1
|
Sou YS, Yamaguchi J, Masuda K, Uchiyama Y, Maeda Y, Koike M. Golgi pH homeostasis stabilizes the lysosomal membrane through N-glycosylation of membrane proteins. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402677. [PMID: 39079741 PMCID: PMC11289521 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein glycosylation plays a vital role in various cellular functions, many of which occur within the Golgi apparatus. The Golgi pH regulator (GPHR) is essential for the proper functioning of the Golgi apparatus. The lysosomal membrane contains highly glycosylated membrane proteins in abundance. This study investigated the role of the Golgi luminal pH in N-glycosylation of lysosomal membrane proteins and the effect of this protein modification on membrane stability using Gphr-deficient MEFs. We showed that Gphr deficiency causes an imbalance in the Golgi luminal pH, resulting in abnormal protein N-glycosylation, indicated by a reduction in sialylated glycans and markedly reduced molecular weight of glycoproteins. Further experiments using FRAP and PLA revealed that Gphr deficiency prevented the trafficking dynamics and proximity condition of glycosyltransferases in the Golgi apparatus. In addition, incomplete N-glycosylation of lysosomal membrane proteins affected lysosomal membrane stability, as demonstrated by the increased susceptibility to lysosomal damage. Thus, this study highlights the critical role of Golgi pH regulation in controlling protein glycosylation and the impact of Golgi dysfunction on lysosomal membrane stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shin Sou
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Junji Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Morphology and Image Analysis, Research Support Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Japan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Neuropathology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Masuda
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Uchiyama
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Neuropathology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Maeda
- https://ror.org/035t8zc32 Department of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Masato Koike
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Holzer E, Martens S, Tulli S. The Role of ATG9 Vesicles in Autophagosome Biogenesis. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168489. [PMID: 38342428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy mediates the degradation and recycling of cellular material in the lysosomal system. Dysfunctional autophagy is associated with a plethora of diseases including uncontrolled infections, cancer and neurodegeneration. In macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy) this material is encapsulated in double membrane vesicles, the autophagosomes, which form upon induction of autophagy. The precursors to autophagosomes, referred to as phagophores, first appear as small flattened membrane cisternae, which gradually enclose the cargo material as they grow. The assembly of phagophores during autophagy initiation has been a major subject of investigation over the past decades. A special focus has been ATG9, the only conserved transmembrane protein among the core machinery. The majority of ATG9 localizes to small Golgi-derived vesicles. Here we review the recent advances and breakthroughs regarding our understanding of how ATG9 and the vesicles it resides in serve to assemble the autophagy machinery and to establish membrane contact sites for autophagosome biogenesis. We also highlight open questions in the field that need to be addressed in the years to come.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Holzer
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna BioCenter Campus (VBC), Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Vienna, Austria; Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Sascha Martens
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna BioCenter Campus (VBC), Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Susanna Tulli
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna BioCenter Campus (VBC), Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Borrajo ML, Quijano A, Lapuhs P, Rodriguez-Perez AI, Anthiya S, Labandeira-Garcia JL, Valenzuela R, Alonso MJ. Ionizable nanoemulsions for RNA delivery into the central nervous system - importance of diffusivity. J Control Release 2024; 372:295-303. [PMID: 38909703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) currently dominate the RNA delivery landscape; however their limited diffusivity hampers targeted tissue dissemination, and, hence, their capacity for intracellular drug delivery. This is especially relevant for tissues such as the central nervous system (CNS), where overcoming proactive brain barriers is crucial for the efficacy of genetic therapeutics. This research aimed to create ionizable nanoemulsions (iNEs), a new generation of RNA delivery systems with enhanced diffusivity. The developed iNEs (consisting of the combination of C12-200, DOPE, Vitamin E, and DMG-PEG) with a size below 100 nm, neutral surface charge, and high RNA loading capacity, showed excellent cell viability and transfection efficiency in various cellular models, including neurons, astrocytes, and microglia. Subsequently, iNEs containing mRNA GFP were tested for CNS transfection, highlighting their exceptional diffusivity and selective transfection of neurons following intra-parenchymal administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mireya L Borrajo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, University de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; IDIS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Aloia Quijano
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, University de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; IDIS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Philipp Lapuhs
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, University de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; IDIS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana I Rodriguez-Perez
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, University de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; IDIS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Shubaash Anthiya
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, University de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; IDIS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José L Labandeira-Garcia
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, University de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; IDIS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rita Valenzuela
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, University de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; IDIS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, University de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; IDIS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lu CY, Wu JZ, Yao HHY, Liu RJY, Li L, Pluthero FG, Freeman SA, Kahr WHA. Acidification of α-granules in megakaryocytes by vacuolar-type adenosine triphosphatase is essential for organelle biogenesis. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:2294-2305. [PMID: 38718926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelets coordinate blood coagulation at sites of vascular injury and play fundamental roles in a wide variety of (patho)physiological processes. Key to many platelet functions is the transport and secretion of proteins packaged within α-granules, organelles produced by platelet precursor megakaryocytes. Prominent among α-granule cargo are fibrinogen endocytosed from plasma and endogenously synthesized von Willebrand factor. These and other proteins are known to require acidic pH for stable packaging. Luminal acidity has been confirmed for mature α-granules isolated from platelets, but direct measurement of megakaryocyte granule acidity has not been reported. OBJECTIVES To determine the luminal pH of α-granules and their precursors in megakaryocytes and assess the requirement of vacuolar-type adenosine triphosphatase (V-ATPase) activity to establish and maintain the luminal acidity and integrity of these organelles. METHODS Cresyl violet staining was used to detect acidic granules in megakaryocytes. Endocytosis of fibrinogen tagged with the pH-sensitive fluorescent dye fluorescein isothiocyanate was used to load a subset of these organelles. Ratiometric fluorescence analysis was used to determine their luminal pH. RESULTS We show that most of the acidic granules detected in megakaryocytes appear to be α-granules/precursors, for which we established a median luminal pH of 5.2 (IQR, 5.0-5.5). Inhibition of megakaryocyte V-ATPase activity led to enlargement of cargo-containing compartments detected by fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy. CONCLUSION These observations reveal that V-ATPase activity is required to establish and maintain a luminal acidic pH in megakaryocyte α-granules/precursors, confirming its importance for stable packaging of cargo proteins such as von Willebrand factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yi Lu
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jing Ze Wu
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Helen H Y Yao
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard J Y Liu
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ling Li
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fred G Pluthero
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Spencer A Freeman
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Walter H A Kahr
- Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto and The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kawakami S, Johmura Y, Nakanishi M. Intracellular acidification and glycolysis modulate inflammatory pathway in senescent cells. J Biochem 2024; 176:97-108. [PMID: 38564227 PMCID: PMC11289320 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvae032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells accumulate in various organs with ageing, and its accumulation induces chronic inflammation and age-related physiological dysfunctions. Several remodelling of intracellular environments have been identified in senescent cells, including enlargement of cell/nuclear size and intracellular acidification. Although these alterations of intracellular environments were reported to be involved in the unique characteristics of senescent cells, the contribution of intracellular acidification to senescence-associated cellular phenotypes is poorly understood. Here, we identified that the upregulation of TXNIP and its paralog ARRDC4 as a hallmark of intracellular acidification in addition to KGA-type GLS1. These genes were also upregulated in response to senescence-associated intracellular acidification. Neutralization of the intracellular acidic environment ameliorated not only senescence-related upregulation of TXNIP, ARRDC4 and KGA but also inflammation-related genes, possibly through suppression of PDK-dependent anaerobic glycolysis. Furthermore, we found that expression of the intracellular acidification-induced genes, TXNIP and ARRDC4, correlated with inflammatory gene expression in heterogeneous senescent cell population in vitro and even in vivo, implying that the contribution of intracellular pH to senescence-associated cellular features, such as SASP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kawakami
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Johmura
- Division of Cancer and Senescence Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Makoto Nakanishi
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shadija N, Dass S, Xu W, Wang L, Ke H. Functionality of the V-type ATPase during asexual growth and development of Plasmodium falciparum. J Biol Chem 2024:107608. [PMID: 39084459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
V-type ATPases are highly conserved hetero-multi-subunit proton pumping machineries found in all eukaryotes. They utilize ATP hydrolysis to pump protons, acidifying intracellular or extracellular compartments, and are thus crucial for various biological processes. Despite their evolutionary conservation in malaria parasites, this proton pump remains understudied. To understand the localization and biological functions of Plasmodium falciparum V-type ATPase, we employed CRISPR/Cas9 to endogenously tag the subunit A of the V1 domain. V1A (PF3D7_1311900) was tagged with a triple hemagglutinin epitope and the TetR-DOZI-aptamer system for conditional expression under the regulation of anhydrotetracycline. Via immunofluorescence assays, we identified that V-type ATPase is expressed throughout the intraerythrocytic developmental cycle and is mainly localized on the digestive vacuole and parasite plasma membrane. Immuno-electron microscopy further revealed that V-type ATPase is also localized on secretory organelles in merozoites. Knockdown of V1A led to cytosolic pH imbalance and blockage of hemoglobin digestion in the digestive vacuole, resulting in an arrest of parasite development in the trophozoite stage and, ultimately, parasite demise. Using Bafilomycin A1, a specific inhibitor of V-type ATPases, we found that the P. falciparum V-type ATPase is likely involved in parasite invasion but is not critical for ring stage development. Further, we detected a large molecular weight complex in BN-PAGE (∼ 1.0 MDa), corresponding to the total molecular weights of V1 and Vo domains. Together, we show that V-type ATPase is localized on multiple subcellular compartments in P. falciparum, and its functionality throughout the asexual cycle varies depending on the parasite developmental stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neeta Shadija
- Center for Molecular Parasitology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 19129
| | - Swati Dass
- Center for Molecular Parasitology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 19129
| | - Wei Xu
- Center for Molecular Parasitology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 19129
| | - Liying Wang
- Center for Molecular Parasitology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 19129
| | - Hangjun Ke
- Center for Molecular Parasitology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 19129.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ding J, Xu Y, Tan J, Zhang H, Xiong X, Mei C, Li M, Xie G. How to make lunar soil suitable for cultivation? - A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174603. [PMID: 39002579 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
The investigation of lunar soil encompasses extensive periods, employs many improvement methods, and has generated several simulants. The improvement of lunar soil has recently garnered growing interest as an aspect of In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) for regolith. It is crucial to clarify the challenges of utilizing lunar soil as a planting substrate to develop more effective techniques. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of research on improving lunar soil properties, highlights the disparities in mineral composition between real lunar soil (also called regolith) and simulated lunar soil, then details their deficiencies as planting substrates. Following an investigation of existing improvement methods, a dilemma of metals、salt precipitation and high pH caused by adding organic matter alone was noted, while the function of microbes (bacteria, algae, and lichens) in improvement processes was assessed. Finally, we present a perspective on future the lunar soil plantable research development based on the Bioregenerative Life Support System (BLSS). This review aims to promote the engineering application of lunar soil improvements and sustainable development. We hope that one day, regolith will enable plants to flourish on the Moon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghang Ding
- Center of Space Exploration, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yuxuan Xu
- Center of Space Exploration, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jungang Tan
- Center of Space Exploration, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Center of Space Exploration, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xin Xiong
- Center of Space Exploration, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Chuang Mei
- Center of Space Exploration, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Mingjie Li
- Center of Space Exploration, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Gengxin Xie
- Center of Space Exploration, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wei Y, Weng X, Wang Y, Yang W. Stimuli-Responsive Polymersomes: Reshaping the Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment. Biomacromolecules 2024. [PMID: 39054960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The progression of cancer involves mutations in normal cells, leading to uncontrolled division and tissue destruction, highlighting the complexity of tumor microenvironments (TMEs). Immunotherapy has emerged as a transformative approach, yet the balance between efficacy and safety remains a challenge. Nanoparticles such as polymersomes offer the possibility to precisely target tumors, deliver drugs in a controlled way, effectively modulate the antitumor immunity, and notably reduce side effects. Herein, stimuli-responsive polymersomes, with capabilities for carrying multiple therapeutics, are highlighted for their potential in enhancing antitumor immunity through mechanisms like inducing immunogenic cell death and activating STING (stimulator of interferon genes), etc. The recent progress of utilizing stimuli-responsive polymersomes to reshape the TME is reviewed here. The advantages and limitations to applied stimuli-responsive polymersomes are outlined. Additionally, challenges and future prospects in leveraging polymersomes for cancer therapy are discussed, emphasizing the need for future research and clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaohua Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiao Weng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Targeting Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001 China
| | - Yayun Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Targeting Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001 China
| | - Weijing Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Targeting Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001 China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Munan S, Kottarathil S, Joseph MM, Jana A, Ali M, Mapa K, Maiti KK, Samanta A. IndiFluors: A New Full-Visible Color-Tunable Donor-Acceptor-Donor (D 1-A-D 2) Fluorophore Family for Ratiometric pH Imaging during Mitophagy. ACS Sens 2024; 9:3502-3510. [PMID: 35113517 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Full-visible color-tunable new fluorophores are essential in bioimaging research. However, it is significantly challenging to design fluorophores with the desired optical and biological properties owing to their structural complexity. We report a unified design of an interesting molecular framework, IndiFluors, based on the principle of a donor-acceptor-donor (D1-A-D2) system. The IndiFluors comprise pyrylium, pyridinium, and pyridine derivatives, which exhibit full-visible emission color (375-700 nm) by varying donor and acceptor strengths of the core scaffolds. With a minimal change of structure, the bright fluorophores (Φ: 0.96) can be tuned to become nonfluorescent (Φ: 0.01), which is well explained by time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT/PCM) by oscillator strengths in the S1 state. Within IndiFluors, pyridinium offers several advantages, including a large Stokes shift (∼154 nm) and excellent stability, compared to pentacyclic pyrylium fluorophores. Especially, the designed probe, PM-Mito-OH, demonstrated specific colocalization in mitochondria and a monitored ratiometric pH change during mitochondrial damage, autolysosomes, and the mitophagy process. Hence, IndiFluors and the derived probe show great potential for cellular pH imaging in live cells while exhibiting minimal cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Munan
- Molecular Sensors and Therapeutics (MST) Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Delhi NCR, NH 91, Tehsil Dadri, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Shamna Kottarathil
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, Organic Chemistry Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Industrial Estate, PO Pappanamcode, Trivandrum 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Manu M Joseph
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, Organic Chemistry Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Industrial Estate, PO Pappanamcode, Trivandrum 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Anal Jana
- Molecular Sensors and Therapeutics (MST) Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Delhi NCR, NH 91, Tehsil Dadri, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Mudassar Ali
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Delhi NCR, NH 91, Tehsil Dadri, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Koyeli Mapa
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Delhi NCR, NH 91, Tehsil Dadri, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Kaustabh Kumar Maiti
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, Organic Chemistry Section, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Industrial Estate, PO Pappanamcode, Trivandrum 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Animesh Samanta
- Molecular Sensors and Therapeutics (MST) Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Delhi NCR, NH 91, Tehsil Dadri, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kwapiszewska K. Physicochemical Perspective of Biological Heterogeneity. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2024; 4:314-321. [PMID: 39069985 PMCID: PMC11274282 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.3c00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The vast majority of chemical processes that govern our lives occur within living cells. At the core of every life process, such as gene expression or metabolism, are chemical reactions that follow the fundamental laws of chemical kinetics and thermodynamics. Understanding these reactions and the factors that govern them is particularly important for the life sciences. The physicochemical environment inside cells, which can vary between cells and organisms, significantly impacts various biochemical reactions and increases the extent of population heterogeneity. This paper discusses using physical chemistry approaches for biological studies, including methods for studying reactions inside cells and monitoring their conditions. The potential for development in this field and possible new research areas are highlighted. By applying physical chemistry methodology to biochemistry in vivo, we may gain new insights into biology, potentially leading to new ways of controlling biochemical reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Kwapiszewska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish
Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jiang Y, Xu X, Fan D, Liu P, Zhou M, Cheng M, Huang J, Luo Y, Guo Y, Yang T. Advancing Tumor-Targeted Chemo-Immunotherapy: Development of the CAR-M-derived Exosome-Drug Conjugate. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 39041307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Traditional antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) mainly suppress tumor growth through either chemotherapy with cytotoxic payloads or immunotherapy with immuno-modulators. However, a single therapeutic modality may limit their exploration. Herein, we developed a new type of drug conjugate termed CAR-EDC (CAR-M-derived exosome-drug conjugate) by using CAR-exosomes from CAR-M cells as the targeting drug carrier that contains a high level of CXCL10. CAR-exosomes could significantly enhance the immunological activation and migratory capacity of T lymphocytes and promote their differentiation into CD8+ T cells. It also increased the proportion of M1 macrophages. The CAR-EDC, covalently loaded with SN-38, was internalized into Raji cells through endocytosis mediated by the CAR molecules. It exerted excellent antitumor activity in vivo by virtue of not only chemotherapy by SN38 but also immunotherapy by CXCL10-mediated antitumor immunity. Generally, this study provides an exosome-drug conjugate system with enhanced antitumor effects over traditional ADCs through the synergism of chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunhan Jiang
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Cardiovascular Surgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Xu
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dongmei Fan
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Pingxian Liu
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mengdi Cheng
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiasheng Huang
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Youfu Luo
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yingqiang Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Cardiovascular Surgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapy, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shi YA, Lu SL, Noda T, Chiu CH, Chiang-Ni C. Capsule-deficient group A Streptococcus evades autophagy-mediated killing in macrophages. mBio 2024; 15:e0077124. [PMID: 38819157 PMCID: PMC11253618 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00771-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The hyaluronic acid capsule is crucial in protecting group A Streptococcus (GAS) against phagocytic killing. However, there have been reported outbreaks caused by capsule-deficient GAS strains, and the mechanisms underlying their evasion of immune clearance remain unclear. This study demonstrated that the capsule-deficient mutant [Cap(-)] of the emm1 strain increased survival within phagocytic cells compared to the wild-type strain [Cap(+)]. Although both Cap(+) and Cap(-) strains exhibited similar abilities to disrupt the phagosome, only the Cap(+) strain was colocalized with lysosomes and acidified compartments in phagocytic cells, indicating its susceptibility to autophagosome elimination. In contrast, the Cap(-) mutant evaded the recognition of galectin-8 and ubiquitin, impairing selective autophagy-mediated elimination. These findings suggest that a deficiency in the capsule could impair the intracellular elimination of GAS in macrophages, revealing previously unknown aspects of the host's recognition of the GAS capsule in macrophages. IMPORTANCE Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes diseases ranging from mild pharyngitis to severe necrotizing fasciitis. Phagocytic cells serve as the primary defense against bacterial infections, exhibiting remarkable efficiency in eliminating intracellular pathogens. The hyaluronic acid capsule is a critical virulence factor that contributes to the resistance of phagocytosis in GAS. Nevertheless, the outbreaks caused by GAS strains that lack the hyaluronic acid capsule have been reported, and the selective advantage of capsule-deficient strains during infection is not fully understood. This study showed that the autophagic adaptor proteins recognize the capsulated GAS strain but not the capsule-deficient mutant, indicating that the hyaluronic acid capsule could be the autophagic target in macrophages. These findings imply that the hyaluronic acid capsule of GAS actually enhances its elimination within phagocytic cells, subverting the understanding of the capsule in GAS pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-An Shi
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shiou-Ling Lu
- Center for Frontier Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Noda
- Center for Frontier Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Cheng-Hsun Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuan Chiang-Ni
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chakraborty S, Bindra AK, Thomas A, Zhao Y, Ajayaghosh A. pH-Assisted multichannel heat shock monitoring in the endoplasmic reticulum with a pyridinium fluorophore. Chem Sci 2024; 15:10851-10857. [PMID: 39027278 PMCID: PMC11253182 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01977f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat shock is a global health concern as it causes permanent damage to living cells and has a relatively high mortality rate. Therefore, diagnostic tools that facilitate a better understanding of heat shock damage and the defense mechanism at the sub-cellular level are of great importance. In this report, we have demonstrated the use of a pyridinium-based fluorescent molecule, PM-ER-OH, as a 'multichannel' imaging probe to monitor the pH change associated with a heat shock in the endoplasmic reticulum. Among the three pyridinium derivatives synthesized, PM-ER-OH was chosen for study due to its excellent biocompatibility, good localization in the endoplasmic reticulum, and intracellular pH response signaled by a yellow fluorescence (λ max = 556 nm) at acidic pH and a far red fluorescence (λ max = 660 nm) at basic pH. By changing the excitation wavelength, we could modulate the fluorescence signal in 'turn-ON', single excitation ratiometric and 'turn-OFF' modes, making the fluorophore a 'multichannel' probe for both ex vitro and in vitro pH monitoring in the endoplasmic reticulum. The probe could efficiently monitor the pH change when heat shock was applied to cells either directly or in a pre-heated manner, which gives insight on cellular acidification caused by heat stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Chakraborty
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) Thiruvananthapuram 695 019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Anivind Kaur Bindra
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
| | - Anagha Thomas
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) Thiruvananthapuram 695 019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Yanli Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore
| | - Ayyappanpillai Ajayaghosh
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) Thiruvananthapuram 695 019 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai 603203 India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xu S, Yan KC, Xu ZH, Wang Y, James TD. Fluorescent probes for targeting the Golgi apparatus: design strategies and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:7590-7631. [PMID: 38904177 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00171g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus is an essential organelle constructed by the stacking of flattened vesicles, that is widely distributed in eukaryotic cells and is dynamically regulated during cell cycles. It is a central station which is responsible for collecting, processing, sorting, transporting, and secreting some important proteins/enzymes from the endoplasmic reticulum to intra- and extra-cellular destinations. Golgi-specific fluorescent probes provide powerful non-invasive tools for the real-time and in situ visualization of the temporal and spatial fluctuations of bioactive species. Over recent years, more and more Golgi-targeting probes have been developed, which are essential for the evaluation of diseases including cancer. However, when compared with systems that target other important organelles (e.g. lysosomes and mitochondria), Golgi-targeting strategies are still in their infancy, therefore it is important to develop more Golgi-targeting probes. This review systematically summarizes the currently reported Golgi-specific fluorescent probes, and highlights the design strategies, mechanisms, and biological uses of these probes, we have structured the review based on the different targeting groups. In addition, we highlight the future challenges and opportunities in the development of Golgi-specific imaging agents and therapeutic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Detection, Xuchang University, 461000, P. R. China.
| | - Kai-Cheng Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Zhi-Hong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Detection, Xuchang University, 461000, P. R. China.
- College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang, 461000, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, P. R. China.
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shimada T, Ueda Y, Baba Y, Yukawa H. Advances of Fluorescent Nanodiamond Platforms for Intracellular and On-Chip Biosensing. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:340. [PMID: 39056616 PMCID: PMC11274460 DOI: 10.3390/bios14070340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Intracellular and extracellular sensing of physical and chemical variables is important for disease diagnosis and the understanding of cellular biology. Optical sensing utilizing fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) is promising for probing intracellular and extracellular variables owing to their biocompatibility, photostability, and sensitivity to physicochemical quantities. Based on the potential of FNDs, we outlined the optical properties, biocompatibility, surface chemistry of FNDs and their applications in intracellular biosensing. This review also introduces biosensing platforms that combine FNDs and lab-on-a-chip approaches to control the extracellular environment and improve sample/reagent handling and sensing performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Shimada
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (Y.U.); (Y.B.)
| | - Yasuyuki Ueda
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (Y.U.); (Y.B.)
| | - Yoshinobu Baba
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (Y.U.); (Y.B.)
- Research Institute for Quantum and Chemical Innovation, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Development of Quantum-Nano Cancer Photoimmunotherapy for Clinical Application of Refractory Cancer, Nagoya University, Tsurumai 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yukawa
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST), Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (Y.U.); (Y.B.)
- Research Institute for Quantum and Chemical Innovation, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Development of Quantum-Nano Cancer Photoimmunotherapy for Clinical Application of Refractory Cancer, Nagoya University, Tsurumai 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
- Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), B3 Unit, Tsurumai-cho 65, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
- Department of Quantum Life Science, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Morimoto YV. Ion Signaling in Cell Motility and Development in Dictyostelium discoideum. Biomolecules 2024; 14:830. [PMID: 39062545 PMCID: PMC11274586 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell-to-cell communication is fundamental to the organization and functionality of multicellular organisms. Intercellular signals orchestrate a variety of cellular responses, including gene expression and protein function changes, and contribute to the integrated functions of individual tissues. Dictyostelium discoideum is a model organism for cell-to-cell interactions mediated by chemical signals and multicellular formation mechanisms. Upon starvation, D. discoideum cells exhibit coordinated cell aggregation via cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) gradients and chemotaxis, which facilitates the unicellular-to-multicellular transition. During this process, the calcium signaling synchronizes with the cAMP signaling. The resulting multicellular body exhibits organized collective migration and ultimately forms a fruiting body. Various signaling molecules, such as ion signals, regulate the spatiotemporal differentiation patterns within multicellular bodies. Understanding cell-to-cell and ion signaling in Dictyostelium provides insight into general multicellular formation and differentiation processes. Exploring cell-to-cell and ion signaling enhances our understanding of the fundamental biological processes related to cell communication, coordination, and differentiation, with wide-ranging implications for developmental biology, evolutionary biology, biomedical research, and synthetic biology. In this review, I discuss the role of ion signaling in cell motility and development in D. discoideum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke V. Morimoto
- Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 680-4 Kawazu, Iizuka 820-8502, Fukuoka, Japan;
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Saitama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sudnitsyna J, Ruzhnikova TO, Panteleev MA, Kharazova A, Gambaryan S, Mindukshev IV. Chloride Gradient Is Involved in Ammonium Influx in Human Erythrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7390. [PMID: 39000500 PMCID: PMC11242273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The ammonia/ammonium (NH3/NH4+, AM) concentration in human erythrocytes (RBCs) is significantly higher than in plasma. Two main possible mechanisms for AM transport, including simple and facilitated diffusion, are described; however, the driving force for AM transport is not yet fully characterized. Since the erythroid ammonium channel RhAG forms a structural unit with anion exchanger 1 (eAE1) within the ankyrin core complex, we hypothesized the involvement of eAE1 in AM transport. To evaluate the functional interaction between eAE1 and RhAG, we used a unique feature of RBCs to swell and lyse in isotonic NH4+ buffer. The kinetics of cell swelling and lysis were analyzed by flow cytometry and an original laser diffraction method, adapted for accurate volume sensing. The eAE1 role was revealed according to (i) the changes in cell swelling and lysis kinetics, and (ii) changes in intracellular pH, triggered by eAE1 inhibition or the modulation of eAE1 main ligand concentrations (Cl- and HCO3-). Additionally, the AM import kinetics was analyzed enzymatically and colorimetrically. In NH4+ buffer, RBCs concentration-dependently swelled and lysed when [NH4+] exceeded 100 mM. Cell swelling and hemolysis were tightly regulated by chloride concentration. The complete substitution of chloride with glutamate prevented NH4+-induced cell swelling and hemolysis, and the restoration of [Cl-] dose-dependently amplified the rates of RBC swelling and lysis and the percentage of hemolyzed cells. Similarly, eAE1 inhibition impeded cell swelling and completely prevented hemolysis. Accordingly, eAE1 inhibition, or a lack of chloride anions in the buffer, significantly decreased NH4+ import. Our data indicate that the eAE1-mediated chloride gradient is required for AM transport. Taken together, our data reveal a new player in AM transport in RBCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Sudnitsyna
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 30 Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya St., 109029 Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tamara O Ruzhnikova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Panteleev
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 30 Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya St., 109029 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandra Kharazova
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stepan Gambaryan
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Igor V Mindukshev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Meng Y, Wu L, Zhao J, Shuang S, Dong C, Nie J. Facile synthesis of long-wavelength emission carbon dots for hypochlorite sensing and intracellular pH imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 322:124767. [PMID: 39013304 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Hypochlorite (ClO-), a typical reactive oxygen species, plays an irreplaceable roles in various biological processes. In this work, long-wavelength emission carbon dots (LW-CDs) were fabricated through one-step hydrothermal method by using l-cysteine (cys) and neutral red (NR) as precursors for monitoring of hypochlorite and intracellular pH. Characterizations of as-prepared LW-CDs showed that they had excellent water solubility, high optical stability and sensitive response behavior. Fluorescence intensity of LW-CDs decayed in the presence of ClO- linearly from 10 to 162.5 μM (LOD = 1.021 μM) based on static quenching effect with ideal selectivity. Besides, LW-CDs revealed a pH responsive behavior in the pH range of 2.0 to 10.0, exhibited dual good linear relationships in the pH ranges of 4.2-5.8 and 5.8-7.4. The LW-CDs can also be utilized as imaging reagents in Hela living cells owing excellent biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity. These results demonstrated that the as-mentioned LW-CDs are expected to serve as excellent long wavelength emitting nanomaterials for fluorescence sensing and monitoring of cell fluctuations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yating Meng
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impairment and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Linzhu Wu
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impairment and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Junxiu Zhao
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impairment and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Jisheng Nie
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impairment and Prevention, NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001 China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hassan Akhtar M, Azhar Hayat Nawaz M, Abbas M, Liu N, Han W, Lv Y, Yu C. Advances in pH Sensing: From Traditional Approaches to Next-Generation Sensors in Biological Contexts. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300369. [PMID: 38953343 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
pH has been considered one of the paramount factors in bodily functions because most cellular tasks exclusively rely on precise pH values. In this context, the current techniques for pH sensing provide us with the futuristic insight to further design therapeutic and diagnostic tools. Thus, pH-sensing (electrochemically and optically) is rapidly evolving toward exciting new applications and expanding researchers' interests in many chemical contexts, especially in biomedical applications. The adaptation of cutting-edge technology is subsequently producing the modest form of these biosensors as wearable devices, which are providing us the opportunity to target the real-time collection of vital parameters, including pH for improved healthcare systems. The motif of this review is to provide insight into trending tech-based systems employed in real-time or in-vivo pH-responsive monitoring. Herein, we briefly go through the pH regulation in the human body to help the beginners and scientific community with quick background knowledge, recent advances in the field, and pH detection in real-time biological applications. In the end, we summarize our review by providing an outlook; challenges that need to be addressed, and prospective integration of various pH in vivo platforms with modern electronics that can open new avenues of cutting-edge techniques for disease diagnostics and prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Hassan Akhtar
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Muhammad Azhar Hayat Nawaz
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM) COMSATS, University Islamabad, 54000, Lahore, Campus, Pakistan
| | - Manzar Abbas
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Functional Biomaterials Group, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wenzhao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yan Lv
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Cong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ogurlu B, Hamelink TL, Van Tricht IM, Leuvenink HGD, De Borst MH, Moers C, Pool MBF. Utilizing pathophysiological concepts of ischemia-reperfusion injury to design renoprotective strategies and therapeutic interventions for normothermic ex vivo kidney perfusion. Am J Transplant 2024; 24:1110-1126. [PMID: 38184242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajt.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) has emerged as a promising tool for the preservation, viability assessment, and repair of deceased-donor kidneys prior to transplantation. These kidneys inevitably experience a period of ischemia during donation, which leads to ischemia-reperfusion injury when NMP is subsequently commenced. Ischemia-reperfusion injury has a major impact on the renal vasculature, metabolism, oxygenation, electrolyte balance, and acid-base homeostasis. With an increased understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, renoprotective strategies and therapeutic interventions can be devised to minimize additional injury during normothermic reperfusion, ensure the safe implementation of NMP, and improve kidney quality. This review discusses the pathophysiological alterations in the vasculature, metabolism, oxygenation, electrolyte balance, and acid-base homeostasis of deceased-donor kidneys and delineates renoprotective strategies and therapeutic interventions to mitigate renal injury and improve kidney quality during NMP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baran Ogurlu
- Department of Surgery - Organ Donation and Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Tim L Hamelink
- Department of Surgery - Organ Donation and Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Isa M Van Tricht
- Department of Surgery - Organ Donation and Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henri G D Leuvenink
- Department of Surgery - Organ Donation and Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martin H De Borst
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Cyril Moers
- Department of Surgery - Organ Donation and Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Merel B F Pool
- Department of Surgery - Organ Donation and Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hasegawa H. Temperature-dependent intracellular crystallization of firefly luciferase in mammalian cells is suppressed by D-luciferin and stabilizing inhibitors. Exp Cell Res 2024; 440:114131. [PMID: 38876374 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Firefly luciferase (Fluc) from Photinus pyralis is one of the most widely used reporter proteins in biomedical research. Despite its widespread use, Fluc's protein phase transition behaviors and phase separation characteristics have not received much attention. Current research uncovers Fluc's intrinsic property to phase separate in mammalian cells upon a simple cell culture temperature change. Specifically, Fluc spontaneously produced needle-shaped crystal-like inclusion bodies upon temperature shift to the hypothermic temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 31 °C. The crystal-like inclusion bodies were not associated with or surrounded by membranous organelles and were likely built from the cytosolic pool of Fluc. Furthermore, the crystal-like inclusion formation was suppressed when cells were cultured in the presence of D-luciferin and its synthetic analog, as well as the benzothiazole family of so-called stabilizing inhibitors. These two classes of compounds inhibited intracellular Fluc crystallization by different modes of action as they had contrasting effects on steady-state luciferase protein accumulation levels. This study suggests that, under substrate insufficient conditions, the excess Fluc phase separates into a crystal-like state that can modulate intracellular soluble enzyme availability and protein turnover rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Hasegawa
- Discovery Protein Science, Department of Large Molecule Discovery and Research Data Science Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang C, Jiang W, Leitz J, Yang K, Esquivies L, Wang X, Shen X, Held RG, Adams DJ, Basta T, Hampton L, Jian R, Jiang L, Stowell MHB, Baumeister W, Guo Q, Brunger AT. Structure and topography of the synaptic V-ATPase-synaptophysin complex. Nature 2024; 631:899-904. [PMID: 38838737 PMCID: PMC11269182 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07610-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Synaptic vesicles are organelles with a precisely defined protein and lipid composition1,2, yet the molecular mechanisms for the biogenesis of synaptic vesicles are mainly unknown. Here we discovered a well-defined interface between the synaptic vesicle V-ATPase and synaptophysin by in situ cryo-electron tomography and single-particle cryo-electron microscopy of functional synaptic vesicles isolated from mouse brains3. The synaptic vesicle V-ATPase is an ATP-dependent proton pump that establishes the proton gradient across the synaptic vesicle, which in turn drives the uptake of neurotransmitters4,5. Synaptophysin6 and its paralogues synaptoporin7 and synaptogyrin8 belong to a family of abundant synaptic vesicle proteins whose function is still unclear. We performed structural and functional studies of synaptophysin-knockout mice, confirming the identity of synaptophysin as an interaction partner with the V-ATPase. Although there is little change in the conformation of the V-ATPase upon interaction with synaptophysin, the presence of synaptophysin in synaptic vesicles profoundly affects the copy number of V-ATPases. This effect on the topography of synaptic vesicles suggests that synaptophysin assists in their biogenesis. In support of this model, we observed that synaptophysin-knockout mice exhibit severe seizure susceptibility, suggesting an imbalance of neurotransmitter release as a physiological consequence of the absence of synaptophysin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuchu Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Photon Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wenhong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jeremy Leitz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Photon Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kailu Yang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Photon Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Luis Esquivies
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Photon Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotao Shen
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Richard G Held
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Photon Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel J Adams
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Tamara Basta
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Lucas Hampton
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Ruiqi Jian
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lihua Jiang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael H B Stowell
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Wolfgang Baumeister
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Axel T Brunger
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Photon Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang XF, Duan YF, Zhu YQ, Liu ZJ, Wu YC, Liu TH, Zhang L, Wei JF, Liu GC. An Insulin-Modified pH-Responsive Nanopipette Based on Ion Current Rectification. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4264. [PMID: 39001043 PMCID: PMC11244478 DOI: 10.3390/s24134264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The properties of nanopipettes largely rely on the materials introduced onto their inner walls, which allow for a vast extension of their sensing capabilities. The challenge of simultaneously enhancing the sensitivity and selectivity of nanopipettes for pH sensing remains, hindering their practical applications. Herein, we report insulin-modified nanopipettes with excellent pH response performances, which were prepared by introducing insulin onto their inner walls via a two-step reaction involving silanization and amidation. The pH response intensity based on ion current rectification was significantly enhanced by approximately 4.29 times when utilizing insulin-modified nanopipettes compared with bare ones, demonstrating a linear response within the pH range of 2.50 to 7.80. In addition, insulin-modified nanopipettes featured good reversibility and selectivity. The modification processes were monitored using the I-V curves, and the relevant mechanisms were discussed. The effects of solution pH and insulin concentration on the modification results were investigated to achieve optimal insulin introduction. This study showed that the pH response behavior of nanopipettes can be greatly improved by introducing versatile molecules onto the inner walls, thereby contributing to the development and utilization of pH-responsive nanopipettes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Fan Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; (X.-F.W.); (Y.-F.D.); (Y.-Q.Z.); (Z.-J.L.); (T.-H.L.); (L.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China;
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Yi-Fan Duan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; (X.-F.W.); (Y.-F.D.); (Y.-Q.Z.); (Z.-J.L.); (T.-H.L.); (L.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China;
| | - Yue-Qian Zhu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; (X.-F.W.); (Y.-F.D.); (Y.-Q.Z.); (Z.-J.L.); (T.-H.L.); (L.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China;
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Zi-Jing Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; (X.-F.W.); (Y.-F.D.); (Y.-Q.Z.); (Z.-J.L.); (T.-H.L.); (L.Z.)
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Yu-Chen Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China;
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Tian-Hao Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; (X.-F.W.); (Y.-F.D.); (Y.-Q.Z.); (Z.-J.L.); (T.-H.L.); (L.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China;
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; (X.-F.W.); (Y.-F.D.); (Y.-Q.Z.); (Z.-J.L.); (T.-H.L.); (L.Z.)
| | - Jian-Feng Wei
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; (X.-F.W.); (Y.-F.D.); (Y.-Q.Z.); (Z.-J.L.); (T.-H.L.); (L.Z.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Guo-Chang Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China; (X.-F.W.); (Y.-F.D.); (Y.-Q.Z.); (Z.-J.L.); (T.-H.L.); (L.Z.)
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Science Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen W, Weng S, Zhong W, Huang H, Wei G, Yang J, Zhang Z, Chen Q, Lin J, Yu Y. Rapid intracellular pH measurement based on electroporation- surface-enhanced Raman scattering. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 321:124758. [PMID: 38963945 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
In this study, electroporation-surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was applied to rapidly measure intracellular pH. The generation of a sensitive SERS probe for measuring pH in the range of 6.0-8.0 was accomplished through the conjugation of the pH-sensitive molecule 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) to the surface of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) through its thiol functional group. This bioprobe was then rapidly introduced into nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-1 cells by electroporation, followed by SERS scanning and the fitting of intensity ratios of each detection point's Raman peaks at 1423 cm-1 and 1072 cm-1, to create the pH distribution map of CNE-1 cells. The electroporation-SERS assay introduces pH bioprobes into a living cell in a very short time and disperses the nanoprobe throughout the cytoplasm, ultimately enabling rapid and comprehensive pH analysis of the entire cell. Our work demonstrates the potential of electroporation-SERS for the biochemical analysis of live cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Chen
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Health College, Fuzhou 350101, China.
| | - Shenghe Weng
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Health College, Fuzhou 350101, China
| | - Weixiong Zhong
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Health College, Fuzhou 350101, China
| | - Hao Huang
- College of Integrative Medicine, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Chronic Diseases (Fujian Province University), Synthesized Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Guoqiang Wei
- College of Integrative Medicine, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Chronic Diseases (Fujian Province University), Synthesized Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jian Yang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Fujian Health College, Fuzhou 350101, China
| | - Zhongping Zhang
- The Third Affiliated People's Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Qin Chen
- The Second Affiliated People's Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Jinyong Lin
- Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital (Fujian Branch of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center), Fuzhou 350014, China.
| | - Yun Yu
- College of Integrative Medicine, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Chronic Diseases (Fujian Province University), Synthesized Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rubio V, McInchak N, Fernandez G, Benavides D, Herrera D, Jimenez C, Mesa H, Meade J, Zhang Q, Stawikowski MJ. Modular Fluorescent Cholesterol Naphthalimide Probes And Their Application For Cholesterol Trafficking Studies In Cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.24.600118. [PMID: 38979187 PMCID: PMC11230193 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.24.600118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Development of fluorescent cholesterol analogs to better understand subcellular cholesterol trafficking is of great interest for cell biology and medicine. Our approach utilizes a bifunctional 1,8-naphthalimide scaffold with a push-pull character, modified on one side with a head group and a linker on the other side connecting it to cholesterol via an ester bond. Through structure-function studies, we've explored how different substituents-linkers and head groups-affect the ability of these fluorescent cholesterol naphthalimide analogs (CNDs) to mimic natural cholesterol behavior at both molecular and cellular levels. We categorized the resulting analogs into three groups: neutral, charged, and those featuring a hydroxyl group. Each compound was assessed for its solvatochromic behavior in organic solvents and model membranes. Extensive all-atom molecular dynamics simulations helped us examine how these analogs perform in model membranes compared to cholesterol. Additionally, we investigated the partitioning of these fluorescent probes in phase-separated giant unilamellar vesicles. We evaluated the uptake and distribution of these probes within mouse fibroblast cells and astrocytes, for their subcellular distributions in lysosomes and compared that to BODIPY-cholesterol, a well-regarded fluorescent cholesterol analog. The internalization efficiency of the fluorescent probes varies in different cell types and is affected mainly by the head groups. Our results demonstrate that the modular design significantly simplifies the creation of fluorescent cholesterol probes bearing distinct spectral, biophysical, and cellular targeting features, which makes it a valuable toolkit for the investigation of subcellular distribution and trafficking of cholesterol and its derivatives.
Collapse
|
26
|
Koo J, Palli SR. StaufenC facilitates utilization of the ERAD pathway to transport dsRNA through the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2322927121. [PMID: 38885386 PMCID: PMC11214074 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2322927121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is more efficient in coleopteran insects than other insects. StaufenC (StauC), a coleopteran-specific double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-binding protein, is required for efficient RNAi in coleopterans. We investigated the function of StauC in the intracellular transport of dsRNA into the cytosol, where dsRNA is digested by Dicer enzymes and recruited by Argonauts to RNA-induced silencing complexes. Confocal microscopy and cellular organelle fractionation studies have shown that dsRNA is trafficked through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in coleopteran Colorado potato beetle (CPB) cells. StauC is localized to the ER in CPB cells, and StauC-knockdown caused the accumulation of dsRNA in the ER and a decrease in the cytosol, suggesting that StauC plays a key role in the intracellular transport of dsRNA through the ER. Using immunoprecipitation, we showed that StauC is required for dsRNA interaction with ER proteins in the ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) pathway, and these interactions are required for RNAi in CPB cells. These results suggest that StauC works with the ERAD pathway to transport dsRNA through the ER to the cytosol. This information could be used to develop dsRNA delivery methods aimed at improving RNAi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinmo Koo
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40546
| | - Subba Reddy Palli
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY40546
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Aldehoff AS, Karkossa I, Goerdeler C, Krieg L, Schor J, Engelmann B, Wabitsch M, Landgraf K, Hackermüller J, Körner A, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Schubert K, von Bergen M. Unveiling the dynamics of acetylation and phosphorylation in SGBS and 3T3-L1 adipogenesis. iScience 2024; 27:109711. [PMID: 38840842 PMCID: PMC11152682 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, characterized by enlarged and dysfunctional adipose tissue, is among today's most pressing global public health challenges with continuously increasing prevalence. Despite the importance of post-translational protein modifications (PTMs) in cellular signaling, knowledge of their impact on adipogenesis remains limited. Here, we studied the temporal dynamics of transcriptome, proteome, central carbon metabolites, and the acetyl- and phosphoproteome during adipogenesis using LC-MS/MS combined with PTM enrichment strategies on human (SGBS) and mouse (3T3-L1) adipocyte models. Both cell lines exhibited unique PTM profiles during adipogenesis, with acetylated proteins being enriched for central energy metabolism, while phosphorylated proteins related to insulin signaling and organization of cellular structures. As candidates with strong correlation to the adipogenesis timeline we identified CD44 and the acetylation sites FASN_K673 and IDH_K272. While results generally aligned between SGBS and 3T3-L1 cells, details appeared cell line specific. Our datasets on SGBS and 3T3-L1 adipogenesis dynamics are accessible for further mining.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alix Sarah Aldehoff
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Isabel Karkossa
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Cornelius Goerdeler
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Laura Krieg
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jana Schor
- Department of Computational Biology and Chemistry, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Beatrice Engelmann
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kathrin Landgraf
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jörg Hackermüller
- Department of Computational Biology and Chemistry, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Computer Science, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antje Körner
- University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz-Centre Munich at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE–Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristin Schubert
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research GmbH (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Knutson SD, Buksh BF, Huth SW, Morgan DC, MacMillan DWC. Current advances in photocatalytic proximity labeling. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:1145-1161. [PMID: 38663396 PMCID: PMC11193652 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the intricate network of biomolecular interactions that govern cellular processes is a fundamental pursuit in biology. Over the past decade, photocatalytic proximity labeling has emerged as one of the most powerful and versatile techniques for studying these interactions as well as uncovering subcellular trafficking patterns, drug mechanisms of action, and basic cellular physiology. In this article, we review the basic principles, methodologies, and applications of photocatalytic proximity labeling as well as examine its modern development into currently available platforms. We also discuss recent key studies that have successfully leveraged these technologies and importantly highlight current challenges faced by the field. Together, this review seeks to underscore the potential of photocatalysis in proximity labeling for enhancing our understanding of cell biology while also providing perspective on technological advances needed for future discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steve D Knutson
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Benito F Buksh
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Sean W Huth
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Danielle C Morgan
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - David W C MacMillan
- Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Vitasovic T, Caniglia G, Eghtesadi N, Ceccato M, Bo Jesen ED, Gosewinkel U, Neusser G, Rupp U, Walther P, Kranz C, Ferapontova EE. Antibacterial Action of Zn 2+ Ions Driven by the In Vivo Formed ZnO Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:30847-30859. [PMID: 38853353 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Antibacterial formulations based on zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are widely used for antibiotic replacement in veterinary medicine and animal nutrition. However, the undesired environmental impact of ZnO NPs triggers a search for alternative, environmentally safer solutions. Here, we show that Zn2+ in its ionic form is a more eco-friendly antibacterial, and its biocidal action rivals that of ZnO NPs (<100 nm size), with a minimal biocidal concentration being 41(82) μg mL-1 vs 5 μg mL-1 of ZnO NPs, as determined for 103(106) CFU mL-1 E. coli. We demonstrate that the biocidal activity of Zn2+ ions is primarily associated with their uptake by E. coli and spontaneous in vivo transformation into insoluble ZnO nanocomposites at an internal bacterial pH of 7.7. Formed in vivo nanocomposite then damages E. coli membrane and intracellular components from the inside, by forming insoluble biocomposites, whose formation can also trigger ZnO characteristic reactions damaging the cells (e.g., by generation of high-potential reactive oxygen species). Our study defines a special route in which Zn2+ metal ions induce the death of bacterial cells, which might be common to other metal ions capable of forming semiconductor oxides and insoluble hydroxides at a slightly alkaline intracellular pH of some bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toni Vitasovic
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Faculty of Natural Sciences, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 1590-14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Aarhus University Center for Water Technology (WATEC), Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Giada Caniglia
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert Einstein Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Neda Eghtesadi
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Faculty of Natural Sciences, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 1590-14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Chemical Engineering Department, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, Nur-Sultan 01000, Kazakhstan
| | - Marcel Ceccato
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Faculty of Natural Sciences, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 1590-14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Espen Drath Bo Jesen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Faculty of Natural Sciences, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 1590-14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Ulrich Gosewinkel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Gregor Neusser
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert Einstein Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ulrich Rupp
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Paul Walther
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Christine Kranz
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert Einstein Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Elena E Ferapontova
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Faculty of Natural Sciences, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 1590-14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Aarhus University Center for Water Technology (WATEC), Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Huang Y, Zhang Q, Lam CYK, Li C, Yang C, Zhong Z, Zhang R, Yan J, Chen J, Yin B, Wong SHD, Yang M. An Aggregation-Induced Emission-Based Dual Emitting Nanoprobe for Detecting Intracellular pH and Unravelling Metabolic Variations in Differentiating Lymphocytes. ACS NANO 2024; 18:15935-15949. [PMID: 38833531 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Monitoring T lymphocyte differentiation is essential for understanding T cell fate regulation and advancing adoptive T cell immunotherapy. However, current biomarker analysis methods necessitate cell lysis, leading to source depletion. Intracellular pH (pHi) can be affected by the presence of lactic acid (LA), a metabolic mediator of T cell activity such as glycolysis during T cell activation; therefore, it is a potentially a good biomarker of T cell state. In this work, a dual emitting enhancement-based nanoprobe, namely, AIEgen@F127-AptCD8, was developed to accurately detect the pHi of T cells to "read" the T cell differentiation process. The nanocore of this probe comprises a pair of AIE dyes, TPE-AMC (pH-sensitive moiety) and TPE-TCF, that form a donor-acceptor pair for sensitive detection of pHi by dual emitting enhancement analysis. The nanoprobe exhibits a distinctly sensitive narrow range of pHi values (from 6.0 to 7.4) that can precisely distinguish the differentiated lymphocytes from naïve ones based on their distinct pHi profiles. Activated CD8+ T cells demonstrate lower pHi (6.49 ± 0.09) than the naïve cells (7.26 ± 0.11); Jurkat cells exhibit lower pHi (6.43 ± 0.06) compared to that of nonactivated ones (7.29 ± 0.09) on 7 days post-activation. The glycolytic product profiles in T cells strongly correlate with their pHi profiles, ascertaining the reliability of probing pHi for predicting T cell states. The specificity and dynamic detection capabilities of this nanoprobe make it a promising tool for indirectly and noninvasively monitoring T cell activation and differentiation states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ching Ying Katherine Lam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chuanqi Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhiming Zhong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ruolin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jiaxiang Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jiareng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Bohan Yin
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Siu Hong Dexter Wong
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Mo Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Li S, Wang H. Lysosomal Peptide Self-Assembly to Control Cell Behavior. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202400232. [PMID: 38660742 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that play key roles in degrading and recycling cellular debris, cellular signaling, and energy metabolism processes. Confinement of amphiphilic peptides in the lysosome to construct functional nanostructures through noncovalent interactions is an emerging approach to tune the homeostasis of lysosome. After briefly introducing the importance of lysosome and its functions, we discuss the advantages of lysosomal nanostructure formation for disease therapy. We next discuss the strategy for triggering the self-assembly of peptides in the lysosome, followed by a concise outlook of the future perspective about this emerging research direction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangshuang Li
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, No. 600 Yungu Road, 310030, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huaimin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, No. 600 Yungu Road, 310030, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen S, Wang K, Fan Z, Zhou T, Li R, Zhang B, Chen J, Chi J, Wei K, Liu J, Liu Z, Ma J, Dong N, Liu J. Modulation of anti-cardiac fibrosis immune responses by changing M2 macrophages into M1 macrophages. Mol Med 2024; 30:88. [PMID: 38879491 PMCID: PMC11179216 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-00858-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages play a crucial role in the development of cardiac fibrosis (CF). Although our previous studies have shown that glycogen metabolism plays an important role in macrophage inflammatory phenotype, the role and mechanism of modifying macrophage phenotype by regulating glycogen metabolism and thereby improving CF have not been reported. METHODS Here, we took glycogen synthetase kinase 3β (GSK3β) as the target and used its inhibitor NaW to enhance macrophage glycogen metabolism, transform M2 phenotype into anti-fibrotic M1 phenotype, inhibit fibroblast activation into myofibroblasts, and ultimately achieve the purpose of CF treatment. RESULTS NaW increases the pH of macrophage lysosome through transmembrane protein 175 (TMEM175) and caused the release of Ca2+ through the lysosomal Ca2+ channel mucolipin-2 (Mcoln2). At the same time, the released Ca2+ activates TFEB, which promotes glucose uptake by M2 and further enhances glycogen metabolism. NaW transforms the M2 phenotype into the anti-fibrotic M1 phenotype, inhibits fibroblasts from activating myofibroblasts, and ultimately achieves the purpose of treating CF. CONCLUSION Our data indicate the possibility of modifying macrophage phenotype by regulating macrophage glycogen metabolism, suggesting a potential macrophage-based immunotherapy against CF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Kan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhengfeng Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Tingwen Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bingxia Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jiangyang Chi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Keke Wei
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jincheng Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zongtao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jingwei Ma
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Nianguo Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Junwei Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cen J, Hu N, Shen J, Gao Y, Lu H. Pathological Functions of Lysosomal Ion Channels in the Central Nervous System. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6565. [PMID: 38928271 PMCID: PMC11203704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are highly dynamic organelles that maintain cellular homeostasis and regulate fundamental cellular processes by integrating multiple metabolic pathways. Lysosomal ion channels such as TRPML1-3, TPC1/2, ClC6/7, CLN7, and TMEM175 mediate the flux of Ca2+, Cl-, Na+, H+, and K+ across lysosomal membranes in response to osmotic stimulus, nutrient-dependent signals, and cellular stresses. These ion channels serve as the crucial transducers of cell signals and are essential for the regulation of lysosomal biogenesis, motility, membrane contact site formation, and lysosomal homeostasis. In terms of pathophysiology, genetic variations in these channel genes have been associated with the development of lysosomal storage diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, and cancer. This review aims to discuss the current understanding of the role of these ion channels in the central nervous system and to assess their potential as drug targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yongjing Gao
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (J.C.); (N.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Huanjun Lu
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (J.C.); (N.H.); (J.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhang Y, Du Y, Liao K, Peng T. Modular development of organelle-targeting fluorescent probes for imaging formaldehyde in live cells. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:3646-3653. [PMID: 38738568 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00360h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA) is endogenously generated via fundamental biological processes in living systems. Aberrant FA homeostasis in subcellular microenvironments is implicated in numerous pathological conditions. Fluorescent probes for detecting FA in specific organelles are thus of great research interest. Herein, we present a modular strategy to construct diverse organelle-targeting FA probes by incorporating selective organelle-targeting moieties into the scaffold of a 1,8-naphthalimide-derived FA fluorescent probe. These probes react with FA through the 2-aza-Cope arrangement and exhibit highly selective fluorescence increases for detecting FA in aqueous solutions. Moreover, these organelle-targeting probes, i.e., FFP551-Nuc, FFP551-ER, FFP551-Mito, and FFP551-Lyso, allow selective localization and imaging of FA in the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and lysosomes of live mammalian cells, respectively. Furthermore, FFP551-Nuc has been successfully employed to monitor changes of endogenous FA levels in the nucleus of live mammalian cells. Overall, these probes should represent new imaging tools for studying the biology and pathology associated with FA in different intracellular compartments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Yimeng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Kongke Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Tao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhao H, Guo J, Huai J, Li R, Han H, Huang X, Jiang Y, Shuang S. A novel pH-sensitive hemi-cyanine containing tetrahydropyridine ring near-infrared fluorescence probe with lysosome-targeting ability. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 314:124162. [PMID: 38522377 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, hemi-cyanine dyes have been widely used as biological probes due to their red-light emission characteristics and high fluorescence quantum yield. In this study, we synthesized a novel hemi-cyanine dye containing a tetrahydropyridine ring. A lysosomal target was introduced into its structure to create a new pH-sensitive near-infrared fluorescent probe that successfully targeted lysosomes. The results showed that when the probe solution was excited at the absorption wavelength of 650 nm, its fluorescence emission wavelength was about 700 nm, and the peak intensity changed with different pH values in a wide range. Therefore, this probe enabled non-invasive detection of changes in the acidic environment of lysosomes in living organisms and showed good imaging capabilities. Moreover, the probe displays high sensitivity and good stability. The theoretical calculation of a probe structure has also been completed to discuss the relationship between structure and property.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| | - Jingrong Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Jiameng Huai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Ruyue Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Hui Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Shanxi Science and Technology Resources and Large-Scale Instrument Open-Sharing Center, Taiyuan, 03006, China
| | - Yuna Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Fang Y, Feng H, Zhang B, Zhang S, Zhou Y, Hao P, Zhou Z, Zhou S, Li N, Hui Y, Ma L, Xiong J, Wu J, Liu L, Zhang X. Cytosolic pH is a direct nexus in linking environmental cues with insulin processing and secretion in pancreatic β cells. Cell Metab 2024; 36:1237-1251.e4. [PMID: 38513648 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic β cells actively respond to glucose fluctuations through regulating insulin processing and secretion. However, how this process is elaborately tuned in circumstance of variable microenvironments as well as β cell-intrinsic states and whether its dysfunction links to metabolic diseases remain largely elusive. Here, we show that the cytosolic pH (pHc) in β cells is increased upon glucose challenge, which can be sensed by Smad5 via its nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. Lesion of Smad5 in β cells results in hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance due to insulin processing and secretion deficiency. The role of Smad5 in regulating insulin processing and secretion attributes to its non-canonical function by regulating V-ATPase activity for granule acidification. Genetic mutation of Smad5 or administration of alkaline water to mirror cytosolic alkalization ameliorated glucose intolerance in high-fat diet (HFD)-treated mice. Collectively, our findings suggest that pHc is a direct nexus in linking environmental cues with insulin processing and secretion in β cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujiang Fang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hexi Feng
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjie Zhou
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengcheng Hao
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongshu Zhou
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Li
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Hui
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjin Wu
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Clinical Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Research, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Xu Q, Xi Y, Wang L, Xu M, Ruan T, Du Z, Jiang C, Cao J, Zhu X, Wang X, Yang B, Liu J. In situ self-referenced intracellular two-electrode system for enhanced accuracy in single-cell analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 253:116173. [PMID: 38432075 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Since the emergence of single-cell electroanalysis, the two-electrode system has become the predominant electrochemical system for real-time behavioral analysis of single-cell and multicellular populations. However, due to the transmembrane placement of the two electrodes, cellular activities can be interrupted by the transmembrane potentials, and the test results are susceptible to influences from factors such as intracellular solution, membrane, and bulk solution. These limitations impede the advancement of single-cell analysis. Here, we propose a highly miniaturized and integrated in situ self-referenced intracellular two-electrode system (IS-SRITES), wherein both the working and reference electrodes are positioned inside the cell. Additionally, we demonstrated the stability (0.28 mV/h) of the solid-contact in situ Ag/AgCl reference electrode and the ability of the system to conduct standard electrochemical testing in a wide pH range (pH 6.0-8.0). Cell experiments confirmed the non-destructive performance of the electrode system towards cells and its capacity for real-time monitoring of intra- and extracellular pH values. Moreover, through equivalent circuits, finite element simulations, and drug delivery experiments, we illustrated that the IS-SRITES can yield more accurate test results and exhibit enhanced resistance to interference from the extracellular environment. Our proposed system holds the potential to enable the precise detection of intracellular substances and optimize the existing model of the electrode system for intracellular signal detection, thereby spearheading advancements in single-cell analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingda Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ye Xi
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Longchun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Mengfei Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Tao Ruan
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhiyuan Du
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chunpeng Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jiawei Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiantao Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Bin Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jingquan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Theparambil SM, Begum G, Rose CR. pH regulating mechanisms of astrocytes: A critical component in physiology and disease of the brain. Cell Calcium 2024; 120:102882. [PMID: 38631162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Strict homeostatic control of pH in both intra- and extracellular compartments of the brain is fundamentally important, primarily due to the profound impact of free protons ([H+]) on neuronal activity and overall brain function. Astrocytes, crucial players in the homeostasis of various ions in the brain, actively regulate their intracellular [H+] (pHi) through multiple membrane transporters and carbonic anhydrases. The activation of astroglial pHi regulating mechanisms also leads to corresponding alterations in the acid-base status of the extracellular fluid. Notably, astrocyte pH regulators are modulated by various neuronal signals, suggesting their pivotal role in regulating brain acid-base balance in both health and disease. This review presents the mechanisms involved in pH regulation in astrocytes and discusses their potential impact on extracellular pH under physiological conditions and in brain disorders. Targeting astrocytic pH regulatory mechanisms represents a promising therapeutic approach for modulating brain acid-base balance in diseases, offering a potential critical contribution to neuroprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shefeeq M Theparambil
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Department of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, Lancaster, UK.
| | - Gulnaz Begum
- Department of Neurology, The Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Christine R Rose
- Institute of Neurobiology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Shoup D, Priola SA. Grp78 destabilization of infectious prions is strain-specific and modified by multiple factors including accessory chaperones and pH. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107346. [PMID: 38718859 PMCID: PMC11176782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Lethal neurodegenerative prion diseases result from the continuous accumulation of infectious and variably protease-resistant prion protein aggregates (PrPD) which are misfolded forms of the normally detergent soluble and protease-sensitive cellular prion protein. Molecular chaperones like Grp78 have been found to reduce the accumulation of PrPD, but how different cellular environments and other chaperones influence the ability of Grp78 to modify PrPD is poorly understood. In this work, we investigated how pH and protease-mediated structural changes in PrPD from two mouse-adapted scrapie prion strains, 22L and 87V, influenced processing by Grp78 in the presence or absence of chaperones Hsp90, DnaJC1, and Stip1. We developed a cell-free in vitro system to monitor chaperone-mediated structural changes to, and disaggregation of, PrPD. For both strains, Grp78 was most effective at structurally altering PrPD at low pH, especially when additional chaperones were present. While Grp78, DnaJC1, Stip1, and Hsp90 were unable to disaggregate the majority of PrPD from either strain, pretreatment of PrPD with proteases increased disaggregation of 22L PrPD compared to 87V, indicating strain-specific differences in aggregate structure were impacting chaperone activity. Hsp90 also induced structural changes in 87V PrPD as indicated by an increase in the susceptibility of its n-terminus to proteases. Our data suggest that, while chaperones like Grp78, DnaJC1, Stip1, and Hsp90 disaggregate only a small fraction of PrPD, they may still facilitate its clearance by altering aggregate structure and sensitizing PrPD to proteases in a strain and pH-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Shoup
- Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Laboratory of Neurological Infections and Immunity, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA.
| | - Suzette A Priola
- Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Laboratory of Neurological Infections and Immunity, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Helgoe J, Davy SK, Weis VM, Rodriguez-Lanetty M. Triggers, cascades, and endpoints: connecting the dots of coral bleaching mechanisms. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:715-752. [PMID: 38217089 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The intracellular coral-dinoflagellate symbiosis is the engine that underpins the success of coral reefs, one of the most diverse ecosystems on the planet. However, the breakdown of the symbiosis and the loss of the microalgal symbiont (i.e. coral bleaching) due to environmental changes are resulting in the rapid degradation of coral reefs globally. There is an urgent need to understand the cellular physiology of coral bleaching at the mechanistic level to help develop solutions to mitigate the coral reef crisis. Here, at an unprecedented scope, we present novel models that integrate putative mechanisms of coral bleaching within a common framework according to the triggers (initiators of bleaching, e.g. heat, cold, light stress, hypoxia, hyposalinity), cascades (cellular pathways, e.g. photoinhibition, unfolded protein response, nitric oxide), and endpoints (mechanisms of symbiont loss, e.g. apoptosis, necrosis, exocytosis/vomocytosis). The models are supported by direct evidence from cnidarian systems, and indirectly through comparative evolutionary analyses from non-cnidarian systems. With this approach, new putative mechanisms have been established within and between cascades initiated by different bleaching triggers. In particular, the models provide new insights into the poorly understood connections between bleaching cascades and endpoints and highlight the role of a new mechanism of symbiont loss, i.e. 'symbiolysosomal digestion', which is different from symbiophagy. This review also increases the approachability of bleaching physiology for specialists and non-specialists by mapping the vast landscape of bleaching mechanisms in an atlas of comprehensible and detailed mechanistic models. We then discuss major knowledge gaps and how future research may improve the understanding of the connections between the diverse cascade of cellular pathways and the mechanisms of symbiont loss (endpoints).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Helgoe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, OE 167, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Simon K Davy
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Virginia M Weis
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, 2701 SW Campus Way, 2403 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Mauricio Rodriguez-Lanetty
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, OE 167, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Michler S, Schöffmann FA, Robaa D, Volmer J, Hinderberger D. Fatty acid binding to the human transport proteins FABP3, FABP4, and FABP5 from a Ligand's perspective. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107396. [PMID: 38777142 PMCID: PMC11231610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are a family of amphiphilic transport proteins with high diversity in terms of their amino acid sequences and binding preferences. Beyond their main biological role as cytosolic fatty acid transporters, many aspects regarding their binding mechanism and functional specializations in human cells remain unclear. In this work, the binding properties and thermodynamics of FABP3, FABP4, and FABP5 were analyzed under various physical conditions. For this purpose, the FABPs were loaded with fatty acids bearing fluorescence or spin probes as model ligands, comparing their binding affinities via microscale thermophoresis (MST) and continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance (CW EPR) spectroscopy. The CW EPR spectra of non-covalently bound 5- and 16-DOXYL stearic acid (5/16-DSA) deliver in-depth information about the dynamics and chemical environments of ligands inside the binding pockets of the FABPs. EPR spectral simulations allow the construction of binding curves, revealing two different binding states ('intermediately' and 'strongly' bound). The proportion of bound 5/16-DSA depends strongly on the FABP concentration and the temperature but with remarkable differences between the three isoforms. Additionally, the more dynamic state ('intermediately bound') seems to dominate at body temperature with thermodynamic preference. The ligand binding studies were supplemented by aggregation studies via dynamic light scattering and bioinformatic analyses. Beyond the remarkably fine-tuned binding properties exhibited by each FABP, which were discernible with our EPR-centered approach, the results of this work attest to the power of simple spectroscopic experiments to provide new insights into the ligand binding mechanisms of proteins in general on a molecular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Michler
- Physical Chemistry - Complex Self-Organizing Systems, Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Florian Arndt Schöffmann
- Physical Chemistry - Complex Self-Organizing Systems, Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dina Robaa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jonas Volmer
- Physical Chemistry - Complex Self-Organizing Systems, Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dariush Hinderberger
- Physical Chemistry - Complex Self-Organizing Systems, Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Choi Y, Seok SH, Yoon HY, Ryu JH, Kwon IC. Advancing cancer immunotherapy through siRNA-based gene silencing for immune checkpoint blockade. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 209:115306. [PMID: 38626859 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy represents a revolutionary strategy, leveraging the patient's immune system to inhibit tumor growth and alleviate the immunosuppressive effects of the tumor microenvironment (TME). The recent emergence of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies, particularly following the first approval of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors like ipilimumab, has led to significant growth in cancer immunotherapy. The extensive explorations on diverse immune checkpoint antibodies have broadened the therapeutic scope for various malignancies. However, the clinical response to these antibody-based ICB therapies remains limited, with less than 15% responsiveness and notable adverse effects in some patients. This review introduces the emerging strategies to overcome current limitations of antibody-based ICB therapies, mainly focusing on the development of small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)-based ICB therapies and innovative delivery systems. We firstly highlight the diverse target immune checkpoint genes for siRNA-based ICB therapies, incorporating silencing of multiple genes to boost anti-tumor immune responses. Subsequently, we discuss improvements in siRNA delivery systems, enhanced by various nanocarriers, aimed at overcoming siRNA's clinical challenges such as vulnerability to enzymatic degradation, inadequate pharmacokinetics, and possible unintended target interactions. Additionally, the review presents various combination therapies that integrate chemotherapy, phototherapy, stimulatory checkpoints, ICB antibodies, and cancer vaccines. The important point is that when used in combination with siRNA-based ICB therapy, the synergistic effect of traditional therapies is strengthened, improving host immune surveillance and therapeutic outcomes. Conclusively, we discuss the insights into innovative and effective cancer immunotherapeutic strategies based on RNA interference (RNAi) technology utilizing siRNA and nanocarriers as a novel approach in ICB cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youngjin Choi
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hyun Seok
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Yeol Yoon
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science &Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Ryu
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ick Chan Kwon
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kromer C, Katz A, Feldmann I, Laux P, Luch A, Tschiche HR. A targeted fluorescent nanosensor for ratiometric pH sensing at the cell surface. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12302. [PMID: 38811698 PMCID: PMC11137054 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62976-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The correlation between altered extracellular pH and various pathological conditions, including cancer, inflammation and metabolic disorders, is well known. Bulk pH measurements cannot report the extracellular pH value at the cell surface. However, there is a limited number of suitable tools for measuring the extracellular pH of cells with high spatial resolution, and none of them are commonly used in laboratories around the world. In this study, a versatile ratiometric nanosensor for the measurement of extracellular pH was developed. The nanosensor consists of biocompatible polystyrene nanoparticles loaded with the pH-inert reference dye Nile red and is surface functionalized with a pH-responsive fluorescein dye. Equipped with a targeting moiety, the nanosensor can adhere to cell membranes, allowing direct measurement of extracellular pH at the cell surface. The nanosensor exhibits a sensitive ratiometric pH response within the range of 5.5-9.0, with a calculated pKa of 7.47. This range optimally covers the extracellular pH (pHe) of most healthy cells and cells in which the pHe is abnormal, such as cancer cells. In combination with the nanosensors ability to target cell membranes, its high robustness, reversibility and its biocompatibility, the pHe nanosensor proves to be well suited for in-situ measurement of extracellular pH, even over extended time periods. This pH nanosensor has the potential to advance biomedical research by improving our understanding of cellular microenvironments, where extracellular pH plays an important role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Kromer
- Product Materials and Nanotechnology, Department Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Aaron Katz
- Product Materials and Nanotechnology, Department Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ines Feldmann
- Material-Microbiome Interactions, Department Materials and the Environment, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Laux
- Product Materials and Nanotechnology, Department Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- Product Materials and Nanotechnology, Department Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Harald R Tschiche
- Product Materials and Nanotechnology, Department Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lin Z, Zhang Y, Ding L, Wang XD. Ultraphotostable Phosphorescent Nanosensors for Sensing the Lysosomal pH at the Single-Cell Level over Long Durations. Anal Chem 2024; 96:8622-8629. [PMID: 38717175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Ultraphotostable phosphorescent nanosensors have been designed for continuously sensing the lysosome pH over a long duration. The nanosensors exhibited excellent photostability, high accuracy, and capability to measure pH values during cell proliferation for up to 7 days. By arranging a metal-ligand complex of long phosphorescence lifetime and pH indicator in silica nanoparticles, we discover efficient Förster resonance energy transfer, which converts the pH-responsive UV-vis absorption signal of the pH indicator into a phosphorescent signal. Both the phosphorescent intensity and lifetime change at different pH values, and intracellular pH values can be accurately measured by our custom-built rapid phosphorescent lifetime imaging microscopy. The excellent photostability, high accuracy, and good biocompatibility prove that these nanosensors are a useful tool for tracing the fluctuation of pH values during endocytosis. The methodology can be easily adapted to design new nanosensors with different pKa or for different kinds of intracellular ions, as there are hundreds of pH and ion indicators readily available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yinglu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Longjiang Ding
- Department of Chemistry and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Dong Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Booth E, Garre M, Wu D, Daly HC, O’Shea DF. A NIR-Fluorochrome for Live Cell Dual Emission and Lifetime Tracking from the First Plasma Membrane Interaction to Subcellular and Extracellular Locales. Molecules 2024; 29:2474. [PMID: 38893352 PMCID: PMC11174088 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Molecular probes with the ability to differentiate between subcellular variations in acidity levels remain important for the investigation of dynamic cellular processes and functions. In this context, a series of cyclic peptide and PEG bio-conjugated dual near-infrared emissive BF2-azadipyrromethene fluorophores with maxima emissions at 720 nm (at pH > 6) and 790 nm (at pH < 5) have been developed and their aqueous solution photophysical properties determined. Their inter-converting emissions and fluorescence lifetime characteristics were exploited to track their spatial and temporal progression from first contact with the plasma membrane to subcellular locales to their release within extracellular vesicles. A pH-dependent reversible phenolate/phenol interconversion on the fluorophore controlled the dynamic changes in dual emission responses and corresponding lifetime changes. Live-cell confocal microscopy experiments in the metastatic breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 confirmed the usability of the dual emissive properties for imaging over prolonged periods. All three derivatives performed as probes capable of real-time continuous imaging of fundamental cellular processes such as plasma membrane interaction, tracking endocytosis, lysosomal/large acidic vesicle accumulation, and efflux within extracellular vesicles without perturbing cellular function. Furthermore, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy provided valuable insights regarding fluorophore progression through intracellular microenvironments over time. Overall, the unique photophysical properties of these fluorophores show excellent potential for their use as information-rich probes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Donal F. O’Shea
- Department of Chemistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kisor KP, Ruiz DG, Jacobson MP, Barber DL. A role for pH dynamics regulating transcription factor DNA binding selectivity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.21.595212. [PMID: 38826444 PMCID: PMC11142074 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.21.595212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Intracellular pH (pHi) dynamics regulates diverse cell processes such as proliferation, dysplasia, and differentiation, often mediated by the protonation state of a functionally critical histidine residue in endogenous pH sensing proteins. How pHi dynamics can directly regulate gene expression and whether transcription factors can function as pH sensors has received limited attention. We tested the prediction that transcription factors with a histidine in their DNA binding domain (DBD) that forms hydrogen bonds with nucleotides can have pH-regulated activity, which is relevant to more than 85 transcription factors in distinct families, including FOX, KLF, SOX and MITF/Myc. Focusing on FOX family transcription factors, we used unbiased SELEX-seq to identify pH-dependent DNA binding motif preferences, then confirm pH-regulated binding affinities for FOXC2, FOXM1, and FOXN1 to a canonical FkhP DNA motif that are 2.5 to 7.5 greater at pH 7.0 compared with pH 7.5. For FOXC2, we also find greater activity for an FkhP motif at lower pHi in cells and that pH-regulated binding and activity are dependent on a conserved histidine (His122) in the DBD. RNA-seq with FOXC2 also reveals pH-dependent differences in enriched promoter motifs. Our findings identify pH-regulated transcription factor-DNA binding selectivity with relevance to how pHi dynamics can regulate gene expression for myriad cell behaviours.
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhou S, Li A, Zhao L, Li Y, Xu X, Jin Y. Single-Cell Sensitive Colorimetric pH Detection Based on Microscope Ratiometric Grayscale. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:22240-22247. [PMID: 38799348 PMCID: PMC11112558 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate identification of the intracellular pH is critical in the field of biomedicine. In this work, we effectively identified and quantified the intracellular pH and its distribution at the single-cell level using an image sensor based on an ordinary bright-field optical microscope that divided the cell staining images into their red (R) and blue (B) channels. The grayscale of the R and B channels was subjected to a ratiometric operation to generate ratiometric grayscale cell images of the microscope. A standard curve of pH against ratiometric grayscale curve was then obtained by incubating HeLa cells at pH 6.00-7.60 in a high concentration K+ ion buffer solution containing nigericin for obtaining certain intracellular pH values. A good correlation was evidenced between pH and the ratiometric grayscale of the R and B channels in the pH range of 6.00-7.60. Subsequently, the intracellular pH value of the A549 cells under the experimental conditions was measured to be 7.22 ± 0.01 by the method. Furthermore, the changes in the intracellular pH of HeLa cells stimulated with hydrogen peroxide were sensitively monitored, which demonstrated the applicability of the method. Due to its ease of use, the developed colorimetric microscopy pH detection and monitoring method provide prospects for pH-related single-cell studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhou
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Carbon Peaking
and Carbon Neutralization, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Anqi Li
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Carbon Peaking
and Carbon Neutralization, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Linying Zhao
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Carbon Peaking
and Carbon Neutralization, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Yanwen Li
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Carbon Peaking
and Carbon Neutralization, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Carbon Peaking
and Carbon Neutralization, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Yongdong Jin
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging,
School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Chávez JC, Carrasquel-Martínez G, Hernández-Garduño S, Matamoros Volante A, Treviño CL, Nishigaki T, Darszon A. Cytosolic and Acrosomal pH Regulation in Mammalian Sperm. Cells 2024; 13:865. [PMID: 38786087 PMCID: PMC11120249 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
As in most cells, intracellular pH regulation is fundamental for sperm physiology. Key sperm functions like swimming, maturation, and a unique exocytotic process, the acrosome reaction, necessary for gamete fusion, are deeply influenced by pH. Sperm pH regulation, both intracellularly and within organelles such as the acrosome, requires a coordinated interplay of various transporters and channels, ensuring that this cell is primed for fertilization. Consistent with the pivotal importance of pH regulation in mammalian sperm physiology, several of its unique transporters are dependent on cytosolic pH. Examples include the Ca2+ channel CatSper and the K+ channel Slo3. The absence of these channels leads to male infertility. This review outlines the main transport elements involved in pH regulation, including cytosolic and acrosomal pH, that participate in these complex functions. We present a glimpse of how these transporters are regulated and how distinct sets of them are orchestrated to allow sperm to fertilize the egg. Much research is needed to begin to envision the complete set of players and the choreography of how cytosolic and organellar pH are regulated in each sperm function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julio C. Chávez
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico; (J.C.C.); (G.C.-M.)
| | - Gabriela Carrasquel-Martínez
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico; (J.C.C.); (G.C.-M.)
- CITMER, Medicina Reproductiva, México City 11520, Mexico
| | - Sandra Hernández-Garduño
- Departamento de Morfología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Arturo Matamoros Volante
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Claudia L. Treviño
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico; (J.C.C.); (G.C.-M.)
| | - Takuya Nishigaki
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico; (J.C.C.); (G.C.-M.)
| | - Alberto Darszon
- Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico; (J.C.C.); (G.C.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Schniererová K, Janeková H, Joniak J, Putala M, Štacko P, Stankovičová H. pH-Responsive Aminobenzocoumarins as Fluorescent Probes for Biological Acidity. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400111. [PMID: 38470944 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Regulation of pH plays an essential role in orchestrating the delicate cellular machinery responsible for life as we know it. Its abnormal values are indicative of aberrant cellular behavior and associated with pathologies including cancer progression or solid tumors. Here, we report a series of bent and linear aminobenzocoumarins decorated with different substituents. We investigate their photophysical properties and demonstrate that the probes display strong pH-responsive fluorescence "turn on" behavior in highly acidic environments, with enhancement up to 300-fold. In combination with their low cytotoxicity, this behavior enabled their application in bioimaging of acidic lysosomes in live human cells. We believe that these molecules serve as attractive lead structures for future rational design of novel biocompatible fluorescent pH probes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Schniererová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Hana Janeková
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Wintherthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jakub Joniak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Putala
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Štacko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Wintherthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Henrieta Stankovičová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842 15, Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hashemzadeh T, Christofferson AJ, White KF, Barnard PJ. Experimental and theoretical studies of pH-responsive iridium(III) complexes of azole and N-heterocyclic carbene ligands. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:8478-8493. [PMID: 38687288 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03766e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
A series of nine luminescent iridium(III) complexes with pH-responsive imidazole and benzimidazole ligands have been prepared and characterized. The first series of complexes were of the form [Ir(ppy)2(N^N)]+ or [Ir(ppy)2(C^N)]+ (where ppy is 2-phenylpyridine and N^N is 2-(2-pyridyl)imidazole or 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole and C^N represents a pyridyl-triazolylidene-based N-heterocyclic carbene ligand). For these complexes, the benzimidazole group was either unsubstituted or substituted with electron-withdrawing (Cl) or electron-donating (Me) groups. The second series of complexes were of the form [Ir(phbim)2(N^N)]+ or [Ir(phbim)2(C^N)]+ (where phbim is 2-phenylbenzimidazole and N^N is either 2,2'-bipyridine or 1,10-phenanthroline and C^N is either a pyridyl-imidazolylidene or pyridyl-triazolylidene N-heterocyclic carbene ligand). UV-visible and photoluminescence pH titration studies showed that changing the protonation state of these complexes results in significant changes in the photoluminescence emission properties. The pKa values of prepared complexes were estimated from the spectroscopic pH titration data and these values show that the nature of the pH-sensitive ligands (either main or ancillary ligands) resulted in a significant capacity to modulate the pKa values for these compounds with values ranging from 5.19-11.22. Theoretical investigations into the nature of the electronic transitions for the different protonation states of compounds were performed and the results were consistent with the experimental results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahmineh Hashemzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
| | - Andrew J Christofferson
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Keith F White
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
| | - Peter J Barnard
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|