1
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Lu Q, Sasaki S, Sera T, Kudo S. Spatiotemporal distribution of PTEN before directed cell migration in monolayers. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024:10.1007/s11626-024-00927-x. [PMID: 38926230 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00927-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The intracellular distribution of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is closely related to directed cell migration. In single cells, PTEN accumulates at the rear of the cell before and during directed migration; however, the spatiotemporal distribution of PTEN in confluent cell monolayers, particularly before directed migration, remains unclear. In this study, we wounded a cell in confluent fetal rat skin keratinocytes (FRSKs) and examined the dynamics of PTEN in the cells adjacent to the wounded cell. In contrast to single-cell migration, we found that PTEN translocated to the nucleus before the beginning of directed migration. This nuclear translocation of PTEN did not occur in disconnected cells, and it was also suppressed by importin-β inhibitor and actin inhibitor. When the nuclear localization of PTEN was inhibited by an importin-β inhibitor, cell elongation in the direction of migration was also significantly inhibited. Our results indicate that PTEN translocation is induced by the disruption of cell-cell adhesion and requires the involvement of importin-β and actin cytoskeleton signaling. In addition, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) may regulate PTEN distribution through its localized accumulation at the cell edge. Our findings suggest that the translocation of PTEN is crucial for directed cell migration and for responding to mechanical environmental changes in confluent cell monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanzhi Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka-Shi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Saori Sasaki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka-Shi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Sera
- Department of Medical and Robotic Engineering Design, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Susumu Kudo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka-Shi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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2
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Abdellatef SA, Bard F, Nakanishi J. Photoactivatable substrates show diverse phenotypes of leader cells in collective migration when moving along different extracellular matrix proteins. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:3446-3457. [PMID: 38832531 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00225c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
In cancer metastasis, collectively migrating clusters are discriminated into leader and follower cells that move through extracellular matrices (ECMs) with different characteristics. The impact of changes in ECM protein types on leader cells and migrating clusters is unknown. To address this, we investigated the response of leader cells and migrating clusters upon moving from one ECM protein to another using a photoactivatable substrate bearing photocleavable PEG (PCP), whose surface changes from protein-repellent to protein-adhesive in response to light. We chose laminin and collagen I for our study since they are abundant in two distinct regions in living tissues, namely basement membrane and connective tissue. Using the photoactivatable substrates, the precise deposition of the first ECM protein in the irradiated areas was achieved, followed by creating well-defined cellular confinements. Secondary irradiation enabled the deposition of the second ECM protein in the new irradiated regions, resulting in region-selective heterogeneous and homogenous ECM protein-coated surfaces. Different tendencies in leader cell formation from laminin into laminin compared to those migrating from laminin into collagen were observed. The formation of focal adhesion and actin structures for cells within the same cluster in the ECM proteins responded according to the underlying ECM protein type. Finally, integrin β1 was crucial for the appearance of leader cells for clusters migrating from laminin into collagen. However, when it came to laminin into laminin, integrin β1 was not responsible. This highlights the correlation between leader cells in collective migration and the biochemical signals that arise from underlying extracellular matrix proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa A Abdellatef
- Mechanobiology group, Research Centre for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Francesca Bard
- Mechanobiology group, Research Centre for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan.
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Jun Nakanishi
- Mechanobiology group, Research Centre for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan.
- Waseda University Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Department of Nanoscience and Engineering, Tokyo, Japan
- Tokyo University of Science, advanced Graduate School of Engineering Materials Innovation Engineering, Japan
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3
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Prasanna CVS, Jolly MK, Bhat R. Spatial heterogeneity in tumor adhesion qualifies collective cell invasion. Biophys J 2024; 123:1635-1647. [PMID: 38725244 PMCID: PMC11214055 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Collective cell invasion (CCI), a canon of most invasive solid tumors, is an emergent property of the interactions between cancer cells and their surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). However, tumor populations invariably consist of cells expressing variable levels of adhesive proteins that mediate such interactions, disallowing an intuitive understanding of how tumor invasiveness at a multicellular scale is influenced by spatial heterogeneity of cell-cell and cell-ECM adhesion. Here, we have used a Cellular Potts model-based multiscale computational framework that is constructed on the histopathological principles of glandular cancers. In earlier efforts on homogenous cancer cell populations, this framework revealed the relative ranges of interactions, including cell-cell and cell-ECM adhesion that drove collective, dispersed, and mixed multimodal invasion. Here, we constitute a tumor core of two separate cell subsets showing distinct intra- and inter-subset cell-cell or cell-ECM adhesion strengths. These two subsets of cells are arranged to varying extents of spatial intermingling, which we call the heterogeneity index (HI). We observe that low and high inter-subset cell adhesion favors invasion of high-HI and low-HI intermingled populations with distinct intra-subset cell-cell adhesion strengths, respectively. In addition, for explored values of cell-ECM adhesion strengths, populations with high HI values collectively invade better than those with lower HI values. We then asked how spatial invasion is regulated by progressively intermingled cellular subsets that are epithelial, i.e., showed high cell-cell but poor cell-ECM adhesion, and mesenchymal, i.e., with reversed adhesion strengths to the former. Here too, inter-subset adhesion plays an important role in contextualizing the proportionate relationship between HI and invasion. An exception to this relationship is seen for cases of heterogeneous cell-ECM adhesion where sub-maximal HI patterns with higher outer localization of cells with stronger ECM adhesion collectively invade better than their relatively higher-HI counterparts. Our simulations also reveal how adhesion heterogeneity qualifies collective invasion, when either cell-cell or cell-ECM adhesion type is varied but results in an invasive dispersion when both adhesion types are simultaneously altered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
| | - Ramray Bhat
- Department of Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India; Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
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4
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Stehbens SJ, Scarpa E, White MD. Perspectives in collective cell migration - moving forward. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261549. [PMID: 38904172 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Collective cell migration, where cells move as a cohesive unit, is a vital process underlying morphogenesis and cancer metastasis. Thanks to recent advances in imaging and modelling, we are beginning to understand the intricate relationship between a cell and its microenvironment and how this shapes cell polarity, metabolism and modes of migration. The use of biophysical and mathematical models offers a fresh perspective on how cells migrate collectively, either flowing in a fluid-like state or transitioning to more static states. Continuing to unite researchers in biology, physics and mathematics will enable us to decode more complex biological behaviours that underly collective cell migration; only then can we understand how this coordinated movement of cells influences the formation and organisation of tissues and directs the spread of metastatic cancer. In this Perspective, we highlight exciting discoveries, emerging themes and common challenges that have arisen in recent years, and possible ways forward to bridge the gaps in our current understanding of collective cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Stehbens
- The University of Queensland, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Elena Scarpa
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Melanie D White
- The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- The University of Queensland, School of Biomedical Sciences, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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5
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Packer J, Gubieda AG, Brooks A, Deutz LN, Squires I, Ellison S, Schneider C, Naganathan SR, Wollman AJ, Dickinson DJ, Rodriguez J. Atypical Protein Kinase C Promotes its own Asymmetric Localisation by Phosphorylating Cdc42 in the C. elegans zygote. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.27.563985. [PMID: 38009101 PMCID: PMC10675845 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.27.563985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) is a major regulator of cell polarity. Acting in conjunction with Par6, Par3 and the small GTPase Cdc42, aPKC becomes asymmetrically localised and drives the polarisation of cells. aPKC activity is crucial for its own asymmetric localisation, suggesting a hitherto unknown feedback mechanism contributing to polarisation. Here we show in the C. elegans zygote that the feedback relies on aPKC phosphorylation of Cdc42 at serine 71. The turnover of CDC-42 phosphorylation ensures optimal aPKC asymmetry and activity throughout polarisation by tuning Par6/aPKC association with Par3 and Cdc42. Moreover, turnover of Cdc42 phosphorylation regulates actomyosin cortex dynamics that are known to drive aPKC asymmetry. Given the widespread role of aPKC and Cdc42 in cell polarity, this form of self-regulation of aPKC may be vital for the robust control of polarisation in many cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Packer
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Alicia G. Gubieda
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Aaron Brooks
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Lars N. Deutz
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Iolo Squires
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- These authors contributed equally
| | | | | | - Sundar Ram Naganathan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Adam J.M. Wollman
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Daniel J. Dickinson
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Josana Rodriguez
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Lead contact
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6
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Gong B, Johnston JD, Thiemicke A, de Marco A, Meyer T. Endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact gradients direct cell migration. Nature 2024:10.1038/s41586-024-07527-5. [PMID: 38867038 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07527-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Directed cell migration is driven by the front-back polarization of intracellular signalling1-3. Receptor tyrosine kinases and other inputs activate local signals that trigger membrane protrusions at the front2,4-6. Equally important is a long-range inhibitory mechanism that suppresses signalling at the back to prevent the formation of multiple fronts7-9. However, the identity of this mechanism is unknown. Here we report that endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane (ER-PM) contact sites are polarized in single and collectively migrating cells. The increased density of these ER-PM contacts at the back provides the ER-resident PTP1B phosphatase more access to PM substrates, which confines receptor signalling to the front and directs cell migration. Polarization of the ER-PM contacts is due to microtubule-regulated polarization of the ER, with more RTN4-rich curved ER at the front and more CLIMP63-rich flattened ER at the back. The resulting ER curvature gradient leads to small and unstable ER-PM contacts only at the front. These contacts flow backwards and grow to large and stable contacts at the back to form the front-back ER-PM contact gradient. Together, our study suggests that the structural polarity mediated by ER-PM contact gradients polarizes cell signalling, directs cell migration and prolongs cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Gong
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Jake D Johnston
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Simons Electron Microscopy Center, New York Structural Biology Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Thiemicke
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alex de Marco
- Simons Electron Microscopy Center, New York Structural Biology Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tobias Meyer
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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7
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Kawauchi T, Ito S. Exchangeable leaders of collectively migrating glioma abuse N-cadherin trafficking. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202404129. [PMID: 38700903 PMCID: PMC11070641 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202404129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Collectively migrating cells consist of leaders and followers with different features. In this issue, Kim et al. (https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202401057) characterize the leader and follower cells in collective glioma migration and uncover important roles of YAP1/TAZ-mediated regulation of N-cadherin in the leader cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kawauchi
- Department of Adaptive and Maladaptive Responses in Health and Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiho Ito
- Department of Adaptive and Maladaptive Responses in Health and Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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8
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Wu Y, Liu W, Li J, Shi H, Ma S, Wang D, Pan B, Xiao R, Jiang H, Liu X. Decreased Tiam1-mediated Rac1 activation is responsible for impaired directional persistence of chondrocyte migration in microtia. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18443. [PMID: 38837873 PMCID: PMC11149491 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The human auricle has a complex structure, and microtia is a congenital malformation characterized by decreased size and loss of elaborate structure in the affected ear with a high incidence. Our previous studies suggest that inadequate cell migration is the primary cytological basis for the pathogenesis of microtia, however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, we further demonstrate that microtia chondrocytes show a decreased directional persistence during cell migration. Directional persistence can define a leading edge associated with oriented movement, and any mistakes would affect cell function and tissue morphology. By the screening of motility-related genes and subsequent confirmations, active Rac1 (Rac1-GTP) is identified to be critical for the impaired directional persistence of microtia chondrocytes migration. Moreover, Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and Rho GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) are detected, and overexpression of Tiam1 significantly upregulates the level of Rac1-GTP and improves directional migration in microtia chondrocytes. Consistently, decreased expression patterns of Tiam1 and active Rac1 are found in microtia mouse models, Bmp5se/J and Prkralear-3J/GrsrJ. Collectively, our results provide new insights into microtia development and therapeutic strategies of tissue engineering for microtia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wu
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Li
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Shi
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shize Ma
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Auricular Reconstruction, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Department of Auricular Reconstruction, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Xiao
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of External Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyue Jiang
- Department of Auricular Reconstruction, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of External Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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9
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Zhang L, Xue G, Zhou X, Huang J, Li Z. A mathematical framework for understanding the spontaneous emergence of complexity applicable to growing multicellular systems. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1011882. [PMID: 38838038 PMCID: PMC11182560 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
In embryonic development and organogenesis, cells sharing identical genetic codes acquire diverse gene expression states in a highly reproducible spatial distribution, crucial for multicellular formation and quantifiable through positional information. To understand the spontaneous growth of complexity, we constructed a one-dimensional division-decision model, simulating the growth of cells with identical genetic networks from a single cell. Our findings highlight the pivotal role of cell division in providing positional cues, escorting the system toward states rich in information. Moreover, we pinpointed lateral inhibition as a critical mechanism translating spatial contacts into gene expression. Our model demonstrates that the spatial arrangement resulting from cell division, combined with cell lineages, imparts positional information, specifying multiple cell states with increased complexity-illustrated through examples in C.elegans. This study constitutes a foundational step in comprehending developmental intricacies, paving the way for future quantitative formulations to construct synthetic multicellular patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Xue
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhou
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiandong Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
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10
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Zhang Y, Huang S, Cao Y, Li L, Yang J, Zhao M. New Opportunities for Electric Fields in Promoting Wound Healing: Collective Electrotaxis. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2024. [PMID: 38780799 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2024.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE It has long been hypothesized that naturally occurring electric fields (EFs) aid wound healing by guiding cell migration. Consequently, the application of EFs has significant potential for promoting wound healing. However, the mechanisms underlying the cellular response to EFs remain unclear. Recent Advances: Although the directed migration of isolated single cells under EFs has been studied for decades, only recently has experimental evidence demonstrated the distinct collective migration of large sheets of keratinocytes and corneal epithelial cells in response to applied EFs. Accumulating evidence suggests that the emergent properties of cell groups in response to EF guidance offer new opportunities for EF-assisted directional migration. CRITICAL ISSUES In this review, we provide an overview of the field of collective electrotaxis, highlighting key advances made in recent years. We also discuss advanced engineering strategies utilized to manipulate collective electrotaxis. FUTURE DIRECTIONS We outline a series of unanswered questions in this field and propose potential applications of collective electrotaxis in developing electrical stimulation technologies for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Hangzhou Normal University, School of Public Health, 2318 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China, 311121;
| | - Shiwen Huang
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Yifei Cao
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Li Li
- Army Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing, China;
| | - Jun Yang
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Min Zhao
- UC Davis, Dermatology, 1515 Newton Court, Derm Research, Davis, California, United States, CA 95618;
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11
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Deng S, Wu Y, Huang S, Yang X. Novel insights into the roles of migrasome in cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:166. [PMID: 38748047 PMCID: PMC11096295 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00942-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell migration, a hallmark of cancer malignancy, plays a critical role in cancers. Improperly initiated or misdirected cell migration can lead to invasive metastatic cancer. Migrasomes are newly discovered vesicular cellular organelles produced by migrating cells and depending on cell migration. Four marker proteins [NDST1 (bifunctionalheparan sulfate N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase 1), EOGT (Epidermal growth factor domains pecific O-linked N-acetylglucosaminetransferase), CPQ (carboxypeptidase Q), and PIGK (phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis, class K)] of migrasomes were successfully identified. There are three marker proteins (NDST1, PIGK, and EOGT) of migrasome expressed in cancer. In this review, we will discuss the process of migrasome discovery, the formation of migrasome, the possible functions of migrasome, and the differences between migrasomes and exosomes, especially, the biological functions of migrasome marker proteins in cancer, and discuss some possible roles of migrasomes in cancer. We speculate that migrasomes and migracytosis can play key roles in regulating the development of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijun Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang , 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang , 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang , 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, 28 Western Changsheng Road, Hengyang , 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Fister AM, Horn A, Lasarev M, Huttenlocher A. Damage-induced basal epithelial cell migration modulates the spatial organization of redox signaling and sensory neuron regeneration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.03.14.532628. [PMID: 36993176 PMCID: PMC10055054 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.14.532628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial damage leads to early reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling, which regulates sensory neuron regeneration and tissue repair. How the initial type of tissue injury influences early damage signaling and regenerative growth of sensory axons remains unclear. Previously we reported that thermal injury triggers distinct early tissue responses in larval zebrafish. Here, we found that thermal but not mechanical injury impairs sensory axon regeneration and function. Real-time imaging revealed an immediate tissue response to thermal injury characterized by the rapid Arp2/3-dependent migration of keratinocytes, which was associated with tissue-scale ROS production and sustained sensory axon damage. Isotonic treatment was sufficient to limit keratinocyte movement, spatially restrict ROS production and rescue sensory neuron function. These results suggest that early keratinocyte dynamics regulate the spatial and temporal pattern of long-term signaling in the wound microenvironment during tissue repair.
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13
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Hussein SN, Kotry GS, Eissa AS, Heikal LA, Gaweesh YY. Efficacy of a Novel Melatonin-Loaded Gelatin Sponge in Palatal Wound Healing. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00116-3. [PMID: 38688801 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this research was to assess both clinically and histologically the effect of a topically applied melatonin-loaded gelatin sponge on palatal wound healing after graft harvesting. METHODS Twenty-six patients for whom free palatal graft procurement was indicated were divided equally into 2 groups. In the test group, the donor site was covered by a melatonin-loaded gelatin sponge, and in the control group the site was covered by a placebo-loaded gelatin sponge. Wound healing was evaluated on the day of surgery and at 7 and 14 days postsurgery using photo-digital planimetry. Histologic specimens were taken to verify healing type and rate. Pain was assessed via Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for 7 days from the day of the surgery. RESULTS At the 7-day interval, photo-digital planimetry showed a significant decrease in the traced raw area (P = .04) in the test group compared with the control group and a significant increase in the mean area of immature epithelia (P = .04). At the 14-day interval, there was no statistically significant difference in any area of interest. Histologically, the application of melatonin was associated with accelerated healing and superior maturation at all follow-up time points. No significant differences were noted in VAS scores between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS Melatonin-treated tissue showed marked clinical improvement in the first week postsurgery, indicating an increased rate of healing. Similarly, histologic analysis revealed significant maturation at both time intervals. A melatonin-loaded gelatin sponge is a novel palatal wound dressing that can be used to improve wound healing outcomes and reduce patient morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Nabil Hussein
- Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis, and Oral Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Gehan Sherif Kotry
- Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis, and Oral Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amira Salama Eissa
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Lamia Ahmed Heikal
- Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yasmine Youssri Gaweesh
- Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis, and Oral Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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14
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David SB, Ho KYL, Tanentzapf G, Zaritsky A. Formation of recurring transient Ca 2+-based intercellular communities during Drosophila hematopoiesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318155121. [PMID: 38602917 PMCID: PMC11032476 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318155121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue development occurs through a complex interplay between many individual cells. Yet, the fundamental question of how collective tissue behavior emerges from heterogeneous and noisy information processing and transfer at the single-cell level remains unknown. Here, we reveal that tissue scale signaling regulation can arise from local gap-junction mediated cell-cell signaling through the spatiotemporal establishment of an intermediate-scale of transient multicellular communication communities over the course of tissue development. We demonstrated this intermediate scale of emergent signaling using Ca2+ signaling in the intact, ex vivo cultured, live developing Drosophila hematopoietic organ, the lymph gland. Recurrent activation of these transient signaling communities defined self-organized signaling "hotspots" that gradually formed over the course of larva development. These hotspots receive and transmit information to facilitate repetitive interactions with nonhotspot neighbors. Overall, this work bridges the scales between single-cell and emergent group behavior providing key mechanistic insight into how cells establish tissue-scale communication networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saar Ben David
- Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva84105, Israel
| | - Kevin Y. L. Ho
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, VancouverV6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Guy Tanentzapf
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, VancouverV6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Assaf Zaritsky
- Department of Software and Information Systems Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva84105, Israel
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15
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Jerka D, Bonowicz K, Piekarska K, Gokyer S, Derici US, Hindy OA, Altunay BB, Yazgan I, Steinbrink K, Kleszczyński K, Yilgor P, Gagat M. Unraveling Endothelial Cell Migration: Insights into Fundamental Forces, Inflammation, Biomaterial Applications, and Tissue Regeneration Strategies. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:2054-2069. [PMID: 38520346 PMCID: PMC11022177 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Cell migration is vital for many fundamental biological processes and human pathologies throughout our life. Dynamic molecular changes in the tissue microenvironment determine modifications of cell movement, which can be reflected either individually or collectively. Endothelial cell (EC) migratory adaptation occurs during several events and phenomena, such as endothelial injury, vasculogenesis, and angiogenesis, under both normal and highly inflammatory conditions. Several advantageous processes can be supported by biomaterials. Endothelial cells are used in combination with various types of biomaterials to design scaffolds promoting the formation of mature blood vessels within tissue engineered structures. Appropriate selection, in terms of scaffolding properties, can promote desirable cell behavior to varying degrees. An increasing amount of research could lead to the creation of the perfect biomaterial for regenerative medicine applications. In this review, we summarize the state of knowledge regarding the possible systems by which inflammation may influence endothelial cell migration. We also describe the fundamental forces governing cell motility with a specific focus on ECs. Additionally, we discuss the biomaterials used for EC culture, which serve to enhance the proliferative, proangiogenic, and promigratory potential of cells. Moreover, we introduce the mechanisms of cell movement and highlight the significance of understanding these mechanisms in the context of designing scaffolds that promote tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Jerka
- Department
of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Klaudia Bonowicz
- Department
of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Faculty
of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Mazovian
Academy in Płock, 09-402 Płock, Poland
| | - Klaudia Piekarska
- Department
of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Seyda Gokyer
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Utku Serhat Derici
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Osama Ali Hindy
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Baris Burak Altunay
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Işıl Yazgan
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Kerstin Steinbrink
- Department
of Dermatology, University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Konrad Kleszczyński
- Department
of Dermatology, University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Pinar Yilgor
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Maciej Gagat
- Department
of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Faculty
of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Mazovian
Academy in Płock, 09-402 Płock, Poland
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16
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Hoving JJA, Harford-Wright E, Wingfield-Digby P, Cattin AL, Campana M, Power A, Morgan T, Torchiaro E, Quereda V, Lloyd AC. N-cadherin directs the collective Schwann cell migration required for nerve regeneration through Slit2/3-mediated contact inhibition of locomotion. eLife 2024; 13:e88872. [PMID: 38591541 PMCID: PMC11052573 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Collective cell migration is fundamental for the development of organisms and in the adult for tissue regeneration and in pathological conditions such as cancer. Migration as a coherent group requires the maintenance of cell-cell interactions, while contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL), a local repulsive force, can propel the group forward. Here we show that the cell-cell interaction molecule, N-cadherin, regulates both adhesion and repulsion processes during Schwann cell (SC) collective migration, which is required for peripheral nerve regeneration. However, distinct from its role in cell-cell adhesion, the repulsion process is independent of N-cadherin trans-homodimerisation and the associated adherens junction complex. Rather, the extracellular domain of N-cadherin is required to present the repulsive Slit2/Slit3 signal at the cell surface. Inhibiting Slit2/Slit3 signalling inhibits CIL and subsequently collective SC migration, resulting in adherent, nonmigratory cell clusters. Moreover, analysis of ex vivo explants from mice following sciatic nerve injury showed that inhibition of Slit2 decreased SC collective migration and increased clustering of SCs within the nerve bridge. These findings provide insight into how opposing signals can mediate collective cell migration and how CIL pathways are promising targets for inhibiting pathological cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian JA Hoving
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Harford-Wright
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Patrick Wingfield-Digby
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Anne-Laure Cattin
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Mariana Campana
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Alex Power
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Toby Morgan
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Erica Torchiaro
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Victor Quereda
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Alison C Lloyd
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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17
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Li S, Liu ZY, Li H, Zhou S, Liu J, Sun N, Yang KF, Dougados V, Mangeat T, Belguise K, Feng XQ, Liu Y, Wang X. Basal actomyosin pulses expand epithelium coordinating cell flattening and tissue elongation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3000. [PMID: 38589403 PMCID: PMC11001887 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47236-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Actomyosin networks constrict cell area and junctions to alter cell and tissue shape. However, during cell expansion under mechanical stress, actomyosin networks are strengthened and polarized to relax stress. Thus, cells face a conflicting situation between the enhanced actomyosin contractile properties and the expansion behaviour of the cell or tissue. To address this paradoxical situation, we study late Drosophila oogenesis and reveal an unusual epithelial expansion wave behaviour. Mechanistically, Rac1 and Rho1 integrate basal pulsatile actomyosin networks with ruffles and focal adhesions to increase and then stabilize basal area of epithelial cells allowing their flattening and elongation. This epithelial expansion behaviour bridges cell changes to oocyte growth and extension, while oocyte growth in turn deforms the epithelium to drive cell spreading. Basal pulsatile actomyosin networks exhibit non-contractile mechanics, non-linear structures and F-actin/Myosin-II spatiotemporal signal separation, implicating unreported expanding properties. Biophysical modelling incorporating these expanding properties well simulates epithelial cell expansion waves. Our work thus highlights actomyosin expanding properties as a key mechanism driving tissue morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Li
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, P. R. China
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Zong-Yuan Liu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Sijia Zhou
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jiaying Liu
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Ningwei Sun
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Kai-Fu Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Vanessa Dougados
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Mangeat
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Karine Belguise
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Xi-Qiao Feng
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China.
| | - Yiyao Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, P. R. China.
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, 610072, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Department (MCD), Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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18
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Perez-Moreno E, Oyanadel C, de la Peña A, Hernández R, Pérez-Molina F, Metz C, González A, Soza A. Galectins in epithelial-mesenchymal transition: roles and mechanisms contributing to tissue repair, fibrosis and cancer metastasis. Biol Res 2024; 57:14. [PMID: 38570874 PMCID: PMC10993482 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-024-00490-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Galectins are soluble glycan-binding proteins that interact with a wide range of glycoproteins and glycolipids and modulate a broad spectrum of physiological and pathological processes. The expression and subcellular localization of different galectins vary among tissues and cell types and change during processes of tissue repair, fibrosis and cancer where epithelial cells loss differentiation while acquiring migratory mesenchymal phenotypes. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that occurs in the context of these processes can include modifications of glycosylation patterns of glycolipids and glycoproteins affecting their interactions with galectins. Moreover, overexpression of certain galectins has been involved in the development and different outcomes of EMT. This review focuses on the roles and mechanisms of Galectin-1 (Gal-1), Gal-3, Gal-4, Gal-7 and Gal-8, which have been involved in physiologic and pathogenic EMT contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Perez-Moreno
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia (CCTE) Ciencia y Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Oyanadel
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Adely de la Peña
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia (CCTE) Ciencia y Vida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ronny Hernández
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Pérez-Molina
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Metz
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfonso González
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia (CCTE) Ciencia y Vida, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Andrea Soza
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia (CCTE) Ciencia y Vida, Santiago, Chile.
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19
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Zhang H, Cui M, Tang D, Wang B, Liang G, Xu C, Xiao H. Localization of Cancer Cells for Subsequent Robust Photodynamic Therapy by ROS Responsive Polymeric Nanoparticles With Anti-Metastasis Complexes NAMI-A. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310298. [PMID: 38145801 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), as a new type of light-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) cancer therapy, has the advantages of high therapeutic efficiency, non-resistance, and less trauma than traditional cancer therapy such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, oxygen-dependent PDT further exacerbates tumor metastasis. To this end, a strategy that circumvents tumor metastasis to improve the therapeutic efficacy of PDT is proposed. Herein, a near-infrared light-activated photosensitive polymer is synthesized and branched the anti-metastatic ruthenium complex NAMI-A on the side, which is further assembled to form nanoparticles (NP2) for breast cancer therapy. NP2 can kill tumor cells by generating ROS under 808 nm radiation (NP2 + L), reduce the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2/9) in cancer cells, decrease the invasive and migration capacity of cancer cells, and eliminate cancer cells. Further animal experiments show that NP2 + L can inhibit tumor growth and reduce liver and lung metastases. In addition, NP2 + L can activate the immune system in mice to avoid tumor recurrence. In conclusion, a PDT capable of both preventing tumor metastasis and precisely hitting the primary tumor to achieve effective treatment of highly metastatic cancers is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchen Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Minhui Cui
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Dongsheng Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ganghao Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chun Xu
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Haihua Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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20
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Chen J, Holt JR, Evans EL, Lowengrub JS, Pathak MM. PIEZO1 regulates leader cell formation and cellular coordination during collective keratinocyte migration. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1011855. [PMID: 38578817 PMCID: PMC11023636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The collective migration of keratinocytes during wound healing requires both the generation and transmission of mechanical forces for individual cellular locomotion and the coordination of movement across cells. Leader cells along the wound edge transmit mechanical and biochemical cues to ensuing follower cells, ensuring their coordinated direction of migration across multiple cells. Despite the observed importance of mechanical cues in leader cell formation and in controlling coordinated directionality of cell migration, the underlying biophysical mechanisms remain elusive. The mechanically-activated ion channel PIEZO1 was recently identified to play an inhibitory role during the reepithelialization of wounds. Here, through an integrative experimental and mathematical modeling approach, we elucidate PIEZO1's contributions to collective migration. Time-lapse microscopy reveals that PIEZO1 activity inhibits leader cell formation at the wound edge. To probe the relationship between PIEZO1 activity, leader cell formation and inhibition of reepithelialization, we developed an integrative 2D continuum model of wound closure that links observations at the single cell and collective cell migration scales. Through numerical simulations and subsequent experimental validation, we found that coordinated directionality plays a key role during wound closure and is inhibited by upregulated PIEZO1 activity. We propose that PIEZO1-mediated retraction suppresses leader cell formation which inhibits coordinated directionality between cells during collective migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghao Chen
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Jesse R. Holt
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth L. Evans
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - John S. Lowengrub
- Department of Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Medha M. Pathak
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
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21
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Graham JN, Zhang G, Yeomans JM. Cell sorting by active forces in a phase-field model of cell monolayers. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:2955-2960. [PMID: 38469688 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01033c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Cell sorting, the segregation of cells with different properties into distinct domains, is a key phenomenon in biological processes such as embryogenesis. We use a phase-field model of a confluent cell layer to study the role of activity in cell sorting. We find that a mixture of cells with extensile or contractile dipolar activity, and which are identical apart from their activity, quickly sort into small, elongated patches which then grow slowly in time. We interpret the sorting as driven by the different diffusivity of the extensile and contractile cells, mirroring the ordering of Brownian particles connected to different hot and cold thermostats. We check that the free energy is not changed by either partial or complete sorting, thus confirming that activity can be responsible for the ordering even in the absence of thermodynamic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N Graham
- Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, Parks Road, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK.
| | - Guanming Zhang
- Center for Soft Matter Research, Department of Physics, New York University, New York 10003, USA
- Simons Center for Computational Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York 10003, USA
| | - Julia M Yeomans
- Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, Parks Road, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK.
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22
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Ebrahim T, Ebrahim AS, Kandouz M. Diversity of Intercellular Communication Modes: A Cancer Biology Perspective. Cells 2024; 13:495. [PMID: 38534339 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
From the moment a cell is on the path to malignant transformation, its interaction with other cells from the microenvironment becomes altered. The flow of molecular information is at the heart of the cellular and systemic fate in tumors, and various processes participate in conveying key molecular information from or to certain cancer cells. For instance, the loss of tight junction molecules is part of the signal sent to cancer cells so that they are no longer bound to the primary tumors and are thus free to travel and metastasize. Upon the targeting of a single cell by a therapeutic drug, gap junctions are able to communicate death information to by-standing cells. The discovery of the importance of novel modes of cell-cell communication such as different types of extracellular vesicles or tunneling nanotubes is changing the way scientists look at these processes. However, are they all actively involved in different contexts at the same time or are they recruited to fulfill specific tasks? What does the multiplicity of modes mean for the overall progression of the disease? Here, we extend an open invitation to think about the overall significance of these questions, rather than engage in an elusive attempt at a systematic repertory of the mechanisms at play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanzeela Ebrahim
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Abdul Shukkur Ebrahim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Mustapha Kandouz
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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23
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Solomatina ES, Kovaleva AV, Tvorogova AV, Vorobjev IA, Saidova AA. Effect of Focal Adhesion Kinase and Vinculin Expression on Migration Parameters of Normal and Tumor Epitheliocytes. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:474-486. [PMID: 38648767 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924030088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Focal adhesions (FAs) are mechanosensory structures that transform physical stimuli into chemical signals guiding cell migration. Comprehensive studies postulate correlation between the FA parameters and cell motility metrics for individual migrating cells. However, which properties of the FAs are critical for epithelial cell motility in a monolayer remains poorly elucidated. We used high-throughput microscopy to describe relationship between the FA parameters and cell migration in immortalized epithelial keratinocytes (HaCaT) and lung carcinoma cells (A549) with depleted or inhibited vinculin and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) FA proteins. To evaluate relationship between the FA morphology and cell migration, we used substrates with varying stiffness in the model of wound healing. Cells cultivated on fibronectin had the highest FA area values, migration rate, and upregulated expression of FAK and vinculin mRNAs, while the smallest FA area and slower migration rate to the wound were specific to cells cultivated on glass. Suppression of vinculin expression in both normal and tumor cells caused decrease of the FA size and fluorescence intensity but did not affect cell migration into the wound. In contrast, downregulation or inactivation of FAK did not affect the FA size but significantly slowed down the wound closure rate by both HaCaT and A549 cell lines. We also showed that the FAK knockdown results in the FA lifetime decrease for the cells cultivated both on glass and fibronectin. Our data indicate that the FA lifetime is the most important parameter defining migration of epithelial cells in a monolayer. The observed change in the cell migration rate in a monolayer caused by changes in expression/activation of FAK kinase makes FAK a promising target for anticancer therapy of lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia S Solomatina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Anastasia V Kovaleva
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Anna V Tvorogova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ivan A Vorobjev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Aleena A Saidova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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24
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Kryuchkov NP, Nasyrov AD, Gursky KD, Yurchenko SO. Influence of anomalous agents on the dynamics of an active system. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:034601. [PMID: 38632726 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.034601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Swarming behavior in systems of self-propelled particles, whether biological or artificial, has received increased attention in recent years. Here, we show that even a small number of particles with anomalous behavior can change dramatically collective dynamics of the swarming system and can impose unusual behavior and transitions between dynamic states. Our results pave the way to practical approaches and concepts of multiagent dynamics in groups of flocking animals: birds, insects, and fish, i.e., active and living soft matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita P Kryuchkov
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya Street 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Artur D Nasyrov
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya Street 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin D Gursky
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya Street 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stanislav O Yurchenko
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya Street 5, 105005 Moscow, Russia
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25
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Freingruber V, Painter KJ, Ptashnyk M, Schumacher LJ. A biased random walk approach for modeling the collective chemotaxis of neural crest cells. J Math Biol 2024; 88:32. [PMID: 38407620 PMCID: PMC10896796 DOI: 10.1007/s00285-024-02047-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Collective cell migration is a multicellular phenomenon that arises in various biological contexts, including cancer and embryo development. 'Collectiveness' can be promoted by cell-cell interactions such as co-attraction and contact inhibition of locomotion. These mechanisms act on cell polarity, pivotal for directed cell motility, through influencing the intracellular dynamics of small GTPases such as Rac1. To model these dynamics we introduce a biased random walk model, where the bias depends on the internal state of Rac1, and the Rac1 state is influenced by cell-cell interactions and chemoattractive cues. In an extensive simulation study we demonstrate and explain the scope and applicability of the introduced model in various scenarios. The use of a biased random walk model allows for the derivation of a corresponding partial differential equation for the cell density while still maintaining a certain level of intracellular detail from the individual based setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Freingruber
- Department of Mathematics, The Maxwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK.
- The Maxwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences, School of Mathematics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, Scotland, UK.
| | - Kevin J Painter
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Scienze, Progetto e Politiche del Territorio (DIST), Politecnico di Torino, Viale Pier Andrea Mattioli, 39, Turin, 10125, Italy
| | - Mariya Ptashnyk
- Department of Mathematics, The Maxwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK
| | - Linus J Schumacher
- The Maxwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences, School of Mathematics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, Scotland, UK
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh, EH164UU, Scotland, UK
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26
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Li Y, Zong X, Zhao J, Yang L, Zhang C, Zhao H. Evaluating the Effects of Pulsed Electrical Stimulation on the Mechanical Behavior and Microstructure of Medulla Oblongata Tissues. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:838-850. [PMID: 38178628 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The development of remote surgery hinges on comprehending the mechanical properties of the tissue at the surgical site. Understanding the mechanical behavior of the medulla oblongata tissue is instrumental for precisely determining the remote surgery implementation site. Additionally, exploring this tissue's response under electric fields can inform the creation of electrical stimulation therapy regimens. This could potentially reduce the extent of medulla oblongata tissue damage from mechanical compression. Various types of pulsed electric fields were integrated into a custom-built indentation device for this study. Experimental findings suggested that applying pulsed electric fields amplified the shear modulus of the medulla oblongata tissue. In the electric field, the elasticity and viscosity of the tissue increased. The most significant influence was noted from the low-frequency pulsed electric field, while the burst pulsed electric field had a minimal impact. At the microstructural scale, the application of an electric field led to the concentration of myelin in areas distant from the surface layer in the medulla oblongata, and the orderly structure of proteoglycans became disordered. The alterations observed in the myelin and proteoglycans under an electric field were considered to be the fundamental causes of the changes in the mechanical behavior of the medulla oblongata tissue. Moreover, cell polarization and extracellular matrix cavitation were observed, with transmission electron microscopy results pointing to laminar separation within the myelin at the ultrastructure scale. This study thoroughly explored the impact of electric field application on the mechanical behavior and microstructure of the medulla oblongata tissue, delving into the underlying mechanisms. This investigation delved into the changes and mechanisms in the mechanical behavior and microstructure of medulla oblongata tissue under the influence of electric fields. Furthermore, this study could serve as a reference for the development of electrical stimulation regimens in the central nervous system. The acquired mechanical behavior data could provide valuable baseline information to aid in the evolution of remote surgery techniques involving the medulla oblongata tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiang Li
- School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of CNC Equipment Reliability, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, P. R. China
- Institute of Structured and Architected Materials, Liaoning Academy of Materials, Shenyang 110167, P. R. China
- Chongqing Research Institute of Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Xiangyu Zong
- School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of CNC Equipment Reliability, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, P. R. China
- Institute of Structured and Architected Materials, Liaoning Academy of Materials, Shenyang 110167, P. R. China
- Chongqing Research Institute of Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Jiucheng Zhao
- School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of CNC Equipment Reliability, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, P. R. China
- Institute of Structured and Architected Materials, Liaoning Academy of Materials, Shenyang 110167, P. R. China
- Chongqing Research Institute of Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of CNC Equipment Reliability, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, P. R. China
- Institute of Structured and Architected Materials, Liaoning Academy of Materials, Shenyang 110167, P. R. China
- Chongqing Research Institute of Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of CNC Equipment Reliability, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, 5988 Renmin Street, Changchun 130025, P. R. China
- Institute of Structured and Architected Materials, Liaoning Academy of Materials, Shenyang 110167, P. R. China
- Chongqing Research Institute of Jilin University, Chongqing 401120, China
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27
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Xue Y, Xue C, Song W. Emerging roles of deubiquitinating enzymes in actin cytoskeleton and tumor metastasis. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-024-00923-z. [PMID: 38324230 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00923-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis accounts for the majority of cancer-related deaths. Actin dynamics and actin-based cell migration and invasion are important factors in cancer metastasis. Metastasis is characterized by actin polymerization and depolymerization, which are precisely regulated by molecular changes involving a plethora of actin regulators, including actin-binding proteins (ABPs) and signalling pathways, that enable cancer cell dissemination from the primary tumour. Research on deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) has revealed their vital roles in actin dynamics and actin-based migration and invasion during cancer metastasis. CONCLUSION Here, we review how DUBs drive tumour metastasis by participating in actin rearrangement and actin-based migration and invasion. We summarize the well-characterized and essential actin cytoskeleton signalling molecules related to DUBs, including Rho GTPases, Src kinases, and ABPs such as cofilin and cortactin. Other DUBs that modulate actin-based migration signalling pathways are also discussed. Finally, we discuss and address therapeutic opportunities and ongoing challenges related to DUBs with respect to actin dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xue
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China.
| | - Cong Xue
- School of Stomatology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, PR China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, PR China.
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28
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Manifacier I, Carlin G, Liu D, Vassaux M, Pieuchot L, Luchnikov V, Anselme K, Milan JL. In silico analysis shows that dynamic changes in curvature guide cell migration over long distances. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2024; 23:315-333. [PMID: 37875692 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-023-01777-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
In vitro experiments have shown that cell scale curvatures influence cell migration; cells avoid convex hills and settle in concave valleys. However, it is not known whether dynamic changes in curvature can guide cell migration. This study extends a previous in-silico model to explore the effects over time of changing the substrate curvature on cell migration guidance. By simulating a dynamic surface curvature using traveling wave patterns, we investigate the influence of wave height and speed, and find that long-distance cell migration guidance can be achieved on specific wave patterns. We propose a mechanistic explanation of what we call dynamic curvotaxis and highlight those cellular features that may be involved. Our results open a new area of study for understanding cell mobility in dynamic environments, from single-cell in vitro experiments to multi-cellular in vivo mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Manifacier
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Marseille, France
- APHM, Institute for Locomotion, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, St Marguerite Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Gildas Carlin
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Marseille, France
- APHM, Institute for Locomotion, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, St Marguerite Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Dongshu Liu
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Marseille, France
- APHM, Institute for Locomotion, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, St Marguerite Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Maxime Vassaux
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes) - UMR 6251, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Laurent Pieuchot
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Mulhouse, 68100, France
| | - Valeriy Luchnikov
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Mulhouse, 68100, France
| | - Karine Anselme
- Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Mulhouse, 68100, France
| | - Jean-Louis Milan
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, Marseille, France.
- APHM, Institute for Locomotion, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, St Marguerite Hospital, Marseille, France.
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29
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Vanacker JM, Forcet C. ERRα: unraveling its role as a key player in cell migration. Oncogene 2024; 43:379-387. [PMID: 38129506 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02899-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Cell migration is essential throughout the life of multicellular organisms, and largely depends on the spatial and temporal regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics, cell adhesion and signal transduction. Interestingly, Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) has been identified as a major regulator of cell migration in both physiological and pathological conditions. ERRα is an orphan member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily of transcription factors and displays many biological functions. ERRα is a global regulator of energy metabolism, and it is also highly involved in bone homeostasis, development, differentiation, immunity and cancer progression. Importantly, in some instances, the regulation of these biological processes relies on the ability to orchestrate cell movements. Therefore, this review describes how ERRα-mediated cell migration contributes not only to tissue homeostasis but also to tumorigenesis and metastasis, and highlights the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which ERRα finely controls the cell migratory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Vanacker
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Christelle Forcet
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, UMR5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
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30
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Sugiyama Y, Reed DA, Herrmann D, Lovicu FJ, Robinson ML, Timpson P, Masai I. Fibroblast growth factor-induced lens fiber cell elongation is driven by the stepwise activity of Rho and Rac. Development 2024; 151:dev202123. [PMID: 38240393 PMCID: PMC10911273 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The spheroidal shape of the eye lens is crucial for precise light focusing onto the retina. This shape is determined by concentrically aligned, convexly elongated lens fiber cells along the anterior and posterior axis of the lens. Upon differentiation at the lens equator, the fiber cells increase in height as their apical and basal tips migrate towards the anterior and posterior poles, respectively. The forces driving this elongation and migration remain unclear. We found that, in the mouse lens, membrane protrusions or lamellipodia are observed only in the maturing fibers undergoing cell curve conversion, indicating that lamellipodium formation is not the primary driver of earlier fiber migration. We demonstrated that elevated levels of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) suppressed the extension of Rac-dependent protrusions, suggesting changes in the activity of FGF controlling Rac activity, switching to lamellipodium-driven migration. Inhibitors of ROCK, myosin and actin reduced the height of both early and later fibers, indicating that elongation of these fibers relies on actomyosin contractility. Consistent with this, active RhoA was detected throughout these fibers. Given that FGF promotes fiber elongation, we propose that it does so through regulation of Rho activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sugiyama
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Daniel A. Reed
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - David Herrmann
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Frank J. Lovicu
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
- Molecular and Cellular Biomedicine, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Michael L. Robinson
- Department of Biology and Center for Visual Sciences, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA
| | - Paul Timpson
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Ichiro Masai
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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31
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Yang J, Shay C, Saba NF, Teng Y. Cancer metabolism and carcinogenesis. Exp Hematol Oncol 2024; 13:10. [PMID: 38287402 PMCID: PMC10826200 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-024-00482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is an emerging hallmark of cancer cells, enabling them to meet increased nutrient and energy demands while withstanding the challenging microenvironment. Cancer cells can switch their metabolic pathways, allowing them to adapt to different microenvironments and therapeutic interventions. This refers to metabolic heterogeneity, in which different cell populations use different metabolic pathways to sustain their survival and proliferation and impact their response to conventional cancer therapies. Thus, targeting cancer metabolic heterogeneity represents an innovative therapeutic avenue with the potential to overcome treatment resistance and improve therapeutic outcomes. This review discusses the metabolic patterns of different cancer cell populations and developmental stages, summarizes the molecular mechanisms involved in the intricate interactions within cancer metabolism, and highlights the clinical potential of targeting metabolic vulnerabilities as a promising therapeutic regimen. We aim to unravel the complex of metabolic characteristics and develop personalized treatment approaches to address distinct metabolic traits, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Yang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 201 Dowman Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Chloe Shay
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Nabil F Saba
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 201 Dowman Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Yong Teng
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, 201 Dowman Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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32
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Phan TV, Mattingly HH, Vo L, Marvin JS, Looger LL, Emonet T. Direct measurement of dynamic attractant gradients reveals breakdown of the Patlak-Keller-Segel chemotaxis model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2309251121. [PMID: 38194458 PMCID: PMC10801886 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2309251121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotactic bacteria not only navigate chemical gradients, but also shape their environments by consuming and secreting attractants. Investigating how these processes influence the dynamics of bacterial populations has been challenging because of a lack of experimental methods for measuring spatial profiles of chemoattractants in real time. Here, we use a fluorescent sensor for aspartate to directly measure bacterially generated chemoattractant gradients during collective migration. Our measurements show that the standard Patlak-Keller-Segel model for collective chemotactic bacterial migration breaks down at high cell densities. To address this, we propose modifications to the model that consider the impact of cell density on bacterial chemotaxis and attractant consumption. With these changes, the model explains our experimental data across all cell densities, offering insight into chemotactic dynamics. Our findings highlight the significance of considering cell density effects on bacterial behavior, and the potential for fluorescent metabolite sensors to shed light on the complex emergent dynamics of bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung V. Phan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT06511
- Quantitative Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT06511
| | | | - Lam Vo
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT06511
- Quantitative Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT06511
| | - Jonathan S. Marvin
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA20147
| | - Loren L. Looger
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA20147
- HHMI, University of California, San Diego, CA92093
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA92093
| | - Thierry Emonet
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT06511
- Quantitative Biology Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT06511
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT06511
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33
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Ye Y, Lin J. Fingering Instability Accelerates Population Growth of a Proliferating Cell Collective. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:018402. [PMID: 38242660 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.018402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
During the growth of a cell collective, such as proliferating microbial colonies and epithelial tissues, the local cell growth increases the local pressure, which in turn suppresses cell growth. How this pressure-growth coupling affects the growth of a cell collective remains unclear. Here, we answer this question using a continuum model of a cell collective. We find that a fast-growing leading front and a slow-growing interior of the cell collective emerge due to the pressure-dependent growth rate. The leading front can exhibit fingering instability, and we confirm the predicted instability criteria numerically with the leading front explicitly simulated. Intriguingly, we find that fingering instability is not only a consequence of local cell growth but also enhances the entire population's growth rate as positive feedback. Our work unveils the fitness advantage of fingering formation and suggests that the ability to form protrusions can be evolutionarily selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Ye
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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34
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Lichtenberg JY, Ramamurthy E, Young AD, Redman TP, Leonard CE, Das SK, Fisher PB, Lemmon CA, Hwang PY. Leader cells mechanically respond to aligned collagen architecture to direct collective migration. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296153. [PMID: 38165954 PMCID: PMC10760762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Leader cells direct collective migration through sensing cues in their microenvironment to determine migration direction. The mechanism by which leader cells sense the mechanical cue of organized matrix architecture culminating in a mechanical response is not well defined. In this study, we investigated the effect of organized collagen matrix fibers on leader cell mechanics and demonstrate that leader cells protrude along aligned fibers resulting in an elongated phenotype of the entire cluster. Further, leader cells show increased mechanical interactions with their nearby matrix compared to follower cells, as evidenced by increased traction forces, increased and larger focal adhesions, and increased expression of integrin-α2. Together our results demonstrate changes in mechanical matrix cues drives changes in leader cell mechanoresponse that is required for directional collective migration. Our findings provide new insights into two fundamental components of carcinogenesis, namely invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessanne Y. Lichtenberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Ella Ramamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Anna D. Young
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Trey P. Redman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Corinne E. Leonard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Swadesh K. Das
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- VCU Massey Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Paul B. Fisher
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- VCU Massey Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Lemmon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Priscilla Y. Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- VCU Massey Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
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35
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Kim C, Robitaille M, Christodoulides J, Ng Y, Raphael M, Kang W. Hs27 fibroblast response to contact guidance cues. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21691. [PMID: 38066191 PMCID: PMC10709656 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48913-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Contact guidance is the phenomena of how cells respond to the topography of their external environment. The morphological and dynamic cell responses are strongly influenced by topographic features such as lateral and vertical dimensions, namely, ridge and groove widths and groove depth ([Formula: see text], respectively). However, experimental studies that independently quantify the effect of the individual dimensions as well as their coupling on cellular function are still limited. In this work, we perform extensive parametric studies in the dimensional space-well beyond the previously studied range in the literature-to explore topographical effects on morphology and migration of Hs27 fibroblasts via static and dynamic analyses of live cell images. Our static analysis reveals that the [Formula: see text] is most significant, followed by the [Formula: see text]. The fibroblasts appear to be more elongated and aligned in the groove direction as the [Formula: see text] increases, but their trend changes after 725 nm. Interestingly, the cell shape and alignment show a very strong correlation regardless of [Formula: see text]. Our dynamic analysis confirms that directional cell migration is also strongly influenced by the [Formula: see text], while the effect of the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is statistically insignificant. Directional cell migration, as observed in the static cell behavior, shows the statistically significant transition when the [Formula: see text] is 725 nm, showing the intimate links between cell morphology and migration. We propose possible scenarios to offer mechanistic explanations of the observed cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Kim
- Mechanical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - M Robitaille
- US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | | | - Y Ng
- Mechanical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| | - M Raphael
- US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - W Kang
- Mechanical Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA.
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Sugiyama Y, Reed DA, Herrmann D, Lovicu FJ, Robinson ML, Timpson P, Masai I. Fibroblast Growth Factor-induced lens fiber cell elongation is driven by the stepwise activity of Rho and Rac. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.03.569812. [PMID: 38106159 PMCID: PMC10723307 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.03.569812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The spheroidal shape of the eye lens is critical for precise light focusing onto the retina. This shape is determined by concentrically aligned, convexly elongated lens fiber cells along the anterior and posterior axis of the lens. Upon differentiation at the lens equator, the fiber cells increase in height as their apical and basal tips migrate towards the anterior and posterior poles, respectively. The forces driving this elongation and migration remain unclear. We found that membrane protrusions or lamellipodia are observed only in the maturing fibers undergoing cell curve conversion, indicating lamellipodium is not the primary driver of earlier fiber migration. We demonstrated that elevated levels of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) suppressed the extension of Rac-dependent protrusions, suggesting changes in the activity of FGF controling Rac activity, switching to lamellipodium-driven migration. Inhibitors of ROCK, myosin, and actin reduced the height of both early and later fibers, indicating elongation of these fibers relies on actomyosin contractility. Consistently, active RhoA was detected throughout these fibers. Given that FGF promotes fiber elongation, we propose it to do so through regulation of Rho activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sugiyama
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Daniel A. Reed
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - David Herrmann
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Frank J. Lovicu
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
- Molecular and Cellular Biomedicine, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Michael L. Robinson
- Department of Biology and Center for Visual Sciences, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Paul Timpson
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Ichiro Masai
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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Burghardt E, Rakijas J, Tyagi A, Majumder P, Olson BJSC, McDonald JA. Transcriptome analysis reveals temporally regulated genetic networks during Drosophila border cell collective migration. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:728. [PMID: 38041052 PMCID: PMC10693066 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Collective cell migration underlies many essential processes, including sculpting organs during embryogenesis, wound healing in the adult, and metastasis of cancer cells. At mid-oogenesis, Drosophila border cells undergo collective migration. Border cells round up into a small group at the pre-migration stage, detach from the epithelium and undergo a dynamic and highly regulated migration at the mid-migration stage, and stop at the oocyte, their final destination, at the post-migration stage. While specific genes that promote cell signaling, polarization of the cluster, formation of protrusions, and cell-cell adhesion are known to regulate border cell migration, there may be additional genes that promote these distinct active phases of border cell migration. Therefore, we sought to identify genes whose expression patterns changed during border cell migration. RESULTS We performed RNA-sequencing on border cells isolated at pre-, mid-, and post-migration stages. We report that 1,729 transcripts, in nine co-expression gene clusters, are temporally and differentially expressed across the three migration stages. Gene ontology analyses and constructed protein-protein interaction networks identified genes expected to function in collective migration, such as regulators of the cytoskeleton, adhesion, and tissue morphogenesis, but also uncovered a notable enrichment of genes involved in immune signaling, ribosome biogenesis, and stress responses. Finally, we validated the in vivo expression and function of a subset of identified genes in border cells. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results identified differentially and temporally expressed genetic networks that may facilitate the efficient development and migration of border cells. The genes identified here represent a wealth of new candidates to investigate the molecular nature of dynamic collective cell migrations in developing tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Burghardt
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, 116 Ackert Hall, 1717 Claflin Rd, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Jessica Rakijas
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, 116 Ackert Hall, 1717 Claflin Rd, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Antariksh Tyagi
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, 116 Ackert Hall, 1717 Claflin Rd, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Pralay Majumder
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Bradley J S C Olson
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, 116 Ackert Hall, 1717 Claflin Rd, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
| | - Jocelyn A McDonald
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, 116 Ackert Hall, 1717 Claflin Rd, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
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38
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Yin W, Li X, Liu P, Li Y, Liu J, Yu S, Tai S. Digestive system deep infiltrating endometriosis: What do we know. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:3649-3661. [PMID: 37632165 PMCID: PMC10718155 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Digestive system infiltrating endometriosis (DSIE) is an uncommon form of endometriosis in the digestive system. DSIE often occurs in the intestines (especially the sigmoid rectum), liver, gallbladder and pancreas. Clinically, DSIE presents with the same symptoms as endometriosis, including cyclic pain, bleeding and infertility, in addition to specific biliary/intestinal obstruction and gastrointestinal bleeding. Compared to general endometriosis, DSIE has unique biological behaviour and pathophysiological mechanisms. Most DSIEs are deep invasive endometrioses, characterized by metastasis to the lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels, angiogenesis, peripheral nerve recruitment, fibrosis and invasion of surrounding tissues. DSIE-related peripheral angiogenesis is divided into three patterns: angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and inosculation. These patterns are regulated by interactions between multiple hypoxia-hormone cytokines. The nerve growth factors regulate the extensive neurofibril recruitment in DSIE lesions, which accounts for severe symptoms of deep pain. They are also associated with fibrosis and the aggressiveness of DSIE. Cyclic changes in DSIE lesions, recurrent inflammation and oxidative stress promote repeated tissue injury and repair (ReTIAR) mechanisms in the lesions, accelerating fibril formation and cancer-related mutations. Similar to malignant tumours, DSIE can also exhibit aggressiveness derived from collective cell migration mediated by E-cadherin and N-cadherin. This often makes DSIE misdiagnosed as a malignant tumour of the digestive system in clinical practice. In addition to surgery, novel treatments are urgently required to effectively eradicate this lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenze Yin
- Department of Hepatic SurgerySecond Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Department of PathologySecond Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Peng Liu
- Laboratory of Medical GeneticsHarbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Yingjie Li
- Department of PathologySix Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of PathologySecond Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Shan Yu
- Department of PathologySecond Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Sheng Tai
- Department of Hepatic SurgerySecond Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina
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Ju T, Dong J, Wang B, Qu K, Cheng C, He X, Tian Y, Crabbe MJC, Wang Z, Chen Y. Cancer Development in Hepatocytes by Long-Term Induction of Hypoxic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell (HCC)-Derived Exosomes In Vivo and In Vitro. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5579-5592. [PMID: 37844208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic tumor cell-derived exosomes play a key role in the occurrence, development, and metastasis of tumors. However, the mechanism of hypoxia-mediated metastasis remains unclear. In this study, hypoxic hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HCC-LM3)-derived exosomes (H-LM3-exos) were used to induce hepatocytes (HL-7702) over a long term (40 passages in 120 days). A nude mouse experiment further verified the effect of H-LM3-exos on tumor growth and metastasis. The process of cancer development in hepatocytes induced by H-LM3-exos was analyzed using both biological and physical techniques, and the results showed that the proliferation and soft agar growth abilities of the transformed cells were enhanced. The concentration of tumor markers secreted by transformed cells was increased, the cytoskeleton was disordered, and the migration ability was enhanced and was accompanied by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Transcriptome results showed that differentially expressed genes between transformed cells and hepatocytes were enriched in cancer-related signaling pathways. The degree of cancer development in transformed cells was enhanced by an increase in H-LM3-exos-induced passages. Nude mice treated with different concentrations of H-LM3-exos showed different degrees of tumor growth and liver lesions. The physical properties of the cells were characterized by atomic force microscopy. Compared with the hepatocytes, the height and roughness of the transformed cells were increased, while the adhesion and elastic modulus were decreased. The changes in physical properties of primary tumor cells and hepatocytes in nude mice were consistent with this trend. Our study linking omics with the physical properties of cells provides a new direction for studying the mechanisms of cancer development and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuoyu Ju
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jianjun Dong
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Bowei Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Kaige Qu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Can Cheng
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xiuxia He
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yanling Tian
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CF4 7AL, U.K
| | - M James C Crabbe
- Wolfson College, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6UD, U.K
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Science & Technology, and Institute for Research in Applicable Computing, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, U.K
| | - Zuobin Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Science & Technology, and Institute for Research in Applicable Computing, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, U.K
| | - Yujuan Chen
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
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40
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Amiri A, Duclut C, Jülicher F, Popović M. Random Traction Yielding Transition in Epithelial Tissues. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:188401. [PMID: 37977637 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.188401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
We investigate how randomly oriented cell traction forces lead to fluidization in a vertex model of epithelial tissues. We find that the fluidization occurs at a critical value of the traction force magnitude F_{c}. We show that this transition exhibits critical behavior, similar to the yielding transition of sheared amorphous solids. However, we find that it belongs to a different universality class, even though it satisfies the same scaling relations between critical exponents established in the yielding transition of sheared amorphous solids. Our work provides a fluidization mechanism through active force generation that could be relevant in biological tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboutaleb Amiri
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Charlie Duclut
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), UMR 7057 CNRS, Paris, France
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie Curie, CNRS UMR 168, Institut Curie, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Frank Jülicher
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, Technical University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marko Popović
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, Technical University of Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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41
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Proença C, Freitas M, Ribeiro D, Rufino AT, Fernandes E, Ferreira de Oliveira JMP. The role of flavonoids in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer: A review on targeting signaling pathways and metastasis. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:1878-1945. [PMID: 37147865 DOI: 10.1002/med.21966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of cancer is metastasis, a process that entails the spread of cancer cells to distant regions in the body, culminating in tumor formation in secondary organs. Importantly, the proinflammatory environment surrounding cancer cells further contributes to cancer cell transformation and extracellular matrix destruction. During metastasis, front-rear polarity and emergence of migratory and invasive features are manifestations of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). A variety of transcription factors (TFs) are implicated in the execution of EMT, the most prominent belonging to the Snail Family Transcriptional Repressor (SNAI) and Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox (ZEB) families of TFs. These TFs are regulated by interaction with specific microRNAs (miRNAs), as miR34 and miR200. Among the several secondary metabolites produced in plants, flavonoids constitute a major group of bioactive molecules, with several described effects including antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, antiobesogenic, and anticancer effects. This review scrutinizes the modulatory role of flavonoids on the activity of SNAI/ZEB TFs and on their regulatory miRNAs, miR-34, and miR-200. The modulatory role of flavonoids can attenuate mesenchymal features and stimulate epithelial features, thereby inhibiting and reversing EMT. Moreover, this modulation is concomitant with the attenuation of signaling pathways involved in diverse processes as cell proliferation, cell growth, cell cycle progression, apoptosis inhibition, morphogenesis, cell fate, cell migration, cell polarity, and wound healing. The antimetastatic potential of these versatile compounds is emerging and represents an opportunity for the synthesis of more specific and potent agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Proença
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marisa Freitas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Ribeiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana T Rufino
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Miguel P Ferreira de Oliveira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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42
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Gordon DM. Collective behavior in relation with changing environments: Dynamics, modularity, and agency. Evol Dev 2023; 25:430-438. [PMID: 37190859 DOI: 10.1111/ede.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Collective behavior operates without central control, using local interactions among participants to adjust to changing conditions. Many natural systems operate collectively, and by specifying what objectives are met by the system, the idea of agency helps to describe how collective behavior is embedded in the conditions it deals with. Ant colonies function collectively, and the enormous diversity of more than 15K species of ants, in different habitats, provides opportunities to look for general ecological patterns in how collective behavior operates. The foraging behavior of harvester ants in the desert regulates activity to manage water loss, while the trail networks of turtle ants in the canopy tropical forest respond to rapidly changing resources and vegetation. These examples illustrate some broad correspondences in natural systems between the dynamics of collective behavior and the dynamics of the surroundings. To outline how interactions among participants, acting in relation with changing surroundings, achieve collective outcomes, I focus on three aspects of collective behavior: the rate at which interactions adjust to conditions, the feedback regime that stimulates and inhibits activity, and the modularity of the network of interactions. To characterize the dynamics of the surroundings, I consider gradients in stability, energy flow, and the distribution of resources and demands. I then propose some hypotheses that link how collective behavior operates with changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah M Gordon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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43
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Fentress MK, De Tomaso AW. Increased collective migration correlates with germline stem cell competition in a basal chordate. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291104. [PMID: 37903140 PMCID: PMC10615308 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell competition is a process that compares the relative fitness of progenitor cells, resulting in winners, which contribute further to development, and losers, which are excluded, and is likely a universal quality control process that contributes to the fitness of an individual. Cell competition also has pathological consequences, and can create super-competitor cells responsible for tumor progression. We are studying cell competition during germline regeneration in the colonial ascidian, Botryllus schlosseri. Germline regeneration is due to the presence of germline stem cells (GSCs) which have a unique property: a competitive phenotype. When GSCs from one individual are transplanted into another, the donor and recipient cells compete for germline development. Often the donor GSCs win, and completely replace the gametes of the recipient- a process called germ cell parasitism (gcp). gcp is a heritable trait, and winner and loser genotypes can be found in nature and reared in the lab. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying gcp are unknown. Using an ex vivo migration assay, we show that GSCs isolated from winner genotypes migrate faster and in larger clusters than losers, and that cluster size correlates with expression of the Notch ligand, Jagged. Both cluster size and jagged expression can be manipulated simultaneously in a genotype dependent manner: treatment of loser GSCs with hepatocyte growth factor increases both jagged expression and cluster size, while inhibitors of the MAPK pathway decrease jagged expression and cluster size in winner GSCs. Live imaging in individuals transplanted with labeled winner and loser GSCs reveal that they migrate to the niche, some as small clusters, with the winners having a slight advantage in niche occupancy. Together, this suggests that the basis of GSC competition resides in a combination in homing ability and niche occupancy, and may be controlled by differential utilization of the Notch pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan K. Fentress
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States of America
| | - Anthony W. De Tomaso
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States of America
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Comlekoglu T, Dzamba BJ, Pacheco GG, Shook DR, Sego TJ, Glazier JA, Peirce SM, DeSimone DW. Modeling the roles of cohesotaxis, cell-intercalation, and tissue geometry in collective cell migration of Xenopus mesendoderm. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.16.562601. [PMID: 37904937 PMCID: PMC10614848 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.16.562601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Collectively migrating Xenopus mesendoderm cells are arranged into leader and follower rows with distinct adhesive properties and protrusive behaviors. In vivo, leading row mesendoderm cells extend polarized protrusions and migrate along a fibronectin matrix assembled by blastocoel roof cells. Traction stresses generated at the leading row result in the pulling forward of attached follower row cells. Mesendoderm explants removed from embryos provide an experimentally tractable system for characterizing collective cell movements and behaviors, yet the cellular mechanisms responsible for this mode of migration remain elusive. We introduce an agent-based computational model of migrating mesendoderm in the Cellular-Potts computational framework to investigate the relative contributions of multiple parameters specific to the behaviors of leader and follower row cells. Sensitivity analyses identify cohesotaxis, tissue geometry, and cell intercalation as key parameters affecting the migration velocity of collectively migrating cells. The model predicts that cohesotaxis and tissue geometry in combination promote cooperative migration of leader cells resulting in increased migration velocity of the collective. Radial intercalation of cells towards the substrate is an additional mechanism to increase migratory speed of the tissue. Summary Statement We present a novel Cellular-Potts model of collective cell migration to investigate the relative roles of cohesotaxis, tissue geometry, and cell intercalation on migration velocity of Xenopus mesendoderm.
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45
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Triguero-Platero G, Ziebert F, Bonilla LL. Coarse-graining the vertex model and its response to shear. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:044118. [PMID: 37978645 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.044118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Tissue dynamics and collective cell motion are crucial biological processes. Their biological machinery is mostly known, and simulation models such as the active vertex model exist and yield reasonable agreement with experimental observations such as tissue fluidization or fingering. However, a good and well-founded continuum description for tissues remains to be developed. In this work, we derive a macroscopic description for a two-dimensional cell monolayer by coarse-graining the vertex model through the Poisson bracket approach. We obtain equations for cell density, velocity, and the cellular shape tensor. We then study the homogeneous steady states, their stability (which coincides with thermodynamic stability), and especially their behavior under an externally applied shear. Our results contribute to elucidate the interplay between flow and cellular shape. The obtained macroscopic equations present a good starting point for adding cell motion, morphogenetic, and other biologically relevant processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Falko Ziebert
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Heidelberg University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Luis L Bonilla
- Department of Mathematics, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain and G. Millán Institute for Fluid Dynamics, Nanoscience and Industrial Mathematics, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Leganés, Spain
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46
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Li S, Gao Z, Li H, Xu C, Chen B, Zha Q, Yang K, Wang W. Hif-1α/Slit2 Mediates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Changes in Restenosis of Bypass Grafts. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2023; 16:1021-1031. [PMID: 37097589 PMCID: PMC10615989 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10384-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are involved in restenosis of bypass grafts and cause artery graft occlusion. This study aimed to explore the role of Slit2 in phenotypic switching of VSMCs and its effect on restenosis of vascular conduits. An animal model of vascular graft restenosis (VGR) was produced in SD rats and assessed by echocardiography. The expression of Slit2 and Hif-1α was measured in vivo and in vitro. After Slit2 overexpression, the migration and proliferation of VSMCs were detected in vitro, and the restenosis rates and phenotype of VSMCs were tested in vivo. The arteries of the VGR model presented significant stenosis, and Slit2 was decreased in VSMCs of the VGR model. In vitro, Slit2 overexpression inhibited the migration and proliferation of VSMCs, but Slit2 knockdown promoted migration and proliferation. Hypoxia induced Hif-1α but reduced Slit2, and Hif-1α negatively regulated Slit2 expression. Moreover, Slit2 overexpression weakened the rate of VGR and maintained the patency of artery bypass grafts, which suppressed the phenotypic switching of VSMCs. Slit2 inhibited the synthetic phenotype transformation to inhibit the migration and proliferation of VSMCs and delayed the VGR via Hif-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Zhiwei Gao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Haiqing Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Qing Zha
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Ke Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Weilin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China.
- Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Hepatocellular Carcinoma of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China.
- Clinical Medicine Innovation Center of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China.
- Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China.
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47
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Khan SU, Fatima K, Malik F, Kalkavan H, Wani A. Cancer metastasis: Molecular mechanisms and clinical perspectives. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 250:108522. [PMID: 37661054 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic progression combined with non-responsiveness towards systemic therapy often shapes the course of disease for cancer patients and commonly determines its lethal outcome. The complex molecular events that promote metastasis are a combination of both, the acquired pro-metastatic properties of cancer cells and a metastasis-permissive or -supportive tumor micro-environment (TME). Yet, dissemination is a challenging process for cancer cells that requires a series of events to enable cancer cell survival and growth. Metastatic cancer cells have to initially detach themselves from primary tumors, overcome the challenges of their intravasal journey and colonize distant sites that are suited for their metastases. The implicated obstacles including anoikis and immune surveillance, can be overcome by intricate intra- and extracellular signaling pathways, which we will summarize and discuss in this review. Further, emerging modulators of metastasis, like the immune-microenvironment, microbiome, sublethal cell death engagement, or the nervous system will be integrated into the existing working model of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Ullah Khan
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Division of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Kaneez Fatima
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (ASIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Fayaz Malik
- Division of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu and Kashmir, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (ASIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Halime Kalkavan
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Abubakar Wani
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Pl, Memphis, TN 38105, United States.
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48
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Wang XC, Tang YL, Liang XH. Tumour follower cells: A novel driver of leader cells in collective invasion (Review). Int J Oncol 2023; 63:115. [PMID: 37615176 PMCID: PMC10552739 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2023.5563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Collective cellular invasion in malignant tumours is typically characterized by the cooperative migration of multiple cells in close proximity to each other. Follower cells are led away from the tumour by specialized leader cells, and both cell populations play a crucial role in collective invasion. Follower cells form the main body of the migration system and depend on intercellular contact for migration, whereas leader cells indicate the direction for the entire cell population. Although collective invasion can occur in epithelial and non‑epithelial malignant neoplasms, such as medulloblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma, the present review mainly provided an extensive analysis of epithelial tumours. In the present review, the cooperative mechanisms of contact inhibition locomotion between follower and leader cells, where follower cells coordinate and direct collective movement through physical (mechanical) and chemical (signalling) interactions, is summarised. In addition, the molecular mechanisms of follower cell invasion and metastasis during remodelling and degradation of the extracellular matrix and how chemotaxis and lateral inhibition mediate follower cell behaviour were analysed. It was also demonstrated that follower cells exhibit genetic and metabolic heterogeneity during invasion, unlike leader cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Chen Wang
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- Departments of Oral Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Hua Liang
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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49
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Qiu Y, Wang H, Guo Q, Liu Y, He Y, Zhang G, Yang C, Du Y, Gao F. CD44s-activated tPA/LRP1-NFκB pathway drives lamellipodia outgrowth in luminal-type breast cancer cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1224827. [PMID: 37842093 PMCID: PMC10569302 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1224827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Some cancer cells migration and metastasis are characterized by the outgrowth of lamellipodia protrusions in which the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Evidence has confirmed that lamellipodia formation could be regulated by various adhesion molecules, such as CD44, and we previously reported that lamellipodia at the leading edge of luminal type breast cancer (BrCa) were enriched with high expression of CD44. In this study, we found that the overexpression of CD44s could promote lamellipodia formation in BrCa cells through inducing tissue type plasminogen activator (tPA) upregulation, which was achieved by PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activation. Moreover, we revealed that tPA could interact with LDL receptor related protein 1 (LRP1) to activate the downstream NFκB signaling pathway, which in turn facilitate lamellipodia formation. Notably, inhibition of the tPA/LRP1-NFkB signaling cascade could attenuate the CD44s-induced lamellipodia formation. Thus, our findings uncover a novel role of CD44s in driving lamellipodia outgrowth through tPA/LRP1-NFkB axis in luminal BrCa cells that may be helpful for seeking potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Qiu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Guo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqing He
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuixia Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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50
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Alanko J, Uçar MC, Canigova N, Stopp J, Schwarz J, Merrin J, Hannezo E, Sixt M. CCR7 acts as both a sensor and a sink for CCL19 to coordinate collective leukocyte migration. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eadc9584. [PMID: 37656776 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adc9584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Immune responses rely on the rapid and coordinated migration of leukocytes. Whereas it is well established that single-cell migration is often guided by gradients of chemokines and other chemoattractants, it remains poorly understood how these gradients are generated, maintained, and modulated. By combining experimental data with theory on leukocyte chemotaxis guided by the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) CCR7, we demonstrate that in addition to its role as the sensory receptor that steers migration, CCR7 also acts as a generator and a modulator of chemotactic gradients. Upon exposure to the CCR7 ligand CCL19, dendritic cells (DCs) effectively internalize the receptor and ligand as part of the canonical GPCR desensitization response. We show that CCR7 internalization also acts as an effective sink for the chemoattractant, dynamically shaping the spatiotemporal distribution of the chemokine. This mechanism drives complex collective migration patterns, enabling DCs to create or sharpen chemotactic gradients. We further show that these self-generated gradients can sustain the long-range guidance of DCs, adapt collective migration patterns to the size and geometry of the environment, and provide a guidance cue for other comigrating cells. Such a dual role of CCR7 as a GPCR that both senses and consumes its ligand can thus provide a novel mode of cellular self-organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonna Alanko
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
- MediCity and InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mehmet Can Uçar
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Nikola Canigova
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Julian Stopp
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Jan Schwarz
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
- Ibidi GmbH, Gräfelfing, Germany
| | - Jack Merrin
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Edouard Hannezo
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Michael Sixt
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria
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