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Kai M, Shen WT, Yu Y, Wang D, Zhang JA, Wang S, Fang RH, Gao W, Zhang L. Dual-Modal Cellular Nanoparticles for Continuous Neurotoxin Detoxification. NANO LETTERS 2024. [PMID: 38855905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Neurotoxins are known for their extreme lethality. However, due to their enormous diversity, effective and broad-spectrum countermeasures are lacking. This study presents a dual-modal cellular nanoparticle (CNP) formulation engineered for continuous neurotoxin neutralization. The formulation involves encapsulating the metabolic enzyme N-sulfotransferase (SxtN) into metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoparticle cores and coating them with a natural neuronal membrane, termed "Neuron-MOF/SxtN-NPs". The resulting nanoparticles combine membrane-enabled broad-spectrum neurotoxin neutralization with enzyme payload-enabled continuous neurotoxin neutralization. The studies confirm the protection of the enzyme payload by the MOF core and validate the continuous neutralization of saxitoxin (STX). In vivo studies conducted using a mouse model of STX intoxication reveal markedly improved survival rates compared with control groups. Furthermore, acute toxicity assessments show no adverse effects associated with the administration of Neuron-MOF/SxtN-NPs in healthy mice. Overall, Neuron-MOF/SxtN-NPs represent a unique biomimetic nanomedicine platform poised to effectively neutralize neurotoxins, marking an important advancement in the field of countermeasure nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Kai
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, Shu and K.C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Wei-Ting Shen
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, Shu and K.C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Yiyan Yu
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, Shu and K.C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Dan Wang
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, Shu and K.C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jiayuan Alex Zhang
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, Shu and K.C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Shuyan Wang
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, Shu and K.C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Ronnie H Fang
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, Shu and K.C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Weiwei Gao
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, Shu and K.C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Liangfang Zhang
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, Shu and K.C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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2
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Hanrio E, Bogema D, Davern K, Batley J, Clarke M, Abudulai L, Severn-Ellis A, Dang C. Characterisation of common hypothetical surface peptides between protozoan parasites (Perkinsus olseni) originating from different geographical locations. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2024; 158:143-155. [PMID: 38813855 DOI: 10.3354/dao03790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Perkinsus olseni and P. marinus are classified as notifiable pathogens by the World Organisation for Animal Health and are known to cause perkinsosis in a variety of molluscs globally. Mass mortalities due to these parasites in farms and in the wild have been a recurrent issue. Diagnosis for these protozoans is currently done using Ray's fluid thioglycollate medium method followed by optical microscopy or molecular assays. Both require a high level of skill and are time-consuming. An immunoassay method would make the diagnosis of perkinsosis quicker and cheaper. The present study used mass spectrometry-based proteomics to investigate common hypothetical surface peptides between different geographical isolates of P. olseni, which could be used to develop immunoassays in the future. Two peptides were identified: POLS_08089, which is a 42.7 kDa peptide corresponding to the 60S ribosomal subunit protein L4; and POLS_15916, which is a conserved hypothetical protein of 55.6 kDa. The identification of peptides may allow the development of immunoassays through a more targeted approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliot Hanrio
- The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - Daniel Bogema
- Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Menangle, NSW 2568, Australia
| | - Kathleen Davern
- Monoclonal Antibody Facility, QEII Medical Centre, 6 Verdun St, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Batley
- The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Michael Clarke
- Metabolomics Australia, Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis (CMCA), The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
| | - Laila Abudulai
- Metabolomics Australia, Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis (CMCA), The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
| | - Anita Severn-Ellis
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - Cécile Dang
- The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
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3
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Shi H, Meng S, Qiu J, Xie S, Jiang N, Luo C, Naqvi NI, Kou Y. MoAti1 mediates mitophagy by facilitating recruitment of MoAtg8 to promote invasive growth in Magnaporthe oryzae. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2024; 25:e13439. [PMID: 38483039 PMCID: PMC10938464 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Mitophagy is a selective autophagy for the degradation of damaged or excessive mitochondria to maintain intracellular homeostasis. In Magnaporthe oryzae, a filamentous ascomycetous fungus that causes rice blast, the most devastating disease of rice, mitophagy occurs in the invasive hyphae to promote infection. To date, only a few proteins are known to participate in mitophagy and the mechanisms of mitophagy are largely unknown in pathogenic fungi. Here, by a yeast two-hybrid screen with the core autophagy-related protein MoAtg8 as a bait, we obtained a MoAtg8 interactor MoAti1 (MoAtg8-interacting protein 1). Fluorescent observations and protease digestion analyses revealed that MoAti1 is primarily localized to the peripheral mitochondrial outer membrane and is responsible for recruiting MoAtg8 to mitochondria under mitophagy induction conditions. MoAti1 is specifically required for mitophagy, but not for macroautophagy and pexophagy. Infection assays suggested that MoAti1 is required for mitophagy in invasive hyphae during pathogenesis. Notably, no homologues of MoAti1 were found in rice and human protein databases, indicating that MoAti1 may be used as a potential target to control rice blast. By the host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) strategy, transgenic rice plants targeted to silencing MoATI1 showed enhanced resistance against M. oryzae with unchanged agronomic traits. Our results suggest that MoATI1 is required for mitophagy and pathogenicity in M. oryzae and can be used as a target for reducing rice blast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanbin Shi
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Shuai Meng
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Jiehua Qiu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Shuwei Xie
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Nan Jiang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
| | - Chaoxi Luo
- Key Lab of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, and College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Naweed I. Naqvi
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Biological SciencesNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - Yanjun Kou
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology and BreedingChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhouChina
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4
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De Paoli SH, Patel M, Elhelu OK, Tarandovskiy ID, Tegegn TZ, Simak J. Structural analysis of platelet fragments and extracellular vesicles produced by apheresis platelets during storage. Blood Adv 2024; 8:207-218. [PMID: 37967384 PMCID: PMC10787271 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Platelets (PLTs) for transfusion can be stored for up to 7 days at room temperature (RT). The quality of apheresis PLTs decreases over storage time, which affects PLT hemostatic functions. Here, we characterized the membranous particles produced by PLT storage lesion (PSLPs), including degranulated PLTs, PLT ghosts, membrane fragments, and extracellular membrane vesicles (PEVs). The PSLPs generated in apheresis platelet units were analyzed on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 of RT storage. A differential centrifugation and a sucrose density gradient were used to separate PSLP populations. PSLPs were characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (EM), flow cytometry (FC), and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). PSLPs have different morphologies and a broad size distribution; FC and NTA showed that the concentration of small and large PSLPs increases with storage time. The density gradient separated 3 PSLP populations: (1) degranulated PLTs, PLT ghosts, and large PLT fragments; (2) PEVs originated from PLT activation and organelles released by necrotic PLTs; and (3) PEV ghosts. Most PSLPs expressed phosphatidyl serine and induced thrombin generation in the plasma. PSLPs contained extracellular mitochondria and some had the autophagosome marker LC3. PSLPs encompass degranulated PLTs, PLT ghosts, large PLT fragments, large and dense PEVs, and low-density PEV ghosts. The activation-related PSLPs are released, particularly during early stage of storage (days 1-3), and the release of apoptosis- and necrosis-related PSLPs prevails after that. No elevation of LC3- and TOM20-positive PSLPs indicates that the increase of extracellular mitochondria during later-stage storage is not associated with PLT mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia H De Paoli
- Laboratory of Cellular Hematology, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Mehulkumar Patel
- Laboratory of Cellular Hematology, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
- Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Oumsalama K Elhelu
- Laboratory of Cellular Hematology, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Ivan D Tarandovskiy
- Laboratory of Cellular Hematology, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
- Hemostasis Branch, Office of Therapeutic Products, Center of Biologics Evaluations and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Tseday Z Tegegn
- Laboratory of Cellular Hematology, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Jan Simak
- Laboratory of Cellular Hematology, Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
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5
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Tidy A, Abu Bakar N, Carrier D, Kerr ID, Hodgman C, Bennett MJ, Swarup R. Mechanistic insight into the role of AUXIN RESISTANCE4 in trafficking of AUXIN1 and LIKE AUX1-2. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:422-433. [PMID: 37776522 PMCID: PMC10756756 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
AUXIN RESISTANCE4 (AXR4) regulates the trafficking of auxin influx carrier AUXIN1 (AUX1), a plasma-membrane protein that predominantly localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in the absence of AXR4. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), AUX1 is a member of a small multigene family comprising 4 highly conserved genes-AUX1, LIKE-AUX1 (LAX1), LAX2, and LAX3. We report here that LAX2 also requires AXR4 for correct localization to the plasma membrane. AXR4 is a plant-specific protein and contains a weakly conserved α/β hydrolase fold domain that is found in several classes of lipid hydrolases and transferases. We have previously proposed that AXR4 may either act as (i) a post-translational modifying enzyme through its α/β hydrolase fold domain or (ii) an ER accessory protein, which is a special class of ER protein that regulates targeting of their cognate partner proteins. Here, we show that AXR4 is unlikely to act as a post-translational modifying enzyme as mutations in several highly conserved amino acids in the α/β hydrolase fold domain can be tolerated and active site residues are missing. We also show that AUX1 and AXR4 physically interact with each other and that AXR4 reduces aggregation of AUX1 in a dose-dependent fashion. Our results suggest that AXR4 acts as an ER accessory protein. A better understanding of AXR4-mediated trafficking of auxin transporters in crop plants will be crucial for improving root traits (designer roots) for better acquisition of water and nutrients for sustainable and resilient agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Tidy
- Division of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Norliza Abu Bakar
- Division of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UK
| | - David Carrier
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Ian D Kerr
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Charlie Hodgman
- Division of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UK
- Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Malcolm J Bennett
- Division of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UK
- Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Ranjan Swarup
- Division of Plant and Crop Science, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UK
- Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UK
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6
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Neupane KR, Ramon GS, Harvey B, Chun B, Aryal SP, Masud AA, McCorkle JR, Kolesar JM, Kekenes‐Huskey PM, Richards CI. Programming Cell-Derived Vesicles with Enhanced Immunomodulatory Properties. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2301163. [PMID: 37377147 PMCID: PMC11070110 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages are the predominant immune cells present in the tumor microenvironment and mostly exhibit a pro-tumoral M2-like phenotype. However, macrophage biology is reversible allowing them to acquire an anti-tumoral M1-like phenotype in response to external stimuli. A potential therapeutic strategy for treating cancer may be achieved by modulating macrophages from an M2 to an M1-like phenotype with the tumor microenvironment. Here, programmed nanovesicles are generated as an immunomodulatory therapeutic platform with the capability to re-polarize M2 macrophages toward a proinflammatory phenotype. Programmed nanovesicles are engineered from cellular membranes to have specific immunomodulatory properties including the capability to bidirectionally modulate immune cell polarization. These programmed nanovesicles decorated with specific membrane-bound ligands can be targeted toward specific cell types including immune cells. Macrophage-derived vesicles are engineered to enhance immune cell reprogramming toward a proinflammatory phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaga R. Neupane
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Kentucky506 Library Drive, 125 Chemistry‐Physics BuildingLexingtonKY40506USA
| | - Geraldine S. Ramon
- Department of Cell and Molecular PhysiologyLoyola University ChicagoChicagoILUSA
| | - Brock Harvey
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Kentucky506 Library Drive, 125 Chemistry‐Physics BuildingLexingtonKY40506USA
| | - Byeong Chun
- Department of Cell and Molecular PhysiologyLoyola University ChicagoChicagoILUSA
| | - Surya P. Aryal
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Kentucky506 Library Drive, 125 Chemistry‐Physics BuildingLexingtonKY40506USA
| | - Abdullah A. Masud
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Kentucky506 Library Drive, 125 Chemistry‐Physics BuildingLexingtonKY40506USA
| | - J. Robert McCorkle
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and ScienceCollege of PharmacyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY40508USA
| | - Jill M. Kolesar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and ScienceCollege of PharmacyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY40508USA
| | | | - Christopher I. Richards
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Kentucky506 Library Drive, 125 Chemistry‐Physics BuildingLexingtonKY40506USA
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Characterization of Treponema denticola Major Surface Protein (Msp) by Deletion Analysis and Advanced Molecular Modeling. J Bacteriol 2022; 204:e0022822. [PMID: 35913147 PMCID: PMC9487533 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00228-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Treponema denticola, a keystone pathogen in periodontitis, is a model organism for studying Treponema physiology and host-microbe interactions. Its major surface protein Msp forms an oligomeric outer membrane complex that binds fibronectin, has cytotoxic pore-forming activity, and disrupts several intracellular processes in host cells. T. denticola msp is an ortholog of the Treponema pallidum tprA to -K gene family that includes tprK, whose remarkable in vivo hypervariability is proposed to contribute to T. pallidum immune evasion. We recently identified the primary Msp surface-exposed epitope and proposed a model of the Msp protein as a β-barrel protein similar to Gram-negative bacterial porins. Here, we report fine-scale Msp mutagenesis demonstrating that both the N and C termini as well as the centrally located Msp surface epitope are required for native Msp oligomer expression. Removal of as few as three C-terminal amino acids abrogated Msp detection on the T. denticola cell surface, and deletion of four residues resulted in complete loss of detectable Msp. Substitution of a FLAG tag for either residues 6 to 13 of mature Msp or an 8-residue portion of the central Msp surface epitope resulted in expression of full-length Msp but absence of the oligomer, suggesting roles for both domains in oligomer formation. Consistent with previously reported Msp N-glycosylation, proteinase K treatment of intact cells released a 25 kDa polypeptide containing the Msp surface epitope into culture supernatants. Molecular modeling of Msp using novel metagenome-derived multiple sequence alignment (MSA) algorithms supports the hypothesis that Msp is a large-diameter, trimeric outer membrane porin-like protein whose potential transport substrate remains to be identified. IMPORTANCE The Treponema denticola gene encoding its major surface protein (Msp) is an ortholog of the T. pallidum tprA to -K gene family that includes tprK, whose remarkable in vivo hypervariability is proposed to contribute to T. pallidum immune evasion. Using a combined strategy of fine-scale mutagenesis and advanced predictive molecular modeling, we characterized the Msp protein and present a high-confidence model of its structure as an oligomer embedded in the outer membrane. This work adds to knowledge of Msp-like proteins in oral treponemes and may contribute to understanding the evolutionary and potential functional relationships between T. denticola Msp and the orthologous T. pallidum Tpr proteins.
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Pranke IM, Chevalier B, Premchandar A, Baatallah N, Tomaszewski KF, Bitam S, Tondelier D, Golec A, Stolk J, Lukacs GL, Hiemstra PS, Dadlez M, Lomas DA, Irving JA, Delaunay-Moisan A, van Anken E, Hinzpeter A, Sermet-Gaudelus I, Edelman A. Keratin 8 is a scaffolding and regulatory protein of ERAD complexes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:503. [PMID: 36045259 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04528-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Early recognition and enhanced degradation of misfolded proteins by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) quality control and ER-associated degradation (ERAD) cause defective protein secretion and membrane targeting, as exemplified for Z-alpha-1-antitrypsin (Z-A1AT), responsible for alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD) and F508del-CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) responsible for cystic fibrosis (CF). Prompted by our previous observation that decreasing Keratin 8 (K8) expression increased trafficking of F508del-CFTR to the plasma membrane, we investigated whether K8 impacts trafficking of soluble misfolded Z-A1AT protein. The subsequent goal of this study was to elucidate the mechanism underlying the K8-dependent regulation of protein trafficking, focusing on the ERAD pathway. The results show that diminishing K8 concentration in HeLa cells enhances secretion of both Z-A1AT and wild-type (WT) A1AT with a 13-fold and fourfold increase, respectively. K8 down-regulation triggers ER failure and cellular apoptosis when ER stress is jointly elicited by conditional expression of the µs heavy chains, as previously shown for Hrd1 knock-out. Simultaneous K8 silencing and Hrd1 knock-out did not show any synergistic effect, consistent with K8 acting in the Hrd1-governed ERAD step. Fractionation and co-immunoprecipitation experiments reveal that K8 is recruited to ERAD complexes containing Derlin2, Sel1 and Hrd1 proteins upon expression of Z/WT-A1AT and F508del-CFTR. Treatment of the cells with c407, a small molecule inhibiting K8 interaction, decreases K8 and Derlin2 recruitment to high-order ERAD complexes. This was associated with increased Z-A1AT secretion in both HeLa and Z-homozygous A1ATD patients' respiratory cells. Overall, we provide evidence that K8 acts as an ERAD modulator. It may play a scaffolding protein role for early-stage ERAD complexes, regulating Hrd1-governed retrotranslocation initiation/ubiquitination processes. Targeting K8-containing ERAD complexes is an attractive strategy for the pharmacotherapy of A1ATD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Maria Pranke
- Inserm, U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, 160 rue de Vaugirard, 75015, Paris, France.
| | - Benoit Chevalier
- Inserm, U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, 160 rue de Vaugirard, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Aiswarya Premchandar
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nesrine Baatallah
- Inserm, U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, 160 rue de Vaugirard, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Kamil F Tomaszewski
- Inserm, U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, 160 rue de Vaugirard, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Sara Bitam
- Inserm, U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, 160 rue de Vaugirard, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Danielle Tondelier
- Inserm, U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, 160 rue de Vaugirard, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Anita Golec
- Inserm, U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, 160 rue de Vaugirard, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Jan Stolk
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gergely L Lukacs
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michal Dadlez
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - David A Lomas
- UCL Respiratory and the Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - James A Irving
- UCL Respiratory and the Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Agnes Delaunay-Moisan
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Eelco van Anken
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alexandre Hinzpeter
- Inserm, U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, 160 rue de Vaugirard, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus
- Inserm, U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, 160 rue de Vaugirard, 75015, Paris, France.,Cystic Fibrosis Center, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Aleksander Edelman
- Inserm, U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, 160 rue de Vaugirard, 75015, Paris, France.
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9
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Yang SC, Ting WW, Ng IS. Effective whole cell biotransformation of arginine to a four-carbon diamine putrescine using engineered Escherichia coli. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Le Cong Huyen Bao Phan T, Crepin N, Rolland F, Van Dijck P. Two trehalase isoforms, produced from a single transcript, regulate drought stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 108:531-547. [PMID: 35088230 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-022-01243-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Alternative translation initiation of the unique Arabidopsis trehalase gene allows for the production of two isoforms with different subcellular localization, providing enzyme access to both intra- and extra-cellular trehalose. The trehalose-hydrolyzing enzyme trehalase mediates drought stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana by controlling ABA-induced stomatal closure. We now report the existence of two trehalase isoforms, produced from a single transcript by alternative translation initiation. The longer full-length N-glycosylated isoform (AtTRE1L) localizes in the plasma membrane with the catalytic domain in the apoplast. The shorter isoform (AtTRE1S) lacks the transmembrane domain and localizes in the cytoplasm and nucleus. The two isoforms can physically interact and this interaction affects localization of AtTRE1S. Consistent with their role in plant drought stress tolerance, both isoforms are activated by AtCPK10, a stress-induced calcium-dependent guard cell protein kinase. Transgenic plants expressing either isoform indicate that both can mediate ABA-induced stomatal closure in response to drought stress but that the short (cytoplasmic/nuclear) isoform, enriched in those conditions, is significantly more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Le Cong Huyen Bao Phan
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Cantho University, Cantho, Vietnam
- KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Crepin
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Filip Rolland
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Van Dijck
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Botany and Microbiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- KU Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), Leuven, Belgium.
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 38, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
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11
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Budiardjo SJ, Stevens JJ, Calkins AL, Ikujuni AP, Wimalasena VK, Firlar E, Case DA, Biteen JS, Kaelber JT, Slusky JSG. Colicin E1 opens its hinge to plug TolC. eLife 2022; 11:73297. [PMID: 35199644 PMCID: PMC9020818 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The double membrane architecture of Gram-negative bacteria forms a barrier that is impermeable to most extracellular threats. Bacteriocin proteins evolved to exploit the accessible, surface-exposed proteins embedded in the outer membrane to deliver cytotoxic cargo. Colicin E1 is a bacteriocin produced by, and lethal to, Escherichia coli that hijacks the outer membrane proteins (OMPs) TolC and BtuB to enter the cell. Here, we capture the colicin E1 translocation domain inside its membrane receptor, TolC, by high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy to obtain the first reported structure of a bacteriocin bound to TolC. Colicin E1 binds stably to TolC as an open hinge through the TolC pore—an architectural rearrangement from colicin E1’s unbound conformation. This binding is stable in live E. coli cells as indicated by single-molecule fluorescence microscopy. Finally, colicin E1 fragments binding to TolC plug the channel, inhibiting its native efflux function as an antibiotic efflux pump, and heightening susceptibility to three antibiotic classes. In addition to demonstrating that these protein fragments are useful starting points for developing novel antibiotic potentiators, this method could be expanded to other colicins to inhibit other OMP functions. Bacteria are constantly warring with each other for space and resources. As a result, they have developed a range of molecular weapons to poison, damage or disable other cells. For instance, bacteriocins are proteins that can latch onto structures at the surface of enemy bacteria and push toxins through their outer membrane. Bacteria are increasingly resistant to antibiotics, representing a growing concern for modern healthcare. One way that they are able to survive is by using ‘efflux pumps’ studded through their external membranes to expel harmful drugs before these can cause damage. Budiardjo et al. wanted to test whether bacteriocins could interfere with this defence mechanism by blocking efflux pumps. Bacteriocins are usually formed of binding elements (which recognise specific target proteins) and of a ‘killer tail’ that can stab the cell. Experiments showed that the binding parts of a bacteriocin could effectively ‘plug’ efflux pumps in Escherichia coli bacteria: high-resolution molecular microscopy revealed how the bacteriocin fragment binds to the pump, while fluorescent markers showed that it attached to the surface of E. coli and stopped the efflux pumps from working. As a result, lower amounts of antibiotics were necessary to kill the bacteria when bacteriocins were present. The work by Budiardjo et al. could lead to new ways to combat bacteria that will reduce the need for current antibiotics. In the future, bacteriocins could also be harnessed to target other proteins than efflux pumps, allowing scientists to manipulate a range of bacterial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jimmy Budiardjo
- Center for Computational Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, United States
| | - Jacqueline J Stevens
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, United States
| | - Anna L Calkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Ayotunde P Ikujuni
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, United States
| | | | - Emre Firlar
- Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, United States
| | - David A Case
- Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, United States
| | - Julie S Biteen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | - Jason T Kaelber
- Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, United States
| | - Joanna S G Slusky
- Center for Computational Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, United States
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12
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Gaffney KA, Guo R, Bridges MD, Muhammednazaar S, Chen D, Kim M, Yang Z, Schilmiller AL, Faruk NF, Peng X, Jones AD, Kim KH, Sun L, Hubbell WL, Sosnick TR, Hong H. Lipid bilayer induces contraction of the denatured state ensemble of a helical-bundle membrane protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2109169119. [PMID: 34969836 PMCID: PMC8740594 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2109169119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Defining the denatured state ensemble (DSE) and disordered proteins is essential to understanding folding, chaperone action, degradation, and translocation. As compared with water-soluble proteins, the DSE of membrane proteins is much less characterized. Here, we measure the DSE of the helical membrane protein GlpG of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in native-like lipid bilayers. The DSE was obtained using our steric trapping method, which couples denaturation of doubly biotinylated GlpG to binding of two streptavidin molecules. The helices and loops are probed using limited proteolysis and mass spectrometry, while the dimensions are determined using our paramagnetic biotin derivative and double electron-electron resonance spectroscopy. These data, along with our Upside simulations, identify the DSE as being highly dynamic, involving the topology changes and unfolding of some of the transmembrane (TM) helices. The DSE is expanded relative to the native state but only to 15 to 75% of the fully expanded condition. The degree of expansion depends on the local protein packing and the lipid composition. E. coli's lipid bilayer promotes the association of TM helices in the DSE and, probably in general, facilitates interhelical interactions. This tendency may be the outcome of a general lipophobic effect of proteins within the cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen A Gaffney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Ruiqiong Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Michael D Bridges
- Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | | | - Daoyang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Miyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Zhongyu Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
| | - Anthony L Schilmiller
- Research Technology Support Facility Mass Spectrometry and Metabolomics Core, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Nabil F Faruk
- Graduate Program in Biophysical Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Xiangda Peng
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - A Daniel Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
- Research Technology Support Facility Mass Spectrometry and Metabolomics Core, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Kelly H Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Liangliang Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Wayne L Hubbell
- Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Tobin R Sosnick
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637;
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Heedeok Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824;
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
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13
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Fraile S, Briones M, Revenga-Parra M, de Lorenzo V, Lorenzo E, Martínez-García E. Engineering Tropism of Pseudomonas putida toward Target Surfaces through Ectopic Display of Recombinant Nanobodies. ACS Synth Biol 2021; 10:2049-2059. [PMID: 34337948 PMCID: PMC8397431 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria are endowed with complex outer membrane (OM) structures that allow them to both interact with other organisms and attach to different physical structures. However, the design of reliable bacterial coatings of solid surfaces is still a considerable challenge. In this work, we report that ectopic expression of a fibrinogen-specific nanobody on the envelope of Pseudomonas putida cells enables controllable formation of a bacterial monolayer strongly bound to an antigen-coated support. To this end, either the wild type or a surface-naked derivative of P. putida was engineered to express a hybrid between the β-barrel of an intimin-type autotransporter inserted in the outer membrane and a nanobody (VHH) moiety that targets fibrinogen as its cognate interaction partner. The functionality of the thereby presented VHH and the strength of the resulting cell attachment to a solid surface covered with the cognate antigen were tested and parametrized with Quartz Crystal Microbalance technology. The results not only demonstrated the value of using bacteria with reduced OM complexity for efficient display of artificial adhesins, but also the potential of this approach to engineer specific bacterial coverings of predetermined target surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Fraile
- Systems Biology Department, Centro Nacional
de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Briones
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis
Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Revenga-Parra
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis
Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor de Lorenzo
- Systems Biology Department, Centro Nacional
de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Encarnación Lorenzo
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis
Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esteban Martínez-García
- Systems Biology Department, Centro Nacional
de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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14
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Fostering "Education": Do Extracellular Vesicles Exploit Their Own Delivery Code? Cells 2021; 10:cells10071741. [PMID: 34359911 PMCID: PMC8305232 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), comprising large microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes (EXs), play a key role in intercellular communication, both in physiological and in a wide variety of pathological conditions. However, the education of EV target cells has so far mainly been investigated as a function of EX cargo, while few studies have focused on the characterization of EV surface membrane molecules and the mechanisms that mediate the addressability of specific EVs to different cell types and tissues. Identifying these mechanisms will help fulfill the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic promises fueled by our growing knowledge of EVs. In this review, we first discuss published studies on the presumed EV “delivery code” and on the combinations of the hypothesized EV surface membrane “sender” and “recipient” molecules that may mediate EV targeting in intercellular communication. Then we briefly review the main experimental approaches and techniques, and the bioinformatic tools that can be used to identify and characterize the structure and functional role of EV surface membrane molecules. In the final part, we present innovative techniques and directions for future research that would improve and deepen our understandings of EV-cell targeting.
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15
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Rudzińska M, Daglioglu C, Savvateeva LV, Kaci FN, Antoine R, Zamyatnin AA. Current Status and Perspectives of Protease Inhibitors and Their Combination with Nanosized Drug Delivery Systems for Targeted Cancer Therapy. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:9-20. [PMID: 33442233 PMCID: PMC7797289 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s285852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In cancer treatments, many natural and synthetic products have been examined; among them, protease inhibitors are promising candidates for anti-cancer agents. Since dysregulated proteolytic activities can contribute to tumor development and metastasis, antagonization of proteases with tailored inhibitors is an encouraging approach. Although adverse effects of early designs of these inhibitors disappeared after the introduction of next-generation agents, most of the proposed inhibitors did not pass the early stages of clinical trials due to their nonspecific toxicity and lack of pharmacological effects. Therefore, new applications that modulate proteases more specifically and serve their programmed way of administration are highly appreciated. In this context, nanosized drug delivery systems have attracted much attention because preliminary studies have demonstrated that the therapeutic capacity of inhibitors has been improved significantly with encapsulated formulation as compared to their free forms. Here, we address this issue and discuss the current application and future clinical prospects of this potential combination towards targeted protease-based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Cenk Daglioglu
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Application and Research Center, Integrated Research Centers, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Lyudmila V Savvateeva
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Fatma Necmiye Kaci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Yakutiye, Erzurum 25050, Turkey
| | - Rodolphe Antoine
- CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon F-69622, France
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
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16
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Martínez-García E, Fraile S, Rodríguez Espeso D, Vecchietti D, Bertoni G, de Lorenzo V. Naked Bacterium: Emerging Properties of a Surfome-Streamlined Pseudomonas putida Strain. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:2477-2492. [PMID: 32786355 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Environmental bacteria are most often endowed with native surface-attachment programs that frequently conflict with efforts to engineer biofilms and synthetic communities with given tridimensional architectures. In this work, we report the editing of the genome of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 for stripping the cells of most outer-facing structures of the bacterial envelope that mediate motion, binding to surfaces, and biofilm formation. To this end, 23 segments of the P. putida chromosome encoding a suite of such functions were deleted, resulting in the surface-naked strain EM371, the physical properties of which changed dramatically in respect to the wild type counterpart. As a consequence, surface-edited P. putida cells were unable to form biofilms on solid supports and, because of the swimming deficiency and other alterations, showed a much faster sedimentation in liquid media. Surface-naked bacteria were then used as carriers of interacting partners (e.g., Jun-Fos domains) ectopically expressed by means of an autotransporter display system on the now easily accessible cell envelope. Abstraction of individual bacteria as adhesin-coated spherocylinders enabled rigorous quantitative description of the multicell interplay brought about by thereby engineered physical interactions. The model was then applied to parametrize the data extracted from automated analysis of confocal microscopy images of the experimentally assembled bacterial flocks for analyzing their structure and distribution. The resulting data not only corroborated the value of P. putida EM371 over the parental strain as a platform for display artificial adhesins but also provided a strategy for rational engineering of catalytic communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Martínez-García
- Systems Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Fraile
- Systems Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Rodríguez Espeso
- Systems Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Davide Vecchietti
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bertoni
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Víctor de Lorenzo
- Systems Biology Program, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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17
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Bhattacharyya S, Walker DM, Harshey RM. Dead cells release a 'necrosignal' that activates antibiotic survival pathways in bacterial swarms. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4157. [PMID: 32814767 PMCID: PMC7438516 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17709-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Swarming is a form of collective bacterial motion enabled by flagella on the surface of semi-solid media. Swarming populations exhibit non-genetic or adaptive resistance to antibiotics, despite sustaining considerable cell death. Here, we show that antibiotic-induced death of a sub-population benefits the swarm by enhancing adaptive resistance in the surviving cells. Killed cells release a resistance-enhancing factor that we identify as AcrA, a periplasmic component of RND efflux pumps. The released AcrA interacts on the surface of live cells with an outer membrane component of the efflux pump, TolC, stimulating drug efflux and inducing expression of other efflux pumps. This phenomenon, which we call 'necrosignaling', exists in other Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and displays species-specificity. Given that adaptive resistance is a known incubator for evolving genetic resistance, our findings might be clinically relevant to the rise of multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Bhattacharyya
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - David M Walker
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Rasika M Harshey
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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18
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Fang Q, Zhang Y, Chen X, Li H, Cheng L, Zhu W, Zhang Z, Tang M, Liu W, Wang H, Wang T, Shen T, Chai R. Three-Dimensional Graphene Enhances Neural Stem Cell Proliferation Through Metabolic Regulation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 7:436. [PMID: 31998703 PMCID: PMC6961593 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene consists of two-dimensional sp2-bonded carbon sheets, a single or a few layers thick, which has attracted considerable interest in recent years due to its good conductivity and biocompatibility. Three-dimensional graphene foam (3DG) has been demonstrated to be a robust scaffold for culturing neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro that not only supports NSCs growth, but also maintains cells in a more active proliferative state than 2D graphene films and ordinary glass. In addition, 3DG can enhance NSCs differentiation into astrocytes and especially neurons. However, the underlying mechanisms behind 3DG's effects are still poorly understood. Metabolism is the fundamental characteristic of life and provides substances for building and powering the cell. Metabolic activity is tightly tied with the proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal of stem cells. This study focused on the metabolic reconfiguration of stem cells induced by culturing on 3DG. This study established the correlation between metabolic reconfiguration metabolomics with NSCs cell proliferation rate on different scaffold. Several metabolic processes have been uncovered in association with the proliferation change of NSCs. Especially, culturing on 3DG triggered pathways that increased amino acid incorporation and enhanced glucose metabolism. These data suggested a potential association between graphene and pathways involved in Parkinson's disease. Our work provides a very useful starting point for further studies of NSC fate determination on 3DG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaojun Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuhua Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangbo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Hangzhou Rongze Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Hangzhou, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liya Cheng
- Institute of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhu
- Zhangjiagang City First People's Hospital, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Suzhou University, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingliang Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tie Shen
- Key Laboratory of Information and Computing Science Guizhou Province, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- MOE Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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19
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Multivalent HER2-binding polymer conjugates facilitate rapid endocytosis and enhance intracellular drug delivery. J Control Release 2019; 319:285-299. [PMID: 31899273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating targeting moieties that recognize cancer-specific cellular markers can enhance specificity of anticancer nanomedicines. The HER2 receptor is overexpressed on numerous cancers, making it an attractive target. However, unlike many receptors that trigger endocytosis upon ligand binding, HER2 is an internalization-resistant receptor. As most chemotherapeutics act on intracellular targets, this presents a significant challenge for exploiting HER2 overexpression for improved tumor killing. However, hyper-crosslinking of HER2 has been shown to override the receptor's native behavior and trigger internalization. This research co-opts this crosslinking-mediated internalization for efficient intracellular delivery of an anticancer nanomedicine - specifically a HPMA copolymer-based drug delivery system. This polymeric carrier was conjugated with a small (7 kDa) HER2-binding affibody peptide to produce a panel of polymer-affibody conjugates with valences from 2 to 10 peptides per polymer chain. The effect of valence on surface binding and uptake was evaluated separately. All conjugates demonstrated similar (nanomolar) binding affinity towards HER2-positive ovarian carcinoma cells, but higher-valence conjugates induced more rapid endocytosis, with over 90% of the surface-bound conjugate internalized within 4 h. Furthermore, this enhancement was sensitive to crowding - high surface loading reduced conjugates' ability to crosslink receptors. Collectively, this evidence strongly supports a crosslinking-mediated endocytosis mechanism. Lead candidates from this panel achieved high intracellular delivery even at picomolar treatment concentrations; untargeted HPMA copolymers required 1000-fold higher treatment concentrations to achieve similar levels of intracellular accumulation. This increased intracellular delivery also translated to a more potent nanomedicine against HER2-positive cells; incorporation of the chemotherapeutic paclitaxel into this targeted carrier enhanced cytotoxicity over untargeted polymer-drug conjugate.
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20
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Nakao M, Kim K, Nagase K, Grainger DW, Kanazawa H, Okano T. Phenotypic traits of mesenchymal stem cell sheets fabricated by temperature-responsive cell culture plate: structural characteristics of MSC sheets. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:353. [PMID: 31779694 PMCID: PMC6883536 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1431-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In most stem cell therapy strategies reported to date, stem cells are introduced to damaged tissue sites to repair and regenerate the original tissue structure and function. MSC therapeutic efficacies are inconsistent, largely attributed to transplanted MSC difficulties both in engrafting at tissue sites and in retaining their therapeutic functions from suspension formulations. MSC functional components, including cell adhesion and cell–cell junction proteins, and ECM that contribute to essential cellular therapeutic effects, are damaged or removed by proteolytic enzymes used in stem cell harvesting strategies from culture. To overcome these limitations, methods to harvest and transplant cells without disrupting critical stem cell functions are required. Cell sheet technology, exploiting temperature-responsive cell culture surfaces, permits cell harvest without cell protein damage. This study is focused on phenotypic traits of MSC sheets structurally and functionally to understand therapeutic benefits of cell sheets. Methods/results This study verified cleaved cellular proteins (vinculin, fibronectin, laminin, integrin β-1, and connexin 43) and increased apoptotic cell death produced under standard trypsin harvesting treatment in a time-dependent manner. However, MSC sheets produced without trypsin using only temperature-controlled sheet harvest from culture plastic exhibited intact cellular structures. Also, MSCs harvested using enzymatic treatment (i.e., chemical disruption) showed higher pYAP expression compared to MSC sheets. Conclusion Retention of cellular structures such as ECM, cell–cell junctions, and cell–ECM junctions is correlated with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC) survival after detachment from cell culture surfaces. Retaining these proteins intact in MSC cultures using cell sheet technology is proposed to enhance stem cell survival and their function in stem cell-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuyoshi Nakao
- Cell Sheet Tissue Engineering Center (CSTEC), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Health Sciences, 30 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Kyungsook Kim
- Cell Sheet Tissue Engineering Center (CSTEC), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Health Sciences, 30 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
| | - Kenichi Nagase
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - David W Grainger
- Cell Sheet Tissue Engineering Center (CSTEC), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Health Sciences, 30 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Hideko Kanazawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Teruo Okano
- Cell Sheet Tissue Engineering Center (CSTEC), Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Health Sciences, 30 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.,Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
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21
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Doorduijn DJ, Rooijakkers SHM, Heesterbeek DAC. How the Membrane Attack Complex Damages the Bacterial Cell Envelope and Kills Gram‐Negative Bacteria. Bioessays 2019; 41:e1900074. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis J. Doorduijn
- Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht University Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Suzan H. M. Rooijakkers
- Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht University Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Dani A. C. Heesterbeek
- Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht University Heidelberglaan 100 3584 CX Utrecht The Netherlands
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22
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Madison RD, Robinson GA. Muscle-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Influence Motor Neuron Regeneration Accuracy. Neuroscience 2019; 419:46-59. [PMID: 31454553 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles are lipid bilayer-enclosed extracellular structures. Although the term extracellular vesicles is quite inclusive, it generally refers to exosomes (<200 nm), and microvesicles (~100-1000 nm). Such vesicles are resistant to degradation and can contain proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Although it was previously thought that the primary purpose of such vesicles was to rid cells of unwanted components, it is now becoming increasingly clear that they can function as intercellular messengers, sometimes operating over long distances. As such, there is now intense interest in extracellular vesicles in fields as diverse as immunology, cell biology, cancer, and more recently, neuroscience. The influence that such extracellular vesicles might exert on peripheral nerve regeneration is just beginning to be investigated. In the current studies we show that muscle-derived extracellular vesicles significantly influence the anatomical accuracy of motor neuron regeneration in the rat femoral nerve. These findings suggest a basic cellular mechanism by which target end-organs could guide their own reinnervation following nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger D Madison
- Research Service of the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Grant A Robinson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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23
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Heesterbeek DA, Bardoel BW, Parsons ES, Bennett I, Ruyken M, Doorduijn DJ, Gorham RD, Berends ET, Pyne AL, Hoogenboom BW, Rooijakkers SH. Bacterial killing by complement requires membrane attack complex formation via surface-bound C5 convertases. EMBO J 2019; 38:embj.201899852. [PMID: 30643019 PMCID: PMC6376327 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201899852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system kills bacteria by the formation of lytic membrane attack complexes (MACs), triggered when complement enzymes cleave C5. At present, it is not understood how the MAC perturbs the composite cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria. Here, we show that the role of C5 convertase enzymes in MAC assembly extends beyond the cleavage of C5 into the MAC precursor C5b. Although purified MAC complexes generated from preassembled C5b6 perforate artificial lipid membranes and mammalian cells, these components lack bactericidal activity. In order to permeabilize both the bacterial outer and inner membrane and thus kill a bacterium, MACs need to be assembled locally by the C5 convertase enzymes. Our data indicate that C5b6 rapidly loses the capacity to form bactericidal pores; therefore, bacterial killing requires both in situ conversion of C5 and immediate insertion of C5b67 into the membrane. Using flow cytometry and atomic force microscopy, we show that local assembly of C5b6 at the bacterial surface is required for the efficient insertion of MAC pores into bacterial membranes. These studies provide basic molecular insights into MAC assembly and bacterial killing by the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dani Ac Heesterbeek
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart W Bardoel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Edward S Parsons
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Isabel Bennett
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Maartje Ruyken
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis J Doorduijn
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald D Gorham
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Evelien Tm Berends
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alice Lb Pyne
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Bart W Hoogenboom
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Suzan Hm Rooijakkers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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24
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Foers AD, Chatfield S, Dagley LF, Scicluna BJ, Webb AI, Cheng L, Hill AF, Wicks IP, Pang KC. Enrichment of extracellular vesicles from human synovial fluid using size exclusion chromatography. J Extracell Vesicles 2018; 7:1490145. [PMID: 29963299 PMCID: PMC6022248 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2018.1490145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As a complex biological fluid, human synovial fluid (SF) presents challenges for extracellular vesicle (EV) enrichment using standard methods. In this study of human SF, a size exclusion chromatography (SEC)-based method of EV enrichment is shown to deplete contaminants that remain after standard ultracentrifugation-based enrichment methods. Specifically, considerable levels of serum albumin, the high-density lipoprotein marker, apolipoprotein A-I, fibronectin and other extracellular proteins and debris are present in EVs prepared by differential ultracentrifugation. While the addition of a sucrose density gradient purification step improved purification quality, some contamination remained. In contrast, using a SEC-based approach, SF EVs were efficiently separated from serum albumin, apolipoprotein A-I and additional contaminating proteins that co-purified with high-speed centrifugation. Finally, using high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis, we found that residual contaminants which remain after SEC, such as fibronectin and other extracellular proteins, can be successfully depleted by proteinase K. Taken together, our results highlight the limitations of ultracentrifugation-based methods of EV isolation from complex biological fluids and suggest that SEC can be used to obtain higher purity EV samples. In this way, SEC-based methods are likely to be useful for identifying EV-enriched components and improving understanding of EV function in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Foers
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon Chatfield
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Rheumatology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura F Dagley
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Scicluna
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew I Webb
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lesley Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew F Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ian P Wicks
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Rheumatology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ken C Pang
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Genetics Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Adolescent Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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25
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Martínez Leo EE, Arana Argáez VE, Acevedo Fernández JJ, Puc RM, Segura Campos MR. Effect of Enzymatic Digestion of Protein Derivatives Obtained from Mucuna pruriens L. on Production of Proinflammatory Mediators by BALB/c Mouse Macrophages. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 186:597-612. [PMID: 29691792 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2740-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is considered to be a major risk factor for the pathogenesis of chronic non-communicable diseases. Macrophages are important immune cells, which regulate inflammation and host defense by secretion of proinflammatory mediators. Obtaining biopeptides by enzymatic hydrolysis adds value to proteins of vegetative origin, such as Mucuna pruriens L. The present study evaluated the effect of enzymatic digestion of protein derivatives obtained from M. pruriens L. on the production of proinflammatory mediators by BALB/c mouse macrophages. Five different molecular weight peptide fractions were obtained (F > 10, 5-10, 3-5, 1-3, and < 1 kDa, respectively). At 300 μg/mL, F5-10 kDa inhibited 50.26 and 61.00% NO and H2O2 production, respectively. Moreover, F5-10 kDa reduced the IL-6 and TNFα levels to 60.25 and 69.54%, respectively. After enzymatic digestive simulation, F5-10 kDa decreased the inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin E Martínez Leo
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte Km. 33.5, Tablaje Catastral 13615, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, 97203, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Victor E Arana Argáez
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 613 x calle 90 Col. Inalámbrica, 97069, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Juan J Acevedo Fernández
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Leñeros s/n esq. Iztaccihuatl, Col. Los Volcanes, 62350, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Rosa Moo Puc
- Centro Médico Ignacio García Téllez, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Investigación Médica Yucatán, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, 41 No. 439 x 32 y 34, Col. Industrial, 97150, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Maira R Segura Campos
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte Km. 33.5, Tablaje Catastral 13615, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, 97203, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
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26
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Maffei B, Francetic O, Subtil A. Tracking Proteins Secreted by Bacteria: What's in the Toolbox? Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:221. [PMID: 28620586 PMCID: PMC5449463 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria have acquired multiple systems to expose proteins on their surface, release them in the extracellular environment or even inject them into a neighboring cell. Protein secretion has a high adaptive value and secreted proteins are implicated in many functions, which are often essential for bacterial fitness. Several secreted proteins or secretion machineries have been extensively studied as potential drug targets. It is therefore important to identify the secretion substrates, to understand how they are specifically recognized by the secretion machineries, and how transport through these machineries occurs. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the biochemical, genetic and imaging tools that have been developed to evaluate protein secretion in a qualitative or quantitative manner. After a brief overview of the different tools available, we will illustrate their advantages and limitations through a discussion of some of the current open questions related to protein secretion. We will start with the question of the identification of secreted proteins, which for many bacteria remains a critical initial step toward a better understanding of their interactions with the environment. We will then illustrate our toolbox by reporting how these tools have been applied to better understand how substrates are recognized by their cognate machinery, and how secretion proceeds. Finally, we will highlight recent approaches that aim at investigating secretion in real time, and in complex environments such as a tissue or an organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Maffei
- Unité de Biologie Cellulaire de l'Infection Microbienne, Institut PasteurParis, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3691Paris, France
| | - Olivera Francetic
- Unité de Biochimie des Interactions Macromoléculaires, Institut PasteurParis, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ERL6002Paris, France
| | - Agathe Subtil
- Unité de Biologie Cellulaire de l'Infection Microbienne, Institut PasteurParis, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3691Paris, France
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27
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Fedeson DT, Ducat DC. Cyanobacterial Surface Display System Mediates Engineered Interspecies and Abiotic Binding. ACS Synth Biol 2017; 6:367-374. [PMID: 27794611 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.6b00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are uniquely suited for the development of sustainable bioproduction platforms but are currently underutilized in scaled applications in part due to a lack of genetic tools. Here, we develop a surface display system in the cyanobacterial model Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 via expression of modified versions of the outer membrane porin SomA. Importantly, we demonstrate accessibility of heterologous functional groups on the recombinant porin to the external environment in living cells. We show that this requires the removal of occluding factors that include lipopolysaccharides and a putative surface layer protein. Displayed epitopes on SomA can be utilized to mediate physical adhesion between living cyanobacteria and abiotic surfaces or an engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae partner strain. We show that >80% of cyanobacterial cells attach to functionalized magnetic beads, allowing for magnet-assisted recovery. This work showcases the development of a functional surface display system in cyanobacteria with wide-ranging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek T. Fedeson
- DOE-MSU
Plant Research Laboratories, ‡Genetics Program, and §Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Daniel C. Ducat
- DOE-MSU
Plant Research Laboratories, ‡Genetics Program, and §Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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