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Kos P, Baumann O. Spatial arrangement, polarity, and posttranslational modifications of the microtubule system in the Drosophila eye. Cell Tissue Res 2024:10.1007/s00441-024-03914-6. [PMID: 39152365 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-024-03914-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
We have analyzed the organization of the microtubule system in photoreceptor cells and pigment cells within the adult Drosophila compound eye. Immunofluorescence localization of tubulin and of Short stop, a spectraplakin that has been reported to be involved in the anchorage of microtubule minus ends at the membrane, suggests the presence of non-centrosomal microtubule-organizing centers at the distal tip of the visual cells. Ultrastructural analyses confirm that microtubules emanate from membrane-associated plaques at the site of contact with cone cells and that all microtubules are aligned in distal-proximal direction within the photoreceptor cells. Determination of microtubule polarities demonstrated that about 95% of the microtubules in photoreceptor cells are oriented with their plus end in the direction of the synapse. Pigment cells in the eye contain only microtubules aligned in distal-proximal direction, with their plus end pointing towards the retinal floor. There, two populations of microtubules can be distinguished, single microtubules and bundled microtubules, the latter associated with actin filaments. Whereas microtubules in both photoreceptor cells and pigment cells are acetylated and mono/bi-glutamylated on α-tubulin, bundled microtubules in pigment cells are apparently also mono/bi-glutamylated on β-tubulin, providing the possibility of binding different microtubule-associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kos
- Unit of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Otto Baumann
- Unit of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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2
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Zhou J, Liu X, Zhang D, Ma G. Genetically Encoded Microtubule Binders for Single-Cell Interrogation of Cytoskeleton Dynamics and Protein Activity. ACS Sens 2024. [PMID: 39147600 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c01167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Microtubule (MT) dynamics is tightly regulated by microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) and various post-translational modifications (PTMs) of tubulin. Here, we introduce OligoMT and OligoTIP as genetically encoded oligomeric MT binders designed for real-time visualization and manipulation of MT behaviors within living cells. OligoMT acts as a reliable marker to label the MT cytoskeleton, while OligoTIP allows for live monitoring of the growing MT plus-ends. These engineered MT binders have been successfully utilized to label the MT network, monitor cell division, track MT plus-ends, and assess the effect of tubulin acetylation on the MT stability at the single-cell level. Moreover, OligoMT and OligoTIP can be repurposed as biosensors for quantitative assessment of drug actions and for reporting enzymatic activity. Overall, these engineered MT binders hold promise for advancing the mechanistic dissection of MT biology and have translational applications in cell-based high-throughput drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Zhou
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Xiaoxuan Liu
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Dekai Zhang
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Guolin Ma
- ORBIT Platform, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
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3
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Zhu H, Li M, Li M, Li X, Ou G. Cryo-electron tomography elucidates annular intraluminal configurations in Caenorhabditis elegans microtubules. Biol Cell 2024:e2400064. [PMID: 39031999 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202400064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND INFORMATION Microtubules serve as integral components in cellular operations such as cell division, intracellular trafficking, and cellular architecture. Composed of tubulin protein subunits, these hollow tubular structures have been increasingly elucidated through advanced cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM), which has unveiled the presence of microtubule inner proteins (MIPs) within the microtubular lumen. RESULTS In the present investigation, we employ a synergistic approach incorporating high-pressure freezing, cryo-focused ion beam milling, and Cryo-electron tomography (Cryo-ET) to interrogate the in situ architecture of microtubules in Caenorhabditis elegans larvae. Our Cryo-ET assessments across neuronal cilia and diverse tissue types consistently demonstrate the formation of annular configurations within the microtubular lumen. CONCLUSIONS In concert with recently characterized MIPs, our in situ observations within a living organism corroborate the hypothesis that intricate luminal assemblages exist within microtubule scaffolds. These findings necessitate further exploration into the molecular constituents and functional ramifications of these internal microtubular configurations in both cellular physiology and pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Li
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Meijing Li
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueming Li
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangshuo Ou
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences and MOE Key Laboratory for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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4
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Gagnon J, Caron V, Tremblay A. SUMOylation of nuclear receptor Nor1/NR4A3 coordinates microtubule cytoskeletal dynamics and stability in neuronal cells. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:91. [PMID: 38997783 PMCID: PMC11245793 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01273-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nor1/NR4A3 is a member of the NR4A subfamily of nuclear receptors that play essential roles in regulating gene expression related to development, cell homeostasis and neurological functions. However, Nor1 is still considered an orphan receptor, as its natural ligand remains unclear for mediating transcriptional activation. Yet other activation signals may modulate Nor1 activity, although their precise role in the development and maintenance of the nervous system remains elusive. METHODS We used transcriptional reporter assays, gene expression profiling, protein turnover measurement, and cell growth assays to assess the functional relevance of Nor1 and SUMO-defective variants in neuronal cells. SUMO1 and SUMO2 conjugation to Nor1 were assessed by immunoprecipitation. Tubulin stability was determined by acetylation and polymerization assays, and live-cell fluorescent microscopy. RESULTS Here, we demonstrate that Nor1 undergoes SUMO1 conjugation at Lys-89 within a canonical ψKxE SUMOylation motif, contributing to the complex pattern of Nor1 SUMOylation, which also includes Lys-137. Disruption of Lys-89, thereby preventing SUMO1 conjugation, led to reduced Nor1 transcriptional competence and protein stability, as well as the downregulation of genes involved in cell growth and metabolism, such as ENO3, EN1, and CFLAR, and in microtubule cytoskeleton dynamics, including MAP2 and MAPT, which resulted in reduced survival of neuronal cells. Interestingly, Lys-89 SUMOylation was potentiated in response to nocodazole, a microtubule depolymerizing drug, although this was insufficient to rescue cells from microtubule disruption despite enhanced Nor1 gene expression. Instead, Lys-89 deSUMOylation reduced the expression of microtubule-severing genes like KATNA1, SPAST, and FIGN, and enhanced α-tubulin cellular levels, acetylation, and microfilament organization, promoting microtubule stability and resistance to nocodazole. These effects contrasted with Lys-137 SUMOylation, suggesting distinct regulatory mechanisms based on specific Nor1 input SUMOylation signals. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides novel insights into Nor1 transcriptional signaling competence and identifies a hierarchical mechanism whereby selective Nor1 SUMOylation may govern neuronal cytoskeleton network dynamics and resistance against microtubule disturbances, a condition strongly associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Gagnon
- Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Côte Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Véronique Caron
- Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Côte Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - André Tremblay
- Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Côte Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1C5, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada.
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, J2S 7C6, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada.
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Kubo T, Sasaki R, Oda T. Tubulin glycylation controls ciliary motility through modulation of outer-arm dyneins. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar90. [PMID: 38758663 PMCID: PMC11244163 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e24-04-0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Tubulins undergo several kinds of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) including glutamylation and glycylation. The contribution of these PTMs to the motilities of cilia and flagella is still unclear. Here, we investigated the role of tubulin glycylation by examining a novel Chlamydomonas mutant lacking TTLL3, an enzyme responsible for initiating glycylation. Immunostaining of cells and flagella revealed that glycylation is only restricted to the axonemal tubulin composing the outer-doublet but not the central-pair microtubules. Furthermore, the flagellar localization of TTLL3 was found to be dependent on intraflagellar transport. The mutant, ttll3(ex5), completely lacks glycylation and consequently exhibits slower swimming velocity compared with the wild-type strain. By combining the ttll3(ex5) mutation with multiple axonemal dynein-deficient mutants, we found that the lack of glycylation does not affect the motility of the outer-arm dynein lacking mutations. Sliding disintegration assay using isolated axonemes revealed that the lack of glycylation decreases microtubule sliding velocity in the normal axoneme but not in the axoneme lacking the outerarm dyneins. Based on our recent study that glycylation occurs exclusively on β-tubulin in Chlamydomonas, these findings suggest that tubulin glycylation controls flagellar motility through modulating outer-arm dyneins, presumably by neutralizing the negative charges of glutamate residues at the C-terminus region of β-tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Kubo
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Rinka Sasaki
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Oda
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
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Liu H, Welburn JPI. A circle of life: platelet and megakaryocyte cytoskeleton dynamics in health and disease. Open Biol 2024; 14:240041. [PMID: 38835242 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.240041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelets are blood cells derived from megakaryocytes that play a central role in regulating haemostasis and vascular integrity. The microtubule cytoskeleton of megakaryocytes undergoes a critical dynamic reorganization during cycles of endomitosis and platelet biogenesis. Quiescent platelets have a discoid shape maintained by a marginal band composed of microtubule bundles, which undergoes remarkable remodelling during platelet activation, driving shape change and platelet function. Disrupting or enhancing this process can cause platelet dysfunction such as bleeding disorders or thrombosis. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the reorganization of the cytoskeleton in the platelet lineage. Recent studies indicate that the emergence of a unique platelet tubulin code and specific pathogenic tubulin mutations cause platelet defects and bleeding disorders. Frequently, these mutations exhibit dominant negative effects, offering valuable insights into both platelet disease mechanisms and the functioning of tubulins. This review will highlight our current understanding of the role of the microtubule cytoskeleton in the life and death of platelets, along with its relevance to platelet disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Liu
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Julie P I Welburn
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
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Ma C, Ruan H, Cheng H, Xu Z, Wu C, Liang D, Xiang H, Cao Y, Ding Z. Triphenyltin chloride exposure inhibits meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes by disrupting cytoskeleton assembly and cell cycle progression. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 98:105834. [PMID: 38657713 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2024.105834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Triphenyltin chloride (TPTCL) is widely used in various industrial and agricultural applications. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the toxicological effects of TPTCL on oocytes. The obtained findings revealed that TPTCL exposure reduced polar body extrusion (PBE) and induced meiotic arrest. Mechanistically, TPTCL disrupted meiotic spindle assembly and chromosome alignment. Further analysis indicated a significant decrease in p-MAPK expression, and disturbances in the localization of Pericentrin and p-Aurora A in TPTCL exposed oocytes, which suggesting impaired microtubule organizing center (MTOC)function. Moreover, TPTCL exposure enhance microtubule acetylation and microtubule instability. Therefore, the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) remained activated, and the activity of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) was inhibited, thereby preventing oocytes from progressing into the entering anaphase I (AI) stage. TPTCL exposure also augmented the actin filaments in the cytoplasm. Notably, mitochondrial function appeared unaffected by TPTCL, as evidenced indicated by stable mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP content. Furthermore, TPTCL treatment altered H3K27me2, H3K27me3 and H3K9me3 levels, suggesting changes in epigenetic modifications in oocytes. Taken together, our results suggest that TPTCL disrupts cytoskeleton assembly, continuously activates SAC, inhibits APC activity, and blocks meiotic progression, ultimately impair oocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Hongzhen Ruan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Huiru Cheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zuying Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Caiyun Wu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Dan Liang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Huifen Xiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China.
| | - Yunxia Cao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China.
| | - Zhiming Ding
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, No.81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China; Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China.
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Bak J, Brummelkamp TR, Perrakis A. Decoding microtubule detyrosination: enzyme families, structures, and functional implications. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1453-1464. [PMID: 38811347 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Microtubules are a major component of the cytoskeleton and can accumulate a plethora of modifications. The microtubule detyrosination cycle is one of these modifications; it involves the enzymatic removal of the C-terminal tyrosine of α-tubulin on assembled microtubules and the re-ligation of tyrosine on detyrosinated tubulin dimers. This modification cycle has been implicated in cardiac disease, neuronal development, and mitotic defects. The vasohibin and microtubule-associated tyrosine carboxypeptidase enzyme families are responsible for microtubule detyrosination. Their long-sought discovery allows to review and summarise differences and similarities between the two enzymes families and discuss how they interplay with other modifications and functions of the tubulin code.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitske Bak
- Oncode Institute and Division of Biochemistry, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thijn R Brummelkamp
- Oncode Institute and Division of Biochemistry, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anastassis Perrakis
- Oncode Institute and Division of Biochemistry, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Wu J, Sheng Y, Mai S, Zhong Y, Dai S, Luo Y, Sheng X. The function of the ATG8 in the cilia and cortical microtubule maintenance of Euplotes amieti. PROTOPLASMA 2024:10.1007/s00709-024-01957-8. [PMID: 38769089 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-024-01957-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy regulates the formation of primary cilia, which in turn affects autophagy. The relationship between autophagy and cilia is known to be bidirectional although the specific mechanisms involved have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we found for the first time that ATG8 protein localizes in the basal body of the dorsal kineties and the base of the ventral cirri in Euplotes amieti. ATG8 protein maintains the structural integrity of cilia and plays a role in the construction of the cortical ciliature and microtubule cytoskeleton associated with cilia. ATG8 gene interference leads to the degradation of IFT88, the transport protein in cilia, thus inhibiting the generation of cilia, and affecting the swing of cilia. This influences the swimming speed and cilia pattern, leading to death in Euplotes amieti.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlin Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Sheng
- Laboratory of Basic Medical Morphology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihuan Mai
- School of Medical Imaging, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhao Zhong
- School of Medical Imaging, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengrong Dai
- School of Medical Imaging, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yupeng Luo
- School of Medical Imaging, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Sheng
- Department of Biochemistry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, People's Republic of China.
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Wu S, Ran L, Zhang T, Li Y, Xu Y, Li Y, Liu H, Wang J. BdTTLL3B-mediated polyglycylation is involved in the spermatogenesis in Bactrocera dorsalis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131508. [PMID: 38604421 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Polyglycylation is a post-translational modification that generates glycine side chains in the C-terminal domains of both α- and β-tubulins. To date, the patterns and significance of polyglycylation across insect species remain largely unknown. The TTLL3B was thought to be a polyglycylase and be essential for polyglycylation in dipteran insects. In this study, the TTLL3B of Bactrocera dorsalis (BdTTLL3B) was identified and characterized. The BdTTLL3B expressed remarkably higher in adult males, especially in testes. The spatio-temporal patterns of polyglycylation were consistent with that of BdTTLL3B. Along with spermatogenesis, the intensity of polyglycylation was enhanced steadily and concentrated in elongated flagella. The expression of recombinant BdTTLL3B in Hela cells, which are genetically deficient in polyglycylation, catalyzed intracellular polyglycylation, validating the identity of BdTTLL3B as a polyglycylase. Knockout of BdTTLL3B significantly suppressed polyglycylation in testes and impaired male fertility, probably due to abnormal morphology of mitochondrial derivatives and over-accumulation of paracrystalline. Taken together, these findings indicated that the BdTTLL3B-mediated polyglycylation is involved in the spermatogenesis and play an important role in fertility of adult B. dorsalis. Therefore, the BdTTLL3B can be considered as a candidate target gene for the management of B. dorsalis, such as developing gene silencing/knockout-based sterile insect technology (SIT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunjiao Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agriculture Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lilin Ran
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agriculture Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Tongfang Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agriculture Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yonghong Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agriculture Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yaying Li
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agriculture Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Huai Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agriculture Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Jia Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Agriculture Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Vetter J, Lee M, Eichwald C. The Role of the Host Cytoskeleton in the Formation and Dynamics of Rotavirus Viroplasms. Viruses 2024; 16:668. [PMID: 38793550 PMCID: PMC11125917 DOI: 10.3390/v16050668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus (RV) replicates within viroplasms, membraneless electron-dense globular cytosolic inclusions with liquid-liquid phase properties. In these structures occur the virus transcription, replication, and packaging of the virus genome in newly assembled double-layered particles. The viroplasms are composed of virus proteins (NSP2, NSP5, NSP4, VP1, VP2, VP3, and VP6), single- and double-stranded virus RNAs, and host components such as microtubules, perilipin-1, and chaperonins. The formation, coalescence, maintenance, and perinuclear localization of viroplasms rely on their association with the cytoskeleton. A stabilized microtubule network involving microtubules and kinesin Eg5 and dynein molecular motors is associated with NSP5, NSP2, and VP2, facilitating dynamic processes such as viroplasm coalescence and perinuclear localization. Key post-translation modifications, particularly phosphorylation events of RV proteins NSP5 and NSP2, play pivotal roles in orchestrating these interactions. Actin filaments also contribute, triggering the formation of the viroplasms through the association of soluble cytosolic VP4 with actin and the molecular motor myosin. This review explores the evolving understanding of RV replication, emphasizing the host requirements essential for viroplasm formation and highlighting their dynamic interplay within the host cell.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Catherine Eichwald
- Institute of Virology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; (J.V.); (M.L.)
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Wang L, Yan M, Bu T, Wu X, Li L, Silvestrini B, Sun F, Cheng CY, Chen H. Map-1a regulates Sertoli cell BTB dynamics through the cytoskeletal organization of microtubule and F-actin. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2024; 22:36. [PMID: 38570783 PMCID: PMC10988971 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01204-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-associated protein 1a (Map1a) is a microtubule (MT) regulatory protein that binds to the MT protofilaments in mammalian cells to promote MT stabilization. Maps work with MT cleavage proteins and other MT catastrophe-inducing proteins to confer MT dynamics to support changes in the Sertoli cell shape to sustain spermatogenesis. However, no functional studies are found in the literature to probe its role in spermatogenesis. Using an RNAi approach, coupled with the use of toxicant-induced testis (in vivo)- and Sertoli cell (in vitro)-injury models, RNA-Seq analysis, transcriptome profiling, and relevant bioinformatics analysis, immunofluorescence analysis, and pertinent biochemical assays for cytoskeletal organization, we have delineated the functional role of Map1a in Sertoli cells and testes. Map1a was shown to support MT structural organization, and its knockdown (KD) also perturbed the structural organization of actin, vimentin, and septin cytoskeletons as these cytoskeletons are intimately related, working in concert to support spermatogenesis. More importantly, cadmium-induced Sertoli cell injury that perturbed the MT structural organization across the cell cytoplasm was associated with disruptive changes in the distribution of Map1a and a surge in p-p38-MAPK (phosphorylated p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase) expression but not total p38-MAPK. These findings thus support the notion that p-p38-MAPK activation is involved in cadmium-induced Sertoli cell injury. This conclusion was supported by studies using doramapimod, a specific p38-MAPK phosphorylation (activation) inhibitor, which was capable of restoring the cadmium-induced disruptive structural organization of MTs across the Sertoli cell cytoplasm. In summary: this study provides mechanistic insights regarding restoration of toxicant-induced Sertoli cell and testis injury and male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tiao Bu
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linxi Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325027, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bruno Silvestrini
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Rome La Sapienza, P. Le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Fei Sun
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - C Yan Cheng
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hao Chen
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Schijven D, Soheili-Nezhad S, Fisher SE, Francks C. Exome-wide analysis implicates rare protein-altering variants in human handedness. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2632. [PMID: 38565598 PMCID: PMC10987538 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46277-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Handedness is a manifestation of brain hemispheric specialization. Left-handedness occurs at increased rates in neurodevelopmental disorders. Genome-wide association studies have identified common genetic effects on handedness or brain asymmetry, which mostly involve variants outside protein-coding regions and may affect gene expression. Implicated genes include several that encode tubulins (microtubule components) or microtubule-associated proteins. Here we examine whether left-handedness is also influenced by rare coding variants (frequencies ≤ 1%), using exome data from 38,043 left-handed and 313,271 right-handed individuals from the UK Biobank. The beta-tubulin gene TUBB4B shows exome-wide significant association, with a rate of rare coding variants 2.7 times higher in left-handers than right-handers. The TUBB4B variants are mostly heterozygous missense changes, but include two frameshifts found only in left-handers. Other TUBB4B variants have been linked to sensorineural and/or ciliopathic disorders, but not the variants found here. Among genes previously implicated in autism or schizophrenia by exome screening, DSCAM and FOXP1 show evidence for rare coding variant association with left-handedness. The exome-wide heritability of left-handedness due to rare coding variants was 0.91%. This study reveals a role for rare, protein-altering variants in left-handedness, providing further evidence for the involvement of microtubules and disorder-relevant genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dick Schijven
- Language & Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sourena Soheili-Nezhad
- Language & Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Language & Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Clyde Francks
- Language & Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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14
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Zhu Y, Ma XY, Cui LG, Xu YR, Li CX, Talukder M, Li XN, Li JL. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induced lipophagy-related renal ferroptosis in quail (Coturnix japonica). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170724. [PMID: 38325449 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a synthetic chemical applied as a plasticizer. As an environmental toxicant, DEHP poses a serious health threat. Many studies have revealed that DEHP can cause lead to various degrees of damage to the kidney. However, the evidence of DEHP-induced renal ferroptosis has not been reported. The purpose of this work was to probe the specific role of lipophagy in DEHP-induced renal injury and to investigate the relationship between lipophagy and ferroptosis. Quail were treated with DEHP (250 mg/kg BW/day, 500 mg/kg BW/day and 750 mg/kg BW/day) for 45 days. Microstructural and ultrastructural observations showed that DEHP caused damage to glomerular and tubular cells, and autophagy with multilayer structures were observed, suggesting that DEHP can induce lipophagy. The results indicated that the iron homeostasis was abnormal and the lipid peroxidation was increased. SLC7A11 and SLC3A2 were down-regulated. PTGS2, ACSL4 and LPCAT3 were elevated. In conclusion, DEHP could induce lipid peroxidation, lead to ferroptosis, and damage renal cells. Therefore, the relationship between lipophagy and ferroptosis was elucidated, which provided a new basis for intervention and prevention of DEHP increased diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xiang-Yu Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Ling-Ge Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Ya-Ru Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Chen-Xi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Milton Talukder
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Barishal 8210, Bangladesh
| | - Xue-Nan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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15
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Chakraborty S, Sarma J, Roy SS, Mitra S, Bagchi S, Das S, Saha S, Mahapatra S, Bhattacharjee S, Maulik M, Acharya M. Post-GWAS functional analyses of CNTNAP5 suggests its role in glaucomatous neurodegeneration. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.14.583830. [PMID: 38903068 PMCID: PMC11188073 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.14.583830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) affects more than 20 million people worldwide, with an increased prevalence in south-east Asia. In a prior haplotype-based GWAS, we identified a novel CNTNAP5 genic region, significantly associated with PACG. In the current study, we have extended our perception of CNTNAP5 involvement in glaucomatous neurodegeneration in a zebrafish model, through investigating phenotypic consequences pertinent to retinal degeneration upon knockdown of cntnap5 by translation-blocking morpholinos. While cntnap5 knockdown was successfully validated using an antibody, immunofluorescence followed by western blot analyses in cntnap5-morphant (MO) zebrafish revealed increased expression of acetylated tubulin indicative of perturbed cytoarchitecture of retinal layers. Moreover, significant loss of Nissl substance is observed in the neuro-retinal layers of cntnap5-MO zebrafish eye, indicating neurodegeneration. Additionally, in spontaneous movement behavioural analysis, cntnap5-MO zebrafish have a significantly lower average distance traversed in light phase compared to mismatch-controls, whereas no significant difference was observed in the dark phase, corroborating with vision loss in the cntnap5-MO zebrafish. This study provides the first direct functional evidence of a putative role of CNTNAP5 in visual neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Chakraborty
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Fardiabad, India
| | - Jyotishman Sarma
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Fardiabad, India
| | - Shantanu Saha Roy
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
| | - Sukanya Mitra
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Fardiabad, India
| | - Sayani Bagchi
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
| | - Sankhadip Das
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
| | - Sreemoyee Saha
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
| | - Surajit Mahapatra
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
| | - Samsiddhi Bhattacharjee
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
| | - Mahua Maulik
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
| | - Moulinath Acharya
- Biotechnology Research Innovation Council-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), Kalyani, India
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16
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Mishra J, Chakraborty S, Niharika, Roy A, Manna S, Baral T, Nandi P, Patra SK. Mechanotransduction and epigenetic modulations of chromatin: Role of mechanical signals in gene regulation. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30531. [PMID: 38345428 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Mechanical forces may be generated within a cell due to tissue stiffness, cytoskeletal reorganization, and the changes (even subtle) in the cell's physical surroundings. These changes of forces impose a mechanical tension within the intracellular protein network (both cytosolic and nuclear). Mechanical tension could be released by a series of protein-protein interactions often facilitated by membrane lipids, lectins and sugar molecules and thus generate a type of signal to drive cellular processes, including cell differentiation, polarity, growth, adhesion, movement, and survival. Recent experimental data have accentuated the molecular mechanism of this mechanical signal transduction pathway, dubbed mechanotransduction. Mechanosensitive proteins in the cell's plasma membrane discern the physical forces and channel the information to the cell interior. Cells respond to the message by altering their cytoskeletal arrangement and directly transmitting the signal to the nucleus through the connection of the cytoskeleton and nucleoskeleton before the information despatched to the nucleus by biochemical signaling pathways. Nuclear transmission of the force leads to the activation of chromatin modifiers and modulation of the epigenetic landscape, inducing chromatin reorganization and gene expression regulation; by the time chemical messengers (transcription factors) arrive into the nucleus. While significant research has been done on the role of mechanotransduction in tumor development and cancer progression/metastasis, the mechanistic basis of force-activated carcinogenesis is still enigmatic. Here, in this review, we have discussed the various cues and molecular connections to better comprehend the cellular mechanotransduction pathway, and we also explored the detailed role of some of the multiple players (proteins and macromolecular complexes) involved in mechanotransduction. Thus, we have described an avenue: how mechanical stress directs the epigenetic modifiers to modulate the epigenome of the cells and how aberrant stress leads to the cancer phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdish Mishra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Subhajit Chakraborty
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Niharika
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Ankan Roy
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Soumen Manna
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Tirthankar Baral
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Piyasa Nandi
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Samir K Patra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
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17
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Kar S, Mukherjee R, Guha S, Talukdar D, Das G, Murmu N. Modulating the acetylation of α-tubulin by LncRNAs and microRNAs helps in the progression of cancer. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3953. [PMID: 38414166 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Malignant tumor cells go through morphological and gene expression alterations, including rearrangement of cytoskeleton proteins that promote invasion and metastasis. Microtubules form a major cytoskeleton component that plays a significant role in regulating multiple cellular activities and function depending on the presence of posttranslational modification (PTM). Acetylation is a type of PTM that generally occurs in the lysine 40 region of α-tubulin and is known to be critically associated with cancer metastasis. Current evidence demonstrates that noncoding RNAs, such as long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and microRNA (or miRNA), which are correlated with gene regulation modulate the expression of acetylated tubulin in the development and metastasis of cancer. This review provides an overview about the role of lncRNA and miRNA in regulation of tubulin acetylation in various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Kar
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Rimi Mukherjee
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhabrata Guha
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Debojit Talukdar
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Gaurav Das
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Nabendu Murmu
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
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18
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Jentzsch J, Wunderlich H, Thein M, Bechthold J, Brehm L, Krauss SW, Weiss M, Ersfeld K. Microtubule polyglutamylation is an essential regulator of cytoskeletal integrity in Trypanosoma brucei. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261740. [PMID: 38205672 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Tubulin polyglutamylation, catalysed by members of the tubulin tyrosine ligase-like (TTLL) protein family, is an evolutionarily highly conserved mechanism involved in the regulation of microtubule dynamics and function in eukaryotes. In the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei, the microtubule cytoskeleton is essential for cell motility and maintaining cell shape. In a previous study, we showed that T. brucei TTLL6A and TTLL12B are required to regulate microtubule dynamics at the posterior cell pole. Here, using gene deletion, we show that the polyglutamylase TTLL1 is essential for the integrity of the highly organised microtubule structure at the cell pole, with a phenotype distinct from that observed in TTLL6A- and TTLL12B-depleted cells. Reduced polyglutamylation in TTLL1-deficient cells also leads to increased levels in tubulin tyrosination, providing new evidence for an interplay between the tubulin tyrosination and detyrosination cycle and polyglutamylation. We also show that TTLL1 acts differentially on specific microtubule doublets of the flagellar axoneme, although the absence of TTLL1 appears to have no measurable effect on cell motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Jentzsch
- Molecular Parasitology, Department of Biology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Hannes Wunderlich
- Experimental Physics I, Department of Physics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Marinus Thein
- Molecular Parasitology, Department of Biology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Julia Bechthold
- Molecular Parasitology, Department of Biology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Lucas Brehm
- Molecular Parasitology, Department of Biology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sebastian W Krauss
- Experimental Physics I, Department of Physics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Matthias Weiss
- Experimental Physics I, Department of Physics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Klaus Ersfeld
- Molecular Parasitology, Department of Biology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
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19
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Nambiar A, Manjithaya R. Driving autophagy - the role of molecular motors. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs260481. [PMID: 38329417 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Most of the vesicular transport pathways inside the cell are facilitated by molecular motors that move along cytoskeletal networks. Autophagy is a well-explored catabolic pathway that is initiated by the formation of an isolation membrane known as the phagophore, which expands to form a double-membraned structure that captures its cargo and eventually moves towards the lysosomes for fusion. Molecular motors and cytoskeletal elements have been suggested to participate at different stages of the process as the autophagic vesicles move along cytoskeletal tracks. Dynein and kinesins govern autophagosome trafficking on microtubules through the sequential recruitment of their effector proteins, post-translational modifications and interactions with LC3-interacting regions (LIRs). In contrast, myosins are actin-based motors that participate in various stages of the autophagic flux, as well as in selective autophagy pathways. However, several outstanding questions remain with regard to how the dominance of a particular motor protein over another is controlled, and to the molecular mechanisms that underlie specific disease variants in motor proteins. In this Review, we aim to provide an overview of the role of molecular motors in autophagic flux, as well as highlight their dysregulation in diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders and pathogenic infections, and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Nambiar
- Autophagy Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Ravi Manjithaya
- Autophagy Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560064, India
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore 560064, India
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20
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Brill MS, Fassier C, Song Y. Editorial: Cytoskeletal alterations in aging and disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1359465. [PMID: 38299006 PMCID: PMC10828968 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1359465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Monika S. Brill
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Coralie Fassier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Yuyu Song
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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21
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Abbaali I, Truong D, Day SD, Mushayeed F, Ganesh B, Haro-Ramirez N, Isles J, Nag H, Pham C, Shah P, Tomar I, Manel-Romero C, Morrissette NS. The tubulin database: Linking mutations, modifications, ligands and local interactions. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295279. [PMID: 38064432 PMCID: PMC10707541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are polymeric filaments, constructed of α-β tubulin heterodimers that underlie critical subcellular structures in eukaryotic organisms. Four homologous proteins (γ-, δ-, ε- and ζ-tubulin) additionally contribute to specialized microtubule functions. Although there is an immense volume of publicly available data pertaining to tubulins, it is difficult to assimilate all potentially relevant information across diverse organisms, isotypes, and categories of data. We previously assembled an extensive web-based catalogue of published missense mutations to tubulins with >1,500 entries that each document a specific substitution to a discrete tubulin, the species where the mutation was described and the associated phenotype with hyperlinks to the amino acid sequence and citation(s) for research. This report describes a significant update and expansion of our online resource (TubulinDB.bio.uci.edu) to nearly 18,000 entries. It now encompasses a cross-referenced catalog of post-translational modifications (PTMs) to tubulin drawn from public datasets, primary literature, and predictive algorithms. In addition, tubulin protein structures were used to define local interactions with bound ligands (GTP, GDP and diverse microtubule-targeting agents) and amino acids at the intradimer interface, within the microtubule lattice and with associated proteins. To effectively cross-reference these datasets, we established a universal tubulin numbering system to map entries into a common framework that accommodates specific insertions and deletions to tubulins. Indexing and cross-referencing permitted us to discern previously unappreciated patterns. We describe previously unlinked observations of loss of PTM sites in the context of cancer cells and tubulinopathies. Similarly, we expanded the set of clinical substitutions that may compromise MAP or microtubule-motor interactions by collecting tubulin missense mutations that alter amino acids at the interface with dynein and doublecortin. By expanding the database as a curated resource, we hope to relate model organism data to clinical findings of pathogenic tubulin variants. Ultimately, we aim to aid researchers in hypothesis generation and design of studies to dissect tubulin function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izra Abbaali
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Danny Truong
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Shania Deon Day
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Faliha Mushayeed
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Bhargavi Ganesh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Nancy Haro-Ramirez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Juliet Isles
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Hindol Nag
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Catherine Pham
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Priya Shah
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Ishaan Tomar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Carolina Manel-Romero
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - Naomi S. Morrissette
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States of America
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22
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Ho KH, Candat A, Scarpetta V, Faucourt M, Weill S, Salio C, D'Este E, Meschkat M, Wurm CA, Kneussel M, Janke C, Magiera MM, Genovesio A, Meunier A, Sassoè-Pognetto M, Brill MS, Spassky N, Patrizi A. Choroid plexuses carry nodal-like cilia that undergo axoneme regression from early adult stage. Dev Cell 2023; 58:2641-2651.e6. [PMID: 37890489 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Choroid plexuses (ChPs) produce cerebrospinal fluid and sense non-cell-autonomous stimuli to control the homeostasis of the central nervous system. They are mainly composed of epithelial multiciliated cells, whose development and function are still controversial. We have thus characterized the stepwise order of mammalian ChP epithelia cilia formation using a combination of super-resolution-microscopy approaches and mouse genetics. We show that ChP ciliated cells are built embryonically on a treadmill of spatiotemporally regulated events, starting with atypical centriole amplification and ending with the construction of nodal-like 9+0 cilia, characterized by both primary and motile features. ChP cilia undergo axoneme resorption at early postnatal stages through a microtubule destabilization process controlled by the microtubule-severing enzyme spastin and mitigated by polyglutamylation levels. Notably, this phenotype is preserved in humans, suggesting a conserved ciliary resorption mechanism in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Hoa Ho
- Schaller Research Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Adrien Candat
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Valentina Scarpetta
- Schaller Research Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Department of Neurosciences "Rita Levi Montalcini," University of Turin, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Marion Faucourt
- Cilia biology and Neurogenesis Team, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Solene Weill
- Computational Bioimaging and Bioinformatics Team, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Chiara Salio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco 10095, Italy
| | - Elisa D'Este
- Optical Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | | | | | - Matthias Kneussel
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, Germany
| | - Carsten Janke
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3348, Orsay 91401, France; Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3348, Orsay 91401, France
| | - Maria M Magiera
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3348, Orsay 91401, France; Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3348, Orsay 91401, France
| | - Auguste Genovesio
- Computational Bioimaging and Bioinformatics Team, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Alice Meunier
- Cilia biology and Neurogenesis Team, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Marco Sassoè-Pognetto
- Department of Neurosciences "Rita Levi Montalcini," University of Turin, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Monika S Brill
- Institute of Neuronal Cell Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80802, Germany; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Nathalie Spassky
- Cilia biology and Neurogenesis Team, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Paris 75005, France
| | - Annarita Patrizi
- Schaller Research Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Neuroscience, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69120, Germany; Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
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23
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Lawrence EJ, Chatterjee S, Zanic M. More is different: Reconstituting complexity in microtubule regulation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105398. [PMID: 37898404 PMCID: PMC10694663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are dynamic cytoskeletal filaments that undergo stochastic switching between phases of polymerization and depolymerization-a behavior known as dynamic instability. Many important cellular processes, including cell motility, chromosome segregation, and intracellular transport, require complex spatiotemporal regulation of microtubule dynamics. This coordinated regulation is achieved through the interactions of numerous microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) with microtubule ends and lattices. Here, we review the recent advances in our understanding of microtubule regulation, focusing on results arising from biochemical in vitro reconstitution approaches using purified multiprotein ensembles. We discuss how the combinatory effects of MAPs affect both the dynamics of individual microtubule ends, as well as the stability and turnover of the microtubule lattice. In addition, we highlight new results demonstrating the roles of protein condensates in microtubule regulation. Our overall intent is to showcase how lessons learned from reconstitution approaches help unravel the regulatory mechanisms at play in complex cellular environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Lawrence
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Saptarshi Chatterjee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Marija Zanic
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
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24
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Kirchner MK, Althammer F, Donaldson KJ, Cox DN, Stern JE. Changes in neuropeptide large dense core vesicle trafficking dynamics contribute to adaptive responses to a systemic homeostatic challenge. iScience 2023; 26:108243. [PMID: 38026155 PMCID: PMC10654599 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptides are packed into large dense core vesicles (LDCVs) that are transported from the soma out into their processes. Limited information exists regarding mechanisms regulating LDCV trafficking, particularly during challenges to bodily homeostasis. Addressing this gap, we used 2-photon imaging in an ex vivo preparation to study LDCVs trafficking dynamics in vasopressin (VP) neurons, which traffic and release neuropeptide from their dendrites and axons. We report a dynamic bidirectional trafficking of VP-LDCVs with important differences in speed and directionality between axons and dendrites. Acute, short-lasting stimuli known to alter VP firing activity and axonal/dendritic release caused modest changes in VP-LDCVs trafficking dynamics. Conversely, chronic/sustained systemic osmotic challenges upregulated VP-LDCVs trafficking dynamic, with a larger effect in dendrites. These results support differential regulation of dendritic and axonal LDCV trafficking, and that changes in trafficking dynamics constitute a novel mechanism by which peptidergic neurons can efficiently adapt to conditions of increased hormonal demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K. Kirchner
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Ferdinand Althammer
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kevin J. Donaldson
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
- Center for Neuromics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Daniel N. Cox
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
- Center for Neuromics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Javier E. Stern
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
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25
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Hu W, Zhang R, Xu H, Li Y, Yang X, Zhou Z, Huang X, Wang Y, Ji W, Gao F, Meng W. CAMSAP1 role in orchestrating structure and dynamics of manchette microtubule minus-ends impacts male fertility during spermiogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2313787120. [PMID: 37903275 PMCID: PMC10636317 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313787120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The manchette is a crucial transient structure involved in sperm development, with its composition and regulation still not fully understood. This study focused on investigating the roles of CAMSAP1 and CAMSAP2, microtubule (MT) minus-end binding proteins, in regulating manchette MTs, spermiogenesis, and male fertility. The loss of CAMSAP1, but not CAMSAP2, disrupts the well-orchestrated process of spermiogenesis, leading to abnormal manchette elongation and delayed removal, resulting in deformed sperm nuclei and tails resembling oligoasthenozoospermia symptoms. We investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms by purifying manchette assemblies and comparing them through proteomic analysis, and results showed that the absence of CAMSAP1 disrupted the proper localization of key proteins (CEP170 and KIF2A) at the manchette minus end, compromising its structural integrity and hindering MT depolymerization. These findings highlight the significance of maintaining homeostasis in manchette MT minus-ends for shaping manchette morphology during late spermiogenesis, offering insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying infertility and sperm abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing10019, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
| | - Honglin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing10019, China
| | - Yuejia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing10019, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Xiaojuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing10019, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Zhengrong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing10019, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Xiahe Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing10019, China
| | - Yingchun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing10019, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Wei Ji
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, Guangdong510320, China
| | - Fei Gao
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
| | - Wenxiang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing10019, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
- Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, China
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26
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Thompson AD, Wagner MJ, Rodriguez J, Malhotra A, Vander Roest S, Lilienthal U, Shao H, Vignesh M, Weber K, Yob JM, Prosser BL, Helms AS, Gestwicki JE, Ginsburg D, Day SM. An Unbiased Screen Identified the Hsp70-BAG3 Complex as a Regulator of Myosin-Binding Protein C3. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:1198-1211. [PMID: 37791314 PMCID: PMC10544073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Variants in the gene myosin-binding protein C3 (MYBPC3) account for approximately 50% of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), leading to reduced levels of myosin-binding protein C3 (MyBP-C), the protein product made by gene MYBPC3. Elucidation of the pathways that regulate MyBP-C protein homeostasis could uncover new therapeutic strategies. Toward this goal, we screened a library of 2,426 bioactive compounds and identified JG98, an allosteric modulator of heat shock protein 70 that inhibits interaction with Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) domain co-chaperones. JG98 reduces MyBP-C protein levels. Furthermore, genetic reduction of BAG3 phenocopies treatment with JG-98 by reducing MYBP-C protein levels.. Thus, an unbiased compound screen identified the heat shock protein 70-BAG3 complex as a regulator of MyBP-C stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea D. Thompson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Marcus J. Wagner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Juliani Rodriguez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alok Malhotra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Steve Vander Roest
- Center for Chemical Genomics, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ulla Lilienthal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hao Shao
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mathav Vignesh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Keely Weber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jaime M. Yob
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Benjamin L. Prosser
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adam S. Helms
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jason E. Gestwicki
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David Ginsburg
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
- The Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sharlene M. Day
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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27
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Qu M, Zhang H, Cheng P, Wubshet AK, Yin X, Wang X, Sun Y. Histone deacetylase 6's function in viral infection, innate immunity, and disease: latest advances. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1216548. [PMID: 37638049 PMCID: PMC10450946 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1216548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the family of histone-deacetylases, histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) stands out. The cytoplasmic class IIb histone deacetylase (HDAC) family is essential for many cellular functions. It plays a crucial and debatable regulatory role in innate antiviral immunity. This review summarises the current state of our understanding of HDAC6's structure and function in light of the three mechanisms by which it controls DNA and RNA virus infection: cytoskeleton regulation, host innate immune response, and autophagy degradation of host or viral proteins. In addition, we summed up how HDAC6 inhibitors are used to treat a wide range of diseases, and how its upstream signaling plays a role in the antiviral mechanism. Together, the findings of this review highlight HDAC6's importance as a new therapeutic target in antiviral immunity, innate immune response, and some diseases, all of which offer promising new avenues for the development of drugs targeting the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pengyuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ashenafi Kiros Wubshet
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Basic and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Science, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Xiangping Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuefeng Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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28
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Minckley TF, Salvagio LA, Fudge DH, Verhey K, Markus SM, Qin Y. Zn2+ decoration of microtubules arrests axonal transport and displaces tau, doublecortin, and MAP2C. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202208121. [PMID: 37326602 PMCID: PMC10276529 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202208121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular Zn2+ concentrations increase via depolarization-mediated influx or intracellular release, but the immediate effects of Zn2+ signals on neuron function are not fully understood. By simultaneous recording of cytosolic Zn2+ and organelle motility, we find that elevated Zn2+ (IC50 ≈ 5-10 nM) reduces both lysosomal and mitochondrial motility in primary rat hippocampal neurons and HeLa cells. Using live-cell confocal microscopy and in vitro single-molecule TIRF imaging, we reveal that Zn2+ inhibits activity of motor proteins (kinesin and dynein) without disrupting their microtubule binding. Instead, Zn2+ directly binds to microtubules and selectively promotes detachment of tau, DCX, and MAP2C, but not MAP1B, MAP4, MAP7, MAP9, or p150glued. Bioinformatic predictions and structural modeling show that the Zn2+ binding sites on microtubules partially overlap with the microtubule binding sites of tau, DCX, dynein, and kinesin. Our results reveal that intraneuronal Zn2+ regulates axonal transport and microtubule-based processes by interacting with microtubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor F. Minckley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Dylan H. Fudge
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Kristen Verhey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Steven M. Markus
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Yan Qin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
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29
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Ahn S, Kwon A, Oh Y, Rhee S, Song WK. Microtubule Acetylation-Specific Inhibitors Induce Cell Death and Mitotic Arrest via JNK/AP-1 Activation in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Mol Cells 2023; 46:387-398. [PMID: 36794420 PMCID: PMC10258459 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.2192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubule acetylation has been proposed as a marker of highly heterogeneous and aggressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The novel microtubule acetylation inhibitors GM-90257 and GM-90631 (GM compounds) cause TNBC cancer cell death but the underlying mechanisms are currently unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that GM compounds function as anti-TNBC agents through activation of the JNK/AP-1 pathway. RNA-seq and biochemical analyses of GM compound-treated cells revealed that c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and members of its downstream signaling pathway are potential targets for GM compounds. Mechanistically, JNK activation by GM compounds induced an increase in c-Jun phosphorylation and c-Fos protein levels, thereby activating the activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor. Notably, direct suppression of JNK with a pharmacological inhibitor alleviated Bcl2 reduction and cell death caused by GM compounds. TNBC cell death and mitotic arrest were induced by GM compounds through AP-1 activation in vitro. These results were reproduced in vivo, validating the significance of microtubule acetylation/JNK/AP-1 axis activation in the anti-cancer activity of GM compounds. Moreover, GM compounds significantly attenuated tumor growth, metastasis, and cancer-related death in mice, demonstrating strong potential as therapeutic agents for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyeon Ahn
- Cell Logistics Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Ahreum Kwon
- Cell Logistics Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Youngsoo Oh
- Cell Logistics Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Sangmyung Rhee
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Woo Keun Song
- Cell Logistics Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
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30
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Fu G, Yan S, Khoo CJ, Chao VC, Liu Z, Mukhi M, Hervas R, Li XD, Ti SC. Integrated regulation of tubulin tyrosination and microtubule stability by human α-tubulin isotypes. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112653. [PMID: 37379209 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tubulin isotypes are critical for the functions of cellular microtubules, which exhibit different stability and harbor various post-translational modifications. However, how tubulin isotypes determine the activities of regulators for microtubule stability and modifications remains unknown. Here, we show that human α4A-tubulin, a conserved genetically detyrosinated α-tubulin isotype, is a poor substrate for enzymatic tyrosination. To examine the stability of microtubules reconstituted with defined tubulin compositions, we develop a strategy to site-specifically label recombinant human tubulin for single-molecule TIRF microscopy-based in vitro assays. The incorporation of α4A-tubulin into the microtubule lattice stabilizes the polymers from passive and MCAK-stimulated depolymerization. Further characterization reveals that the compositions of α-tubulin isotypes and tyrosination/detyrosination states allow graded control for the microtubule binding and the depolymerization activities of MCAK. Together, our results uncover the tubulin isotype-dependent enzyme activity for an integrated regulation of α-tubulin tyrosination/detyrosination states and microtubule stability, two well-correlated features of cellular microtubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoling Fu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shan Yan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chen Jing Khoo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Victor C Chao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mayur Mukhi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rubén Hervas
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiang David Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shih-Chieh Ti
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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31
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Zhu Y, Feng M, Wang B, Zheng Y, Jiang D, Zhao L, Mamun MAA, Kang H, Nie H, Zhang X, Guo N, Qin S, Wang N, Liu H, Gao Y. New insights into the non-enzymatic function of HDAC6. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114438. [PMID: 37002569 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is a class IIb histone deacetylase that contains two catalytic domains and a zinc-finger ubiquitin binding domain (ZnF-UBP) domain. The deacetylation function of HDAC6 has been extensively studied with common substrates such as α-tubulin, cortactin, and Hsp90. Apart from its deacetylase activity, HDAC6 ZnF-UBP binds to unanchored ubiquitin of specific sequences and serves as a carrier for transporting aggregated proteins. As a result, aggresomes are formed and protein degradation is facilitated by the autophagy-lysosome pathway. This HDAC6-dependent microtubule transport can be used by cells to assemble and activate inflammasomes, which play a critical role in immune regulation. Even viruses can benefit from the carrier of HDAC6 to assist in uncoating their surfaces during their infection cycle. However, HDAC6 is also capable of blocking virus invasion and replication in a non-enzymatic manner. Given these non-enzymatic functions, HDAC6 is closely associated with various diseases, including neurodegeneration, inflammasome-associated diseases, cancer, and viral infections. Small molecule inhibitors targeting the ubiquitin binding pocket of HDAC6 have been investigated. In this review, we focus on mechanisms in non-enzymatic functions of HDAC6 and discuss the rationality and prospects of therapeutic strategies by intervening the activation of HDAC6 ZnF-UBP in concrete diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzai Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Mengkai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yichao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Dandan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - M A A Mamun
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Huiqin Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Haiqian Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xiya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ningjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Shangshang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ning Wang
- The School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
| | - Ya Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Institute of Drug Discovery and Development, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
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Bu T, Li X, Wang L, Wu X, Gao S, Yun D, Li L, Sun F, Cheng CY. Regulation of sertoli cell function by planar cell polarity (PCP) protein Fjx1. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 571:111936. [PMID: 37119967 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.111936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Four-jointed box kinase 1 (Fjx1) is a planar cell protein (PCP) and a member of the Fat (FAT atypical cadherin 1)/Dchs (Dachsous cadherin-related protein)/Fjx1 PCP complex. Fjx1 is also a non-receptor Ser/Thr protein kinase capable of phosphorylating Fat1 at is extracellular cadherin domains when it is transport across the Golgi system. As such, Fjx1 is a Golgi-based regulator of Fat1 function by determining its extracellular deposition. Herein, Fjx1 was found to localize across the Sertoli cell cytoplasm, partially co-localized with the microtubules (MTs) across the seminiferous epithelium. It was most notable at the apical ES (ectoplasmic specialization) and basal ES, displaying distinctive stage-specific expression. The apical ES and basal ES are the corresponding testis-specific cell adhesion ultrastructures at the Sertoli-elongated spermatid and Sertoli cell-cell interface, respectively, consistent with the role of Fjx1 as a Golgi-associated Ser/Thr kinase that modulates the Fat (and/or Dchs) integral membrane proteins. Its knockdown (KD) by RNAi using specific Fjx1 siRNA duplexes versus non-targeting negative control siRNA duplexes was found to perturb the Sertoli cell tight junction function, as well as perturbing the function and organization of MT and actin. While Fjx1 KD did not affect the steady-state levels of almost two dozens of BTB-associated Sertoli cell proteins, including structural and regulatory proteins, its KD was found to down-regulate Fat1 (but not Fat2, 3, and 4) and to up-regulate Dchs1 (but not Dchs2) expression. Based on results of biochemical analysis, Fjx1 KD was found to be capable of abolishing phosphorylation of its putative substrate Fat1 at its Ser/Thr sites, but not at its Tyr site, illustrating an intimate functional relationship of Fjx1 and Fat1 in Sertoli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiao Bu
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Xinyao Li
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China
| | - Sheng Gao
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Damin Yun
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Linxi Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China.
| | - C Yan Cheng
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China.
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Rosito M, Sanchini C, Gosti G, Moreno M, De Panfilis S, Giubettini M, Debellis D, Catalano F, Peruzzi G, Marotta R, Indrieri A, De Leonibus E, De Stefano ME, Ragozzino D, Ruocco G, Di Angelantonio S, Bartolini F. Microglia reactivity entails microtubule remodeling from acentrosomal to centrosomal arrays. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112104. [PMID: 36787220 PMCID: PMC10423306 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia reactivity entails a large-scale remodeling of cellular geometry, but the behavior of the microtubule cytoskeleton during these changes remains unexplored. Here we show that activated microglia provide an example of microtubule reorganization from a non-centrosomal array of parallel and stable microtubules to a radial array of more dynamic microtubules. While in the homeostatic state, microglia nucleate microtubules at Golgi outposts, and activating signaling induces recruitment of nucleating material nearby the centrosome, a process inhibited by microtubule stabilization. Our results demonstrate that a hallmark of microglia reactivity is a striking remodeling of the microtubule cytoskeleton and suggest that while pericentrosomal microtubule nucleation may serve as a distinct marker of microglia activation, inhibition of microtubule dynamics may provide a different strategy to reduce microglia reactivity in inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosito
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Sanchini
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gosti
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy; Soft and Living Matter Laboratory, Institute of Nanotechnology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Moreno
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Simone De Panfilis
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Doriana Debellis
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Catalano
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Giovanna Peruzzi
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Marotta
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Alessia Indrieri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Elvira De Leonibus
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; Institute of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, National Research Council, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Egle De Stefano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Ragozzino
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Ruocco
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy; Department of Physics, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Angelantonio
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; D-Tails s.r.l, 00165 Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Bartolini
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Molecular Characteristics of Toxicity of Acrolein Produced from Spermine. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020298. [PMID: 36830667 PMCID: PMC9952977 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Acrolein (CH2=CH-CHO), an unsaturated aldehyde produced from spermine, is one of the major contributors to oxidative stress. Acrolein has been found to be more toxic than reactive oxygen species (H2O2 and •OH), and it can be easily conjugated with proteins, bringing about changes in nature of the proteins. Acrolein is detoxified by glutathione in cells and was found to be mainly produced from spermine through isolating two cell lines of acrolein-resistant Neuro2a cells. The molecular characteristics of acrolein toxicity and tissue damage elicited by acrolein were investigated. It was found that glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH); cytoskeleton proteins such as vimentin, actin, α- and β-tubulin proteins; and apolipoprotein B-100 (ApoB100) in LDL are strongly damaged by acrolein conjugation. In contrast, activities of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and proheparanase (proHPSE) are enhanced, and antibody-recognizing abilities of immunoglobulins are modified by acrolein conjugation, resulting in aggravation of diseases. The functional changes of these proteins by acrolein have been elucidated at the molecular level. The findings confirmed that acrolein is the major contributor causing tissue damage in the elderly.
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Pero ME, Chowdhury F, Bartolini F. Role of tubulin post-translational modifications in peripheral neuropathy. Exp Neurol 2023; 360:114274. [PMID: 36379274 PMCID: PMC11320756 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy is a common disorder that results from nerve damage in the periphery. The degeneration of sensory axon terminals leads to changes or loss of sensory functions, often manifesting as debilitating pain, weakness, numbness, tingling, and disability. The pathogenesis of most peripheral neuropathies remains to be fully elucidated. Cumulative evidence from both early and recent studies indicates that tubulin damage may provide a common underlying mechanism of axonal injury in various peripheral neuropathies. In particular, tubulin post-translational modifications have been recently implicated in both toxic and inherited forms of peripheral neuropathy through regulation of axonal transport and mitochondria dynamics. This knowledge forms a new area of investigation with the potential for developing therapeutic strategies to prevent or delay peripheral neuropathy by restoring tubulin homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Pero
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, USA; Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - Farihah Chowdhury
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Francesca Bartolini
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, USA.
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Isolation and Characterization of NpCI, a New Metallocarboxypeptidase Inhibitor from the Marine Snail Nerita peloronta with Anti- Plasmodium falciparum Activity. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21020094. [PMID: 36827135 PMCID: PMC9966942 DOI: 10.3390/md21020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Metallocarboxypeptidases are zinc-dependent peptide-hydrolysing enzymes involved in several important physiological and pathological processes. They have been a target of growing interest in the search for natural or synthetic compound binders with biomedical and drug discovery purposes, i.e., with potential as antimicrobials or antiparasitics. Given that marine resources are an extraordinary source of bioactive molecules, we screened marine invertebrates for new inhibitory compounds with such capabilities. In this work, we report the isolation and molecular and functional characterization of NpCI, a novel strong metallocarboxypeptidase inhibitor from the marine snail Nerita peloronta. NpCI was purified until homogeneity using a combination of affinity chromatography and RP-HPLC. It appeared as a 5921.557 Da protein with 53 residues and six disulphide-linked cysteines, displaying a high sequence similarity with NvCI, a carboxypeptidase inhibitor isolated from Nerita versicolor, a mollusc of the same genus. The purified inhibitor was determined to be a slow- and tight-binding inhibitor of bovine CPA (Ki = 1.1·× 10-8 mol/L) and porcine CPB (Ki = 8.15·× 10-8 mol/L) and was not able to inhibit proteases from other mechanistic classes. Importantly, this inhibitor showed antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum in an in vitro culture (IC50 = 5.5 μmol/L), reducing parasitaemia mainly by inhibiting the later stages of the parasite's intraerythrocytic cycle whilst having no cytotoxic effects on human fibroblasts. Interestingly, initial attempts with other related proteinaceous carboxypeptidase inhibitors also displayed similar antiplasmodial effects. Coincidentally, in recent years, a metallocarboxypeptidase named PfNna1, which is expressed in the schizont phase during the late intraerythrocytic stage of the parasite's life cycle, has been described. Given that NpCI showed a specific parasiticidal effect on P. falciparum, eliciting pyknotic/dead parasites, our results suggest that this and related inhibitors could be promising starting agents or lead compounds for antimalarial drug discovery strategies.
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Shah YB, Lin P, Chen S, Zheng A, Alcaraz W, Towne MC, Gabriel C, Bhoj EJ, Lambert MP, Olson TS, Frank DM, Ellis CA, Babushok DV. Inherited bone marrow failure with macrothrombocytopenia due to germline tubulin beta class I (TUBB) variant. Br J Haematol 2023; 200:222-228. [PMID: 36207145 PMCID: PMC10989998 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Germline mutations in tubulin beta class I (TUBB), which encodes one of the β-tubulin isoforms, were previously associated with neurological and cutaneous abnormalities. Here, we describe the first case of inherited bone marrow (BM) failure, including marked thrombocytopenia, morphological abnormalities, and cortical dysplasia, associated with a de novo p.D249V variant in TUBB. Mutant TUBB had abnormal cellular localisation in transfected cells. Following interferon/ribavirin therapy administered for transfusion-acquired hepatitis C, severe pancytopenia and BM aplasia ensued, which was unresponsive to immunosuppression. Acquired chromosome arm 6p loss of heterozygosity was identified, leading to somatic loss of the mutant TUBB allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash B. Shah
- Comprehensive Bone Marrow Failure Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, US
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ping Lin
- Comprehensive Bone Marrow Failure Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, US
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stone Chen
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alan Zheng
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Courtney Gabriel
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth J. Bhoj
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michele P. Lambert
- Division of Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Timothy S. Olson
- Comprehensive Bone Marrow Failure Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, US
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dale M. Frank
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Colin A. Ellis
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daria V. Babushok
- Comprehensive Bone Marrow Failure Center, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, US
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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38
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Cushion TD, Leca I, Keays DA. MAPping tubulin mutations. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1136699. [PMID: 36875768 PMCID: PMC9975266 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1136699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are filamentous structures that play a critical role in a diverse array of cellular functions including, mitosis, nuclear translocation, trafficking of organelles and cell shape. They are composed of α/β-tubulin heterodimers which are encoded by a large multigene family that has been implicated in an umbrella of disease states collectively known as the tubulinopathies. De novo mutations in different tubulin genes are known to cause lissencephaly, microcephaly, polymicrogyria, motor neuron disease, and female infertility. The diverse clinical features associated with these maladies have been attributed to the expression pattern of individual tubulin genes, as well as their distinct Functional repertoire. Recent studies, however, have highlighted the impact of tubulin mutations on microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). MAPs can be classified according to their effect on microtubules and include polymer stabilizers (e.g., tau, MAP2, doublecortin), destabilizers (e.g., spastin, katanin), plus-end binding proteins (e.g., EB1-3, XMAP215, CLASPs) and motor proteins (e.g., dyneins, kinesins). In this review we analyse mutation-specific disease mechanisms that influence MAP binding and their phenotypic consequences, and discuss methods by which we can exploit genetic variation to identify novel MAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D Cushion
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Ines Leca
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - David A Keays
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria.,Division of Neurobiology, Department Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Yang F, Wang J, Qu K, Wei H, Song Z, Xu H, Wang Z, Chen Y. Responses of INS-1 cells to glucose stimulation patterns. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 144:213199. [PMID: 36424275 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes has become a major public health problem in the world for many years, and it is driving us to probe into its complex mechanism of insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells. The nanoscale resolution characterization of pancreatic β cells in response to glucose led to insights into diverse mechanical and functional processes at the single cell level. Recent advances allowed the direct observations of cytoskeleton dynamics which were quantitatively determined. Here, we firstly performed the glucose stimulation with multiple physiologically relevant glucose patterns. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) produced high spatial resolution mechanical images together with the insulin secretions linking the physical interactions to the biochemical process of INS-1 cells. Altered material properties of the INS-1 cells revealed the regulation of multiple glucose stimulation patterns. Rapidly responded to high glucose (HG), INS-1 cells presented the unique meshing networks of elasticities. The decreases of Young's modulus (YM) and insulin secretion suggested that mechanical changes affected the insulin release. Furthermore, the frequency and gradient of glucose patterns induced nanomechanical and secreting changes of the INS-1 cells and gained the knowledge on the potential controllability of glucose. The relationships between the cellular mechanics and insulin secretion of INS-1 cells could contribute to establish a mechanical cell model for the study of β cells in diabetes. The results also indicated the cell mechanics as promising mechanical biomarkers for β cells, and promoted the understanding of specific mechanical mechanism of glucose regulation, which lighted on the further application of functional glucose regulation in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Multi-information Nano Detection & Handling of Single Cells, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Multi-information Nano Detection & Handling of Single Cells, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Kaige Qu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Multi-information Nano Detection & Handling of Single Cells, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Huimiao Wei
- Changli Nano Biotechnology Ltd, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zhengxun Song
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Multi-information Nano Detection & Handling of Single Cells, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Multi-information Nano Detection & Handling of Single Cells, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zuobin Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Multi-information Nano Detection & Handling of Single Cells, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; JR3CN & IRAC, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, UK.
| | - Yujuan Chen
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Multi-information Nano Detection & Handling of Single Cells, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China.
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Li S, Mori M, Yang M, Elfazazi S, Hortigüela R, Chan P, Feng X, Risinger A, Yang Z, Oliva MÁ, Fernando Díaz J, Fang WS. Targeting the tubulin C-terminal tail by charged small molecules. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 21:153-162. [PMID: 36472095 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01910h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The disordered tubulin C-terminal tail (CTT), which possesses a higher degree of heterogeneity, is the target for the interaction of many proteins and cellular components. Compared to the seven well-described binding sites of microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) that localize on the globular tubulin core, tubulin CTT is far less explored. Therefore, tubulin CTT can be regarded as a novel site for the development of MTAs with distinct biochemical and cell biological properties. Here, we designed and synthesized linear and cyclic peptides containing multiple arginines (RRR), which are complementary to multiple acidic residues in tubulin CTT. Some of them showed moderate induction and promotion of tubulin polymerization. The most potent macrocyclic compound 1f was found to bind to tubulin CTT and thus exert its bioactivity. Such RRR containing compounds represent a starting point for the discovery of tubulin CTT-targeting agents with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines & MHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 2A Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Mattia Mori
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, Siena 53100, Italy
| | - Mingyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines & MHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 2A Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Soumia Elfazazi
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Rafael Hortigüela
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Peter Chan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
| | - Xinyue Feng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - April Risinger
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA
| | - Zhiyou Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - María Ángela Oliva
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - J Fernando Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Wei-Shuo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines & MHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 2A Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, China.
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41
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Gestaut D, Zhao Y, Park J, Ma B, Leitner A, Collier M, Pintilie G, Roh SH, Chiu W, Frydman J. Structural visualization of the tubulin folding pathway directed by human chaperonin TRiC/CCT. Cell 2022; 185:4770-4787.e20. [PMID: 36493755 PMCID: PMC9735246 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ATP-dependent ring-shaped chaperonin TRiC/CCT is essential for cellular proteostasis. To uncover why some eukaryotic proteins can only fold with TRiC assistance, we reconstituted the folding of β-tubulin using human prefoldin and TRiC. We find unstructured β-tubulin is delivered by prefoldin to the open TRiC chamber followed by ATP-dependent chamber closure. Cryo-EM resolves four near-atomic-resolution structures containing progressively folded β-tubulin intermediates within the closed TRiC chamber, culminating in native tubulin. This substrate folding pathway appears closely guided by site-specific interactions with conserved regions in the TRiC chamber. Initial electrostatic interactions between the TRiC interior wall and both the folded tubulin N domain and its C-terminal E-hook tail establish the native substrate topology, thus enabling C-domain folding. Intrinsically disordered CCT C termini within the chamber promote subsequent folding of tubulin's core and middle domains and GTP-binding. Thus, TRiC's chamber provides chemical and topological directives that shape the folding landscape of its obligate substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gestaut
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Junsun Park
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Boxue Ma
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alexander Leitner
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Dept of Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Miranda Collier
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Grigore Pintilie
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Soung-Hun Roh
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea,Co-Corresponding authors: (lead contact), ,
| | - Wah Chiu
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,Co-Corresponding authors: (lead contact), ,
| | - Judith Frydman
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA,Co-Corresponding authors: (lead contact), ,
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Osseni A, Schaeffer L. [HDAC6, a very specific deacetylase with a potential therapeutic role]. Med Sci (Paris) 2022; 38 Hors série n° 1:6-12. [PMID: 36649628 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2022172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytoplasmic histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is defined today as a new key player in the treatment of many diseases. Overexpression of HDAC6 was observed in a variety of diseases. Over the past ten years, plenty of new selective inhibitors of HDAC6 activity have been synthesized and characterized. Many studies have shown the high efficiency and beneficial effects of HDAC6 inhibitors in many diseases such as cancers, neurodegenerative, inflammatory, or neuromuscular diseases. The mechanisms of HDAC6 action that explain the benefit of its inhibition in various pathologies are still unknown. We have recently shown that HDAC6, via the regulation of the microtubule network, plays a role at the level of neuromuscular junctions by controlling acetylcholine receptor delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Osseni
- Laboratoire Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle (INMG-PGNM), CNRS UMR 5261, INSERM U 1315, Université de Lyon, UCBL1, France - Centre de Biotechnologie Cellulaire, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Schaeffer
- Laboratoire Physiopathologie et Génétique du Neurone et du Muscle (INMG-PGNM), CNRS UMR 5261, INSERM U 1315, Université de Lyon, UCBL1, France - Centre de Biotechnologie Cellulaire, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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43
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Dzaki N, Bu S, Lau SSY, Yong WL, Yu F. Drosophila GSK3β promotes microtubule disassembly and dendrite pruning in sensory neurons. Development 2022; 149:281771. [PMID: 36264221 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β (GSK3β), a negative regulator of microtubules, is crucial for neuronal polarization, growth and migration during animal development. However, it remains unknown whether GSK3β regulates neuronal pruning, which is a regressive process. Here, we report that the Drosophila GSK3β homologue Shaggy (Sgg) is cell-autonomously required for dendrite pruning of ddaC sensory neurons during metamorphosis. Sgg is necessary and sufficient to promote microtubule depolymerization, turnover and disassembly in the dendrites. Although Sgg is not required for the minus-end-out microtubule orientation in dendrites, hyperactivated Sgg can disturb the dendritic microtubule orientation. Moreover, our pharmacological and genetic data suggest that Sgg is required to promote dendrite pruning at least partly via microtubule disassembly. We show that Sgg and Par-1 kinases act synergistically to promote microtubule disassembly and dendrite pruning. Thus, Sgg and Par-1 might converge on and phosphorylate a common downstream microtubule-associated protein(s) to disassemble microtubules and thereby facilitate dendrite pruning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najat Dzaki
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604
| | - Shufeng Bu
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
| | - Samuel Song Yuan Lau
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604
| | - Wei Lin Yong
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604
| | - Fengwei Yu
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
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Antel M, Simao T, Bener MB, Inaba M. Drosophila CG17003/leaky (lky) is required for microtubule acetylation in early germ cells in Drosophila ovary. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276704. [PMID: 36342916 PMCID: PMC9639842 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule acetylation is found in populations of stable, long-lived microtubules, occurring on the conserved lysine 40 (K40) residue of α-tubulin by α-tubulin acetyltransferases (αTATs). α-tubulin K40 acetylation has been shown to stabilize microtubules via enhancing microtubule resilience against mechanical stress. Here we show that a previously uncharacterized αTAT, Drosophila CG17003/leaky (lky), is required for α-tubulin K40 acetylation in early germ cells in Drosophila ovary. We found that loss of lky resulted in a progressive egg chamber fusion phenotype accompanied with mislocalization of germline-specific Vasa protein in somatic follicle cells. The same phenotype was observed upon replacement of endogenous α-tubulin84B with non-acetylatable α-tubulin84BK40A, suggesting α-tubulin K40 acetylation is responsible for the phenotype. Chemical disturbance of microtubules by Colcemid treatment resulted in a mislocalization of Vasa in follicle cells within a short period of time (~30 min), suggesting that the observed mislocalization is likely caused by direct leakage of cellular contents between germline and follicle cells. Taken together, this study provides a new function of α-tubulin acetylation in maintaining the cellular identity possibly by preventing the leakage of tissue-specific gene products between juxtaposing distinct cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Antel
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Taylor Simao
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Muhammed Burak Bener
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Mayu Inaba
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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45
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Radwitz J, Hausrat TJ, Heisler FF, Janiesch PC, Pechmann Y, Rübhausen M, Kneussel M. Tubb3 expression levels are sensitive to neuronal activity changes and determine microtubule growth and kinesin-mediated transport. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:575. [DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04607-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMicrotubules are dynamic polymers of α/β-tubulin. They regulate cell structure, cell division, cell migration, and intracellular transport. However, functional contributions of individual tubulin isotypes are incompletely understood. The neuron-specific β-tubulin Tubb3 displays highest expression around early postnatal periods characterized by exuberant synaptogenesis. Although Tubb3 mutations are associated with neuronal disease, including abnormal inhibitory transmission and seizure activity in patients, molecular consequences of altered Tubb3 levels are largely unknown. Likewise, it is unclear whether neuronal activity triggers Tubb3 expression changes in neurons. In this study, we initially asked whether chemical protocols to induce long-term potentiation (cLTP) affect microtubule growth and the expression of individual tubulin isotypes. We found that growing microtubules and Tubb3 expression are sensitive to changes in neuronal activity and asked for consequences of Tubb3 downregulation in neurons. Our data revealed that reduced Tubb3 levels accelerated microtubule growth in axons and dendrites. Remarkably, Tubb3 knockdown induced a specific upregulation of Tubb4 gene expression, without changing other tubulin isotypes. We further found that Tubb3 downregulation reduces tubulin polyglutamylation, increases KIF5C motility and boosts the transport of its synaptic cargo N-Cadherin, which is known to regulate synaptogenesis and long-term potentiation. Due to the large number of tubulin isotypes, we developed and applied a computational model based on a Monte Carlo simulation to understand consequences of tubulin expression changes in silico. Together, our data suggest a feedback mechanism with neuronal activity regulating tubulin expression and consequently microtubule dynamics underlying the delivery of synaptic cargoes.
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Trim69 is a microtubule regulator that acts as a pantropic viral inhibitor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2211467119. [PMID: 36251989 PMCID: PMC9618055 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2211467119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Through a screen that combines functional and evolutionary analyses, we identified tripartite motif protein (Trim69), a poorly studied member of the Trim family, as a negative regulator of HIV-1 infection in interferon (IFN)-stimulated myeloid cells. Trim69 inhibits the early phases of infection of HIV-1, but also of HIV-2 and SIVMAC in addition to the negative and positive-strand RNA viruses vesicular stomatitis virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, with magnitudes that depend on the combination between cell type and virus. Mechanistically, Trim69 associates directly to microtubules and its antiviral activity is linked to its ability to promote the accumulation of stable microtubules, a program that we uncover to be an integral part of antiviral IFN-I responses in myeloid cells. Overall, our study identifies Trim69 as the antiviral innate defense factor that regulates the properties of microtubules to limit viral spread and highlights the cytoskeleton as an unappreciated battleground in the host-pathogen interactions that underlie viral infections.
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Hosseini S, van Ham M, Erck C, Korte M, Michaelsen-Preusse K. The role of α-tubulin tyrosination in controlling the structure and function of hippocampal neurons. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:931859. [PMCID: PMC9627282 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.931859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules (MTs) are central components of the neuronal cytoskeleton and play a critical role in CNS integrity, function, and plasticity. Neuronal MTs are diverse due to extensive post-translational modifications (PTMs), particularly detyrosination/tyrosination, in which the C-terminal tyrosine of α-tubulin is cyclically removed by a carboxypeptidase and reattached by a tubulin-tyrosine ligase (TTL). The detyrosination/tyrosination cycle of MTs has been shown to be an important regulator of MT dynamics in neurons. TTL-null mice exhibit impaired neuronal organization and die immediately after birth, indicating TTL function is vital to the CNS. However, the detailed cellular role of TTL during development and in the adult brain remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that conditional deletion of TTL in the neocortex and hippocampus during network development results in a pathophysiological phenotype defined by incomplete development of the corpus callosum and anterior commissures due to axonal growth arrest. TTL loss was also associated with a deficit in spatial learning, impaired synaptic plasticity, and reduced number of spines in hippocampal neurons, suggesting that TTL also plays a critical role in hippocampal network development. TTL deletion after postnatal development, specifically in the hippocampus and in cultured hippocampal neurons, led to a loss of spines and impaired spine structural plasticity. This indicates a novel and important function of TTL for synaptic plasticity in the adult brain. In conclusion, this study reveals the importance of α-tubulin tyrosination, which defines the dynamics of MTs, in controlling proper network formation and suggests TTL-mediated tyrosination as a new key determinant of synaptic plasticity in the adult brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Hosseini
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marco van Ham
- Research Group Cellular Proteome Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christian Erck
- Research Group Cellular Proteome Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Martin Korte
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Research Group Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kristin Michaelsen-Preusse
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Kristin Michaelsen-Preusse,
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48
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Shi X, Jiang X, Chen C, Zhang Y, Sun X. The interconnections between the microtubules and mitochondrial networks in cardiocerebrovascular diseases: Implications for therapy. Pharmacol Res 2022; 184:106452. [PMID: 36116706 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules, a highly dynamic cytoskeleton, participate in many cellular activities including mechanical support, organelles interactions, and intracellular trafficking. Microtubule organization can be regulated by modification of tubulin subunits, microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) or agents modulating microtubule assembly. Increasing studies demonstrate that microtubule disorganization correlates with various cardiocerebrovascular diseases including heart failure and ischemic stroke. Microtubules also mediate intracellular transport as well as intercellular transfer of mitochondria, a power house in cells which produce ATP for various physiological activities such as cardiac mechanical function. It is known to all that both microtubules and mitochondria participate in the progression of cancer and Parkinson's disease. However, the interconnections between the microtubules and mitochondrial networks in cardiocerebrovascular diseases remain unclear. In this paper, we will focus on the roles of microtubules in cardiocerebrovascular diseases, and discuss the interplay of mitochondria and microtubules in disease development and treatment. Elucidation of these issues might provide significant diagnostic value as well as potential targets for cardiocerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjuan Shi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xuan Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Congwei Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoou Sun
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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Lafanechère L. The microtubule cytoskeleton: An old validated target for novel therapeutic drugs. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:969183. [PMID: 36188585 PMCID: PMC9521402 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.969183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Compounds targeting microtubules are widely used in cancer therapy with a proven efficacy. However, because they also target non-cancerous cells, their administration leads to numerous adverse effects. With the advancement of knowledge on the structure of tubulin, the regulation of microtubule dynamics and their deregulation in pathological processes, new therapeutic strategies are emerging, both for the treatment of cancer and for other diseases, such as neuronal or even heart diseases and parasite infections. In addition, a better understanding of the mechanism of action of well-known drugs such as colchicine or certain kinase inhibitors contributes to the development of these new therapeutic approaches. Nowadays, chemists and biologists are working jointly to select drugs which target the microtubule cytoskeleton and have improved properties. On the basis of a few examples this review attempts to depict the panorama of these recent advances.
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50
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Le Borgne P, Greibill L, Laporte MH, Lemullois M, Bouhouche K, Temagoult M, Rosnet O, Le Guennec M, Lignières L, Chevreux G, Koll F, Hamel V, Guichard P, Tassin AM. The evolutionary conserved proteins CEP90, FOPNL, and OFD1 recruit centriolar distal appendage proteins to initiate their assembly. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001782. [PMID: 36070319 PMCID: PMC9484695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In metazoa, cilia assembly is a cellular process that starts with centriole to basal body maturation, migration to the cell surface, and docking to the plasma membrane. Basal body docking involves the interaction of both the distal end of the basal body and the transition fibers/distal appendages, with the plasma membrane. Mutations in numerous genes involved in basal body docking and transition zone assembly are associated with the most severe ciliopathies, highlighting the importance of these events in cilium biogenesis. In this context, the ciliate Paramecium has been widely used as a model system to study basal body and cilia assembly. However, despite the evolutionary conservation of cilia assembly events across phyla, whether the same molecular players are functionally conserved, is not fully known. Here, we demonstrated that CEP90, FOPNL, and OFD1 are evolutionary conserved proteins crucial for ciliogenesis. Using ultrastructure expansion microscopy, we unveiled that these proteins localize at the distal end of both centrioles/basal bodies in Paramecium and mammalian cells. Moreover, we found that these proteins are recruited early during centriole duplication on the external surface of the procentriole. Functional analysis performed both in Paramecium and mammalian cells demonstrate the requirement of these proteins for distal appendage assembly and basal body docking. Finally, we show that mammalian centrioles require another component, Moonraker (MNR), to recruit OFD1, FOPNL, and CEP90, which will then recruit the distal appendage proteins CEP83, CEP89, and CEP164. Altogether, we propose that this OFD1, FOPNL, and CEP90 functional module is required to determine in mammalian cells the future position of distal appendage proteins. CEP90, FOPNL and OFD1 form an evolutionary conserved module which promotes the assembly of centriolar distal appendages. This study uses ultrastructure expansion microscopy to reveal the recruitment of this module on early-born procentrioles to in turn recruit centriolar distal appendage proteins, proposing that this dictates the future location of distal appendages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierrick Le Borgne
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Logan Greibill
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marine Hélène Laporte
- University of Geneva, Section of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michel Lemullois
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Khaled Bouhouche
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mebarek Temagoult
- Imagerie-Gif Light facility, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Olivier Rosnet
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Maeva Le Guennec
- University of Geneva, Section of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Lignières
- ProteoSeine@IJM, Université de Paris/CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Chevreux
- ProteoSeine@IJM, Université de Paris/CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France
| | - France Koll
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Virginie Hamel
- University of Geneva, Section of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paul Guichard
- University of Geneva, Section of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Marie Tassin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- * E-mail:
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