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Colino-Lage H, Guerrero-Gómez D, Gómez-Orte E, González X, Martina JA, Dansen TB, Ayuso C, Askjaer P, Puertollano R, Irazoqui JE, Cabello J, Miranda-Vizuete A. Regulation of Caenorhabditis elegans HLH-30 subcellular localization dynamics: Evidence for a redox-dependent mechanism. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 223:369-383. [PMID: 39059513 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) transcription factors TFEB/TFE3 and HLH-30 are key regulators of autophagy induction and lysosomal biogenesis in mammals and C. elegans, respectively. While much is known about the regulation of TFEB/TFE3, how HLH-30 subcellular dynamics and transactivation are modulated are yet poorly understood. Thus, elucidating the regulation of C. elegans HLH-30 will provide evolutionary insight into the mechanisms governing the function of bHLH transcription factor family. We report here that HLH-30 is retained in the cytoplasm mainly through its conserved Ser201 residue and that HLH-30 physically interacts with the 14-3-3 protein FTT-2 in this location. The FoxO transcription factor DAF-16 is not required for HLH-30 nuclear translocation upon stress, despite that both proteins partner to form a complex that coordinately regulates several organismal responses. Similar as described for DAF-16, the importin IMB-2 assists HLH-30 nuclear translocation, but constitutive HLH-30 nuclear localization is not sufficient to trigger its distinctive transcriptional response. Furthermore, we identify FTT-2 as the target of diethyl maleate (DEM), a GSH depletor that causes a transient nuclear translocation of HLH-30. Together, our work demonstrates that the regulation of TFEB/TFE3 and HLH-30 family members is evolutionarily conserved and that, in addition to a direct redox regulation through its conserved single cysteine residue, HLH-30 can also be indirectly regulated by a redox-dependent mechanism, probably through FTT-2 oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hildegard Colino-Lage
- Redox Homeostasis Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - David Guerrero-Gómez
- Redox Homeostasis Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Eva Gómez-Orte
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Xavier González
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - José A Martina
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tobias B Dansen
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Cristina Ayuso
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Junta de Andalucía, Seville, Spain
| | - Peter Askjaer
- Andalusian Centre for Developmental Biology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Junta de Andalucía, Seville, Spain
| | - Rosa Puertollano
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Javier E Irazoqui
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Juan Cabello
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de la Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, La Rioja, Spain.
| | - Antonio Miranda-Vizuete
- Redox Homeostasis Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
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Li M, Zhang Z, He L, Wang X, Yin J, Wang X, You Y, Qian X, Ge X, Shi Z. SMYD2 induced PGC1α methylation promotes stemness maintenance of glioblastoma stem cells. Neuro Oncol 2024; 26:1587-1601. [PMID: 38721826 PMCID: PMC11376450 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noae090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high fatality rate of glioblastoma (GBM) is attributed to glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), which exhibit heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance. Metabolic plasticity of mitochondria is the hallmark of GSCs. Targeting mitochondrial biogenesis of GSCs is crucial for improving clinical prognosis in GBM patients. METHODS SMYD2-induced PGC1α methylation and followed nuclear export are confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation, cellular fractionation, and immunofluorescence. The effects of SMYD2/PGC1α/CRM1 axis on GSCs mitochondrial biogenesis are validated by oxygen consumption rate, ECAR, and intracranial glioma model. RESULTS PGC1α methylation causes the disabled mitochondrial function to maintain the stemness, thereby enhancing the radio-resistance of GSCs. SMYD2 drives PGC1α K224 methylation (K224me), which is essential for promoting the stem-like characteristics of GSCs. PGC1α K224me is preferred binding with CRM1, accelerating PGC1α nuclear export and subsequent dysfunction. Targeting PGC1α methylation exhibits significant radiotherapeutic efficacy and prolongs patient survival. CONCLUSIONS These findings unveil a novel regulatory pathway involving mitochondria that govern stemness in GSCs, thereby emphasizing promising therapeutic strategies targeting PGC1α and mitochondria for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdie Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liuguijie He
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Antibody Techniques, Department of Cell Biology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiefeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianxing Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuxing Wang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Antibody Techniques, Department of Cell Biology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongping You
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Qian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Ge
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention, and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhumei Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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3
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Canela-Pérez I, Azuara-Liceaga E, Cuéllar P, Saucedo-Cárdenas O, Valdés J. Multiple types of nuclear localization signals in Entamoeba histolytica. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 39:101770. [PMID: 39055170 PMCID: PMC11269297 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan parasite that belongs to the Amoebozoa supergroup whose study related to the nucleocytoplasmic transport of proteins through the nucleus is poorly studied. In this work, we have performed in silico predictions of the potential nuclear localization signals (NLS) corresponding to the proteome of 8201 proteins from Entamoeba histolytica annotated in the AmoebaDB database. We have found the presence of monopartite nuclear localization signals (MNLSs), bipartite nuclear localization signals (BNLSs), and non-canonical monopartite NLSs with lengths exceeding 20 amino acid residues. Additionally, we detected a new type of NLS consisting of multiple juxtaposed bipartite NLSs (JNLSs) that have not been described in any eukaryotic organism. Also, we have generated consensus sequences for the nuclear import of proteins with the NLSs obtained. Docking experiments between EhImportin α and an MNLS, BNLS, and JNLS outlined the interacting residues between the Importin and cargo proteins, emphasizing their putative roles in nuclear import. By transfecting HA-tagged protein constructs, we assessed the nuclear localization of MNLS (U1A and U2AF1), JMNLS (U2AF2), and non-canonical NLS (N-terminus of Pol ll) in vivo. Our data provide the basis for understanding the nuclear transport process in E. histolytica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Canela-Pérez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, CINVESTAV-México, Av. IPN 2508 colonia San Pedro Zacatenco, GAM, CDMX, 07360, Mexico
| | - Elisa Azuara-Liceaga
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Mexico City, 03100, Mexico
| | - Patricia Cuéllar
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Mexico City, 03100, Mexico
| | - Odila Saucedo-Cárdenas
- Departamento de Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, 67700, Mexico
| | - Jesús Valdés
- Departamento de Bioquímica, CINVESTAV-México, Av. IPN 2508 colonia San Pedro Zacatenco, GAM, CDMX, 07360, Mexico
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Liu R, Liu Z, Chen M, Xing H, Zhang P, Zhang J. Cooperatively designed aptamer-PROTACs for spatioselective degradation of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein for enhanced combinational therapy. Chem Sci 2023; 15:134-145. [PMID: 38131089 PMCID: PMC10732009 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04249a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling proteins (NSPs) have emerged as a promising class of therapeutic targets for many diseases. However, most NSPs-based therapies largely rely on small-molecule inhibitors with limited efficacy and off-target effects. Inspired by proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, we report a new archetype of PROTAC (PS-ApTCs) by introducing a phosphorothioate-modified aptamer to a CRBN ligand, realizing tumor-targeting and spatioselective degradation of NSPs with improved efficacy. Using nucleolin as a model, we demonstrate that PS-ApTCs is capable of effectively degrading nucleolin in the target cell membrane and cytoplasm but not in the nucleus, through the disruption of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. Moreover, PS-ApTCs exhibits superior antiproliferation, pro-apoptotic, and cell cycle arrest potencies. Importantly, we demonstrate that a combination of PS-ApTCs-mediated nucleolin degradation with aptamer-drug conjugate-based chemotherapy enables a synergistic effect on tumor inhibition. Collectively, PS-ApTCs could expand the PROTAC toolbox to more targets in subcellular localization and accelerate the discovery of new combinational therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Zheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Mohan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Hang Xing
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University Changsha 410082 China
| | - Penghui Zhang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou 310022 China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
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Younas N, Saleem T, Younas A, Zerr I. Nuclear face of Tau: an inside player in neurodegeneration. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:196. [PMID: 38087392 PMCID: PMC10714511 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01702-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tau (Tubulin associated unit) protein is a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and tauopathies. Tau is predominantly an axonal protein with a crucial role in the stabilization and dynamics of the microtubules. Since the discovery of Tau protein in 1975, research efforts were concentrated on the pathophysiological role of Tau protein in the context of the microtubules. Although, for more than three decades, different localizations of Tau protein have been discovered e.g., in the nuclear compartments. Discovery of the role of Tau protein in various cellular compartments especially in the nucleus opens up a new fold of complexity in tauopathies. Data from cellular models, animal models, and the human brain indicate that nuclear Tau is crucial for genome stability and to cope with cellular distress. Moreover, it's nature of nuclear translocation, its interactions with the nuclear DNA/RNA and proteins suggest it could play multiple roles in the nucleus. To comprehend Tau pathophysiology and efficient Tau-based therapies, there is an urgent need to understand whole repertoire of Tau species (nuclear and cytoplasmic) and their functional relevance. To complete the map of Tau repertoire, understanding of various species of Tau in the nucleus and cytoplasm, identification if specific transcripts of Tau, isoforms and post-translational modifications could foretell Tau's localizations and functions, and how they are modified in neurodegenerative diseases like AD, is urgently required. In this review, we explore the nuclear face of Tau protein, its nuclear localizations and functions and its linkage with Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Younas
- University Medical Center Göttingen, National Reference Center for Surveillance of TSE, Department of Neurology, Robert-Koch strasse 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, 37075, Germany.
| | - Tayyaba Saleem
- University Medical Center Göttingen, National Reference Center for Surveillance of TSE, Department of Neurology, Robert-Koch strasse 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, 37075, Germany
| | - Abrar Younas
- University Medical Center Göttingen, National Reference Center for Surveillance of TSE, Department of Neurology, Robert-Koch strasse 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, 37075, Germany
| | - Inga Zerr
- University Medical Center Göttingen, National Reference Center for Surveillance of TSE, Department of Neurology, Robert-Koch strasse 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, 37075, Germany
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6
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Chen G, Xu D, Liu Q, Yue Z, Dai B, Pan S, Chen Y, Feng X, Hu H. Regulation of FLC nuclear import by coordinated action of the NUP62-subcomplex and importin β SAD2. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:2086-2106. [PMID: 37278318 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Flowering locus C (FLC) is a central transcriptional repressor that controls flowering time. However, how FLC is imported into the nucleus is unknown. Here, we report that Arabidopsis nucleoporins 62 (NUP62), NUP58, and NUP54 composed NUP62-subcomplex modulates FLC nuclear import during floral transition in an importin α-independent manner, via direct interaction. NUP62 recruits FLC to the cytoplasmic filaments and imports it into the nucleus through the NUP62-subcomplex composed central channel. Importin β supersensitive to ABA and drought 2 (SAD2), a carrier protein, is critical for FLC nuclear import and flower transition, which facilitates FLC import into the nucleus mainly through the NUP62-subcomplex. Proteomics, RNA-seq, and cell biological analyses indicate that the NUP62-subcomplex mainly mediates the nuclear import of cargos with unconventional nuclear localization sequences (NLSs), such as FLC. Our findings illustrate the mechanisms of the NUP62-subcomplex and SAD2 on FLC nuclear import process and floral transition, and provide insights into the role of NUP62-subcomplex and SAD2 in protein nucleocytoplasmic transport in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Danyun Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qing Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhichuang Yue
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Biao Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shujuan Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yongqiang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xinhua Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Honghong Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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7
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Ozugergin I, Piekny A. Diversity is the spice of life: An overview of how cytokinesis regulation varies with cell type. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1007614. [PMID: 36420142 PMCID: PMC9676254 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1007614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis is required to physically cleave a cell into two daughters at the end of mitosis. Decades of research have led to a comprehensive understanding of the core cytokinesis machinery and how it is regulated in animal cells, however this knowledge was generated using single cells cultured in vitro, or in early embryos before tissues develop. This raises the question of how cytokinesis is regulated in diverse animal cell types and developmental contexts. Recent studies of distinct cell types in the same organism or in similar cell types from different organisms have revealed striking differences in how cytokinesis is regulated, which includes different threshold requirements for the structural components and the mechanisms that regulate them. In this review, we highlight these differences with an emphasis on pathways that are independent of the mitotic spindle, and operate through signals associated with the cortex, kinetochores, or chromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imge Ozugergin
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alisa Piekny
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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8
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Husser MC, Ozugergin I, Resta T, Martin VJJ, Piekny AJ. Cytokinetic diversity in mammalian cells is revealed by the characterization of endogenous anillin, Ect2 and RhoA. Open Biol 2022; 12:220247. [PMID: 36416720 PMCID: PMC9683116 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis is required to physically separate the daughter cells at the end of mitosis. This crucial process requires the assembly and ingression of an actomyosin ring, which must occur with high fidelity to avoid aneuploidy and cell fate changes. Most of our knowledge of mammalian cytokinesis was generated using over-expressed transgenes in HeLa cells. Over-expression can introduce artefacts, while HeLa are cancerous human cells that have lost their epithelial identity, and the mechanisms controlling cytokinesis in these cells could be vastly different from other cell types. Here, we tagged endogenous anillin, Ect2 and RhoA with mNeonGreen and characterized their localization during cytokinesis for the first time in live human cells. Comparing anillin localization in multiple cell types revealed cytokinetic diversity with differences in the duration and symmetry of ring closure, and the timing of cortical recruitment. Our findings show that the breadth of anillin correlates with the rate of ring closure, and support models where cell size or ploidy affects the cortical organization, and intrinsic mechanisms control the symmetry of ring closure. This work highlights the need to study cytokinesis in more diverse cell types, which will be facilitated by the reagents generated for this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Imge Ozugergin
- Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tiziana Resta
- Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vincent J. J. Martin
- Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Center for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alisa J. Piekny
- Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Center for Applied Synthetic Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Center for Microscopy and Cellular Imaging, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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9
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Hwang WY, Kostiuk V, González DP, Lusk CP, Khokha MK. Kap-β2/Transportin mediates β-catenin nuclear transport in Wnt signaling. eLife 2022; 11:e70495. [PMID: 36300792 PMCID: PMC9665845 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is essential for many aspects of embryonic development including the formation of the primary embryonic axis. In addition, excessive Wnt signaling drives multiple diseases including cancer, highlighting its importance for disease pathogenesis. β-catenin is a key effector in this pathway that translocates into the nucleus and activates Wnt responsive genes. However, due to our lack of understanding of β-catenin nuclear transport, therapeutic modulation of Wnt signaling has been challenging. Here, we took an unconventional approach to address this long-standing question by exploiting a heterologous model system, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which contains a conserved nuclear transport machinery. In contrast to prior work, we demonstrate that β-catenin accumulates in the nucleus in a Ran-dependent manner, suggesting the use of a nuclear transport receptor (NTR). Indeed, a systematic and conditional inhibition of NTRs revealed that only Kap104, the ortholog of Kap-β2/Transportin-1 (TNPO1), was required for β-catenin nuclear import. We further demonstrate direct binding between TNPO1 and β-catenin that is mediated by a conserved PY-NLS. Finally, using Xenopus secondary axis and TCF/LEF (T Cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor family) reporter assays, we demonstrate that our results in yeast can be directly translated to vertebrates. By elucidating the nuclear localization signal in β-catenin and its cognate NTR, our study suggests new therapeutic targets for a host of human diseases caused by excessive Wnt signaling. Indeed, we demonstrate that a small chimeric peptide designed to target TNPO1 can reduce Wnt signaling as a first step toward therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woong Y Hwang
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Valentyna Kostiuk
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Delfina P González
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - C Patrick Lusk
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
| | - Mustafa K Khokha
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale School of MedicineNew HavenUnited States
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10
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García-García M, Sánchez-Perales S, Jarabo P, Calvo E, Huyton T, Fu L, Ng SC, Sotodosos-Alonso L, Vázquez J, Casas-Tintó S, Görlich D, Echarri A, Del Pozo MA. Mechanical control of nuclear import by Importin-7 is regulated by its dominant cargo YAP. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1174. [PMID: 35246520 PMCID: PMC8897400 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28693-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical forces regulate multiple essential pathways in the cell. The nuclear translocation of mechanoresponsive transcriptional regulators is an essential step for mechanotransduction. However, how mechanical forces regulate the nuclear import process is not understood. Here, we identify a highly mechanoresponsive nuclear transport receptor (NTR), Importin-7 (Imp7), that drives the nuclear import of YAP, a key regulator of mechanotransduction pathways. Unexpectedly, YAP governs the mechanoresponse of Imp7 by forming a YAP/Imp7 complex that responds to mechanical cues through the Hippo kinases MST1/2. Furthermore, YAP behaves as a dominant cargo of Imp7, restricting the Imp7 binding and the nuclear translocation of other Imp7 cargoes such as Smad3 and Erk2. Thus, the nuclear import process is an additional regulatory layer indirectly regulated by mechanical cues, which activate a preferential Imp7 cargo, YAP, which competes out other cargoes, resulting in signaling crosstalk. The translation of mechanical cues into gene expression changes is dependent on the nuclear import of mechanoresponsive transcriptional regulators. Here the authors identify that Importin-7 drives the nuclear import of one such regulator YAP while YAP then controls Importin-7 response to mechanical cues and restricts Importin-7 binding to other cargoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- María García-García
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory. Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Sánchez-Perales
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory. Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Jarabo
- Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Avda. Doctor Arce, 37, 28002, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Calvo
- Proteomics Unit. Area of Vascular Physiopathology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Trevor Huyton
- Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Liran Fu
- Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sheung Chun Ng
- Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Laura Sotodosos-Alonso
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory. Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Proteomics Unit. Area of Vascular Physiopathology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Dirk Görlich
- Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Asier Echarri
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory. Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Del Pozo
- Mechanoadaptation and Caveolae Biology Laboratory. Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Calle Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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11
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Stewart M. Function of the Nuclear Transport Machinery in Maintaining the Distinctive Compositions of the Nucleus and Cytoplasm. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2578. [PMID: 35269721 PMCID: PMC8910404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the separation of transcription and translation, mediated by the nuclear envelope, is the defining characteristic of Eukaryotes, the barrier between the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments needs to be semipermeable to enable material to be moved between them. Moreover, each compartment needs to have a distinctive complement of macromolecules to mediate specific functions and so movement between them needs to be controlled. This is achieved through the selective active transport of macromolecules through the nuclear pores that stud the nuclear envelope, and which serve as a conduit between these compartments. Nuclear pores are huge cylindrical macromolecular assemblies and are constructed from the order of 30 different proteins called nucleoporins. Nuclear pores have a central transport channel that is filled with a dense network of natively unfolded portions of many different nuclear pore proteins (nucleoporins or nups). This network generates a barrier that impedes, but does not entirely prevent, the diffusion of many macromolecules through the pores. The rapid movement of a range of proteins and RNAs through the pores is mediated by a range of transport factors that bind their cargo in one compartment and release it in the other. However, although as their size increases the diffusion of macromolecules through nuclear pores is progressively impaired, additional mechanisms, including the binding of some macromolecules to immobile components of each compartment and also the active removal of macromolecules from the inappropriate compartment, are needed to fully maintain the distinctive compositions of each compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murray Stewart
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
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12
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Hayashi T, Matsushita T, Hisahara S, Iwahara N, Kuno A, Kunimoto R, Hosoda R, Tanno M, Shimohama S, Horio Y. Ubiquitin-dependent rapid degradation conceals a cell-protective function of cytoplasmic SIRT3 against oxidative stress. J Biochem 2021; 171:201-213. [PMID: 34718606 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvab119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SIRT3 is an NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase localized in mitochondria. Several studies reported localization of SIRT3 in the cytoplasm or nucleus, but data of these studies were not consistent. We detected expression of mitochondrial (SIRT3mt) and cytoplasmic (SIRT3ct) Sirt3 mRNAs in the mouse brain, and we also found SIRT3 immunostaining of mitochondria and cytoplasm in the brain and cultured neural cells. However, expression levels of SIRT3ct in COS cells transfected with SIRT3ct cDNA were much lower than those of SIRT3mt. We found that SIRT3ct but not SIRT3mt was promptly degraded by ubiquitin-dependent degradation, in which SIRT3ct degradation was mediated mainly by ubiquitination of NH2-terminal methionine and partly by that of lysine residues of SIRT3ct. SIRT3ct expression level was significantly enhanced by treatment of cells with staurosporine or H2O2. H2O2 treatment promoted nuclear translocation of SIRT3ct and induced histone H3 deacetylation and superoxide dismutase 2 expression. Overexpression of SIRT3ct decreased cell death caused by H2O2 at levels similar to those achieved by overexpression of SIRT3mt. Knockdown of Sirt3 mRNA increased cell death caused by amyloid-β (Aβ), and overexpression of SIRT3ct suppressed the toxic function of Aβ in PC12 cells. These results indicate that SIRT3ct promotes cell survival under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hayashi
- Departments of Pharmacology, Neurology and Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S 1, W 17, Chu-ouku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsushita
- Departments of Pharmacology, Neurology and Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S 1, W 17, Chu-ouku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shin Hisahara
- Department of Pharmacology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Iwahara
- Departments of Pharmacology, Neurology and Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S 1, W 17, Chu-ouku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kuno
- Departments of Pharmacology, Neurology and Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S 1, W 17, Chu-ouku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Risa Kunimoto
- Departments of Pharmacology, Neurology and Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S 1, W 17, Chu-ouku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Hosoda
- Departments of Pharmacology, Neurology and Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S 1, W 17, Chu-ouku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masaya Tanno
- Departments of Pharmacology, Neurology and Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S 1, W 17, Chu-ouku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shun Shimohama
- Department of Pharmacology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Horio
- Departments of Pharmacology, Neurology and Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S 1, W 17, Chu-ouku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
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13
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Lang YD, Jou YS. PSPC1 is a new contextual determinant of aberrant subcellular translocation of oncogenes in tumor progression. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:57. [PMID: 34340703 PMCID: PMC8327449 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00753-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling is commonly observed in cancers and emerging as a cancer hallmark for the development of anticancer therapeutic strategies. Despite its severe adverse effects, selinexor, a selective first-in-class inhibitor of the common nuclear export receptor XPO1, was developed to target nucleocytoplasmic protein shuttling and received accelerated FDA approval in 2019 in combination with dexamethasone as a fifth-line therapeutic option for adults with relapsed refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). To explore innovative targets in nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, we propose that the aberrant contextual determinants of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, such as PSPC1 (Paraspeckle component 1), TGIF1 (TGF-β Induced Factor Homeobox 1), NPM1 (Nucleophosmin), Mortalin and EBP50, that modulate shuttling (or cargo) proteins with opposite tumorigenic functions in different subcellular locations could be theranostic targets for developing anticancer strategies. For instance, PSPC1 was recently shown to be the contextual determinant of the TGF-β prometastatic switch and PTK6/β-catenin reciprocal oncogenic nucleocytoplasmic shuttling during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. The innovative nucleocytoplasmic shuttling inhibitor PSPC1 C-terminal 131 polypeptide (PSPC1-CT131), which was developed to target both the shuttling determinant PSPC1 and the shuttling protein PTK6, maintained their tumor-suppressive characteristics and exhibited synergistic effects on tumor suppression in HCC cells and mouse models. In summary, targeting the contextual determinants of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling with cargo proteins having opposite tumorigenic functions in different subcellular locations could be an innovative strategy for developing new therapeutic biomarkers and agents to improve cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaw-Dong Lang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 11529, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Shan Jou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 11529, Taipei, Taiwan.
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14
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Dowbaj AM, Jenkins RP, Williamson D, Heddleston JM, Ciccarelli A, Fallesen T, Hahn KM, O'Dea RD, King JR, Montagner M, Sahai E. An optogenetic method for interrogating YAP1 and TAZ nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs253484. [PMID: 34060624 PMCID: PMC8313864 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.253484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The shuttling of transcription factors and transcriptional regulators into and out of the nucleus is central to the regulation of many biological processes. Here we describe a new method for studying the rates of nuclear entry and exit of transcriptional regulators. A photo-responsive LOV (light-oxygen-voltage) domain from Avena sativa is used to sequester fluorescently labelled transcriptional regulators YAP1 and TAZ (also known as WWTR1) on the surface of mitochondria and to reversibly release them upon blue light illumination. After dissociation, fluorescent signals from the mitochondria, cytoplasm and nucleus are extracted by a bespoke app and used to generate rates of nuclear entry and exit. Using this method, we demonstrate that phosphorylation of YAP1 on canonical sites enhances its rate of nuclear export. Moreover, we provide evidence that, despite high intercellular variability, YAP1 import and export rates correlate within the same cell. By simultaneously releasing YAP1 and TAZ from sequestration, we show that their rates of entry and exit are correlated. Furthermore, combining the optogenetic release of YAP1 with lattice light-sheet microscopy reveals high heterogeneity of YAP1 dynamics within different cytoplasmic regions, demonstrating the utility and versatility of our tool to study protein dynamics. This article has an associated First Person interview with Anna M. Dowbaj, joint first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Dowbaj
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Robert P. Jenkins
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Daniel Williamson
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - John M. Heddleston
- Advanced Imaging Center, Janelia Research Campus, HHMI, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Alessandro Ciccarelli
- Advanced Light Microscopy, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, UK
| | - Todd Fallesen
- Advanced Light Microscopy, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, NW1 1AT, London, UK
| | - Klaus M. Hahn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - Reuben D. O'Dea
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - John R. King
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Marco Montagner
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35126 Padova, Italy
| | - Erik Sahai
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
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15
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New Insights into the Link between Melanoma and Thyroid Cancer: Role of Nucleocytoplasmic Trafficking. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020367. [PMID: 33578751 PMCID: PMC7916461 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a major public health concern, mainly because of the incompletely understood dynamics of molecular mechanisms for progression and resistance to treatments. The link between melanoma and thyroid cancer (TC) has been noted in numerous patients. Nucleocytoplasmic transport of oncogenes and tumor suppressor proteins is a common mechanism in melanoma and TC that promotes tumorigenesis and tumor aggressiveness. However, this mechanism remains poorly understood. Papillary TC (PTC) patients have a 1.8-fold higher risk for developing cutaneous malignant melanoma than healthy patients. Our group and others showed that patients with melanoma have a 2.15 to 2.3-fold increased risk of being diagnosed with PTC. The BRAF V600E mutation has been reported as a biological marker for aggressiveness and a potential genetic link between malignant melanoma and TC. The main mechanistic factor in the connection between these two cancer types is the alteration of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway activation and translocation. The mechanisms of nucleocytoplasmic trafficking associated with RAS, RAF, and Wnt signaling pathways in melanoma and TC are reviewed. In addition, we discuss the roles of tumor suppressor proteins such as p53, p27, forkhead O transcription factors (FOXO), and NF-KB within the nuclear and cytoplasmic cellular compartments and their association with tumor aggressiveness. A meticulous English-language literature analysis was performed using the PubMed Central database. Search parameters included articles published up to 2021 with keyword search terms melanoma and thyroid cancer, BRAF mutation, and nucleocytoplasmic transport in cancer.
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16
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Zhao B, Grosse R. Optogenetic Control of Myocardin-Related Transcription Factor A Subcellular Localization and Transcriptional Activity Steers Membrane Blebbing and Invasive Cancer Cell Motility. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 5:e2000208. [PMID: 34028209 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The myocardin-related transcription factor A (MRTF-A) controls the transcriptional activity of the serum response factor (SRF) in a tightly controlled actin-dependent manner. In turn, MRTF-A is crucial for many actin-dependent processes including adhesion, migration, and contractility and has emerged as a novel target for anti-tumor strategies. MRTF-A rapidly shuttles between cytoplasmic and nuclear compartment via dynamic actin interactions within its N-terminal RPEL domain. Here, optogenetics is used to spatiotemporally control MRTF-A nuclear localization by blue light using the light-oxygen-voltage-sensing domain 2-domain based system LEXY (light-inducible nuclear export system). It is found that light-regulated nuclear export of MRTF-A occurs within 10-20 min. Importantly, MRTF-A-LEXY shuttling is independent of perturbations of actin dynamics. Furthermore, light-regulation of MRTF-A-LEXY is reversible and repeatable for several cycles of illumination and its subcellular localization correlates with SRF transcriptional activity. As a consequence, optogenetic control of MRTF-A subcellular localization determines subsequent cytoskeletal dynamics such as non-apoptotic plasma membrane blebbing as well as invasive tumor-cell migration through 3D collagen matrix. This data demonstrates robust optogenetic regulation of MRTF as a powerful tool to control SRF-dependent transcription as well as cell motile behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhao
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology I, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany.,Centre for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies (CIBSS), Freiburg, 79104, Germany
| | - Robert Grosse
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology I, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79104, Germany.,Centre for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies (CIBSS), Freiburg, 79104, Germany
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17
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Bennett SL, Basko-Plluska JL, Shea CR, Bolotin D. Role of Wnt signaling in dermatofibroma induction phenomenon. J Cutan Pathol 2020; 48:217-220. [PMID: 32767564 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dermatofibroma (DF) is a common benign skin neoplasm. Induction above DF lesions, including follicular unit induction, is a frequently observed phenomenon. Wnt signaling is known to be critical in hair follicle morphogenesis. Our study assesses the role of Wnt signaling in DF induction by evaluating intracellular localization of β-catenin in various types of DF induction. METHODS Archived tissue collected between 1 October 1980 and 1 October 2013 was stained per protocol using hematoxylin and eosin and anti-β-catenin monoclonal antibody. Specimens were grouped into categories based on the presence or absence and type of induction. All specimens were scored for nuclear β-catenin localization. RESULTS Of 62 specimens, 42 (68%) showed induction while 20 (32%) showed none. Nuclear β-catenin staining was detected in 23 (55%) of the induction and in none of the no-induction specimens (P-value < 0.001). Types of induction included: 15 (24%) follicular induction, 31 (50%) acanthosis, and 4 (6%) sebaceous induction. For follicular induction, 13 (87%) showed positive nuclear β-catenin staining compared to 11 (35%) for acanthosis and 1 (25%) for sebaceous induction (P-value = 0.002). CONCLUSION Our findings support the hypothesis that DFs promote an ectopic activation of Wnt pathway signaling in follicular induction phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Lichon Bennett
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Section of Dermatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Juliana L Basko-Plluska
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Section of Dermatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Christopher R Shea
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Section of Dermatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Diana Bolotin
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Section of Dermatology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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18
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Diez L, Wegmann S. Nuclear Transport Deficits in Tau-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Neurol 2020; 11:1056. [PMID: 33101165 PMCID: PMC7546323 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.01056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tau is a cytosolic microtubule binding protein that is highly abundant in the axons of the central nervous system. However, alternative functions of tau also in other cellular compartments are suggested, for example, in the nucleus, where interactions of tau with specific nuclear entities such as DNA, the nucleolus, and the nuclear envelope have been reported. We would like to review the current knowledge about tau-nucleus interactions and lay out possible neurotoxic mechanisms that are based on the (pathological) interactions of tau with the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Diez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Wegmann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany
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19
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Barbato S, Kapinos LE, Rencurel C, Lim RYH. Karyopherin enrichment at the nuclear pore complex attenuates Ran permeability. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs238121. [PMID: 31932502 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.238121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ran is a small GTPase whose nucleotide-bound forms cycle through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) to direct nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT). Generally, Ran guanosine triphosphate (RanGTP) binds cargo-carrying karyopherin receptors (Kaps) in the nucleus and releases them into the cytoplasm following hydrolysis to Ran guanosine diphosphate (RanGDP). This generates a remarkably steep Ran gradient across the nuclear envelope that sustains compartment-specific cargo delivery and accumulation. However, because NPCs are permeable to small molecules of comparable size, it is unclear how an uncontrolled mixing of RanGTP and RanGDP is prevented. Here, we find that an NPC-enriched pool of karyopherin subunit beta 1 (KPNB1, hereafter referred to as Kapβ1) selectively mediates Ran diffusion across the pore but not passive molecules of similar size (e.g. GFP). This is due to RanGTP having a stronger binding interaction with Kapβ1 than RanGDP. For this reason, the RanGDP importer, nuclear transport factor 2, facilitates the return of RanGDP into the nucleus following GTP hydrolysis. Accordingly, the enrichment of Kapβ1 at NPCs may function as a retention mechanism that preserves the sharp transition of RanGTP and RanGDP in the nucleus and cytoplasm, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suncica Barbato
- Biozentrum & The Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Larisa E Kapinos
- Biozentrum & The Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Rencurel
- Biozentrum & The Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roderick Y H Lim
- Biozentrum & The Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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20
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Abstract
The Ran pathway has a well-described function in nucleocytoplasmic transport, where active Ran dissociates importin/karyopherin-bound cargo containing a nuclear localization signal (NLS) in the nucleus. As cells enter mitosis, the nuclear envelope breaks down and a gradient of active Ran forms where levels are highest near chromatin. This gradient plays a crucial role in regulating mitotic spindle assembly, where active Ran binds to and releases importins from NLS-containing spindle assembly factors. An emerging theme is that the Ran gradient also regulates the actomyosin cortex for processes including polar body extrusion during meiosis, and cytokinesis. For these events, active Ran could play an inhibitory role, where importin-binding may help promote or stabilize a conformation or interaction that favours the recruitment and function of cortical regulators. For either spindle assembly or cortical polarity, the gradient of active Ran determines the extent of importin-binding, the effects of which could vary for different proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imge Ozugergin
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alisa Piekny
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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21
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Beyond Kinase Activity: ERK5 Nucleo-Cytoplasmic Shuttling as a Novel Target for Anticancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030938. [PMID: 32023850 PMCID: PMC7038028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in human pathology is underlined by the relevance of abnormalities of MAPK-related signaling pathways to a number of different diseases, including inflammatory disorders and cancer. One of the key events in MAPK signaling, especially with respect to pro-proliferative effects that are crucial for the onset and progression of cancer, is MAPK nuclear translocation and its role in the regulation of gene expression. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) is the most recently discovered classical MAPK and it is emerging as a possible target for cancer treatment. The bigger size of ERK5 when compared to other MAPK enables multiple levels of regulation of its expression and activity. In particular, the phosphorylation of kinase domain and C-terminus, as well as post-translational modifications and chaperone binding, are involved in ERK5 regulation. Likewise, different mechanisms control ERK5 nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling, underscoring the key role of ERK5 in the nuclear compartment. In this review, we will focus on the mechanisms involved in ERK5 trafficking between cytoplasm and nucleus, and discuss how these processes might be exploited to design new strategies for cancer treatment.
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22
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Oikawa M, Sugeno Y, Tukada H, Takasaki Y, Takamizawa S, Irie R. Four Stereoisomers of 2-Aminomethyl-1-cyclopropanecarboxylic Acid: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Oikawa
- Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0027, Japan
| | - Yuka Sugeno
- Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0027, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Tukada
- Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0027, Japan
| | - Yuichi Takasaki
- Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0027, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takamizawa
- Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0027, Japan
| | - Raku Irie
- Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0027, Japan
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23
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Pereira JM, Chevalier C, Chaze T, Gianetto Q, Impens F, Matondo M, Cossart P, Hamon MA. Infection Reveals a Modification of SIRT2 Critical for Chromatin Association. Cell Rep 2019; 23:1124-1137. [PMID: 29694890 PMCID: PMC5946459 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 2 is a nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase that regulates cell processes such as carcinogenesis, cell cycle, DNA damage, and infection. Subcellular localization of SIRT2 is crucial for its function but is poorly understood. Infection with the bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, which relocalizes SIRT2 from the cytoplasm to the chromatin, provides an ideal stimulus for the molecular study of this process. In this report, we provide a map of SIRT2 post-translational modification sites and focus on serine 25 phosphorylation. We show that infection specifically induces dephosphorylation of S25, an event essential for SIRT2 chromatin association. Furthermore, we identify a nuclear complex formed by the phosphatases PPM1A and PPM1B, with SIRT2 essential for controlling H3K18 deacetylation and SIRT2-mediated gene repression during infection and necessary for a productive Listeria infection. This study reveals a molecular mechanism regulating SIRT2 function and localization, paving the way for understanding other SIRT2-regulated cellular processes. Infection induces modification of the host deacetylase SIRT2 to target it to chromatin Dephosphorylation of serine 25 on SIRT2 controls its subcellular localization PPM1A and PPM1B form a nuclear complex to dephosphorylate serine 25 The phosphorylation state of serine 25 is crucial for Listeria infection
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge M Pereira
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U604, Paris, France; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, USC2020, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Chromatine et Infection G5, Paris, France
| | | | - Thibault Chaze
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Spectrométrie de Masse Structurale et Protéomique, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Gianetto
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Spectrométrie de Masse Structurale et Protéomique, Paris, France
| | - Francis Impens
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U604, Paris, France; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, USC2020, Paris, France; Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mariette Matondo
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Spectrométrie de Masse Structurale et Protéomique, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Cossart
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U604, Paris, France; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, USC2020, Paris, France.
| | - Mélanie A Hamon
- Institut Pasteur, Chromatine et Infection G5, Paris, France.
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24
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Chen H, Moreno-Moral A, Pesce F, Devapragash N, Mancini M, Heng EL, Rotival M, Srivastava PK, Harmston N, Shkura K, Rackham OJL, Yu WP, Sun XM, Tee NGZ, Tan ELS, Barton PJR, Felkin LE, Lara-Pezzi E, Angelini G, Beltrami C, Pravenec M, Schafer S, Bottolo L, Hubner N, Emanueli C, Cook SA, Petretto E. WWP2 regulates pathological cardiac fibrosis by modulating SMAD2 signaling. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3616. [PMID: 31399586 PMCID: PMC6689010 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11551-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a final common pathology in inherited and acquired heart diseases that causes cardiac electrical and pump failure. Here, we use systems genetics to identify a pro-fibrotic gene network in the diseased heart and show that this network is regulated by the E3 ubiquitin ligase WWP2, specifically by the WWP2-N terminal isoform. Importantly, the WWP2-regulated pro-fibrotic gene network is conserved across different cardiac diseases characterized by fibrosis: human and murine dilated cardiomyopathy and repaired tetralogy of Fallot. Transgenic mice lacking the N-terminal region of the WWP2 protein show improved cardiac function and reduced myocardial fibrosis in response to pressure overload or myocardial infarction. In primary cardiac fibroblasts, WWP2 positively regulates the expression of pro-fibrotic markers and extracellular matrix genes. TGFβ1 stimulation promotes nuclear translocation of the WWP2 isoforms containing the N-terminal region and their interaction with SMAD2. WWP2 mediates the TGFβ1-induced nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and transcriptional activity of SMAD2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Chen
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Republic of Singapore
| | - Aida Moreno-Moral
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Republic of Singapore
| | - Francesco Pesce
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Nithya Devapragash
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Republic of Singapore
| | - Massimiliano Mancini
- SOC di Anatomia Patologica, Ospedale San Giovanni di Dio, 50123, Florence, Italy
| | - Ee Ling Heng
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Maxime Rotival
- Unit of Human Evolutionary Genetics, Institute Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Prashant K Srivastava
- Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Nathan Harmston
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Republic of Singapore
| | - Kirill Shkura
- Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Owen J L Rackham
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wei-Ping Yu
- Animal Gene Editing Laboratory, BRC, A*STAR20 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138668, Republic of Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xi-Ming Sun
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMC), Imperial College, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | | | - Elisabeth Li Sa Tan
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Republic of Singapore
| | - Paul J R Barton
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Leanne E Felkin
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Enrique Lara-Pezzi
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares - CNIC, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gianni Angelini
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS2 89HW, UK
| | - Cristina Beltrami
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Michal Pravenec
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 00, Praha 4, Czech Republic
| | - Sebastian Schafer
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Republic of Singapore
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Leonardo Bottolo
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- The Alan Turing Institute, London, NW1 2DB, UK
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - Norbert Hubner
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 13347, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10178, Berlin, Germany
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Stuart A Cook
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Republic of Singapore
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMC), Imperial College, London, W12 0NN, UK
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Republic of Singapore.
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMC), Imperial College, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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25
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Zi Z. Molecular Engineering of the TGF-β Signaling Pathway. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:2644-2654. [PMID: 31121181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is an important growth factor that plays essential roles in regulating tissue development and homeostasis. Dysfunction of TGF-β signaling is a hallmark of many human diseases. Therefore, targeting TGF-β signaling presents broad therapeutic potential. Since the discovery of the TGF-β ligand, a collection of engineered signaling proteins have been developed to probe and manipulate TGF-β signaling responses. In this review, we highlight recent progress in the engineering of TGF-β signaling for different applications and discuss how molecular engineering approaches can advance our understanding of this important pathway. In addition, we provide a future outlook on the opportunities and challenges in the engineering of the TGF-β signaling pathway from a quantitative perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhike Zi
- Otto-Warburg Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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26
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Sun L, Bian K. The Nuclear Export and Ubiquitin-Proteasome-Dependent Degradation of PPARγ Induced By Angiotensin II. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1215-1224. [PMID: 31223281 PMCID: PMC6567814 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.29741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence has documented local angiotensin II (Ang II) as a pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory molecule contributes to progressive deterioration of organ function in diseases. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a ligand-activated transcription factor, plays crucial roles in protection against oxidative stress and inflammation. Ang II stimulation decreases PPARγ protein in multiple types of cells, while the regulatory role of Ang II on PPARγ is not clear. Here we show that Ang II down-regulated PPARγ in ECV304 cells through 2 actions, inducing nuclear export and loss of protein. The nuclear export of PPARγ occurred transiently in the early phase, while the reduction in PPARγ protein happened in the later phase and was more persistent. Both alterations in PPARγ were accompanied by the decrease in PPARγ-DNA binding activity. Reduction of PPARγ protein levels was also coupled with the inhibition of PPARγ target genes. In addition, activation of PPARγ by its ligand troglitazone could completely counteract both 2 actions of Ang II on PPARγ. Further studies demonstrated that the decline of PPARγ protein was in association with ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent degradation, which was supported by the increase in polyubiquitin-PPARγ conjugates and the inhibitory effect of lactacystin, a specific proteasome inhibitor, on the loss of PPARγ. Taken together, this study uncovers a novel means by which Ang II down-regulates PPARγ. This down-regulation disrupts nuclear PPARγ function, which may lead to the loss of beneficial effects of PPARγ in response to Ang II stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital; Tianjin Neurological Institute; Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, 300052, PR China.,Murad Research Institute for Modernized Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Ka Bian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University, Ross Hall 2300 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC 20037, USA
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27
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Hodge G, Hodge S. Therapeutic Targeting Steroid Resistant Pro-Inflammatory NK and NKT-Like Cells in Chronic Inflammatory Lung Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061511. [PMID: 30917554 PMCID: PMC6471110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system drives the initiation of inflammation and progression to chronic inflammation in two important chronic inflammatory lung diseases involving the small airways, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), following lung transplantation. Recently natural killer T cell like (NKT-like) cells, which represent a bridge between the innate and adaptive immune response as well as the innate natural killer cell (NK) cells, have been shown to be important cells in these two chronic lung diseases. Importantly these cells have been shown to be resistant to commonly used anti-inflammatory drugs such as glucocorticoids and as such their inflammatory nature has been difficult to suppress. Mechanisms leading to steroid resistance in both diseases has recently been shown. Glucocorticoids switch off inflammatory genes by first entering the cell and binding to glucocorticoid receptors (GCRs). The steroid-GCR complex must then be chaperoned into the nucleus via several heat shock proteins, where they engage histone deacetylase 2 to switch off pro-inflammatory gene transcription. Many of these mechanisms are altered in NK and NKT-like cells in COPD and BOS requiring novel intervention using combinations of currently available drugs. Evidence will be presented to show how these drugs can overcome these mechanisms of drug resistance ex vivo advising novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment these two important chronic inflammatory lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Hodge
- Lung Research Unit, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide 5001, Australia.
- Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5001, Australia.
| | - Sandra Hodge
- Lung Research Unit, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide 5001, Australia.
- Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5001, Australia.
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28
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Kassianidou E, Kalita J, Lim RYH. The role of nucleocytoplasmic transport in mechanotransduction. Exp Cell Res 2019; 377:86-93. [PMID: 30768931 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cells integrate mechanical and biochemical signals via a process called mechanotransduction to generate essential gene expression patterns in space and time. This is vital for cell migration and proliferation as well as tissue morphogenesis and remodeling. While the force-sensing and force-transducing mechanisms are generally known, it remains unclear how mechanoresponsive transcription factors (TFs) are selectively translocated into the nucleus upon force activation. Such TFs include Yes-Associated Protein (YAP), Myocardin Related Transcription Factors (MRTFs), Hypoxia Induced Factors (HIFs) and others. Here, we discuss how the nucleocytoplasmic transport machinery intersects with mechanoresponsive TFs to facilitate their selective transport through nuclear pore complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kassianidou
- Biozentrum and the Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joanna Kalita
- Biozentrum and the Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roderick Y H Lim
- Biozentrum and the Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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29
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Flores K, Yadav SS, Katz AA, Seger R. The Nuclear Translocation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases: Molecular Mechanisms and Use as Novel Therapeutic Target. Neuroendocrinology 2019; 108:121-131. [PMID: 30261516 DOI: 10.1159/000494085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are central signaling pathways that play a central role in the regulation of most stimulated cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, stress response and apoptosis. Currently 4 such cascades are known, each termed by its downstream MAPK components: the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), cJun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 and ERK5. One of the hallmarks of these cascades is the stimulated nuclear translocation of their MAPK components using distinct mechanisms. ERK1/2 are shuttled into the nucleus by importin7, JNK and p38 by a dimer of importin3 with either importin9 or importin7, and ERK5 by importin-α/β. Dysregulation of these cascades often results in diseases, including cancer and inflammation, as well as developmental and neurological disorders. Much effort has been invested over the years in developing inhibitors to the MAPK cascades to combat these diseases. Although some inhibitors are already in clinical use or clinical trials, their effects are hampered by development of resistance or adverse side-effects. Recently, our group developed 2 myristoylated peptides: EPE peptide, which inhibits the interaction of ERK1/2 with importin7, and PERY peptide, which prevents JNK/p38 interaction with either importin7 or importin9. These peptides block the nuclear translocation of their corresponding kinases, resulting in prevention of several cancers, while the PERY peptide also inhibits inflammation-induced diseases. These peptides provide a proof of concept for the use of the nuclear translocation of MAPKs as therapeutic targets for cancer and/or inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Flores
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Suresh Singh Yadav
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Arieh A Katz
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rony Seger
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot,
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30
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Goglia AG, Toettcher JE. A bright future: optogenetics to dissect the spatiotemporal control of cell behavior. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2018; 48:106-113. [PMID: 30529586 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cells sense, process, and respond to extracellular information using signaling networks: collections of proteins that act as precise biochemical sensors. These protein networks are characterized by both complex temporal organization, such as pulses of signaling activity, and by complex spatial organization, where proteins assemble structures at particular locations and times within the cell. Yet despite their ubiquity, studying these spatial and temporal properties has remained challenging because they emerge from the entire protein network rather than a single node, and cannot be easily tuned by drugs or mutations. These challenges are being met by a new generation of optogenetic tools capable of directly controlling the activity of individual signaling nodes over time and the assembly of protein complexes in space. Here, we outline how these recent innovations are being used in conjunction with engineering-influenced experimental design to address longstanding questions in signaling biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Goglia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, United States
| | - Jared E Toettcher
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, United States.
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31
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Molenaar C, Weeks KL. Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling: The ins and outs of quantitative imaging. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 45:1087-1094. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kate L Weeks
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute; Melbourne Victoria Australia
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32
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Abstract
One challenge in biology is to make sense of the complexity of biological networks. A good system to approach this is signaling pathways, whose well-characterized molecular details allow us to relate the internal processes of each pathway to their input-output behavior. In this study, we analyzed mathematical models of three metazoan signaling pathways: the canonical Wnt, MAPK/ERK, and Tgfβ pathways. We find an unexpected convergence: the three pathways behave in some physiological contexts as linear signal transmitters. Testing the results experimentally, we present direct measurements of linear input-output behavior in the Wnt and ERK pathways. Analytics from each model further reveal that linearity arises through different means in each pathway, which we tested experimentally in the Wnt and ERK pathways. Linearity is a desired property in engineering where it facilitates fidelity and superposition in signal transmission. Our findings illustrate how cells tune different complex networks to converge on the same behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Nunns
- Division of Biology and Biological EngineeringCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaUnited States
| | - Lea Goentoro
- Division of Biology and Biological EngineeringCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaUnited States
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33
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Dangwal M, Das S. Identification and Analysis of OVATE Family Members from Genome of the Early Land Plants Provide Insights into Evolutionary History of OFP Family and Function. J Mol Evol 2018; 86:511-530. [PMID: 30206666 DOI: 10.1007/s00239-018-9863-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Mosses, liverworts, hornworts and lycophytes represent transition stages between the aquatic to terrestrial/land plants. Several morphological and adaptive novelties driven by genomic components including emergence and expansion of new or existing gene families have played a critical role during and after the transition, and contributed towards successful colonization of terrestrial ecosystems. It is crucial to decipher the evolutionary transitions and natural selection on the gene structure and function to understand the emergence of phenotypic and adaptive diversity. Plants at the "transition zone", between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem, are also the most vulnerable because of climate change and may contain clues for successful mitigation of the challenges of climate change. Identification and comparative analyses of such genetic elements and gene families are few in mosses, liverworts, hornworts and lycophytes. Ovate family proteins (OFPs) are plant-specific transcriptional repressors and are acknowledged for their roles in important growth and developmental processes in land plants, and information about the functional aspects of OFPs in early land plants is fragmentary. As a first step towards addressing this gap, a comprehensive in silico analysis was carried out utilizing publicly available genome sequences of Marchantia polymorpha (Mp), Physcomitrella patens (Pp), Selaginella moellendorffii (Sm) and Sphagnum fallax (Sf). Our analysis led to the identification of 4 MpOFPs, 19 PpOFPs, 6 SmOFPs and 3 SfOFPs. Cross-genera analysis revealed a drastic change in the structure and physiochemical properties in OFPs suggesting functional diversification and genomic plasticity during the evolutionary course. Knowledge gained from this comparative analysis will form the framework towards deciphering and dissection of their developmental and adaptive role/s in early land plants and could provide insights into evolutionary strategies adapted by land plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandip Das
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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34
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Napolitano G, Esposito A, Choi H, Matarese M, Benedetti V, Di Malta C, Monfregola J, Medina DL, Lippincott-Schwartz J, Ballabio A. mTOR-dependent phosphorylation controls TFEB nuclear export. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3312. [PMID: 30120233 PMCID: PMC6098152 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05862-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
During starvation the transcriptional activation of catabolic processes is induced by the nuclear translocation and consequent activation of transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master modulator of autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis. However, how TFEB is inactivated upon nutrient refeeding is currently unknown. Here we show that TFEB subcellular localization is dynamically controlled by its continuous shuttling between the cytosol and the nucleus, with the nuclear export representing a limiting step. TFEB nuclear export is mediated by CRM1 and is modulated by nutrient availability via mTOR-dependent hierarchical multisite phosphorylation of serines S142 and S138, which are localized in proximity of a nuclear export signal (NES). Our data on TFEB nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling suggest an unpredicted role of mTOR in nuclear export.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Napolitano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational Science, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Esposito
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Heejun Choi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, 20147, USA
| | - Maria Matarese
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Valerio Benedetti
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Di Malta
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Jlenia Monfregola
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Diego Luis Medina
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, 20147, USA
- National Institute of Child Health and Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Medical and Translational Science, Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics and Neurological Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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35
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Ege N, Dowbaj AM, Jiang M, Howell M, Hooper S, Foster C, Jenkins RP, Sahai E. Quantitative Analysis Reveals that Actin and Src-Family Kinases Regulate Nuclear YAP1 and Its Export. Cell Syst 2018; 6:692-708.e13. [PMID: 29909276 PMCID: PMC6035388 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The transcriptional regulator YAP1 is critical for the pathological activation of fibroblasts. In normal fibroblasts, YAP1 is located in the cytoplasm, while in activated cancer-associated fibroblasts, it is nuclear and promotes the expression of genes required for pro-tumorigenic functions. Here, we investigate the dynamics of YAP1 shuttling in normal and activated fibroblasts, using EYFP-YAP1, quantitative photobleaching methods, and mathematical modeling. Imaging of migrating fibroblasts reveals the tight temporal coupling of cell shape change and altered YAP1 localization. Both 14-3-3 and TEAD binding modulate YAP1 shuttling, but neither affects nuclear import. Instead, we find that YAP1 nuclear accumulation in activated fibroblasts results from Src and actomyosin-dependent suppression of phosphorylated YAP1 export. Finally, we show that nuclear-constrained YAP1, upon XPO1 depletion, remains sensitive to blockade of actomyosin function. Together, these data place nuclear export at the center of YAP1 regulation and indicate that the cytoskeleton can regulate YAP1 within the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nil Ege
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK; Cell and Developmental Biology Department, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Anna M Dowbaj
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Ming Jiang
- High Throughput Screening, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Michael Howell
- High Throughput Screening, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Steven Hooper
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Charles Foster
- Transcription Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Robert P Jenkins
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.
| | - Erik Sahai
- Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.
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36
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The Cellular p53 Inhibitor MDM2 and the Growth Factor Receptor FLT3 as Biomarkers for Treatment Responses to the MDM2-Inhibitor Idasanutlin and the MEK1 Inhibitor Cobimetinib in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10060170. [PMID: 29857559 PMCID: PMC6025168 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10060170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor protein p53 is inactivated in a large variety of cancer cells. Cellular p53 inhibitors like the mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) commonly suppress the p53 function in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Moreover, fms like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) growth factor signaling pathways including the mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) cascade (RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK) are highly active in AML cells. Consequently, the combined administration of MDM2 and MEK inhibitors may present a promising anti-leukemic treatment strategy. Here we assessed the MDM2 antagonist idasanutlin and the MEK1 inhibitor cobimetinib as single agents and in combination in a variety of AML cell lines and primary AML blast cells for their ability to induce apoptosis and cell death. AML cell lines and blast cells comprised all major AML subtypes based on the mutational status of TP53, FLT3 and NPM1 genes. We observed a considerably varying anti-leukemic efficacy of idasanutlin and cobimetinib. AML cells with high sensitivity to the single compounds as well as to the combined treatment emerged with normal karyotype, wild-type TP53 and elevated FLT3 and MDM2 protein levels. Our data indicate that AML cells with normal karyotype (NK) and wild-type status of TP53 with elevated FLT3 and MDM2 expression emerge to be most sensitive to the combined treatment with cobimetinib and idasanutlin. FLT3 and MDM2 are biomarkers for treatment response to idasanutlin and cobimetinib in AML.
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Puertollano R, Ferguson SM, Brugarolas J, Ballabio A. The complex relationship between TFEB transcription factor phosphorylation and subcellular localization. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201798804. [PMID: 29764979 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201798804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The MiT-TFE family of basic helix-loop-helix leucine-zipper transcription factors includes four members: TFEB, TFE3, TFEC, and MITF Originally described as oncogenes, these factors play a major role as regulators of lysosome biogenesis, cellular energy homeostasis, and autophagy. An important mechanism by which these transcription factors are regulated involves their shuttling between the surface of lysosomes, the cytoplasm, and the nucleus. Such dynamic changes in subcellular localization occur in response to nutrient fluctuations and various forms of cell stress and are mediated by changes in the phosphorylation of multiple conserved amino acids. Major kinases responsible for MiT-TFE protein phosphorylation include mTOR, ERK, GSK3, and AKT In addition, calcineurin de-phosphorylates MiT-TFE proteins in response to lysosomal calcium release. Thus, through changes in the phosphorylation state of MiT-TFE proteins, lysosome function is coordinated with the cellular metabolic state and cellular demands. This review summarizes the evidence supporting MiT-TFE regulation by phosphorylation at multiple key sites. Elucidation of such regulatory mechanisms is of fundamental importance to understand how these transcription factors contribute to both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Puertollano
- Cell Biology and Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shawn M Ferguson
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA .,Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - James Brugarolas
- Kidney Cancer Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA .,Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli (Naples), Italy .,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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Importin-β Directly Regulates the Motor Activity and Turnover of a Kinesin-4. Dev Cell 2018; 44:642-651.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Liu GT, Kung HN, Chen CK, Huang C, Wang YL, Yu CP, Lee CP. Improving nuclear envelope dynamics by EBV BFRF1 facilitates intranuclear component clearance through autophagy. FASEB J 2018; 32:3968-3983. [PMID: 29481305 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701253r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Although a vesicular nucleocytoplasmic transport system is believed to exist in eukaryotic cells, the features of this pathway are mostly unknown. Here, we report that the BFRF1 protein of the Epstein-Barr virus improves vesicular transport of nuclear envelope (NE) to facilitate the translocation and clearance of nuclear components. BFRF1 expression induces vesicles that selectively transport nuclear components to the cytoplasm. With the use of aggregation-prone proteins as tools, we found that aggregated nuclear proteins are dispersed when these BFRF1-induced vesicles are formed. BFRF1-containing vesicles engulf the NE-associated aggregates, exit through from the NE, and putatively fuse with autophagic vacuoles. Chemical treatment and genetic ablation of autophagy-related factors indicate that autophagosome formation and autophagy-linked FYVE protein-mediated autophagic proteolysis are involved in this selective clearance of nuclear proteins. Remarkably, vesicular transport, elicited by BFRF1, also attenuated nuclear aggregates accumulated in neuroblastoma cells. Accordingly, induction of NE-derived vesicles by BFRF1 facilitates nuclear protein translocation and clearance, suggesting that autophagy-coupled transport of nucleus-derived vesicles can be elicited for nuclear component catabolism in mammalian cells.-Liu, G.-T., Kung, H.-N., Chen, C.-K., Huang, C., Wang, Y.-L., Yu, C.-P., Lee, C.-P. Improving nuclear envelope dynamics by EBV BFRF1 facilitates intranuclear component clearance through autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Ting Liu
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Ni Kung
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; and
| | - Chung-Kuan Chen
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Li Wang
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Pu Yu
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Pei Lee
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
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Griffin JN, del Viso F, Duncan AR, Robson A, Hwang W, Kulkarni S, Liu KJ, Khokha MK. RAPGEF5 Regulates Nuclear Translocation of β-Catenin. Dev Cell 2018; 44:248-260.e4. [PMID: 29290587 PMCID: PMC5818985 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Canonical Wnt signaling coordinates many critical aspects of embryonic development, while dysregulated Wnt signaling contributes to common diseases, including congenital malformations and cancer. The nuclear localization of β-catenin is the defining step in pathway activation. However, despite intensive investigation, the mechanisms regulating β-catenin nuclear transport remain undefined. In a patient with congenital heart disease and heterotaxy, a disorder of left-right patterning, we previously identified the guanine nucleotide exchange factor, RAPGEF5. Here, we demonstrate that RAPGEF5 regulates left-right patterning via Wnt signaling. In particular, RAPGEF5 regulates the nuclear translocation of β-catenin independently of both β-catenin cytoplasmic stabilization and the importin β1/Ran-mediated transport system. We propose a model whereby RAPGEF5 activates the nuclear GTPases, Rap1a/b, to facilitate the nuclear transport of β-catenin, defining a parallel nuclear transport pathway to Ran. Our results suggest new targets for modulating Wnt signaling in disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N. Griffin
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA,Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Florencia del Viso
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
| | - Anna R. Duncan
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
| | - Andrew Robson
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
| | - Woong Hwang
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
| | - Saurabh Kulkarni
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
| | - Karen J. Liu
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Mustafa K. Khokha
- Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA,Correspondence to: Lead contact Mustafa Khokha,
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Houthaeve G, Robijns J, Braeckmans K, De Vos WH. Bypassing Border Control: Nuclear Envelope Rupture in Disease. Physiology (Bethesda) 2018; 33:39-49. [DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00029.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent observations in laminopathy patient cells and cancer cells have revealed that the nuclear envelope (NE) can transiently rupture during interphase. NE rupture leads to an uncoordinated exchange of nuclear and cytoplasmic material, thereby deregulating cellular homeostasis. Moreover, concurrently inflicted DNA damage could prime rupture-prone cells for genome instability. Thus, NE rupture may represent a novel pathogenic mechanism that has far-reaching consequences for cell and organism physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Houthaeve
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joke Robijns
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Centre for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Winnok H. De Vos
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Cell Systems and Imaging Research Group (CSI), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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The Structure of the ZMYND8/Drebrin Complex Suggests a Cytoplasmic Sequestering Mechanism of ZMYND8 by Drebrin. Structure 2017; 25:1657-1666.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Beck M, Schirmacher P, Singer S. Alterations of the nuclear transport system in hepatocellular carcinoma - New basis for therapeutic strategies. J Hepatol 2017; 67:1051-1061. [PMID: 28673770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most prevalent human malignancies worldwide with rising incidence in industrialised countries, few therapeutic options and poor prognosis. To expand and improve therapeutic strategies, identification of drug targets involved in several liver cancer-related pathways is crucial. Virtually all signal transduction cascades cross the nuclear envelope and therefore require components of the nuclear transport system (NTS), including nuclear transport receptors (e.g. importins and exportins) and the nuclear pore complex. Accordingly, members of the NTS represent promising targets for therapeutic intervention. Selective inhibitors of nuclear export have already entered clinical trials for various malignancies. Herein, we review the current knowledge regarding alterations of the NTS and their potential for targeted therapy in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Beck
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Singer
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany.
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44
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Aschner Y, Downey GP. Transforming Growth Factor-β: Master Regulator of the Respiratory System in Health and Disease. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 54:647-55. [PMID: 26796672 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0391tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we review the biology and physiological importance of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) to homeostasis in the respiratory system, its importance to innate and adaptive immune responses in the lung, and its pathophysiological role in various chronic pulmonary diseases including pulmonary arterial hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and pulmonary fibrosis. The TGF-β family is responsible for initiation of the intracellular signaling pathways that direct numerous cellular activities including proliferation, differentiation, extracellular matrix synthesis, and apoptosis. When TGF-β signaling is dysregulated or essential control mechanisms are unbalanced, the consequences of organ and tissue dysfunction can be profound. The complexities and myriad checkpoints built into the TGF-β signaling pathways provide attractive targets for the treatment of these disease states, many of which are currently being investigated. This review focuses on those aspects of TGF-β biology that are most relevant to pulmonary diseases and that hold promise as novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Aschner
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Gregory P Downey
- 1 Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and.,2 Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; and.,3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and.,4 Departments of Pediatrics, and.,5 Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
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45
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Shakyawar DK, Dayma K, Ramadhas A, Varalakshmi C, Radha V. C3G shows regulated nucleocytoplasmic exchange and represses histone modifications associated with euchromatin. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:984-995. [PMID: 28148649 PMCID: PMC5385946 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-09-0660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
C3G (RapGEF1), essential for mammalian embryonic development, shows dynamic nucleocytoplasmic exchange. Nuclear localization is regulated by NLSs, NES, and phosphorylation. C3G translocates to the nucleus in response to physiological stimuli and regulates chromatin modifications and gene expression. C3G (RapGEF1) is a ubiquitously expressed guanine nucleotide exchange factor that functions in signaling pathways regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and actin reorganization. It is essential for differentiation and early embryonic development in mice. Overexpressed C3G shows predominant cytoplasmic localization, but endogenous C3G is a component of nuclear fractions in a variety of cell types. Coexpression of importin-α and inhibition of nuclear export by leptomycin B resulted in predominant nuclear localization of C3G. Functional NLSs, NES, and GSK3-β–dependent phosphorylation regulate its dynamic nuclear localization. C3G translocates to the nucleus in response to myogenic differentiation and sublethal dose of cisplatin. C3G is associated with chromatin and nuclear matrix fractions. Cells with C3G localized in the nucleus showed peripheralization of heterochromatin and reduced histone modifications associated with euchromatin. Short hairpin RNA–mediated depletion of C3G in epithelial cells resulted in reduced expression of CDK inhibitors and the histone demethylase KDM5A. Myoblast clones with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of C3G failed to show repression of histone marks and did not show up-regulation of myosin heavy chain and myotube formation when grown in differentiation medium. Our results document regulated nucleocytoplasmic exchange of C3G in response to physiological stimuli and provide insights into nuclear functions for C3G.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kunal Dayma
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Anesh Ramadhas
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | | | - Vegesna Radha
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
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Shang P, Liu W, Liu T, Zhang Y, Mu F, Zhu Z, Liang L, Zhai X, Ding Y, Li Y, Wen A. Acetyl-11-Keto-β-Boswellic Acid Attenuates Prooxidant and Profibrotic Mechanisms Involving Transforming Growth Factor-β1, and Improves Vascular Remodeling in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39809. [PMID: 28009003 PMCID: PMC5180224 DOI: 10.1038/srep39809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular remodeling is an important complication of hypertension with oxidative stress-related profibrotic pathways involved. The transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) has been shown to be a potential target of vasoprotection, and has multiple roles in vascular remodeling. Acetyl-11-Keto-β-Boswellic Acid (AKBA) is one of the active principles of Boswellic acids, and shows antioxidant activity in many diseases. The study is to determine effects of AKBA on systemic oxidative stress of hypertension and vascular remodeling. In the experiments, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were used. And in vitro, fibroblast was pretreated with AKBA before Ang II stimuli. In the results, treatment of AKBA markedly reduced oxidative stress, and decreased vascular remodeling by restoring vascular wall parameters and improving vascular reactivity. AKBA dramatically reduced TGF-β1 and Smad3 expression, as shown in immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. In cultured fibroblast, AKBA decreased intracellular ROS levels. Cell viability and proliferation, as well as migration were inhibited by AKBA. Additionally, treatment of AKBA significantly decreased TGF-β1 secretion in culture supernatant. Expression of TGF-β1, Smad3, P-Smad3 and Smad7 were also decreased by AKBA in fibroblast. In conclusion, AKBA is able to attenuate oxidative stress and profibrotic mechanisms, and improve vascular remodeling in hypertension through TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijin Shang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Wenxing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Tianlong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Yikai Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Fei Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Zhihui Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Lingfei Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Yuwen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
| | - Aidong Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China
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Hodge G, Hodge S. Steroid Resistant CD8 +CD28 null NKT-Like Pro-inflammatory Cytotoxic Cells in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Front Immunol 2016; 7:617. [PMID: 28066427 PMCID: PMC5165019 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Corticosteroid resistance is a major barrier to effective treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and failure to suppress systemic inflammation in these patients may result in increased comorbidity. Although much of the research to date has focused on the role of macrophages and neutrophils involved in inflammation in the airways in COPD, recent evidence suggests that CD8+ T cells may be central regulators of the inflammatory network in this disease. CD8+ cytotoxic pro-inflammatory T cells have been shown to be increased in the peripheral blood and airways in patients with COPD, whereas smokers that have not progressed to COPD only show an increase in the lungs. Although the mechanisms underlying steroid resistance in these lymphocytes is largely unknown, new research has identified a role for cytotoxic pro-inflammatory CD8+ T-cells and CD8+ natural killer T-like (NKT-like) cells. Increased numbers of these cells and their significant loss of the co-stimulatory molecule CD28 have been shown in COPD, consistent with findings in the elderly and in clinical conditions involving chronic activation of the immune system. In COPD, these senescent cells expressed increased levels of the cytotoxic mediators, perforin and granzyme b, and the pro-inflammatory cytokines, IFNγ and TNFα. They also demonstrated increased cytotoxicity toward lung epithelial cells and importantly were resistant to immunosuppression by corticosteroids compared with their CD28+ counterparts. Further research has shown these cells evade the immunosuppressive effects of steroids via multiple mechanisms. This mini review will focus on cytotoxic pro-inflammatory CD8+CD28null NKT-like cells involved in COPD and novel approaches to reverse steroid resistance in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Hodge
- Chronic Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Laboratory, Lung Research Unit, Hanson Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sandra Hodge
- Chronic Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Laboratory, Lung Research Unit, Hanson Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Dubey A, Copeland PR. The Selenocysteine-Specific Elongation Factor Contains Unique Sequences That Are Required for Both Nuclear Export and Selenocysteine Incorporation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165642. [PMID: 27802322 PMCID: PMC5089774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenocysteine (Sec) is a critical residue in at least 25 human proteins that are essential for antioxidant defense and redox signaling in cells. Sec is inserted into proteins cotranslationally by the recoding of an in-frame UGA termination codon to a Sec codon. In eukaryotes, this recoding event requires several specialized factors, including a dedicated, Sec-specific elongation factor called eEFSec, which binds Sec-tRNASec with high specificity and delivers it to the ribosome for selenoprotein production. Unlike most translation factors, including the canonical elongation factor eEF1A, eEFSec readily localizes to the nucleus of mammalian cells and shuttles between the cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments. The functional significance of eEFSec's nuclear localization has remained unclear. In this study, we have examined the subcellular localization of eEFSec in the context of altered Sec incorporation to demonstrate that reduced selenoprotein production does not correlate with changes in the nuclear localization of eEFSec. In addition, we identify several novel sequences of the protein that are essential for localization as well as Sec insertion activity, and show that eEFSec utilizes CRM1-mediated nuclear export pathway. Our findings argue for two distinct pools of eEFSec in the cell, where the cytoplasmic pool participates in Sec incorporation and the nuclear pool may be involved in an as yet unknown function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Dubey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers—Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
| | - Paul R. Copeland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers—Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, United States of America
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Seo HG, Kim HB, Kang MJ, Ryum JH, Yi EC, Cho JW. Identification of the nuclear localisation signal of O-GlcNAc transferase and its nuclear import regulation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34614. [PMID: 27713473 PMCID: PMC5054401 DOI: 10.1038/srep34614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleocytoplasmic O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) attaches a single GlcNAc to hydroxyl groups of serine and threonine residues. Although the cellular localisation of OGT is important to regulate a variety of cellular processes, the molecular mechanisms regulating the nuclear localisation of OGT is unclear. Here, we characterised three amino acids (DFP; residues 451-453) as the nuclear localisation signal of OGT and demonstrated that this motif mediated the nuclear import of non-diffusible β-galactosidase. OGT bound the importin α5 protein, and this association was abolished when the DFP motif of OGT was mutated or deleted. We also revealed that O-GlcNAcylation of Ser389, which resides in the tetratricopeptide repeats, plays an important role in the nuclear localisation of OGT. Our findings may explain how OGT, which possesses a NLS, exists in the nucleus and cytosol simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Gyu Seo
- Department of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Byeol Kim
- Department of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jueng Kang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 28 Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hwan Ryum
- Department of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene C Yi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 28 Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Cho
- Department of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Gami-Patel P, Bandopadhyay R, Brelstaff J, Revesz T, Lashley T. The presence of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins in frontotemporal lobar degeneration with FUS-positive inclusions. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 46:192-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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