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Jorba I, Gussenhoven S, van der Pol A, Groenen BG, van Zon M, Goumans MJ, Kurniawan NA, Ristori T, Bouten CV. Steering cell orientation through light-based spatiotemporal modulation of the mechanical environment. Biofabrication 2024; 16:035011. [PMID: 38574554 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad3aa6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The anisotropic organization of cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) is essential for the physiological function of numerous biological tissues, including the myocardium. This organization changes gradually in space and time, during disease progression such as myocardial infarction. The role of mechanical stimuli has been demonstrated to be essential in obtaining, maintaining and de-railing this organization, but the underlying mechanisms are scarcely known. To enable the study of the mechanobiological mechanisms involved,in vitrotechniques able to spatiotemporally control the multiscale tissue mechanical environment are thus necessary. Here, by using light-sensitive materials combined with light-illumination techniques, we fabricated 2D and 3Din vitromodel systems exposing cells to multiscale, spatiotemporally resolved stiffness anisotropies. Specifically, spatial stiffness anisotropies spanning from micron-sized (cellular) to millimeter-sized (tissue) were achieved. Moreover, the light-sensitive materials allowed to introduce the stiffness anisotropies at defined timepoints (hours) after cell seeding, facilitating the study of their temporal effects on cell and tissue orientation. The systems were tested using cardiac fibroblasts (cFBs), which are known to be crucial for the remodeling of anisotropic cardiac tissue. We observed that 2D stiffness micropatterns induced cFBs anisotropic alignment, independent of the stimulus timing, but dependent on the micropattern spacing. cFBs exhibited organized alignment also in response to 3D stiffness macropatterns, dependent on the stimulus timing and temporally followed by (slower) ECM co-alignment. In conclusion, the developed model systems allow improved fundamental understanding of the underlying mechanobiological factors that steer cell and ECM orientation, such as stiffness guidance and boundary constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignasi Jorba
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sil Gussenhoven
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Atze van der Pol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Gw Groenen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten van Zon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marie José Goumans
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nicholas A Kurniawan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tommaso Ristori
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn Vc Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Bril M, Saberi A, Jorba I, van Turnhout MC, Sahlgren CM, Bouten CV, Schenning AP, Kurniawan NA. Shape-Morphing Photoresponsive Hydrogels Reveal Dynamic Topographical Conditioning of Fibroblasts. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2303136. [PMID: 37740666 PMCID: PMC10625123 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular environment defines a physical boundary condition with which cells interact. However, to date, cell response to geometrical environmental cues is largely studied in static settings, which fails to capture the spatiotemporally varying cues cells receive in native tissues. Here, a photoresponsive spiropyran-based hydrogel is presented as a dynamic, cell-compatible, and reconfigurable substrate. Local stimulation with blue light (455 nm) alters hydrogel swelling, resulting in on-demand reversible micrometer-scale changes in surface topography within 15 min, allowing investigation into cell response to controlled geometry actuations. At short term (1 h after actuation), fibroblasts respond to multiple rounds of recurring topographical changes by reorganizing their nucleus and focal adhesions (FA). FAs form primarily at the dynamic regions of the hydrogel; however, this propensity is abolished when the topography is reconfigured from grooves to pits, demonstrating that topographical changes dynamically condition fibroblasts. Further, this dynamic conditioning is found to be associated with long-term (72 h) maintenance of focal adhesions and epigenetic modifications. Overall, this study offers a new approach to dissect the dynamic interplay between cells and their microenvironment and shines a new light on the cell's ability to adapt to topographical changes through FA-based mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Bril
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
| | - Aref Saberi
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
| | - Mark C. van Turnhout
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
| | - Cecilia M. Sahlgren
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Faculty of Science and EngineeringÅbo Akademi UniversityTurkuFI‐20520Finland
| | - Carlijn V.C. Bouten
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
| | - Albert P.H.J. Schenning
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Department of Chemical Engineering & ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5612 AEThe Netherlands
| | - Nicholas A. Kurniawan
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven5600 MBThe Netherlands
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Karkali K, Jorba I, Navajas D, Martin-Blanco E. Measuring ventral nerve cord stiffness in live flat-dissected Drosophila embryos by atomic force microscopy. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101901. [PMID: 36595903 PMCID: PMC9732408 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drosophila is an amenable system for addressing the mechanics of morphogenesis. We describe a workflow for characterizing the mechanical properties of its ventral nerve cord (VNC), at different developmental stages, in live, flat-dissected embryos employing atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM is performed with spherical probes, and stiffness (Young's modulus) is calculated by fitting force curves with Hertz's contact model. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Karkali et al. (2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Karkali
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 08028 Barcelona, Spain,Corresponding author
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, 08028 Barcelona, Spain,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain,Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain,Corresponding author
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, 08028 Barcelona, Spain,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain,Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enrique Martin-Blanco
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Pero M, Castells-Sala C, Alserawan L, Casani L, Juan Babot JO, Jorba I, Pérez ML, Moga E, Otero J, López-Chicón P, Badimon L, Vilarrodona Serrat A, Porta-Roda O. Comparison of a human acellular dermal matrix and a polypropylene mesh for pelvic floor reconstruction: a randomized trial study in a rabbit model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20698. [PMID: 36450745 PMCID: PMC9712341 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22190-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-absorbable polypropylene (PP) meshes have been widely used in surgical reconstruction of the pelvic floor disorders. However, they are associated with serious complications. Human acellular dermal matrices (hADM) have demonstrated safety and efficacy in reconstructive medicine, but their suitability and efficacy at vaginal level is not known. This study compares the biological performance of PP mesh and a newly developed hADM. 20 rabbits were randomized to receive the hADM graft or the PP mesh. Grafts were surgically implanted in the abdominal wall and vagina. After 180 days, grafts were explanted and evaluated. The vaginal mesh extrusion rate was higher in the PP group (33% vs. 0%, p = 0.015). Full integration of the vaginal grafts was more frequent in the hADM group, where 35% of the grafts were difficult to recognize. In the PP group, the vaginal mesh was identified in 100% of the animals (p = 0.014). In PP group, the infiltrates had a focal distribution and were mostly located in the internal part of the epithelium, while in the hADM group, the infiltrates had a diffuse distribution. Additionally, the hADM group also presented more B-lymphocytes and less T-lymphocytes. Biomechanical analysis showed that hADM had lower resistance to stress. Moreover, PP mesh stiffness and elasticity were higher. Then, hADM is associated with fewer clinical complications, as well as better tissue integration. However, it shows greater incorporation into the surrounding native tissue, especially in the vaginal location, undergoing a reduction in its biomechanical properties 6 months after implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pero
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Carrer Sant Quintí 89, 08041, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Cristina Castells-Sala
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Tissue Bank. Banc de Sang I Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leticia Alserawan
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Casani
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ignasi Jorba
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Luisa Pérez
- Barcelona Tissue Bank. Banc de Sang I Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain
- Vall Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Moga
- Department of Immunology, Hospital de La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Otero
- Biophysics and Bioengineering Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia López-Chicón
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Tissue Bank. Banc de Sang I Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Vilarrodona Serrat
- Barcelona Tissue Bank. Banc de Sang I Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain
- Vall Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Porta-Roda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitari Mútua Terrassa, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Rubies C, Batlle M, Sanz-de la Garza M, Dantas AP, Jorba I, Fernandez G, Sangüesa G, Abuli M, Brugada J, Sitges M, Navajas D, Mont L, Guasch E. Long-Term Strenuous Exercise Promotes Vascular Injury by Selectively Damaging the Tunica Media. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022; 7:681-693. [PMID: 35958697 PMCID: PMC9357576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Long-term strenuous endurance training promotes a deleterious vascular remodeling, in contrast to the beneficial effects of moderate exercise. Tunica media fibrosis, possibly mediated by miR-212, miR-132, and miR-146b down-regulation, and intrinsic vascular smooth muscle cell stiffening may contribute to aortic stiffening. Endothelial function improves in a similar intensity after moderate and strenuous training. However, in the INT group, a larger NO-mediated vasorelaxation is compensated by more intense vasoconstriction, leading to a potentially unstable balance. Strenuous exercise-induced vascular stiffening and changes in endothelial function remain after ceasing physical activity.
Moderate exercise has well-founded benefits in cardiovascular health. However, increasing, yet controversial, evidence suggests that extremely trained athletes may not be protected from cardiovascular events as much as moderately trained individuals. In our rodent model, intensive but not moderate training promoted aorta and carotid stiffening and elastic lamina ruptures, tunica media thickening of intramyocardial arteries, and an imbalance between vasoconstrictor and relaxation agents. An up-regulation of angiotensin-converter enzyme, miR-212, miR-132, and miR-146b might account for this deleterious remodeling. Most changes remained after a 4-week detraining. In conclusion, our results suggest that intensive training blunts the benefits of moderate exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cira Rubies
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Montserrat Batlle
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Sanz-de la Garza
- Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ana-Paula Dantas
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guerau Fernandez
- Bioinformatics Unit, Genetics and Molecular Medicine Service, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues Del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Gemma Sangüesa
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marc Abuli
- Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep Brugada
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Sitges
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red–Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lluís Mont
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Dr Lluís Mont, Cardiovascular Institute–Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, C/ Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Eduard Guasch
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Institut Clínic Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Address for correspondence: Dr Eduard Guasch, Cardiovascular Institute–Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, C/ Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain. @EduGuasch
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Jorba I, Mostert D, Hermans LH, van der Pol A, Kurniawan NA, Bouten CV. In Vitro Methods to Model Cardiac Mechanobiology in Health and Disease. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 27:139-151. [PMID: 33514281 PMCID: PMC7984657 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2020.0342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro cardiac modeling has taken great strides in the past decade. While most cell and engineered tissue models have focused on cell and tissue contractile function as readouts, mechanobiological cues from the cell environment that affect this function, such as matrix stiffness or organization, are less well explored. In this study, we review two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) models of cardiac function that allow for systematic manipulation or precise control of mechanobiological cues under simulated (patho)physiological conditions while acquiring multiple readouts of cell and tissue function. We summarize the cell types used in these models and highlight the importance of linking 2D and 3D models to address the multiscale organization and mechanical behavior. Finally, we provide directions on how to advance in vitro modeling for cardiac mechanobiology using next generation hydrogels that mimic mechanical and structural environmental features at different length scales and diseased cell types, along with the development of new tissue fabrication and readout techniques. Impact statement Understanding the impact of mechanobiology in cardiac (patho)physiology is essential for developing effective tissue regeneration and drug discovery strategies and requires detailed cause-effect studies. The development of three-dimensional in vitro models allows for such studies with high experimental control, while integrating knowledge from complementary cell culture models and in vivo studies for this purpose. Complemented by the use of human-induced pluripotent stem cells, with or without predisposed genetic diseases, these in vitro models will offer promising outlooks to delineate the impact of mechanobiological cues on human cardiac (patho)physiology in a dish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignasi Jorba
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Dylan Mostert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Leon H.L. Hermans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Atze van der Pol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Nicholas A. Kurniawan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V.C. Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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7
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Diaz-Espinosa AM, Link PA, Sicard D, Jorba I, Tschumperlin DJ, Haak AJ. Dopamine D1 receptor stimulates cathepsin K-dependent degradation and resorption of collagen I in lung fibroblasts. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs248278. [PMID: 33172983 PMCID: PMC7746663 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.248278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix resorption is essential to the clearance of the extracellular matrix (ECM) after normal wound healing. A disruption in these processes constitutes a main component of fibrotic diseases, characterized by excess deposition and diminished clearance of fibrillar ECM proteins, such as collagen type I. The mechanisms and stimuli regulating ECM resorption in the lung remain poorly understood. Recently, agonism of dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1), which is predominantly expressed on fibroblasts in the lung, has been shown to accelerate tissue repair and clearance of ECM following bleomycin injury in mice. Therefore, we investigated whether DRD1 receptor signaling promotes the degradation of collagen type I by lung fibroblasts. For cultured fibroblasts, we found that DRD1 agonism enhances extracellular cleavage, internalization and lysosomal degradation of collagen I mediated by cathepsin K, which results in reduced stiffness of cell-derived matrices, as measured by atomic force microscopy. In vivo agonism of DRD1 similarly enhanced fibrillar collagen degradation by fibroblasts, as assessed by tissue labeling with a collagen-hybridizing peptide. Together, these results implicate DRD1 agonism in fibroblast-mediated collagen clearance, suggesting an important role for this mechanism in fibrosis resolution.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Diaz-Espinosa
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Patrick A Link
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Delphine Sicard
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Daniel J Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Andrew J Haak
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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8
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Prat-Vidal C, Rodríguez-Gómez L, Aylagas M, Nieto-Nicolau N, Gastelurrutia P, Agustí E, Gálvez-Montón C, Jorba I, Teis A, Monguió-Tortajada M, Roura S, Vives J, Torrents-Zapata S, Coca MI, Reales L, Cámara-Rosell ML, Cediel G, Coll R, Farré R, Navajas D, Vilarrodona A, García-López J, Muñoz-Guijosa C, Querol S, Bayes-Genis A. First-in-human PeriCord cardiac bioimplant: Scalability and GMP manufacturing of an allogeneic engineered tissue graft. EBioMedicine 2020; 54:102729. [PMID: 32304998 PMCID: PMC7163319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Small cardiac tissue engineering constructs show promise for limiting post-infarct sequelae in animal models. This study sought to scale-up a 2-cm2 preclinical construct into a human-size advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMP; PeriCord), and to test it in a first-in-human implantation. Methods The PeriCord is a clinical-size (12–16 cm2) decellularised pericardial matrix colonised with human viable Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (WJ-MSCs). WJ-MSCs expanded following good manufacturing practices (GMP) met safety and quality standards regarding the number of cumulative population doublings, genomic stability, and sterility. Human decellularised pericardial scaffolds were tested for DNA content, matrix stiffness, pore size, and absence of microbiological growth. Findings PeriCord implantation was surgically performed on a large non-revascularisable scar in the inferior wall of a 63-year-old male patient. Coronary artery bypass grafting was concomitantly performed in the non-infarcted area. At implantation, the 16-cm2 pericardial scaffold contained 12·5 × 106 viable WJ-MSCs (85·4% cell viability; <0·51 endotoxin units (EU)/mL). Intraoperative PeriCord delivery was expeditious, and secured with surgical glue. The post-operative course showed non-adverse reaction to the PeriCord, without requiring host immunosuppression. The three-month clinical follow-up was uneventful, and three-month cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed ~9% reduction in scar mass in the treated area. Interpretation This preliminary report describes the development of a scalable clinical-size allogeneic PeriCord cardiac bioimplant, and its first-in-human implantation. Funding La Marató de TV3 Foundation, Government of Catalonia, Catalan Society of Cardiology, “La Caixa” Banking Foundation, Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, Institute of Health Carlos III, and the European Regional Development Fund.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Prat-Vidal
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Science Research Institute, Can Ruti Campus, Badalona, Spain; Heart Institute (iCor), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Carretera de Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Luciano Rodríguez-Gómez
- Cell Therapy Service, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Aylagas
- Cell Therapy Service, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; Transfusional Medicine Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Paloma Gastelurrutia
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Science Research Institute, Can Ruti Campus, Badalona, Spain; Heart Institute (iCor), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Carretera de Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Elba Agustí
- Barcelona Tissue Bank (BTB), Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carolina Gálvez-Montón
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Science Research Institute, Can Ruti Campus, Badalona, Spain; Heart Institute (iCor), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Carretera de Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, CIBERES, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Teis
- Heart Institute (iCor), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Carretera de Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Marta Monguió-Tortajada
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Science Research Institute, Can Ruti Campus, Badalona, Spain; REMAR-IVECAT Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Science Research Institute, Can Ruti Campus, Badalona, Spain
| | - Santiago Roura
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Science Research Institute, Can Ruti Campus, Badalona, Spain; Heart Institute (iCor), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Carretera de Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Cell Therapy Service, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Autonomous University of Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Torrents-Zapata
- Cell Therapy Service, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Isabel Coca
- Cell Therapy Service, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Reales
- Cell Therapy Service, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Luisa Cámara-Rosell
- Heart Institute (iCor), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Carretera de Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Germán Cediel
- Heart Institute (iCor), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Carretera de Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Ruth Coll
- Research and Education. Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Farré
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona-IDIBAPS-CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, CIBERES, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Vilarrodona
- Barcelona Tissue Bank (BTB), Banc de Sang i Teixits (BST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan García-López
- Research and Education. Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Muñoz-Guijosa
- Heart Institute (iCor), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Carretera de Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Sergi Querol
- Cell Therapy Service, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat, 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain; Transfusional Medicine Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- ICREC Research Program, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Science Research Institute, Can Ruti Campus, Badalona, Spain; Heart Institute (iCor), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Carretera de Canyet s/n, 08916 Badalona, Spain; CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
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9
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Garcia-Puig A, Mosquera JL, Jiménez-Delgado S, García-Pastor C, Jorba I, Navajas D, Canals F, Raya A. Proteomics Analysis of Extracellular Matrix Remodeling During Zebrafish Heart Regeneration. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:1745-1755. [PMID: 31221719 PMCID: PMC6731076 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.001193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult zebrafish, in contrast to mammals, are able to regenerate their hearts in response to injury or experimental amputation. Our understanding of the cellular and molecular bases that underlie this process, although fragmentary, has increased significantly over the last years. However, the role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) during zebrafish heart regeneration has been comparatively rarely explored. Here, we set out to characterize the ECM protein composition in adult zebrafish hearts, and whether it changed during the regenerative response. For this purpose, we first established a decellularization protocol of adult zebrafish ventricles that significantly enriched the yield of ECM proteins. We then performed proteomic analyses of decellularized control hearts and at different times of regeneration. Our results show a dynamic change in ECM protein composition, most evident at the earliest (7 days postamputation) time point analyzed. Regeneration associated with sharp increases in specific ECM proteins, and with an overall decrease in collagens and cytoskeletal proteins. We finally tested by atomic force microscopy that the changes in ECM composition translated to decreased ECM stiffness. Our cumulative results identify changes in the protein composition and mechanical properties of the zebrafish heart ECM during regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Garcia-Puig
- ‡Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona (CMRB), 3rd Floor Hospital Duran i Reynals, Avinguda de la Gran Via 199-203, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Spain; §Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Jose Luis Mosquera
- ¶Bioinformatics Unit, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge IDIBELL), 3rd Floor Hospital Duran i Reynals, Avinguda de la Gran Via 199-203, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Senda Jiménez-Delgado
- ‡Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona (CMRB), 3rd Floor Hospital Duran i Reynals, Avinguda de la Gran Via 199-203, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Cristina García-Pastor
- ‡Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona (CMRB), 3rd Floor Hospital Duran i Reynals, Avinguda de la Gran Via 199-203, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- ‖Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; **Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Physiological Sciences I, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; ‡‡Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- ‖Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Science Park, Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; **Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Physiological Sciences I, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; ‡‡Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Canals
- §§Proteomics group, Vall d'Hebron Institut of Oncology (VHIO), Cellex center, Natzaret 115-117, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel Raya
- ‡Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona (CMRB), 3rd Floor Hospital Duran i Reynals, Avinguda de la Gran Via 199-203, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Spain; §Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), Spain; ¶¶Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Oliveira VR, Uriarte JJ, Falcones B, Jorba I, Zin WA, Farré R, Navajas D, Almendros I. Biomechanical Response of Lung Epithelial Cells to Iron Oxide and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1047. [PMID: 31474879 PMCID: PMC6707084 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that lungs can be damaged by inhalation of nanoparticles (NPs) at environmental and occupational settings. Recent findings have associated the exposure to iron oxide (Fe2O3) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) – NPs widely used in biomedical and clinical research – with pulmonary oxidative stress and inflammation. Although changes on cellular mechanics could contribute to pulmonary inflammation, there is no information regarding the effects of Fe2O3 and TiO2 on alveolar epithelial cell biomechanics. The aim was to investigate the NPs-induced biomechanical effects in terms of cell stiffness and traction forces exerted by human alveolar epithelial cells. Cell Young’s modulus (E) measured by atomic force microscopy in alveolar epithelial cells significantly decreased after exposure to Fe2O3 and TiO2 (∼28 and ∼25%, respectively) compared to control conditions. Moreover, both NPs induced a similar reduction in the traction forces exerted by the alveolar epithelial cells in comparison to the control conditions. Accordingly, immunofluorescence images revealed a reduction of actomyosin stress fibers in response to the exposure to NPs. However, no inflammatory response was detected. In conclusion, an acute exposure of epithelial pulmonary cells to Fe2O3 and TiO2 NPs, which was mild since it was non-cytotoxic and did not induce inflammation, modified cell biomechanical properties which could be translated into damage of the epithelial barrier integrity, suggesting that mild environmental inhalation of Fe2O3 and TiO2 NPs could not be innocuous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Rosa Oliveira
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Laboratório de Fisiologia da Respiração, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juan José Uriarte
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bryan Falcones
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Walter Araujo Zin
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Respiração, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ramon Farré
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Pollastri S, Jorba I, Hawkins TJ, Llusià J, Michelozzi M, Navajas D, Peñuelas J, Hussey PJ, Knight MR, Loreto F. Leaves of isoprene-emitting tobacco plants maintain PSII stability at high temperatures. New Phytol 2019; 223:1307-1318. [PMID: 30980545 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
At high temperatures, isoprene-emitting plants display a higher photosynthetic rate and a lower nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) compared with nonemitting plants. The mechanism of this phenomenon, which may be very important under current climate warming, is still elusive. NPQ was dissected into its components, and chlorophyll fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) was used to analyse the dynamics of excited chlorophyll relaxation in isoprene-emitting and nonemitting plants. Thylakoid membrane stiffness was also measured using atomic force microscope (AFM) to identify a possible mode of action of isoprene in improving photochemical efficiency and photosynthetic stability. We show that, when compared with nonemitters, isoprene-emitting tobacco plants exposed at high temperatures display a reduced increase of the NPQ energy-dependent component (qE) and stable (1) chlorophyll fluorescence lifetime; (2) amplitude of the fluorescence decay components; and (3) thylakoid membrane stiffness. Our study shows for the first time that isoprene maintains PSII stability at high temperatures by preventing the modifications of the surrounding environment, namely providing a more steady and homogeneous distribution of the light-absorbing centres and a stable thylakoid membrane stiffness. Isoprene photoprotects leaves with a mechanism alternative to NPQ, enabling plants to maintain a high photosynthetic rate at rising temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Pollastri
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, DH1 3LE, Durham, UK
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- University of Barcelona and Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia - The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Timothy J Hawkins
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, DH1 3LE, Durham, UK
| | - Joan Llusià
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marco Michelozzi
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - Daniel Navajas
- University of Barcelona and Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia - The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Patrick J Hussey
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, DH1 3LE, Durham, UK
| | - Marc R Knight
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, DH1 3LE, Durham, UK
| | - Francesco Loreto
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, Piazzale Aldo Moro 7, 00185, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
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12
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Jorba I, Beltrán G, Falcones B, Suki B, Farré R, García-Aznar JM, Navajas D. Nonlinear elasticity of the lung extracellular microenvironment is regulated by macroscale tissue strain. Acta Biomater 2019; 92:265-276. [PMID: 31085362 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the lung provides physical support and key mechanical signals to pulmonary cells. Although lung ECM is continuously subjected to different stretch levels, detailed mechanics of the ECM at the scale of the cell is poorly understood. Here, we developed a new polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chip to probe nonlinear mechanics of tissue samples with atomic force microscopy (AFM). Using this chip, we performed AFM measurements in decellularized rat lung slices at controlled stretch levels. The AFM revealed highly nonlinear ECM elasticity with the microscale stiffness increasing with tissue strain. To correlate micro- and macroscale ECM mechanics, we also assessed macromechanics of decellularized rat lung strips under uniaxial tensile testing. The lung strips exhibited exponential macromechanical behavior but with stiffness values one order of magnitude lower than at the microscale. To interpret the relationship between micro- and macromechanical properties, we carried out a finite element (FE) analysis which revealed that the stiffness of the alveolar cell microenvironment is regulated by the global strain of the lung scaffold. The FE modeling also indicates that the scale dependence of stiffness is mainly due to the porous architecture of the lung parenchyma. We conclude that changes in tissue strain during breathing result in marked changes in the ECM stiffness sensed by alveolar cells providing tissue-specific mechanical signals to the cells. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The micromechanical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are a major determinant of cell behavior. The ECM is exposed to mechanical stretching in the lung and other organs during physiological function. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of the nonlinear micromechanical properties of the ECM at the length scale that cells probe is required to advance our understanding of cell-matrix interplay. We designed a novel PDMS chip to perform atomic force microscopy measurements of ECM micromechanics on decellularized rat lung slices at different macroscopic strain levels. For the first time, our results reveal that the microscale stiffness of lung ECM markedly increases with macroscopic tissue strain. Therefore, changes in tissue strain during breathing result in variations in ECM stiffness providing tissue-specific mechanical signals to lung cells.
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13
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Farré N, Jorba I, Torres M, Falcones B, Martí-Almor J, Farré R, Almendros I, Navajas D. Passive Stiffness of Left Ventricular Myocardial Tissue Is Reduced by Ovariectomy in a Post-menopause Mouse Model. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1545. [PMID: 30455648 PMCID: PMC6230582 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Heart failure (HF) – a very prevalent disease with high morbidity and mortality – usually presents with diastolic dysfunction. Although post-menopause women are at increased risk of HF and diastolic dysfunction, poor attention has been paid to clinically and experimentally investigate this group of patients. Specifically, whether myocardial stiffness is affected by menopause is unknown. Aim: To investigate whether loss of female sexual hormones modifies the Young’s modulus (E) of left ventricular (LV) myocardial tissue in a mouse model of menopause induced by ovariectomy (OVX). Methods: After 6 months of bilateral OVX, eight mice were sacrificed, fresh LV myocardial strips were prepared (∼8 × 1 × 1 mm), and their passive stress–stretch relationship was measured. E was computed by exponential fitting of the stress–stretch relationship. Subsequently, to assess the relative role of cellular and extracellular matrix components in determining OVX-induced changes in E, the tissues strips were decellularized and subjected to the same stretching protocol to measure E. A control group of eight sham-OVX mice was simultaneously studied. Results: E (kPa; m ± SE) in OVX mice was ∼twofold lower than in controls (11.7 ± 1.8 and 22.1 ± 4.4, respectively; p < 0.05). No significant difference between groups was found in E of the decellularized tissue (31.4 ± 12.05 and 40.9 ± 11.5, respectively; p = 0.58). Conclusion: Loss of female sexual hormones in an OVX model induces a reduction in the passive stiffness of myocardial tissue, suggesting that active relaxation should play a counterbalancing role in diastolic dysfunction in post-menopausal women with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Farré
- Heart Failure Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- Unitat Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia - The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Torres
- Department of Pneumology, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bryan Falcones
- Unitat Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Martí-Almor
- Heart Failure Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Farré
- Unitat Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Unitat Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Unitat Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia - The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Farré N, Otero J, Falcones B, Torres M, Jorba I, Gozal D, Almendros I, Farré R, Navajas D. Intermittent Hypoxia Mimicking Sleep Apnea Increases Passive Stiffness of Myocardial Extracellular Matrix. A Multiscale Study. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1143. [PMID: 30158879 PMCID: PMC6104184 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tissue hypoxia-reoxygenation characterizes obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a very prevalent respiratory disease associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Experimental studies indicate that intermittent hypoxia (IH) mimicking OSA induces oxidative stress and inflammation in heart tissue at the cell and molecular levels. However, it remains unclear whether IH modifies the passive stiffness of the cardiac tissue extracellular matrix (ECM). Aim: To investigate multiscale changes of stiffness induced by chronic IH in the ECM of left ventricular (LV) myocardium in a murine model of OSA. Methods: Two-month and 18-month old mice (N = 10 each) were subjected to IH (20% O2 40 s-6% O2 20 s) for 6 weeks (6 h/day). Corresponding control groups for each age were kept under normoxia. Fresh LV myocardial strips (∼7 mm × 1 mm × 1 mm) were prepared, and their ECM was obtained by decellularization. Myocardium ECM macroscale mechanics were measured by performing uniaxial stress-strain tensile tests. Strip macroscale stiffness was assessed as the stress value (σ) measured at 0.2 strain and Young's modulus (EM) computed at 0.2 strain by fitting Fung's constitutive model to the stress-strain relationship. ECM stiffness was characterized at the microscale as the Young's modulus (Em) measured in decellularized tissue slices (∼12 μm tick) by atomic force microscopy. Results: Intermittent hypoxia induced a ∼1.5-fold increase in σ (p < 0.001) and a ∼2.5-fold increase in EM (p < 0.001) of young mice as compared with normoxic controls. In contrast, no significant differences emerged in Em among IH-exposed and normoxic mice. Moreover, the mechanical effects of IH on myocardial ECM were similar in young and aged mice. Conclusion: The marked IH-induced increases in macroscale stiffness of LV myocardium ECM suggests that the ECM plays a role in the cardiac dysfunction induced by OSA. Furthermore, absence of any significant effects of IH on the microscale ECM stiffness suggests that the significant increases in macroscale stiffening are primarily mediated by 3D structural ECM remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Farré
- Heart Failure Unit, Department of Cardiology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jorge Otero
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bryan Falcones
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Torres
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Sleep Lab, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Farré
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Notari M, Ventura-Rubio A, Bedford-Guaus SJ, Jorba I, Mulero L, Navajas D, Martí M, Raya Á. The local microenvironment limits the regenerative potential of the mouse neonatal heart. Sci Adv 2018; 4:eaao5553. [PMID: 29732402 PMCID: PMC5931766 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aao5553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal mice have been shown to regenerate their hearts during a transient window of time of approximately 1 week after birth. However, experimental evidence for this phenomenon is not undisputed, because several laboratories have been unable to detect neonatal heart regeneration. We first confirmed that 1-day-old neonatal mice are indeed able to mount a robust regenerative response after heart amputation. We then found that this regenerative ability sharply declines within 48 hours, with hearts of 2-day-old mice responding to amputation with fibrosis, rather than regeneration. By comparing the global transcriptomes of 1- and 2-day-old mouse hearts, we found that most differentially expressed transcripts encode extracellular matrix components and structural constituents of the cytoskeleton. These results suggest that the stiffness of the local microenvironment, rather than cardiac cell-autonomous mechanisms, crucially determines the ability or inability of the heart to regenerate. Testing this hypothesis by pharmacologically decreasing the stiffness of the extracellular matrix in 3-day-old mice, we found that decreased matrix stiffness rescued the ability of mice to regenerate heart tissue after apical resection. Together, our results identify an unexpectedly restricted time window of regenerative competence in the mouse neonatal heart and open new avenues for promoting cardiac regeneration by local modification of the extracellular matrix stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Notari
- Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona (CMRB), Hospital Duran i Reynals, 3rd Floor, Av. Gran Via 199-203, 08098 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding author. (Á.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Antoni Ventura-Rubio
- Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona (CMRB), Hospital Duran i Reynals, 3rd Floor, Av. Gran Via 199-203, 08098 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sylvia J. Bedford-Guaus
- Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona (CMRB), Hospital Duran i Reynals, 3rd Floor, Av. Gran Via 199-203, 08098 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lola Mulero
- Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona (CMRB), Hospital Duran i Reynals, 3rd Floor, Av. Gran Via 199-203, 08098 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercè Martí
- Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona (CMRB), Hospital Duran i Reynals, 3rd Floor, Av. Gran Via 199-203, 08098 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Raya
- Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona (CMRB), Hospital Duran i Reynals, 3rd Floor, Av. Gran Via 199-203, 08098 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding author. (Á.R.); (M.N.)
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16
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Perea-Gil I, Gálvez-Montón C, Prat-Vidal C, Jorba I, Segú-Vergés C, Roura S, Soler-Botija C, Iborra-Egea O, Revuelta-López E, Fernández MA, Farré R, Navajas D, Bayes-Genis A. Head-to-head comparison of two engineered cardiac grafts for myocardial repair: From scaffold characterization to pre-clinical testing. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6708. [PMID: 29712965 PMCID: PMC5928167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25115-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac tissue engineering, which combines cells and supportive scaffolds, is an emerging treatment for restoring cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI), although, the optimal construct remains a challenge. We developed two engineered cardiac grafts, based on decellularized scaffolds from myocardial and pericardial tissues and repopulated them with adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells (ATMSCs). The structure, macromechanical and micromechanical scaffold properties were preserved upon the decellularization and recellularization processes, except for recellularized myocardium micromechanics that was ∼2-fold stiffer than native tissue and decellularized scaffolds. Proteome characterization of the two acellular matrices showed enrichment of matrisome proteins and major cardiac extracellular matrix components, considerably higher for the recellularized pericardium. Moreover, the pericardial scaffold demonstrated better cell penetrance and retention, as well as a bigger pore size. Both engineered cardiac grafts were further evaluated in pre-clinical MI swine models. Forty days after graft implantation, swine treated with the engineered cardiac grafts showed significant ventricular function recovery. Irrespective of the scaffold origin or cell recolonization, all scaffolds integrated with the underlying myocardium and showed signs of neovascularization and nerve sprouting. Collectively, engineered cardiac grafts -with pericardial or myocardial scaffolds- were effective in restoring cardiac function post-MI, and pericardial scaffolds showed better structural integrity and recolonization capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Perea-Gil
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Carolina Gálvez-Montón
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Prat-Vidal
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain.,Centre of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- Biophysics and Bioengineering Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Santiago Roura
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Soler-Botija
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oriol Iborra-Egea
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Elena Revuelta-López
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Marco A Fernández
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | - Ramon Farré
- Biophysics and Bioengineering Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Biophysics and Bioengineering Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- ICREC Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain. .,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain. .,Cardiology Service, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain. .,Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
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17
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Menal MJ, Jorba I, Torres M, Montserrat JM, Gozal D, Colell A, Piñol-Ripoll G, Navajas D, Almendros I, Farré R. Alzheimer's Disease Mutant Mice Exhibit Reduced Brain Tissue Stiffness Compared to Wild-type Mice in both Normoxia and following Intermittent Hypoxia Mimicking Sleep Apnea. Front Neurol 2018; 9:1. [PMID: 29403429 PMCID: PMC5780342 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence from patients and animal models suggests that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and that AD is associated with reduced brain tissue stiffness. Aim To investigate whether intermittent hypoxia (IH) alters brain cortex tissue stiffness in AD mutant mice exposed to IH mimicking OSA. Methods Six-eight month old (B6C3-Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo/J) AD mutant mice and wild-type (WT) littermates were subjected to IH (21% O2 40 s to 5% O2 20 s; 6 h/day) or normoxia for 8 weeks. After euthanasia, the stiffness (E) of 200-μm brain cortex slices was measured by atomic force microscopy. Results Two-way ANOVA indicated significant cortical softening and weight increase in AD mice compared to WT littermates, but no significant effects of IH on cortical stiffness and weight were detected. In addition, reduced myelin was apparent in AD (vs. WT), but no significant differences emerged in the cortex extracellular matrix components laminin and glycosaminoglycans when comparing baseline AD and WT mice. Conclusion AD mutant mice exhibit reduced brain tissue stiffness following both normoxia and IH mimicking sleep apnea, and such differences are commensurate with increased edema and demyelination in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria José Menal
- Unitat Biofísica I Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- Unitat Biofísica I Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Torres
- Sleep Laboratory, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep M Montserrat
- Sleep Laboratory, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Anna Colell
- Department of Mort I Proliferació Cellular, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB-CSIC), IDIBAPS, CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gerard Piñol-Ripoll
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Clinical Neuroscience Research, IRBLleida-Hospital Universitari Santa Maria Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Unitat Biofísica I Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Unitat Biofísica I Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Institut Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Farré
- Unitat Biofísica I Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Institut Investigacions Biomediques August Pi Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Gabasa M, Duch P, Jorba I, Giménez A, Lugo R, Pavelescu I, Rodríguez-Pascual F, Molina-Molina M, Xaubet A, Pereda J, Alcaraz J. Epithelial contribution to the profibrotic stiff microenvironment and myofibroblast population in lung fibrosis. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:3741-3755. [PMID: 29046395 PMCID: PMC5739292 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-01-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to the profibrotic stiff microenvironment and myofibroblast accumulation in pulmonary fibrosis remains unclear. We examined EMT-competent lung epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts from control (fibrosis-free) donors or patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which is a very aggressive fibrotic disorder. Cells were cultured on profibrotic conditions including stiff substrata and TGF-β1, and analyzed in terms of morphology, stiffness, and expression of EMT/myofibroblast markers and fibrillar collagens. All fibroblasts acquired a robust myofibroblast phenotype on TGF-β1 stimulation. Yet IPF myofibroblasts exhibited higher stiffness and expression of fibrillar collagens than control fibroblasts, concomitantly with enhanced FAKY397 activity. FAK inhibition was sufficient to decrease fibroblast stiffness and collagen expression, supporting that FAKY397 hyperactivation may underlie the aberrant mechanobiology of IPF fibroblasts. In contrast, cells undergoing EMT failed to reach the values exhibited by IPF myofibroblasts in all parameters examined. Likewise, EMT could be distinguished from nonactivated control fibroblasts, suggesting that EMT does not elicit myofibroblast precursors either. Our data suggest that EMT does not contribute directly to the myofibroblast population, and may contribute to the stiff fibrotic microenvironment through their own stiffness but not their collagen expression. Our results also support that targeting FAKY397 may rescue normal mechanobiology in IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gabasa
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Duch
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alícia Giménez
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roberto Lugo
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irina Pavelescu
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Maria Molina-Molina
- ILD Unit, Pulmonology Department, University Hospital of Bellvitge. Pneumology Research Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Xaubet
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Pneumology Service, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Pereda
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, 46100 València, Spain
| | - Jordi Alcaraz
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Elucidating the factors that direct the spatio-temporal organization of evolving tissues is one of the primary purposes in the study of development. Various propositions claim to have been important contributions to the understanding of the mechanical properties of cells and tissues in their spatiotemporal organization in different developmental and morphogenetic processes. However, due to the lack of reliable and accessible tools to measure material properties and tensional parameters in vivo, validating these hypotheses has been difficult. Here we present methods employing atomic force microscopy (AFM) and particle tracking with the aim of quantifying the mechanical properties of the intact zebrafish embryo yolk cell during epiboly. Epiboly is an early conserved developmental process whose study is facilitated by the transparency of the embryo. These methods are simple to implement, reliable, and widely applicable since they overcome intrusive interventions that could affect tissue mechanics. A simple strategy was applied for the mounting of specimens, AFM recording, and nanoparticle injections and tracking. This approach makes these methods easily adaptable to other developmental times or organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Marsal
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias
| | - Elena Rebollo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
| | - Tomas Luque
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias
| | - Enrique Martín-Blanco
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas;
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20
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Prat-Vidal C, Perea-Gil I, Jorba I, Galvez-Monton C, Soler-Botija C, Iborra-Egea O, Revuelta-Lopez E, Roura S, Farre R, Navajas D, Bayes-Genis A. P4464An acellular myocardial scaffold optimal for cardiac recovery: proteomic, structural and mechanical characterization. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p4464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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21
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Karkali K, Jorba I, Shing A, Navajas D, Saunders T, Panayotou G, Martin-Blanco E. The architectural balance of the Ventral Nerve Cord depends on the level of JNK signaling activity. Mech Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2017.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Jorba I, Menal MJ, Torres M, Gozal D, Piñol-Ripoll G, Colell A, Montserrat JM, Navajas D, Farré R, Almendros I. Ageing and chronic intermittent hypoxia mimicking sleep apnea do not modify local brain tissue stiffness in healthy mice. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 71:106-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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23
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Campillo N, Jorba I, Schaedel L, Casals B, Gozal D, Farré R, Almendros I, Navajas D. A Novel Chip for Cyclic Stretch and Intermittent Hypoxia Cell Exposures Mimicking Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Front Physiol 2016; 7:319. [PMID: 27524971 PMCID: PMC4965455 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermittent hypoxia (IH), a hallmark of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of OSA-associated morbidities, especially in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Oxidative stress and inflammation induced by IH are suggested as main contributors of end-organ dysfunction in OSA patients and animal models. Since the molecular mechanisms underlying these in vivo pathological responses remain poorly understood, implementation of experimental in vitro cell-based systems capable of inducing high-frequency IH would be highly desirable. Here, we describe the design, fabrication, and validation of a versatile chip for subjecting cultured cells to fast changes in gas partial pressure and to cyclic stretch. The chip is fabricated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and consists of a cylindrical well-covered by a thin membrane. Cells cultured on top of the membrane can be subjected to fast changes in oxygen concentration (equilibrium time ~6 s). Moreover, cells can be subjected to cyclic stretch at cardiac or respiratory frequencies independently or simultaneously. Rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exposed to IH mimicking OSA and cyclic stretch at cardiac frequencies revealed that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) expression was increased in response to both stimuli. Thus, the chip provides a versatile tool for the study of cellular responses to cyclical hypoxia and stretch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Campillo
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain; Cellular and Respiratory Biomechanics, Institute for Bioengineering of CataloniaBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades RespiratoriasMadrid, Spain
| | - Ignasi Jorba
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain; Cellular and Respiratory Biomechanics, Institute for Bioengineering of CataloniaBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades RespiratoriasMadrid, Spain
| | - Laura Schaedel
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain; Cellular and Respiratory Biomechanics, Institute for Bioengineering of CataloniaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Blai Casals
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain; Cellular and Respiratory Biomechanics, Institute for Bioengineering of CataloniaBarcelona, Spain
| | - David Gozal
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Pediatrics, Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ramon Farré
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades RespiratoriasMadrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i SunyerBarcelona, Spain
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades RespiratoriasMadrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i SunyerBarcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain; Cellular and Respiratory Biomechanics, Institute for Bioengineering of CataloniaBarcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades RespiratoriasMadrid, Spain
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24
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Jorba I, Uriarte JJ, Campillo N, Farré R, Navajas D. Probing Micromechanical Properties of the Extracellular Matrix of Soft Tissues by Atomic Force Microscopy. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:19-26. [PMID: 27163411 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) determines 3D tissue architecture and provides structural support and chemical and mechanical cues to the cells. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has unique capabilities to measure ECM mechanics at the scale at which cells probe the mechanical features of their microenvironment. Moreover, AFM measurements can be readily combined with bright field and fluorescence microscopy. Performing reliable mechanical measurements with AFM requires accurate calibration of the device and correct computation of the mechanical parameters. A suitable approach to isolate ECM mechanics from cell contribution is removing the cells by means of an effective decellularization process that preserves the composition, structure and mechanical properties of the ECM. AFM measurement of ECM micromechanics provides important insights into organ biofabrication, cell-matrix mechanical crosstalk and disease-induced tissue stiffness alterations. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 19-26, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignasi Jorba
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan J Uriarte
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noelia Campillo
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Farré
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Navajas
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.
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