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Gong C, Chang L, Huang R, Sun X, Liu Y, Wu S, Wang L, Xu B, Wang L. LIM kinase 2 activates cardiac fibroblasts and exacerbates postinfarction left ventricular remodeling via crosstalk between the canonical and non-canonical Wnt pathways. Pharmacol Res 2024:107347. [PMID: 39153710 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic heart failure rates rise despite decreased acute myocardial infarction (MI) mortality. Excessive myofibroblast activation post-MI leads to adverse remodeling. LIM kinases (LIMK1 and LIMK2) regulate cytoskeleton homeostasis and are pro-fibrotic markers in atrial fibrillation. However, their roles and mechanisms in postinfarction fibrosis and ventricular remodeling remain unclear. This study found that the expression of LIMKs elevated in the border zone (BZ) in mice MI models. LIMK1/2 double knockout (DKO) restrained pathological remodeling and reduced mortality by suppressing myofibroblast activation. By using adeno-associated virus (AAV) with a periostin promoter to overexpress LIMK1 or LIMK2, this study found that myofibroblast-specific LIMK2 overexpression diminished these effects in DKO mice, while LIMK1 did not. LIMK2 kinase activity was critical for myofibroblast proliferation by using AAV overexpressing mutant LIMK2 lack of kinase activity. According to phosphoproteome analysis, functional rescue experiments, co-immunoprecipitation, and protein-protein docking, LIMK2 led to the phosphorylation of β-catenin at Ser 552. LIMK2 nuclear translocation also played a role in myofibroblast proliferation after MI with the help of AAV overexpressing mutant LIMK2 without nuclear location signal. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing identified that LIMK2 bound to Lrp6 promoter region in TGF-β treated cardiac fibroblasts, positively regulating Wnt signaling via Wnt receptor internalization. This study demonstrated that LIMK2 promoted myofibroblast proliferation and adverse cardiac remodeling after MI, by enhancing phospho-β-catenin (Ser552) and Lrp6 signaling. This suggested that LIMK2 could be a target for the treatment of postinfarction injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyi Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China; Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Lei Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China; Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yihai Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shaojun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Lintao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Biao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China; Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China; Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China.
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Li B, Wang K, Cheng W, Fang B, Li YH, Yang SM, Zhang MH, Wang YH, Wang K. Recent advances of PIWI-interacting RNA in cardiovascular diseases. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1770. [PMID: 39083321 PMCID: PMC11290350 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and human diseases has been a hot topic of research, but the study of ncRNAs in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is still in its infancy. PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA), a small ncRNA that binds to the PIWI protein to maintain genome stability by silencing transposons, was widely studied in germ lines and stem cells. In recent years, piRNA has been shown to be involved in key events of multiple CVDs through various epigenetic modifications, revealing the potential value of piRNA as a new biomarker or therapeutic target. CONCLUSION This review explores origin, degradation, function, mechanism and important role of piRNA in CVDs, and the promising therapeutic targets of piRNA were summarized. This review provide a new strategy for the treatment of CVDs and lay a theoretical foundation for future research. KEY POINTS piRNA can be used as a potential therapeutic target and biomaker in CVDs. piRNA influences apoptosis, inflammation and angiogenesis by regulating epigenetic modificaions. Critical knowledge gaps remain in the unifying piRNA nomenclature and PIWI-independent function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Fetal Medicine of National Health Commission of ChinaShandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital affiliated to Qingdao UniversityJinanShandongChina
- Institute for Translational MedicineThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute for Translational MedicineThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryBeijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children's HealthBeijingChina
| | - Bo Fang
- Institute for Translational MedicineThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Ying Hui Li
- Institute for Translational MedicineThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Su Min Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Mei Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Fetal Medicine of National Health Commission of ChinaShandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital affiliated to Qingdao UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Yun Hong Wang
- Hypertension CenterBeijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Kun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Maternal & Fetal Medicine of National Health Commission of ChinaShandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital affiliated to Qingdao UniversityJinanShandongChina
- Institute for Translational MedicineThe Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandongChina
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3
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Silva ED, Pereira-Sousa D, Ribeiro-Costa F, Cerqueira R, Enguita FJ, Gomes RN, Dias-Ferreira J, Pereira C, Castanheira A, Pinto-do-Ó P, Leite-Moreira AF, Nascimento DS. Pericardial Fluid Accumulates microRNAs That Regulate Heart Fibrosis after Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8329. [PMID: 39125899 PMCID: PMC11313565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pericardial fluid (PF) has been suggested as a reservoir of molecular targets that can be modulated for efficient repair after myocardial infarction (MI). Here, we set out to address the content of this biofluid after MI, namely in terms of microRNAs (miRs) that are important modulators of the cardiac pathological response. PF was collected during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) from two MI cohorts, patients with non-ST-segment elevation MI (NSTEMI) and patients with ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI), and a control group composed of patients with stable angina and without previous history of MI. The PF miR content was analyzed by small RNA sequencing, and its biological effect was assessed on human cardiac fibroblasts. PF accumulates fibrotic and inflammatory molecules in STEMI patients, namely causing the soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST-2), which inversely correlates with the left ventricle ejection fraction. Although the PF of the three patient groups induce similar levels of fibroblast-to-myofibroblast activation in vitro, RNA sequencing revealed that PF from STEMI patients is particularly enriched not only in pro-fibrotic miRs but also anti-fibrotic miRs. Among those, miR-22-3p was herein found to inhibit TGF-β-induced human cardiac fibroblast activation in vitro. PF constitutes an attractive source for screening diagnostic/prognostic miRs and for unveiling novel therapeutic targets in cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa D. Silva
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniel Pereira-Sousa
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Centre (ICRC), St. Anne’s Hospital, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Francisco Ribeiro-Costa
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Cerqueira
- Cardiovascular R&D Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.)
| | - Francisco J. Enguita
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Rita N. Gomes
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Dias-Ferreira
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cassilda Pereira
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO)/Health Research Network (RISE-Health), ESS, Polytechnic of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Health (ESS), Polytechnic of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Castanheira
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INL—International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Perpétua Pinto-do-Ó
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adelino F. Leite-Moreira
- Cardiovascular R&D Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; (R.C.)
| | - Diana S. Nascimento
- i3S—Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (E.D.S.); (F.R.-C.); (R.N.G.); (J.D.-F.); (C.P.); (A.C.); (P.P.-d.-Ó.)
- ICBAS—Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- INEB—Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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Huang Y, Liu T, Huang Q, Wang Y. From Organ-on-a-Chip to Human-on-a-Chip: A Review of Research Progress and Latest Applications. ACS Sens 2024; 9:3466-3488. [PMID: 38991227 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Organ-on-a-Chip (OOC) technology, which emulates the physiological environment and functionality of human organs on a microfluidic chip, is undergoing significant technological advancements. Despite its rapid evolution, this technology is also facing notable challenges, such as the lack of vascularization, the development of multiorgan-on-a-chip systems, and the replication of the human body on a single chip. The progress of microfluidic technology has played a crucial role in steering OOC toward mimicking the human microenvironment, including vascularization, microenvironment replication, and the development of multiorgan microphysiological systems. Additionally, advancements in detection, analysis, and organoid imaging technologies have enhanced the functionality and efficiency of Organs-on-Chips (OOCs). In particular, the integration of artificial intelligence has revolutionized organoid imaging, significantly enhancing high-throughput drug screening. Consequently, this review covers the research progress of OOC toward Human-on-a-chip, the integration of sensors in OOCs, and the latest applications of organoid imaging technologies in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisha Huang
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan 610212, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Qi Huang
- School of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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5
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Qiao X, Wang H, Meng H, Xi Y, Feng DD, Li B, Yan X, Zhang M, Huang Q. Multi-modality deep learning-based [ 68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET polar map generation: potential value in detecting reactive fibrosis after myocardial infarction. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024:10.1007/s00259-024-06850-3. [PMID: 39060373 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-024-06850-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Generating polar map (PM) from [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET images is challenging and inaccurate using existing automatic methods that rely on the myocardial anatomical integrity in PET images. This study aims to enhance the accuracy of PM generated from [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET images and explore the potential value of PM in detecting reactive fibrosis after myocardial infarction and assessing its relationship with cardiac function. METHODS We proposed a deep-learning-based method that fuses multi-modality images to compensate for the cardiac structural information lost in [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET images and accurately generated PMs. We collected 133 pairs of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/MR images from 87 ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction patients for training and evaluation purposes. Twenty-six patients were selected for longitudinal analysis, further examining the clinical value of PM-related imaging parameters. RESULTS The quantitative comparison demonstrated that our method was comparable with the manual method and surpassed the commercially available software-PMOD in terms of accuracy in generating PMs for [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET images. Clinical analysis revealed the effectiveness of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET PM in detecting reactive myocardial fibrosis. Significant correlations were demonstrated between the difference of baseline PM FAPI% and PM LGE%, and the change in cardiac function parameters (all p < 0.001), including LVESV% (r = 0.697), LVEDV% (r = 0.621) and LVEF% (r = -0.607). CONCLUSION The [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET PMs generated by our method are comparable to manually generated and sufficient for clinical use. The PMs generated by our method have potential value in detecting reactive fibrosis after myocardial infarction and were associated with cardiac function, suggesting the possibility of enhancing clinical diagnostic practices. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04723953). Registered 26 January 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Qiao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanzhong Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongping Meng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Xi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - David Dagan Feng
- School of Computer Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Molecular Imaging of Precision Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Qiu Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Kiani M, Jokar S, Hassanzadeh L, Behnammanesh H, Bavi O, Beiki D, Assadi M. Recent Clinical Implications of FAPI: Imaging and Therapy. Clin Nucl Med 2024:00003072-990000000-01220. [PMID: 39025634 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000005348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a biomarker that is selectively overexpressed on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in various types of tumoral tissues and some nonmalignant diseases, including fibrosis, arthritis, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases. FAP plays a critical role in tumor microenvironment through facilitating proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, immunosuppression, and drug resistance. Recent studies reveal that FAP might be regarded as a promising target for cancer diagnosis and treatment. FAP-targeted imaging modalities, especially PET, have shown high sensitivity and specificity in detecting FAP-expressing tumors. FAP-targeted imaging can potentially enhance tumor detection, staging, and monitoring of treatment response, and facilitate the development of personalized treatment strategies. This study provides a comprehensive view of FAP and its function in the pathophysiology of cancer and nonmalignant diseases. It also will discuss the characteristics of radiolabeled FAP inhibitors, particularly those based on small molecules, their recent clinical implications in imaging and therapy, and the associated clinical challenges with them. In addition, we present the results of imaging and biodistribution radiotracer 68Ga-FAPI-46 in patients with nonmalignant diseases, including interstitial lung disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, and myocardial infarction, who were referred to our department. Our results show that cardiac FAP-targeted imaging can provide a novel potential biomarker for managing left ventricle remodeling. Moreover, this study has been organized and presented in a manner that offers a comprehensive overview of the current status and prospects of FAPI inhibitors in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Kiani
- From the Department of Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Safura Jokar
- From the Department of Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Hassanzadeh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical & Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Omid Bavi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Davood Beiki
- Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Assadi
- The Persian Gulf Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Department of Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy, Bushehr Medical University Hospital, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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7
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Liu Z, Bian X, Li L, Liu L, Feng C, Wang Y, Ni J, Li S, Lu D, Li Y, Ma C, Yu T, Xiao X, Xue N, Wang Y, Zhang C, Ma X, Gao X, Fan X, Liu X, Fan G. SENP1-Mediated HSP90ab1 DeSUMOylation in Cardiomyocytes Prevents Myocardial Fibrosis by Paracrine Signaling. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2400741. [PMID: 38992961 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) triggers a poor ventricular remodeling response, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the authors show that sentrin-specific protease 1 (SENP1) is downregulated in post-MI mice and in patients with severe heart failure. By generating cardiomyocyte-specific SENP1 knockout and overexpression mice to assess cardiac function and ventricular remodeling responses under physiological and pathological conditions. Increased cardiac fibrosis in the cardiomyocyte-specific SENP1 deletion mice, associated with increased fibronectin (Fn) expression and secretion in cardiomyocytes, promotes fibroblast activation in response to myocardial injury. Mechanistically, SENP1 deletion in mouse cardiomyocytes increases heat shock protein 90 alpha family class B member 1 (HSP90ab1) SUMOylation with (STAT3) activation and Fn secretion after ventricular remodeling initiated. Overexpression of SENP1 or mutation of the HSP90ab1 Lys72 ameliorates adverse ventricular remodeling and dysfunction after MI. Taken together, this study identifies SENP1 as a positive regulator of cardiac repair and a potential drug target for the treatment of MI. Inhibition of HSP90ab1 SUMOylation stabilizes STAT3 to inhibit the adverse ventricular remodeling response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Liu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xiyun Bian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development of Preterm Infants, Tianjin fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
- Central Laboratory, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Li Liu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, 300051, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development of Preterm Infants, Tianjin fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
- Central Laboratory, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Jingyu Ni
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Sheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Dading Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development of Preterm Infants, Tianjin fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
- Central Laboratory, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Yanxia Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development of Preterm Infants, Tianjin fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
- Central Laboratory, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Chuanrui Ma
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Tian Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development of Preterm Infants, Tianjin fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
- Central Laboratory, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Xiaolin Xiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development of Preterm Infants, Tianjin fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
- Central Laboratory, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Na Xue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development of Preterm Infants, Tianjin fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
- Central Laboratory, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development of Preterm Infants, Tianjin fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
- Central Laboratory, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development of Preterm Infants, Tianjin fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
- Central Laboratory, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Xiaofang Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development of Preterm Infants, Tianjin fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
- Central Laboratory, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xiaohui Fan
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314100, China
| | - Xiaozhi Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Epigenetics for Organ Development of Preterm Infants, Tianjin fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
- Central Laboratory, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300450, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
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8
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Jiang X, Wang W, Kang H. EPHB2 Knockdown Mitigated Myocardial Infarction by Inhibiting MAPK Signaling. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2300517. [PMID: 38955672 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common type of cardiovascular disease. The incidence of ventricular remodeling dysplasia and heart failure increases significantly after MI. The objective of this study is to investigate whether erythropoietin hepatocellular receptor B2 (EPHB2) can regulate myocardial injury after MI and explore its regulatory pathways. EPHB2 is significantly overexpressed in the heart tissues of MI mice. The downregulation of EPHB2 alleviates the cardiac function damage after MI. Knockdown EPHB2 alleviates MI-induced myocardial tissue inflammation and apoptosis, and myocardial fibrosis in mice. EPHB2 knockdown significantly inhibits the activation of mitogen activated kinase-like protein (MAPK) pathway in MI mice. Moreover, EPHB2 overexpression significantly promotes the phosphorylation of MAPK pathway-related protein, which can be reversed by MAPK-IN-1 (an MAPK inhibitor) treatment. In conclusion, silencing EPHB2 can mitigate MI-induced myocardial injury by inhibiting MAPK signaling in mice, suggesting that targeting EPHB2 can be a promising therapeutic target for MI-induced myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Jiang
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Yantai Fushan People's Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 265500, P. R. China
| | - Wenhua Wang
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Yantai Fushan People's Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 265500, P. R. China
| | - Haofei Kang
- The First Ward of Cardiovascular Medicine, YanTai YanTaiShan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, P. R. China
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9
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Yang K, Zhao Y, Hu J, Gao R, Shi J, Wei X, Chen J, Hu K, Sun A, Ge J. ALKBH5 induces fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transformation during hypoxia to protect against cardiac rupture after myocardial infarction. J Adv Res 2024; 61:193-209. [PMID: 37689242 PMCID: PMC11258655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation produces a marked effect on cardiovascular diseases. The m6A demethylase AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5), as an m6A "eraser", is responsible for decreased m6A modification. However, its role in cardiac fibroblasts during the post-myocardial infarction (MI) healing process remains elusive. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of ALKBH5 in cardiac fibroblasts during infarct repair. METHODS MI was mimicked by permanent left anterior descending artery ligation in global ALKBH5-knockout, ALKBH5-knockin, and fibroblast-specific ALKBH5-knockout mice to study the function of ALKBH5 during post-MI collagen repair. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing was performed to explore potential ALKBH5 targets. RESULTS Dramatic alterations in ALKBH5 expression were observed during the early stages post-MI and in hypoxic fibroblasts. Global ALKBH5 knockin reduced infarct size and ameliorated cardiac function after MI. The global and fibroblast-specific ALKBH5-knockout mice both exhibited low survival rates along with poor collagen repair, impaired cardiac function, and cardiac rupture. Both in vivo and in vitro ALKBH5 loss resulted in impaired fibroblast activation and decreased collagen deposition. Additionally, hypoxia, but not TGF-β1 or Ang II, upregulated ALKBH5 expression in myofibroblasts by HIF-1α-dependent transcriptional regulation. Mechanistically, ALKBH5 promoted the stability of ErbB4 mRNA and the degradation of ST14 mRNA via m6A demethylation. Fibroblast-specific ErbB4 overexpression ameliorated the impaired fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transformation and poor post-MI repair due to ALKBH5 knockout. CONCLUSION Fibroblast ALKBH5 positively regulates post-MI healing by stabilization of ErbB4 mRNA in an m6A-dependent manner. ALKBH5/ErbB4 might be potential therapeutic targets for post-MI cardiac rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China
| | - Yongchao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jingjing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China; Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Rifeng Gao
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaran Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juntao Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China
| | - Aijun Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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10
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Ma J, Wang X, Jia Y, Tan F, Yuan X, Du J. The roles of B cells in cardiovascular diseases. Mol Immunol 2024; 171:36-46. [PMID: 38763105 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Damage to the heart can start the repair process and cause cardiac remodeling. B cells play an important role in this process. B cells are recruited to the injured place and activate cardiac remodeling through secreting antibodies and cytokines. Different types of B cells showed specific functions in the heart. Among all types of B cells, heart-associated B cells play a vital role in the heart by secreting TGFβ1. B cells participate in the activation of fibroblasts and promote cardiac fibrosis. Four subtypes of B cells in the heart revealed the relationship between the B cells' heterogeneity and cardiac remodeling. Many cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis, heart failure (HF), hypertension, myocardial infarction (MI), and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) are related to B cells. The primary mechanisms of these B cell-related activities will be discussed in this review, which may also suggest potential novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuewang Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangyan Tan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jianlin Du
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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11
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Smits JJHM, van der Pol A, Goumans MJ, Bouten CVC, Jorba I. GelMA hydrogel dual photo-crosslinking to dynamically modulate ECM stiffness. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1363525. [PMID: 38966190 PMCID: PMC11222782 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1363525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The dynamic nature of the extracellular matrix (ECM), particularly its stiffness, plays a pivotal role in cellular behavior, especially after myocardial infarction (MI), where cardiac fibroblasts (cFbs) are key in ECM remodeling. This study explores the effects of dynamic stiffness changes on cFb activation and ECM production, addressing a gap in understanding the dynamics of ECM stiffness and their impact on cellular behavior. Utilizing gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogels, we developed a model to dynamically alter the stiffness of cFb environment through a two-step photocrosslinking process. By inducing a quiescent state in cFbs with a TGF-β inhibitor, we ensured the direct observation of cFbs-responses to the engineered mechanical environment. Our findings demonstrate that the mechanical history of substrates significantly influences cFb activation and ECM-related gene expression. Cells that were initially cultured for 24 h on the soft substrate remained more quiescent when the hydrogel was stiffened compared to cells cultured directly to a stiff static substrate. This underscores the importance of past mechanical history in cellular behavior. The present study offers new insights into the role of ECM stiffness changes in regulating cellular behavior, with significant implications for understanding tissue remodeling processes, such as in post-MI scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephina J. H. M. Smits
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Atze van der Pol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Marie José Goumans
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V. C. Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Ke D, Cao M, Ni J, Yuan Y, Deng J, Chen S, Dai X, Zhou H. Macrophage and fibroblast trajectory inference and crosstalk analysis during myocardial infarction using integrated single-cell transcriptomic datasets. J Transl Med 2024; 22:560. [PMID: 38867219 PMCID: PMC11167890 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction (MI) has been considered an important part of cardiac pathological remodeling. Immune cells, especially macrophages, are thought to be involved in the process of fibrosis and constitute a niche with fibroblasts to promote fibrosis. However, the diversity and variability of fibroblasts and macrophages make it difficult to accurately depict interconnections. METHODS We collected and reanalyzed scRNA-seq and snRNA-seq datasets from 12 different studies. Differentiation trajectories of these subpopulations after MI injury were analyzed by using scVelo, PAGA and Slingshot. We used CellphoneDB and NicheNet to infer fibroblast-macrophage interactions. Tissue immunofluorescence staining and in vitro experiments were used to validate our findings. RESULTS We discovered two subsets of ECM-producing fibroblasts, reparative cardiac fibroblasts (RCFs) and matrifibrocytes, which appeared at different times after MI and exhibited different transcriptional profiles. We also observed that CTHRC1+ fibroblasts represent an activated fibroblast in chronic disease states. We identified a macrophage subset expressing the genes signature of SAMs conserved in both human and mouse hearts. Meanwhile, the SPP1hi macrophages were predominantly found in the early stages after MI, and cell communication analysis indicated that SPP1hi macrophage-RCFs interactions are mainly involved in collagen deposition and scar formation. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this study comprehensively analyzed the dynamics of fibroblast and macrophage subsets after MI and identified specific subsets of fibroblasts and macrophages involved in scar formation and collagen deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Ke
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhen Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Ni
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangyang Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Si Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiujun Dai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic and Chronic Diseases, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Song MH, Yoo J, Kwon DA, Chepurko E, Cho S, Fargnoli A, Hajjar RJ, Park WJ, Zangi L, Jeong D. Modified mRNA-Mediated CCN5 Gene Transfer Ameliorates Cardiac Dysfunction and Fibrosis without Adverse Structural Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6262. [PMID: 38892449 PMCID: PMC11172546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Modified mRNAs (modRNAs) are an emerging delivery method for gene therapy. The success of modRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines has demonstrated that modRNA is a safe and effective therapeutic tool. Moreover, modRNA has the potential to treat various human diseases, including cardiac dysfunction. Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cardiac disorder that currently lacks curative treatment options, and MI is commonly accompanied by fibrosis and impaired cardiac function. Our group previously demonstrated that the matricellular protein CCN5 inhibits cardiac fibrosis (CF) and mitigates cardiac dysfunction. However, it remains unclear whether early intervention of CF under stress conditions is beneficial or more detrimental due to potential adverse effects such as left ventricular (LV) rupture. We hypothesized that CCN5 would alleviate the adverse effects of myocardial infarction (MI) through its anti-fibrotic properties under stress conditions. To induce the rapid expression of CCN5, ModRNA-CCN5 was synthesized and administrated directly into the myocardium in a mouse MI model. To evaluate CCN5 activity, we established two independent experimental schemes: (1) preventive intervention and (2) therapeutic intervention. Functional analyses, including echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), along with molecular assays, demonstrated that modRNA-mediated CCN5 gene transfer significantly attenuated cardiac fibrosis and improved cardiac function in both preventive and therapeutic models, without causing left ventricular rupture or any adverse cardiac remodeling. In conclusion, early intervention in CF by ModRNA-CCN5 gene transfer is an efficient and safe therapeutic modality for treating MI-induced heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ho Song
- College of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea; (M.H.S.)
| | - Jimeen Yoo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10019, USA; (J.Y.); (E.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Do-A Kwon
- Department of Medicinal & Life Science, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University-ERICA, Ansan-si 15588, Republic of Korea; (D.-A.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Elena Chepurko
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10019, USA; (J.Y.); (E.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Sunghye Cho
- Department of Medicinal & Life Science, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University-ERICA, Ansan-si 15588, Republic of Korea; (D.-A.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Anthony Fargnoli
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10019, USA; (J.Y.); (E.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Roger J. Hajjar
- Mass General Brigham Gene and Cell Therapy Institute, Boston, MA 02139, USA;
| | - Woo Jin Park
- College of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea; (M.H.S.)
| | - Lior Zangi
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10019, USA; (J.Y.); (E.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Dongtak Jeong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10019, USA; (J.Y.); (E.C.); (A.F.)
- Department of Medicinal & Life Science, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University-ERICA, Ansan-si 15588, Republic of Korea; (D.-A.K.); (S.C.)
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14
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Meloni A, De Luca A, Nugara C, Cavallaro C, Cappelletto C, Barison A, Todiere G, Grigoratos C, Novo G, Grigioni F, Emdin M, Sinagra G, Mavrogeni S, Quaia E, Cademartiri F, Pepe A. The additive prognostic value of end-systolic pressure-volume relation by stress CMR in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING 2024; 40:1341-1351. [PMID: 38676849 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-024-03104-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The difference between rest and peak stress end-systolic pressure-volume relation (ΔESPVR) is an afterload-independent index of left ventricular (LV) contractility. We assessed the independent prognostic value of ΔESPVR index by dipyridamole stress-cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients with known/suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS We considered 196 consecutive patients (62.74 ± 10.66 years, 49 females). Wall motion and perfusion abnormalities at rest and peak stress were analysed. Replacement myocardial fibrosis was detected by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) technique. The ESPVR was evaluated at rest and peak stress from raw measurement of systolic arterial pressure and end-systolic volume by biplane Simpson's method. RESULTS A reduced ΔESPVR index (≤ 0.02 mmHg/mL/m2) was found in 88 (44.9%) patients and it was associated with a lower LV ejection fraction (EF) and with a higher frequency of abnormal stress CMR and myocardial fibrosis. During a mean follow-up of 53.17 ± 28.21 months, 50 (25.5%) cardiac events were recorded: 5 cardiac deaths, 17 revascularizations, one myocardial infarction, 23 hospitalisations for heart failure or unstable angina, and 4 ventricular arrhythmias. According to Cox regression analysis, diabetes, family history, LVEF, abnormal stress CMR, myocardial fibrosis, and reduced ΔESPVR were significant univariate prognosticators. In the multivariate analysis the independent predictors were ΔESPVR index ≤ 0.02 mmHg/mL/m2 (hazard ratio-HR = 2.58, P = 0.007), myocardial fibrosis (HR = 2.13, P = 0.036), and diabetes (HR = 2.33, P = 0.012). CONCLUSION ΔESPVR index by stress-CMR was independently associated with cardiac outcomes in patients with known/suspected CAD, in addition to replacement myocardial fibrosis and diabetes. Thus, the assessment of ΔESPVR index may be included into the standard stress-CMR exam to further stratify the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Meloni
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Via Moruzzi, 1, Pisa, 56124, Italy
- Department of Bioengineering, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina and University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Cinzia Nugara
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital "P. Giaccone", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- IRCSS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Messina, Italy
| | - Camilla Cavallaro
- Cardiovascular Department, University Campus Bio-Medico, Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Cappelletto
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina and University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Barison
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Todiere
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chrysanthos Grigoratos
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Novo
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital "P. Giaccone", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Michele Emdin
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina and University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sophie Mavrogeni
- Department of Cardiology, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Emilio Quaia
- Institute of Radiology, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Filippo Cademartiri
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Via Moruzzi, 1, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Alessia Pepe
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Via Moruzzi, 1, Pisa, 56124, Italy.
- Institute of Radiology, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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Banerjee S, Onwunyi VRC, Hong J, Martineau S, Fishbein GA, Bonnet SB, Provencher S, Bonnet S, Umar S. RV-specific Targeting of Snai1 Rescues Pulmonary Hypertension-induced Right Ventricular Failure by Inhibiting EndMT and Fibrosis via LOXL2 Mediated Mechanism. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.30.591766. [PMID: 38746200 PMCID: PMC11092652 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.30.591766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Pulmonary hypertension (PH)-induced right ventricular (RV) failure (PH-RVF) is a significant prognostic determinant of mortality and is characterized by RV hypertrophy, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT), fibrosis, and extracellular matrix (ECM)-remodeling. Despite the importance of RV function in PH, the mechanistic details of PH-RVF, especially the regulatory control of RV EndMT, FMT, and fibrosis, remain unclear. The action of transcription factor Snai1 is shown to be mediated through LOXL2 recruitment, and their co-translocation to the nucleus, during EndMT progression. We hypothesize that RV EndMT and fibrosis in PH-RVF are governed by the TGFβ1-Snai1-LOXL2 axis. Furthermore, targeting Snai1 could serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for PH-RVF. Methods Adult male Sprague Dawley rats (250-300g) received either a single subcutaneous injection of Monocrotaline (MCT, 60mg/kg, n=9; followed for 30-days) or Sugen (SU5416 20mg/kg, n=9; 10% O 2 hypoxia for 3-weeks followed by normoxia for 2-weeks) or PBS (CTRL, n=9). We performed secondary bioinformatics analysis on the RV bulk RNA-Seq data from MCT, SuHx, and PAB rats and human PH-PVF. We validated EndMT and FMT and their association with Snai1 and LOXL2 in the RVs of MCT and SuHx rat models and human PH-RVF using immunofluorescence, qPCR, and Western blots. For in vivo Snai1 knockdown (Snai1-KD), MCT-rats either received Snai1-siRNA (n=7; 5nM/injection every 3-4 days; 4-injections) or scramble (SCRM-KD; n=7) through tail vein from day 14-30 after MCT. Echocardiography and catheterization were performed terminally. Bulk RNASeq and differential expression analysis were performed on Snai1- and SCRM-KD rat RVs. In vitro Snai1-KD was performed on human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) and human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) under hypoxia+TGFβ1 for 72-hrs. Results PH-RVF had increased RVSP and Fulton index and decreased RV fractional area change (RVFAC %). RV RNASeq demonstrated EndMT as the common top-upregulated pathway between rat (MCT, SuHx, and PAB) and human PH-RVF. Immunofluorescence using EndMT- and FMT-specific markers demonstrated increased EndMT and FMT in RV of MCT and SuHx rats and PH-RVF patients. Further, RV expression of TGFβ1, Snai1, and LOXL2 was increased in MCT and SuHx. Nuclear co-localization and increased immunoreactivity, transcript, and protein levels of Snai1 and LOXL2 were observed in MCT and SuHx rats and human RVs. MCT rats treated with Snai1-siRNA demonstrated decreased Snai1 expression, RVSP, Fulton index, and increased RVFAC. Snai1-KD resulted in decreased RV-EndMT, FMT, and fibrosis via a LOXL2-dependent manner. Further, Snai1-KD inhibited hypoxia+TGFβ1-induced EndMT in HCAECs and FMT in HCFs in vitro by decreasing perinuclear/nuclear Snai1+LOXL2 expression and co-localization. Conclusions RV-specific targeting of Snai1 rescues PH-RVF by inhibiting EndMT and Fibrosis via a LOXL2-mediated mechanism.
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Zang G, Chen Y, Guo G, Wan A, Li B, Wang Z. Protective Effect of CD137 Deficiency Against Postinfarction Cardiac Fibrosis and Adverse Cardiac Remodeling by ERK1/2 Signaling Pathways. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2024; 83:446-456. [PMID: 38416872 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Myocardial fibrosis, a common complication of myocardial infarction (MI), is characterized by excessive collagen deposition and can result in impaired cardiac function. The specific role of CD137 in the development of post-MI myocardial fibrosis remains unclear. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the effects of CD137 signaling using CD137 knockout mice and in vitro experiments. CD137 expression levels progressively increased in the heart after MI, particularly in myofibroblast, which play a key role in fibrosis. Remarkably, CD137 knockout mice exhibited improved cardiac function and reduced fibrosis compared with wild-type mice at day 28 post-MI. The use of Masson's trichrome and picrosirius red staining demonstrated a reduction in the infarct area and collagen volume fraction in CD137 knockout mice. Furthermore, the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin and collagen I, key markers of fibrosis, was decreased in heart tissues lacking CD137. In vitro experiments supported these findings because CD137 depletion attenuated cardiac fibroblast differentiation, and migration, and collagen I synthesis. In addition, the administration of CD137L recombinant protein further promoted alpha-smooth muscle actin expression and collagen I synthesis, suggesting a profibrotic effect. Notably, the application of an inhibitor targeting the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway attenuated the profibrotic effects of CD137L. To conclude, this study provides evidence that CD137 plays a significant role in promoting myocardial fibrosis after MI. Inhibition of CD137 signaling pathways may hold therapeutic potential for mitigating pathological cardiac remodeling and improving post-MI cardiac function.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Fibrosis
- Myocardial Infarction/pathology
- Myocardial Infarction/metabolism
- Myocardial Infarction/genetics
- Myocardial Infarction/enzymology
- Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology
- Ventricular Remodeling/drug effects
- Mice, Knockout
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9/genetics
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Disease Models, Animal
- Male
- Collagen Type I/metabolism
- Collagen Type I/genetics
- Myofibroblasts/metabolism
- Myofibroblasts/pathology
- Myofibroblasts/enzymology
- MAP Kinase Signaling System
- Myocardium/pathology
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocardium/enzymology
- 4-1BB Ligand/metabolism
- 4-1BB Ligand/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3/metabolism
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1/metabolism
- Actins/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Signal Transduction
- Cell Movement
- Mice
- Ventricular Function, Left
- Cell Differentiation
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyao Zang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; and
| | - Yiliu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; and
| | - Ge Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; and
| | - Aijun Wan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, Zhenjiang College, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; and
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China; and
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17
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Takano APC, de André CDS, de Almeida R, Waked D, Veras MM, Saldiva PHN. Association of pulmonary black carbon accumulation with cardiac fibrosis in residents of Sao Paulo, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 248:118380. [PMID: 38307182 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that myocardial interstitial fibrosis, resulting from cardiac remodeling, may possibly be influenced by mechanisms activated through the inhalation of airborne pollutants. However, limited studies have explored the relationship between lifetime exposure to carbon-based particles and cardiac fibrosis, specially using post-mortem samples. This study examined whether long-term exposure to air pollution (estimated by black carbon accumulated in the lungs) is associated with myocardial fibrosis in urban dwellers of megacity of Sao Paulo. Data collection included epidemiological and autopsy-based approaches. Information was obtained by interviewing the next of kin and through the pathologist's report. The individual index of exposure to carbon-based particles, which we designed as the fraction of black carbon (FBC), was estimated through quantification of particles on the macroscopic lung surface. Myocardium samples were collected for histopathological analysis to evaluate the fraction of cardiac fibrosis. The association between cardiac fibrosis and FBC, age, sex, smoking status and hypertension was assessed by means of multiple linear regression models. Our study demonstrated that the association of FBC with cardiac fibrosis is influenced by smoking status and hypertension. Among hypertensive individuals, the cardiac fibrosis fraction tended to increase with the increase of the FBC in both groups of smokers and non-smokers. In non-hypertensive individuals, the association between cardiac fibrosis fraction and FBC was observed primarily in smokers. Long-term exposure to tobacco smoke and environmental particles may contribute to the cardiac remodeling response in individuals with pre-existing hypertension. This highlights the importance of considering hypertension as an additional risk factor for the health effects of air pollution on the cardiovascular system. Moreover, the study endorses the role of autopsy to investigate the effects of urban environment and personal habits in determining human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Cremasco Takano
- Universidade de Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Dunia Waked
- Universidade de Sao Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Peters VB, Matheis F, Erdmann I, Nemade HN, Muders D, Toubartz M, Torun M, Mehrkens D, Geißen S, Nettersheim FS, Picard F, Guthoff H, Hof A, Arkenberg P, Arand B, Klinke A, Rudolph V, Hansen HP, Bachurski D, Adam M, Hoyer FF, Winkels H, Baldus S, Mollenhauer M. Myeloperoxidase induces monocyte migration and activation after acute myocardial infarction. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1360700. [PMID: 38736886 PMCID: PMC11082299 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1360700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Myocardial infarction (MI) is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Many individuals who survive the acute event continue to experience heart failure (HF), with inflammatory and healing processes post-MI playing a pivotal role. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and monocytes infiltrate the infarcted area, where PMN release high amounts of the heme enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO). MPO has numerous inflammatory properties and MPO plasma levels are correlated with prognosis and severity of MI. While studies have focused on MPO inhibition and controlling PMN infiltration into the infarcted tissue, less is known on MPO's role in monocyte function. Methods and results Here, we combined human data with mouse and cell studies to examine the role of MPO on monocyte activation and migration. We revealed a correlation between plasma MPO levels and monocyte activation in a patient study. Using a mouse model of MI, we demonstrated that MPO deficiency led to an increase in splenic monocytes and a decrease in cardiac monocytes compared to wildtype mice (WT). In vitro studies further showed that MPO induces monocyte migration, with upregulation of the chemokine receptor CCR2 and upregulation of inflammatory pathways identified as underlying mechanisms. Conclusion Taken together, we identify MPO as a pro-inflammatory mediator of splenic monocyte recruitment and activation post-MI and provide mechanistic insight for novel therapeutic strategies after ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera B.M. Peters
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Friederike Matheis
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Immanuel Erdmann
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Harshal N. Nemade
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Muders
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Toubartz
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Merve Torun
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dennis Mehrkens
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon Geißen
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Sebastian Nettersheim
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Picard
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henning Guthoff
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Hof
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Per Arkenberg
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Birgit Arand
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna Klinke
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Agnes Wittenborg Institute for Translational Cardiovascular Research, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein Westfalen (NRW), University Hospital of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Volker Rudolph
- Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Agnes Wittenborg Institute for Translational Cardiovascular Research, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein Westfalen (NRW), University Hospital of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Hinrich Peter Hansen
- Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Daniel Bachurski
- Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matti Adam
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Friedrich Felix Hoyer
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Holger Winkels
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Baldus
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Mollenhauer
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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19
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Zheng W, Guo Q, Guo R, Guo Y, Wang H, Xu L, Huo Y, Ai H, Que B, Wang X, Nie S. Predicting left ventricular remodeling post-MI through coronary physiological measurements based on computational fluid dynamics. iScience 2024; 27:109513. [PMID: 38600975 PMCID: PMC11004870 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Early detection of left ventricular remodeling (LVR) is crucial. While cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) provides valuable information, it has limitations. Coronary angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (caFFR) and index of microcirculatory resistance (caIMR) offer viable alternatives. 157 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention were prospectively included. 23.6% of patients showed LVR. Machine learning algorithms constructed three LVR prediction models: Model 1 incorporated clinical and procedural parameters, Model 2 added CMR parameters, and Model 3 included echocardiographic and functional parameters (caFFR and caIMR) with Model 1. The random forest algorithm showed robust performance, achieving AUC of 0.77, 0.84, and 0.85 for Models 1, 2, and 3. SHAP analysis identified top features in Model 2 (infarct size, microvascular obstruction, admission hemoglobin) and Model 3 (current smoking, caFFR, admission hemoglobin). Findings indicate coronary physiology and echocardiographic parameters effectively predict LVR in patients with STEMI, suggesting their potential to replace CMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zheng
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Guo
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifeng Guo
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Guo
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yunlong Huo
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Ai
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Que
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
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20
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Bessa-Gonçalves M, Bragança B, Martins-Dias E, Vinhas A, Certal M, Rodrigues T, Ferreirinha F, Costa MA, Correia-de-Sá P, Fontes-Sousa AP. Blockage of the adenosine A 2B receptor prevents cardiac fibroblasts overgrowth in rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Purinergic Signal 2024; 20:163-179. [PMID: 37402944 PMCID: PMC10997572 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09952-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sustained pressure overload and fibrosis of the right ventricle (RV) are the leading causes of mortality in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Although the role of adenosine in PAH has been attributed to the control of pulmonary vascular tone, cardiac reserve, and inflammatory processes, the involvement of the nucleoside in RV remodelling remains poorly understood. Conflicting results exist on targeting the low-affinity adenosine A2B receptor (A2BAR) for the treatment of PAH mostly because it displays dual roles in acute vs. chronic lung diseases. Herein, we investigated the role of the A2BAR in the viability/proliferation and collagen production by cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) isolated from RVs of rats with monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH. CFs from MCT-treated rats display higher cell viability/proliferation capacity and overexpress A2BAR compared to the cells from healthy littermates. The enzymatically stable adenosine analogue, 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA, 1-30 μM), concentration-dependently increased growth, and type I collagen production by CFs originated from control and PAH rats, but its effects were more prominent in cells from rats with PAH. Blockage of the A2BAR with PSB603 (100 nM), but not of the A2AAR with SCH442416 (100 nM), attenuated the proliferative effect of NECA in CFs from PAH rats. The A2AAR agonist, CGS21680 (3 and 10 nM), was virtually devoid of effect. Overall, data suggest that adenosine signalling via A2BAR may contribute to RV overgrowth secondary to PAH. Therefore, blockage of the A2AAR may be a valuable therapeutic alternative to mitigate cardiac remodelling and prevent right heart failure in PAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda Bessa-Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Bragança
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar Tâmega e Sousa, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Martins-Dias
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adriana Vinhas
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Certal
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tânia Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Ferreirinha
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Adelina Costa
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Química, ICBAS-UP, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo Correia-de-Sá
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ana Patrícia Fontes-Sousa
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Neurobiologia, Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia/Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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21
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Hoque MM, Gbadegoye JO, Hassan FO, Raafat A, Lebeche D. Cardiac fibrogenesis: an immuno-metabolic perspective. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1336551. [PMID: 38577624 PMCID: PMC10993884 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1336551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a major and complex pathophysiological process that ultimately culminates in cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. This phenomenon includes not only the replacement of the damaged tissue by a fibrotic scar produced by activated fibroblasts/myofibroblasts but also a spatiotemporal alteration of the structural, biochemical, and biomechanical parameters in the ventricular wall, eliciting a reactive remodeling process. Though mechanical stress, post-infarct homeostatic imbalances, and neurohormonal activation are classically attributed to cardiac fibrosis, emerging evidence that supports the roles of immune system modulation, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation in the initiation and progression of cardiac fibrogenesis has been reported. Adaptive changes, immune cell phenoconversions, and metabolic shifts in the cardiac nonmyocyte population provide initial protection, but persistent altered metabolic demand eventually contributes to adverse remodeling of the heart. Altered energy metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, various immune cells, immune mediators, and cross-talks between the immune cells and cardiomyocytes play crucial roles in orchestrating the transdifferentiation of fibroblasts and ensuing fibrotic remodeling of the heart. Manipulation of the metabolic plasticity, fibroblast-myofibroblast transition, and modulation of the immune response may hold promise for favorably modulating the fibrotic response following different cardiovascular pathological processes. Although the immunologic and metabolic perspectives of fibrosis in the heart are being reported in the literature, they lack a comprehensive sketch bridging these two arenas and illustrating the synchrony between them. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the intricate relationship between different cardiac immune cells and metabolic pathways as well as summarizes the current understanding of the involvement of immune-metabolic pathways in cardiac fibrosis and attempts to identify some of the previously unaddressed questions that require further investigation. Moreover, the potential therapeutic strategies and emerging pharmacological interventions, including immune and metabolic modulators, that show promise in preventing or attenuating cardiac fibrosis and restoring cardiac function will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Monirul Hoque
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Joy Olaoluwa Gbadegoye
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Fasilat Oluwakemi Hassan
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Amr Raafat
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Djamel Lebeche
- Departments of Physiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- Medicine-Cardiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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22
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Han W, Wang W, Wang Q, Maduray K, Hao L, Zhong J. A review on regulation of DNA methylation during post-myocardial infarction. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1267585. [PMID: 38414735 PMCID: PMC10896928 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1267585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) imposes a huge medical and economic burden on society, and cardiac repair after MI involves a complex series of processes. Understanding the key mechanisms (such as apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, and fibrosis) will facilitate further drug development and patient treatment. Presently, a substantial body of evidence suggests that the regulation of epigenetic processes contributes to cardiac repair following MI, with DNA methylation being among the notable epigenetic factors involved. This article will review the research on the mechanism of DNA methylation regulation after MI to provide some insights for future research and development of related drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Han
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qinhong Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kellina Maduray
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Hao
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jingquan Zhong
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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23
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Pan J, Zhang L, Li D, Li Y, Lu M, Hu Y, Sun B, Zhang Z, Li C. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1: Regulatory mechanisms and drug therapy in myocardial infarction. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 963:176277. [PMID: 38123007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI), an acute cardiovascular disease characterized by coronary artery blockage, inadequate blood supply, and subsequent ischemic necrosis of the myocardium, is one of the leading causes of death. The cellular, physiological, and pathological responses following MI are complex, involving multiple intertwined pathological mechanisms. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), a crucial regulator of hypoxia, plays a significant role in of the development of MI by modulating the behavior of various cells such as cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, macrophages, and fibroblasts under hypoxic conditions. HIF-1 regulates various post-MI adaptive reactions to acute ischemia and hypoxia through various mechanisms. These mechanisms include angiogenesis, energy metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and ventricular remodeling. With its crucial role in MI, HIF-1 is expected to significantly influence the treatment of MI. However, the drugs available for the treatment of MI targeting HIF-1 are currently limited, and most contain natural compounds. The development of precision-targeted drugs modulating HIF-1 has therapeutic potential for advancing MI treatment research and development. This study aimed to summarize the regulatory role of HIF-1 in the pathological responses of various cells following MI, the diverse mechanisms of action of HIF-1 in MI, and the potential drugs targeting HIF-1 for treating MI, thus providing the theoretical foundations for potential clinical therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Pan
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Mengkai Lu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Yuanlong Hu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Bowen Sun
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Chao Li
- Qingdao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao, 266000, China.
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24
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Rowland MB, Moore PE, Correll RN. Regulation of cardiac fibroblast cell death by unfolded protein response signaling. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1304669. [PMID: 38283278 PMCID: PMC10811265 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1304669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a tightly regulated organelle that requires specific environmental properties to efficiently carry out its function as a major site of protein synthesis and folding. Embedded in the ER membrane, ER stress sensors inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) serve as a sensitive quality control system collectively known as the unfolded protein response (UPR). In response to an accumulation of misfolded proteins, the UPR signals for protective mechanisms to cope with the cellular stress. Under prolonged unstable conditions and an inability to regain homeostasis, the UPR can shift from its original adaptive response to mechanisms leading to UPR-induced apoptosis. These UPR signaling pathways have been implicated as an important feature in the development of cardiac fibrosis, but identifying effective treatments has been difficult. Therefore, the apoptotic mechanisms of UPR signaling in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) are important to our understanding of chronic fibrosis in the heart. Here, we summarize the maladaptive side of the UPR, activated downstream pathways associated with cell death, and agents that have been used to modify UPR-induced apoptosis in CFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary B. Rowland
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| | - Patrick E. Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| | - Robert N. Correll
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
- Center for Convergent Bioscience and Medicine, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
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25
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Peng X, Du J, Wang Y. Metabolic signatures in post-myocardial infarction heart failure, including insights into prediction, intervention, and prognosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116079. [PMID: 38150879 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a prevalent long-term complication of myocardial infarction (MI). The incidence of post-MI HF is high, and patients with the condition have a poor prognosis. Accurate identification of individuals at high risk for post-MI HF is crucial for implementation of a protective and ideally personalized strategy to prevent fatal events. Post-MI HF is characterized by adverse cardiac remodeling, which results from metabolic changes in response to long-term ischemia. Moreover, various risk factors, including genetics, diet, and obesity, can influence metabolic pathways in patients. This review focuses on the metabolic signatures of post-MI HF that could serve as non-invasive biomarkers for early identification in high-risk populations. We also explore how metabolism participates in the pathophysiology of post-MI HF. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of metabolites as novel targets for treatment of post-MI HF and as biomarkers for prognostic evaluation. It is expected to provide valuable suggestions for the clinical prevention and treatment of post-MI HF from a metabolic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Peng
- Beijing Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cardiovascular Disorders, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China; Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jie Du
- Beijing Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cardiovascular Disorders, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China; Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yuan Wang
- Beijing Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cardiovascular Disorders, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China; Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
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26
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Mallikarjun V, Yin B, Caggiano LR, Blimbaum S, Pavelec CM, Holmes JW, Ewald SE. Automated spatially targeted optical micro proteomics identifies fibroblast- and macrophage-specific regulation of myocardial infarction scar maturation in rats. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 186:1-15. [PMID: 37951204 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) results from occlusion of blood supply to the heart muscle causing death of cardiac muscle cells. Following myocardial infarction (MI), extracellular matrix deposition and scar formation mechanically stabilize the injured heart as damaged myocytes undergo necrosis and removal. Fibroblasts and macrophages are key drivers of post-MI scar formation, maturation, and ongoing long-term remodelling; however, their individual contributions are difficult to assess from bulk analyses of infarct scar. Here, we employ state-of-the-art automated spatially targeted optical micro proteomics (autoSTOMP) to photochemically tag and isolate proteomes associated with subpopulations of fibroblasts (SMA+) and macrophages (CD68+) in the context of the native, MI tissue environment. Over a time course of 6-weeks post-MI, we captured dynamic changes in the whole-infarct proteome and determined that some of these protein composition signatures were differentially localized near SMA+ fibroblasts or CD68+ macrophages within the scar region. These results link specific cell populations to within-infarct protein remodelling and illustrate the distinct metabolic and structural processes underlying the observed physiology of each cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh Mallikarjun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Bocheng Yin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology at the Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Laura R Caggiano
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Sydney Blimbaum
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology at the Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Caitlin M Pavelec
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Holmes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA; School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Sarah E Ewald
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology at the Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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27
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Tan Y, Feng P, Feng L, Shi L, Song Y, Yang J, Duan W, Gao E, Liu J, Yi D, Zhang B, Sun Y, Yi W. Low-dose exercise protects the heart against established myocardial infarction via IGF-1-upregulated CTRP9 in male mice. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e411. [PMID: 38020715 PMCID: PMC10674078 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular exercise is recommended as an important component of therapy for cardiovascular diseases in clinical practice. However, there are still major challenges in prescribing an optimized exercise regimen to individual patients with established cardiac disease. Here, we tested the effects of different exercise doses on cardiac function in mice with established myocardial infarction (MI). Exercise was introduced to mice with MI after 4 weeks of surgery. Low-dose exercise (15 min/day for 8 weeks) improved mortality and cardiac function by increasing 44.39% of ejection fractions while inhibiting fibrosis by decreasing 37.74% of distant region. Unlike higher doses of exercise, low-dose exercise consecutively upregulated cardiac expression of C1q complement/tumor necrosis factor-associated protein 9 (CTRP9) during exercise (>1.5-fold). Cardiac-specific knockdown of CTRP9 abolished the protective effects of low-dose exercise against established MI, while cardiac-specific overexpression of CTRP9 protected the heart against established MI. Mechanistically, low-dose exercise upregulated the transcription factor nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 2 by increasing circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), therefore, upregulating cardiac CTRP9 expression. These results suggest that low-dose exercise protects the heart against established MI via IGF-1-upregulated CTRP9 and may contribute to the development of optimized exercise prescriptions for patients with MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhen Tan
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Pan Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Lele Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Yujie Song
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Weixun Duan
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational MedicineLewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Jincheng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Dinghua Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of General MedicineXijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Wei Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryXijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
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28
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Zhao Y, Xiong W, Li C, Zhao R, Lu H, Song S, Zhou Y, Hu Y, Shi B, Ge J. Hypoxia-induced signaling in the cardiovascular system: pathogenesis and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:431. [PMID: 37981648 PMCID: PMC10658171 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01652-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, characterized by reduced oxygen concentration, is a significant stressor that affects the survival of aerobic species and plays a prominent role in cardiovascular diseases. From the research history and milestone events related to hypoxia in cardiovascular development and diseases, The "hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) switch" can be observed from both temporal and spatial perspectives, encompassing the occurrence and progression of hypoxia (gradual decline in oxygen concentration), the acute and chronic manifestations of hypoxia, and the geographical characteristics of hypoxia (natural selection at high altitudes). Furthermore, hypoxia signaling pathways are associated with natural rhythms, such as diurnal and hibernation processes. In addition to innate factors and natural selection, it has been found that epigenetics, as a postnatal factor, profoundly influences the hypoxic response and progression within the cardiovascular system. Within this intricate process, interactions between different tissues and organs within the cardiovascular system and other systems in the context of hypoxia signaling pathways have been established. Thus, it is the time to summarize and to construct a multi-level regulatory framework of hypoxia signaling and mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases for developing more therapeutic targets and make reasonable advancements in clinical research, including FDA-approved drugs and ongoing clinical trials, to guide future clinical practice in the field of hypoxia signaling in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Weidong Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chaofu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ranzun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuai Song
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yiqing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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29
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Song J, Du J, Tan X, Li Y, Yu Q, Liu W, Zhu X, Cong B. Tissue kallikrein-related peptidase8 accentuates cardiac fibrosis after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via regulation of cardiac fibroblasts. Life Sci 2023; 329:121973. [PMID: 37482211 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Tissue kallikrein-related peptidase8 (KLK8) has been found to mitigate acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. However, the effect of KLK8 on cardiac remodeling in response to IR injury has not been determined. MATERIALS AND METHODS KLK8 overexpressing transgenic rat (KLK8-TG) was used as the animal model. IR injury was induced by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery for 1 h and subsequent reperfusion. The functional and morphological changes of the heart were examined 14 days after the injury. Neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms in vitro. KEY FINDINGS KLK8 overexpression enhanced cardiac diastolic dysfunction, fibrosis, and hypertrophy after IR injury, indicating that KLK8 accentuated cardiac remodeling in response to IR injury. Moreover, KLK8 overexpression increased epidermal growth factor (EGF) release and promoted the phosphorylation of EGF receptor (EGFR) and ERK1/2 in the heart after IR injury. It was interesting to find that both EGFR antagonist (AG 1478) and MEK inhibitor (PD98059) attenuated the KLK8-induced proliferation and activation of CFs in vitro, indicating that EGFR signaling might mediate the pro-fibrotic action of KLK8. SIGNIFICANCE KLK8 plays a crucial role in cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction. KLK8 accentuates cardiac fibrosis after IR injury, possibly mediated by EGFR signaling in CFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchao Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Department of Physiology, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Jiankui Du
- Department of Physiology, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China; Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Tan
- Department of Physiology, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China; Department of Marine Biomedicine and Polar Medicine, Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Physiology, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China; Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Binhai Cong
- Department of Physiology, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China.
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30
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Le LTT, Nhu CXT. The Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13805. [PMID: 37762106 PMCID: PMC10531487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules longer than 200 nucleotides that regulate gene expression at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels. Abnormal expression of lncRNAs has been identified in many human diseases. Future improvements in diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic techniques will be facilitated by a deeper understanding of disease etiology. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main cause of death globally. Cardiac development involves lncRNAs, and their abnormalities are linked to many CVDs. This review examines the relationship and function of lncRNA in a variety of CVDs, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial hypertrophy, and heart failure. Therein, the potential utilization of lncRNAs in clinical diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh T. T. Le
- Biotechnology Department, Ho Chi Minh City Open University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam;
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31
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Yu X. Promising Therapeutic Treatments for Cardiac Fibrosis: Herbal Plants and Their Extracts. Cardiol Ther 2023; 12:415-443. [PMID: 37247171 PMCID: PMC10423196 DOI: 10.1007/s40119-023-00319-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is closely associated with multiple heart diseases, which are a prominent health issue in the global world. Neurohormones and cytokines play indispensable roles in cardiac fibrosis. Many signaling pathways participate in cardiac fibrosis as well. Cardiac fibrosis is due to impaired degradation of collagen and impaired fibroblast activation, and collagen accumulation results in increasing heart stiffness and inharmonious activity, leading to structure alterations and finally cardiac function decline. Herbal plants have been applied in traditional medicines for thousands of years. Because of their naturality, they have attracted much attention for use in resisting cardiac fibrosis in recent years. This review sheds light on several extracts from herbal plants, which are promising therapeutics for reversing cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA.
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32
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Hu H, Huang J, Zhang S, Zhang B, Li W, Sun K. Tumor necrosis factor-α stimulation endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition during cardiac fibrosis via endothelin-1 signaling. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23411. [PMID: 37334666 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is an important pathological change after myocardial infarction (MI). High concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) contributes to cardiac fibrosis, and TNF-α has been demonstrated to be involved in transforming growth factor-β1-induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). However, the role and molecular mechanisms of TNF-α during cardiac fibrosis remain largely unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that TNF-α and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were upregulated in cardiac fibrosis after MI, and genes associated with EndMT were also upregulated. An in vitro model of EndMT demonstrated that TNF-α promoted EndMT by upregulation of vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin, and which strongly increased ET-1 expression. ET-1 promoted TNF-α-induced expression of gene program through phosphorylation levels of SMAD family member 2, while subsequent inhibition of ET-1 almost abolished the effect of TNF-α during the process of EndMT. In summary, these findings demonstrated that ET-1 is involved in the EndMT induced by TNF-α during cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Hu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jihong Huang
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Sun
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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33
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Ala M. The beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes on myocardial infarction and critical considerations for enhancing their efficacy. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 89:101980. [PMID: 37302757 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells with regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. MSCs and their exosomes significantly improved structural and functional alterations after myocardial infarction (MI) in preclinical studies and clinical trials. By reprograming intracellular signaling pathways, MSCs attenuate inflammatory response, oxidative stress, apoptosis, pyroptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and improve angiogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and myocardial remodeling after MI. MSC-derived exosomes contain a mixture of non-coding RNAs, growth factors, anti-inflammatory mediators, and anti-fibrotic factors. Although primary results from clinical trials were promising, greater efficacies can be achieved by controlling several modifiable factors. The optimum timing of transplantation, route of administration, origin of MSCs, number of doses, and number of cells per dose need to be further investigated by future studies. Newly, highly effective MSC delivery systems have been developed to improve the efficacy of MSCs and their exosomes. Moreover, MSCs can be more efficacious after being pretreated with non-coding RNAs, growth factors, anti-inflammatory or inflammatory mediators, and hypoxia. Similarly, viral vector-mediated overexpression of particular genes can augment the protective effects of MSCs on MI. Therefore, future clinical trials must consider these advances in preclinical studies to properly reflect the efficacy of MSCs or their exosomes for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Ala
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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34
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Kore RA, Jenkins SV, Jamshidi-Parsian A, Tackett AJ, Griffin RJ, Ayyadevara S, Mehta JL. Proteomic analysis of transcription factors involved in the alteration of ischemic mouse heart as modulated by MSC exosomes. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 34:101463. [PMID: 37125076 PMCID: PMC10130341 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) exosomes have been found to attenuate cardiac systolic and diastolic dysfunction in animal models of ischemia. Exosomes carry a plethora of active and inactive proteins as their cargo, which are readily available to the recipient cell for use in intracellular signaling pathways-depending on the stresses, such as ischemia or hypoxia. Among the exosomal proteins are the often-overlooked cargo of transcriptional regulators. These transcriptional regulators influence the transcriptome and subsequently the proteome of recipient cell. Here, we report the transcriptional factors and regulators differentially modulated and their potential role in modulating cardiac function in MSC exosome treated ischemic mice hearts. Our analysis shows ischemic stress modulating transcriptional regulators and factors such as HSF1 and HIF1A in the infarct and peri-infarct areas of ischemic hearts which is mitigated by MSC exosomes. Similarly, STAT3 and SMAD3 are also modulated by MSC exosomes. Interestingly, NOTCH1 and β-catenin were detected in the ischemic hearts. The differential expression of these regulators and factors drives changes in various biological process governed in the ischemic cardiac cells. We believe these studies will advance our understanding of cardiac dysfunction occurring in the ischemic hearts and lay the groundwork for further studies on the modulation of cardiac function during ischemia by MSC exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajshekhar A. Kore
- Division of Cardiology, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Samir V. Jenkins
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Azemat Jamshidi-Parsian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Alan J. Tackett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Robert J. Griffin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Srinivas Ayyadevara
- Department of Geriatrics, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Jawahar L. Mehta
- Division of Cardiology, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
- Corresponding author.
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35
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Neuber S, Ermer MR, Emmert MY, Nazari-Shafti TZ. Treatment of Cardiac Fibrosis with Extracellular Vesicles: What Is Missing for Clinical Translation? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10480. [PMID: 37445658 PMCID: PMC10342089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality and currently affects more than 60 million people worldwide. A key feature in the pathogenesis of almost all forms of heart failure is cardiac fibrosis, which is characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components in the heart. Although cardiac fibrosis is beneficial in the short term after acute myocardial injury to preserve the structural and functional integrity of the heart, persistent cardiac fibrosis contributes to pathological cardiac remodeling, leading to mechanical and electrical dysfunction of the heart. Despite its high prevalence, standard therapies specifically targeting cardiac fibrosis are not yet available. Cell-based approaches have been extensively studied as potential treatments for cardiac fibrosis, but several challenges have been identified during clinical translation. The observation that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from stem and progenitor cells exhibit some of the therapeutic effects of the parent cells has paved the way to overcome limitations associated with cell therapy. However, to make EV-based products a reality, standardized methods for EV production, isolation, characterization, and storage must be established, along with concrete evidence of their safety and efficacy in clinical trials. This article discusses EVs as novel therapeutics for cardiac fibrosis from a translational perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Neuber
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (M.R.E.); (M.Y.E.); (T.Z.N.-S.)
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Miriam R. Ermer
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (M.R.E.); (M.Y.E.); (T.Z.N.-S.)
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maximilian Y. Emmert
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (M.R.E.); (M.Y.E.); (T.Z.N.-S.)
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, 8044 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Timo Z. Nazari-Shafti
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), 13353 Berlin, Germany; (M.R.E.); (M.Y.E.); (T.Z.N.-S.)
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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36
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Ma X, Meng Q, Gong S, Shi S, Liang X, Lin F, Gong L, Liu X, Li Y, Li M, Wei L, Han W, Gao L, Liu Z, Zhou X. IL-27 promotes cardiac fibroblast activation and aggravates cardiac remodeling post myocardial infarction. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17099. [PMID: 37441391 PMCID: PMC10333439 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive and chronic inflammation post myocardial infarction (MI) causes cardiac fibrosis and progressive ventricular remodeling, which leads to heart failure. We previously found high levels of IL-27 in the heart and serum until day 14 in murine cardiac ischemia‒reperfusion injury models. However, whether IL-27 is involved in chronic inflammation-mediated ventricular remodeling remains unclear. In the present study, we found that MI triggered high IL-27 expression in murine cardiac macrophages. The increased expression of IL-27 in serum is correlated with cardiac dysfunction and aggravated fibrosis after MI. Furthermore, the addition of IL-27 significantly activated the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). Meanwhile, IL-27 treatment promoted the proliferation, migration and extracellular matrix (ECM) production of CFs induced by angiotensin II (Ang II). Collectively, high levels of IL-27 mainly produced by cardiac macrophages post MI contribute to the activation of CFs and aggravate cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Ma
- Shanghai East Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Qingshu Meng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Shiyu Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Shanshan Shi
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xiaoting Liang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Fang Lin
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Li Gong
- Shanghai East Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yinzhen Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Mimi Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Lu Wei
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Heart Failure, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Leng Gao
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, PR China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai, 200120, China
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Baggett BC, Murphy KR, Sengun E, Mi E, Cao Y, Turan NN, Lu Y, Schofield L, Kim TY, Kabakov AY, Bronk P, Qu Z, Camelliti P, Dubielecka P, Terentyev D, del Monte F, Choi BR, Sedivy J, Koren G. Myofibroblast senescence promotes arrhythmogenic remodeling in the aged infarcted rabbit heart. eLife 2023; 12:e84088. [PMID: 37204302 PMCID: PMC10259375 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive tissue remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) promotes cardiac arrhythmias. This process is well studied in young animals, but little is known about pro-arrhythmic changes in aged animals. Senescent cells accumulate with age and accelerate age-associated diseases. Senescent cells interfere with cardiac function and outcome post-MI with age, but studies have not been performed in larger animals, and the mechanisms are unknown. Specifically, age-associated changes in timecourse of senescence and related changes in inflammation and fibrosis are not well understood. Additionally, the cellular and systemic role of senescence and its inflammatory milieu in influencing arrhythmogenesis with age is not clear, particularly in large animal models with cardiac electrophysiology more similar to humans than previously studied animal models. Here, we investigated the role of senescence in regulating inflammation, fibrosis, and arrhythmogenesis in young and aged infarcted rabbits. Aged rabbits exhibited increased peri-procedural mortality and arrhythmogenic electrophysiological remodeling at the infarct border zone (IBZ) compared to young rabbits. Studies of the aged infarct zone revealed persistent myofibroblast senescence and increased inflammatory signaling over a 12-week timecourse. Senescent IBZ myofibroblasts in aged rabbits appear to be coupled to myocytes, and our computational modeling showed that senescent myofibroblast-cardiomyocyte coupling prolongs action potential duration (APD) and facilitates conduction block permissive of arrhythmias. Aged infarcted human ventricles show levels of senescence consistent with aged rabbits, and senescent myofibroblasts also couple to IBZ myocytes. Our findings suggest that therapeutic interventions targeting senescent cells may mitigate arrhythmias post-MI with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett C Baggett
- Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceUnited States
| | - Kevin R Murphy
- Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceUnited States
| | - Elif Sengun
- Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceUnited States
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Istanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Eric Mi
- Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceUnited States
| | - Yueming Cao
- Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceUnited States
| | - Nilufer N Turan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceUnited States
| | - Yichun Lu
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceUnited States
| | - Lorraine Schofield
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceUnited States
| | - Tae Yun Kim
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceUnited States
| | - Anatoli Y Kabakov
- Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceUnited States
| | - Peter Bronk
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceUnited States
| | - Zhilin Qu
- School of Medicine, University of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Patrizia Camelliti
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of SurreyGuildfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Patrycja Dubielecka
- Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
- Department of Hematology, Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceUnited States
| | - Dmitry Terentyev
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceUnited States
| | | | - Bum-Rak Choi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceUnited States
| | | | - Gideon Koren
- Brown UniversityProvidenceUnited States
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceUnited States
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Samidurai A, Saravanan M, Ockaili R, Kraskauskas D, Lau SYV, Kodali V, Ramasamy S, Bhoopathi K, Nair M, Roh SK, Kukreja RC, Das A. Single-Dose Treatment with Rapamycin Preserves Post-Ischemic Cardiac Function through Attenuation of Fibrosis and Inflammation in Diabetic Rabbit. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8998. [PMID: 37240345 PMCID: PMC10218967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Robust activation of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling in diabetes exacerbates myocardial injury following lethal ischemia due to accelerated cardiomyocyte death with cardiac remodeling and inflammatory responses. We examined the effect of rapamycin (RAPA, mTOR inhibitor) on cardiac remodeling and inflammation following myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in diabetic rabbits. Diabetic rabbits (DM) were subjected to 45 min of ischemia and 10 days of reperfusion by inflating/deflating a previously implanted hydraulic balloon occluder. RAPA (0.25 mg/kg, i.v.) or DMSO (vehicle) was infused 5 min before the onset of reperfusion. Post-I/R left ventricular (LV) function was assessed by echocardiography and fibrosis was evaluated by picrosirius red staining. Treatment with RAPA preserved LV ejection fraction and reduced fibrosis. Immunoblot and real-time PCR revealed that RAPA treatment inhibited several fibrosis markers (TGF-β, Galectin-3, MYH, p-SMAD). Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining revealed the attenuation of post-I/R NLRP3-inflammasome formation with RAPA treatment as shown by reduced aggregation of apoptosis speck-like protein with a caspase recruitment domain and active-form of caspase-1 in cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, our study suggests that acute reperfusion therapy with RAPA may be a viable strategy to preserve cardiac function with the alleviation of adverse post-infarct myocardial remodeling and inflammation in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rakesh C. Kukreja
- Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (A.S.)
| | - Anindita Das
- Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (A.S.)
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Jian Y, Zhou X, Shan W, Chen C, Ge W, Cui J, Yi W, Sun Y. Crosstalk between macrophages and cardiac cells after myocardial infarction. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:109. [PMID: 37170235 PMCID: PMC10173491 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01105-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction (MI), are a leading cause of death worldwide. Acute MI (AMI) inflicts massive injury to the coronary microcirculation, causing large-scale cardiomyocyte death due to ischemia and hypoxia. Inflammatory cells such as monocytes and macrophages migrate to the damaged area to clear away dead cells post-MI. Macrophages are pleiotropic cells of the innate immune system, which play an essential role in the initial inflammatory response that occurs following MI, inducing subsequent damage and facilitating recovery. Besides their recognized role within the immune response, macrophages participate in crosstalk with other cells (including cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, immune cells, and vascular endothelial cells) to coordinate post-MI processes within cardiac tissue. Macrophage-secreted exosomes have recently attracted increasing attention, which has led to a more elaborate understanding of macrophage function. Currently, the functional roles of macrophages in the microenvironment of the infarcted heart, particularly with regard to their interaction with surrounding cells, remain unclear. Understanding the specific mechanisms that mediate this crosstalk is essential in treating MI. In this review, we discuss the origin of macrophages, changes in their distribution post-MI, phenotypic and functional plasticity, as well as the specific signaling pathways involved, with a focus on the crosstalk with other cells in the heart. Thus, we provide a new perspective on the treatment of MI. Further in-depth research is required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying crosstalk between macrophages and other cells within cardiac tissue for the identification of potential therapeutic targets. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Jian
- Department of General Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenju Shan
- Department of General Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of General Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Department of General Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Wei Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of General Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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40
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Rossin D, Vanni R, Lo Iacono M, Cristallini C, Giachino C, Rastaldo R. APJ as Promising Therapeutic Target of Peptide Analogues in Myocardial Infarction- and Hypertension-Induced Heart Failure. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051408. [PMID: 37242650 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The widely expressed G protein-coupled apelin receptor (APJ) is activated by two bioactive endogenous peptides, apelin and ELABELA (ELA). The apelin/ELA-APJ-related pathway has been found involved in the regulation of many physiological and pathological cardiovascular processes. Increasing studies are deepening the role of the APJ pathway in limiting hypertension and myocardial ischaemia, thus reducing cardiac fibrosis and adverse tissue remodelling, outlining APJ regulation as a potential therapeutic target for heart failure prevention. However, the low plasma half-life of native apelin and ELABELA isoforms lowered their potential for pharmacological applications. In recent years, many research groups focused their attention on studying how APJ ligand modifications could affect receptor structure and dynamics as well as its downstream signalling. This review summarises the novel insights regarding the role of APJ-related pathways in myocardial infarction and hypertension. Furthermore, recent progress in designing synthetic compounds or analogues of APJ ligands able to fully activate the apelinergic pathway is reported. Determining how to exogenously regulate the APJ activation could help to outline a promising therapy for cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rossin
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Roberto Vanni
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Marco Lo Iacono
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Caterina Cristallini
- Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes, IPCF ss Pisa, CNR, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Giachino
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Rastaldo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
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41
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Mehdipour M, Park S, Huang GN. Unlocking cardiomyocyte renewal potential for myocardial regeneration therapy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 177:9-20. [PMID: 36801396 PMCID: PMC10699255 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Cardiomyocytes are irreversibly lost due to cardiac ischemia secondary to disease. This leads to increased cardiac fibrosis, poor contractility, cardiac hypertrophy, and subsequent life-threatening heart failure. Adult mammalian hearts exhibit notoriously low regenerative potential, further compounding the calamities described above. Neonatal mammalian hearts, on the other hand, display robust regenerative capacities. Lower vertebrates such as zebrafish and salamanders retain the ability to replenish lost cardiomyocytes throughout life. It is critical to understand the varying mechanisms that are responsible for these differences in cardiac regeneration across phylogeny and ontogeny. Adult mammalian cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest and polyploidization have been proposed as major barriers to heart regeneration. Here we review current models about why adult mammalian cardiac regenerative potential is lost including changes in environmental oxygen levels, acquisition of endothermy, complex immune system development, and possible cancer risk tradeoffs. We also discuss recent progress and highlight conflicting reports pertaining to extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways that control cardiomyocyte proliferation and polyploidization in growth and regeneration. Uncovering the physiological brakes of cardiac regeneration could illuminate novel molecular targets and offer promising therapeutic strategies to treat heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melod Mehdipour
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Bakar Aging Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sangsoon Park
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Bakar Aging Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Guo N Huang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Bakar Aging Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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42
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Mendiola EA, Neelakantan S, Xiang Q, Merchant S, Li K, Hsu EW, Dixon RAF, Vanderslice P, Avazmohammadi R. Contractile Adaptation of the Left Ventricle Post-myocardial Infarction: Predictions by Rodent-Specific Computational Modeling. Ann Biomed Eng 2023; 51:846-863. [PMID: 36394778 PMCID: PMC10023390 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-022-03102-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) results in cardiac myocyte death and the formation of a fibrotic scar in the left ventricular free wall (LVFW). Following an acute MI, LVFW remodeling takes place consisting of several alterations in the structure and properties of cellular and extracellular components with a heterogeneous pattern across the LVFW. The normal function of the heart is strongly influenced by the passive and active biomechanical behavior of the LVFW, and progressive myocardial structural remodeling can have a detrimental effect on both diastolic and systolic functions of the LV leading to heart failure. Despite important advances in understanding LVFW passive remodeling in the setting of MI, heterogeneous remodeling in the LVFW active properties and its relationship to organ-level LV function remain understudied. To address these gaps, we developed high-fidelity finite-element (FE) rodent computational cardiac models (RCCMs) of MI using extensive datasets from MI rat hearts representing the heart remodeling from one-week (1-wk) to four-week (4-wk) post-MI timepoints. The rat-specific models (n = 2 for each timepoint) integrate detailed imaging data of the heart geometry, myocardial fiber architecture, and infarct zone determined using late gadolinium enhancement prior to terminal measurements. The computational models predicted a significantly higher level of active tension in remote myocardium in early post-MI hearts (1-wk post-MI) followed by a return to near the control level in late-stage MI (3- and 4-wk post-MI). The late-stage MI rats showed smaller myofiber ranges in the remote region and in-silico experiments using RCCMs suggested that the smaller fiber helicity is consistent with lower contractile forces needed to meet the measured ejection fractions in late-stage MI. In contrast, in-silico experiments predicted that collagen fiber transmural orientation in the infarct region has little influence on organ-level function. In addition, our MI RCCMs indicated that reduced and potentially positive circumferential strains in the infarct region at end-systole can be used to infer information about the time-varying properties of the infarct region. The detailed description of regional passive and active remodeling patterns can complement and enhance the traditional measures of LV anatomy and function that often lead to a gross and limited assessment of cardiac performance. The translation and implementation of our model in patient-specific organ-level simulations offer to advance the investigation of individualized prognosis and intervention for MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio A Mendiola
- Computational Cardiovascular Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Sunder Neelakantan
- Computational Cardiovascular Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Qian Xiang
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Samer Merchant
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Edward W Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Richard A F Dixon
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter Vanderslice
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Reza Avazmohammadi
- Computational Cardiovascular Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
- J. Mike Walker '66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
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Ginsenoside Re inhibits myocardial fibrosis by regulating miR-489/myd88/NF-κB pathway. J Ginseng Res 2023; 47:218-227. [PMID: 36926602 PMCID: PMC10014187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is an advanced pathological manifestation of many cardiovascular diseases, which can induce heart failure and malignant arrhythmias. However, the current treatment of MF lacks specific drugs. Ginsenoside Re has anti-MF effect in rat, but its mechanism is still not clear. Therefore, we investigated the anti-MF effect of ginsenoside Re by constructing mouse acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model and AngⅡ induced cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) model. Methods The anti-MF effect of miR-489 was investigated by transfection of miR-489 mimic and inhibitor in CFs. Effect of ginsenoside Re on MF and its related mechanisms were investigated by ultrasonographic, ELISA, histopathologic staining, transwell test, immunofluorescence, Western blot and qPCR in the mouse model of AMI and the AngⅡ-induced CFs model. Results MiR-489 decreased the expression of α-SMA, collagenⅠ, collagen Ⅲ and myd88, and inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in normal CFs and CFs treated with AngⅡ. Ginsenoside Re could improve cardiac function, inhibit collagen deposition and CFs migration, promote the transcription of miR-489, and reduce the expression of myd88 and the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65. Conclusion MiR-489 can effectively inhibit the pathological process of MF, and the mechanism is at least partly related to the regulation of myd88/NF-κB pathway. Ginsenoside Re can ameliorate AMI and AngⅡ induced MF, and the mechanism is at least partially related to the regulation of miR-489/myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, miR-489 may be a potential target of anti-MF and ginsenoside Re may be an effective drug for the treatment of MF.
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Plotnikov MB, Chernysheva GA, Smol’yakova VI, Aliev OI, Fomina TI, Sandrikina LA, Sukhodolo IV, Ivanova VV, Osipenko AN, Anfinogenova ND, Khlebnikov AI, Atochin DN, Schepetkin IA, Quinn MT. Cardioprotective Effects of a Selective c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Inhibitor in a Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction. Biomedicines 2023; 11:714. [PMID: 36979693 PMCID: PMC10044897 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) is involved in myocardial injury, left ventricular remodeling (LV), and heart failure (HF) after myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of a selective JNK inhibitor, 11H-indeno [1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one oxime (IQ-1), on myocardial injury and acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in adult male Wistar rats. Intraperitoneal administration of IQ-1 (25 mg/kg daily for 5 days) resulted in a significant decrease in myocardial infarct size on day 5 after MI. On day 60 after MI, a significant (2.6-fold) decrease in LV scar size, a 2.2-fold decrease in the size of the LV cavity, a 2.9-fold decrease in the area of mature connective tissue, and a 1.7-fold decrease in connective tissue in the interventricular septum were observed compared with the control group. The improved contractile function of the heart resulted in a significant (33%) increase in stroke size, a 40% increase in cardiac output, a 12% increase in LV systolic pressure, a 28% increase in the LV maximum rate of pressure rise, a 45% increase in the LV maximum rate of pressure drop, a 29% increase in the contractility index, a 14% increase in aortic pressure, a 2.7-fold decrease in LV end-diastolic pressure, and a 4.2-fold decrease in LV minimum pressure. We conclude that IQ-1 has cardioprotective activity and reduces the severity of HF after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark B. Plotnikov
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634028 Tomsk, Russia
- Faculty of Radiophysics, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Galina A. Chernysheva
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634028 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vera I. Smol’yakova
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634028 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Oleg I. Aliev
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634028 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Tatyana I. Fomina
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634028 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Lyubov A. Sandrikina
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634028 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Irina V. Sukhodolo
- Department of Morphology and General Pathology, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vera V. Ivanova
- Department of Morphology and General Pathology, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anton N. Osipenko
- Department of Pharmacology, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nina D. Anfinogenova
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634012 Tomsk, Russia
| | | | - Dmitriy N. Atochin
- Kizhner Research Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02115, USA
| | - Igor A. Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Mark T. Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
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45
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Cai S, Zhao M, Zhou B, Yoshii A, Bugg D, Villet O, Sahu A, Olson GS, Davis J, Tian R. Mitochondrial dysfunction in macrophages promotes inflammation and suppresses repair after myocardial infarction. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e159498. [PMID: 36480284 PMCID: PMC9927948 DOI: 10.1172/jci159498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune cells play important roles in tissue injury and repair following acute myocardial infarction (MI). Although reprogramming of macrophage metabolism has been observed during inflammation and resolution phases, the mechanistic link to macrophage phenotype is not fully understood. In this study, we found that myeloid-specific deletion (mKO) of mitochondrial complex I protein, encoded by Ndufs4, reproduced the proinflammatory metabolic profile in macrophages and exaggerated the response to LPS. Moreover, mKO mice showed increased mortality, poor scar formation, and worsened cardiac function 30 days after MI. We observed a greater inflammatory response in mKO mice on day 1 followed by increased cell death of infiltrating macrophages and blunted transition to the reparative phase during post-MI days 3-7. Efferocytosis was impaired in mKO macrophages, leading to lower expression of antiinflammatory cytokines and tissue repair factors, which suppressed the proliferation and activation of myofibroblasts in the infarcted area. Mitochondria-targeted ROS scavenging rescued these impairments, improved myofibroblast function in vivo, and reduced post-MI mortality in mKO mice. Together these results reveal a critical role of mitochondria in inflammation resolution and tissue repair via modulation of efferocytosis and crosstalk with fibroblasts. These findings have potential significance for post-MI recovery as well as for other inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Cai
- Center for Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine and
| | - Mingyue Zhao
- Center for Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine and
| | - Bo Zhou
- Center for Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine and
| | - Akira Yoshii
- Center for Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine and
| | - Darrian Bugg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Outi Villet
- Center for Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine and
| | - Anita Sahu
- Center for Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine and
| | - Gregory S. Olson
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jennifer Davis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Rong Tian
- Center for Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine and
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Sacristán-Gómez P, Serrano-Somavilla A, Castro-Espadas L, Sánchez de la Blanca Carrero N, Sampedro-Núñez M, Muñoz-De-Nova JL, Molina-Jiménez F, Rosell A, Marazuela M, Martínez-Hernández R. Evaluation of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Markers in Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3359. [PMID: 36834770 PMCID: PMC9965822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A state of chronic inflammation is common in organs affected by autoimmune disorders, such as autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). Epithelial cells, such as thyroid follicular cells (TFCs), can experience a total or partial transition to a mesenchymal phenotype under these conditions. One of the major cytokines involved in this phenomenon is transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), which, at the initial stages of autoimmune disorders, plays an immunosuppressive role. However, at chronic stages, TGF- β contributes to fibrosis and/or transition to mesenchymal phenotypes. The importance of primary cilia (PC) has grown in recent decades as they have been shown to play a key role in cell signaling and maintaining cell structure and function as mechanoreceptors. Deficiencies of PC can trigger epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and exacerbate autoimmune diseases. A set of EMT markers (E-cadherin, vimentin, α-SMA, and fibronectin) were evaluated in thyroid tissues from AITD patients and controls through RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and western blot (WB). We established an in vitro TGF-β-stimulation assay in a human thyroid cell line to assess EMT and PC disruption. EMT markers were evaluated in this model using RT-qPCR and WB, and PC was evaluated with a time-course immunofluorescence assay. We found an increased expression of the mesenchymal markers α-SMA and fibronectin in TFCs in the thyroid glands of AITD patients. Furthermore, E-cadherin expression was maintained in these patients compared to the controls. The TGF-β-stimulation assay showed an increase in EMT markers, including vimentin, α-SMA, and fibronectin in thyroid cells, as well as a disruption of PC. The TFCs from the AITD patients experienced a partial transition to a mesenchymal phenotype, preserving epithelial characteristics associated with a disruption in PC, which might contribute to AITD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Sacristán-Gómez
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER GCV14/ER/12), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Serrano-Somavilla
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER GCV14/ER/12), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lía Castro-Espadas
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Sánchez de la Blanca Carrero
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER GCV14/ER/12), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Sampedro-Núñez
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER GCV14/ER/12), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Muñoz-De-Nova
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Molina-Jiménez
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Rosell
- Pathology Unit, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Marazuela
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER GCV14/ER/12), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Martínez-Hernández
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER GCV14/ER/12), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Alcorcón, 28925 Madrid, Spain
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McKinsey TA, Foo R, Anene-Nzelu CG, Travers JG, Vagnozzi RJ, Weber N, Thum T. Emerging epigenetic therapies of cardiac fibrosis and remodelling in heart failure: from basic mechanisms to early clinical development. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 118:3482-3498. [PMID: 36004821 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases and specifically heart failure (HF) impact global health and impose a significant economic burden on society. Despite current advances in standard of care, the risks for death and readmission of HF patients remain unacceptably high and new therapeutic strategies to limit HF progression are highly sought. In disease settings, persistent mechanical or neurohormonal stress to the myocardium triggers maladaptive cardiac remodelling, which alters cardiac function and structure at both the molecular and cellular levels. The progression and magnitude of maladaptive cardiac remodelling ultimately leads to the development of HF. Classical therapies for HF are largely protein-based and mostly are targeted to ameliorate the dysregulation of neuroendocrine pathways and halt adverse remodelling. More recently, investigation of novel molecular targets and the application of cellular therapies, epigenetic modifications, and regulatory RNAs has uncovered promising new avenues to address HF. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on novel cellular and epigenetic therapies and focus on two non-coding RNA-based strategies that reached the phase of early clinical development to counteract cardiac remodelling and HF. The current status of the development of translating those novel therapies to clinical practice, limitations, and future perspectives are additionally discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy A McKinsey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E.19th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045-2507, USA
| | - Roger Foo
- NUHS Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, 117599 Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, 117599 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chukwuemeka George Anene-Nzelu
- NUHS Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, 117599 Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre, 14 Medical Drive, Level 8, 117599 Singapore, Singapore.,Montreal Heart Institute, 5000 Rue Belanger, H1T 1C8, Montreal, Canada
| | - Joshua G Travers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E.19th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045-2507, USA
| | - Ronald J Vagnozzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E.19th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045-2507, USA
| | - Natalie Weber
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Therapies, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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48
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The Carthamus tinctorius L. and Lepidium apetalum Willd. Drug Pair Inhibits EndMT through the TGF β1/Snail Signaling Pathway in the Treatment of Myocardial Fibrosis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:6018375. [PMID: 36686974 PMCID: PMC9851799 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6018375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is an essential pathological factor for heart failure. Previous studies have shown that the combination of Carthamus tinctorius L. and Lepidium apetalum Willd. (C-L), two types of Chinese herbal medicine, can ameliorate MF after myocardial infarction (MI) in rats and inhibit the activation of myocardial fibroblasts. However, the mechanism of C-L in the treatment of MF remains unclear. Methods A rat model of MF with left anterior descending coronary ligation-induced MI was first established. Then, the effects of C-L on cardiac function, MF, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) were evaluated by the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels, Masson's trichrome staining, and immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. Next, a hypoxia-induced cardiac microvascular endothelial cell (CMEC) model was established to observe the effects of C-L on EndMT. The supernatant of CMECs was collected and used to culture cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and observe the effects of CMEC paracrine factors on CFs. Results Animal experiments indicated that C-L improves the cardiac function of rats after MI, inhibits the progression of EndMT and MF, and downregulates TGFβ1, Snail, and CTGF expression. Cell experiments showed that drug-loaded serum containing C-L inhibits the EndMT of CMECs under hypoxic conditions. The culture supernatant of CMECs grown under hypoxic conditions significantly activated CFs. After treatment with C-L, the activating factor for CFs in hypoxic CMEC culture supernatant was substantially downregulated, and the effect of the culture supernatant on CF activation was also reduced. However, TGFβ1 agonists inhibited the effects of C-L on CMECs and CFs. Conclusion Our data demonstrated that by regulating the TGFβ1/Snail pathway, C-L inhibits EndMT of CMECs and reduces the release of CF-activating factors in cells undergoing EndMT.
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49
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Irnaten M, O’Brien CJ. Calcium-Signalling in Human Glaucoma Lamina Cribrosa Myofibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021287. [PMID: 36674805 PMCID: PMC9862249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is one of the most common causes of treatable visual impairment in the developed world, affecting approximately 64 million people worldwide, some of whom will be bilaterally blind from irreversible optic nerve damage. The optic nerve head is a key site of damage in glaucoma where there is fibrosis of the connective tissue in the lamina cribrosa (LC) extracellular matrix. As a ubiquitous second messenger, calcium (Ca2+) can interact with various cellular proteins to regulate multiple physiological processes and contribute to a wide range of diseases, including cancer, fibrosis, and glaucoma. Our research has shown evidence of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, an elevated expression of Ca2+ entry channels, Ca2+-dependent pumps and exchangers, and an abnormal rise in cytosolic Ca2+ in human glaucomatous LC fibroblast cells. We have evidence that this increase is dependent on Ca2+ entry channels located in the plasma membrane, and its release is from internal stores in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), as well as from the mitochondria. Here, we summarize some of the molecular Ca2+-dependent mechanisms related to this abnormal Ca2+-signalling in human glaucoma LC cells, with a view toward identifying potential therapeutic targets for ongoing optic neuropathy.
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50
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Rubino M, Travers JG, Headrick AL, Enyart BT, Lemieux ME, Cavasin MA, Schwisow JA, Hardy EJ, Kaltenbacher KJ, Felisbino MB, Jonas E, Ambardekar AV, Bristow MR, Koch KA, McKinsey TA. Inhibition of Eicosanoid Degradation Mitigates Fibrosis of the Heart. Circ Res 2023; 132:10-29. [PMID: 36475698 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organ fibrosis due to excessive production of extracellular matrix by resident fibroblasts is estimated to contribute to >45% of deaths in the Western world, including those due to cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure. Here, we screened for small molecule inhibitors with a common ability to suppress activation of fibroblasts across organ systems. METHODS High-content imaging of cultured cardiac, pulmonary, and renal fibroblasts was used to identify nontoxic compounds that blocked induction of markers of activation in response to the profibrotic stimulus, transforming growth factor-β1. SW033291, which inhibits the eicosanoid-degrading enzyme, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase, was chosen for follow-up studies with cultured adult rat ventricular fibroblasts and human cardiac fibroblasts (CF), and for evaluation in mouse models of cardiac fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction. Additional mechanistic studies were performed with CFs treated with exogenous eicosanoids. RESULTS Nine compounds, including SW033291, shared a common ability to suppress transforming growth factor-β1-mediated activation of cardiac, pulmonary, and renal fibroblasts. SW033291 dose-dependently inhibited transforming growth factor-β1-induced expression of activation markers (eg, α-smooth muscle actin and periostin) in adult rat ventricular fibroblasts and normal human CFs, and reduced contractile capacity of the cells. Remarkably, the 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase inhibitor also reversed constitutive activation of fibroblasts obtained from explanted hearts from patients with heart failure. SW033291 blocked cardiac fibrosis induced by angiotensin II infusion and ameliorated diastolic dysfunction in an alternative model of systemic hypertension driven by combined uninephrectomy and deoxycorticosterone acetate administration. Mechanistically, SW033291-mediated stimulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling was required for the compound to block CF activation. Of the 12 exogenous eicosanoids that were tested, only 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, which signals through the G protein-coupled receptor, GPR31, recapitulated the suppressive effects of SW033291 on CF activation. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of degradation of eicosanoids, arachidonic acid-derived fatty acids that signal through G protein-coupled receptors, is a potential therapeutic strategy for suppression of pathological organ fibrosis. In the heart, we propose that 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase inhibition triggers CF-derived autocrine/paracrine signaling by eicosanoids, including 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, to stimulate extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and block conversion of fibroblasts into activated cells that secrete excessive amounts of extracellular matrix and contribute to heart failure pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Rubino
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., J.A.S., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., E.J., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.).,Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.)
| | - Joshua G Travers
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., J.A.S., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., E.J., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.).,Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.)
| | - Alaina L Headrick
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., J.A.S., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., E.J., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.).,Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.)
| | - Blake T Enyart
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., J.A.S., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., E.J., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.).,Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.)
| | | | - Maria A Cavasin
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., J.A.S., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., E.J., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.).,Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.)
| | - Jessica A Schwisow
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., J.A.S., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., E.J., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.)
| | - Elizabeth J Hardy
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., J.A.S., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., E.J., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.).,Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.)
| | - Keenan J Kaltenbacher
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., J.A.S., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., E.J., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.).,Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.)
| | - Marina B Felisbino
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., J.A.S., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., E.J., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.).,Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.)
| | - Eric Jonas
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., J.A.S., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., E.J., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.)
| | - Amrut V Ambardekar
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., J.A.S., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., E.J., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.).,Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.)
| | - Michael R Bristow
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., J.A.S., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., E.J., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.).,Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.)
| | - Keith A Koch
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., J.A.S., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., E.J., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.).,Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.)
| | - Timothy A McKinsey
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., J.A.S., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., E.J., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.).,Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (M.R., J.G.T., A.L.H., B.T.E., M.A.C., E.J.H., K.J.K., M.B.F., A.V.A., M.R.B., K.A.K., T.A.M.)
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