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Kumar R, Awasthi S, Pradhan D, Kumar R, Goel H, Singh J, Haider I, Deo SVS, Kumar C, Srivastava A, Bhatnagar A, Kumar R, Lakshmi S, Augustine P, Ranjan A, Chopra A, Gogia A, Batra A, Mathur S, Rath GK, Kaur T, Dhaliwal RS, Mathew A, Agrawal U, Hussain S, Tanwar P. Somatic mutational landscape across Indian breast cancer cases by whole exome sequencing. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18679. [PMID: 39134585 PMCID: PMC11319672 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65148-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) has emerged as the most common malignancy among females. The genomic profile of BC is diverse in nature and complex due to heterogeneity among various geographically different ethnic groups. The primary objective of this study was to carry out a comprehensive mutational analysis of Indian BC cases by performing whole exome sequencing. The cohort included patients with a median age of 48 years. TTN, TP53, MUC16, SYNE1, and OBSCN were the frequently altered genes found in our cohort. The PIK3CA and KLC3 genes are driver genes implicated in various cellular functions and cargo transportation through microtubules, respectively. Except for CCDC168 and PIK3CA, several gene pairings were found to be significantly linked with co-occurrence. Irrespective of their hormonal receptor status, RTK/RAS was observed with frequently altered signaling pathways. Further analysis of the mutational signature revealed that SBS13, SBS6, and SBS29 were mainly observed in our cohort. This study supplements the discovery of diagnostic biomarkers and provides new therapeutic options for the improved management of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Supriya Awasthi
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Rakesh Kumar
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Harsh Goel
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jay Singh
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Imran Haider
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S V S Deo
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Chitresh Kumar
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anurag Srivastava
- Department of General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Amar Bhatnagar
- Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - S Lakshmi
- Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Paul Augustine
- Division of Surgical Services, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Amar Ranjan
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Chopra
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Gogia
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Atul Batra
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Mathur
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Goura Kishor Rath
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tanvir Kaur
- Division of Non-Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - R S Dhaliwal
- Division of Non-Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Aleyamma Mathew
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Usha Agrawal
- ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
| | - Showket Hussain
- Division of Molecular Oncology, National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, India
| | - Pranay Tanwar
- Dr. B. R. A.-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Tjader NP, Beer AJ, Ramroop J, Tai MC, Ping J, Gandhi T, Dauch C, Neuhausen SL, Ziv E, Sotelo N, Ghanekar S, Meadows O, Paredes M, Gillespie JL, Aeilts AM, Hampel H, Zheng W, Jia G, Hu Q, Wei L, Liu S, Ambrosone CB, Palmer JR, Carpten JD, Yao S, Stevens P, Ho WK, Pan JW, Fadda P, Huo D, Teo SH, McElroy JP, Toland AE. Association of ESR1 Germline Variants with TP53 Somatic Variants in Breast Tumors in a Genome-wide Study. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:1597-1608. [PMID: 38836758 PMCID: PMC11210444 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-24-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
In breast tumors, somatic mutation frequencies in TP53 and PIK3CA vary by tumor subtype and ancestry. Emerging data suggest tumor mutation status is associated with germline variants and genetic ancestry. We aimed to identify germline variants that are associated with somatic TP53 or PIK3CA mutation status in breast tumors. A genome-wide association study was conducted in 2,850 women of European ancestry with breast cancer using TP53 and PIK3CA mutation status (positive or negative) as well as specific functional categories [e.g., TP53 gain-of-function (GOF) and loss-of-function, PIK3CA activating] as phenotypes. Germline variants showing evidence of association were selected for validation analyses and tested in multiple independent datasets. Discovery association analyses found five variants associated with TP53 mutation status with P values <1 × 10-6 and 33 variants with P values <1 × 10-5. Forty-four variants were associated with PIK3CA mutation status with P values <1 × 10-5. In validation analyses, only variants at the ESR1 locus were associated with TP53 mutation status after multiple comparisons corrections. Combined analyses in European and Malaysian populations found ESR1 locus variants rs9383938 and rs9479090 associated with the presence of TP53 mutations overall (P values 2 × 10-11 and 4.6 × 10-10, respectively). rs9383938 also showed association with TP53 GOF mutations (P value 6.1 × 10-7). rs9479090 showed suggestive evidence (P value 0.02) for association with TP53 mutation status in African ancestry populations. No other variants were significantly associated with TP53 or PIK3CA mutation status. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings and determine if additional variants contribute to ancestry-specific differences in mutation frequency. SIGNIFICANCE Emerging data show ancestry-specific differences in TP53 and PIK3CA mutation frequency in breast tumors suggesting that germline variants may influence somatic mutational processes. This study identified variants near ESR1 associated with TP53 mutation status and identified additional loci with suggestive association which may provide biological insight into observed differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nijole P. Tjader
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Abigail J. Beer
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Johnny Ramroop
- The City College of New York, City University of New York, New York, New York
| | - Mei-Chee Tai
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jie Ping
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Tanish Gandhi
- Biomedical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
- The Ohio State University Medical School, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Cara Dauch
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Clinical Trials Office, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Susan L. Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Elad Ziv
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Nereida Sotelo
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Shreya Ghanekar
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Owen Meadows
- Biomedical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Monica Paredes
- Biomedical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Amber M. Aeilts
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Human Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Heather Hampel
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Guochong Jia
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Christine B. Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Control and Prevention, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Julie R. Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John D. Carpten
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
- Department of Integrative Translational Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Cancer Control and Prevention, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Patrick Stevens
- Bioinformatics Shared Resource, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Weang-Kee Ho
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jia Wern Pan
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Paolo Fadda
- Genomics Shared Resource, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Dezheng Huo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Joseph Paul McElroy
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Center for Biostatistics, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Amanda E. Toland
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Human Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Acosta-Vega NL, Varela R, Mesa JA, Garai J, Gómez-Gutiérrez A, Serrano-Gómez SJ, Zabaleta J, Sanabria-Salas MC, Combita AL. Genetic ancestry and radical prostatectomy findings in Hispanic/Latino patients. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1338250. [PMID: 38634046 PMCID: PMC11021589 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1338250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background African ancestry is a known factor associated with the presentation and aggressiveness of prostate cancer (PC). Hispanic/Latino populations exhibit varying degrees of genetic admixture across Latin American countries, leading to diverse levels of African ancestry. However, it remains unclear whether genetic ancestry plays a role in the aggressiveness of PC in Hispanic/Latino patients. We explored the associations between genetic ancestry and the clinicopathological data in Hispanic/Latino PC patients from Colombia. Patients and methods We estimated the European, Indigenous and African genetic ancestry, of 230 Colombian patients with localized/regionally advanced PC through a validated panel for genotypification of 106 Ancestry Informative Markers. We examined the associations of the genetic ancestry components with the Gleason Grade Groups (GG) and the clinicopathological characteristics. Results No association was observed between the genetic ancestry with the biochemical recurrence or Gleason GG; however, in a two groups comparison, there were statistically significant differences between GG3 and GG4/GG5 for European ancestry, with a higher mean ancestry proportion in GG4/GG5. A lower risk of being diagnosed at an advanced age was observed for patients with high African ancestry than those with low African ancestry patients (OR: 0.96, CI: 0.92-0.99, p=0.03). Conclusion Our findings revealed an increased risk of presentation of PC at an earlier age in patients with higher African ancestry compared to patients with lower African ancestry in our Hispanic/Latino patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia L. Acosta-Vega
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
- Programa de doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Rodolfo Varela
- Departamento de Urología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
- Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Jorge Andrés Mesa
- Departamento de Patología Oncológica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Jone Garai
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Alberto Gómez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Silvia J. Serrano-Gómez
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - María Carolina Sanabria-Salas
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Alba L. Combita
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
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4
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Gao X, Li G, Deng J, Zhao L, Han W, Zhang N, Gao Y, Lu L, Wang S, Yu J, Yan J, Zhang G, Peng R, Zhang R, Fu Y, He F, Hu J, Wang W, Fan P, Si C, Gao P, Liang H, Chen H, Ji G, Shang L, Zhao Q, Zhang Z, Yang S, Wang Z, Xi H, Chen Y, Wu K, Nie Y. Association of survival with adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage IB gastric cancer: a multicentre, observational, cohort study. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2024; 45:101031. [PMID: 38361774 PMCID: PMC10867760 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Background Recurrence following radical resection in patients with stage IB gastric cancer (GC) is not uncommon. However, whether postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy could reduce the risk of recurrence in stage IB GC remains contentious. Methods We collected data on 2110 consecutive patients with pathologic stage IB (T1N1M0 or T2N0M0) GC who were admitted to 8 hospitals in China from 2009 to 2018. The survival of patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy was compared with that of postoperative observation patients using propensity score matching (PSM). Two survival prediction models were constructed to estimate the predicted net survival gain attributable to adjuvant chemotherapy. Findings Of the 2110 patients, 1344 received adjuvant chemotherapy and 766 received postoperative observation. Following the 1-to-1 matching, PSM yielded 637 matched pairs. Among matched pairs, adjuvant chemotherapy was not associated with improved survival compared with postoperative observation (OS: hazard ratio [HR], 0.72; 95% CI, 0.52-1.00; DFS: HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.64-1.29). Interestingly, in the subgroup analysis, reduced mortality after adjuvant chemotherapy was observed in the subgroups with elevated serum CA19-9 (HR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.08-0.57; P = 0.001 for multiplicative interaction), positive lymphovascular invasion (HR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.17-0.62; P < 0.001 for multiplicative interaction), or positive lymph nodes (HR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.07-0.38; P < 0.001 for multiplicative interaction). The survival prediction models mainly based on variables associated with chemotherapy benefits in the subgroup analysis demonstrated good calibration and discrimination, with relatively high C-indexes. The C-indexes for OS were 0.74 for patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy and 0.70 for patients treated with postoperative observation. Two nomograms were built from the models that can calculate individualized estimates of expected net survival gain attributable to adjuvant chemotherapy. Interpretation In this cohort study, pathologic stage IB alone was not associated with survival benefits from adjuvant chemotherapy compared with postoperative observation in patients with early-stage GC. High-risk clinicopathologic features should be considered simultaneously when evaluating patients with stage IB GC for adjuvant chemotherapy. Funding National Natural Science Foundation of China; the National Key R&D Program of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianchun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jingyu Deng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Cancer for Cancer, West Huanhu Road, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Lulu Zhao
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Weili Han
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yunhe Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Linbin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Junya Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Rupeng Zhang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Cancer for Cancer, West Huanhu Road, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, 804 Shengli, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Junguo Hu
- Gansu Wuwei Cancer Hospital, 16 Xuanwu, Wuwei 733000, China
| | - Wanqing Wang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Gansu Wuwei Cancer Hospital, 16 Xuanwu, Wuwei 733000, China
| | - Cen Si
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, 804 Shengli, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Cancer for Cancer, West Huanhu Road, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Huanqiu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 42 Baiziting, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Gang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Lei Shang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Qingchuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhiyi Zhang
- Gansu Wuwei Cancer Hospital, 16 Xuanwu, Wuwei 733000, China
| | - Shaoqi Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, 804 Shengli, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Hongqing Xi
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yingtai Chen
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Kaichun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China
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5
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Xing T, Zhao Y, Wang L, Geng W, Liu W, Zhou J, Huang C, Wang W, Chu X, Liu B, Chen K, Zheng H, Li L. Fine-scale mapping of chromosome 9q22.33 identifies candidate causal variant in ovarian cancer. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16918. [PMID: 38371376 PMCID: PMC10874173 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a complex polygenic disease in which genetic factors play a significant role in disease etiology. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified a novel variant on chromosome 9q22.33 as a susceptibility locus for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in the Han Chinese population. However, the underlying mechanism of this genomic region remained unknown. In this study, we conducted a fine-mapping analysis of 130 kb regions, including 1,039 variants in 200 healthy women. Ten variants were selected to evaluate the association with EOC risk in 1,099 EOC cases and 1,591 controls. We identified two variants that were significantly associated with ovarian cancer risk (rs7027650, P = 1.91 × 10-7; rs1889268, P = 3.71 × 10-2). Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis found that rs7027650 was significantly correlated with COL15A1 gene expression (P = 0.009). The Luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that rs7027650 could interact with the promoter region of COL15A1, reducing its activity. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) showed the allele-specific binding capacity of rs7027650. These findings revealed that rs7027650 could be a potential causal variant at 9q22.33 region and may regulate the expression level of COL15A1. This study offered insight into the molecular mechanism behind a potential causal variant that affects the risk of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu Xing
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanrui Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Geng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Caiyun Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinlei Chu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ben Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lian Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major Diseases, Ministry of Education, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Tjader NP, Beer AJ, Ramroop J, Tai MC, Ping J, Gandhi T, Dauch C, Neuhausen SL, Ziv E, Sotelo N, Ghanekar S, Meadows O, Paredes M, Gillespie J, Aeilts A, Hampel H, Zheng W, Jia G, Hu Q, Wei L, Liu S, Ambrosone CB, Palmer JR, Carpten JD, Yao S, Stevens P, Ho WK, Pan JW, Fadda P, Huo D, Teo SH, McElroy JP, Toland AE. Association of ESR1 germline variants with TP53 somatic variants in breast tumors in a genome-wide study. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.12.06.23299442. [PMID: 38106140 PMCID: PMC10723566 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.06.23299442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Background In breast tumors, somatic mutation frequencies in TP53 and PIK3CA vary by tumor subtype and ancestry. HER2 positive and triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) have a higher frequency of TP53 somatic mutations than other subtypes. PIK3CA mutations are more frequently observed in hormone receptor positive tumors. Emerging data suggest tumor mutation status is associated with germline variants and genetic ancestry. We aimed to identify germline variants that are associated with somatic TP53 or PIK3CA mutation status in breast tumors. Methods A genome-wide association study was conducted using breast cancer mutation status of TP53 and PIK3CA and functional mutation categories including TP53 gain of function (GOF) and loss of function mutations and PIK3CA activating/hotspot mutations. The discovery analysis consisted of 2850 European ancestry women from three datasets. Germline variants showing evidence of association with somatic mutations were selected for validation analyses based on predicted function, allele frequency, and proximity to known cancer genes or risk loci. Candidate variants were assessed for association with mutation status in a multi-ancestry validation study, a Malaysian study, and a study of African American/Black women with TNBC. Results The discovery Germline x Mutation (GxM) association study found five variants associated with one or more TP53 phenotypes with P values <1×10-6, 33 variants associated with one or more TP53 phenotypes with P values <1×10-5, and 44 variants associated with one or more PIK3CA phenotypes with P values <1×10-5. In the multi-ancestry and Malaysian validation studies, germline ESR1 locus variant, rs9383938, was associated with the presence of TP53 mutations overall (P values 6.8×10-5 and 9.8×10-8, respectively) and TP53 GOF mutations (P value 8.4×10-6). Multiple variants showed suggestive evidence of association with PIK3CA mutation status in the validation studies, but none were significant after correction for multiple comparisons. Conclusions We found evidence that germline variants were associated with TP53 and PIK3CA mutation status in breast cancers. Variants near the estrogen receptor alpha gene, ESR1, were significantly associated with overall TP53 mutations and GOF mutations. Larger multi-ancestry studies are needed to confirm these findings and determine if these variants contribute to ancestry-specific differences in mutation frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nijole P. Tjader
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Abigail J. Beer
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Johnny Ramroop
- The City College of New York, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mei-Chee Tai
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Jie Ping
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37203
| | - Tanish Gandhi
- Biomedical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Medical School, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Cara Dauch
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Clinical Trials Office, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Susan L. Neuhausen
- Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Department of Population Sciences, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Elad Ziv
- University of California, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- University of California, Department of Medicine, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- University of California San Francisco, Institute for Human Genetics, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nereida Sotelo
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shreya Ghanekar
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Owen Meadows
- Biomedical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Monica Paredes
- Biomedical Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jessica Gillespie
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amber Aeilts
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Human Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Heather Hampel
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37203
| | - Guochong Jia
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN 37203
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Christine B. Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Control and Prevention, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Julie R. Palmer
- Slone Epidemiology Center at Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John D. Carpten
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
- Department of Integrative Translational Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Cancer Control and Prevention, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Patrick Stevens
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Weang-Kee Ho
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor 43500, Malaysia
| | - Jia Wern Pan
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Paolo Fadda
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Genomics Shared Resource, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dezheng Huo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
- Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Joseph Paul McElroy
- The Ohio State University Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amanda Ewart Toland
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Human Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Begum NF, Ramani P. Gender-based cytomorphometric analysis of buccal exfoliated cells in a South Indian population. Cytopathology 2023; 34:361-366. [PMID: 37173830 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess differences based on gender in nuclear area (NA), cytoplasmic area (CA), and nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (N:C ratio) values for clinically normal buccal smears in apparently healthy subjects of a South Indian population, thereby providing definitive baseline cytomorphometric measurements for the South Indian population. METHODS Buccal smears were collected from 60 healthy subjects (30 males and 30 females) of a South Indian population above 18 years in age. Values of the NA and CA were measured, and the N:C ratio calculated, using ImageJ software. Statistical analysis of the data with independent t tests and 95% confidence intervals was done using SPSS version 21 (significance set at P < 0.05). RESULTS The results showed that there were significant differences in the NA, CA, and N:C values between males and females irrespective of age (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION Definitive gender-specific baseline cytomorphometric data can be established using exfoliative cytology for the South Indian population, and this may be helpful in deciphering the occurrence of oral pre-malignant diseases and oral squamous cell carcinoma in this population, as the incidence of these conditions varies with gender and different ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fazulunnisa Begum
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai, India
| | - Pratibha Ramani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai, India
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8
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Martins T, Ukoumunne OC, Lyratzopoulos G, Hamilton W, Abel G. Are There Ethnic Differences in Recorded Features among Patients Subsequently Diagnosed with Cancer? An English Longitudinal Data-Linked Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3100. [PMID: 37370710 PMCID: PMC10296232 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated ethnic differences in the presenting features recorded in primary care before cancer diagnosis. METHODS English population-based cancer-registry-linked primary care data were analysed. We identified the coded features of six cancers (breast, lung, prostate, colorectal, oesophagogastric, and myeloma) in the year pre-diagnosis. Logistic regression models investigated ethnic differences in first-incident cancer features, adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, deprivation, and comorbidity. RESULTS Of 130,944 patients, 92% were White. In total, 188,487 incident features were recorded in the year pre-diagnosis, with 48% (89,531) as sole features. Compared with White patients, Asian and Black patients with breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer were more likely than White patients to have multiple features; the opposite was seen for the Black and Other ethnic groups with lung or prostate cancer. The proportion with relevant recorded features was broadly similar by ethnicity, with notable cancer-specific exceptions. Asian and Black patients were more likely to have low-risk features (e.g., cough, upper abdominal pain) recorded. Non-White patients were less likely to have alarm features. CONCLUSION The degree to which these differences reflect disease, patient or healthcare factors is unclear. Further research examining the predictive value of cancer features in ethnic minority groups and their association with cancer outcomes is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanimola Martins
- Department of Health and Community Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter St Luke’s Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (W.H.); (G.A.)
| | - Obioha C. Ukoumunne
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Applied Research Collaboration (ARC) South West Peninsula (PenARC), Department of Health and Community Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK;
| | - Georgios Lyratzopoulos
- Epidemiology of Cancer Healthcare & Outcomes (ECHO) Group, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 7HB, UK;
| | - Willie Hamilton
- Department of Health and Community Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter St Luke’s Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (W.H.); (G.A.)
| | - Gary Abel
- Department of Health and Community Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter St Luke’s Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; (W.H.); (G.A.)
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9
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Chen RJ, Wang JJ, Williamson DFK, Chen TY, Lipkova J, Lu MY, Sahai S, Mahmood F. Algorithmic fairness in artificial intelligence for medicine and healthcare. Nat Biomed Eng 2023; 7:719-742. [PMID: 37380750 PMCID: PMC10632090 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01056-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
In healthcare, the development and deployment of insufficiently fair systems of artificial intelligence (AI) can undermine the delivery of equitable care. Assessments of AI models stratified across subpopulations have revealed inequalities in how patients are diagnosed, treated and billed. In this Perspective, we outline fairness in machine learning through the lens of healthcare, and discuss how algorithmic biases (in data acquisition, genetic variation and intra-observer labelling variability, in particular) arise in clinical workflows and the resulting healthcare disparities. We also review emerging technology for mitigating biases via disentanglement, federated learning and model explainability, and their role in the development of AI-based software as a medical device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Chen
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cancer Data Science Program, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Judy J Wang
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Drew F K Williamson
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tiffany Y Chen
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jana Lipkova
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ming Y Lu
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cancer Data Science Program, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sharifa Sahai
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Faisal Mahmood
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Cancer Data Science Program, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Data Science Initiative, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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10
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Richardson A, Darst B, Wojcik G, Wagle N, Haricharan S. Research Silos in Cancer Disparities: Obstacles to Improving Clinical Outcomes for Underserved Patient Populations. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:1194-1199. [PMID: 36638200 PMCID: PMC10073283 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-3182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite much vaunted progress in cancer therapeutics and diagnostics, outcomes for many groups of non-White patients with cancer remain worse than those for their White compatriots. One reason for this is the lack of inclusion and representation of non-White patients in clinical trials, preclinical datasets, and among researchers, a shortfall that is gaining wide recognition within the cancer research community and the lay public. Several reviews and editorials have commented on the negative impacts of the status quo on progress in cancer research toward medical breakthroughs that help all communities and not just White patients with cancer. In this perspective, we describe the existence of research silos focused either on the impact of socioeconomic factors proceeding from systemic racism on cancer outcomes, or on genetic ancestry as it affects the molecular biology of cancer developing in specific patient populations. While both these research areas are critical for progress toward precision medicine equity, breaking down these silos will help us gain an integrated understanding of how race and racism impact cancer development, progression, and patient outcomes. Bringing this comprehensive approach to cancer disparities research will undoubtedly improve our overall understanding of how stress and environmental factors affect the molecular biology of cancer, which will lead to the development of new diagnostics and therapeutics that are applicable across cancer patient demographics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Burcu Darst
- Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Genevieve Wojcik
- Dept of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nikhil Wagle
- Dept of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Svasti Haricharan
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
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11
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Acosta-Vega NL, Varela R, Mesa JA, Garai J, Baddoo MC, Gómez-Gutiérrez A, Serrano-Gómez SJ, Lemus MN, Serrano ML, Zabaleta J, Combita AL, Sanabria-Salas MC. Metabolic pathways enriched according to ERG status are associated with biochemical recurrence in Hispanic/Latino patients with prostate cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:4306-4320. [PMID: 36329628 PMCID: PMC9972164 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of ERG-status molecular subtyping in prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa) is still under debate. In this study, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) according to ERG-status to explore their enriched pathways and implications in prognosis in Hispanic/Latino PCa patients. METHODS RNA from 78 Hispanic PCa tissues from radical prostatectomies (RP) were used for RNA-sequencing. ERGhigh /ERGlow tumor groups were determined based on the 1.5-fold change median expression in non-tumor samples. DEGs with a False Discovery Rate (FDR) < 0.01 and a fold change >2 were identified between ERGhigh and ERGlow tumors and submitted to enrichment analysis in MetaCore. Survival and association analyses were performed to evaluate biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival. RESULTS The identification of 150 DEGs between ERGhigh and ERGlow tumors revealed clustering of most of the non-BCR cases (60%) into de ERGhigh group and most of the BCR cases (60.8%) in ERGlow group. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed a worst BCR-free survival for ERGlow patients, and a significant reduced risk of BCR was observed for ERGhigh cases (OR = 0.29 (95%CI, 0.10-0.8)). Enrichment pathway analysis identified metabolic-related pathways, such as the renin-angiotensin system and angiotensin maturation system, the linoleic acid metabolism, and polyamines metabolism in these ERG groups. CONCLUSIONS ERGlow tumor cases were associated with poor BCR-free survival in our Hispanic/Latino patients, with metabolism-related pathways altered in the BCR progression. IMPACT Our findings suggest the need to dissect the role of diet, metabolism, and lifestyle as risk factors for more aggressive PCa subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia L Acosta-Vega
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.,Programa de doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Rodolfo Varela
- Departamento de Urología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Jorge Andrés Mesa
- Departamento de Patología Oncológica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Jone Garai
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Melody C Baddoo
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Alberto Gómez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Silvia J Serrano-Gómez
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Marcela Nuñez Lemus
- Grupo de Apoyo y Seguimiento para la Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Martha Lucía Serrano
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.,Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Alba L Combita
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Colombia, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.,Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
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Kizub D, Manner CK, Graef K, Abubakar B, Orem J, Odedina F, Adeyeye MC, Nakigudde G, Ayalew K, Kalidas C, Lyerly HK, Norman T, Fashoyin-Aje L, Freedman J, Dent J, Cance B, Gralow J. Action for Increasing Diversity, Market Access, and Capacity in Oncology Registration Trials—Is Africa the Answer? Report From a Satellite Session of the Accelerating Anti-Cancer Agent Development and Validation Workshop. JCO Glob Oncol 2022; 8:e2200117. [PMID: 35714309 PMCID: PMC9232363 DOI: 10.1200/go.22.00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients of African ancestry are not well-represented in cancer clinical trials despite bearing a disproportionate share of mortality both in United States and Africa. We describe key stakeholder perspectives and priorities related to bringing early-stage cancer clinical trials to Africa and outline essential action steps. Increasing Diversity, Market Access, and Capacity in Oncology Registration Trials—Is Africa the Answer? satellite session was organized at 2021 Accelerating Anti-Cancer Agent Development and Validation Workshop. Panelists included representatives of African Organization for Research and Training in Cancer, Uganda Cancer Institute, Uganda Women's Cancer Support Organization, BIO Ventures for Global Health, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the US Food and Drug Administration, Nigeria's National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control, Bayer, and Genentech, with moderators from ASCO and American Cancer Society. Key discussion themes and resulting action steps were agreed upon by all participants. Panelists agreed that increasing diversity in cancer clinical trials by including African patients is key to ensuring novel drugs are safe and effective across populations. They underscored the importance of equity in clinical trial access for patients in Africa. Panelists discussed their values related to access and barriers to opening clinical trials in Africa and described innovative solutions from their work aimed at overcoming these obstacles. Multisectoral collaboration efforts that allow leveraging of limited resources and result in sustainable capacity building and mutually beneficial long-term partnerships were discussed as key to outlined action steps. The panel discussion resulted in valuable insights about key stakeholder values and priorities related to bringing early-stage clinical trials to Africa, as well as specific actions for each stakeholder group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darya Kizub
- University of Texas MD Anderson Research Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Katy Graef
- BIO Ventures for Global Health, Seattle, WA
| | - Bello Abubakar
- National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
- African Organization for Research and Training in Cancer (AORTIC), Rondebosch, South Africa
| | | | - Folakemi Odedina
- African Organization for Research and Training in Cancer (AORTIC), Rondebosch, South Africa
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | - Kassa Ayalew
- United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
| | | | | | - Thea Norman
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | | | | | - Julie Gralow
- American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA
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13
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Phan NN, Hsu CY, Huang CC, Tseng LM, Chuang EY. Prediction of Breast Cancer Recurrence Using a Deep Convolutional Neural Network Without Region-of-Interest Labeling. Front Oncol 2021; 11:734015. [PMID: 34745954 PMCID: PMC8567097 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.734015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study aimed to assign a risk score for breast cancer recurrence based on pathological whole slide images (WSIs) using a deep learning model. Methods A total of 233 WSIs from 138 breast cancer patients were assigned either a low-risk or a high-risk score based on a 70-gene signature. These images were processed into patches of 512x512 pixels by the PyHIST tool and underwent color normalization using the Macenko method. Afterward, out of focus and pixelated patches were removed using the Laplacian algorithm. Finally, the remaining patches (n=294,562) were split into 3 parts for model training (50%), validation (7%) and testing (43%). We used 6 pretrained models for transfer learning and evaluated their performance using accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, confusion matrix, and AUC. Additionally, to demonstrate the robustness of the final model and its generalization capacity, the testing set was used for model evaluation. Finally, the GRAD-CAM algorithm was used for model visualization. Results Six models, namely VGG16, ResNet50, ResNet101, Inception_ResNet, EfficientB5, and Xception, achieved high performance in the validation set with an overall accuracy of 0.84, 0.85, 0.83, 0.84, 0.87, and 0.91, respectively. We selected Xception for assessment of the testing set, and this model achieved an overall accuracy of 0.87 with a patch-wise approach and 0.90 and 1.00 with a patient-wise approach for high-risk and low-risk groups, respectively. Conclusions Our study demonstrated the feasibility and high performance of artificial intelligence models trained without region-of-interest labeling for predicting cancer recurrence based on a 70-gene signature risk score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Nhut Phan
- Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Centre of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yi Hsu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,College of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Huang
- Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ming Tseng
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eric Y Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Centre of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Master Program for Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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14
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Graef KM, Okoye I, Ohene Oti NO, Dent J, Odedina FT. Operational Strategies for Clinical Trials in Africa. JCO Glob Oncol 2021; 6:973-982. [PMID: 32614727 PMCID: PMC7392738 DOI: 10.1200/jgo.19.00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In a dramatic reversal of longstanding trends, cancer now kills more Africans than malaria. Despite Africa’s growing cancer burden, individuals of African descent, notably those residing in Africa, remain drastically under-represented in cancer clinical trials. Two recent summits—the 1st All Africa Clinical Trial Summit and the Operational Strategy for Clinical Trials in Nigeria Summit—convened experts from governments, the private sector, universities, and professional societies to define the barriers to Africa’s participation in multicenter clinical studies and the strategies to eliminate those impedances. METHODS The discussions held during the two clinical trial summits were condensed into a set of 10 recommendations covering five broad categories (funding, regulation, capacity building, Africa-centric approach, and patient engagement). In this article, four programs are presented as examples of how the summits’ recommendations can be put into practice to improve Africa’s ability to attract clinical trials, in particular, cancer clinical trials. RESULTS These example programs all leveraged a multilateral, Africa-driven approach to building Africa’s clinical trial capacity, increasing visibility of Africa’s current clinical trial capabilities and priorities, improving regulatory infrastructure and enforcement on the continent, and optimizing patient and clinician engagement strategies. CONCLUSION The four programs are anticipated to catalyze the involvement of more African health care sites in cancer clinical trials, enroll a greater number of African patients with cancer in those trials, and, ultimately, reverse Africa’s growing cancer incidence and mortality rates. Each program acts as a blueprint for organizations—whether government, academic, or industry—seeking to address the summits’ recommendations and increase Africa’s contributions to and active participation in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ifeoma Okoye
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.,University of Nigeria Centre for Clinical Trials, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Ituku Ozalla, Nigeria
| | - Naomi O Ohene Oti
- National Centre for Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Folakemi T Odedina
- University of Florida, Orlando, FL.,Prostate Cancer Transatlantic Consortium, Orlando, FL
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15
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Rahmatpanah F, Robles GD, Lilly M, Keane T, Kumar V, Mercola D, Randhawa P, McClelland M. RNA expression differences in prostate tumors and tumor-adjacent stroma between Black and White Americans. Oncotarget 2021; 12:1457-1469. [PMID: 34316327 PMCID: PMC8310667 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) in Black Americans (BA) is diagnosed at an earlier median age and a more advanced stage than PCa in White Americans (WA). Tumor-adjacent stroma (TAS) plays a critical role in tumorigenesis of prostate cancer. We examined RNA expression in both tumor and TAS of BA compared to WA. After evaluating the geographical ancestry of each sample, preliminary analysis of our own RNA-seq data of 7 BA and 7 WA TAS revealed 1706 downregulated and 1844 upregulated genes in BA relative to WA PCa patients (p adj < 0.05). An assessment of published RNA-seq data of clinically matched tumor-enriched tissues from 15 BA and 30 WA patients revealed 932 upregulated and 476 downregulated genes in BA relative to WA (p adj < 0.05). When TAS and tumor epithelial cohorts were compared for the top 2500 statistically significant genes, immune responses were downregulated in BA vs WA TAS, while T cell-exhaustion pathways and the immune checkpoint gene CTLA4 were upregulated in BA vs WA tumors. We found fewer activated dendritic cells in tumor and more CD8 T-cells in TAS of BA versus WA PCa patients. Further characterization of these differences in the immune response of PCa patients of distinct geographical ancestry could help to improve diagnostics, prognostics, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Rahmatpanah
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Gabriela De Robles
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Michael Lilly
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Thomas Keane
- Department of Urology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Dan Mercola
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Pavneet Randhawa
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Michael McClelland
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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16
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High Levels of Low-Density Lipoproteins Correlate with Improved Survival in Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050506. [PMID: 34064440 PMCID: PMC8147766 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating lipoproteins as risk factors or prognostic indicators for various cancers have been investigated previously; however, no clear consensus has been reached. In this study, we aimed at evaluating the impact of serum lipoproteins on the prognosis of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), triglycerides and lipoprotein(a) were measured in serum samples from 106 patients and 28 healthy controls. We found that HDL was the only lipoprotein exhibiting a significant difference in concentration between healthy controls and patients (p = 0.012). Kaplan–Meier survival curves indicated that patients with high levels of total cholesterol or LDL had better overall survival than patients with normal levels (p = 0.028 and p = 0.007, respectively). Looking at patients without lipid medication (n = 89) and adjusting for the effects of TNM stage and weight change, multivariate Cox regression models indicated that LDL was an independent prognostic factor for both overall (p = 0.005) and disease-free survival (p = 0.013). In summary, our study revealed that high LDL level is beneficial for survival outcome in patients with SCCHN. Use of cholesterol-lowering medicines for prevention or management of SCCHN needs to be evaluated carefully.
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17
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The Survival Advantage of Females at Premenopausal Age Is Race Dependent in Colorectal Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7434783. [PMID: 33457414 PMCID: PMC7787739 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7434783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background A female prognostic advantage in younger individuals has been demonstrated in various cancers. Several large-scale analyses based on different racial backgrounds have reported inconsistent results in colorectal cancer. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic value of sex and age in patients with colorectal cancer of different ethnic groups. Methods We identified 71,812 eligible patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. According to age at diagnosis, the patients were categorized into premenopausal age (≤45 yrs), menopausal age (46–54 yrs), and postmenopausal age (≥55 yrs) subgroups for further analysis. Results Multivariate analysis identified the female survival advantage to be significant in the premenopausal age subgroup (P = 0.002, HR (95% CI): 0.73 (0.60–0.89)), diminished in the menopausal age subgroup (P = 0.09), and absent in the postmenopausal age subgroup (P = 0.96). Furthermore, the female survival advantage at premenopausal age was significant only in white patients (P = 0.001, HR (95% CI): 0.68 (0.54–0.87)) and not in either American Indian/Alaska Native or Asian or Pacific Islander patients. There was a trend of better survival of females in black patients (P = 0.07). Conclusions Sex was a major prognostic factor in colorectal cancer patients, especially premenopausal women, and the difference was also associated with race.
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Sitagliptin Modulates the Response of Ovarian Cancer Cells to Chemotherapeutic Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238976. [PMID: 33256016 PMCID: PMC7731375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The strong association between diabetes mellitus type 2 and cancer is observed. The incidence of both diseases is increasing globally due to the interaction between them. Recent studies suggest that there is also an association between cancer incidence and anti-diabetic medications. An inhibitor of dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP-4), sitagliptin, is used in diabetes treatment. We examined the influence of sitagliptin alone or in combination with a cytostatic drug (paclitaxel) on the development of epithelial ovarian cancer cells and the process of metastasis. We examined migration, invasiveness, apoptosis, and metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors’ (TIMPs) production in two human ovarian cancer cell lines. Sitagliptin induced apoptosis by caspase 3/7 activation in paclitaxel-treated SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells. Sitagliptin maintained paclitaxel influence on ERK and Akt signaling pathways. Sitagliptin additionally reduced migration and invasiveness of SKOV-3 cells. There were distinct differences of metalloproteinases production in sitagliptin-stimulated ovarian cancer cells in both cell lines, despite their identical histological classification. Only the SKOV-3 cell line expressed MMPs and TIMPs. SKOV-3 cells co-treated with sitagliptin and paclitaxel decreased concentrations of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-10, TIMP-1, TIMP-2. The obtained data showed that sitagliptin used with paclitaxel may be considered as a possibility of pharmacological modulation of intracellular transmission pathways to improve the response to chemotherapy.
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da Silveira MA, Ferreira WAS, Amorim CKN, Brito JRN, Kayath AS, Sagica FDES, de Oliveira EHC. Meningiomas: An Overview of the Landscape of Copy Number Alterations in Samples from an Admixed Population. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:3821695. [PMID: 32670372 PMCID: PMC7341374 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3821695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Meningiomas are considered the most common intracranial tumors, affecting mainly women. Studies in mixed populations can be of great importance to clarify issues related to the genetic diversity of tumors and their development. Considering that data obtained from analyses of the profile of copy number alterations (CNA) have been a useful diagnostic indicator for many types of tumors and that meningiomas show a complex pattern of gains and losses in the number of copies, our objective was to analyze the CNA profile in 33 samples of meningiomas of different histological grades (WHO Grade I-III) from patients in a city located in the Amazon region of Brazil, using aCGH. We found that the female to male ratio was 3 : 1. The aCGH analysis revealed a total of 2304 CNA, with an average of 69.8 ± 57.4 per case, of which 1197 were gains (52%), 926 were losses (40.2%), 105 were amplifications (4. 5%), and 76 were deletions (3.3%). A significant relationship was observed between the type of CNA and the degree of the tumor (chi-square test: χ 2 = 65,844; p < 0.0001; contingency coefficient: C = 0.1772; p < 0.0001). Evaluating the recurrent changes in at least 50% of the samples, we observe as the most frequent losses of the segments 22q13.1-q13.2 (82%), 1p35.3 (76%), and 14q13.1-q13.2 (67%), involving all histopathological grades. The analysis of these regions showed the inclusion of genes with functions such as regulation, maintenance of cell survival, reorganization of the cytoskeleton, cell signaling, and DNA repair, among others. However, overall, the profiles observed in meningiomas of this admixed population were very similar to the ones observed in Caucasian groups. An interesting finding was a recurrent gain of 8p22 observed only in grade I meningiomas, a region which includes DLC1, a suppressor candidate gene probably implicated in the developments or progression of meningiomas, usually found deleted, when related to CNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Amaral da Silveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências e Biologia Celular, ICB, UFPA, Rua Augusto Correa, 01, Belém, PA 66075-990, Brazil
- Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos e Citogenética, Seção de Meio Ambiente, Instituto Evandro Chagas, BR 316 Km 7, s/n Levilândia, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Wallax Augusto Silva Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências e Biologia Celular, ICB, UFPA, Rua Augusto Correa, 01, Belém, PA 66075-990, Brazil
- Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos e Citogenética, Seção de Meio Ambiente, Instituto Evandro Chagas, BR 316 Km 7, s/n Levilândia, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Carolina Koury Nassar Amorim
- Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos e Citogenética, Seção de Meio Ambiente, Instituto Evandro Chagas, BR 316 Km 7, s/n Levilândia, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - José Reginaldo Nascimento Brito
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oncologia e Ciências Médicas, NPO, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Rua dos Mundurucus 4487, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - André Salim Kayath
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Oncológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Rua dos Mundurucus 4487, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Fernanda do Espirito Santo Sagica
- Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos e Citogenética, Seção de Meio Ambiente, Instituto Evandro Chagas, BR 316 Km 7, s/n Levilândia, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
| | - Edivaldo Herculano Corrêa de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos e Citogenética, Seção de Meio Ambiente, Instituto Evandro Chagas, BR 316 Km 7, s/n Levilândia, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, ICEN, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Correa, 01, Belém, PA 66075-990, Brazil
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Joseph-Auguste J, Lin L, Demar M, Duffas O, Molinie V, Sulpicy C, Dorival MJ, Luxembourger O, Sabbah N. Epidemiologic, Clinical, Ultrasonographic, and Cytological Features of Thyroid Nodules in Predicting Malignancy Risk: A Retrospective Study of 442 French Afro-Caribbean Patients. Int J Endocrinol 2020; 2020:4039290. [PMID: 32318106 PMCID: PMC7150686 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4039290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate epidemiologic, clinical, cytological, and ultrasonographic features of thyroid nodules in a sample French Afro-Caribbean population to determine if the standard criteria for predicting malignancy risk are applicable to this specific ethnic population. Methods and Design. This retrospectively designed study consisted of 442 patients who had consulted with the Endocrinology Department in Martinique (French overseas department) between 2007 and 2011. Of the 442 patients, 641 ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspirations (US-FNA) were performed by two experienced endocrinologists, and 212 patients underwent surgery. The geographical situation, age, gender of the patient, clinical and ultrasonographic features, TSH level, and US-FNA results were considered and cross-referenced with their pathology results. RESULTS The overall malignancy rate on final histopathology was 9% (women only), 80% of which were papillary cancer, and 20% were follicular cancer. Occult micropapillary carcinoma represented 35% of the papillary cancer. There was no significant difference in age, nodule localization, number of nodules, or thyroid function test between benign and malignant nodules. Contrary to the literature, we found only 12% incidentaloma in our series, while more than half of the nodules were discovered on palpation or as a clinical symptom. Hypoechogenicity in solid pattern nodules and nodules between 2 and 3 cm in size revealed a high diagnostic value in detecting malignancy. The corresponding rate of malignancy on Bethesda system histopathologic examination was as follows: 0% in undiagnosed (I), 0% benign (II) (micropapillary), 5% (FLUS)/atypia (III), 9% follicular neoplasm (IV), 33% suspected malignancy (V), and no malignant cytology (VI). These results show a different Bethesda system predictive value for this French Afro-Caribbean population. CONCLUSION Studies evaluating ethnic cancer disparities among patients with thyroid cancer are limited and do not specifically focus on the French Afro-Caribbean population. Despite rare thyroid incidentaloma, 35% of the papillary cancer cases were micropapillary carcinoma, and the incidence and standardized mortality rate in Martinique are lower than in metropolitan France. The malignant risk distribution of thyroid FNA Bethesda classification in this sample population differs from the standard risk, and it is necessary to take that into account in the decision to operate by associating it with echographic malignancy criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Joseph-Auguste
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital Center, Louis Domergues, La Trinité, Martinique
| | - Lucien Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital Center, Louis Domergues, La Trinité, Martinique
| | - Magalie Demar
- EA3593, Amazon Ecosystems and Tropical Diseases, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Olivier Duffas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Center, Pierre Zobda Quitman, Fort-de-France, Martinique
| | - Vincent Molinie
- Department of Anatomopathology, University Hospital Center, Pierre Zobda Quitman, Fort-de-France, Martinique
| | | | | | - Olivier Luxembourger
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital Center, Louis Domergues, La Trinité, Martinique
| | - Nadia Sabbah
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital Center, Louis Domergues, La Trinité, Martinique
- EA3593, Amazon Ecosystems and Tropical Diseases, University of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Cayenne Hospital, Andre Rosemon, French Guiana
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21
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SMAILOVA D, OSPANOV E, GAZALIYEVA M, KAIDAROVA D, SHATKOVSKAYA O, ZAMANBEKOVA Z, AMRENOVA K, BELIKHINA T, ADYLKHANOV T, OMARBEKOV A, DAULETYAROVA M, PIVINA L, SEMENOVA Y. Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer in the Republic of Kazakhstan. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 48:2216-2223. [PMID: 31993390 PMCID: PMC6974858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence and mortality from prostate cancer in most native Asian populations remain low although a gradual increase is observed over the last years. METHODS The statistical analysis of official data on prostate cancer mortality and morbidity was performed for the whole country and for Pavlodar Region. RESULTS The increase in the incidence of prostate cancer among the population of Kazakhstan is observed, which may be attributed to the introduction of screening program based on serum PSA. Still, the crude incidence rates in Kazakhstan are below world indices. Over the last few years, the decreasing prostate cancer mortality is observed that might be influenced by early diagnosis. The age-standardized incidence rates show that the majority of prostate cancer cases occur in advanced ages (70 years and older). CONCLUSION More research is needed to determine the risk factors for prostate cancer, as well as ethnic and geographical trends for the population of Kazakhstan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariga SMAILOVA
- Department of Innovations in Science, Semey Medical University, Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Erlan OSPANOV
- Department of Neurology, Ophthalmology, and ENT, Semey Medical University, Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Meruert GAZALIYEVA
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology, and Microbiology, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Dilyara KAIDAROVA
- Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Oxana SHATKOVSKAYA
- Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Zhanar ZAMANBEKOVA
- Department of Endocrinology, Semey Medical University, Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Kuralay AMRENOVA
- Department of Personalized Medicine, Semey Medical University, Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | | | - Tasbolat ADYLKHANOV
- Department of Oncology, Semey Medical University, Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Ardak OMARBEKOV
- Department of Surgical Diseases ?2, Astana Medical University, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | | | - Lyudmila PIVINA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Semey Medical University, Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Yuliya SEMENOVA
- Department of Neurology, Ophthalmology, and ENT, Semey Medical University, Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan,Corresponding Author:
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Brominska B, Gabryel P, Jarmołowska-Jurczyszyn D, Janicka-Jedyńska M, Kluk A, Trojanowski M, Brajer-Luftmann B, Woliński K, Czepczyński R, Gut P, Bromiński G, Majewski P, Dyszkiewicz W, Ruchała M. Klotho expression and nodal involvement as predictive factors for large cell lung carcinoma. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:1010-1016. [PMID: 31360195 PMCID: PMC6657266 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2018.75889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Klotho has been recently described as a carcinogenesis suppressor. Large cell neuroendocrine lung carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare, highly malignant neoplasm. In the light of increasing incidence of neuroendocrine tumours, biomarkers predicting survival are needed. We consider that Klotho might be one. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analysed records of all patients diagnosed with LCNEC, atypical carcinoid and typical carcinoid operated on in our institution between 2007 and 2015. Initially, we found 134 cases. Forty-six specimens were unattainable and thus excluded from research. All patients diagnosed with LCNEC according to the WHO classification were included in the study. Immunohistochemical staining for Klotho was performed. We retrospectively reviewed patient charts and analysed multiple variables. RESULTS Positive staining for Klotho was present in 36 tissue specimens, while 12 patients were Klotho-negative. Survival length was significantly higher in Klotho-positive cases (p = 0.024), while advanced nodal status (N1 and N2) represented a marker of poor outcome (p = 0.011). In multivariate analysis, both Klotho presence (p = 0.015; HR = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.17-0.86) and nodal involvement (p = 0.007; HR = 3.04; 95% CI: 1.37-6.82) were independent prognostic factors. Tumour vessel invasion and visceral pleura infiltration were not associated with worse treatment results. Klotho presence predicted a favourable prognosis in these groups (p = 0.018; p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Klotho might be a positive factor for predicting survival in LCNEC and nodal involvement a negative one. Thus, these two markers may assist in the selection of subjects with unfavourable prognosis and to personalise therapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Brominska
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Gabryel
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | | | - Andrzej Kluk
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Maciej Trojanowski
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Prevention, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Brajer-Luftmann
- Department of Pulmonology, Allergology and Respiratory Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Kosma Woliński
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Rafał Czepczyński
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Gut
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Gabriel Bromiński
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Przemysław Majewski
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Dyszkiewicz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Ruchała
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Lu Z, Ding L, Ding H, Hao F, Pu Y, Wang Y, Chen S, Yang Y, Zhao X, Huang X, Zhang L, Wang Z, Hu Q, Ni Y. Tumor cell-derived TGF-β at tumor center independently predicts recurrence and poor survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2019; 48:696-704. [PMID: 31141218 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) exerts its versatile function (oncogenic or tumor suppressive role) during the carcinogenesis in tumor microenvironment-dependent manner. Considering the tumor heterogeneity, spatial and temporal distribution of TGF-β in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remained to be elucidated. METHODS Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections derived from 73 patients with OSCC were immunostained, revealing expression patterns of TGF-β, both at the regions of tumor center (TC) and invasive tumor front (ITF). RESULTS The TGF-β levels on tumor cells, fibroblast-like cells (FLCs), and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) were comparable and showed to be cell-type-independent manner. Although TC regions harbored less positive staining of TGF-β than ITF in tumor cells (TGF-βTumor cell ) (89.0% vs 98.3%; P = 0.037), FLCs (TGF-βFLC ) (86.3% vs 96.6%; P = 0.043), and TILs (TGF-βTIL ) (83.6% vs 94.8%; P = 0.044), respectively, TGF-β at TC regions, not at ITF, correlated to poor clinical outcomes. At TC regions, patients with high TGF-βTumor cell had high recurrence rate, and patients with high TGF-βTIL showed inferior worst pattern of invasion. Of note, high TGF-βTumor cell at TC predicted shorter overall survival time, recurrence-free survival, and disease-free survival in patients with OSCC, whereas high TGF-βTIL had no association with survival time. Cox regression analyses indicated that tumor cell-derived TGF-β at TC was an independent risk factor for survival outcome in patients with OSCC. CONCLUSIONS Tumor cell-derived TGF-β at TC regions, but not at ITF, could be a promising predictor for disease recurrence and poor prognosis of patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyi Lu
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Ding
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoyue Ding
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengyao Hao
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yumei Pu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujia Wang
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingxing Zhao
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingang Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhong Ni
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Qian M, Xu H, Perez-Andreu V, Roberts KG, Zhang H, Yang W, Zhang S, Zhao X, Smith C, Devidas M, Gastier-Foster JM, Raetz E, Larsen E, Burchard EG, Winick N, Bowman WP, Martin PL, Borowitz M, Wood B, Antillon-Klussmann F, Pui CH, Mullighan CG, Evans WE, Hunger SP, Relling MV, Loh ML, Yang JJ. Novel susceptibility variants at the ERG locus for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Hispanics. Blood 2019; 133:724-729. [PMID: 30510082 PMCID: PMC6376278 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-07-862946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in children. Characterized by high levels of Native American ancestry, Hispanics are disproportionally affected by this cancer with high incidence and inferior survival. However, the genetic basis for this disparity remains poorly understood because of a paucity of genome-wide investigation of ALL in Hispanics. Performing a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 940 Hispanic children with ALL and 681 ancestry-matched non-ALL controls, we identified a novel susceptibility locus in the ERG gene (rs2836365; P = 3.76 × 10-8; odds ratio [OR] = 1.56), with independent validation (P = .01; OR = 1.43). Imputation analyses pointed to a single causal variant driving the association signal at this locus overlapping with putative regulatory DNA elements. The effect size of the ERG risk variant rose with increasing Native American genetic ancestry. The ERG risk genotype was underrepresented in ALL with the ETV6-RUNX1 fusion (P < .0005) but enriched in the TCF3-PBX1 subtype (P < .05). Interestingly, ALL cases with germline ERG risk alleles were significantly less likely to have somatic ERG deletion (P < .05). Our results provide novel insights into genetic predisposition to ALL and its contribution to racial disparity in this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxiang Qian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
- Children's Hospital and
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Virginia Perez-Andreu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
- Division of Internal Medicine, Graduate Medical Education, MountainView Hospital, University of Nevada, Reno, NV
| | - Kathryn G Roberts
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjian Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Shouyue Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xujie Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Colton Smith
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Meenakshi Devidas
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Julie M Gastier-Foster
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
- Department of Pathology and
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Elizabeth Raetz
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Eric Larsen
- Maine Children's Cancer Program, Scarborough, ME
| | - Esteban G Burchard
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Naomi Winick
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | | | - Paul L Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | | | - Brent Wood
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Ching-Hon Pui
- Department of Oncology and
- Hematological Malignancies Program, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Charles G Mullighan
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
- Hematological Malignancies Program, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - William E Evans
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
- Hematological Malignancies Program, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Stephen P Hunger
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mary V Relling
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
- Hematological Malignancies Program, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Mignon L Loh
- Department of Pediatrics, Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, CA; and
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jun J Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
- Department of Oncology and
- Hematological Malignancies Program, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
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25
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Amaral NS, Resende V, Dos Santos JS, Lima LF, Moraes DC, Friedman E, DE Marco L, Bastos-Rodrigues L. Impact of Ethnicity on Somatic Mutation Rates of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. In Vivo 2019; 32:1527-1531. [PMID: 30348712 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Ethnicity has an effect on survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which may be reflected in the rate of somatic driver mutations. The Brazilian population represents au extensive interethnic admixture and little is known about the spectrum and rates of somatic driver mutations in Brazilian PDAC cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Direct sequencing of six genes in 23 PDAC cases was performed and the ancestry of patients was determined using a validated panel of ancestry-informative insertion/deletion DNA polymorphisms. RESULTS KRAS proto-oncogene (KRAS) was the most commonly mutated gene (60%). A novel putatively pathogenic mutation in phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) (c.2948T>A; p.M983K) was identified. Mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (4%), PIK3CA (4%), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) (4%) and TP53 (8%) were noted, in rates that are less frequent than those reported for other populations. Mutations of B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF) were not present. All individuals with high African ancestral component (allelic frequency, >0.45) exhibited KRAS mutations. CONCLUSION Our results highlight the importance of the effect of ethnicity on somatic mutations in Brazilian patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayra S Amaral
- Department of Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vivian Resende
- Department of Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Felipe Lima
- Department of Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Debora C Moraes
- Department of Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Eitan Friedman
- The Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Luiz DE Marco
- Department of Surgery, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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26
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Stable Isotope-Resolved Metabolomic Differences between Hormone-Responsive and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Breast Cancer 2018; 2018:2063540. [PMID: 30363973 PMCID: PMC6186330 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2063540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To conduct an exploratory study to identify mechanisms that differentiate Luminal A (BT474 and MCF-7) and triple-negative (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) breast cancer (BCa) cell lines to potentially provide novel therapeutic targets based on differences in energy utilization. Methods Cells were cultured in media containing either [U-13C]-glucose or [U-13C]-glutamine for 48 hours. Conditioned media and cellular extracts were analyzed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Results MCF-7 cells consumed the most glucose, producing the most lactate, demonstrating the greatest Warburg effect-associated energy utilization. BT474 cells had the highest tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) activity. The majority of energy utilization patterns in MCF-7 cells were more similar to MDA-MB-468 cells, while the patterns for BT474 cells were more similar to MDA-MB-231 cells. Compared to the Luminal A cell lines, TNBC cell lines consumed more glutamine and less glucose. BT474 and MDA-MB-468 cells produced high amounts of 13C-glycine from media [U-13C]-glucose which was integrated into glutathione, indicating de novo synthesis. Conclusions Stable isotopic resolved metabolomics using 13C substrates provided mechanistic information about energy utilization that was difficult to interpret using 1H data alone. Overall, cell lines that have different hormone receptor status have different energy utilization requirements, even if they are classified by the same clinical BCa subtype; and these differences offer clues about optimizing treatment strategies.
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27
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Ahmadi K, Soleimani A, Irani S, Kiani A, Ghanadi K, Noormohamadi Z, Sakinejad F. DNMT3B -579 G>T Promoter Polymorphism and the Risk of Gastric Cancer in the West of Iran. J Gastrointest Cancer 2018; 49:167-171. [PMID: 28220295 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-017-9928-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have suggested that modulation of DNMT3B function caused by single nucleotide polymorphisms of the DNMT3B promoter region may underlie the susceptibility to various cancers such as tumors of the digestive system. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of -579 G>T polymorphism in the promoter of the DNMT3B gene on risk of gastric cancer in a population from West Iran. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a case-control study in 100 gastric cancer patients and 112 cancer-free controls to assess the correlation between DNMT3B -579 G>T (rs1569686) polymorphism and the risk of gastric cancer. Detection of genotypes of DNMT3B G39179T polymorphism was analyzed by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the distribution of DNMT3B -579 G>T genotypes between the cases and controls. However, in the stratified analysis by clinicopathological characteristic types, we found that statistically, the risk susceptibility to gastric cancer was significantly associated with tumor grade II and GT/TT genotype of patients, compared to patients having GG genotype, (OR = 5.4737, 95% CI = 1.4746. 20.3184, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that the -579 T allele may increase the relative risk for the progression of clinicopathological characteristic of tumor grade of gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulsom Ahmadi
- Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Azam Soleimani
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Shiva Irani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Kourosh Ghanadi
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Zahra Noormohamadi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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28
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Zhang H, Li G, Zhu Z, Zheng Y, Wu Y, Zhang W, Gu N, Wang X, Song X. Serum bilirubin level predicts postoperative overall survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2018; 47:382-387. [PMID: 29430757 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant level of serum bilirubin, marker of hepatobiliary and hematological disorders, was associated with patient prognosis in several human malignancies. In this study, we aim to evaluate the predictive value of serum bilirubin for clinicopathologic characteristics and survival of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS This study retrospectively reviewed 129 patients with OSCC and 129 normal controls matched for age and sex. The association between levels of preoperative direct bilirubin (DBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), total bilirubin (TBIL), and clinical variables was analyzed. A proportional hazards regression model was used to find out the independent predictors of survival. RESULTS Significantly lower TBIL (P = .009) and IBIL (P < .001) were found in OSCC patients compared with normal controls. DBIL (P = .011) and lymph-node metastasis (P = .031) were found to be independent prognostic factors. Patients with higher DBIL (≥4.0 μmol/L) had longer overall survival than those with lower DBIL (P = .002). Patients with both lymph-node metastasis and lower DBIL showed the shortest overall survival (P = .001). CONCLUSIONS Lower DBIL was associated with a poorer prognosis and may be regarded as an independent prognostic marker for patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchuang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zaiou Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oral Special Consultation, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The First People's Hospital of Nantong, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaomeng Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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29
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Delhalle S, Bode SFN, Balling R, Ollert M, He FQ. A roadmap towards personalized immunology. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2018; 4:9. [PMID: 29423275 PMCID: PMC5802799 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-017-0045-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Big data generation and computational processing will enable medicine to evolve from a "one-size-fits-all" approach to precise patient stratification and treatment. Significant achievements using "Omics" data have been made especially in personalized oncology. However, immune cells relative to tumor cells show a much higher degree of complexity in heterogeneity, dynamics, memory-capability, plasticity and "social" interactions. There is still a long way ahead on translating our capability to identify potentially targetable personalized biomarkers into effective personalized therapy in immune-centralized diseases. Here, we discuss the recent advances and successful applications in "Omics" data utilization and network analysis on patients' samples of clinical trials and studies, as well as the major challenges and strategies towards personalized stratification and treatment for infectious or non-communicable inflammatory diseases such as autoimmune diseases or allergies. We provide a roadmap and highlight experimental, clinical, computational analysis, data management, ethical and regulatory issues to accelerate the implementation of personalized immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Delhalle
- 1Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 29, rue Henri Koch, 4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Sebastian F N Bode
- 1Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 29, rue Henri Koch, 4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,2Center for Pediatrics-Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine, and Neonatology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Mathildenstrasse 1, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rudi Balling
- 3Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Campus Belval, 6, Avenue du Swing, 4367 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Markus Ollert
- 1Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 29, rue Henri Koch, 4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,4Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Feng Q He
- 1Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 29, rue Henri Koch, 4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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30
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da Silva EM, Fernandes MR, de Carvalho DC, Leitao LPC, Cavalcante GC, Pereira EEB, Modesto AAC, Guerreiro JF, de Assumpção PP, Dos Santos SEB, Dos Santos NPC. Effect of genetic ancestry to the risk of susceptibility to gastric cancer in a mixed population of the Brazilian Amazon. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:646. [PMID: 29187240 PMCID: PMC5707813 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2963-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Global literature describes differences in the incidence of gastric cancer among populations. For instance, Europeans have lower incidence rates of gastric cancer in relation to Latin and Asian populations, particularly Korean and Japanese populations. However, only a few studies have been able to verify the occurrence of gastric cancer in admixed populations with high interethnic degree mix, such as the Brazilian Amazon region. Results We observed an increase in European ancestry in the control group compared to the case group (47% vs. 41%). Using increments of 10%, compared to categorical distribution of European ancestry in the sample, we found a difference in the contribution between cases and controls (p = 0.03). Multiple logistic regression was performed to determine the influence of European ancestry in susceptibility to gastric cancer in the sample. According to the adopted model, for each 10% increase in European ancestry, there is a 20% decrease chance of developing gastric cancer (P = 0.0121; OR = 0.81; 95% CI 0.54–0.83). Conclusion Overall, the results suggest that a greater contribution of European ancestry can be a protective factor for the development of gastric cancer in the studied Amazon population. It can help to establish protocols able to predict susceptibility to gastric cancer in admixed populations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-017-2963-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Moreno da Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil. .,Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil. .,Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Cidade Universitária Prof. José da Silveira Netto, Rua Augusto Corrêa, 01, BOX: 8615, Belém, PA, CEP 66.075-970, Brazil.
| | - Marianne Rodrigues Fernandes
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Darlen Cardoso de Carvalho
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pereira Colares Leitao
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Esdras Edgar Batista Pereira
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Antônio André Conde Modesto
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - João Farias Guerreiro
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Paulo Pimentel de Assumpção
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil.,Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Sidney Emanuel Batista Dos Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Ney Pereira Carneiro Dos Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
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31
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Zeng P, Wang T, Huang S. Cis-SNPs Set Testing and PrediXcan Analysis for Gene Expression Data using Linear Mixed Models. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15237. [PMID: 29127305 PMCID: PMC5681585 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15055-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the functional mechanism of SNPs identified in GWAS on complex diseases is currently a challenging task. The studies of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) have shown that regulatory variants play a crucial role in the function of associated SNPs. Detecting significant genes (called eGenes) in eQTL studies and analyzing the effect sizes of cis-SNPs can offer important implications on the genetic architecture of associated SNPs and interpretations of the molecular basis of diseases. We applied linear mixed models (LMM) to the gene expression level and constructed likelihood ratio tests (LRT) to test for eGene in the Geuvadis data. We identified about 11% genes as eGenes in the Geuvadis data and found some eGenes were enriched in approximately independent linkage disequilibrium (LD) blocks (e.g. MHC). We further performed PrediXcan analysis for seven diseases in the WTCCC data with weights estimated using LMM and identified 64, 5, 21 and 1 significant genes (p < 0.05 after Bonferroni correction) associated with T1D, CD, RA and T2D. We found most of the significant genes of T1D and RA were also located within the MHC region. Our results provide strong evidence that gene expression plays an intermediate role for the associated variants in GWAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zeng
- Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
- University of Michigan, Department of Biostatistics, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA.
| | - Ting Wang
- Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Shuiping Huang
- Xuzhou Medical University, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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Kosowska A, Gallego-Colon E, Garczorz W, Kłych-Ratuszny A, Aghdam MRF, Woz Niak M, Witek A, Wróblewska-Czech A, Cygal A, Wojnar J, Francuz T. Exenatide modulates tumor-endothelial cell interactions in human ovarian cancer cells. Endocr Connect 2017; 6:856-865. [PMID: 29042458 PMCID: PMC5682419 DOI: 10.1530/ec-17-0294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes and cancer are prevalent diseases whose incidence is increasing globally. Diabetic women have a moderate risk increase in ovarian cancer, suggested to be due to an interaction between these two disorders. Furthermore, patients manifesting both diseases have associated worse prognosis, reduced survival and shorter relapse-free survival. According to current recommendations, incretin drugs such as Exenatide, a synthetic analog of Exendin-4, and Liraglutide are used as therapy for the type 2 diabetes (T2D). We studied the effects of GLP-1 and Exendin-4 on migration, apoptosis and metalloproteinase production in two human ovarian cancer cells (SKOV-3 and CAOV-3). Exendin-4 inhibited migration and promoted apoptosis through caspase 3/7 activation. Exendin-4 also modulated the expression of key metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and their inhibitors (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2). Vascular endothelial cells, which contribute to the formation and progression of metastasis, were also analyzed. TNF-α-stimulated endothelial cells from iliac artery after Exendin-4 treatment showed reduced production of adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1). Additionally, incretin treatment inhibited activation of apoptosis in TNF-α-stimulated endothelial cells. In the same experiment, MMPs (MMP-1 and MMP-9), which are relevant for tumor development, were also reduced. Our study demonstrated that incretin drugs may reduce cancer cell proliferation and dissemination potential, hence limiting the risk of metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kosowska
- Department of BiochemistrySchool of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Enrique Gallego-Colon
- Department of BiochemistrySchool of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Wojciech Garczorz
- Department of BiochemistrySchool of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kłych-Ratuszny
- Department of BiochemistrySchool of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Mohammad Reza F Aghdam
- Department of BiochemistrySchool of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Michał Woz Niak
- Department of BiochemistrySchool of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Andrzej Witek
- Department of Gynaecology and ObstetricsSchool of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wróblewska-Czech
- Department of Gynaecology and ObstetricsSchool of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Cygal
- Department of Gynaecology and ObstetricsSchool of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jerzy Wojnar
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncological ChemotherapySchool of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Francuz
- Department of BiochemistrySchool of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Li L, Zheng H, Huang Y, Huang C, Zhang S, Tian J, Li P, Sood AK, Zhang W, Chen K. DNA methylation signatures and coagulation factors in the peripheral blood leucocytes of epithelial ovarian cancer. Carcinogenesis 2017. [PMID: 28637314 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors are increasingly recognized as a systemic disease that is manifested by changes in DNA, RNA, proteins and metabolites in the blood. Whereas many studies have reported gene mutation events in the circulation, few studies have focused on epigenetic DNA methylation markers. To identify DNA methylation biomarkers in peripheral blood for ovarian cancer, we performed a two-stage epigenome-wide association study. In the discovery stage, we measured genome wide DNA methylation for 485 000 CpG sites in peripheral blood in 24 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cases and 24 age-matched healthy controls. We selected 96 significantly differentially methylated CpG sites for validation using Illumina's Custom VeraCode methylation assay in 206 EOC cases and 205 controls and 46 CpG sites validated in the independent replication samples. A set of 6 of these 46 CpG sites was found by the receiver operating characteristic analysis to have a prediction accuracy of 77.3% for all EOC (95% confidence interval: 72.9-81.8%). Pathway analysis of the genes associated with the 46 CpG sites revealed an enrichment of immune system process genes, including LYST (cg16962115, FDR = 1.24E-04), CADM1 (cg21933078, FDR = 1.22E-02) and NFATC1 (cg06784563, FDR = 1.46E-02). Furthermore, DNA methylation status in peripheral blood was correlated with platelet parameters/coagulation factor levels. This study discovered a panel of epigenetic liquid biopsy markers closely associated with overall immunologic conditions and platelet parameters/coagulation systems of the patients for detection of all stages and subtypes of EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yubei Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Caiyun Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Anil K Sood
- Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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Hu W, Chen M, Ji J, Qin Y, Zhang F, Xu M, Wu W, Du G, Wu D, Han X, Jin L, Xia Y, Lu C, Wang X. Interaction between Y chromosome haplogroup O3 * and 4-n-octylphenol exposure reduces the susceptibility to spermatogenic impairment in Han Chinese. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 144:450-455. [PMID: 28667856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Certain genetic background (mainly Y chromosome haplogroups, Y-hg) may modify the susceptibility of certain environmental exposure to some diseases. Compared with respective main effects of genetic background or environmental exposure, interactions between them reflect more realistic combined effects on the susceptibility to a disease. To identify the interactions on spermatogenic impairment, we performed Y chromosome haplotyping and measurement of 9 urinary phenols concentrations in 774 infertile males and 520 healthy controls in a Han Chinese population, and likelihood ratio tests were used to examine the interactions between Y-hgs and phenols. Originally, we observed that Y-hg C and Y-hg F* might modify the susceptibility to male infertility with urinary 4-n-octylphenol (4-n-OP) level (Pinter = 0.005 and 0.019, respectively). Subsequently, based on our results, two panels were tested to identify the possible protective sub-branches of Y-hg F* to 4-n-OP exposure, and Y-hg O3* was uncovered to interact with 4-n-OP (Pinter = 0.019). In conclusion, while 4-n-OP shows an adverse effect on spermatogenesis, Y-hg O3* makes individuals more adaptive to such an effect for maintaining basic reproductive capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufeng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miaofei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guizhen Du
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiumei Han
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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35
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Chung CM, Lee CH, Chen MK, Tsai MH, Ko YC. Interaction Between Rare Variants in NOTCH1 and Betel Quid Chewing in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2017; 21:608-612. [PMID: 28910158 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2017.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Min Chung
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Lee
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Oral Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsui Tsai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Ko
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Environment-Omics-Diseases Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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36
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Chan CHT, Munusamy P, Loke SY, Koh GL, Wong ESY, Law HY, Yoon CS, Tan MH, Yap YS, Ang P, Lee ASG. Identification of Novel Breast Cancer Risk Loci. Cancer Res 2017; 77:5428-5437. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-0992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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37
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Evidence of selection on splicing-associated loci in human populations and relevance to disease loci mapping. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5980. [PMID: 28729732 PMCID: PMC5519721 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05744-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a whole-genome scan of genetic variants in splicing regulatory elements (SREs) and evaluated the extent to which natural selection has shaped extant patterns of variation in SREs. We investigated the degree of differentiation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SREs among human populations and applied long-range haplotype- and multilocus allelic differentiation-based methods to detect selection signatures. We describe an approach, sampling a large number of loci across the genome from functional classes and using the consensus from multiple tests, for identifying candidates for selection signals. SRE SNPs in various SNP functional classes show different patterns of population differentiation compared with their non-SRE counterparts. Intronic regions display a greater enrichment for extreme population differentiation among the potentially tissue-dependent transcript ratio quantitative trait loci (trQTLs) than SRE SNPs in general and includ outlier trQTLs for cross-population composite likelihood ratio, suggesting that incorporation of context annotation for regulatory variation may lead to improved detection of signature of selection on these loci. The proportion of extremely rare SNPs disrupting SREs is significantly higher in European than in African samples. The approach developed here will be broadly useful for studies of function and disease-associated variation in the human genome.
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Stewart DA, Winnike JH, McRitchie SL, Clark RF, Pathmasiri WW, Sumner SJ. Metabolomics Analysis of Hormone-Responsive and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Responses to Paclitaxel Identify Key Metabolic Differences. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:3225-40. [PMID: 27447733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To date, no targeted therapies are available to treat triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), while other breast cancer subtypes are responsive to current therapeutic treatment. Metabolomics was conducted to reveal differences in two hormone receptor-negative TNBC cell lines and two hormone receptor-positive Luminal A cell lines. Studies were conducted in the presence and absence of paclitaxel (Taxol). TNBC cell lines had higher levels of amino acids, branched-chain amino acids, nucleotides, and nucleotide sugars and lower levels of proliferation-related metabolites like choline compared with Luminal A cell lines. In the presence of paclitaxel, each cell line showed unique metabolic responses, with some similarities by type. For example, in the Luminal A cell lines, levels of lactate and creatine decreased while certain choline metabolites and myo-inositol increased with paclitaxel. In the TNBC cell lines levels of glutamine, glutamate, and glutathione increased, whereas lysine, proline, and valine decreased in the presence of drug. Profiling secreted inflammatory cytokines in the conditioned media demonstrated a greater response to paclitaxel in the hormone-positive Luminal cells compared with a secretion profile that suggested greater drug resistance in the TNBC cells. The most significant differences distinguishing the cell types based on pathway enrichment analyses were related to amino acid, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism pathways, whereas several biological pathways were differentiated between the cell lines following treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delisha A Stewart
- NIH Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, RTI International , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Jason H Winnike
- David H. Murdock Research Institute , Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Susan L McRitchie
- NIH Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, RTI International , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Robert F Clark
- NIH Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, RTI International , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Wimal W Pathmasiri
- NIH Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, RTI International , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Susan J Sumner
- NIH Eastern Regional Comprehensive Metabolomics Resource Core, RTI International , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
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Koru-Sengul T, Santander AM, Miao F, Sanchez LG, Jorda M, Glück S, Ince TA, Nadji M, Chen Z, Penichet ML, Cleary MP, Torroella-Kouri M. Breast cancers from black women exhibit higher numbers of immunosuppressive macrophages with proliferative activity and of crown-like structures associated with lower survival compared to non-black Latinas and Caucasians. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2016; 158:113-126. [PMID: 27283835 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-016-3847-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Racial disparities in breast cancer incidence and outcome are a major health care challenge. Patients in the black race group more likely present with an early onset and more aggressive disease. The occurrence of high numbers of macrophages is associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in solid malignancies. Macrophages are observed in adipose tissues surrounding dead adipocytes in "crown-like structures" (CLS). Here we investigated whether the numbers of CD163+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and/or CD163+ CLS are associated with patient survival and whether there are significant differences across blacks, non-black Latinas, and Caucasians. Our findings confirm that race is statistically significantly associated with the numbers of TAMs and CLS in breast cancer, and demonstrate that the highest numbers of CD163+ TAM/CLS are found in black breast cancer patients. Our results reveal that the density of CD206 (M2) macrophages is a significant predictor of progression-free survival univariately and is also significant after adjusting for race and for HER2, respectively. We examined whether the high numbers of TAMs detected in tumors from black women were associated with macrophage proliferation, using the Ki-67 nuclear proliferation marker. Our results reveal that TAMs actively divide when in contact with tumor cells. There is a higher ratio of proliferating macrophages in tumors from black patients. These findings suggest that interventions based on targeting TAMs may not only benefit breast cancer patients in general but also serve as an approach to remedy racial disparity resulting in better prognosis patients from minority racial groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulay Koru-Sengul
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ana M Santander
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue Rosenstiel Medical School Building Suite 3123A, P.O. Box 016960 (R-138), Miami, FL, 33101, USA
| | - Feng Miao
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Lidia G Sanchez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue Rosenstiel Medical School Building Suite 3123A, P.O. Box 016960 (R-138), Miami, FL, 33101, USA
| | - Merce Jorda
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Stefan Glück
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ, USA
| | - Tan A Ince
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mehrad Nadji
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Zhibin Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue Rosenstiel Medical School Building Suite 3123A, P.O. Box 016960 (R-138), Miami, FL, 33101, USA.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Manuel L Penichet
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA AIDS Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,The Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Margot P Cleary
- Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Marta Torroella-Kouri
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue Rosenstiel Medical School Building Suite 3123A, P.O. Box 016960 (R-138), Miami, FL, 33101, USA. .,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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40
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Zhang Y, Cai Q, Shu XO, Gao YT, Li C, Zheng W, Long J. Whole-Exome Sequencing Identifies Novel Somatic Mutations in Chinese Breast Cancer Patients. J Mol Genet Med 2015; 9. [PMID: 26870154 PMCID: PMC4747093 DOI: 10.4172/1747-0862.1000183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Most breast cancer genomes harbor complex mutational landscapes. Somatic alterations have been predominantly discovered in breast cancer patients of European ancestry; however, little is known about somatic aberration in patients of other ethnic groups including Asians. In the present study, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was conducted in DNA extracted from tumor and matched adjacent normal tissue samples from eleven early onset breast cancer patients who were included in the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study. We discovered 159 somatic missense and ten nonsense mutations distributed among 167 genes. The most frequent 50 somatic mutations identified by WES were selected for validation using Sequenom MassARRAY system in the eleven breast cancer patients and an additional 433 tumor and 921 normal tissue/blood samples from the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study. Among these 50 mutations selected for validation, 32 were technically validated. Within the validated mutations, somatic mutations in the TRPM6, HYDIN, ENTHD1, and NDUFB10 genes were found in two or more tumor samples in the replication stage. Mutations in the ADRA1B, CBFB, KIAA2022, and RBM25 genes were observed once in the replication stage. To summarize, this study identified some novel somatic mutations for breast cancer. Future studies will need to be conducted to determine the function of these mutations/genes in the breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yu-Tang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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Li G, Da M, Zhang W, Wu H, Ye J, Chen J, Ma L, Gu N, Wu Y, Song X. Alteration of serum lipid profile and its prognostic value in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2015; 45:167-72. [PMID: 26189546 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several serum lipid components have been implicated in the development of cancer. However, the prognostic significance of serum lipid components in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is unknown. Here, we investigated the predictive value of serum lipid profile at diagnosis and in the overall survival of the patients. METHODS The study population consists of 136 pathologically confirmed head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cases diagnosed between years 2009 and 2014 at a tertiary medical center. Levels of preoperative serum lipid component's total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein A, apolipoprotein B, and lipoprotein (a) were compared between patients and normal controls matched for age and gender. Serum lipid profiles and their association with clinical parameters were analyzed. The effects of the serum lipid components on survival were examined using the proportional hazards regression model to estimate hazard ratio. RESULTS Significant lower levels of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein A, and apolipoprotein B were found in patients with oral cancer (P < 0.0001). However, a significantly higher level of lipoprotein (a) was found in the cancer group (P < 0.0001). Patients with higher lipoprotein (a) had significantly shorter overall survival than those with lower lipoprotein (a) (P = 0.0042). Multivariate analysis showed that both higher lipoprotein (a) and lymph node metastasis are independent prognostic factors in the patient population (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION A higher lipoprotein (a) was associated with poorer prognosis and might be a novel marker in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mingjie Da
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral Special Consultation, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Heming Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinhai Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Izumchenko E, Sun K, Jones S, Brait M, Agrawal N, Koch W, McCord CL, Riley DR, Angiuoli SV, Velculescu VE, Jiang WW, Sidransky D. Notch1 mutations are drivers of oral tumorigenesis. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2015; 8:277-286. [PMID: 25406187 PMCID: PMC4383685 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-14-0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of NOTCH1 signaling was recently discovered in head and neck cancer. This study aims to evaluate NOTCH1 alterations in the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and compare the occurrence of these mutations in Chinese and Caucasian populations. We used a high-throughput PCR-based enrichment technology and next-generation sequencing (NGS) to sequence NOTCH1 in 144 samples collected in China. Forty-nine samples were normal oral mucosa from patients undergoing oral surgery, 45 were oral leukoplakia biopsies, and 50 were chemoradiation-naïve OSCC samples with 22 paired-normal tissues from the adjacent unaffected areas. NOTCH1 mutations were found in 54% of primary OSCC and 60% of premalignant lesions. Importantly, almost 60% of patients with leukoplakia with mutated NOTCH1 carried mutations that were also identified in OSCC, indicating an important role of these clonal events in the progression of early neoplasms. We then compared all known NOTCH1 mutations identified in Chinese patients with OSCC with those reported in Caucasians to date. Although we found obvious overlaps in critical regulatory NOTCH1 domains alterations and identified specific mutations shared by both groups, possible gain-of-function mutations were predominantly seen in Chinese population. Our findings demonstrate that premalignant lesions display NOTCH1 mutations at an early stage and are thus bona fide drivers of OSCC progression. Moreover, our results reveal that NOTCH1 promotes distinct tumorigenic mechanisms in patients from different ethnical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Izumchenko
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Sian Jones
- Personal Genome Diagnostics, Inc. 2809 Boston St, Suite 503, Baltimore, MD
| | - Mariana Brait
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nishant Agrawal
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Wayne Koch
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - David R. Riley
- Personal Genome Diagnostics, Inc. 2809 Boston St, Suite 503, Baltimore, MD
| | - Samuel V. Angiuoli
- Personal Genome Diagnostics, Inc. 2809 Boston St, Suite 503, Baltimore, MD
| | - Victor E. Velculescu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Wei-Wen Jiang
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Alharbi KK. Clinical Efficacy and Possible Applications of Genomics in Lung Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:1693-8. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.5.1693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Genome-wide association study identifies new susceptibility loci for epithelial ovarian cancer in Han Chinese women. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4682. [PMID: 25134534 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynaecological malignancies worldwide. Here we perform a three-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) in Han Chinese women to identify risk genetic variants for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We scan 900,015 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 1,057 EOC cases and 1,191 controls in stage I, and replicate 41 SNPs (P(meta)<10(-4)) in 960 EOC cases and 1,799 controls (stage II), and an additional 492 EOC cases and 1,004 controls (stage III). Finally, we identify two EOC susceptibility loci at 9q22.33 (rs1413299 in COL15A1, P(meta) = 1.88 × 10(-8)) and 10p11.21 (rs1192691 near ANKRD30A, P(meta) = 2.62 × 10(-8)), and two consistently replicated loci at 12q14.2 (rs11175194 in SRGAP1, P(meta) = 1.14 × 10(-7)) and 9q34.2 (rs633862 near ABO and SURF6, P(meta) = 8.57 × 10(-7)) (P<0.05 in all three stages). These results may advance our understanding of genetic susceptibility to EOC.
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Moo-Young TA, Panergo J, Wang CE, Patel S, Duh HY, Winchester DJ, Prinz RA, Fogelfeld L. Variations in clinicopathologic characteristics of thyroid cancer among racial ethnic groups: analysis of a large public city hospital and the SEER database. Am J Surg 2014; 206:632-40. [PMID: 24157347 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2013.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinicopathologic variables influence the treatment and prognosis of patients with thyroid cancer. METHODS A retrospective analysis of public hospital thyroid cancer database and the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results 17 database was conducted. Demographic, clinical, and pathologic data were compared across ethnic groups. RESULTS Within the public hospital database, Hispanics versus non-Hispanic whites were younger and had more lymph node involvement (34% vs 17%, P < .001). Median tumor size was not statistically different across ethnic groups. Similar findings were demonstrated within the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. African Americans aged <45 years had the largest tumors but were least likely to have lymph node involvement. Asians had the most stage IV disease despite having no differences in tumor size, lymph node involvement, and capsular invasion. CONCLUSIONS There is considerable variability in the clinical presentation of thyroid cancer across ethnic groups. Such disparities persist within an equal-access health care system. These findings suggest that factors beyond socioeconomics may contribute to such differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tricia A Moo-Young
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2650 Ridge Avenue, Evanston, IL 60025, USA.
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Song X, Xia R, Li J, Long Z, Ren H, Chen W, Mao L. Common and complex Notch1 mutations in Chinese oral squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 20:701-10. [PMID: 24277457 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-1050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine Notch1 mutation status in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) from Chinese population and its potential clinical implications. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Surgically resected OSCC tissues from 51 Chinese patients and 13 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines were sequenced for mutations in the entire coding regions of Notch1 and TP53 using a next-generation sequencing platform. Sequences of the genes were also determined in corresponding normal tissues from 46 of the 51 patients. Mutations and their association with clinical parameters were analyzed. RESULTS Six mutations in Notch1 and 11 mutations in TP53 coding regions were detected in 4 (31%) and 10 (77%) of the 13 HNSCC cell lines, respectively. Forty-two somatic Notch1 mutations, including 7 nonsense mutations and 11 mutations within the domain commonly harboring potential activating mutations in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, were detected in 22 (43%) of the 51 Chinese OSCC tumors. In comparison, 25 somatic TP53 mutations were observed in 21 (41%) of the 51 tumors. Patients whose tumors carried Notch1 mutation had significantly shorter overall and disease-free survivals (P = 0.004 and P = 0.001, respectively, by log-rank test) compared with those whose tumors carried no Notch1 mutation. Multivariate analysis showed that both Notch1 mutation and lymph node metastasis are independent prognostic factors in the patient population (P = 0.001). All 15 patients with both Notch1 mutation and nodal metastasis recurred or metastasized within 2 years after surgery. CONCLUSIONS Notch1 mutation is common in Chinese OSCC and associates with clinical outcomes. The complexity of the mutation spectrum warrants further investigation of Notch1 in Chinese patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Song
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore; and Personal Diagnostix Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland
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Parise CA, Caggiano V. Disparities in race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status: risk of mortality of breast cancer patients in the California Cancer Registry, 2000-2010. BMC Cancer 2013; 13:449. [PMID: 24083624 PMCID: PMC3850736 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Racial disparities in breast cancer survival have been well documented. This study examines the association of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) on breast cancer-specific mortality in a large population of women with invasive breast cancer. METHODS We identified 179,143 cases of stages 1-3 first primary female invasive breast cancer from the California Cancer Registry from January, 2000 through December, 2010. Cox regression, adjusted for age, year of diagnosis, grade, and ER/PR/HER2 subtype, was used to assess the association of race/ethnicity on breast cancer-specific mortality within strata of stage and SES. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals were reported. RESULTS Stage 1: There was no increased risk of mortality for any race/ethnicity when compared with whites within all SES strata. Stage 2: Hispanics (HR = 0.85; 0.75, 0.97) in the lowest SES category had a reduced risk of mortality.. Blacks had the same risk of mortality as whites in the lowest SES category but an increased risk of mortality in the intermediate (HR = 1.66; 1.34, 2.06) and highest (HR = 1.41; 1.15, 1.73) SES categories. Stage 3: Hispanics (HR = 0.74; 0.64, 0.85) and APIs (HR = 0.64; 0.50, 0.82) in the lowest SES category had a reduced risk while blacks had similar mortality as whites. Blacks had an increased risk of mortality in the intermediate (HR = 1.52; 1.20, 1.92) and highest (HR = 1.53; 1.22, 1.92) SES categories. CONCLUSIONS When analysis of breast cancer-specific mortality is adjusted for age and year of diagnosis, ER/PR/HER2 subtype, and tumor grade and cases compared within stage and SES strata, much of the black/white disparity disappears. SES plays a prominent role in breast cancer-specific mortality but it does not fully explain the racial/ethnic disparities and continued research in genetic, societal, and lifestyle factors is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Parise
- Sutter Institute for Medical Research, 2801 Capitol Ave Suite 400, Sacramento, CA 95816, USA.
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