1
|
Mao C, Hu L, Jiang W, Qiu Y, Yang Z, Liu Y, Wang M, Wang D, Su Y, Lin J, Yan X, Cai Z, Zhang X, Shen J. Discrimination between human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low-expressing and HER2-overexpressing breast cancers: a comparative study of four MRI diffusion models. Eur Radiol 2024; 34:2546-2559. [PMID: 37672055 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10198-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the value of conventional DWI, continuous-time random walk (CTRW), fractional order calculus (FROC), and stretched exponential model (SEM) in discriminating human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status of breast cancer (BC). METHODS This prospective study included 158 women who underwent DWI, CTRW, FROC, and SEM and were pathologically categorized into the HER2-zero-expressing group (n = 10), HER2-low-expressing group (n = 86), and HER2-overexpressing group (n = 62). Nine diffusion parameters, namely ADC, αCTRW, βCTRW, DCTRW, βFROC, DFROC, μFROC, αSEM, and DDCSEM of the primary tumor, were derived from four diffusion models. These diffusion metrics and clinicopathologic features were compared between groups. Logistic regression was used to determine the optimal diffusion metrics and clinicopathologic variables for classifying the HER2-expressing statuses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate their discriminative ability. RESULTS The estrogen receptor (ER) status, progesterone receptor (PR) status, and tumor size differed between HER2-low-expressing and HER2-overexpressing groups (p < 0.001 to p = 0.009). The αCTRW, DCTRW, βFROC, DFROC, μFROC, αSEM, and DDCSEM were significantly lower in HER2-low-expressing BCs than those in HER2-overexpressing BCs (p < 0.001 to p = 0.01). Further multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the αCTRW was the single best discriminative metric, with an area under the curve (AUC) being higher than that of ADC (0.802 vs. 0.610, p < 0.05); the addition of ER status, PR status, and tumor size to the αCTRW improved the AUC to 0.877. CONCLUSIONS The αCTRW could help discriminate the HER2-low-expressing and HER2-overexpressing BCs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low-expressing breast cancer (BC) might also benefit from the HER2-targeted therapy. Prediction of HER2-low-expressing BC or HER2-overexpressing BC is crucial for appropriate management. Advanced continuous-time random walk diffusion MRI offers a solution to this clinical issue. KEY POINTS • Human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2)-low-expressing BC had lower αCTRW, DCTRW, βFROC, DFROC, μFROC, αSEM, and DDCSEM values compared with HER2-overexpressing breast cancer. • The αCTRW was the single best diffusion metric (AUC = 0.802) for discrimination between the HER2-low-expressing and HER2-overexpressing breast cancers. • The addition of αCTRW to the clinicopathologic features (estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, and tumor size) further improved the discriminative ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Mao
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lanxin Hu
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ya Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zehong Yang
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yeqing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengzhu Wang
- MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthcare, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongye Wang
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Su
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinru Lin
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Yan
- MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthcare, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaoxi Cai
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Debets DO, Stecker KE, Piskopou A, Liefaard MC, Wesseling J, Sonke GS, Lips EH, Altelaar M. Deep (phospho)proteomics profiling of pre- treatment needle biopsies identifies signatures of treatment resistance in HER2 + breast cancer. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101203. [PMID: 37794585 PMCID: PMC10591042 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Patients with early-stage HER2-overexpressing breast cancer struggle with treatment resistance in 20%-40% of cases. More information is needed to predict HER2 therapy response and resistance in vivo. In this study, we perform (phospho)proteomics analysis of pre-treatment HER2+ needle biopsies of early-stage invasive breast cancer to identify molecular signatures predictive of treatment response to trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and chemotherapy. Our data show that accurate quantification of the estrogen receptor (ER) and HER2 biomarkers, combined with the assessment of associated biological features, has the potential to enable better treatment outcome prediction. In addition, we identify cellular mechanisms that potentially precondition tumors to resist therapy. We find proteins with expression changes that correlate with resistance and constitute to a strong predictive signature for treatment success in our patient cohort. Our results highlight the multifactorial nature of drug resistance in vivo and demonstrate the necessity of deep tumor profiling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donna O Debets
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kelly E Stecker
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anastasia Piskopou
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marte C Liefaard
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jelle Wesseling
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gabe S Sonke
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Oncology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Esther H Lips
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Altelaar
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao X, Lin M, Huang X. Current status and future perspective of natural killer cell therapy for cancer. MEDICAL REVIEW (2021) 2023; 3:305-320. [PMID: 38235405 PMCID: PMC10790210 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2023-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells possess innate abilities to effectively eliminate cancer cells. However, because of difficulties of proliferation and easy to be induced dysfunction in the setting of cancer post NK cell therapy, the curative effect of NK cell infusion has been constrained and not been widely applicable in clinical practice. The rapid development of biotechnology has promoted the development of NK cell therapy for cancer treatment. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive analysis of the current status and future prospects of NK cell therapy for cancer, focusing on the biological characteristics of NK cells, as well as strategies to enhance their targeting capabilities and overcome tumor immune suppression within the microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zhao
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Minghao Lin
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu Q, Huang S, Desautels D, McManus KJ, Murphy L, Hu P. Development and validation of a prognostic 15-gene signature for stratifying HER2+/ER+ breast cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2940-2949. [PMID: 37216014 PMCID: PMC10196919 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human epidermal growth receptor 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous subgroup. Estrogen receptor (ER) status is emerging as a predictive marker within HER2+ BCs, with the HER2+/ER+ cases usually having better survival in the first 5 years after diagnosis but have higher recurrence risk after 5 years compared to HER2+/ER-. This is possibly because sustained ER signaling in HER2+ BCs helps escape the HER2 blockade. Currently HER2+/ER+ BC is understudied and lacks biomarkers. Thus, a better understanding of the underlying molecular diversity is important to find new therapy targets for HER2+/ER+ BCs. Methods In this study, we performed unsupervised consensus clustering together with genome-wide Cox regression analyses on the gene expression data of 123 HER2+/ER+ BC from The Cancer Genome Atlas Breast Invasive Carcinoma (TCGA-BRCA) cohort to identify distinct HER2+/ER+ subgroups. A supervised eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) classifier was then built in TCGA using the identified subgroups and validated in another two independent datasets (Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) (accession number GSE149283)). Computational characterization analyses were also performed on the predicted subgroups in different HER2+/ER+ BC cohorts. Results We identified two distinct HER2+/ER+ subgroups with different survival outcomes using the expression profiles of 549 survival-associated genes from the Cox regression analyses. Genome-wide gene expression differential analyses found 197 differentially expressed genes between the two identified subgroups, with 15 genes overlapping the 549 survival-associated genes.XGBoost classifier, using the expression values of the 15 genes, achieved a strong cross-validated performance (Area under the curve (AUC) = 0.85, Sensitivity = 0.76, specificity = 0.77) in predicting the subgroup labels. Further investigation partially confirmed the differences in survival, drug response, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, published gene signatures, and CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screened gene dependency scores between the two identified subgroups. Conclusion This is the first study to stratify HER2+/ER+ tumors. Overall, the initial results from different cohorts showed there exist two distinct subgroups in HER2+/ER+ tumors, which can be distinguished by a 15-gene signature. Our findings could potentially guide the development of future precision therapies targeted on HER2+/ER+ BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Statistics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Shujun Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Danielle Desautels
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Kirk J. McManus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Leigh Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Pingzhao Hu
- Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xia W, Chen J, Hou W, Chen J, Xiong Y, Li H, Qi X, Xu H, Xie Z, Li M, Zhang X, Li J. Engineering a HER2-CAR-NK Cell Secreting Soluble Programmed Cell Death Protein with Superior Antitumor Efficacy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076843. [PMID: 37047817 PMCID: PMC10094803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A new therapy strategy for relapsing patients who have received trastuzumab treatment urgently needs to be explored. HER2-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-expressing NK cells are being rapidly developed for solid tumor therapy, as they have many advantages over HER2-CAR-T cells. Endogenous soluble PD-1 (sPD-1) from the PD-1 extracellular domain blocks PD-1/PD-L1 interaction to promote cancer immunology. Herein, we engineered a new HER2-CAR-NK cell that co-expresses sPD-1 (designed as sPD-1-CAR-NK cells) and assessed its cytotoxic activities toward various cancer cells, activation of immunity and sPD-1 release in vitro and in mouse models bearing breast cancer cells with high HER2 expression, with or without trastuzumab resistance. We demonstrated that sPD-1-CAR-NK cells were able to release bioactive sPD-1, thereby enhancing the cytolytic activities of HER2-CAR-NK cells against HER2 and PD-L1 highly expressing target cells accompanied by increases in the secretion of perforin, granzyme B and IFN-γ. In vivo, sPD-1-CAR-NK cells had superior immunological anticancer efficacy compared to HER2-CAR-NK cells, and they had advantages over HER2-CAR-NK cells in the intraperitoneal injection of sPD-1. Moreover, the infiltration and activation of NK and T cells into tumor tissue were increased in mice with sPD-1-CAR-NK cells. There was no significant change in the body temperature, organ tissue and body weight in all groups except for the group with the PD-1 injection. Together, these data indicate that HER2-specific sPD-1-CAR-NK cells can transport sPD-1 into cancer tissues with high HER2 expression, further improving the efficacy of HER-CAR-NK cells without obvious side effects. sPD-1-CAR-NK is a promising cytotherapeutic agent for patients bearing HER2-positive breast cancer, including those with trastuzumab resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Wenqing Hou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Junsheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai, 200126, China
| | - Zuoquan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai, 200126, China
| | - Mingfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Systemic therapy for early-stage breast cancer: learning from the past to build the future. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2022; 19:763-774. [PMID: 36253451 PMCID: PMC9575647 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-022-00687-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of breast cancer has improved dramatically over the past century, from a strictly surgical approach to a coordinated one, including local and systemic therapies. Systemic therapies for early-stage disease were initially tested against observation or placebo only in adjuvant trials. Subsequent clinical trials focusing on treatment ‘fine-tuning’ had a marked increase in cohort size, duration and costs, leading to a growing interest in the neoadjuvant setting in the past decade. Neoadjuvant trial designs have the advantages of enabling the direct evaluation of treatment effects on tumour diameter and offer unique translational research opportunities through the comparative analysis of tumour biology before, during and after treatment. Current technologies enabling the identification of better predictive biomarkers are shaping the new era of (neo)adjuvant trials. An urgent need exists to reinforce collaboration between the pharmaceutical industry and academia to share data and thus establish large databases of biomarker data coupled with patient outcomes that are easily accessible to the scientific community. In this Review, we summarize the evolution of (neo)adjuvant trials from the pre-genomic to the post-genomic era and provide critical insights into how neoadjuvant studies are currently designed, discussing the need for better end points and treatment strategies that are more personalized, including in the post-neoadjuvant setting. Systemic therapies for early-stage disease have been tested in clinical trials for decades. The authors of this Review provide an overview of the evolution of (neo)adjuvant trials from the pre-genomic to the post-genomic era, focusing on design, end points and biomarkers that, together, could enable the delivery of more personalized treatment. Systemic therapy for patients with early-stage breast cancer has dramatically improved over the past eight decades, and the aims and designs of (neo)adjuvant clinical trials have consistently evolved. The transition of clinical trials from the pre-genomic to the post-genomic era has been based on a deeper understanding of disease biology and a higher level of interest in the discovery of molecular markers associated with a response to treatment. The currently adopted approach to the design of neoadjuvant trials requires a new wave of changes, with the implementation of validated end points with more robust predictive associations with survival outcomes and more personalized treatment strategies (escalation and/or de-escalation). The evolution towards a more personalized treatment approach is leading to increasing interest in the post-neoadjuvant setting to investigate new drugs specifically in patients with high-risk disease. Optimizing the efficiency of the search for novel biomarkers that can guide treatment tailoring requires the establishment of large, well-annotated databases of candidate biomarkers linked with clinical outcomes that are also easily accessible to the scientific community. Early sharing of data from clinical trials should be based on joint efforts and reinforced collaboration between the pharmaceutical industry and academic entities.
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu G, Chen T, Zhang X, Ma X, Shi H. Small molecule inhibitors targeting the cancers. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e181. [PMID: 36254250 PMCID: PMC9560750 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with traditional therapies, targeted therapy has merits in selectivity, efficacy, and tolerability. Small molecule inhibitors are one of the primary targeted therapies for cancer. Due to their advantages in a wide range of targets, convenient medication, and the ability to penetrate into the central nervous system, many efforts have been devoted to developing more small molecule inhibitors. To date, 88 small molecule inhibitors have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration to treat cancers. Despite remarkable progress, small molecule inhibitors in cancer treatment still face many obstacles, such as low response rate, short duration of response, toxicity, biomarkers, and resistance. To better promote the development of small molecule inhibitors targeting cancers, we comprehensively reviewed small molecule inhibitors involved in all the approved agents and pivotal drug candidates in clinical trials arranged by the signaling pathways and the classification of small molecule inhibitors. We discussed lessons learned from the development of these agents, the proper strategies to overcome resistance arising from different mechanisms, and combination therapies concerned with small molecule inhibitors. Through our review, we hoped to provide insights and perspectives for the research and development of small molecule inhibitors in cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gui‐Hong Liu
- Department of BiotherapyState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyCancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of BiotherapyState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyCancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xue‐Lei Ma
- Department of BiotherapyState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyCancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Hua‐Shan Shi
- Department of BiotherapyState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyCancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pel E, Engelberts I, Schermer M. Diversity of interpretations of the concept "patient-centered care for breast cancer patients"; a scoping review of current literature. J Eval Clin Pract 2022; 28:773-793. [PMID: 34002460 PMCID: PMC9788211 DOI: 10.1111/jep.13584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Patient-centered care is considered a vital component of good quality care for breast cancer patients. Nevertheless, the implementation of this valuable concept in clinical practice appears to be difficult. The goal of this study is to bridge the gap between theoretical elaboration of "patient-centered care" and clinical practice. To that purpose, a scoping analysis was performed of the application of the term "patient-centered care in breast cancer treatment" in present-day literature. METHOD For data-extraction, a literature search was performed extracting references that were published in 2018 and included the terms "patient-centered care" and "breast cancer". The articles were systematically traced for answers to the following three questions: "What is patient-centered care?", "Why perform patient-centered care?", and "How to realize patient-centered care?". For the content analysis, these answers were coded and assembled into meaningful clusters until separate themes arose which concur with various interpretations of the term "patient-centered care". RESULTS A total of 60 publications were retained for analysis. Traced answers to the three questions "what", "why", and "how" varied considerably in recent literature concerning breast cancer treatment. Despite the inconsistent use of the term "patient-centered care," we did not find any critical consideration about the nature of the concept, regardless of the applied interpretation. Interventions that are supposed to contribute to the heterogeneous concept of patient-centered care as such, seem to be judged desirable, virtually without empirical justification. CONCLUSIONS We propose, contrary to previous efforts to define "patient-centered care" more accurately, to embrace the heterogeneity of the concept and apply "patient-centered care" as an umbrella-term for all healthcare that intends to contribute to the acknowledgement of the person in the patient. For the justification of measures to realize patient-centered care for breast cancer patients, instead of a mere contribution to the abstract concept, we insist on the demonstration of desirable real-world effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elise Pel
- Department of Medical Ethics, Philosophy and History of Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg Engelberts
- Department of Medical Ethics, Philosophy and History of Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,The Franciscus Breast Clinic, Department of Surgery, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Schiedam, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje Schermer
- Department of Medical Ethics, Philosophy and History of Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Beta-2 Adrenergic Receptor Gene Expression in HER2-Positive Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients: A Post-hoc Analysis of the NCCTG-N9831 (Alliance) Trial. Clin Breast Cancer 2022; 22:308-318. [PMID: 34980541 PMCID: PMC9149124 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ß2AR) modulates immune activation and may enhance trastuzumab activity. We assessed the impact of ß2AR gene (ADRB2) expression on the outcomes of patients with HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer enrolled on the NCCTG-N9831 trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a post-hoc analysis of the NCCTG-N9831 trial, which compared chemotherapy (arm A) versus chemotherapy plus trastuzumab (arms B&C) as adjuvant treatment of patients with HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer, with disease-free survival (DFS) as primary endpoint. Gene expression levels retrieved by DASL assay were used to classify patients as ADRB2-high or ADRB2-low. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated by a Cox proportional model adjusted for prognostic variables and ADRB2 expression. Correlations between ADRB2 expression and stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) levels were assessed with Pearson coefficient. A multivariable Cox regression model with interaction term was performed to assess the interaction between ADRB2 expression and treatment arm; and ADRB2 expression and a 8-gene signature previously shown to predict trastuzumab benefit. RESULTS Overall, 1,282 patients were included (ADRB2-high [N = 944] / ADRB2-low [N = 338]). A high expression of ADRB2 was associated with a longer DFS (P = .01) in the overall population. The addition of trastuzumab to chemotherapy improved DFS only in patients with ADRB2-high tumors (P < .01). ADRB2 expression was correlated with TIL levels (r = 0.24, P < .001). No association between ADRB2 expression and the 8-gene trastuzumab benefit signature was observed (P = .32). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that a high ADRB2 expression is a favorable prognostic factor and may identify patients with HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer who benefit from adjuvant trastuzumab. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov NCT00005970.
Collapse
|
10
|
Targeting Nuclear Receptors in Lung Cancer—Novel Therapeutic Prospects. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050624. [PMID: 35631448 PMCID: PMC9145966 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, the second most commonly diagnosed cancer, is the major cause of fatalities worldwide for both men and women, with an estimated 2.2 million new incidences and 1.8 million deaths, according to GLOBOCAN 2020. Although various risk factors for lung cancer pathogenesis have been reported, controlling smoking alone has a significant value as a preventive measure. In spite of decades of extensive research, mechanistic cues and targets need to be profoundly explored to develop potential diagnostics, treatments, and reliable therapies for this disease. Nuclear receptors (NRs) function as transcription factors that control diverse biological processes such as cell growth, differentiation, development, and metabolism. The aberrant expression of NRs has been involved in a variety of disorders, including cancer. Deregulation of distinct NRs in lung cancer has been associated with numerous events, including mutations, epigenetic modifications, and different signaling cascades. Substantial efforts have been made to develop several small molecules as agonists or antagonists directed to target specific NRs for inhibiting tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion and inducing apoptosis in lung cancer, which makes NRs promising candidates for reliable lung cancer therapeutics. The current work focuses on the importance of various NRs in the development and progression of lung cancer and highlights the different small molecules (e.g., agonist or antagonist) that influence NR expression, with the goal of establishing them as viable therapeutics to combat lung cancer.
Collapse
|
11
|
Cheung AMY, Wang D, Liu K, Hope T, Murray M, Ginty F, Nofech-Mozes S, Martel AL, Yaffe MJ. Quantitative single-cell analysis of immunofluorescence protein multiplex images illustrates biomarker spatial heterogeneity within breast cancer subtypes. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:114. [PMID: 34922607 PMCID: PMC8684264 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01475-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extent of cellular heterogeneity in breast cancer could have potential impact on diagnosis and long-term outcome. However, pathology evaluation is limited to biomarker immunohistochemical staining and morphology of the bulk cancer. Inter-cellular heterogeneity of biomarkers is not usually assessed. As an initial evaluation of the extent of breast cancer cellular heterogeneity, we conducted quantitative and spatial imaging of Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER2), Ki67, TP53, CDKN1A (P21/WAF1), CDKN2A (P16INK4A), CD8 and CD20 of a tissue microarray (TMA) representing subtypes defined by St. Gallen surrogate classification. METHODS Quantitative, single cell-based imaging was conducted using an Immunofluorescence protein multiplexing platform (MxIF) to study protein co-expression signatures and their spatial localization patterns. The range of MxIF intensity values of each protein marker was compared to the respective IHC score for the TMA core. Extent of heterogeneity in spatial neighborhoods was analyzed using co-occurrence matrix and Diversity Index measures. RESULTS On the 101 cores from 59 cases studied, diverse expression levels and distributions were observed in MxIF measures of ER and PR among the hormonal receptor-positive tumor cores. As expected, Luminal A-like cancers exhibit higher proportions of cell groups that co-express ER and PR, while Luminal B-like (HER2-negative) cancers were composed of ER+, PR- groups. Proliferating cells defined by Ki67 positivity were mainly found in groups with PR-negative cells. Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) exhibited the highest proliferative fraction and incidence of abnormal P53 and P16 expression. Among the tumors exhibiting P53 overexpression by immunohistochemistry, a group of TNBC was found with much higher MxIF-measured P53 signal intensity compared to HER2+, Luminal B-like and other TNBC cases. Densities of CD8 and CD20 cells were highest in HER2+ cancers. Spatial analysis demonstrated variability in heterogeneity in cellular neighborhoods in the cancer and the tumor microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS Protein marker multiplexing and quantitative image analysis demonstrated marked heterogeneity in protein co-expression signatures and cellular arrangement within each breast cancer subtype. These refined descriptors of biomarker expressions and spatial patterns could be valuable in the development of more informative tools to guide diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison Min-Yan Cheung
- Biomarker Imaging Research Lab (BIRL), Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Dan Wang
- Biomarker Imaging Research Lab (BIRL), Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Kela Liu
- Biomarker Imaging Research Lab (BIRL), Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Tyna Hope
- Biomarker Imaging Research Lab (BIRL), Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Mayan Murray
- Biomarker Imaging Research Lab (BIRL), Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Fiona Ginty
- Biosciences, GE Research (GER), Niskayuna, NY, USA
| | - Sharon Nofech-Mozes
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anne Louise Martel
- Biomarker Imaging Research Lab (BIRL), Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Martin Joel Yaffe
- Biomarker Imaging Research Lab (BIRL), Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pizzamiglio S, Cosentino G, Ciniselli CM, De Cecco L, Cataldo A, Plantamura I, Triulzi T, El‐abed S, Wang Y, Bajji M, Nuciforo P, Huober J, Ellard SL, Rimm DL, Gombos A, Daidone MG, Verderio P, Tagliabue E, Di Cosimo S, Iorio MV. What if the future of HER2‐positive breast cancer patients was written in miRNAs? An exploratory analysis from NeoALTTO study. Cancer Med 2021; 11:332-339. [PMID: 34921525 PMCID: PMC8729061 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pizzamiglio
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit Department of Applied Research and Technological Development Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| | - Giulia Cosentino
- Molecular Targeting Unit Department of Research Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| | - Chiara M. Ciniselli
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit Department of Applied Research and Technological Development Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Integrated Biology Platform Department of Applied Research and Technological Development Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| | - Alessandra Cataldo
- Molecular Targeting Unit Department of Research Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| | - Ilaria Plantamura
- Molecular Targeting Unit Department of Research Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| | - Tiziana Triulzi
- Molecular Targeting Unit Department of Research Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| | | | | | | | - Paolo Nuciforo
- Molecular Oncology GroupVall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) Barcelona Spain
| | - Jens Huober
- Breast Center Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen Switzerland
| | | | - David L. Rimm
- Department of Pathology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
| | | | - Maria Grazia Daidone
- Biomarkers Unit Department of Applied Research and Technological Development Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| | - Paolo Verderio
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit Department of Applied Research and Technological Development Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| | - Elda Tagliabue
- Molecular Targeting Unit Department of Research Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| | - Serena Di Cosimo
- Biomarkers Unit Department of Applied Research and Technological Development Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| | - Marilena V. Iorio
- Molecular Targeting Unit Department of Research Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Triulzi T, Bianchini G, Di Cosimo S, Pienkowski T, Im YH, Bianchi GV, Galbardi B, Dugo M, De Cecco L, Tseng LM, Liu MC, Bermejo B, Semiglazov V, Viale G, de la Haba-Rodriguez J, Oh DY, Poirier B, Valagussa P, Gianni L, Tagliabue E. The TRAR gene classifier to predict response to neoadjuvant therapy in HER2-positive and ER-positive breast cancer patients: an explorative analysis from the NeoSphere trial. Mol Oncol 2021; 16:2355-2366. [PMID: 34816585 PMCID: PMC9208076 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
As most erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer (BC) patients currently receive dual HER2-targeting added to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, improved methods for identifying individual response, and assisting postsurgical salvage therapy, are needed. Herein, we evaluated the 41-gene classifier trastuzumab advantage risk model (TRAR) as a predictive marker for patients enrolled in the NeoSphere trial. TRAR scores were computed from RNA of 350 pre- and 166 post-treatment tumor specimens. Overall, TRAR score was significantly associated with pathological complete response (pCR) rate independently of other predictive clinico-pathological variables. Separate analyses according to estrogen receptor (ER) status showed a significant association between TRAR score and pCR in ER-positive specimens but not in ER-negative counterparts. Among ER-positive BC patients not achieving a pCR, those with TRAR-low scores in surgical specimens showed a trend for lower distant event-free survival. In conclusion, in HER2-positive/ER-positive BC, TRAR is an independent predictor of pCR and represents a promising tool to select patients responsive to anti-HER2-based neoadjuvant therapy and to assist treatment escalation and de-escalation strategies in this setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Triulzi
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Serena Di Cosimo
- DRAST, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Tadeusz Pienkowski
- Oncology and Breast Diseases Department, Postgraduate Medical Education Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Young-Hyuck Im
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Barbara Galbardi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Loris De Cecco
- DRAST, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Ling-Ming Tseng
- Taipei-Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ching Liu
- Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Begoña Bermejo
- Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Giulia Viale
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Do-Youn Oh
- Division of Medical Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Brigitte Poirier
- Centre des Maladies du sein, Hôpital du Saint-Sacrement, CHU de Québec, Canada
| | | | - Luca Gianni
- Fondazione Michelangelo, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Gianni Bonadonna, Milan, Italy
| | - Elda Tagliabue
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Smith AE, Ferraro E, Safonov A, Morales CB, Lahuerta EJA, Li Q, Kulick A, Ross D, Solit DB, de Stanchina E, Reis-Filho J, Rosen N, Arribas J, Razavi P, Chandarlapaty S. HER2 + breast cancers evade anti-HER2 therapy via a switch in driver pathway. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6667. [PMID: 34795269 PMCID: PMC8602441 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27093-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of HER2 in HER2-amplified breast cancer has been remarkably successful clinically, as demonstrated by the efficacy of HER-kinase inhibitors and HER2-antibody treatments. Whilst resistance to HER2 inhibition is common in the metastatic setting, the specific programs downstream of HER2 driving resistance are not established. Through genomic profiling of 733 HER2-amplified breast cancers, we identify enrichment of somatic alterations that promote MEK/ERK signaling in metastatic tumors with shortened progression-free survival on anti-HER2 therapy. These mutations, including NF1 loss and ERBB2 activating mutations, are sufficient to mediate resistance to FDA-approved HER2 kinase inhibitors including tucatinib and neratinib. Moreover, resistant tumors lose AKT dependence while undergoing a dramatic sensitization to MEK/ERK inhibition. Mechanistically, this driver pathway switch is a result of MEK-dependent activation of CDK2 kinase. These results establish genetic activation of MAPK as a recurrent mechanism of anti-HER2 therapy resistance that may be effectively combated with MEK/ERK inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison E Smith
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Emanuela Ferraro
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Breast Medicine Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Anton Safonov
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Breast Medicine Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | | | - Qing Li
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Amanda Kulick
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Dara Ross
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - David B Solit
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jorge Reis-Filho
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Neal Rosen
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program and Center for Cell Engineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Joaquín Arribas
- Preclinical Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedram Razavi
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Breast Medicine Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Sarat Chandarlapaty
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program (HOPP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Breast Medicine Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Franchet C, Djerroudi L, Maran-Gonzalez A, Abramovici O, Antoine M, Becette V, Berghian A, Blanc-Fournier C, Brabencova E, Charafe-Jauffret E, Chenard MP, Dauplat MM, Delrée P, Duprez-Paumier R, Fleury C, Ghnassia JP, Haudebourg J, Leroux A, MacGrogan G, Mathieu MC, Michenet P, Penault-Llorca F, Poulet B, Robin YM, Roger P, Russ E, Tixier L, Treilleux I, Valent A, Verriele V, Vincent-Salomon A, Arnould L, Lacroix-Triki M. [2021 update of the GEFPICS' recommendations for HER2 status assessment in invasive breast cancer in France]. Ann Pathol 2021; 41:507-520. [PMID: 34393014 DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2021.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The last international guidelines on HER2 determination in breast cancer have been updated in 2018 by the American Society of Clinical Oncology and College of American Pathologists, on the basis of a twenty-year practice and results of numerous clinical trials. Moreover, the emerging HER2-low concept for 1+ and 2+ non amplified breast cancers lead to refine French practices for HER2 status assessment. The GEFPICS group, composed of expert pathologists, herein presents the latest French recommendations for HER2 status evaluation in breast cancer, taking into account the ASCO/CAP guidelines and introducing the HER2-low concept. In the era of personalized medicine, HER2 status assessment remains one of the most important biomarkers in breast cancer and its quality guaranties the optimal patients' care. French pathologists' commitment in theranostic biomarker quality is more than ever required to provide the most efficient cares in oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Franchet
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France.
| | - Lounes Djerroudi
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Aurélie Maran-Gonzalez
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Olivia Abramovici
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Martine Antoine
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Véronique Becette
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Anca Berghian
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Cécile Blanc-Fournier
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Eva Brabencova
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Emmanuelle Charafe-Jauffret
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Chenard
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Marie-Mélanie Dauplat
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Paul Delrée
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Raphaëlle Duprez-Paumier
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Clémence Fleury
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Ghnassia
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Juliette Haudebourg
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Agnès Leroux
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Gaëtan MacGrogan
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Marie-Christine Mathieu
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Patrick Michenet
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Frédérique Penault-Llorca
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Bruno Poulet
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Yves Marie Robin
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Pascal Roger
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Elisabeth Russ
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Lucie Tixier
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Isabelle Treilleux
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Alexander Valent
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Véronique Verriele
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Anne Vincent-Salomon
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Laurent Arnould
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| | - Magali Lacroix-Triki
- Groupe d'étude des facteurs pronostiques immunohistochimiques dans le cancer du sein, Unicancer, 101, rue de Tolbiac, 75654 Paris cedex 13, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhao F, Huo X, Wang M, Liu Z, Zhao Y, Ren D, Xie Q, Liu Z, Li Z, Du F, Shen G, Zhao J. Comparing Biomarkers for Predicting Pathological Responses to Neoadjuvant Therapy in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:731148. [PMID: 34778044 PMCID: PMC8581664 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.731148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The predictive strength and accuracy of some biomarkers for the pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant therapy for HER2-positive breast cancer remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of the HER2-enriched subtype and the presence of PIK3CA mutations, namely, TILs, HRs, and Ki-67, in predicting the pCR to HER2-positive breast cancer therapy. METHODS We screened studies that included pCR predicted by one of the following biomarkers: the HER2-enriched subtype and the presence of PIK3CA mutations, TILs, HRs, or Ki-67. We then calculated the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPVs and NPVs, respectively), and positive and negative likelihood ratios (LRs). Summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves and areas under the curve (AUCs) were used to estimate the diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS The pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity for the HER2-enriched subtype and the presence of PIK3CA mutations, namely, TILs, HRs, and Ki-67, were 0.66 and 0.62, 0.85 and 0.27, 0.49 and 0.61, 0.54 and 0.64, and 0.68 and 0.51, respectively. The AUC of the HER2-enriched subtype was significantly higher (0.71) than those for the presence of TILs (0.59, p = 0.003), HRs (0.65, p = 0.003), and Ki-67 (0.62, p = 0.005). The AUC of the HER2-enriched subtype had a tendency to be higher than that of the presence of PIK3CA mutations (0.58, p = 0.220). Moreover, it had relatively high PPV (0.58) and LR+ (1.77), similar NPV (0.73), and low LR- (0.54) compared with the other four biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS The HER2-enriched subtype has a moderate breast cancer diagnostic accuracy, which is better than those of the presence of PIK3CA mutations, TILs, HRs, and Ki-67.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuxing Zhao
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Xingfa Huo
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Miaozhou Wang
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Dengfeng Ren
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Qiqi Xie
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Zhilin Liu
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Zitao Li
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Feng Du
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), The VIPII Gastrointestinal Cancer Division of Medical Department, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Guoshuang Shen
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Jiuda Zhao
- Breast Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Qinghai University, Xining, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pizzamiglio S, Ciniselli CM, Triulzi T, Gargiuli C, De Cecco L, de Azambuja E, Fumagalli D, Sotiriou C, Harbeck N, Izquierdo M, Nuciforo P, Huober J, Cappelletti V, Cinieri S, Piccart M, Daidone MG, Pruneri G, Colombo MP, Tagliabue E, Verderio P, Di Cosimo S. Integrated Molecular and Immune Phenotype of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer and Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy: A NeoALTTO Exploratory Analysis. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:6307-6313. [PMID: 34548320 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-1600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the efficacy of HER2-targeted therapy in patients with breast cancer showing different HER2-pathway dependence and immune phenotypes. Herein, we report a NeoALTTO exploratory analysis evaluating the clinical value of 22 types of tumor-infiltrating immune cells by CIBERSORT and 5 immune-related metagenes in the overall patient population, and in subgroups defined by the TRAR classifier as HER2-addicted (TRAR-low) or not (TRAR-high). METHODS Association of baseline TRAR, immune-related metagenes, and CIBERSORT data with pathologic complete response (pCR) and event-free survival (EFS) were assessed using logistic and Cox regression models. Corrections for multiple testing were performed by the Bonferroni method. RESULTS A total of 226 patients were analyzed: 80 (35%) achieved a pCR, and 64 (28%) experienced a relapse with a median follow-up of 6.7 (interquartile range 6.1-6.8) years; 108 cases were classified as TRAR-low, and 118 TRAR-high. Overall, γδ T-cell fraction [OR = 2.69; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.40-5.18], and no immune-related metagenes were predictive of pCR. Notably, lymphocyte-specific kinase (LCK) predicted pCR to combination (OR = 2.53; 95% CI, 1.12-5.69), but not to single-agent trastuzumab or lapatinib [OR = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.45-1.22 (P interaction = 0.01)]. Integrating LCK with γδ T cells in a multivariate model added to the discriminatory capability of clinical and molecular variables with a shift in AUC from 0.80 (95% CI, 0.74-0.86) to 0.83 (95% CI, 0.78-0.89). In TRAR-low cases, activated mast cells, IFN and MHCII were reduced, and STAT1, HCK1, and γδ T cells were associated with pCR. STAT1 was broadly associated with improved EFS regardless of pCR, and nodal status in overall (HR = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.49-0.94) and in TRAR-low cases (HR = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.30-0.86). CONCLUSIONS Immuno-phenotyping holds the promise to complement current predictive models in HER2-positive breast cancer and to assist in new therapeutic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pizzamiglio
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Maura Ciniselli
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Triulzi
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Gargiuli
- Biomarkers Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Christos Sotiriou
- Institut Jules Bordet and l'Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.LB), Belgium
| | - Nadia Harbeck
- Brustzentrum der Universität München (LMU), München, Germany
| | | | - Paolo Nuciforo
- Molecular Oncology Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jens Huober
- University of Ulm, Breast Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Vera Cappelletti
- Biomarkers Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Martine Piccart
- Institut Jules Bordet and l'Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.LB), Belgium
| | - Maria Grazia Daidone
- Biomarkers Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Pruneri
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Paolo Colombo
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elda Tagliabue
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Verderio
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Di Cosimo
- Biomarkers Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kundumani-Sridharan V, Subramani J, Owens C, Das KC. Nrg1β Released in Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Improves Myocardial Perfusion and Decreases Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via ErbB2-Mediated Rescue of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase and Abrogation of Trx2 Autophagy. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2293-2314. [PMID: 34039018 PMCID: PMC8288485 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.315957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is an intervention process where the application of multiple cycles of short ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in a remote vascular bed provides protection against I/R injury. However, the identity of the specific RIPC factor and the mechanism by which RIPC alleviates I/R injury remains unclear. Here, we have investigated the identity and the mechanism by which the RIPC factor provides protection. APPROACH AND RESULTS: Using fluorescent in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence, we found that RIPC induces Nrg1β expression in the endothelial cells, which is secreted into the serum. Whereas, RIPC protected against myocardial apoptosis and infarction, treatment with neutralizing-Nrg1 antibodies abolished the protective effect of RIPC. Further, increased superoxide anion generated in RIPC is required for Nrg1 expression. Improved myocardial perfusion and nitric oxide production were achieved by RIPC as determined by contrast echocardiography and electron spin resonance. However, treatment with neutralizing-Nrg1β antibody abrogated these effects, suggesting Nrg1β is a RIPC factor. ErbB2 (Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2) is not expressed in the adult murine cardiomyocytes, but expressed in the endothelial cells of heart which is degraded in I/R. RIPC-induced Nrg1β interacts with endothelial ErbB2 and thereby prevents its degradation. Mitochondrial Trx2 (thioredoxin) is degraded in I/R, but rescue of ErbB2 by Nrg1β prevents Trx-2 degradation that decreased myocardial apoptosis in I/R. CONCLUSIONS: Nrg1β is a RIPC factor that interacts with endothelial ErbB2 and prevents its degradation, which in turn prevents Trx2 degradation due to phosphorylation and inactivation of ATG5 (autophagy-related 5) by ErbB2. Nrg1β also restored loss of eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) function in I/R via its interaction with Src.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaganathan Subramani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock
| | - Cade Owens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock
| | - Kumuda C. Das
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Venet D, Rediti M, Maetens M, Fumagalli D, Brown DN, Majjaj S, Salgado R, Pusztai L, Harbeck N, El-Abed S, Wang Y, Saura C, Gomez H, Semiglazov VF, de Azambuja E, Huober J, Nuciforo P, Di Cosimo S, Piccart M, Loi S, Rothé F, Sotiriou C. Copy Number Aberration Analysis to Predict Response to Neoadjuvant Anti-HER2 Therapy: Results from the NeoALTTO Phase III Clinical Trial. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:5607-5618. [PMID: 34321278 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The heterogeneity of response to anti-HER2 agents represents a major challenge in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. To better understand the sensitivity and resistance to trastuzumab and lapatinib, we investigated the role of copy number aberrations (CNA) in predicting pathologic complete response (pCR) and survival outcomes in the NeoALTTO trial. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The neoadjuvant phase III NeoALTTO trial enrolled 455 patients with HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer. DNA samples from 269 patients were assessed for genome-wide copy number profiling. Recurrent CNAs were found with GISTIC2.0. RESULTS CNA estimates were obtained for 184 patients included in NeoALTTO. Among those, matched transcriptome and whole-exome data were available for 154 and 181 patients, respectively. A significant association between gene copy number and pCR was demonstrated for ERBB2 amplification. Nevertheless, ERBB2 amplification ceased to be predictive once ERBB2 expression level was considered. GISTIC2.0 analysis revealed 159 recurrent CNA regions. Lower copy number levels of the 6q23-24 locus predicted absence of pCR in the whole cohort and in the estrogen receptor-positive subgroup. 6q23-24 deletion was significantly more frequent in TP53 wild-type (WT) compared with TP53-mutated, resulting in copy number levels significantly associated with lack of pCR only in the TP53 WT subgroup. Interestingly, a gene-ontology analysis highlighted several immune processes correlated to 6q23-24 copy number. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis identified ERBB2 copy number as well as 6q23-24 CNAs as predictors of response to anti-HER2-based treatment. ERBB2 expression outperformed ERBB2 amplification. The complexity of the 6q23-24 region warrants further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Venet
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory J.-C. Heuson, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mattia Rediti
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory J.-C. Heuson, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marion Maetens
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory J.-C. Heuson, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - David N Brown
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory J.-C. Heuson, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium.,Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Samira Majjaj
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory J.-C. Heuson, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Roberto Salgado
- Department of Pathology, GZA-ZNA Ziekenhuizen, Antwerp, Belgium.,Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lajos Pusztai
- Breast Medical Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Nadia Harbeck
- Breast Center, Dept OB&GYN and CCC Munich, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Yingbo Wang
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Henry Gomez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Evandro de Azambuja
- Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jens Huober
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Breast Center, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Nuciforo
- Molecular Oncology Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Serena Di Cosimo
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Martine Piccart
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sherene Loi
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Françoise Rothé
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory J.-C. Heuson, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christos Sotiriou
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory J.-C. Heuson, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Induction of EnR stress by Melatonin enhances the cytotoxic effect of Lapatinib in HER2-positive breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2021; 518:82-93. [PMID: 34153400 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite HER2-targeted cancer treatments have provided considerable clinical benefits, resistance to HER2-targeted agents will inevitably develop. Targeting non-oncogene vulnerabilities including endoplasmic reticulum (EnR) stress has emerged as an attractive alternative approach to improve the efficacy of existing targeted cancer therapies. In the current study, we find that Melatonin sensitizes HER2-positive breast cancer cells to the dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor Lapatinib in vitro. Mechanistically, Melatonin enhances the cytotoxic effects of Lapatinib through promoting excessive EnR stress-induced unfolded protein response (UPR) and ROS overaccumulation. Consistently, the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine remarkably reverses the effects of the drug combination on ROS production, DNA damage and cytotoxicity. Furthermore, Melatonin significantly enhances the anti-tumor effect of Lapatinib in an HCC1954 xenograft model. Meanwhile, Lapatinib resistant HER2-positive breast cancer cells (LapR) display lower basal expression levels of UPR genes and enhanced tolerance to EnR stress with attenuated response to Brefeldin A and Tunicamycin. Importantly, Melatonin also increases the sensitivity of HCC1954 LapR cells to Lapatinib. Together, our findings highlight the potential utility of Melatonin as an adjuvant in the treatment of primary or therapy resistant HER2-positive breast cancer via EnR stress-mediated mechanisms.
Collapse
|
21
|
Di Modica M, Gargari G, Regondi V, Bonizzi A, Arioli S, Belmonte B, De Cecco L, Fasano E, Bianchi F, Bertolotti A, Tripodo C, Villani L, Corsi F, Guglielmetti S, Balsari A, Triulzi T, Tagliabue E. Gut Microbiota Condition the Therapeutic Efficacy of Trastuzumab in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2021; 81:2195-2206. [PMID: 33483370 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-1659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that gut microbiota affect the response to anticancer therapies by modulating the host immune system. In this study, we investigated the impact of gut microbiota on immune-mediated trastuzumab antitumor efficacy in preclinical models of HER2-positive breast cancer and in 24 patients with primary HER2-positive breast cancer undergoing trastuzumab-containing neoadjuvant treatment. In mice, the antitumor activity of trastuzumab was impaired by antibiotic administration or fecal microbiota transplantation from antibiotic-treated donors. Modulation of the intestinal microbiota was reflected in tumors by impaired recruitment of CD4+ T cells and granzyme B-positive cells after trastuzumab treatment. Antibiotics caused reductions in dendritic cell (DC) activation and the release of IL12p70 upon trastuzumab treatment, a mechanism that was necessary for trastuzumab effectiveness in our model. In patients, lower α-diversity and lower abundance of Lachnospiraceae, Turicibacteraceae, Bifidobacteriaceae, and Prevotellaceae characterized nonresponsive patients (NR) compared with those who achieved pathologic complete response (R), similar to antibiotic-treated mice. The transfer of fecal microbiota from R and NR into mice bearing HER2-positive breast cancer recapitulated the response to trastuzumab observed in patients. Fecal microbiota β-diversity segregated patients according to response and positively correlated with immune signature related to interferon (IFN) and NO2-IL12 as well as activated CD4+ T cells and activated DCs in tumors. Overall, our data reveal the direct involvement of the gut microbiota in trastuzumab efficacy, suggesting that manipulation of the gut microbiota is an optimal future strategy to achieve a therapeutic effect or to exploit its potential as a biomarker for treatment response. SIGNIFICANCE: Evidence of gut microbiota involvement in trastuzumab efficacy represents the foundation for new therapeutic strategies aimed at manipulating commensal bacteria to improve response in trastuzumab-resistant patients.See related commentary by Sharma, p. 1937 GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/81/8/2195/F1.large.jpg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Di Modica
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gargari
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Viola Regondi
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Bonizzi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco," Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Arioli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Belmonte
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department PROMISE, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Platform of Integrated Biology, Department of Applied Research and Technology Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Fasano
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Bianchi
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Bertolotti
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department PROMISE, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Villani
- Pathology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio Corsi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco," Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Breast Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Guglielmetti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Balsari
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Science for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Triulzi
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elda Tagliabue
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tolmachev V, Orlova A, Sörensen J. The emerging role of radionuclide molecular imaging of HER2 expression in breast cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 72:185-197. [PMID: 33465471 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Targeting of human epidermal growth factor type 2 (HER2) using monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates and tyrosine kinase inhibitors extends survival of patients with HER2-expressing metastatic breast cancer. High expression of HER2 is a predictive biomarker for such specific treatment. Accurate determination of HER2 expression level is necessary for stratification of patients to targeted therapy. Non-invasive in vivo radionuclide molecular imaging of HER2 has a potential of repetitive measurements, addressing issues of heterogeneous expression and conversion of HER2 status during disease progression or in response to therapy. Imaging probes based of several classes of targeting proteins are currently in preclinical and early clinical development. Both preclinical and clinical data suggest that the most promising are imaging agents based on small proteins, such as single domain antibodies or engineered scaffold proteins. These agents permit a very specific high-contrast imaging at the day of injection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia.
| | - Anna Orlova
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jens Sörensen
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Melatonin potentiates the cytotoxic effect of Neratinib in HER2 + breast cancer through promoting endocytosis and lysosomal degradation of HER2. Oncogene 2021; 40:6273-6283. [PMID: 34556812 PMCID: PMC8566236 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02015-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Complete blockade of the HER2 protein itself and HER signaling network is critical to achieving effective HER2-targeted therapies. Despite the success of HER2-targeted therapies, the diseases will relapse in a significant fraction of patients with HER2+ breast cancers. How to improve the therapeutic efficacy of existing HER2-targeted agents remains an unmet clinical need. Here, we uncover a role of Melatonin in diminishing HER2-mediated signaling by destruction of HER2 protein. Mechanistically, Melatonin treatment attenuated the protective effect of the HSP90 chaperone complex on its client protein HER2, triggering ubiquitylation and subsequent endocytic lysosomal degradation of HER2. The inhibitory effect of Melatonin on HER2 signaling substantially enhanced the cytotoxic effects of the pan-HER inhibitor Neratinib in HER2+ breast cancer cells. Lastly, we demonstrate that dual inhibition of HER2 by combined use of Melatonin and Neratinib effectively blocked the growth of HER2+ breast tumor xenografts in vivo. Our findings shed light on the potential use of Melatonin in a novel dual HER2 blockade strategy for HER2+ breast cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
24
|
Molinelli C, Parisi F, Razeti MG, Arecco L, Cosso M, Fregatti P, Del Mastro L, Poggio F, Lambertini M. Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) as adjuvant treatment of HER2-positive early breast cancer: safety and efficacy. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2020; 21:241-250. [PMID: 33245671 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2021.1857243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The prognosis of patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer has radically improved after the introduction of (neo)adjuvant anti-HER2 targeted therapy. Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is an antibody-drug conjugate combining the anticancer properties of the anti-HER2 agent trastuzumab and the antineoplastic cytotoxic drug DM1. After demonstrating to be an effective and safe treatment for patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer, the development of T-DM1 has moved to the early setting.Areas covered: The aim of this review is to explore the current role of T-DM1 in the treatment landscape of HER2-positive early breast cancer, focusing specifically on the efficacy and safety data available in the adjuvant setting.Expert opinion: T-DM1 is an effective and safe treatment option in the adjuvant setting for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer without pathologic complete response after standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus anti-HER2 targeted therapy. With the availability of more effective anti-HER2 targeted agents, including T-DM1, there is an urgent need for more chemotherapy de-escalation research efforts in the early setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Molinelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Breast Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesca Parisi
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O.C. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Razeti
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O.C. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Arecco
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O.C. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cosso
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Piero Fregatti
- Department of Surgery, U.O.C. Clinica di Chirurgia Senologica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.,Department of Integrated Diagnostic Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Lucia Del Mastro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Breast Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI), School of Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesca Poggio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Breast Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Matteo Lambertini
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O.C. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI), School of Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Choong GM, Cullen GD, O'Sullivan CC. Evolving standards of care and new challenges in the management of HER2-positive breast cancer. CA Cancer J Clin 2020; 70:355-374. [PMID: 32813307 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-positive breast cancer (BC) has rapidly evolved over the last 20 years. Major advances have led to US Food and Drug Administration approval of 7 HER2-targeted therapies for the treatment of early-stage and/or advanced-stage disease. Although oncologic outcomes continue to improve, most patients with advanced HER2-positive BC ultimately die of their disease because of primary or acquired resistance to therapy, and patients with HER2-positive early BC who have residual invasive disease after preoperative systemic therapy are at a higher risk of distant recurrence and death. The concept of treatment de-escalation and escalation is increasingly important to optimally tailor therapy for patients with HER2-positive BC and is a major focus of the current review. Research efforts in this regard are discussed as well as updates regarding the evolving standard of care in the (neo)adjuvant and metastatic settings, including the use of novel combination therapies. The authors also briefly discuss ongoing challenges in the management of HER2-positive BC (eg, intrinsic vs acquired drug resistance, the identification of predictive biomarkers, the integration of imaging techniques to guide clinical practice), and the treatment of HER2-positive brain metastases. Research aimed at superseding these challenges will be imperative to ensure continued progress in the management of HER2-positive BC going forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace M Choong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Grace D Cullen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cesca MG, Vian L, Cristóvão-Ferreira S, Pondé N, de Azambuja E. HER2-positive advanced breast cancer treatment in 2020. Cancer Treat Rev 2020; 88:102033. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2020.102033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
27
|
Zervantonakis IK, Poskus MD, Scott AL, Selfors LM, Lin JR, Dillon DA, Pathania S, Sorger PK, Mills GB, Brugge JS. Fibroblast-tumor cell signaling limits HER2 kinase therapy response via activation of MTOR and antiapoptotic pathways. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:16500-16508. [PMID: 32601199 PMCID: PMC7368275 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2000648117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the implementation of multiple HER2-targeted therapies, patients with advanced HER2+ breast cancer ultimately develop drug resistance. Stromal fibroblasts represent an abundant cell type in the tumor microenvironment and have been linked to poor outcomes and drug resistance. Here, we show that fibroblasts counteract the cytotoxic effects of HER2 kinase-targeted therapy in a subset of HER2+ breast cancer cell lines and allow cancer cells to proliferate in the presence of the HER2 kinase inhibitor lapatinib. Fibroblasts from primary breast tumors, normal breast tissue, and lung tissue have similar protective effects on tumor cells via paracrine factors. This fibroblast-mediated reduction in drug sensitivity involves increased expression of antiapoptotic proteins and sustained activation of the PI3K/AKT/MTOR pathway, despite inhibition of the HER2 and the RAS-ERK pathways in tumor cells. HER2 therapy sensitivity is restored in the fibroblast cocultures by combination treatment with inhibitors of MTOR or the antiapoptotic proteins BCL-XL and MCL-1. Expression of activated AKT in tumor cells recapitulates the effects of fibroblasts resulting in sustained MTOR signaling and poor lapatinib response. Lapatinib sensitivity was not altered by fibroblasts in tumor cells that exhibited sustained MTOR signaling due to a strong gain-of-function PI3KCA mutation. These findings indicate that in addition to tumor cell-intrinsic mechanisms that cause constitutive PI3K/AKT/MTOR pathway activation, secreted factors from fibroblasts can maintain this pathway in the context of HER2 inhibition. Our integrated proteomic-phenotypic approach presents a strategy for the discovery of protective mechanisms in fibroblast-rich tumors and the design of rational combination therapies to restore drug sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis K Zervantonakis
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213;
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Matthew D Poskus
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Alexis L Scott
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Laura M Selfors
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Jia-Ren Lin
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Deborah A Dillon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Shailja Pathania
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Joan S Brugge
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chen FM, Huang LJ, Ou-Yang F, Kan JY, Kao LC, Hou MF. Activation of mitochondrial unfolded protein response is associated with Her2-overexpression breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 183:61-70. [PMID: 32601970 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05729-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mitochondrial unfolding protein are abundant in breast cancer cells, but the mechanism by which breast cancer cells resist apoptosis is still not fully elucidated. In this study, we explored the role of mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR)-related proteins in four types of breast cancer tissues. METHODS Mitochondrial fractions were taken from four breast cancer tissues (luminal A, luminal B, Her2 -overexpression, and TNBC) and the expression of mitochondrial polyubiquitinated proteins was observed by western blot and ELISA. In addition, the expression of hsp10, hsp60, and clpp in mitochondria was observed by western blot in breast cancer tissues and adjacent tissues, and confirmed by ELISA. The expression levels of hsp10 and hsp60 were correlated with clinicopathological parameters in 114 breast cancer patients. RESULTS We found an increase in the performance of mitochondrial polyubiquitinated proteins in breast cancer tissues of luminal A, luminal B, Her2-overexpression, and TNBC. The mitochondrial hsp10, hsp60, and clpp are abundantly expressed in breast cancer tissues rather than adjacent noncancerous tissues. The expression levels of mitochondrial hsp10 and hsp60 were highest in histological grade 3 breast cancer tissues. Additionally, mitochondria with high hsp60 expression were more present in Her2-positive tumors. CONCLUSIONS We observed that mtUPR was specifically activated in breast cancer tissues but inactivated in normal mammary tissue. MtUPR had also exhibited a particular increase in Her2-overexpression tumors but not in ER- or PR-positive tumors. Taken together, we suggested that mtUPR may act as a potential candidate for developing novel Her2-overexpression breast cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ming Chen
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, No. 68, Zhonghua 3rd Rd., Qianjin Dist., Kaohsiung, 801, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan, ROC.,Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li-Ju Huang
- Center of Teaching and Research, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fu Ou-Yang
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, No. 68, Zhonghua 3rd Rd., Qianjin Dist., Kaohsiung, 801, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jung-Yu Kan
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, No. 68, Zhonghua 3rd Rd., Qianjin Dist., Kaohsiung, 801, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li-Chun Kao
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, No. 68, Zhonghua 3rd Rd., Qianjin Dist., Kaohsiung, 801, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan, ROC. .,Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, No. 68, Zhonghua 3rd Rd., Qianjin Dist., Kaohsiung, 801, Taiwan, ROC. .,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan, ROC. .,Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Brandão M, Caparica R, Malorni L, Prat A, Carey LA, Piccart M. What Is the Real Impact of Estrogen Receptor Status on the Prognosis and Treatment of HER2-Positive Early Breast Cancer? Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:2783-2788. [PMID: 32046997 PMCID: PMC8324078 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-2612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
HER2+ early breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, comprising all the intrinsic breast cancer subtypes. The only biomarker available nowadays for anti-HER2 treatment selection is HER2 status itself, but estrogen receptor (ER) status is emerging as a robust predictive marker within HER2+ disease. In this Perspective, we discuss the biological and clinical differences between patients with HER2+/ER-positive (ER+) disease versus those with HER2+/ER-negative (ER-neg) tumors, namely, short-term and long-term (>5 years after diagnosis) prognosis, response to neoadjuvant treatment and benefit from adjuvant anti-HER2-targeted therapies. We also address other possible biomarkers to be used for patient selection in future clinical trials, such as gene signatures, PAM50 subtypes, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, PIK3CA mutations, and changes in Ki67 score during treatment and discuss their limitations. Finally, we suggest new clinical trial designs that can have an impact on clinical practice, aiming to test treatment deescalation separately for patients with HER2+/ER+ and HER2+/ER-neg tumors. We also propose an integrated classification of HER2+ disease, comprising DNA, RNA, protein expression, and microenvironment characteristics, in order to identify those tumors that are truly "HER2-addicted" and may benefit the most from anti-HER2 treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Brandão
- Institut Jules Bordet and Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Boulevard de Waterloo 121, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rafael Caparica
- Institut Jules Bordet and Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Boulevard de Waterloo 121, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luca Malorni
- "Sandro Pitigliani" Oncology Department and Translational Research Unit, Hospital of Prato, Via Suor Niccolina, Prato, Italy
| | - Aleix Prat
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lisa A Carey
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Martine Piccart
- Institut Jules Bordet and Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Boulevard de Waterloo 121, 1000, Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gooding AJ, Schiemann WP. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Programs and Cancer Stem Cell Phenotypes: Mediators of Breast Cancer Therapy Resistance. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:1257-1270. [PMID: 32503922 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) programs play essential functions in normal morphogenesis and organogenesis, including that occurring during mammary gland development and glandular regeneration. Historically, EMT programs were believed to reflect a loss of epithelial gene expression signatures and morphologies that give way to those associated with mesenchymal cells and their enhanced migratory and invasive behaviors. However, accumulating evidence now paints EMT programs as representing a spectrum of phenotypic behaviors that also serve to enhance cell survival, immune tolerance, and perhaps even metastatic dormancy. Equally important, the activation of EMT programs in transformed mammary epithelial cells not only enhances their acquisition of invasive and metastatic behaviors, but also expands their generation of chemoresistant breast cancer stem cells (BCSC). Importantly, the net effect of these events results in the appearance of recurrent metastatic lesions that remain refractory to the armamentarium of chemotherapies and targeted therapeutic agents deployed against advanced stage breast cancers. Here we review the molecular and cellular mechanisms that contribute to the pathophysiology of EMT programs in human breast cancers and how these events impact their "stemness" and acquisition of chemoresistant phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Gooding
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - William P Schiemann
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Antiviral Activity of Compound L3 against Dengue and Zika Viruses In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114050. [PMID: 32517029 PMCID: PMC7312370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) are mosquito-borne flaviviruses that cause severe illness after infection. Currently, there are no specific or effective treatments against DENV and ZIKV. Previous studies have shown that tyrosine kinase activities and signal transduction are involved in flavivirus replication, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for DENV and ZIKV. In this study, we found that compound L3 can significantly reduce viral protein expression and viral titers in HEK-293, MCF-7, HepG2, and Huh-7 cells and exhibits superior therapeutic efficacy against flaviviral infection compared to other tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In addition, compound L3 can decrease endogenous HER2 activation and inhibit the phosphorylation of the HER2 downstream signaling molecules Src and ERK1/2, the levels of which have been associated with viral protein expression in MCF-7 cells. Moreover, silencing HER2 diminished DENV-2 and ZIKV expression in MCF-7 cells, which suggests that HER2 activity is involved in flavivirus replication. Furthermore, in DENV-2-infected AG129 mice, treatment with compound L3 increased the survival rates and reduced the viremia levels. Overall, compound L3 demonstrates therapeutic efficacy both in vitro and in vivo and could be developed as a promising antiviral drug against emerging flaviviruses or for concurrent DENV and ZIKV outbreaks.
Collapse
|
32
|
Prognostic value of HER2 status on circulating tumor cells in advanced-stage breast cancer patients with HER2-negative tumors. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 181:679-689. [PMID: 32367460 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05662-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Discordance between HER2 expression in tumor tissue (tHER2) and HER2 status on circulating tumor cells (cHER2) has been reported. It remains largely underexplored whether patients with tHER2-/cHER2+ can benefit from anti-HER2 targeted therapies. METHODS cHER2 status was determined in 105 advanced-stage patients with tHER2- breast tumors. Association between cHER2 status and progression-free survival (PFS) was analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox models and survival differences were compared by Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS Compared to the patients with low-risk cHER2 (cHER2+ < 2), those with high-risk cHER2 (cHER2+ ≥ 2) had shorter survival time and an increased risk for disease progression (hazard ratio [HR] 2.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20-3.88, P = 0.010). Among the patients with high-risk cHER2, those who received anti-HER2 targeted therapies had improved PFS compared with those who did not (HR 0.30, 95% CI 0.10-0.92, P = 0.035). In comparison, anti-HER2 targeted therapy did not affect PFS among those with low-risk cHER2 (HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.36-1.38, P = 0.306). Similar results were obtained after adjusting covariates. A longitudinal analysis of 67 patients with cHER2 detected during follow-ups found that those whose cHER2 status changed from high-risk at baseline to low-risk at first follow-up exhibited a significantly improved survival compared to those whose cHER2 remained high-risk (median PFS: 11.7 weeks vs. 2.0 weeks, log-rank P = 0.001). CONCLUSION In advanced-stage breast cancer patients with tHER2- tumors, cHER2 status has the potential to guide the use of anti-HER2 targeted therapy in patients with high-risk cHER2.
Collapse
|
33
|
Kim D, Woo HK, Lee C, Min Y, Kumar S, Sunkara V, Jo HG, Lee YJ, Kim J, Ha HK, Cho YK. EV-Ident: Identifying Tumor-Specific Extracellular Vesicles by Size Fractionation and Single-Vesicle Analysis. Anal Chem 2020; 92:6010-6018. [PMID: 32207920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising source of circulating biomarkers for liquid biopsies. However, understanding the heterogeneous physical and biochemical properties of EVs originating from multiple complex biogenesis pathways remains a major challenge. Here, we introduce EV-Ident for preparation of subpopulations of EVs in three different size fractions: large EVs (EV200 nm; 200-1 000 nm), medium EVs (EV100 nm; 100-200 nm), and small EVs (EV20 nm; 20-100 nm). Furthermore, this technology enables the in situ labeling of fluorescence markers for the protein profiling of individual EVs. As a proof-of-concept, we analyzed the presence of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in breast cancer and prostate cancer cell-derived EVs, respectively, using three different size fractions at the single-EV level. By reducing the complexity of EV heterogeneity in each size fraction, we found that HER2-positive breast cancer cells showed the greatest expression of HER2 in EV20 nm, whereas PSMA expression was the highest in EV200 nm derived from PSMA-expressing prostate cancer cells. This increase in HER2 expression in EV20 nm and PSMA expression in EV200 nm was further confirmed in plasma-derived nanoparticles (PNPs) obtained from breast and prostate cancer patients, respectively. Our study demonstrates that single-EV analysis using EV-Ident provides a practical way to understand EV heterogeneity and to successfully identify potent subpopulation of EVs for breast and prostate cancer, which has promising translational implications for cancer theranostics. Furthermore, these findings have the potential to address fundamental questions surrounding the biology and clinical applications of EVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyoung Kim
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Woo
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaeeun Lee
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoohong Min
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Vijaya Sunkara
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwi-Gyeong Jo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Lee
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisun Kim
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Koo Ha
- Department of Urology, Pusan National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Cho
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li G, Xie Q, Yang Z, Wang L, Zhang X, Zuo B, Zhang S, Yang A, Jia L. Sp1-mediated epigenetic dysregulation dictates HDAC inhibitor susceptibility of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:3285-3298. [PMID: 31111958 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/erbB2) is a key driver and therapeutic target for breast cancer. The treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer remains a clinical challenge largely due to the limited understanding of HER2-driving oncogenic signaling and the frequent resistance to simply HER2-targeted therapy. Here, we show that the histone deacetylase inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA), suppresses HER2-overexpressing breast cancer via upregulation of miR-146a and the resultant repression of its oncogenic targets, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 and the chemokine receptor CXCR4. Mechanistically, histone H3K56 acetylation and deacetylation on the MIR146A promoter are catalyzed respectively by the acetyltransferase p300 and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), both of which are recruited to the genomic loci by the transcription factor specificity protein 1 (Sp1). HER2 signaling phosphorylates Sp1 and induces its predominant association with HDAC1, but not p300, leading to histone hypoacetylation and silencing of MIR146A. In addition, the death receptor Fas is similarly downregulated by the aforementioned epigenetic paradigm, indicating its wide involvement in impairing tumor suppressor gene expression. Consequently, TSA synergizes with lapatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of HER2, to suppress breast cancer in vitro and in rodent models. These findings demonstrate a novel mechanism of HER2-driven carcinogenesis and suggest the applicability of combined HER2 and HDAC targeting in breast cancer therapy.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Down-Regulation/drug effects
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Epigenesis, Genetic/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Histone Deacetylase 1/genetics
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Histone Deacetylases/genetics
- Humans
- MCF-7 Cells
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/drug effects
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/genetics
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
- Transcription, Genetic/genetics
- Transcriptional Activation/drug effects
- Transcriptional Activation/genetics
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoyin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Qiaosheng Xie
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Yang
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baile Zuo
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengli Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Angang Yang
- Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lintao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Holmes FA, Levin MK, Cao Y, Balasubramanian S, Ross JS, Krekow L, McIntyre K, Osborne C, Espina V, Liotta L, O’Shaughnessy J. Comutation of PIK3CA and TP53 in Residual Disease After Preoperative Anti-HER2 Therapy in ERBB2 (HER2)-Amplified Early Breast Cancer. JCO Precis Oncol 2019; 3:1-26. [DOI: 10.1200/po.18.00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify proteomic and genomic alterations in residual disease (RD) for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive (HER2+) breast cancer (BC) after preoperative trastuzumab (H), lapatinib (L), or both (H+L) in combination with chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with stage II/III HER2+ BC (n = 100) were randomly assigned to preoperative treatment with H versus L 1,250mg versus H+L (L: 750 to 1,000 mg) plus 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide, followed by weekly paclitaxel. After receiving institutional review board–approved informed consent, targeted next-generation sequencing was performed on 20 patients’ formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tumors to characterize genomic alterations across 287 cancer-related genes. Reverse phase protein array (RPPA) analysis was performed on both the baseline biopsy and RD specimens, when available. RESULTS Two of 20 RD tissues were HER2 negative per next-generation sequencing; one sample had insufficient tissue. Of six pretreatment biopsy specimens, four were comutated with TP53 and PIK3CA. Of 17 HER2+ RD, seven specimens (41%) had PIK3CA mutations always comutated with TP53, and four (24%) also had concurrent CDK12 amplification. Overall, CDK12 amplification was observed in eight of the 17 (47%) HER2+ RD specimens. A total of 12 RD specimens (71%) had TP53 mutations. Although prevalence of individual TP53 and PIK3CA mutations was only modestly higher than published estimates for those in HER2+ primary BCs (55% and 32% for TP53 and PIK3CA, respectively), prevalence of these as comutations appeared higher (41%), compared with less than 10% in several series. On RPPA analysis of the RD tissue with comutations, the strongest Spearman ρ correlations were limited to EGFR and phospho-AKT (ρ, 0.999; P = .019) and phospho-mTOR and phospho-S6 ribosomal protein (ρ, 0.994; P = .048). CONCLUSION HER2-amplified RD tissue after preoperative H, L, or H+L plus chemotherapy was enriched for PIK3CA and TP53 comutations, and the RD tissue demonstrated activation of EGFR/AKT/mTOR signaling on RPPA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frankie Ann Holmes
- Texas Oncology, Houston, TX
- US Oncology McKesson Specialty Health, The Woodlands, TX
| | | | - Ying Cao
- Valley Medical Oncology Consultants, Pleasanton, CA
| | | | - Jeffrey S. Ross
- Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - Lea Krekow
- US Oncology McKesson Specialty Health, The Woodlands, TX
- Texas Oncology, Bedford, TX
| | - Kristi McIntyre
- US Oncology McKesson Specialty Health, The Woodlands, TX
- Texas Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - Cynthia Osborne
- US Oncology McKesson Specialty Health, The Woodlands, TX
- Texas Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | | | | | - Joyce O’Shaughnessy
- US Oncology McKesson Specialty Health, The Woodlands, TX
- Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Texas Oncology, Dallas, TX
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
The 41-gene classifier TRAR predicts response of HER2 positive breast cancer patients in the NeoALTTO study. Eur J Cancer 2019; 118:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
37
|
Viale G, Morganti S, Ferraro E, Zagami P, Marra A, Curigliano G. What therapies are on the horizon for HER2 positive breast cancer? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019; 19:811-822. [PMID: 31448640 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2019.1660164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Despite dramatic improvements in survival achieved with currently available anti-HER2 agents, HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer remains an almost invariably deadly disease, with primary or acquired resistance to HER2-directed agents developing during treatment. Many efforts are focused on identifying new agents that may more effectively inhibit HER2 signaling and on possible combination strategies. Areas covered: This review summarizes the landscape of drugs under development for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer, as antibody-drug conjugates, monoclonal anti-HER2 antibodies, bispecific antibodies, or novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Moreover, available data for possible combination of anti-HER2 drugs and different agents, as immunotherapy, PI3K/mTOR inhibitors, CDK4/6 inhibitors currently under evaluation are reviewed. These strategies may overcome mechanisms of resistance and further improve patient outcomes. Expert opinion: Identification of valuable predictive biomarkers is needed to better inform choice of treatment sequence for the individual patient and limit the financial toxicity of these agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Viale
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS , Milan , Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Stefania Morganti
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS , Milan , Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Emanuela Ferraro
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS , Milan , Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Paola Zagami
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS , Milan , Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Antonio Marra
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS , Milan , Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS , Milan , Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Investigating circulating tumor cells and distant metastases in patient-derived orthotopic xenograft models of triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:98. [PMID: 31462307 PMCID: PMC6714238 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-019-1182-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent a temporal "snapshot" of a patient's cancer and changes that occur during disease evolution. There is an extensive literature studying CTCs in breast cancer patients, and particularly in those with metastatic disease. In parallel, there is an increasing use of patient-derived models in preclinical investigations of human cancers. Yet studies are still limited demonstrating CTC shedding and metastasis formation in patient-derived models of breast cancer. METHODS We used seven patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) models generated from triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients to study CTCs and distant metastases. Tumor fragments from PDOX tissue from each of the seven models were implanted into 57 NOD scid gamma (NSG) mice, and tumor growth and volume were monitored. Human CTC capture from mouse blood was first optimized on the marker-agnostic Vortex CTC isolation platform, and whole blood was processed from 37 PDOX tumor-bearing mice. RESULTS Staining and imaging revealed the presence of CTCs in 32/37 (86%). The total number of CTCs varied between different PDOX tumor models and between individual mice bearing the same PDOX tumors. CTCs were heterogeneous and showed cytokeratin (CK) positive, vimentin (VIM) positive, and mixed CK/VIM phenotypes. Metastases were detected in the lung (20/57, 35%), liver (7/57, 12%), and brain (1/57, less than 2%). The seven different PDOX tumor models displayed varying degrees of metastatic potential, including one TNBC PDOX tumor model that failed to generate any detectable metastases (0/8 mice) despite having CTCs present in the blood of 5/5 tested, suggesting that CTCs from this particular PDOX tumor model may typify metastatic inefficiency. CONCLUSION PDOX tumor models that shed CTCs and develop distant metastases represent an important tool for investigating TNBC.
Collapse
|
39
|
Kodumudi KN, Ramamoorthi G, Snyder C, Basu A, Jia Y, Awshah S, Beyer AP, Wiener D, Lam L, Zhang H, Greene MI, Costa RLB, Czerniecki BJ. Sequential Anti-PD1 Therapy Following Dendritic Cell Vaccination Improves Survival in a HER2 Mammary Carcinoma Model and Identifies a Critical Role for CD4 T Cells in Mediating the Response. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1939. [PMID: 31475002 PMCID: PMC6702967 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with metastatic HER2 breast cancer (MBC) often become resistant to HER 2 targeted therapy and have recurrence of disease. The Panacea trial suggested that HER2 MBC patients were more likely to respond to checkpoint therapy if TIL were present or if tumor expressed PD-L1. We assessed whether type I polarized dendritic cells (DC1) could improve checkpoint therapy in a preclinical model of HER2+ breast cancer. TUBO bearing mice were vaccinated with either MHC class I or class II HER2 peptide pulsed DC1 (class I or class II HER2-DC1) concurrently or sequentially with administration of anti-PD-1 or anti-PDL1. Infiltration of tumors by immune cells, induction of anti-HER2 immunity and response to therapy was evaluated. Class I or class II HER2-DC1 vaccinated mice generated anti-HER2 CD8 or CD4+ T cell immune responses and demonstrated delayed tumor growth. Combining both MHC class I and II HER2-pulsed DC1 did not further result in inhibition of tumor growth or enhanced survival compared to individual administration. Interestingly class II HER2-DC1 led to both increased CD4 and CD8 T cells in the tumor microenvironment while class I peptides typically resulted in only increased CD8 T cells. Anti-PD-1 but not anti-PD-L1 administered sequentially with class I or class II HER2-DC1 vaccine could improve the efficacy of HER2-DC1 vaccine as measured by tumor growth, survival, infiltration of tumors by T cells and increase in systemic anti-HER2 immune responses. Depletion of CD4+ T cells abrogated the anti-tumor efficacy of combination therapy with class II HER2-DC1 and anti-PD-1, suggesting that tumor regression was CD4 dependent. Since class II HER2-DC1 was as effective as class I, we combined class II HER2-DC1 vaccine with anti-rat neu antibodies and anti-PD-1 therapy. Combination therapy demonstrated further delay in tumor growth, and enhanced survival compared to control mice. In summary, Class II HER2-DC1 drives both a CD4 and CD8 T cell tumor infiltration that leads to increased survival, and in combination with anti-HER2 therapy and checkpoint blockade can improve survival in preclinical models of HER2 positive breast cancer and warrants exploration in patients with HER2 MBC.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- B7-H1 Antigen/antagonists & inhibitors
- B7-H1 Antigen/immunology
- B7-H1 Antigen/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/therapy
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cancer Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Female
- Humans
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Transgenic
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/immunology
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/metabolism
- Rats
- Receptor, ErbB-2/immunology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Survival Analysis
- Treatment Outcome
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Tumor Burden/immunology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krithika N. Kodumudi
- Clinical Science & Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Ganesan Ramamoorthi
- Clinical Science & Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Colin Snyder
- Clinical Science & Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Amrita Basu
- Clinical Science & Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Yongsheng Jia
- Clinical Science & Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Breast Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Sabrina Awshah
- Clinical Science & Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Amber P. Beyer
- Clinical Science & Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Doris Wiener
- Clinical Science & Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Lian Lam
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mark I. Greene
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ricardo L. B. Costa
- Clinical Science & Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Breast Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Brian J. Czerniecki
- Clinical Science & Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Breast Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Vorobyeva A, Schulga A, Konovalova E, Güler R, Löfblom J, Sandström M, Garousi J, Chernov V, Bragina O, Orlova A, Tolmachev V, Deyev SM. Optimal composition and position of histidine-containing tags improves biodistribution of 99mTc-labeled DARPin G3. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9405. [PMID: 31253840 PMCID: PMC6599047 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45795-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Radionuclide molecular imaging of HER2 expression in disseminated cancer enables stratification of patients for HER2-targeted therapies. DARPin G3, a small (14 kDa) engineered scaffold protein, is a promising probe for imaging of HER2. We hypothesized that position (C- or N-terminus) and composition (hexahistidine or (HE)3) of histidine-containing tags would influence the biodistribution of [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-labeled DARPin G3. To test the hypothesis, G3 variants containing tags at N-terminus (H6-G3 and (HE)3-G3) or at C-terminus (G3-H6 and G3-(HE)3) were labeled with [99mTc]Tc(CO)3. Labeling yield, label stability, specificity and affinity of the binding to HER2, biodistribution and tumor targeting properties of these variants were compared side-by-side. There was no substantial influence of position and composition of the tags on binding of [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-labeled variants to HER2. The specificity of HER2 targeting in vivo was confirmed. The tumor uptake in BALB/c nu/nu mice bearing SKOV3 xenografts was similar for all variants. On the opposite, there was a strong influence of the tags on uptake in normal tissues. The tumor-to-liver ratio for [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-(HE)3-G3 was three-fold higher compared to the hexahistidine-tag containing variants. Overall, [99mTc]Tc(CO)3-(HE)3-G3 variant provided the highest tumor-to-lung, tumor-to-liver, tumor-to-bone and tumor-to-muscle ratios, which should improve sensitivity of HER2 imaging in these common metastatic sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alexey Schulga
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Konovalova
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Rezan Güler
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Löfblom
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Sandström
- Nuclear Medicine and PET, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Javad Garousi
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Chernov
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Olga Bragina
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anna Orlova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Sergey M Deyev
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia.,Bio-Nanophotonic Lab, Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI", Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Darini C, Ghaddar N, Chabot C, Assaker G, Sabri S, Wang S, Krishnamoorthy J, Buchanan M, Aguilar-Mahecha A, Abdulkarim B, Deschenes J, Torres J, Ursini-Siegel J, Basik M, Koromilas AE. An integrated stress response via PKR suppresses HER2+ cancers and improves trastuzumab therapy. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2139. [PMID: 31086176 PMCID: PMC6513990 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10138-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Trastuzumab is integral to HER2+ cancer treatment, but its therapeutic index is narrowed by the development of resistance. Phosphorylation of the translation initiation factor eIF2α (eIF2α-P) is the nodal point of the integrated stress response, which promotes survival or death in a context-dependent manner. Here, we show an anti-tumor function of the protein kinase PKR and its substrate eIF2α in a mouse HER2+ breast cancer model. The anti-tumor function depends on the transcription factor ATF4, which upregulates the CDK inhibitor P21CIP1 and activates JNK1/2. The PKR/eIF2α-P arm is induced by Trastuzumab in sensitive but not resistant HER2+ breast tumors. Also, eIF2α-P stimulation by the phosphatase inhibitor SAL003 substantially increases Trastuzumab potency in resistant HER2+ breast and gastric tumors. Increased eIF2α-P prognosticates a better response of HER2+ metastatic breast cancer patients to Trastuzumab therapy. Hence, the PKR/eIF2α-P arm antagonizes HER2 tumorigenesis whereas its pharmacological stimulation improves the efficacy of Trastuzumab therapy. The HER2 monoclonal antibody, Trastuzumab, is the current standard treatment for HER2+ cancers but resistance to therapy occurs. Here, the authors show that activation of the PKR/eIF2α-P pathway exhibits anti-tumor effects in HER2+ cancer and is required for the response to Trastuzumab.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Darini
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Nour Ghaddar
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Catherine Chabot
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Gloria Assaker
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.,Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Siham Sabri
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.,Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Shuo Wang
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Jothilatha Krishnamoorthy
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Marguerite Buchanan
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Adriana Aguilar-Mahecha
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Bassam Abdulkarim
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4A 3T2, Canada
| | - Jean Deschenes
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Jose Torres
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Josie Ursini-Siegel
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4A 3T2, Canada
| | - Mark Basik
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4A 3T2, Canada
| | - Antonis E Koromilas
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada. .,Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H4A 3T2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Gooding AJ, Parker KA, Valadkhan S, Schiemann WP. The IncRNA BORG: A novel inducer of TNBC metastasis, chemoresistance, and disease recurrence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 5. [PMID: 31435529 DOI: 10.20517/2394-4722.2019.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although greater than 90% of breast cancer-related mortality can be attributed to metastases, the molecular mechanisms underpinning the dissemination of primary breast tumor cells and their ability to establish malignant lesions in distant tissues remain incompletely understood. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses identified a class of transcripts called long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), which interact both directly and indirectly with key components of gene regulatory networks to alter cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. We identified a pro-metastatic lncRNA BORG whose aberrant expression promotes metastatic relapse by reactivating proliferative programs in dormant disseminated tumor cells (DTCs). BORG expression is broadly and strongly induced by environmental and chemotherapeutic stresses, a transcriptional response that facilitates the survival of DTCs. Transcriptomic reprogramming in response to BORG resulted in robust signaling via survival and viability pathways, as well as decreased activation of cell death pathways. As such, BORG expression acts as a (i) marker capable of predicting which breast cancer patients are predisposed to develop secondary metastatic lesions, and (ii) unique therapeutic target to maximize chemosensitivity of DTCs. Here we review the molecular and cellular factors that contribute to the pathophysiological activities of BORG during its regulation of breast cancer metastasis, chemoresistance, and disease recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Gooding
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Kimberly A Parker
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Saba Valadkhan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - William P Schiemann
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Conway JRW, Herrmann D, Evans TRJ, Morton JP, Timpson P. Combating pancreatic cancer with PI3K pathway inhibitors in the era of personalised medicine. Gut 2019; 68:742-758. [PMID: 30396902 PMCID: PMC6580874 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most deadly solid tumours. This is due to a generally late-stage diagnosis of a primarily treatment-refractory disease. Several large-scale sequencing and mass spectrometry approaches have identified key drivers of this disease and in doing so highlighted the vast heterogeneity of lower frequency mutations that make clinical trials of targeted agents in unselected patients increasingly futile. There is a clear need for improved biomarkers to guide effective targeted therapies, with biomarker-driven clinical trials for personalised medicine becoming increasingly common in several cancers. Interestingly, many of the aberrant signalling pathways in PDAC rely on downstream signal transduction through the mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways, which has led to the development of several approaches to target these key regulators, primarily as combination therapies. The following review discusses the trend of PDAC therapy towards molecular subtyping for biomarker-driven personalised therapies, highlighting the key pathways under investigation and their relationship to the PI3K pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James RW Conway
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Herrmann
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - TR Jeffry Evans
- Cancer Department, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jennifer P Morton
- Cancer Department, Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Paul Timpson
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Pernas S, Tolaney SM. HER2-positive breast cancer: new therapeutic frontiers and overcoming resistance. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2019; 11:1758835919833519. [PMID: 30911337 PMCID: PMC6425535 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919833519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of anti-HER2 therapies to the treatment of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer has led to dramatic improvements in survival in both early and advanced settings. Despite this breakthrough, nearly all patients with metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer eventually progress on anti-HER2 therapy due to de novo or acquired resistance. A better understanding not only of the underlying mechanisms of HER2 therapy resistance but of tumor heterogeneity as well as the host and tumor microenvironment is essential for the development of new strategies to further improve patient outcomes. One strategy has focused on inhibiting the HER2 signaling pathway more effectively with dual-blockade approaches and developing improved anti-HER2 therapies like antibody-drug conjugates, new anti-HER2 antibodies, bispecific antibodies, or novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors that might replace or be used in addition to some of the current anti-HER2 treatments. Combinations of anti-HER2 therapy with other agents like immune checkpoint inhibitors, CDK4/6 inhibitors, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors are also being extensively evaluated in clinical trials. These add-on strategies of combining optimized targeted therapies could potentially improve outcomes for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer but may also allow de-escalation of treatment in some patients, potentially sparing some from unnecessary treatments, and their related toxicities and costs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Pernas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology-Breast Cancer Unit, Institut Catala d’Oncologia (ICO)-H.U. Bellvitge-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara M. Tolaney
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Venur VA, Cohen JV, Brastianos PK. Targeting Molecular Pathways in Intracranial Metastatic Disease. Front Oncol 2019; 9:99. [PMID: 30886831 PMCID: PMC6409309 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery and clinical application of agents targeting pivotal molecular pathways in malignancies such as lung, breast, renal cell carcinoma, and melanoma have led to impressive improvements in clinical outcomes. Mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and rearrangements of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) are targetable in lung cancer, while BRAF mutations have been successfully targeted in metastatic melanoma. Targeting estrogen receptors, cyclin dependent kinases, and HER2 (Human Epidermal Receptor) have resulted in improvement in survival in breast cancer. Major strides have been made in the management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma by targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. However, intracranial metastases remain a major hurdle in the setting of targeted therapies. Traditional treatment options for brain metastases include surgery, whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT), and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Surgery is effective in symptomatic patients with dominant lesions or solitary intracranial metastases, however, recovery time can be prolonged, often requiring an interruption in systemic treatment. WBRT and SRS provide symptomatic relief and local control but data on improving overall survival is limited. Most targeted therapies which provide extracranial control have limited penetration through the blood brain barrier. Given the limited therapeutic options and increasing prevalence of brain metastases, finding new strategies for the management of intracranial metastatic disease is critical. Genomic analysis of brain metastases has led to a better understanding of variations in the driver mutations compared to the primary malignancy. Furthermore, newer generations of targeted agents have shown promising intracranial activity. In this review, we will discuss the major molecular alterations in brain metastases from melanoma, lung, breast, and renal cell carcinoma. We will provide an in-depth review of the completed and ongoing clinical trials of drugs targeting the molecular pathways enriched in brain metastases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Priscilla K. Brastianos
- Divisions of Neuro-Oncology and Hematology/Oncology, Departments of Neurology and Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Di Cosimo S, Appierto V, Pizzamiglio S, Tiberio P, Iorio MV, Hilbers F, de Azambuja E, de la Peña L, Izquierdo M, Huober J, Baselga J, Piccart M, de Braud FG, Apolone G, Verderio P, Daidone MG. Plasma miRNA Levels for Predicting Therapeutic Response to Neoadjuvant Treatment in HER2-positive Breast Cancer: Results from the NeoALTTO Trial. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:3887-3895. [PMID: 30814109 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-2507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the potential of circulating-miRNAs (ct-miRNA) as noninvasive biomarkers to predict the efficacy of single/dual HER2-targeted therapy in the NeoALTTO study. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Patients with plasma samples at baseline (T0) and/or after 2 weeks (T1) of treatment were randomized into training (n = 183) and testing (n = 246) sets. RT-PCR-based high-throughput miRNA profiling was employed in the training set. After normalization, ct-miRNAs associated with pathologic complete response (pCR) were identified by univariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression models were implemented to generate treatment-specific signatures at T0 and T1, which were evaluated by RT-PCR in the testing set. Event-free survival (EFS) according to ct-miRNA signatures was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model. RESULTS In the training set, starting from 51 ct-miRNAs associated with pCR, six signatures with statistically significant predictive capability in terms of area under the ROC curve (AUC) were identified. Four signatures were confirmed in the testing set: lapatinib at T0 and T1 [AUC 0.86; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.73-0.98 and 0.71 (0.55-0.86)], respectively; trastuzumab at T1 (0.81; 0.70-0.92); lapatinib + trastuzumab at T1 (0.67; 0.51-0.83). These signatures were confirmed predictive after adjusting for known variables, including estrogen receptor status. ct-miRNA signatures failed to correlate with EFS. However, the levels of ct-miR-140-5p, included in the trastuzumab signature, were associated with EFS (HR 0.43; 95% CI, 0.22-0.84). CONCLUSIONS ct-miRNAs discriminate patients with and without pCR after neoadjuvant lapatinib- and/or trastuzumab-based therapy. ct-miRNAs at week two could be valuable to identify patients responsive to trastuzumab, to avoid unnecessary combination with other anti-HER2 agents, and finally to assist deescalating treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Di Cosimo
- Biomarkers Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Appierto
- Biomarkers Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Pizzamiglio
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Tiberio
- Biomarkers Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marilena V Iorio
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Evandro de Azambuja
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet and Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Jens Huober
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - José Baselga
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martine Piccart
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet and Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Filippo G de Braud
- Department of Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Apolone
- Scientific Directorate, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Verderio
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Daidone
- Biomarkers Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Nicolini A, Carpi A, Ferrari P, Morganti R, Mazzotti V, Barak V, Duffy MJ. An individual reference limit of the serum CEA-TPA-CA 15-3 tumor marker panel in the surveillance of asymptomatic women following surgery for primary breast cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:6879-6886. [PMID: 30588093 PMCID: PMC6300365 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s177522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the combined measurement of serum CEA, TPA, and CA 15-3, using an individual reference limit (IRL), for predicting distant metastases in asymptomatic women following a diagnosis of primary breast cancer. Methods A total of 231 patients were followed up for a mean of 5.5±1.6 years. An IRL for defining critical changes (CCs) in marker levels was used as a warning signal of pending distant metastases. Results Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the combined CEA-TPA-CA 15-3 marker panel for predicting patient outcome were 95.2%, 97.8%, and 97.9%, respectively. In all, 19 (8.3%) patients relapsed with a mean lead time to radiological evidence of metastases of 11.7±13.8 months. Conclusion We concluded that the combined measurement of CA 15-3, CEA, and TPA using an IRL for determining the CC in markers levels is an accurate strategy for predicting outcome during postoperative monitoring of asymptomatic breast cancer patients. Whether the early prediction of metastasis and subsequent administration of therapy impacts on patient outcome should now be the objective of a prospective clinical trial. The marker panel described here could serve as the basis for such a trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nicolini
- Department of Oncology, Transplantations and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy,
| | - Angelo Carpi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Ferrari
- Department of Oncology, Transplantations and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy,
| | | | | | - Vivian Barak
- Immunology Lab for Tumor Diagnosis, Hadassah University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael J Duffy
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, UCD School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Denduluri N, Miller K, O'Regan RM. Using a Neoadjuvant Approach for Evaluating Novel Therapies for Patients With Breast Cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2018; 38:47-55. [PMID: 30231324 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_200719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Preoperative systemic therapy, though primarily used to downstage breast cancers, can offer, using pathologic complete response (pCR) as an endpoint, a rapid assessment of efficacy of a given therapeutic approach, particularly in triple-negative (TNBC) and HER2-positive breast cancers. Recently, this approach resulted in the approval of pertuzumab for HER2-positive cancers, in a considerably quicker timeline than would have been possible with its assessment in the adjuvant setting. However, the use of preoperative systemic therapy remains controversial, as the higher response rates noted with newer approaches have not routinely translated into improved longer-term outcomes, nor have they been confirmed in larger adjuvant trials. Almost all trials have demonstrated that pCR is a robust prognostic marker in patients with TNBC and HER2-positive cancers, so part of this discrepancy may be due to inadequate power in the preoperative trials and/or due to the heterogeneous nature of breast cancers. PCR following preoperative chemotherapy is not prognostic in many hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancers, especially those with a luminal A phenotype, which typically has minimal response to chemotherapy. Given this lack of response to chemotherapy, there is considerable interest in the use of neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (NET). The rate of pCR to NET in HR-positive cancers is low, leading to the use of surrogate markers, including changes in Ki-67 and the preoperative endocrine prognostic index (PEPI) score, as biomarkers of efficacy. Overall, the use of neoadjuvant approaches offers a rapid assessment of efficacy of novel therapies and remains a useful research tool for drug evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neelima Denduluri
- From the Virginia Cancer Specialists, Fairfax, VA; Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN; University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI
| | - Kathy Miller
- From the Virginia Cancer Specialists, Fairfax, VA; Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN; University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI
| | - Ruth M O'Regan
- From the Virginia Cancer Specialists, Fairfax, VA; Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN; University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kuo WY, Hsu HJ, Wu CY, Chen HS, Chou YC, Tsou YL, Peng HP, Jian JW, Yu CM, Chiu YK, Chen IC, Tung CP, Hsiao M, Lin CL, Wang YA, Wang AHJ, Yang AS. Antibody-drug conjugates with HER2-targeting antibodies from synthetic antibody libraries are highly potent against HER2-positive human gastric tumor in xenograft models. MAbs 2018; 11:153-165. [PMID: 30365359 PMCID: PMC6343809 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1541370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
HER2-ECD (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 – extracellular domain) is a prominent therapeutic target validated for treating HER2-positive breast and gastric cancer, but HER2-specific therapeutic options for treating advanced gastric cancer remain limited. We have developed antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), comprising IgG1 linked via valine-citrulline to monomethyl auristatin E, with potential to treat HER2-positive gastric cancer in humans. The antibodies optimally selected from the ADC discovery platform, which was developed to discover antibody candidates suitable for immunoconjugates from synthetic antibody libraries designed using antibody-antigen interaction principles, were demonstrated to be superior immunoconjugate targeting modules in terms of efficacy and off-target toxicity. In comparison with the two control humanized antibodies (trastuzumab and H32) derived from murine antibody repertoires, the antibodies derived from the synthetic antibody libraries had enhanced receptor-mediated internalization rate, which could result in ADCs with optimal efficacies. Along with the ADCs, two other forms of immunoconjugates (scFv-PE38KDEL and IgG1-AL1-PE38KDEL) were used to test the antibodies for delivering cytotoxic payloads to xenograft tumor models in vivo and to cultured cells in vitro. The in vivo experiments with the three forms of immunoconjugates revealed minimal off-target toxicities of the selected antibodies from the synthetic antibody libraries; the off-target toxicities of the control antibodies could have resulted from the antibodies’ propensity to target the liver in the animal models. Our ADC discovery platform and the knowledge gained from our in vivo tests on xenograft models with the three forms of immunoconjugates could be useful to anyone developing optimal ADC cancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ying Kuo
- a Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ju Hsu
- a Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Wu
- b Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, College of Medicine , China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Hong-Sen Chen
- a Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Chou
- a Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Liang Tsou
- a Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Hung-Pin Peng
- a Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Wei Jian
- a Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan.,c Institute of Biomedical Informatics , National Yang-Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan.,d Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Information Science , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ming Yu
- a Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Yi-Kai Chiu
- a Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Ing-Chien Chen
- a Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ping Tung
- a Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- a Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lung Lin
- a Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | | | - Andrew H-J Wang
- f Institute of Biological Chemistry , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - An-Suei Yang
- a Genomics Research Center , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Thu KL, Soria-Bretones I, Mak TW, Cescon DW. Targeting the cell cycle in breast cancer: towards the next phase. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1871-1885. [PMID: 30078354 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1502567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of the cell cycle is a hallmark of cancer that enables limitless cell division. To support this malignant phenotype, cells acquire molecular alterations that abrogate or bypass control mechanisms in signaling pathways and cellular checkpoints that normally function to prevent genomic instability and uncontrolled cell proliferation. Consequently, therapeutic targeting of the cell cycle has long been viewed as a promising anti-cancer strategy. Until recently, attempts to target the cell cycle for cancer therapy using selective inhibitors have proven unsuccessful due to intolerable toxicities and a lack of target specificity. However, improvements in our understanding of malignant cell-specific vulnerabilities has revealed a therapeutic window for preferential targeting of the cell cycle in cancer cells, and has led to the development of agents now in the clinic. In this review, we discuss the latest generation of cell cycle targeting anti-cancer agents for breast cancer, including approved CDK4/6 inhibitors, and investigational TTK and PLK4 inhibitors that are currently in clinical trials. In recognition of the emerging population of ER+ breast cancers with acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors we suggest new therapeutic avenues to treat these patients. We also offer our perspective on the direction of future research to address the problem of drug resistance, and discuss the mechanistic insights required for the successful implementation of these strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K L Thu
- a Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Canada
| | - I Soria-Bretones
- a Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Canada
| | - T W Mak
- a Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Canada.,b Department of Medical Biophysics , University Health Network , Toronto , Canada
| | - D W Cescon
- a Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , University Health Network , Toronto , Canada.,c Department of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| |
Collapse
|