotherapy delivery and action through image-guided systems pharmacology. Theranostics 2020; 10:968-997. [PMID: 31938046 PMCID: PMC6956809 DOI: 10.7150/thno.37215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in the translation of therapeutic nanoparticles (TNPs) into the clinic, the field continues to face challenges in predictably and selectively delivering nanomaterials for the treatment of solid cancers. The concept of enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) has been coined as a convenient but simplistic descriptor of high TNP accumulation in some tumors. However, in practice EPR represents a number of physiological variables rather than a single one (including dysfunctional vasculature, compromised lymphatics and recruited host cells, among other aspects of the tumor microenvironment) — each of which can be highly heterogenous within a given tumor, patient and across patients. Therefore, a clear need exists to dissect the specific biophysical factors underlying the EPR effect, to formulate better TNP designs, and to identify patients with high-EPR tumors who are likely to respond to TNP. The overall pharmacology of TNP is governed by an interconnected set of spatially defined and dynamic processes that benefit from a systems-level quantitative approach, and insights into the physiology have profited from the marriage between in vivo imaging and quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) methodologies. In this article, we review recent developments pertinent to image-guided systems pharmacology of nanomedicines in oncology. We first discuss recent developments of quantitative imaging technologies that enable analysis of nanomaterial pharmacology at multiple spatiotemporal scales, and then examine reports that have adopted these imaging technologies to guide QSP approaches. In particular, we focus on studies that have integrated multi-scale imaging with computational modeling to derive insights about the EPR effect, as well as studies that have used modeling to guide the manipulation of the EPR effect and other aspects of the tumor microenvironment for improving TNP action. We anticipate that the synergistic combination of imaging with systems-level computational methods for effective clinical translation of TNPs will only grow in relevance as technologies increase in resolution, multiplexing capability, and in the ability to examine heterogeneous behaviors at the single-cell level.
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Shen Z, Fan W, Yang Z, Liu Y, Bregadze VI, Mandal SK, Yung BC, Lin L, Liu T, Tang W, Shan L, Liu Y, Zhu S, Wang S, Yang W, Bryant LH, Nguyen DT, Wu A, Chen X. Exceedingly Small Gadolinium Oxide Nanoparticles with Remarkable Relaxivities for Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Tumors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1903422. [PMID: 31448577 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201903422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Gd chelates have occupied most of the market of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents for decades. However, there have been some problems (nephrotoxicity, non-specificity, and low r1 ) that limit their applications. Herein, a wet-chemical method is proposed for facile synthesis of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) stabilized exceedingly small gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (ES-GON-PAA) with an excellent water dispersibility and a size smaller than 2.0 nm, which is a powerful T1 -weighted MRI contrast agent for diagnosis of diseases due to its remarkable relaxivities (r1 = 70.2 ± 1.8 mM-1 s-1 , and r2 /r1 = 1.02 ± 0.03, at 1.5 T). The r1 is much higher and the r2 /r1 is lower than that of the commercial Gd chelates and reported gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (GONs). Further ES-GON-PAA is developed with conjugation of RGD2 (RGD dimer) (i.e., ES-GON-PAA@RGD2) for T1 -weighted MRI of tumors that overexpress RGD receptors (i.e., integrin αv β3 ). The maximum signal enhancement (ΔSNR) for T1 -weighted MRI of tumors reaches up to 372 ± 56% at 2 h post-injection of ES-GON-PAA@RGD2, which is much higher than commercial Gd-chelates (<80%). Due to the high biocompatibility and high tumor accumulation, ES-GON-PAA@RGD2 with remarkable relaxivities is a promising and powerful T1 -weighted MRI contrast agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyu Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province, Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhong-guan West Road, Ning-bo, Zhe-jiang, 315201, China
| | - Wenpei Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zhen Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yijing Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Vladimir I Bregadze
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 28, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, India
| | - Bryant C Yung
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lisen Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lingling Shan
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Shoujun Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sheng Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Weijing Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - L Henry Bryant
- Laboratory of Diagnostic Radiology Research, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Duong T Nguyen
- Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province, Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhong-guan West Road, Ning-bo, Zhe-jiang, 315201, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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Shimon D, van Schooten KJ, Paul S, Peng Z, Takahashi S, Köckenberger W, Ramanathan C. DNP-NMR of surface hydrogen on silicon microparticles. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 101:68-75. [PMID: 31128358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) offers a promising route to studying local atomic environments at the surface of both crystalline and amorphous materials. We take advantage of unpaired electrons due to defects close to the surface of the silicon microparticles to hyperpolarize adjacent 1H nuclei. At 3.3 T and 4.2 K, we observe the presence of two proton peaks, each with a linewidth on the order of 5 kHz. Echo experiments indicate a homogeneous linewidth of ∼150-300 Hz for both peaks, indicative of a sparse distribution of protons in both environments. The high frequency peak at 10 ppm lies within the typical chemical shift range for proton NMR, and was found to be relatively stable over repeated measurements. The low frequency peak was found to vary in position between -19 and -37 ppm, well outside the range of typical proton NMR shifts, and indicative of a high-degree of chemical shielding. The low frequency peak was also found to vary significantly in intensity across different experimental runs, suggesting a weakly-bound species. These results suggest that the hydrogen is located in two distinct microscopic environments on the surface of these Si particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphna Shimon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.
| | - Kipp J van Schooten
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Subhradip Paul
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Zaili Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Susumu Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Walter Köckenberger
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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Ha M, Thiessen AN, Sergeyev IV, Veinot JGC, Michaelis VK. Endogenous dynamic nuclear polarization NMR of hydride-terminated silicon nanoparticles. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 100:77-84. [PMID: 31015058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) are intriguing materials and their properties fascinate the broader scientific community; they are also attractive to the biological and materials science sub-disciplines because of their established biological and environmental compatibility, as well as their far-reaching practical applications. While characterization of the particle nanostructure can be performed using 29Si solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, poor sensitivity due to low Boltzmann population and long acquisition times hinder in-depth studies of these potentially game-changing materials. In this study, we compare two dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) NMR protocols to boost 29Si sensitivity in hydride-terminated SiNPs. First, we assess a traditional indirect DNP approach, where a nitroxide biradical (AMUPol or bCTbk) is incorporated into a glassing agent and transferred through protons (e- → 1H → 29Si) to enhance the silicon. In this mode, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy demonstrated that the hydride-terminated surface was highly reactive with the exogenous biradicals, thus decomposing the radicals within hours and resulting in an enhancement factor, ε, of 3 (TB = 15 s) for the 64 nm SiNP, revealing the surface components. Secondly, direct DNP NMR methods were used to enhance the silicon without the addition of an exogenous radical (i.e., use of dangling bonds as an endogenous radical source). With radical concentrations <1 mM, 29Si enhancements were obtained for the series of SiNPs ranging from 3 to 64 nm. The ability to use direct 29Si DNP transfer (e- → 29Si) shows promise for DNP studies of these inorganic nanomaterials (ε = 6 (TB = 79 min) for 64 nm SiNPs) with highly reactive surfaces, showing the sub-surface and core features. These preliminary findings lay a foundation for future endogenous radical development through tailoring the surface chemistry, targeting further sensitivity gains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Ha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | | | - Ivan V Sergeyev
- Bruker-Biospin Corporation, 15 Fortune Drive, Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
| | - Jonathan G C Veinot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G2, Canada.
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Phase-Encoded Hyperpolarized Nanodiamond for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5950. [PMID: 30976049 PMCID: PMC6459867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42373-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface-functionalized nanomaterials are of interest as theranostic agents that detect disease and track biological processes using hyperpolarized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Candidate materials are sparse however, requiring spinful nuclei with long spin-lattice relaxation (T1) and spin-dephasing times (T2), together with a reservoir of electrons to impart hyperpolarization. Here, we demonstrate the versatility of the nanodiamond material system for hyperpolarized 13C MRI, making use of its intrinsic paramagnetic defect centers, hours-long nuclear T1 times, and T2 times suitable for spatially resolving millimeter-scale structures. Combining these properties, we enable a new imaging modality, unique to nanoparticles, that exploits the phase-contrast between spins encoded with a hyperpolarization that is aligned, or anti-aligned with the external magnetic field. The use of phase-encoded hyperpolarization allows nanodiamonds to be tagged and distinguished in an MRI based on their spin-orientation alone, and could permit the action of specific bio-functionalized complexes to be directly compared and imaged.
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Kesse S, Boakye-Yiadom KO, Ochete BO, Opoku-Damoah Y, Akhtar F, Filli MS, Asim Farooq M, Aquib M, Maviah Mily BJ, Murtaza G, Wang B. Mesoporous Silica Nanomaterials: Versatile Nanocarriers for Cancer Theranostics and Drug and Gene Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E77. [PMID: 30781850 PMCID: PMC6410079 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanomaterials (MSNs) have made remarkable achievements and are being thought of by researchers as materials that can be used to effect great change in cancer therapies, gene delivery, and drug delivery because of their optically transparent properties, flexible size, functional surface, low toxicity profile, and very good drug loading competence. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) show a very high loading capacity for therapeutic agents. It is well known that cancer is one of the most severe known medical conditions, characterized by cells that grow and spread rapidly. Thus, curtailing cancer is one of the greatest current challenges for scientists. Nanotechnology is an evolving field of study, encompassing medicine, engineering, and science, and it has evolved over the years with respect to cancer therapy. This review outlines the applications of mesoporous nanomaterials in the field of cancer theranostics, as well as drug and gene delivery. MSNs employed as therapeutic agents, as well as their importance and future prospects in the ensuing generation of cancer theranostics and drug and therapeutic gene delivery, are discussed herein. Thus, the use of mesoporous silica nanomaterials can be seen as using one stone to kill three birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Kesse
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Kofi Oti Boakye-Yiadom
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Belynda Owoya Ochete
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Yaw Opoku-Damoah
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Fahad Akhtar
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Mensura Sied Filli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Muhammad Asim Farooq
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Md Aquib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Bazezy Joelle Maviah Mily
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus 54600, Pakistan.
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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Yang K, Willke P, Bae Y, Ferrón A, Lado JL, Ardavan A, Fernández-Rossier J, Heinrich AJ, Lutz CP. Electrically controlled nuclear polarization of individual atoms. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 13:1120-1125. [PMID: 30397285 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-018-0296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear spins serve as sensitive probes in chemistry1 and materials science2 and are promising candidates for quantum information processing3-6. NMR, the resonant control of nuclear spins, is a powerful tool for probing local magnetic environments in condensed matter systems, which range from magnetic ordering in high-temperature superconductors7,8 and spin liquids9 to quantum magnetism in nanomagnets10,11. Increasing the sensitivity of NMR to the single-atom scale is challenging as it requires a strong polarization of nuclear spins, well in excess of the low polarizations obtained at thermal equilibrium, as well as driving and detecting them individually4,5,12. Strong nuclear spin polarization, known as hyperpolarization, can be achieved through hyperfine coupling with electron spins2. The fundamental mechanism is the conservation of angular momentum: an electron spin flips and a nuclear spin flops. The nuclear hyperpolarization enables applications such as in vivo magnetic resonance imaging using nanoparticles13, and is harnessed for spin-based quantum information processing in quantum dots14 and doped silicon15-17. Here we polarize the nuclear spins of individual copper atoms on a surface using a spin-polarized current in a scanning tunnelling microscope. By employing the electron-nuclear flip-flop hyperfine interaction, the spin angular momentum is transferred from tunnelling electrons to the nucleus of individual Cu atoms. The direction and magnitude of the nuclear polarization is controlled by the direction and amplitude of the current. The nuclear polarization permits the detection of the NMR of individual Cu atoms, which is used to sense the local magnetic environment of the Cu electron spin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Philip Willke
- IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, USA
- Center for Quantum Nanoscience, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujeong Bae
- IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA, USA
- Center for Quantum Nanoscience, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Alejandro Ferrón
- Instituto de Modelado e Innovación Tecnológica (CONICET-UNNE) and Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Jose L Lado
- QuantaLab, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Arzhang Ardavan
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Rossier
- QuantaLab, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
| | - Andreas J Heinrich
- Center for Quantum Nanoscience, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Skinner JG, Menichetti L, Flori A, Dost A, Schmidt AB, Plaumann M, Gallagher FA, Hövener JB. Metabolic and Molecular Imaging with Hyperpolarised Tracers. Mol Imaging Biol 2018; 20:902-918. [PMID: 30120644 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1265-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since reaching the clinic, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an irreplaceable radiological tool because of the macroscopic information it provides across almost all organs and soft tissues within the human body, all without the need for ionising radiation. The sensitivity of MR, however, is too low to take full advantage of the rich chemical information contained in the MR signal. Hyperpolarisation techniques have recently emerged as methods to overcome the sensitivity limitations by enhancing the MR signal by many orders of magnitude compared to the thermal equilibrium, enabling a new class of metabolic and molecular X-nuclei based MR tracers capable of reporting on metabolic processes at the cellular level. These hyperpolarised (HP) tracers have the potential to elucidate the complex metabolic processes of many organs and pathologies, with studies so far focusing on the fields of oncology and cardiology. This review presents an overview of hyperpolarisation techniques that appear most promising for clinical use today, such as dissolution dynamic nuclear polarisation (d-DNP), parahydrogen-induced hyperpolarisation (PHIP), Brute force hyperpolarisation and spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP), before discussing methods for tracer detection, emerging metabolic tracers and applications and progress in preclinical and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Graham Skinner
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Luca Menichetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Flori
- Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Dost
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Benjamin Schmidt
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Section Biomedical Imaging and MOIN CC, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus Plaumann
- Institute of Biometrics and Medical Informatics, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging and MOIN CC, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
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Gao X, Guo L, Li J, Thu HE, Hussain Z. Nanomedicines guided nanoimaging probes and nanotherapeutics for early detection of lung cancer and abolishing pulmonary metastasis: Critical appraisal of newer developments and challenges to clinical transition. J Control Release 2018; 292:29-57. [PMID: 30359665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is the second most prevalent type of cancer and primary cause of mortality among both men and women, worldwide. The most commonly employed diagnostic modalities for LC include chest X-ray (CXR), magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT-scan), and fused-positron-emitting-tomography-CT (PET-CT). Owing to several limitations associated with the use of conventional diagnostic tools such as radiation burden to the patient, misleading diagnosis ("missed lung cancer"), false staging and low sensitivity and resolution, contemporary diagnostic regimen needed to be employed for screening of LC. In recent decades, nanotechnology-guided interventions have been transpired as emerging nanoimaging probes for detection of LC at advanced stages, while producing signal amplification, better resolution for surface and deep tissue imaging, and enhanced translocation and biodistribution of imaging probes within the cancerous tissues. Besides enormous potential of nanoimaging probes, nanotechnology-based advancements have also been evidenced for superior efficacy for treatment of LC and abolishing pulmonary metastasis (PM). The success of nanotherapeutics is due to their ability to maximise translocation and biodistribution of anti-neoplastic agents into the tumor tissues, improve pharmacokinetic profiles of anti-metastatic agents, optimise target-specific drug delivery, and control release kinetics of encapsulated moieties in target tissues. This review aims to overview and critically discuss the superiority of nanoimaging probes and nanotherapeutics over conventional regimen for early detection of LC and abolishing PM. Current challenges to clinical transition of nanoimaging probes and therapeutic viability of nanotherapeutics for treatment for LC and PM have also been pondered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Lihua Guo
- Department of Nephrology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Jianqiang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Hnin Ei Thu
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, Faculty of Dentistry, Lincoln University College, Jalan Stadium, SS 7/15, Kelana Jaya, 47301 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
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43
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Luo D, Cui S, Liu Y, Shi C, Song Q, Qin X, Zhang T, Xue Z, Wang T. Biocompatibility of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Nanoprobes Improved by Transformable Gadolinium Oxide Nanocoils. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:14211-14216. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biogas Upgrading Utilization, China University of Petroleum Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Shengjie Cui
- Department of Orthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunyan Shi
- Department of
Radiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qian Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhenjie Xue
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tie Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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44
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Shen Z, Song J, Zhou Z, Yung BC, Aronova MA, Li Y, Dai Y, Fan W, Liu Y, Li Z, Ruan H, Leapman RD, Lin L, Niu G, Chen X, Wu A. Dotted Core-Shell Nanoparticles for T 1 -Weighted MRI of Tumors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1803163. [PMID: 29972604 PMCID: PMC6320323 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201803163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Gd-based T 1 -weighted contrast agents have dominated the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent market for decades. Nevertheless, they are reported to be nephrotoxic and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has issued a general warning concerning their use. In order to reduce the risk of nephrotoxicity, the MRI performance of the Gd-based T 1 -weighted contrast agents needs to be improved to allow a much lower dosage. In this study, novel dotted core-shell nanoparticles (FeGd-HN3-RGD2) with superhigh r 1 value (70.0 mM-1 s-1 ) and very low r 2 /r 1 ratio (1.98) are developed for high-contrast T 1 -weighted MRI of tumors. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and histological analyses show good biocompatibility of FeGd-HN3-RGD2. Laser scanning confocal microscopy images and flow cytometry demonstrate active targeting to integrin αv β3 positive tumors. MRI of tumors shows high tumor ΔSNR for FeGd-HN3-RGD2 (477 ± 44%), which is about 6-7-fold higher than that of Magnevist (75 ± 11%). MRI and inductively coupled plasma results further confirm that the accumulation of FeGd-HN3-RGD2 in tumors is higher than liver and spleen due to the RGD2 targeting and small hydrodynamic particle size (8.5 nm), and FeGd-HN3-RGD2 is readily cleared from the body by renal excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyu Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province, Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhong-guan West Road, Ning-bo, Zhe-jiang, 315201, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jibin Song
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zijian Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Bryant C Yung
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Maria A Aronova
- Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Yunlu Dai
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Wenpei Fan
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yijing Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zihou Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province, Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhong-guan West Road, Ning-bo, Zhe-jiang, 315201, China
| | - Huimin Ruan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province, Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhong-guan West Road, Ning-bo, Zhe-jiang, 315201, China
| | - Richard D Leapman
- Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lisen Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Gang Niu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Aiguo Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Additive Manufacturing Materials of Zhejiang Province, Division of Functional Materials and Nanodevices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1219 Zhong-guan West Road, Ning-bo, Zhe-jiang, 315201, China
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Seo H, Choi I, Whiting N, Hu J, Luu QS, Pudakalakatti S, McCowan C, Kim Y, Zacharias N, Lee S, Bhattacharya P, Lee Y. Hyperpolarized Porous Silicon Nanoparticles: Potential Theragnostic Material for29Si Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2143-2147. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonglim Seo
- Department of Bionano Technology; Hanyang University; Ansan 15588 South Korea
| | - Ikjang Choi
- Department of Bionano Technology; Hanyang University; Ansan 15588 South Korea
| | - Nicholas Whiting
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX 77030 USA
- Current address: Department of Physics & Astronomy, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biosciences; Rowan University; Glassboro, New Jersey 08028 USA
| | - Jingzhe Hu
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Quy Son Luu
- Department of Bionano Technology; Hanyang University; Ansan 15588 South Korea
| | - Shivanand Pudakalakatti
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Caitlin McCowan
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Yaewon Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Texas A&M University College Station; TX 77843 USA
| | - Niki Zacharias
- Department of Urology; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Seunghyun Lee
- Department of Nanochemistry; Gachon University; Seongnam 13120 South Korea
| | - Pratip Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX 77030 USA
| | - Youngbok Lee
- Department of Bionano Technology; Hanyang University; Ansan 15588 South Korea
- Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering; Hanyang University; Ansan 15588 South Korea
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Karaman DŞ, Sarparanta MP, Rosenholm JM, Airaksinen AJ. Multimodality Imaging of Silica and Silicon Materials In Vivo. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1703651. [PMID: 29388264 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201703651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in the development of silica- and silicon-based multimodality imaging nanoprobes has advanced their use in image-guided drug delivery, and the development of novel systems for nanotheranostic and diagnostic applications. As biocompatible and flexibly tunable materials, silica and silicon provide excellent platforms with high clinical potential in nanotheranostic and diagnostic probes with well-defined morphology and surface chemistry, yielding multifunctional properties. In vivo imaging is of great value in the exploration of methods for improving site-specific nanotherapeutic delivery by silica- and silicon-based drug-delivery systems. Multimodality approaches are essential for understanding the biological interactions of nanotherapeutics in the physiological environment in vivo. The aim here is to describe recent advances in the development of in vivo imaging tools based on nanostructured silica and silicon, and their applications in single and multimodality imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didem Şen Karaman
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, BioCity, Tykistökatu 6A, FI, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Mirkka P Sarparanta
- Department of Chemistry-Radiochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, POB 55, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jessica M Rosenholm
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, BioCity, Tykistökatu 6A, FI, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Anu J Airaksinen
- Department of Chemistry-Radiochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, POB 55, FI-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Timm KN, Miller JJ, Henry JA, Tyler DJ. Cardiac applications of hyperpolarised magnetic resonance. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 106-107:66-87. [PMID: 31047602 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death world-wide. It is increasingly recognised that cardiac pathologies show, or may even be caused by, changes in metabolism, leading to impaired cardiac energetics. The heart turns over 15 times its own weight in ATP every day and thus relies heavily on the availability of substrates and on efficient oxidation to generate this ATP. A number of old and emerging drugs that target different aspects of metabolism are showing promising results with regard to improved cardiac outcomes in patients. A non-invasive imaging technique that could assess the role of different aspects of metabolism in heart disease, as well as measure changes in cardiac energetics due to treatment, would be valuable in the routine clinical care of cardiac patients. Hyperpolarised magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging have revolutionised metabolic imaging, allowing real-time metabolic flux assessment in vivo for the first time. In this review we summarise metabolism in the healthy and diseased heart, give an introduction to the hyperpolarisation technique, 'dynamic nuclear polarisation' (DNP), and review the preclinical studies that have thus far explored healthy cardiac metabolism and different models of human heart disease. We furthermore show what advances have been made to translate this technique into the clinic, what technical challenges still remain and what unmet clinical needs and unexplored metabolic substrates still need to be assessed by researchers in this exciting and fast-moving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin N Timm
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK.
| | - Jack J Miller
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK; Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, UK.
| | - John A Henry
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK.
| | - Damian J Tyler
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
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A State-of-the-Art Review of Nanoparticles Application in Petroleum with a Focus on Enhanced Oil Recovery. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8060871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Ekkelenkamp AE, Elzes MR, Engbersen JFJ, Paulusse JMJ. Responsive crosslinked polymer nanogels for imaging and therapeutics delivery. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:210-235. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02239e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanogels are water-soluble crosslinked polymer networks with tremendous potential in targeted imaging and controlled drug and gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonie E. Ekkelenkamp
- Department of Biomolecular Nanotechnology
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- University of Twente
- Enschede
| | - M. Rachèl Elzes
- Department of Biomolecular Nanotechnology
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- University of Twente
- Enschede
| | - Johan F. J. Engbersen
- Department of Controlled Drug Delivery
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- University of Twente
- Enschede
| | - Jos M. J. Paulusse
- Department of Biomolecular Nanotechnology
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- University of Twente
- Enschede
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Kwiatkowski G, Jähnig F, Steinhauser J, Wespi P, Ernst M, Kozerke S. Direct hyperpolarization of micro- and nanodiamonds for bioimaging applications - Considerations on particle size, functionalization and polarization loss. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2018; 286:42-51. [PMID: 29183003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to the inherently long relaxation time of 13C spins in diamond, the nuclear polarization enhancement obtained with dynamic nuclear polarization can be preserved for a time on the order of about one hour, opening up an opportunity to use diamonds as a new class of long-lived contrast agents. The present communication explores the feasibility of using 13C spins in directly hyperpolarized diamonds for MR imaging including considerations for potential in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabian Jähnig
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Steinhauser
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Wespi
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Kozerke
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Switzerland.
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