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Chohan MO, Fein H, Mirro S, O'Reilly KC, Veenstra-VanderWeele J. Repeated chemogenetic activation of dopaminergic neurons induces reversible changes in baseline and amphetamine-induced behaviors. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:2545-2560. [PMID: 37594501 PMCID: PMC10872888 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06448-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Repeated chemogenetic stimulation is often employed to study circuit function and behavior. Chronic or repeated agonist administration can result in homeostatic changes, but this has not been extensively studied with designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs). OBJECTIVES We sought to evaluate the impact of repeated DREADD activation of dopaminergic (DA) neurons on basal behavior, amphetamine response, and spike firing. We hypothesized that repeated DREADD activation would mimic compensatory effects that we observed with genetic manipulations of DA neurons. METHODS Excitatory hM3D(Gq) DREADDs were virally expressed in adult TH-Cre and WT mice. In a longitudinal design, clozapine N-oxide (CNO, 1.0 mg/kg) was administered repeatedly. We evaluated basal and CNO- or amphetamine (AMPH)-induced locomotion and stereotypy. DA neuronal activity was assessed using in vivo single-unit recordings. RESULTS Acute CNO administration increased locomotion, but basal locomotion decreased after repeated CNO exposure in TH-CrehM3Dq mice relative to littermate controls. Further, after repeated CNO administration, AMPH-induced hyperlocomotion and stereotypy were diminished in TH-CrehM3Dq mice relative to controls. Repeated CNO administration reduced DA neuronal firing in TH-CrehM3Dq mice relative to controls. A two-month CNO washout period rescued the decreases in basal locomotion and AMPH response. CONCLUSIONS We found that repeated DREADD activation of DA neurons evokes homeostatic changes that should be factored into the interpretation of chronic DREADD applications and their impact on circuit function and behavior. These effects are likely to also be seen in other neuronal systems and underscore the importance of studying neuroadaptive changes with chronic or repeated DREADD activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad O Chohan
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Halli Fein
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Barnard College of Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Sarah Mirro
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Barnard College of Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Kally C O'Reilly
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jeremy Veenstra-VanderWeele
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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Rezayof A, Ghasemzadeh Z, Sahafi OH. Addictive drugs modify neurogenesis, synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity to impair memory formation through neurotransmitter imbalances and signaling dysfunction. Neurochem Int 2023; 169:105572. [PMID: 37423274 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Drug abuse changes neurophysiological functions at multiple cellular and molecular levels in the addicted brain. Well-supported scientific evidence suggests that drugs negatively affect memory formation, decision-making and inhibition, and emotional and cognitive behaviors. The mesocorticolimbic brain regions are involved in reward-related learning and habitual drug-seeking/taking behaviors to develop physiological and psychological dependence on the drugs. This review highlights the importance of specific drug-induced chemical imbalances resulting in memory impairment through various neurotransmitter receptor-mediated signaling pathways. The mesocorticolimbic modifications in the expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) impair reward-related memory formation following drug abuse. The contributions of protein kinases and microRNAs (miRNAs), along with the transcriptional and epigenetic regulation have also been considered in memory impairment underlying drug addiction. Overall, we integrate the research on various types of drug-induced memory impairment in distinguished brain regions and provide a comprehensive review with clinical implications addressing the upcoming studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Rezayof
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Ghasemzadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Oveis Hosseinzadeh Sahafi
- Department of Neurophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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3
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Zhang X, Gu Y, Ma Y, Wu J, Chen Y, Tao K, Sun H, Liu Z, Wang X, Tian X. The Apelin/APJ system modulates seizure activity and endocytosis of the NMDA receptor GluN2B subunit. Neurochem Int 2023; 167:105545. [PMID: 37169180 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In the central nervous system (CNS), the apelin/APJ system is broadly expressed. According to some studies, activation of this system protects against excitotoxicity mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and exerts neuroprotective effects. However, the role of this system in epilepsy remains unclear. In the present study, immunofluorescence staining and western blotting were used to assess APJ localization and expression in the brains of mice with recurrent spontaneous seizures induced by kainic acid (KA). Behavior and local field potentials (LFPs) were assessed in mice with KA-induced seizures. Susceptibility to seizures was assessed in a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure model. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were used to evaluate the role of the apelin/APJ system in regulating synaptic transmission in brain slices from mice in which Mg2+-free medium was used to induce seizures. NMDA receptor GluN2B subunit expression and phosphorylation of GluN2B at Ser1480 were measured in the mouse hippocampus. APJ was primarily localized in neurons, and its expression was upregulated in the epileptic brain. APJ activation after KA-induced status epilepticus (SE) reduced epileptic activity, whereas APJ inhibition aggravated epileptic activity. In the PTZ model, APJ activation was reduced, and APJ inhibition increased susceptibility to seizures. The apelin/APJ system affected NMDA receptor-mediated postsynaptic currents in patch-clamp recordings. Moreover, APJ regulated the levels of GluN2B phosphorylated at Ser1480 and the abundance of cell-surface GluN2B in neurons. Furthermore, endocytosis of the NMDA receptor GluN2B subunit was regulated by the apelin/APJ system. Together, our findings indicate that the apelin/APJ system modulates seizure activity and may be a novel therapeutic target for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yixue Gu
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuanlin Ma
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Junhong Wu
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Kaiyan Tao
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Houchao Sun
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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GIRK Channels as Candidate Targets for the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102552. [PMID: 36289814 PMCID: PMC9599444 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are chronic, lifelong disorders that have serious consequences. Repeated substance use alters brain function. G-protein-activated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels are expressed widely in the brain, including the reward system, and regulate neuronal excitability. Functional GIRK channels are identified as heterotetramers of GIRK subunits (GIRK1–4). The GIRK1, GIRK2, and GIRK3 subunits are mainly expressed in rodent brain regions, and various addictive substances act on the brain through GIRK channels. Studies with animals (knockout and missense mutation animals) and humans have demonstrated the involvement of GIRK channels in the effects of addictive substances. Additionally, GIRK channel blockers affect behavioral responses to addictive substances. Thus, GIRK channels play a key role in SUDs, and GIRK channel modulators may be candidate medications. Ifenprodil is a GIRK channel blocker that does not have serious side effects. Two clinical trials were conducted to investigate the effects of ifenprodil in patients with alcohol or methamphetamine use disorder. Although the number of participants was relatively low, evidence of its safety and efficacy was found. The present review discusses the potential of GIRK channel modulators as possible medications for addiction. Therapeutic agents that target GIRK channels may be promising for the treatment of SUDs.
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Chohan MO, Yueh H, Fein H, Kopelman JM, Ahmari SE, Veenstra-VanderWeele J. Intact amphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization in mice with increased or decreased neuronal glutamate transporter SLC1A1/EAAT3. Neurochem Int 2022; 160:105418. [PMID: 36096294 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Repeated amphetamine treatment results in locomotor sensitization, a phenomenon that may relate to the development of psychosis and addiction. Evidence suggests that interactions between dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems are involved in amphetamine sensitization. We previously demonstrated that the neuronal excitatory amino acid transporter (Slc1a1/EAAT3) produces bidirectional, expression-dependent effects on the response to acute amphetamine. Here, using mice with decreased or increased expression of EAAT3, we found that chronic alterations in EAAT3 expression do not significantly impact amphetamine-induced locomotor sensitization. Compensation by other glutamate transporters cannot be ruled out in this important neuroadaptive phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad O Chohan
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hannah Yueh
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Halli Fein
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Barnard College of Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jared M Kopelman
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Susanne E Ahmari
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Jeremy Veenstra-VanderWeele
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
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Iwamura Y, Nakayama T, Matsumoto A, Ogi Y, Yamaguchi M, Kobayashi A, Matsumoto K, Katsura Y, Konoike N, Nakamura K, Ikeda K. Effect of dopamine receptor-related compounds on naive common marmosets for auditory steady state response. J Neurophysiol 2022; 128:229-238. [PMID: 35583977 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00147.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities of auditory steady state responses (ASSR) and the effects of antipsychotic drugs on ASSR have been investigated in patients with schizophrenia. It is presumed that effects of drugs do not directly reflect on ASSR, because of ASSR abnormalities associated with schizophrenia. Therefore, to investigate the direct effect of drugs on ASSR, we established an ASSR evaluation system for common marmosets in a naïve state. Dopamine D1 receptor stimulation (SKF-81297, 2 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) significantly increased evoked power (EP) at 40 Hz. The phase locking factor (PLF) was increased significantly at 20, 30, 40, and 80 Hz. However, the administration of a dopamine D1 receptor antagonist (SCH-39166, 0.3 mg/kg intraperitoneal) resulted in a significant decrease in EP and PLF at 30 Hz. Dopamine D2 receptor stimulation (quinpirole, 1 mg/kg, intramuscular) tended to increase EP and induced power (IP) at all frequencies, and a significant difference was observed at 30 Hz IP. There was no change in PLF at all frequencies. In addition, dopamine D2 receptor blockade (raclopride, 3 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) reduced EP and PLF at 30 Hz. Subcutaneous administration of the serotonin dopamine antagonist, risperidone (0.3 mg/kg), tended to increase IP and decrease PLF, but not significantly. Taken together, it is possible to compare the differences in the mode of action of drugs on ASSR using naïve non-human primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Iwamura
- Platform Technology Research Unit, Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma, Co., Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Nakayama
- Platform Technology Research Unit, Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma, Co., Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Matsumoto
- Platform Technology Research Unit, Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma, Co., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuji Ogi
- Platform Technology Research Unit, Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma, Co., Osaka, Japan
| | - Masataka Yamaguchi
- Platform Technology Research Unit, Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma, Co., Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kobayashi
- Platform Technology Research Unit, Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma, Co., Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsumoto
- Platform Technology Research Unit, Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma, Co., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasunori Katsura
- Platform Technology Research Unit, Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma, Co., Osaka, Japan
| | - Naho Konoike
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Katsuki Nakamura
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Ikeda
- Platform Technology Research Unit, Drug Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma, Co., Osaka, Japan
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7
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Yang G, Li J, Peng Y, Shen B, Li Y, Liu L, Wang C, Xu Y, Lin S, Zhang S, Tan Y, Zhang H, Zeng X, Li Q, Lu G. Ginsenoside Rb1 attenuates methamphetamine (METH)-induced neurotoxicity through the NR2B/ERK/CREB/BDNF signalings in vitro and in vivo models. J Ginseng Res 2022; 46:426-434. [PMID: 35600772 PMCID: PMC9120644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim This study investigates the effects of ginsenoside Rb1 (GsRb1) on methamphetamine (METH)-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and METH-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in adult Sprague-Dawley rats. It also examines whether GsRb1 can regulate these effects through the NR2B/ERK/CREB/BDNF signaling pathways. Methods SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with GsRb1 (20 μM and 40 μM) for 1 h, followed by METH treatment (2 mM) for 24 h. Rats were treated with METH (2 mg/kg) or saline on alternating days for 10 days to allow CPP to be examined. GsRb1 (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally 1 h before METH or saline. Western blot was used to examine the protein expression of NR2B, ERK, P-ERK, CREB, P-CREB, and BDNF in the SH-SY5Y cells and the rats' hippocampus, nucleus accumbens (NAc), and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Results METH dose-dependently reduced the viability of SH-SY5Y cells. Pretreatment of cells with 40 μM of GsRb1 increased cell viability and reduced the expression of METH-induced NR2B, p-ERK, p-CREB and BDNF. GsRb1 also attenuated the expression of METH CPP in a dose-dependent manner in rats. Further, GsRb1 dose-dependently reduced the expression of METH-induced NR2B, p-ERK, p-CREB, and BDNF in the PFC, hippocampus, and NAc of rats. Conclusion GsRb1 regulated METH-induced neurotoxicity in vitro and METH-induced CPP through the NR2B/ERK/CREB/BDNF regulatory pathway. GsRb1 could be a therapeutic target for treating METH-induced neurotoxicity or METH addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genmeng Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.,School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yanxia Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.,School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Baoyu Shen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.,School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.,School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Liu Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.,School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Chan Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.,School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yue Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.,School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shucheng Lin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.,School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.,School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yi Tan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.,School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.,School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.,School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qi Li
- SDIVF R&D Centre, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gang Lu
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Chohan MO, Kopelman JM, Yueh H, Fazlali Z, Greene N, Harris AZ, Balsam PD, Leonardo ED, Kramer ER, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, Ahmari SE. Developmental impact of glutamate transporter overexpression on dopaminergic neuron activity and stereotypic behavior. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:1515-1526. [PMID: 35058566 PMCID: PMC9106836 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01424-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disabling condition that often begins in childhood. Genetic studies in OCD have pointed to SLC1A1, which encodes the neuronal glutamate transporter EAAT3, with evidence suggesting that increased expression contributes to risk. In mice, midbrain Slc1a1 expression supports repetitive behavior in response to dopaminergic agonists, aligning with neuroimaging and pharmacologic challenge studies that have implicated the dopaminergic system in OCD. These findings suggest that Slc1a1 may contribute to compulsive behavior through altered dopaminergic transmission; however, this theory has not been mechanistically tested. To examine the developmental impact of Slc1a1 overexpression on compulsive-like behaviors, we, therefore, generated a novel mouse model to perform targeted, reversible overexpression of Slc1a1 in dopaminergic neurons. Mice with life-long overexpression of Slc1a1 showed a significant increase in amphetamine (AMPH)-induced stereotypy and hyperlocomotion. Single-unit recordings demonstrated that Slc1a1 overexpression was associated with increased firing of dopaminergic neurons. Furthermore, dLight1.1 fiber photometry showed that these behavioral abnormalities were associated with increased dorsal striatum dopamine release. In contrast, no impact of overexpression was observed on anxiety-like behaviors or SKF-38393-induced grooming. Importantly, overexpression solely in adulthood failed to recapitulate these behavioral phenotypes, suggesting that overexpression during development is necessary to generate AMPH-induced phenotypes. However, doxycycline-induced reversal of Slc1a1/EAAT3 overexpression in adulthood normalized both the increased dopaminergic firing and AMPH-induced responses. These data indicate that the pathologic effects of Slc1a1/EAAT3 overexpression on dopaminergic neurotransmission and AMPH-induced stereotyped behavior are developmentally mediated, and support normalization of EAAT3 activity as a potential treatment target for basal ganglia-mediated repetitive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad O. Chohan
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jared M. Kopelman
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hannah Yueh
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zeinab Fazlali
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natasha Greene
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA,Department of Psychology, Barnard College of Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Z. Harris
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter D. Balsam
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA,Department of Psychology, Barnard College of Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - E. David Leonardo
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edgar R. Kramer
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, Devon, UK
| | - Jeremy Veenstra-VanderWeele
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. .,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Susanne E. Ahmari
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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9
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Kotajima‐Murakami H, Takano A, Hirakawa S, Ogai Y, Funada D, Tanibuchi Y, Ban E, Kikuchi M, Tachimori H, Maruo K, Kawashima T, Tomo Y, Sasaki T, Oi H, Matsumoto T, Ikeda K. Ifenprodil for the treatment of methamphetamine use disorder: An exploratory, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2022; 42:92-104. [PMID: 35068087 PMCID: PMC8919120 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim No effective pharmacological interventions have been developed for patients with methamphetamine use disorder. Ifenprodil is a blocker of G protein‐activated inwardly rectifying potassium channels, which play a key role in the mechanism of action of addictive substances. We conducted a randomized, double‑blind, exploratory, dose‐ranging, placebo‐controlled trial to examine the clinical efficacy of ifenprodil for the treatment of methamphetamine use disorder. Methods Participants were assigned to three groups: placebo, 60 mg/d ifenprodil, or 120 mg/d ifenprodil. The drug administration period was 84 days. The primary outcome was the use or nonuse of methamphetamine during the drug administration period in the placebo group vs 120 mg/d ifenprodil group. We also assessed drug use status, relapse risk based on the Stimulant Relapse Risk Scale (SRRS), drug craving, and methamphetamine in urine as secondary outcomes. We further evaluated drug use status and SRRS subscale scores in patients who were not taking addiction medications during the study. Results Ifenprodil did not affect the primary or secondary outcomes. However, the additional analyses showed that the number of days of methamphetamine use during the follow‐up period and scores on the emotionality problems subscale of the SRRS improved in the 120 mg/d ifenprodil group. The safety of ifenprodil was confirmed in patients with methamphetamine use disorder. Conclusion The present findings did not confirm the efficacy of ifenprodil for methamphetamine use disorder treatment based on the primary or secondary outcomes, but we found evidence of its safety and efficacy in reducing emotionality problems. Clinical trial registration The study was registered at the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry (no. UMIN000030849) and Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (no. jRCTs031180080). The main registration site is jRCT (https://jrct.niph.go.jp/). We conducted an exploratory, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial to investigate the clinical safety and efficacy of ifenprodil for the treatment of methamphetamine use disorder in Japanese patients. Our findings confirmed the safety of ifenprodil, and ifenprodil at the highest dose exerted slight efficacy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Kotajima‐Murakami
- Addictive Substance Project Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science Tokyo Japan
- Department of Drug Dependence Research National Institute of Mental Health National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan
| | - Ayumi Takano
- Department of Drug Dependence Research National Institute of Mental Health National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan
| | - Shinya Hirakawa
- Department of Clinical Data Science Clinical Research & Education Promotion Division National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan
| | - Yasukazu Ogai
- Social Psychiatry and Mental Health Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - Daisuke Funada
- Department of Psychiatry National Centre Hospital National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuko Tanibuchi
- Department of Drug Dependence Research National Institute of Mental Health National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan
- Department of Psychiatry Chiba Hospital Chiba Japan
| | - Eriko Ban
- Department of Drug Dependence Research National Institute of Mental Health National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan
| | - Minako Kikuchi
- Department of Drug Dependence Research National Institute of Mental Health National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan
| | - Hisateru Tachimori
- Department of Clinical Data Science Clinical Research & Education Promotion Division National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan
| | - Kazushi Maruo
- Department of Biostatistics Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - Takahiro Kawashima
- Department of Clinical Data Science Clinical Research & Education Promotion Division National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan
| | - Yui Tomo
- Department of Clinical Data Science Clinical Research & Education Promotion Division National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sasaki
- Department of Child Psychiatry Chiba‐University Hospital Chiba Japan
| | - Hideki Oi
- Department of Clinical Research Promotion Translational Medical Centre National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan
| | - Toshihiko Matsumoto
- Department of Drug Dependence Research National Institute of Mental Health National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan
| | - Kazutaka Ikeda
- Addictive Substance Project Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science Tokyo Japan
- Department of Drug Dependence Research National Institute of Mental Health National Centre of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo Japan
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10
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Rapid Regulation of Glutamate Transport: Where Do We Go from Here? Neurochem Res 2022; 47:61-84. [PMID: 33893911 PMCID: PMC8542062 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03329-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate is the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). A family of five Na+-dependent transporters maintain low levels of extracellular glutamate and shape excitatory signaling. Shortly after the research group of the person being honored in this special issue (Dr. Baruch Kanner) cloned one of these transporters, his group and several others showed that their activity can be acutely (within minutes to hours) regulated. Since this time, several different signals and post-translational modifications have been implicated in the regulation of these transporters. In this review, we will provide a brief introduction to the distribution and function of this family of glutamate transporters. This will be followed by a discussion of the signals that rapidly control the activity and/or localization of these transporters, including protein kinase C, ubiquitination, glutamate transporter substrates, nitrosylation, and palmitoylation. We also include the results of our attempts to define the role of palmitoylation in the regulation of GLT-1 in crude synaptosomes. In some cases, the mechanisms have been fairly well-defined, but in others, the mechanisms are not understood. In several cases, contradictory phenomena have been observed by more than one group; we describe these studies with the goal of identifying the opportunities for advancing the field. Abnormal glutamatergic signaling has been implicated in a wide variety of psychiatric and neurologic disorders. Although recent studies have begun to link regulation of glutamate transporters to the pathogenesis of these disorders, it will be difficult to determine how regulation influences signaling or pathophysiology of glutamate without a better understanding of the mechanisms involved.
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Ztaou S, Oh SJ, Tepler S, Fleury S, Matamales M, Bertran-Gonzalez J, Chuhma N, Rayport S. Single Dose of Amphetamine Induces Delayed Subregional Attenuation of Cholinergic Interneuron Activity in the Striatum. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0196-21.2021. [PMID: 34462310 PMCID: PMC8454923 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0196-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychostimulants such as amphetamine (AMPH) target dopamine (DA) neuron synapses to engender drug-induced plasticity. While DA neurons modulate the activity of striatal (Str) cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) with regional heterogeneity, how AMPH affects ChI activity has not been elucidated. Here, we applied quantitative fluorescence imaging approaches to map the dose-dependent effects of a single dose of AMPH on ChI activity at 2.5 and 24 h after injection across the mouse Str using the activity-dependent marker phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 (p-rpS6240/244). AMPH did not affect the distribution or morphology of ChIs in any Str subregion. While AMPH at either dose had no effect on ChI activity after 2.5 h, ChI activity was dose dependently reduced after 24 h specifically in the ventral Str/nucleus accumbens (NAc), a critical site of psychostimulant action. AMPH at either dose did not affect the spontaneous firing of ChIs. Altogether this work demonstrates that a single dose of AMPH has delayed regionally heterogeneous effects on ChI activity, which most likely involves extra-Str synaptic input.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Ztaou
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Soo Jung Oh
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Sophia Tepler
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Sixtine Fleury
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Miriam Matamales
- Decision Neuroscience Laboratory, School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jesus Bertran-Gonzalez
- Decision Neuroscience Laboratory, School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Nao Chuhma
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Stephen Rayport
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
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12
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Yates JR, Campbell HL, Hawley LL, Horchar MJ, Kappesser JL, Wright MR. Effects of the GluN2B-selective antagonist Ro 63-1908 on acquisition and expression of methamphetamine conditioned place preference in male and female rats. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 225:108785. [PMID: 34052688 PMCID: PMC8282733 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methamphetamine abuse has increased significantly in recent years. Currently, there are no FDA-approved pharmacotherapies for the treatment of methamphetamine use disorder. The goal of the current study was to determine if the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) GluN2B-selective antagonist Ro 63-1908 can block the conditioned rewarding effects of methamphetamine as assessed in conditioned place preference (CPP). METHODS Two main experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, male (n = 24) and female (n = 24) rats received either vehicle or Ro 63-1908 (1.0-10.0 mg/kg) 30 min prior to the posttest to determine if blocking the GluN2B subunit attenuates expression of methamphetamine CPP. In the second experiment, male (n = 18) and female (n = 18) rats received either vehicle or Ro 63-1908 (1.0 or 3.0 mg/kg) 30 min prior to each conditioning session to determine if blocking the GluN2B subunit attenuates acquisition of methamphetamine CPP. RESULTS Ro 63-1908 (3.0 mg/kg) blocked acquisition of methamphetamine CPP in male rats, but only attenuated CPP in female rats. Ro 63-1908 did not alter expression of CPP in either sex. Increasing the dose of Ro 63-1908 (10.0 mg/kg) failed to block acquisition of CPP in an additional group of female rats (n = 6). A control experiment showed that Ro 63-1908 (3.0 mg/kg) did not produce CPP or conditioned place aversion in male rats (n = 6) or in female rats (n = 6). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show that Ro 63-1908 is able to decrease the conditioned rewarding effects of methamphetamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin R. Yates
- Department of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, 1 Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, KY, 41099, USA
| | - Hunter L. Campbell
- Department of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, 1 Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, KY, 41099, USA
| | - Lauren L. Hawley
- Department of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, 1 Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, KY, 41099, USA
| | - Matthew J. Horchar
- Department of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, 1 Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, KY, 41099, USA
| | - Joy L. Kappesser
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Kentucky University, 1 Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, KY, 41099, USA
| | - Makayla R. Wright
- Department of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, 1 Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, KY, 41099, USA
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13
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Escobar AP, Martínez-Pinto J, Silva-Olivares F, Sotomayor-Zárate R, Moya PR. Altered Grooming Syntax and Amphetamine-Induced Dopamine Release in EAAT3 Overexpressing Mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:661478. [PMID: 34234648 PMCID: PMC8255620 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.661478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The excitatory amino acid transporter EAAT3 plays an important role in the neuronal uptake of glutamate regulating the activation of glutamate receptors. Polymorphisms in the gene-encoding EAAT3 have been associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), although the mechanisms underlying this relationship are still unknown. We recently reported that mice with increased EAAT3 expression in forebrain neurons (EAAT3 g lo /CMKII) display behavioral and synaptic features relevant to OCD, including increased grooming, higher anxiety-like behavior and altered cortico-striatal synaptic function. The dopamine neurotransmitter system is implicated in ritualistic behaviors. Indeed, dopaminergic neurons express EAAT3, and mice lacking EAAT3 exhibit decreased dopamine release and decreased expression of the dopamine D1 receptor. Moreover, EAAT3 plays a role on the effect of the psychostimulant amphetamine. As such, we sought to determine if the OCD-like behavior in EAAT3 g lo /CMKII mice is accompanied by altered nigro-striatal dopaminergic transmission. The aim of this study was to analyze dopamine transmission both in basal conditions and after an acute challenge of amphetamine, using behavioral, neurochemical, molecular, and cellular approaches. We found that in basal conditions, EAAT3 g lo /CMKII mice performed more grooming events and that they remained in phase 1 of the grooming chain syntax compared with control littermates. Administration of amphetamine increased the number of grooming events in control mice, while EAAT3 g lo /CMKII mice remain unaffected. Interestingly, the grooming syntax of amphetamine-control mice resembled that of EAAT3 g lo /CMKII mice in basal conditions. Using in vivo microdialysis, we found decreased basal dopamine levels in EAAT3 g lo /CMKII compared with control mice. Unexpectedly, we found that after acute amphetamine, EAAT3 g lo /CMKII mice had a higher release of dopamine compared with that of control mice, suggesting that EAAT3 overexpression leads to increased dopamine releasability. To determine postsynaptic effect of EAAT3 overexpression over dopamine transmission, we performed Western blot analysis of dopaminergic proteins and found that EAAT3 g lo /CMKII mice have higher expression of D2 receptors, suggesting a higher inhibition of the indirect striatal pathway. Together, the data indicate that EAAT3 overexpression impacts on dopamine transmission, making dopamine neurons more sensitive to the effect of amphetamine and leading to a disbalance between the direct and indirect striatal pathways that favors the performance of repetitive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica P Escobar
- Facultad de Ciencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Jonathan Martínez-Pinto
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencias, Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Francisco Silva-Olivares
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencias, Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Ramón Sotomayor-Zárate
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencias, Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Pablo R Moya
- Facultad de Ciencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso (CINV), Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso, Chile
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14
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Ryan RM, Ingram SL, Scimemi A. Regulation of Glutamate, GABA and Dopamine Transporter Uptake, Surface Mobility and Expression. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:670346. [PMID: 33927596 PMCID: PMC8076567 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.670346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotransmitter transporters limit spillover between synapses and maintain the extracellular neurotransmitter concentration at low yet physiologically meaningful levels. They also exert a key role in providing precursors for neurotransmitter biosynthesis. In many cases, neurons and astrocytes contain a large intracellular pool of transporters that can be redistributed and stabilized in the plasma membrane following activation of different signaling pathways. This means that the uptake capacity of the brain neuropil for different neurotransmitters can be dynamically regulated over the course of minutes, as an indirect consequence of changes in neuronal activity, blood flow, cell-to-cell interactions, etc. Here we discuss recent advances in the mechanisms that control the cell membrane trafficking and biophysical properties of transporters for the excitatory, inhibitory and modulatory neurotransmitters glutamate, GABA, and dopamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renae M. Ryan
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Susan L. Ingram
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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15
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Fischer KD, Knackstedt LA, Rosenberg PA. Glutamate homeostasis and dopamine signaling: Implications for psychostimulant addiction behavior. Neurochem Int 2021; 144:104896. [PMID: 33159978 PMCID: PMC8489281 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cocaine, amphetamine, and methamphetamine abuse disorders are serious worldwide health problems. To date, there are no FDA-approved medications for the treatment of these disorders. Elucidation of the biochemical underpinnings contributing to psychostimulant addiction is critical for the development of effective therapies. Excitatory signaling and glutamate homeostasis are well known pathophysiological substrates underlying addiction-related behaviors spanning multiple types of psychostimulants. To alleviate relapse behavior to psychostimulants, considerable interest has focused on GLT-1, the major glutamate transporter in the brain. While many brain regions are implicated in addiction behavior, this review focuses on two regions well known for their role in mediating the effects of cocaine and amphetamines, namely the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA). In addition, because many investigators have utilized Cre-driver lines to selectively control gene expression in defined cell populations relevant for psychostimulant addiction, we discuss potential off-target effects of Cre-recombinase that should be considered in the design and interpretation of such experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn D Fischer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Lori A Knackstedt
- Psychology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Paul A Rosenberg
- Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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16
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Amphetamines signal through intracellular TAAR1 receptors coupled to Gα 13 and Gα S in discrete subcellular domains. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:1208-1223. [PMID: 31399635 PMCID: PMC7038576 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0469-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The extensive use of amphetamines to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorders in children provides a compelling rationale for understanding the mechanisms of action of amphetamines and amphetamine-related drugs. We have previously shown that acute amphetamine (AMPH) regulates the trafficking of both dopamine and glutamate transporters in dopamine neurons by increasing activation of the small GTPase RhoA and of protein kinase A. Here we demonstrate that these downstream signaling events depend upon the direct activation of a trace amine-associated receptor, TAAR1, an intracellular G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) that can be activated by amphetamines, trace amines, and biogenic amine metabolites. Using cell lines and mouse lines in which TAAR1 expression has been disrupted, we demonstrate that TAAR1 mediates the effects of AMPH on both RhoA and cAMP signaling. Inhibition of different Gα signaling pathways in cell lines and in vivo using small cell-permeable peptides confirms that the endogenous intracellular TAAR1 couples to G13 and to GS α-subunits to increase RhoA and PKA activity, respectively. Results from experiments with RhoA- and PKA-FRET sensors targeted to different subcellular compartments indicate that AMPH-elicited PKA activation occurs throughout the cell, whereas G13-mediated RhoA activation is concentrated near the endoplasmic reticulum. These observations define TAAR1 as an obligate intracellular target for amphetamines in dopamine neurons and support a model in which distinct pools of TAAR1 mediate the activation of signaling pathways in different compartments to regulate excitatory and dopaminergic neurotransmission.
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17
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Altered baseline and amphetamine-mediated behavioral profiles in dopamine transporter Cre (DAT-Ires-Cre) mice compared to tyrosine hydroxylase Cre (TH-Cre) mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:3553-3568. [PMID: 32778904 PMCID: PMC10120402 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05635-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Transgenic mouse lines expressing Cre-recombinase under the regulation of either dopamine transporter (DAT) or tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) promoters are commonly used to study the dopamine (DA) system. While use of the TH promoter appears to have less liability to changes in native gene expression, transgene insertion in the DAT locus results in reduced DAT expression and function. This confound is sometimes overlooked in genetically targeted behavioral experiments. OBJECTIVES We sought to evaluate the suitability of DAT-Ires-Cre and TH-Cre transgenic lines for behavioral pharmacology experiments with DA agonists. We hypothesized that DAT-Ires-Cre expression would impact DAT-mediated behaviors, but no impact of TH-Cre expression would be observed. METHODS DAT-Ires-Cre and TH-Cre mice bred on mixed 129S6/C57BL/6 and pure C57BL/6 backgrounds were evaluated for novelty-induced, baseline, and amphetamine (AMPH)-induced locomotion, and for AMPH and D1 agonist (SKF-38393)-induced preservative behaviors. RESULTS DAT-Ires-Cre mice on both mixed 129S6/C57BL/6 and pure C57BL/6 backgrounds displayed increased novelty-induced activity and decreased AMPH-induced locomotion, with mixed results for AMPH-induced stereotypy. TH-Cre mice on both backgrounds showed typical baseline activity and AMPH-induced stereotypy, with a difference in AMPH-induced locomotion observed only on the mixed background. Both transgenic lines displayed unaltered SKF-38393-induced grooming behavior. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the DAT-Ires-Cre transgenic line may lead to confounds for experiments that are dependent on DAT expression. The TH-Cre transgenic line studied here may be a more useful option, depending on background strain, because of its lack of baseline and drug-induced phenotypes. These data highlight the importance of appropriate controls in studies employing transgenic mice.
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18
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Ma CL, Li L, Yang GM, Zhang ZB, Zhao YN, Zeng XF, Zhang DX, Yu Y, Shi ZJ, Yan QW, Li LH, Hong SJ. Neuroprotective effect of gastrodin in methamphetamine-induced apoptosis through regulating cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway in cortical neuron. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:1118-1129. [PMID: 32162539 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120911438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Methamphetamine (MA) abuse induces neurotoxicity and causes neuronal cell apoptosis. Gastrodin is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used for the treatment of nerve injuries, spinal cord injuries, and some central nervous system diseases as well. The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of gastrodin against MA-induced neurotoxicity in neuronal cells and its potential protective mechanism. METHODS The primary cortex neuronal culture was divided into four groups (control group, MA group, MA + gastrodin group, and MA + gastrodin + small interfering RNA group). The neurotoxicity of MA was assessed by detecting apoptotic cells by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling assay and cell viability by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) method, the Tuj1-positive cells and the average axonal length were detected by immunofluorescence, and the expressions of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), protein kinase A (PKA), cAMP-response element-binding (CREB), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) proteins were detected by Western blot. RESULTS The results of CCK-8 assay showed that 0.5 mM MA was an optimal concentration that induced neurotoxicity (p < 0.01). Pretreatment with 25 mg/L gastrodin exerted maximum protective effects on neuronal cells. The expression levels of cAMP, PKA, phosphorylated PKA, CREB, phosphorylated CREB, and BDNF proteins were decreased in the MA group, and pretreatment with gastrodin upregulated the expression levels of these proteins (p < 0.01). The expressions of PKA and CREB proteins showed no significant changes in the control group, MA group, and gastrodin group. Compared the MA + gastrodin + small interfering RNA group with MA + gastrodin group, the Tuj1-positive cells and the average axonal length were decreased significantly, while the number of apoptotic cells was increased (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Gastrodin has neuroprotective effects against MA-induced neurotoxicity, which exerts neuroprotective effects via regulation of cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway and upregulates the expression of BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-L Ma
- The School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - L Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - G-M Yang
- The School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Z-B Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Laboratory Animal, School of Basic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Y-N Zhao
- School of International Education, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - X-F Zeng
- The School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - D-X Zhang
- The School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Z-J Shi
- The School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Q-W Yan
- The School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - L-H Li
- The School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - S-J Hong
- The School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
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19
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Bashkatova V, Philippu A. Role of nitric oxide in psychostimulant-induced neurotoxicity. AIMS Neurosci 2019; 6:191-203. [PMID: 32341976 PMCID: PMC7179361 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2019.3.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, consumption of psychostimulants has been significantly increased all over the world, while exact mechanisms of neurochemical effects of psychomotor stimulants remained unclear. It is assumed that the neuronal messenger nitric oxide (NO) may be involved in mechanisms of neurotoxicity evoked by psychomotor stimulants. However, possible participation of NO in various pathological states is supported mainly by indirect evidence because of its short half-life in tissues. Aim of this review is to describe the involvement of NO and the contribution of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and acetylcholine (ACH) release in neurotoxic effects of psychostimulant drugs. NO was directly determined in brain structures by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Both NO generation and LPO products as well as release of ACH were increased in brain structures following four injections of amphetamine (AMPH). Pretreatment of rats with the non-selective inhibitor of NO-synthase (NOS) N-nitro-L-arginine or the neuronal NOS inhibitor 7-nitroindazole significantly reduced increase of NO generation as well as the rise of ACH release induced by AMPH. Both NOS inhibitors injected prior to AMPH had no effect on enhanced levels of LPO products. Administration of the noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist dizocilpine abolished increase of both NO content and concentration of LPO products induced by of the psychostimulant drug. Dizocilpine also eliminated the influence of AMPH on the ACH release. Moreover, the neurochemical and neurotoxic effects of the psychostimulant drug sydnocarb were compared with those of AMPH. Single injection of AMPH showed a more pronounced increase in NO and TBARS levels than after an equimolar concentration of sydnocarb. The findings demonstrate the crucial role of NO in the development of neurotoxicity elicited by psychostimulants and underline the key role of NOS in AMPH-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bashkatova
- Laboratory of physiology of reinforcement, P.K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Athineos Philippu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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20
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Li Y, Xie X, Xing H, Yuan X, Wang Y, Jin Y, Wang J, Vreugdenhil M, Zhao Y, Zhang R, Lu C. The Modulation of Gamma Oscillations by Methamphetamine in Rat Hippocampal Slices. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:277. [PMID: 31281244 PMCID: PMC6598082 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma frequency oscillations (γ, 30–100 Hz) have been suggested to underlie various cognitive and motor functions. The psychotomimetic drug methamphetamine (MA) enhances brain γ oscillations associated with changes in psychomotor state. Little is known about the cellular mechanisms of MA modulation on γ oscillations. We explored the effects of multiple intracellular kinases on MA modulation of γ induced by kainate in area CA3 of rat ventral hippocampal slices. We found that dopamine receptor type 1 and 2 (DR1 and DR2) antagonists, the serine/threonine kinase PKB/Akt inhibitor and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists prevented the enhancing effect of MA on γ oscillations, whereas none of them affected baseline γ strength. Protein kinase A, phosphoinositide 3-kinase and extracellular signal-related kinases inhibitors had no effect on MA. We propose that the DR1/DR2-Akt-NMDAR pathway plays a critical role for the MA enhancement of γ oscillations. Our study provides an new insight into the mechanisms of acute MA on MA-induced psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Key Laboratory for the Brain Research of Henan Province, Department of Physiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xin'e Xie
- Key Laboratory for the Brain Research of Henan Province, Department of Physiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hang Xing
- Key Laboratory for the Brain Research of Henan Province, Department of Physiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiang Yuan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Brain Research of Henan Province, Department of Physiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yikai Jin
- Key Laboratory for the Brain Research of Henan Province, Department of Physiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jiangang Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Brain Research of Henan Province, Department of Physiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Martin Vreugdenhil
- Department of Health Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Psychopharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chengbiao Lu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Key Laboratory for the Brain Research of Henan Province, Department of Physiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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21
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Delgado-Acevedo C, Estay SF, Radke AK, Sengupta A, Escobar AP, Henríquez-Belmar F, Reyes CA, Haro-Acuña V, Utreras E, Sotomayor-Zárate R, Cho A, Wendland JR, Kulkarni AB, Holmes A, Murphy DL, Chávez AE, Moya PR. Behavioral and synaptic alterations relevant to obsessive-compulsive disorder in mice with increased EAAT3 expression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:1163-1173. [PMID: 30622300 PMCID: PMC6462043 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0302-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a severe, chronic neuropsychiatric disorder with a strong genetic component. The SLC1A1 gene encoding the neuronal glutamate transporter EAAT3 has been proposed as a candidate gene for this disorder. Gene variants affecting SLC1A1 expression in human brain tissue have been associated with OCD. Several mouse models fully or partially lacking EAAT3 have shown no alterations in baseline anxiety-like or repetitive behaviors. We generated a transgenic mouse model (EAAT3glo) to achieve conditional, Cre-dependent EAAT3 overexpression and evaluated the overall impact of increased EAAT3 expression at behavioral and synaptic levels. Mice with EAAT3 overexpression driven by CaMKIIα-promoter (EAAT3glo/CMKII) displayed increased anxiety-like and repetitive behaviors that were both restored by chronic, but not acute, treatment with fluoxetine or clomipramine. EAAT3glo/CMKII mice also displayed greater spontaneous recovery of conditioned fear. Electrophysiological and biochemical analyses at corticostriatal synapses of EAAT3glo/CMKII mice revealed changes in NMDA receptor subunit composition and altered NMDA-dependent synaptic plasticity. By recapitulating relevant behavioral, neurophysiological, and psychopharmacological aspects, our results provide support for the glutamatergic hypothesis of OCD, particularly for the increased EAAT3 function, and provide a valuable animal model that may open novel therapeutic approaches to treat this devastating disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Delgado-Acevedo
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio NUMIND Biology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso CINV, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Sebastián F Estay
- Núcleo Milenio NUMIND Biology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso CINV, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Anna K Radke
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD, USA
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Ayesha Sengupta
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Angélica P Escobar
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso CINV, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Francisca Henríquez-Belmar
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio NUMIND Biology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Cristopher A Reyes
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio NUMIND Biology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Valentina Haro-Acuña
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio NUMIND Biology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Elías Utreras
- Functional Genomics Section and Gene Transfer Core, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ramón Sotomayor-Zárate
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiolopatogía Integrativa, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Andrew Cho
- Functional Genomics Section and Gene Transfer Core, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jens R Wendland
- Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 35 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Ashok B Kulkarni
- Functional Genomics Section and Gene Transfer Core, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Holmes
- Laboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Dennis L Murphy
- Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrés E Chávez
- Núcleo Milenio NUMIND Biology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso CINV, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Pablo R Moya
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
- Núcleo Milenio NUMIND Biology of Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso CINV, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
- Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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22
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Zhang P, Pan J, Mao Z, Xu X, Lin D, Wu B, Zhou W, Liu Y. The effects of early exposure to MK-801 during environmental enrichment on spatial memory, methamphetamine self-administration and cue-induced renewal in rats. Behav Brain Res 2019; 363:83-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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23
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Sander CY, Schoenberger M, Hooker JM. Response to Comment on "In Vivo [ 18F]GE-179 Brain Signal Does Not Show NMDA-Specific Modulation with Drug Challenges in Rodents and Nonhuman Primates". ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:773-775. [PMID: 30346705 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christin Y. Sander
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Matthias Schoenberger
- Chemical Biology and Imaging, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jacob M. Hooker
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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24
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Pena-Bravo JI, Penrod R, Reichel CM, Lavin A. Methamphetamine Self-Administration Elicits Sex-Related Changes in Postsynaptic Glutamate Transmission in the Prefrontal Cortex. eNeuro 2019; 6:ENEURO.0401-18.2018. [PMID: 30693312 PMCID: PMC6348447 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0401-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical and clinical research has shown that females are more vulnerable to the rewarding effects of stimulants, and it has been proposed that estrogens may play a role in this enhanced sensitivity; however sex differences in methamphetamine (METH)-induced neuroplasticity have not been explored. To address this gap in knowledge, we recorded from the prelimbic area of the prefrontal cortex (PL-PFC) of male and female rats following long access METH self-administration (SA) and investigated the resulting long-term synaptic neuroadaptations. Males and females took similar amounts of METH during SA; however, female rats exhibit significant synaptic baseline differences when compared to males. Furthermore, females exhibited a significant increase in evoked excitatory currents. This increase in evoked glutamate was correlated with increases in NMDA currents and was not affected by application of a GluN2B selective blocker. We propose that METH SA selectively upregulates GluN2B-lacking NMDA receptors (NMDAR) in the PFC of female rats. Our results may provide a mechanistic explanation for the sex differences reported for METH addiction in females.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel Penrod
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Carmela M. Reichel
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Antonieta Lavin
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
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25
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Noorbakhshnia M, Rashidkaboli A, Pakatchian M, Beheshti S. Agmatine attenuates methamphetamine-induced passive avoidance learning and memory and CaMKII-α gene expression deteriorations in hippocampus of rat. Physiol Behav 2018; 194:491-496. [PMID: 29908234 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) abuse is one the most worldwide problems with wide-ranging effects on the central nervous system (CNS). Chronic METH abuse can associate with cognitive abnormalities and neurodegenerative changes in the brain. Agmatine, a cationic polyamine, has been proposed as a neuromodulator that modulates many effects of abused drugs. The aim of this study was to determine if agmatine can decrease the impairment effect of METH on memory and hippocampal CaMKII-α gene expression, a gene that plays a major role in memory. Male wistar rats (200-220 g) were allocated into 7 groups, including 5 groups of saline, METH (1, 2 mg/kg), Agmatine (5, 10 mg/kg) and 2 groups of agmatine (5, 10 mg/kg) with higher doses of METH (2 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive days (n = 8 in each group). All injections were done intraperitoneally and agmatine was administrated 10 min before METH treatment. Furthermore, Passive avoidance learning (PAL) test was assessed on the 5th day. Retention test was done 24 h after training and the rats were sacrificed immediately. Hippocampi were removed and stored at -80 °C. Finally, hippocampal CaMKII-α gene expression was measured using Quantitative Real-time PCR. Our data showed that chronic METH dose-dependently impaired PAL retrieval, as it decreased step-through latency (STL) and increased time spent in the dark compartment (TDC). While Agmatine with a higher dose (10 mg/kg) significantly decreased impairment effect of METH (2 mg/kg) on PAL and memory. Also, molecular results revealed that METH (2 mg/kg) markedly decreased hippocampal CaMKII-α gene expression while agmatine (10 mg/kg) co-adminstration prevented it. Taken together, the results propose that agmatine may provide a potential therapy for learning and memory deficits induced by METH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Noorbakhshnia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan. Iran.
| | - Arsham Rashidkaboli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan. Iran
| | - Mahnaz Pakatchian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan. Iran
| | - Siamak Beheshti
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan. Iran
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26
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Underhill SM, Ingram SL, Ahmari SE, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, Amara SG. Neuronal excitatory amino acid transporter EAAT3: Emerging functions in health and disease. Neurochem Int 2018; 123:69-76. [PMID: 29800605 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M Underhill
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health, 35 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Susan L Ingram
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Susanne E Ahmari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Room 227, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Jeremy Veenstra-VanderWeele
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, Mail Unit 78, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Susan G Amara
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health, 35 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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27
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Schoenberger M, Schroeder FA, Placzek MS, Carter RL, Rosen BR, Hooker JM, Sander CY. In Vivo [ 18F]GE-179 Brain Signal Does Not Show NMDA-Specific Modulation with Drug Challenges in Rodents and Nonhuman Primates. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:298-305. [PMID: 29050469 PMCID: PMC5894869 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the major excitatory ion channels in the brain, NMDA receptors have been a leading research target for neuroscientists, physicians, medicinal chemists, and pharmaceutical companies for decades. Molecular imaging of NMDA receptors by means of positron emission tomography (PET) with [18F]GE-179 quickly progressed to clinical PET studies, but a thorough understanding of its binding specificity has been missing and has thus limited signal interpretation. Here a preclinical study with [18F]GE-179 in rodents and nonhuman primates (NHPs) is presented in an attempt to characterize [18F]GE-179 signal specificity. Rodent PET/CT was used to study drug occupancy and functional manipulation in rats by pretreating animals with NMDA targeted blocking/modulating drug doses followed by a single bolus of [18F]GE-179. Binding competition with GE-179, MK801, PCP, and ketamine, allosteric inhibition by ifenprodil, and brain activation with methamphetamine did not alter the [18F]GE-179 brain signal in rats. In addition, multimodal imaging with PET/MRI in NHPs was used to evaluate changes in radiotracer binding as a function of pharmacological challenges. Drug-induced hemodynamic changes were monitored simultaneously using functional MRI (fMRI). Comparisons of baseline and signal after drug challenge in NHPs demonstrated that the [18F]GE-179 signal cannot be manipulated in a predictable fashion in vivo. fMRI data acquired simultaneously with PET data supported this finding and provided evidence that radiotracer delivery is not altered by blood flow changes. In conclusion, the [18F]GE-179 brain signal is not readily interpretable in the context of NMDA receptor binding on the basis of the results shown in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schoenberger
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Chemical Biology and Imaging, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven , BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederick A Schroeder
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Michael S Placzek
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Imaging Center, McLean Hospital , Belmont, Massachusetts 02478, United States
- Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | | | - Bruce R Rosen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jacob M Hooker
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Christin Y Sander
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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28
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Spencer S, Kalivas PW. Glutamate Transport: A New Bench to Bedside Mechanism for Treating Drug Abuse. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2017; 20:797-812. [PMID: 28605494 PMCID: PMC5632313 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyx050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug addiction has often been described as a "hijacking" of the brain circuits involved in learning and memory. Glutamate is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, and its contribution to synaptic plasticity and learning processes is well established in animal models. Likewise, over the past 20 years the addiction field has ascribed a critical role for glutamatergic transmission in the development of addiction. Chronic drug use produces enduring neuroadaptations in corticostriatal projections that are believed to contribute to a maladaptive deficit in inhibitory control over behavior. Much of this research focuses on the role played by ionotropic glutamate receptors directly involved in long-term potentiation and depression or metabotropic receptors indirectly modulating synaptic plasticity. Importantly, the balance between glutamate release and clearance tightly regulates the patterned activation of these glutamate receptors, emphasizing an important role for glutamate transporters in maintaining extracellular glutamate levels. Five excitatory amino acid transporters participate in active glutamate reuptake. Recent evidence suggests that these glutamate transporters can be modulated by chronic drug use at a variety of levels. In this review, we synopsize the evidence and mechanisms associated with drug-induced dysregulation of glutamate transport. We then summarize the preclinical and clinical data suggesting that glutamate transporters offer an effective target for the treatment of drug addiction. In particular, we focus on the role that altered glutamate transporters have in causing drug cues and contexts to develop an intrusive quality that guides maladaptive drug seeking behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sade Spencer
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.,Correspondence: Sade Spencer, PhD, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, BSB, 403- MSC 510, Charleston, SC 29425 ()
| | - Peter W Kalivas
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
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29
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OCD candidate gene SLC1A1/EAAT3 impacts basal ganglia-mediated activity and stereotypic behavior. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:5719-5724. [PMID: 28507136 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1701736114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic, disabling condition with inadequate treatment options that leave most patients with substantial residual symptoms. Structural, neurochemical, and behavioral findings point to a significant role for basal ganglia circuits and for the glutamate system in OCD. Genetic linkage and association studies in OCD point to SLC1A1, which encodes the neuronal glutamate/aspartate/cysteine transporter excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (EAAT3)/excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (EAAC1). However, no previous studies have investigated EAAT3 in basal ganglia circuits or in relation to OCD-related behavior. Here, we report a model of Slc1a1 loss based on an excisable STOP cassette that yields successful ablation of EAAT3 expression and function. Using amphetamine as a probe, we found that EAAT3 loss prevents expected increases in (i) locomotor activity, (ii) stereotypy, and (iii) immediate early gene induction in the dorsal striatum following amphetamine administration. Further, Slc1a1-STOP mice showed diminished grooming in an SKF-38393 challenge experiment, a pharmacologic model of OCD-like grooming behavior. This reduced grooming is accompanied by reduced dopamine D1 receptor binding in the dorsal striatum of Slc1a1-STOP mice. Slc1a1-STOP mice also exhibit reduced extracellular dopamine concentrations in the dorsal striatum both at baseline and following amphetamine challenge. Viral-mediated restoration of Slc1a1/EAAT3 expression in the midbrain but not in the striatum results in partial rescue of amphetamine-induced locomotion and stereotypy in Slc1a1-STOP mice, consistent with an impact of EAAT3 loss on presynaptic dopaminergic function. Collectively, these findings indicate that the most consistently associated OCD candidate gene impacts basal ganglia-dependent repetitive behaviors.
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