1
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Pan B, He Q, Yu X, De Choch D, Lam KS, Hammock BD, Sun G. Versatility and stability of melamine foam-based biosensors (f-ELISA) using antibodies, nanobodies, and peptides as sensing probes. Talanta 2024; 279:126634. [PMID: 39121553 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Macroporous three-dimensional (3D) framework structured melamine foam-based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (f-ELISA) biosensors were developed for rapid, reliable, sensitive, and on-site detection of trace amount of biomolecules and chemicals. Various ligands can be chemically immobilized onto the melamine foam, which brings in the possibility of working with antibodies, nanobodies, and peptides, respectively, as affinity probes for f-ELISA biosensors with improved stability. Different chemical reagents can be used to modify the foam materials, resulting in varied reactivities with antibodies, nanobodies, and peptides. As a result, the f-ELISA sensors produced from these modified foams exhibit varying levels of sensitivity and performance. This study demonstrated that the chemical reagents used for immobilizing antibodies, nanobodies, and peptides could affect the sensitivities of the f-ELISA sensors, and their storage stabilities under different temperatures varied depending on the sensing probes used, with f-ELISA sensors employing nanobodies as probes exhibiting the highest stability. This study not only showcases the versatility of the f-ELISA system but also opens new avenues for developing cost-effective, portable, and user-friendly diagnostic tools with optimized sensitivity and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bofeng Pan
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Qiyi He
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Xingjian Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Dylan De Choch
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Kit S Lam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Gang Sun
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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2
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Qian X, Xu Q, Lyon CJ, Hu TY. CRISPR for companion diagnostics in low-resource settings. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:4717-4740. [PMID: 39268697 PMCID: PMC11393808 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00340c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
New point-of-care tests (POCTs), which are especially useful in low-resource settings, are needed to expand screening capacity for diseases that cause significant mortality: tuberculosis, multiple cancers, and emerging infectious diseases. Recently, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based diagnostic (CRISPR-Dx) assays have emerged as powerful and versatile alternatives to traditional nucleic acid tests, revealing a strong potential to meet this need for new POCTs. In this review, we discuss CRISPR-Dx assay techniques that have been or could be applied to develop POCTs, including techniques for sample processing, target amplification, multiplex assay design, and signal readout. This review also describes current and potential applications for POCTs in disease diagnosis and includes future opportunities and challenges for such tests. These tests need to advance beyond initial assay development efforts to broadly meet criteria for use in low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Qian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China.
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China.
| | - Christopher J Lyon
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Tony Y Hu
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
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Verma S, Sen A, Dutta N, Sengupta P, Chakraborty P, Dutta G. Highly Specific Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensor for the Detection of Uric Acid Using Carboxylated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Intertwined with GdS-Gd 2O 3 Nanoplates in Human Urine and Serum. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39356148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
Herein, the electrochemical sensing efficacy of carboxylic acid functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (C-MWCNT) intertwined with coexisting phases of gadolinium monosulfide (GdS) and gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) nanosheets is explored for the first time. The nanocomposite demonstrated splendid specificity for nonenzymatic electrochemical detection of uric acid (UA) in biological samples. It was synthesized using the coprecipitation method and thoroughly characterized. The presence of functional groups and disorder in the as-synthesized nanocomposite are confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscope, X-ray powder diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy provides a clear understanding of the morphology, coexisting phases, and elemental composition of the as-synthesized nanocomposites. The differential pulse voltammetry technique was utilized to elaborate the electrochemical sensing of UA using a GdS-Gd2O3/C-MWCNT modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE), The sensor showed an enhanced current response by more than 2-fold compared to bare GCE. Also, the sensor's performance was further improved by dispersing the nanocomposite in an ionic liquid with the exceptional reproducibility (SD = 0.0025, n = 3). The fabricated UA sensor GdS-Gd2O3/C-MWCNT/IL/GCE demonstrated a wide linear detection range from 0.5-30 μM and 30-2000 μM, effectively covering the entire physiological range of UA in biological fluids with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.380 μM (+3SD of blank) and a sensitivity of 356.125 μA mM-1 cm-2. Moreover, the electrodes exhibited storage stability for 2 weeks with decrease in zero-day current by only 4.5%. The sensor was validated by quantifying UA in 12 unprocessed clinical human urine and serum samples, and its comparison with the gold standard test yielded remarkable results (p < 0.05). Hence, the proposed nonenzymatic electrochemical UA sensor is selective, sensitive, reproducible, and stable, making it reliable for point-of-care diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Verma
- NanoBiosensors and Biodevices Lab, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
- School of Nano Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Atreyee Sen
- School of Nano Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Nirmita Dutta
- NanoBiosensors and Biodevices Lab, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | | | - Pradip Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Gorachand Dutta
- NanoBiosensors and Biodevices Lab, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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4
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Khatmi G, Klinavičius T, Simanavičius M, Silimavičius L, Tamulevičienė A, Rimkutė A, Kučinskaitė-Kodzė I, Gylys G, Tamulevičius T. Lateral flow assay sensitivity and signal enhancement via laser µ-machined constrains in nitrocellulose membrane. Sci Rep 2024; 14:22936. [PMID: 39358489 PMCID: PMC11446913 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-74407-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Lateral flow assay (LFA) is a handful diagnostic technology that can identify severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other common respiratory viruses in one strip, which can be tested at the point-of-care without the need for equipment or skilled personnel outside the laboratory. Although its simplicity and practicality make it an appealing solution, it remains a grand challenge to substantially enhance the colorimetric LFA sensitivity. In this work, we present a straightforward approach to enhance the sensitivity of LFA by imposing the flow constraints in nitrocellulose (NC) membranes via a number of vertical femtosecond laser micromachined microchannels which is important for prolonged specific binding interactions. Porous NC membrane surfaces were structured with different widths and densities µ-channels employing a second harmonic of the Yb:KGW femtosecond laser and sample XYZ translation over a microscope objective-focused laser beam. The influence of the microchannel parameters on the vertical wicking speed was evaluated from the video recordings. The obtained results indicated that µ-channel length, width, and density in NC membranes controllably increased the immunological reaction time between the analyte and the labeled antibody by 950%. Image analysis of the colorimetric indicators confirmed that the flow rate delaying strategy enhanced the signal sensitives by 40% compared with pristine NC LFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gazy Khatmi
- Department of Physics, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Tomas Klinavičius
- Institute of Materials Science, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Martynas Simanavičius
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Laimis Silimavičius
- UAB Sanpharm, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Asta Tamulevičienė
- Department of Physics, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Materials Science, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Agnė Rimkutė
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | | | - Tomas Tamulevičius
- Department of Physics, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.
- Institute of Materials Science, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas, Lithuania.
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Matsuo T, Wurster S, Hoenigl M, Kontoyiannis DP. Current and emerging technologies to develop Point-of-Care Diagnostics in medical mycology. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2024; 24:841-858. [PMID: 39294931 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2024.2397515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Advances in diagnostic technologies, particularly Point-of-Care Diagnostics (POCDs), have revolutionized clinical practice by providing rapid, user-friendly, and affordable testing at or near the patient's location. POCDs have been increasingly introduced in medical mycology and hold promise to improve patient outcomes in a variety of important human fungal diseases. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on validated POCDs, particularly lateral flow assays (LFAs), for various fungal diseases. Additionally, we discuss emerging innovative techniques such as body fluid analysis, imaging methods, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), microfluidic systems, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based diagnostics, and the emerging role of artificial intelligence. EXPERT OPINION Compact and user-friendly POCDs have been increasingly introduced in medical mycology, and some of these tests (e.g. Cryptococcus and Histoplasma antigen LFAs) have become mainstream diagnostics, while others, such as LFA in invasive aspergillosis show promise to become part of our routine diagnostic armamentarium. POCDs offer immense benefits such as timely and accurate diagnostic results, reduced patient discomfort, and lower healthcare costs and might contribute to antifungal stewardship. Integrated fluidics combined with microtechnology having multiplex capabilities will be pivotal in medical mycology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Matsuo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sebastian Wurster
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Martin Hoenigl
- Division of Infectious Diseases, ECMM Excellence Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Translational Medical Mycology Research Group, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Bio TechMed, Graz, Austria
| | - Dimitrios P Kontoyiannis
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Bezinge L, Shih CJ, Richards DA, deMello AJ. Electrochemical Paper-Based Microfluidics: Harnessing Capillary Flow for Advanced Diagnostics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2401148. [PMID: 38801400 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical paper-based microfluidics has attracted much attention due to the promise of transforming point-of-care diagnostics by facilitating quantitative analysis with low-cost and portable analyzers. Such devices harness capillary flow to transport samples and reagents, enabling bioassays to be executed passively. Despite exciting demonstrations of capillary-driven electrochemical tests, conventional methods for fabricating electrodes on paper impede capillary flow, limit fluidic pathways, and constrain accessible device architectures. This account reviews recent developments in paper-based electroanalytical devices and offers perspective by revisiting key milestones in lateral flow tests and paper-based microfluidics engineering. The study highlights the benefits associated with electrochemical sensing and discusses how the detection modality can be leveraged to unlock novel functionalities. Particular focus is given to electrofluidic platforms that embed electrodes into paper for enhanced biosensing applications. Together, these innovations pave the way for diagnostic technologies that offer portability, quantitative analysis, and seamless integration with digital healthcare, all without compromising the simplicity of commercially available rapid diagnostic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léonard Bezinge
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Chih-Jen Shih
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Daniel A Richards
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J deMello
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
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7
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Drain PK. Point-of-Care Diagnostics (POCD) in Resource-Limited Settings. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1926. [PMID: 39272710 PMCID: PMC11394390 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14171926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Diagnostic testing is critical to provide adequate healthcare, and the emergence of various rapid point-of-care diagnostics (POCD) allows for greater access and broader implementation in resource-limited settings [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul K Drain
- Departments of Global Health, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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8
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Perkins J, Chandler C, Kelly A, Street A. The social lives of point-of-care tests in low- and middle-income countries: a meta-ethnography. Health Policy Plan 2024; 39:782-798. [PMID: 38907518 PMCID: PMC11308614 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czae054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Point-of-care tests (POCTs) have become technological solutions for many global health challenges. This meta-ethnography examines what has been learned about the 'social lives' of POCTs from in-depth qualitative research, highlighting key social considerations for policymakers, funders, developers and users in the design, development and deployment of POCTs. We screened qualitative research examining POCTs in low- and middle-income countries and selected 13 papers for synthesis. The findings illuminate five value-based logics-technological autonomy, care, scalability, rapidity and certainty-shaping global health innovation ecosystems and their entanglement with health systems. Our meta-ethnography suggests that POCTs never achieve the technological autonomy often anticipated during design and development processes. Instead, they are both embedded in and constitutive of the dynamic relationships that make up health systems in practice. POCTs are often imagined as caring commodities; however, in use, notions of care inscribed in these devices are constantly negotiated and transformed in relation to multiple understandings of care. POCTs promise to standardize care across scale, yet our analysis indicates nonstandard processes, diagnoses and treatment pathways as essential to 'fluid technologies' rather than dangerous aberrations. The rapidity of POCTs is constructed and negotiated within multiple distinct temporal registers, and POCTs operate as temporal objects that can either speed up or slow down experiences of diagnosis and innovation. Finally, while often valued as epistemic tools that can dispel diagnostic uncertainty, these papers demonstrate that POCTs contribute to new forms of uncertainty. Together, these papers point to knowledge practices as multiple, and POCTs as contributing to, rather than reducing, this multiplicity. The values embedded in POCTs are fluid and contested, with important implications for the kind of care these tools can deliver. These findings can contribute to more reflexive approaches to global health innovation, which take into account limitations of established global health logics, and recognize the socio-technical complexity of health systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Perkins
- Department of Social Anthropology, School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, Chrystal Macmillan Building, 15a George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9LD, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Chandler
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, United Kingdom
| | - Ann Kelly
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, King’s College London, Bush House North East Wing, 30 Aldwych, London WC2B 4BG, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Street
- Department of Social Anthropology, School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, Chrystal Macmillan Building, 15a George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9LD, United Kingdom
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Zhuang L, Gong J, Zhang P, Zhang D, Zhao Y, Yang J, Liu G, Zhang Y, Shen Q. Research progress of loop-mediated isothermal amplification in the detection of Salmonella for food safety applications. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:124. [PMID: 39105889 PMCID: PMC11303641 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-04075-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Salmonella, the prevailing zoonotic pathogen within the Enterobacteriaceae family, holds the foremost position in global bacterial poisoning incidents, thereby signifying its paramount importance in public health. Consequently, the imperative for expeditious and uncomplicated detection techniques for Salmonella in food is underscored. After more than two decades of development, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) has emerged as a potent adjunct to the polymerase chain reaction, demonstrating significant advantages in the realm of isothermal amplification. Its growing prominence is evident in the increasing number of reports on its application in the rapid detection of Salmonella. This paper provides a systematic exposition of the technical principles and characteristics of LAMP, along with an overview of the research progress made in the rapid detection of Salmonella using LAMP and its derivatives. Additionally, the target genes reported in various levels, including Salmonella genus, species, serogroup, and serotype, are summarized, aiming to offer a valuable reference for the advancement of LAMP application in Salmonella detection. Finally, we look forward to the development direction of LAMP and expect more competitive methods to provide strong support for food safety applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhuang
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, 212400, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering and Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211102, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansen Gong
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, 225125, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, 225125, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhang
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, 225125, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering and Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211102, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Yang
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, 212400, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofang Liu
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, 212400, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering and Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211102, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiuping Shen
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, 212400, People's Republic of China.
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Gravett MG, Menon R, Tribe RM, Hezelgrave NL, Kacerovsky M, Soma-Pillay P, Jacobsson B, McElrath TF. Assessment of current biomarkers and interventions to identify and treat women at risk of preterm birth. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1414428. [PMID: 39131090 PMCID: PMC11312378 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1414428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth remains an important global problem, and an important contributor to under-5 mortality. Reducing spontaneous preterm birth rates at the global level will require the early identification of patients at risk of preterm delivery in order to allow the initiation of appropriate prophylactic management strategies. Ideally these strategies target the underlying pathophysiologic causes of preterm labor. Prevention, however, becomes problematic as the causes of preterm birth are multifactorial and vary by gestational age, ethnicity, and social context. Unfortunately, current screening and diagnostic tests are non-specific, with only moderate clinical risk prediction, relying on the detection of downstream markers of the common end-stage pathway rather than identifying upstream pathway-specific pathophysiology that would help the provider initiate targeted interventions. As a result, the available management options (including cervical cerclage and vaginal progesterone) are used empirically with, at best, ambiguous results in clinical trials. Furthermore, the available screening tests have only modest clinical risk prediction, and fail to identify most patients who will have a preterm birth. Clearly defining preterm birth phenotypes and the biologic pathways leading to preterm birth is key to providing targeted, biomolecular pathway-specific interventions, ideally initiated in early pregnancy Pathway specific biomarker discovery, together with management strategies based on early, mid-, and-late trimester specific markers is integral to this process, which must be addressed in a systematic way through rigorously planned biomarker trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G. Gravett
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Rachel M. Tribe
- Department of Women and Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Course Sciences, St Thomas' Hospital Campus, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natasha L. Hezelgrave
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marian Kacerovsky
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Priya Soma-Pillay
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Pretoria School of Medicine, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Bo Jacobsson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Domain of Health Data and Digitalization, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas F. McElrath
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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11
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Krsek A, Baticic L, Sotosek V, Braut T. The Role of Biomarkers in HPV-Positive Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Towards Precision Medicine. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1448. [PMID: 39001338 PMCID: PMC11241541 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14131448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) represents a significant global health challenge, with squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) accounting for approximately 90% of all HNC cases. These malignancies, collectively referred to as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), originate from the mucosal epithelium lining the larynx, pharynx, and oral cavity. The primary risk factors associated with HNSCC in economically disadvantaged nations have been chronic alcohol consumption and tobacco use. However, in more affluent countries, the landscape of HNSCC has shifted with the identification of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, particularly HPV-16, as a major risk factor, especially among nonsmokers. Understanding the evolving risk factors and the distinct biological behaviors of HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC is critical for developing targeted treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes in this complex and diverse group of cancers. Accurate diagnosis of HPV-positive HNSCC is essential for developing a comprehensive model that integrates the molecular characteristics, immune microenvironment, and clinical outcomes. The aim of this comprehensive review was to summarize the current knowledge and advances in the identification of DNA, RNA, and protein biomarkers in bodily fluids and tissues that have introduced new possibilities for minimally or non-invasive cancer diagnosis, monitoring, and assessment of therapeutic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antea Krsek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Lara Baticic
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vlatka Sotosek
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences I, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
- Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Tamara Braut
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
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12
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Kasu M, Ristow PG, Burrows AM, Kuplik Z, Gibbons MJ, D'Amato ME. Novel buffer for long-term preservation of DNA in biological material at room temperature. Biotechniques 2024; 76:357-370. [PMID: 38949197 DOI: 10.1080/07366205.2024.2360813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The collection and preservation of biological material before DNA analysis is critical for inter alia biomedical research, medical diagnostics, forensics and biodiversity conservation. In this study, we evaluate an in-house formulated buffer called the Forensic DNA Laboratory-buffer (FDL-buffer) for preservation of biological material for long term at room temperature. Human saliva stored in the buffer for 8 years, human blood stored for 3 years and delicate animal tissues from the jellyfish Pelagia noctiluca comb jelly Beroe sp., stored for 4 and 6 years respectively consistently produced high-quality DNA. FDL-buffer exhibited compatibility with standard organic, salting out and spin-column extraction methods, making it versatile and applicable to a wide range of applications, including automation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaimin Kasu
- Department of Biotechnology, Forensic DNA Laboratory, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Western Cape, 7535, South Africa
| | - Peter G Ristow
- Department of Biotechnology, Forensic DNA Laboratory, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Western Cape, 7535, South Africa
| | - Adria Michelle Burrows
- Department of Biotechnology, Forensic DNA Laboratory, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Western Cape, 7535, South Africa
| | - Zafrir Kuplik
- Department of Biodiversity & Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Western Cape, 7535, South Africa
- The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mark J Gibbons
- Department of Biodiversity & Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Western Cape, 7535, South Africa
| | - Maria E D'Amato
- Department of Biotechnology, Forensic DNA Laboratory, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Western Cape, 7535, South Africa
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13
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Broger T, Marx FM, Theron G, Marais BJ, Nicol MP, Kerkhoff AD, Nathavitharana R, Huerga H, Gupta-Wright A, Kohli M, Nichols BE, Muyoyeta M, Meintjes G, Ruhwald M, Peeling RW, Pai NP, Pollock NR, Pai M, Cattamanchi A, Dowdy DW, Dewan P, Denkinger CM. Diagnostic yield as an important metric for the evaluation of novel tuberculosis tests: rationale and guidance for future research. Lancet Glob Health 2024; 12:e1184-e1191. [PMID: 38876764 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(24)00148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Better access to tuberculosis testing is a key priority for fighting tuberculosis, the leading cause of infectious disease deaths in people. Despite the roll-out of molecular WHO-recommended rapid diagnostics to replace sputum smear microscopy over the past decade, a large diagnostic gap remains. Of the estimated 10·6 million people who developed tuberculosis globally in 2022, more than 3·1 million were not diagnosed. An exclusive focus on improving tuberculosis test accuracy alone will not be sufficient to close the diagnostic gap for tuberculosis. Diagnostic yield, which we define as the proportion of people in whom a diagnostic test identifies tuberculosis among all people we attempt to test for tuberculosis, is an important metric not adequately explored. Diagnostic yield is particularly relevant for subpopulations unable to produce sputum such as young children, people living with HIV, and people with subclinical tuberculosis. As more accessible non-sputum specimens (eg, urine, oral swabs, saliva, capillary blood, and breath) are being explored for point-of-care tuberculosis testing, the concept of yield will be of growing importance. Using the example of urine lipoarabinomannan testing, we illustrate how even tests with limited sensitivity can diagnose more people with tuberculosis if they enable increased diagnostic yield. Using tongue swab-based molecular tuberculosis testing as another example, we provide definitions and guidance for the design and conduct of pragmatic studies that assess diagnostic yield. Lastly, we show how diagnostic yield and other important test characteristics, such as cost and implementation feasibility, are essential for increased effective population coverage, which is required for optimal clinical care and transmission impact. We are calling for diagnostic yield to be incorporated into tuberculosis test evaluation processes, including the WHO Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations process, providing a crucial real-life implementation metric that complements traditional accuracy measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Broger
- Department of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian M Marx
- Department of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis (SACEMA), Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Grant Theron
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ben J Marais
- The University of Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark P Nicol
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Andrew D Kerkhoff
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Center for Tuberculosis, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Helena Huerga
- Department of Epidemiology, Epicentre, Paris, France
| | - Ankur Gupta-Wright
- Department of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Monde Muyoyeta
- Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Graeme Meintjes
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa), Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | | | - Nitika Pant Pai
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Outcomes Research & Evaluation, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Madhukar Pai
- McGill International TB Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Adithya Cattamanchi
- Center for Tuberculosis, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - David W Dowdy
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Puneet Dewan
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Claudia M Denkinger
- Department of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
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14
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Odongo S, Jin BK, Nguyen HTT, Radwanska M, Magez S. A Nanobody/Monoclonal Antibody "hybrid" sandwich technology offers an improved immunoassay strategy for detection of African trypanosome infections. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012294. [PMID: 38950072 PMCID: PMC11244815 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The scarcity of reliable devices for diagnosis of Animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) presents a limitation to control of the disease. Existing high-sensitivity technologies such as PCR are costly, laborious, time-consuming, complex, and require skilled personnel. Hence, utilisation of most diagnostics for AAT is impracticable in rural areas, where the disease occurs. A more accessible point-of-care test (POCT) capable of detecting cryptic active infection, without relying on expensive equipment, would facilitate AAT detection. In turn, early management, would reduce disease incidence and severity. Today, several ongoing research projects aim at modifying complex immunoassays into POCTs. In this context, we report the development of an antigen (Ag) detection sandwich ELISA prototype for diagnosis of T. congolense infections, which is comprised of nanobody (Nb) and monoclonal antibody (mAb) reagents. The Nb474H used here, originated from a past study. Briefly, the Nb was engineered starting from mRNA of peripheral blood lymphocytes of an alpaca immunized with soluble lysate of Trypanosoma congolense (TC13). T. congolense glycosomal fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (TcoALD) was discovered as the cognate Ag of Nb474H. In this study, splenocytes were harvested from a mouse immunized with recombinant TcoALD and fused with NS01 cells to generate a hybridoma library. Random screening of the library on TcoALD retrieved a lone binder, designated IgM8A2. Using Nb474H as Ag-capture reagent in combination with the IgM8A2 monoclonal antibody Ag-detection reagent resulted in a tool that effectively detects native TcoALD released during infection by T. congolense parasites. Hitherto, development of POCT for detection of active trypanosome infection is elusive. The Nanobody/Monoclonal Antibody (Nb/mAb) "hybrid" sandwich technology offers prospects for exploration, using the unique specificity of Nb as a key determinant in Ag capturing, while using the versatility of monoclonal Ab to adapt to various detection conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Odongo
- Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Environment Technology and Food Technology KR01, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Bo-Kyung Jin
- Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Environment Technology and Food Technology KR01, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hang Thi Thu Nguyen
- Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Environment Technology and Food Technology KR01, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Magdalena Radwanska
- Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Environment Technology and Food Technology KR01, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, WE14, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefan Magez
- Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Environment Technology and Food Technology KR01, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, WE10, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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15
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Baron R, Haick H. Mobile Diagnostic Clinics. ACS Sens 2024; 9:2777-2792. [PMID: 38775426 PMCID: PMC11217950 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
This article reviews the revolutionary impact of emerging technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) in reshaping modern healthcare systems, with a particular focus on the implementation of mobile diagnostic clinics. It presents an insightful analysis of the current healthcare challenges, including the shortage of healthcare workers, financial constraints, and the limitations of traditional clinics in continual patient monitoring. The concept of "Mobile Diagnostic Clinics" is introduced as a transformative approach where healthcare delivery is made accessible through the incorporation of advanced technologies. This approach is a response to the impending shortfall of medical professionals and the financial and operational burdens conventional clinics face. The proposed mobile diagnostic clinics utilize digital health tools and AI to provide a wide range of services, from everyday screenings to diagnosis and continual monitoring, facilitating remote and personalized care. The article delves into the potential of nanotechnology in diagnostics, AI's role in enhancing predictive analytics, diagnostic accuracy, and the customization of care. Furthermore, the article discusses the importance of continual, noninvasive monitoring technologies for early disease detection and the role of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) in personalizing treatment guidance. It also addresses the challenges and ethical concerns of implementing these advanced technologies, including data privacy, integration with existing healthcare infrastructure, and the need for transparent and bias-free AI systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roni Baron
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Technion—Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Hossam Haick
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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16
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Li S, Zhang Y, Liu J, Wang X, Qian C, Wang J, Wu L, Dai C, Yuan H, Wan C, Li J, Du W, Feng X, Li Y, Chen P, Liu BF. Fully Integrated and High-Throughput Microfluidic System for Multiplexed Point-Of-Care Testing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401848. [PMID: 38940626 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
For every epidemic outbreak, the prevention and treatments in resource-limited areas are always out of reach. Critical to this is that high accuracy, stability, and more comprehensive analytical techniques always rely on expensive and bulky instruments and large laboratories. Here, a fully integrated and high-throughput microfluidic system is proposed for ultra-multiple point-of-care immunoassay, termed Dac system. Specifically, the Dac system only requires a handheld portable device to automatically recycle repetitive multi-step reactions including on-demand liquid releasing, dispensing, metering, collecting, oscillatory mixing, and discharging. The Dac system performs high-precision enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for up to 17 samples or targets simultaneously on a single chip. Furthermore, reagent consumption is only 2% compared to conventional ELISA, and microbubble-accelerated reactions shorten the assay time by more than half. As a proof of concept, the multiplexed detections are achieved by detecting at least four infection targets for two samples simultaneously on a singular chip. Furthermore, the barcode-based multi-target results can rapidly distinguish between five similar cases, allowing for accurate therapeutic interventions. Compared to bulky clinical instruments, the accuracy of clinical inflammation classification is 92.38% (n = 105), with a quantitative correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.9838, while the clinical specificity is 100% and the sensitivity is 98.93%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Li
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jingxuan Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xing Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chungen Qian
- Department of Reagent Research and Development, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Reagent Research and Development, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Liqiang Wu
- Department of Reagent Research and Development, Shenzhen YHLO Biotech Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Chenxi Dai
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Huijuan Yuan
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chao Wan
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiashuo Li
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wei Du
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaojun Feng
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yiwei Li
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Peng Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Bi-Feng Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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17
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El-Shall MN, Aly I, Samen A, Salama WM, Baakdah F. Immunochromatography Lateral Flow Strip Enhancement Based on Passive Gold Nanoparticles Conjugation to Detect Schistosma haematobium Antigens in Human Serum. Acta Parasitol 2024; 69:1267-1274. [PMID: 38753102 PMCID: PMC11182813 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-024-00841-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to develop and evaluate a lateral flow card for the detection of active Schistosoma haematobium infection. METHODS In order to prepare the immunochromatography lateral flow strip (ICLFS), antibodies purified from schistosomiasis were conjugated passively with gold nanoparticles using a potassium carbonate buffer. RESULTS The novel ICLFS was able to correctly identify 64 out of 67 samples of schistosomiasis, 6 out of 90 samples of other parasites, and 0 out of 27 control samples. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) were 95.5%, 93.3%, 90%, and 91.4% respectively. Comparatively, the sensitivity, specificity, NPV, and PPV of sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) conjugated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were 91.1%, 88.8%, 85.9%, and 84.4% respectively. The increased sensitivity and specificity of ICLFS produced superior results to those of sandwich ELISA. CONCLUSION In conclusion, ICLFS is more beneficial and precise than sandwich ELISA for detection of S. haematobium infection at early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud N El-Shall
- Department of Parasitology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Aly
- Department of Parasitology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alaa Samen
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wesam M Salama
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Fadi Baakdah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Priya GB, Agrawal RK, Milton AAP, Mishra M, Mendiratta SK, Singh BR, Kumar D, Gandham RK, Dubal ZB, Rajkhowa S, Luke A, Patil G. Rapid and visual detection of Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) in carabeef meat harnessing loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:1723-1733. [PMID: 38639846 PMCID: PMC11153427 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01335-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxigenic E. coli are important foodborne zoonotic pathogens. The present study was envisaged to standardize loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays targeting stx1 and stx2 genes for rapid and visual detection of STEC and compare its sensitivity with PCR. The study also assessed the effect of short enrichment on the detection limit of LAMP and PCR. The developed LAMP assays were found to be highly specific. Analytical sensitivity of LAMP was 94 fg/µLand 25.8 fg/µL for stx-1 and stx-2 while LOD of 5 CFU/g of carabeef was measured after 6-12 h enrichment. The study highlights the importance of short (6-12 h) enrichment for improving the sensitivity of LAMP. The entire detection protocol could be performed within 9 h yielding results on the same day. The developed LAMP assays proved to be a handy and cost-effective alternative for screening STEC contamination in meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindarajan Bhuvana Priya
- College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur, India
- Division of Bacteriology & Mycology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Kant Agrawal
- Division of Biological Products, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | | | - Madhu Mishra
- Division of Bacteriology & Mycology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjod Kumar Mendiratta
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhoj Raj Singh
- Division of Epidemiology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Gandham
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Zunjar Baburao Dubal
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Ashish Luke
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Girish Patil
- ICAR-NRC on Meat, Post Box 19, Boduppal Post, Chengicherla, Hyderabad, 500092, India
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19
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Hauner A, Onwuchekwa C, Ariën KK. Sample-to-result molecular diagnostic platforms and their suitability for infectious disease testing in low- and middle-income countries. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2024; 24:423-438. [PMID: 38747017 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2024.2353690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diagnostics are an essential, undervalued part of the health-care system. For many diseases, molecular diagnostics are the gold standard, but are not easy to implement in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). Sample-to-result (S2R) platforms combining all procedures in a closed system could offer a solution. In this paper, we investigated their suitability for implementation in LMIC. AREAS COVERED A scorecard was used to evaluate different platforms on a range of parameters. Most platforms scored fairly on the platform itself, ease-of-use and test consumables; however, shortcomings were identified in cost, distribution and test panels tailored to LMIC needs. The diagnostic coverage for common infectious diseases was found to have a wider coverage in high-income countries (HIC) than LMIC. A literature study showed that in LMIC, these platforms are mainly used as diagnostic tools or evaluation of diagnostic performance, with a minority assessing the operational characteristics or the clinical utility. In this narrative review, we identified various points for adaptation of S2R platforms to LMIC conditions. EXPERT OPINION For S2R platforms to be suitable for implementation in LMIC some modifications by the manufacturers could be considered. Furthermore, strengthening health systems and digitalization are vital; as are smaller, cheaper, faster, and sustainable technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Hauner
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Kevin K Ariën
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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20
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Mussin J, Giusiano G, Porras JC, Corredor Sanguña LH, Pividori MI. Carbon nanoparticle-based lateral flow assay for the detection of specific double-tagged DNA amplicons of Paracoccidioides spp. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:287. [PMID: 38671236 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06367-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
To overcome the limitations of current methods for diagnosing paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), it is critical to develop novel diagnostic strategies that can be implemented in low-resource settings and dramatically improve turnaround times. This study focused on the development of a portable molecular test to screen for Paracoccidioides spp. The proposed approach integrated double-tagging polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a paper-based lateral flow assay (LFA) for readout, using carbon nanoparticles as a signal generation system. Primers tagged with biotin and digoxigenin were employed to conduct the double-tagging PCR, which can be conveniently carried out on portable thermocyclers. This method can generate billions of tagged DNA copies from a single target molecule, which can be rapidly detected by the LFA platform, providing results within minutes. Avidin-modified carbon nanoparticles served as a signal generation system, enabling detection in the immunochromatographic assay. The LFA demonstrated the capability to detect double-tagged amplicons as low as 0.21 ng or 0.10 ng, depending on whether the results were assessed visually or with a smartphone equipped with an image processor. These findings suggest that the proposed approach holds great promise as a point-of-care diagnostic tool for the early and accurate detection of PCM in low-resource settings. The diagnostic test is rapid and inexpensive, requires minimal handling and can be easily introduced into the general practitioner's armoury for ambulatory screening of infection. This innovative approach has the potential to make a substantial contribution to PCM diagnosis, ultimately reducing morbidity and mortality associated with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Mussin
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
- Instituto de Medicina Regional, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Av. Las Heras 727, 3500, Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina.
| | - Gustavo Giusiano
- Instituto de Medicina Regional, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Av. Las Heras 727, 3500, Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina
| | - Juan Carlos Porras
- Grup de Sensors I Biosensors, Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Luis Hernando Corredor Sanguña
- Instituto de Medicina Regional, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Av. Las Heras 727, 3500, Resistencia, Chaco, Argentina
| | - María Isabel Pividori
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
- Grup de Sensors I Biosensors, Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
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21
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Diforti JF, Cunningham T, Piccinini E, Marmisollé WA, Piccinini JM, Azzaroni O. Noninvasive and Multiplex Self-Test of Kidney Disease Biomarkers with Graphene-Based Lab-on-a-Chip (G-LOC): Toward Digital Diagnostics in the Hands of Patients. Anal Chem 2024; 96:5832-5842. [PMID: 38573917 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is one of the major health issues worldwide. However, diagnosis is now highly centralized in large laboratories, resulting in low access to patient monitoring and poor personalized treatments. This work reports the development of a graphene-based lab-on-a-chip (G-LOC) for the digital testing of renal function biomarkers in serum and saliva samples. G-LOC integrates multiple bioelectronic sensors with a microfluidic system that enables multiplex self-testing of urea, potassium, sodium, and chloride. The linearity, limit of detection (LOD), accuracy, and coefficient of variability (CV) were studied. Accuracy values higher than 95.5% and CV lower than 9% were obtained for all of the biomarkers. The analytical performance was compared against three reference lab benchtop analyzers by measuring healthy- and renal-failure-level samples of serum. From receiver operating characteristic (ROC) plots, sensitivities (%) of 99.7, 97.6, 99.1, and 89.0 were obtained for urea, potassium, sodium, and chloride, respectively. Then, the test was evaluated in noninvasive saliva samples and compared against reference methods. Correlation and Bland-Altman plots showed good correlation and agreement of the G-LOC with the reference methods. It is noteworthy that the precision of G-LOC was similar to better than benchtop lab analyzers, with the advantage of being highly portable. Finally, a user testing study was conducted. The analytical performance obtained with untrained volunteers was similar to that obtained with trained chemists. Additionally, based on a user experience survey, G-LOC was found to have very simple usability and would be suitable for at-home diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquin F Diforti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA)-Departamento de Química-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CONICET. 64 and 113, 1900 Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Bioelectronic, GISENS BIOTECH, 2150 Shattuck Ave PH, Berkeley, California 94704, United States
| | - Thomas Cunningham
- Department of Bioelectronic, GISENS BIOTECH, 2150 Shattuck Ave PH, Berkeley, California 94704, United States
| | - Esteban Piccinini
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA)-Departamento de Química-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CONICET. 64 and 113, 1900 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Waldemar A Marmisollé
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA)-Departamento de Química-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CONICET. 64 and 113, 1900 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jose M Piccinini
- Department of Bioelectronic, GISENS BIOTECH, 2150 Shattuck Ave PH, Berkeley, California 94704, United States
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA)-Departamento de Química-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CONICET. 64 and 113, 1900 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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22
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Huyen DT, Reboud J, Quyen DT, Cooper JM, Velavan TP, Trung NT, Song LH. An isothermal CRISPR- based lateral flow assay for detection of Neisseria meningitidis. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2024; 23:28. [PMID: 38555443 PMCID: PMC10981803 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-024-00688-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neisseria meningitidis can cause life-threatening meningococcal meningitis and meningococcemia. Old standard microbiological results from CSF/blood cultures are time consuming. This study aimed to combine the sensitivity of loop-mediated isothermal nucleic acid amplification (LAMP) with the specificity of CRISPR/Cas12a cleavage to demonstrate a reliable diagnostic assay for rapid detection of N. meningitidis. METHODS A total of n = 139 samples were collected from patients with suspected meningococcal disease and were used for evaluation. The extracted DNA was subjected to qualitative real-time PCR, targeting capsular transporter gene (ctrA) of N. meningitidis. LAMP-specific primer pairs, also targeting the ctrA, were designed and the LAMP products were subjected to CRISPR/Cas12 cleavage reaction. the readout was on a lateral flow strip. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of LAMP-CRISPR/Cas was compared with real-time PCR assays. The limit of detection (LOD) was established with serial dilutions of the target N. meningitidis DNA and calculated by Probit regression analysis. RESULTS Six LAMP assay-specific primers were developed targeting the ctrA gene of N. meningitidis, which is conserved in all meningococcal serogroups. The LAMP primers did not amplify DNA from other bacterial DNA tested, showing 100% specificity. The use of 0.4 M betaine increased the sensitivity and stability of the reaction. LAMP-CRISPR/Cas detected meningococcal serogroups (B, C, W). The assay showed no cross-reactivity and was specific for N. meningitidis. The LOD was 74 (95% CI: 47-311) N. meningitidis copies. The LAMP-CRISPR/Cas performed well compared to the gold standard. In the 139 samples from suspected patients, the sensitivity and specificity of the test were 91% and 99% respectively. CONCLUSION This developed and optimized method can complement for the available gold standard for the timely diagnosis of meningococcal meningitis and meningococcemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao Thi Huyen
- Vietnamese - German Center for Medical Research (VG-CARE), 108 Military Central Hospital, Nr 1, Tran Hung Dao Street, Hai Ba Trung Dist., Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Julien Reboud
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Dao Thanh Quyen
- Vietnamese - German Center for Medical Research (VG-CARE), 108 Military Central Hospital, Nr 1, Tran Hung Dao Street, Hai Ba Trung Dist., Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
- Department of Molecular Biology, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Jonathan M Cooper
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Thirumalaisamy P Velavan
- Vietnamese - German Center for Medical Research (VG-CARE), 108 Military Central Hospital, Nr 1, Tran Hung Dao Street, Hai Ba Trung Dist., Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ngo Tat Trung
- Vietnamese - German Center for Medical Research (VG-CARE), 108 Military Central Hospital, Nr 1, Tran Hung Dao Street, Hai Ba Trung Dist., Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam.
- Centre for Genetics Consultation and Cancer Screening, 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam.
| | - Le Huu Song
- Vietnamese - German Center for Medical Research (VG-CARE), 108 Military Central Hospital, Nr 1, Tran Hung Dao Street, Hai Ba Trung Dist., Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam.
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23
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Ghouneimy A, Ali Z, Aman R, Jiang W, Aouida M, Mahfouz M. CRISPR-Based Multiplex Detection of Human Papillomaviruses for One-Pot Point-of-Care Diagnostics. ACS Synth Biol 2024; 13:837-850. [PMID: 38349963 PMCID: PMC10949237 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The World Health Organization's global initiative toward eliminating high-risk Human Papillomavirus (hrHPV)-related cancers recommends DNA testing over visual inspection in all settings for primary cancer screening and HPV eradication by 2100. However, multiple hrHPV types cause different types of cancers, and there is a pressing need for an easy-to-use, multiplex point-of-care diagnostic platform for detecting different hrHPV types. Recently, CRISPR-Cas systems have been repurposed for point-of-care detection. Here, we established a CRISPR-Cas multiplexed diagnostic assay (CRISPRD) to detect cervical cancer-causing hrHPVs in one reaction (one-pot assay). We harnessed the compatibility of thermostable AapCas12b, TccCas13a, and HheCas13a nucleases with isothermal amplification and successfully detected HPV16 and HPV18, along with an internal control in a single-pot assay with a limit of detection of 10 copies and 100% specificity. This platform offers a rapid and practical solution for the multiplex detection of hrHPVs, which may facilitate large-scale hrHPV point-of-care screening. Furthermore, the CRISPRD platform programmability enables it to be adapted for the multiplex detection of any two nucleic acid biomarkers as well as internal control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ghouneimy
- Laboratory
for Genome Engineering and Synthetic Biology, Division of Biological
Sciences, 4700 King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahir Ali
- Laboratory
for Genome Engineering and Synthetic Biology, Division of Biological
Sciences, 4700 King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid Aman
- Laboratory
for Genome Engineering and Synthetic Biology, Division of Biological
Sciences, 4700 King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wenjun Jiang
- Laboratory
for Genome Engineering and Synthetic Biology, Division of Biological
Sciences, 4700 King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustapha Aouida
- Division
of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Life
Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box: 34110 Doha, Qatar
| | - Magdy Mahfouz
- Laboratory
for Genome Engineering and Synthetic Biology, Division of Biological
Sciences, 4700 King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Jin X, Liu J, Wang J, Gao M, Zhang X. Paper-based uric acid assay in whole blood samples by Zn 2+ protein precipitation and enzyme-free colorimetric detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:1589-1597. [PMID: 38289356 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Uric acid (UA) is an important biomarker, as a high concentration in blood can lead to gout and further renal syndrome. Although several point-of-care testing (POCT) devices have been reported to detect UA, there are some limitations such as the requirement for uricase and the complicated pretreatment of serum/plasma samples, which restricts their use at home or in undeveloped areas. In this work, we developed an approach by applying Zn2+ to precipitate proteins and cells in whole blood to avoid interference with the chromogenic reaction. We used carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) to immobilize tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) on a nitrocellulose membrane for colorimetric detection. Using the oxidization properties of H2O2, which turns TMB into oxidized tetramethylbenzidine (TMBox) in the presence of catalyst gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), we successfully constructed an enzyme-free paper-based POCT device using the reduction reaction of UA and TMBox for simple, speedy, and cheap colorimetric detection of UA, achieving a detection time of 8 min, a linear range of 0-150 μg/mL, and an LOD of 25.79 μg/mL. The UA concentration in whole blood samples was further measured and correlated well with the clinical value (R2 = 0.8212). Thus, the proposed assay has the potential for POCT diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis of diseases related to UA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jiaxi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism and Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Mingxia Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiangmin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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25
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Cordioli M, Gios L, Erbogasto A, Mirandola M, Sandri A, Padovese V, Caceres C, Vargas S, Blondeel K, Silva R, Kiarie J, Kurbonov F, Peeling RW, Thwin SS, Golparian D, Unemo M, Toskin I. Clinic-based evaluation of the dual Xpert CT/NG assay on the GeneXpert System for screening for extragenital chlamydial and gonococcal infections amongst men who have sex with men. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:224. [PMID: 38418963 PMCID: PMC10902931 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infections have increased globally. Asymptomatic infections represent a significant risk of long-term complications. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionally affected, underscoring the need to offer screening programmes to this population. CT/NG Point of Care Testing (POCT) constitutes a strategic tool to improve the continuum of STI care, however extensive real-life evaluations amongst at risk populations are lacking. The aim of this study is to estimate the GeneXpert CT/NG assay performance and usability for CT and NG at genital and extragenital sites for screening amongst MSM. METHODS This study was a multi-site sexual health clinic-based evaluation (Italy, Malta and Peru) with consecutive enrolment. A first void urine sample (divided in two aliquots), two oropharyngeal and two anorectal swabs were collected for each study participant. One specimen set (one for each anatomical site) was tested with the dual index test (Cepheid) at the clinics by the healthcare staff, the other set with FDA/CE approved Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs) at the laboratory. Clinical sites and reference laboratories participated in an internal and external quality control programme. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios, positive and negative predictive values for each anatomical site were estimated using a meta-analytic approach. RESULTS One thousand seven hundred two MSM were recruited across all clinical sites for a total of 5049 biological specimens. NG and CT were respectively detected in 274 and 287 of samples. Overall, the NG POCT sensitivity and specificity was 91.43% and 99.75% in urine (LR + 372.80, LR- 0.09), 89.68% and 99.55% in rectal specimens (LR + 197.30, LR- 0.10) and 75.87% and 98.77% at the pharynx respectively (LR + 61.94, LR- 0.24). The CT component of the POCT sensitivity was 84.82% and specificity 99.63% in urine (LR + 228.68, LR- 0.15), 78.07% and 99.19% respectively on rectal site (LR + 96.23, LR-0.22), 67.79% and 99.88% respectively at pharyngeal site (LR + 554.89, LR- 0.32). 95.95% of MSM reported to be willing to wait for POCT results and no provider reported difficulties in terms of performance or interpretation of the results of the Xpert CT/NG. CONCLUSION Rapid turnaround time, ease of use and high acceptability make the Xpert CT/NG testing system a strategic tool for increasing testing frequency, reaching those not yet tested and offering the possibility of immediate treatment if needed. The assay showed good negative likelihood ratios and confirms its use to rule out CT/NG infections. Sensitivity varied across sites and pathogens. Periodic staff training at the testing sites should be mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Cordioli
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Medicine, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy.
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Sexual Health and Vulnerable Populations - Epidemiology Unit - Division of Infectious Diseases, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Gios
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Medicine, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Sexual Health and Vulnerable Populations - Epidemiology Unit - Division of Infectious Diseases, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Anna Erbogasto
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Medicine, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Mirandola
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Medicine, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Sexual Health and Vulnerable Populations - Epidemiology Unit - Division of Infectious Diseases, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Angela Sandri
- Microbiology Section, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Valeska Padovese
- Genitourinary Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
| | - Carlos Caceres
- Centro de Investigación Interdisciplinaria en Sexualidad, Sida y Sociedad, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Silver Vargas
- Centro de Investigación Interdisciplinaria en Sexualidad, Sida y Sociedad, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Karel Blondeel
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (includes the UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction [HRP]), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ronaldo Silva
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (includes the UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction [HRP]), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - James Kiarie
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (includes the UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction [HRP]), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Firdavs Kurbonov
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (includes the UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction [HRP]), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rosanna W Peeling
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Soe Soe Thwin
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (includes the UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction [HRP]), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Golparian
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and Other STIs, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Magnus Unemo
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and Other STIs, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Institute for Global Health, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Igor Toskin
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (includes the UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction [HRP]), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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26
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de Araujo WR, Lukas H, Torres MDT, Gao W, de la Fuente-Nunez C. Low-Cost Biosensor Technologies for Rapid Detection of COVID-19 and Future Pandemics. ACS NANO 2024; 18:1757-1777. [PMID: 38189684 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Many systems have been designed for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, which is the virus that causes COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 is readily transmitted, resulting in the rapid spread of disease in human populations. Frequent testing at the point of care (POC) is a key aspect for controlling outbreaks caused by SARS-CoV-2 and other emerging pathogens, as the early identification of infected individuals can then be followed by appropriate measures of isolation or treatment, maximizing the chances of recovery and preventing infectious spread. Diagnostic tools used for high-frequency testing should be inexpensive, provide a rapid diagnostic response without sophisticated equipment, and be amenable to manufacturing on a large scale. The application of these devices should enable large-scale data collection, help control viral transmission, and prevent disease propagation. Here we review functional nanomaterial-based optical and electrochemical biosensors for accessible POC testing for COVID-19. These biosensors incorporate nanomaterials coupled with paper-based analytical devices and other inexpensive substrates, traditional lateral flow technology (antigen and antibody immunoassays), and innovative biosensing methods. We critically discuss the advantages and disadvantages of nanobiosensor-based approaches compared to widely used technologies such as PCR, ELISA, and LAMP. Moreover, we delineate the main technological, (bio)chemical, translational, and regulatory challenges associated with developing functional and reliable biosensors, which have prevented their translation into the clinic. Finally, we highlight how nanobiosensors, given their unique advantages over existing diagnostic tests, may help in future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Reis de Araujo
- Portable Chemical Sensors Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Heather Lukas
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Marcelo D T Torres
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Wei Gao
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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27
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Rivera J, Mu Y, Gordon CA, Jones MK, Cheng G, Cai P. Current and upcoming point-of-care diagnostics for schistosomiasis. Trends Parasitol 2024; 40:60-74. [PMID: 38000956 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care (POC) diagnostics are simple and effective portable tools that can be used for fast mapping of helminthic diseases and monitoring control programs. Most POC tests (POCTs) available for schistosomiasis diagnosis are lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs). The emergence of simple and rapid DNA isolation methods, along with isothermal nucleic acid amplification strategies - for example, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) - and recent clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based diagnostic methods facilitate the development of molecular-based POC diagnostics for schistosomiasis. Furthermore, smartphone-based techniques increase real-time connectivity and readout accuracy of POCTs. This review discusses the recent advances in immunological-, molecular-based POCTs and mobile phone microscopes for the diagnosis/screening of schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Rivera
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yi Mu
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Catherine A Gordon
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Malcolm K Jones
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Guofeng Cheng
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Institute for Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Cai
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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28
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Vloemans D, Van Hileghem L, Ordutowski H, Dal Dosso F, Spasic D, Lammertyn J. Self-Powered Microfluidics for Point-of-Care Solutions: From Sampling to Detection of Proteins and Nucleic Acids. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2804:3-50. [PMID: 38753138 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3850-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Self-powered microfluidics presents a revolutionary approach to address the challenges of healthcare in decentralized and point-of-care settings where limited access to resources and infrastructure prevails or rapid clinical decision-making is critical. These microfluidic systems exploit physical and chemical phenomena, such as capillary forces and surface tension, to manipulate tiny volumes of fluids without the need for external power sources, making them cost-effective and highly portable. Recent technological advancements have demonstrated the ability to preprogram complex multistep liquid operations within the microfluidic circuit of these standalone systems, which enabled the integration of sensitive detection and readout principles. This chapter first addresses how the accessibility to in vitro diagnostics can be improved by shifting toward decentralized approaches like remote microsampling and point-of-care testing. Next, the crucial role of self-powered microfluidic technologies to enable this patient-centric healthcare transition is emphasized using various state-of-the-art examples, with a primary focus on applications related to biofluid collection and the detection of either proteins or nucleic acids. This chapter concludes with a summary of the main findings and our vision of the future perspectives in the field of self-powered microfluidic technologies and their use for in vitro diagnostics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dries Vloemans
- Department of Biosystems - Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Henry Ordutowski
- Department of Biosystems - Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Dragana Spasic
- Department of Biosystems - Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Lammertyn
- Department of Biosystems - Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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29
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Fameau AL, Bordes R, Evenäs L, Stubenrauch C. Liquid foams as sensors for the detection of biomarkers. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 651:987-991. [PMID: 37586153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Bioassays are widely used in healthcare to detect and quantify biomarkers, such as molecules or enzymes, which are crucial in monitoring diseases and health conditions. In developed countries, healthcare professionals use specialized reagents and equipment's to perform these bioassays. However, in less-industrialized countries, the creation of low cost, fast, and technically simple bioassays is required. Herein, we propose a simple approach for detecting biochemical markers using host-guest complexes containing a surfactant. When the biochemical marker is present, the host-guest complex is disrupted, releasing the surfactant and producing foam. The read-out mechanism relies on the change of foam volume as function of biomarker concentration. This change is quantifiable by the naked eye and can be measured with a simple ruler. We claim that the use of foams as sensing tool is an attractive, inexpensive, fast, and easy to handle on-site detection method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Fameau
- INRAe, University Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, UMET, 59000 Lille, France.
| | - Romain Bordes
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Lars Evenäs
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Cosima Stubenrauch
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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30
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Gupta A, Siddiqui F, Saxena B, Purwar S, Saigal S, Sharma JP, Kumar S. A prospective study evaluating the effect of a "Diagnostic Stewardship Care-Bundle" for automated blood culture diagnostics. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2023; 35:360-368. [PMID: 38035932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We prospectively implemented a diagnostic stewardship care-bundle checklist, 'Sepsis-48 DSB', with the aim of reducing intervening duration of key steps of automated blood culture diagnostics (aBCD). METHODS Sepsis-48 DSB was implemented for automated blood culture bottles (BCBs) received from adult intensive care units (AICUs) during the intervention period (P2; July 2020-June 2021) and intervening durations were compared with those during the retrospective, pre-intervention period (P1; March-June 2020). During both periods, provisional blood culture reports (pBCR) were issued wherein direct microbial identification (dID) was performed in BCBs with Gram-negatives by directly inoculating conventional biochemical tests and direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing (dAST) using EUCAST RAST method. The results were compared with the standard of care (SoC) method (i.e. full incubation followed by identification and AST by VITEKⓇ-2 Compact). RESULTS During P2, significant reductions in loading time (LT; median: 63.5 vs. 32 minutes, P < 0.001), time to dID+dAST performance (TTD; 186 vs. 115 minutes, P = 0.0018) and an increase in compliance to bundle targets (LT ≤45: 44% vs. 66%, P = 0.006 and TTD ≤120: 34% vs. 51.7%, P = 0.03) were observed. Using dID+dAST method, results were read 694 minutes earlier than SoC method. Of 176 pBCR, 165 (94%) were concordant with SoC in microbial identification of species. Categorical agreement for any drug-bug combination was 92.7% (1079/1164) and corresponding major, very major, and minor error rates were 8.8% (19/216), 4.9% (45/921), and 1.8% (21/1164), respectively. CONCLUSION The 'diagnostic stewardship care-bundle' strategy was successfully implemented with considerable diagnostic accuracy leading to significant reductions in duration of targeted steps of aBCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayush Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS), Bhopal, India.
| | - Farha Siddiqui
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS), Bhopal, India
| | - Bhoomika Saxena
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS), Bhopal, India
| | - Shashank Purwar
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS), Bhopal, India
| | - Saurabh Saigal
- Department of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Science, (AIIMS), Bhopal, India
| | - Jai Prakash Sharma
- Department of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Science, (AIIMS), Bhopal, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Science, (AIIMS), Bhopal, India
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31
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Gavina K, Franco LC, Khan H, Lavik JP, Relich RF. Molecular point-of-care devices for the diagnosis of infectious diseases in resource-limited settings - A review of the current landscape, technical challenges, and clinical impact. J Clin Virol 2023; 169:105613. [PMID: 37866094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2023.105613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Molecular point-of-care (POC) tests offer high sensitivity, rapid turnaround times, relative ease of use, and the convenience of laboratory-grade testing in the absence of formal laboratory spaces and equipment, making them appealing options for infectious disease diagnosis in resource-limited settings. In this review, we discuss the role and potential of molecular POC tests in resource-limited settings and their associated logistical challenges. We discuss U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval, Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments complexity levels, and the REASSURED criteria as a starting point for assessing options currently available inside and outside of the United States. We then present POC tests currently in research and development phases that have potential for commercialization and implementation in limited-resource settings. Finally, we review published studies that have assessed the clinical impact of molecular POC testing in limited- and moderate-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Gavina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Division of Clinical Microbiology, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lauren C Franco
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Haseeba Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - John-Paul Lavik
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Division of Clinical Microbiology, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ryan F Relich
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Division of Clinical Microbiology, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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32
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Eisenstein M. Putting low-cost diagnostics to the test. Nature 2023:10.1038/d41586-023-03576-4. [PMID: 38012352 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-03576-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
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33
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Yigci D, Atçeken N, Yetisen AK, Tasoglu S. Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification-Integrated CRISPR Methods for Infectious Disease Diagnosis at Point of Care. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:43357-43373. [PMID: 38027359 PMCID: PMC10666231 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases continue to pose an imminent threat to global public health, leading to high numbers of deaths every year and disproportionately impacting developing countries where access to healthcare is limited. Biological, environmental, and social phenomena, including climate change, globalization, increased population density, and social inequity, contribute to the emergence of novel communicable diseases. Rapid and accurate diagnoses of infectious diseases are essential to preventing the transmission of infectious diseases. Although some commonly used diagnostic technologies provide highly sensitive and specific measurements, limitations including the requirement for complex equipment/infrastructure and refrigeration, the need for trained personnel, long sample processing times, and high cost remain unresolved. To ensure global access to affordable diagnostic methods, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) integrated clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) based pathogen detection has emerged as a promising technology. Here, LAMP-integrated CRISPR-based nucleic acid detection methods are discussed in point-of-care (PoC) pathogen detection platforms, and current limitations and future directions are also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defne Yigci
- School
of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Nazente Atçeken
- Koç
University Translational Medicine Research Center (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Ali K. Yetisen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Savas Tasoglu
- Koç
University Translational Medicine Research Center (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
- Boğaziçi
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Boğaziçi
University, Istanbul 34684, Turkey
- Koç
University Arçelik Research Center for Creative Industries
(KUAR), Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
- Physical
Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute
for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
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Liu Y, Wei Z, Damian M, Zhu X, Knaus T, Zhang H, Mutti FG, Loeffler FF. Recyclable and Robust Optical Nanoprobes with Engineered Enzymes for Sustainable Serodiagnostics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2306615. [PMID: 37738281 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Recyclable fluorescence assays that can be stored at room temperature would greatly benefit biomedical diagnostics by bringing sustainability and cost-efficiency, especially for point-of-care serodiagnostics in developing regions. Here, a general strategy is proposed to generate recyclable fluorescent probes by using engineered enzymes with enhanced thermo-/chemo-stability, which maintains an outstanding serodiagnostic performance (accuracy >95%) after 10 times of recycling as well as after storage at elevated temperatures (37 °C for 10 days). With these three outstanding properties, recyclable fluorescent probes can be designed to detect various biomarkers of clinical importance by using different enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Liu
- Department of Biomolecular System, Max-Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- van' t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Free University of Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zheng Wei
- van' t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Damian
- van' t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Xingjun Zhu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Tanja Knaus
- van' t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Hong Zhang
- van' t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco G Mutti
- van' t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Felix F Loeffler
- Department of Biomolecular System, Max-Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
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Taslimi Y, Habibzadeh S, Goyonlo VM, Akbarzadeh A, Azarpour Z, Gharibzadeh S, Shokouhy M, Persson J, Harandi AM, Mizbani A, Rafati S. Tape-disc-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (TD-LAMP) method as noninvasive approach for diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. tropica. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21397. [PMID: 38027876 PMCID: PMC10643283 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a parasitic disease caused by the bite of infectious female sand flies with high socioeconomic burdens. There is currently no non-invasive, point-of-care, diagnostic method with high sensitivity and specificity available for CL. We herein report the development of a non-invasive tape disc (TD) sampling method combined with a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay using primer sets targeting kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) of Leishmania tropica (L. tropica) with a colorimetric readout for species-specific diagnosis of CL. We tested our Tape-Disc (TD)-LAMP method on a panel of skin samples collected by TD from 35 confirmed L. tropica patients, 35 healthy individuals and 35 patients with non-L. tropica infections. The detection limit of the TD-LAMP assay was determined as 1 fg (fg), and the assay sensitivity and specificity of 97 % and 100 % for L. tropica infection, respectively. This non-invasive, sensitive and rapid diagnostic method warrants further exploration of its use for differential diagnosis of CL in disease endemic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Taslimi
- Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Habibzadeh
- Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amin Akbarzadeh
- Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Azarpour
- Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Safoora Gharibzadeh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Shokouhy
- Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Josefine Persson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ali M. Harandi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Sima Rafati
- Department of Immunotherapy and Leishmania Vaccine Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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36
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Fiordelisio T. Editorial: Methods in biosensors and biomolecular electronics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1294221. [PMID: 37915550 PMCID: PMC10616897 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1294221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Fiordelisio
- Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio Nacional de Soluciones Biomiméticas para Diagnóstico y Terapia LaNSBioDyT, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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37
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de Souza LR, da Silva IEP, Celis-Silva G, Raddatz BW, Imamura LM, Kim EYS, Valderrama GV, Riedi HDP, Rogal SR, de Almeida BMM, Figueredo MVM, Bengtson MH, Massirer KB. Improved protocol for Bst polymerase and reverse transcriptase production and application to a point-of-care diagnostics system. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1671-1683. [PMID: 38088106 PMCID: PMC10723028 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231215815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has raised awareness in the scientific community about the importance of being prepared for sanitary emergencies. Many measures implemented during the COVID pandemic are now being expanded to other applications. In the field of molecular and immunological diagnostics, the need to massively test the population worldwide resulted in the application of a variety of methods to detect viral infection. Besides gold standard reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), the use of reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) arose as an alternative and sensitive method to amplify and detect viral genetic material. We have used openly available protocols and have improved the protein production of RT-LAMP enzymes Bst polymerase and HIV-reverse transcriptase. To optimize enzyme production, we tested different protein tags, and we shortened the protein purification protocol, resulting in reduced processing time and handling of the enzymes and, thus, preserved the protein activity with high purity. The enzymes showed significant stability at 4 °C and 25 °C, over 60 days, and were highly reliable when used as a one-step RT-LAMP reaction in a portable point-of-care device with clinical samples. The enzymes and the reaction setup can be further expanded to detect other infectious diseases agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Rodrigo de Souza
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas/SP 13083-875, Brazil
- Center for Medicinal Chemistry (CQMED), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas/SP 13083-886, Brazil
| | - Italo Esposti Poly da Silva
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas/SP 13083-875, Brazil
- Center for Medicinal Chemistry (CQMED), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas/SP 13083-886, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas/SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Gabriele Celis-Silva
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas/SP 13083-875, Brazil
- Center for Medicinal Chemistry (CQMED), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas/SP 13083-886, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Gabriel Vieira Valderrama
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas/SP 13083-875, Brazil
- Center for Medicinal Chemistry (CQMED), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas/SP 13083-886, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Mario Henrique Bengtson
- Center for Medicinal Chemistry (CQMED), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas/SP 13083-886, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas/SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Katlin Brauer Massirer
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas/SP 13083-875, Brazil
- Center for Medicinal Chemistry (CQMED), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas/SP 13083-886, Brazil
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38
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Gupta A, Siddiqui F, Saxena B, Purwar S, Saigal S, Sharma JP, Kumar S. A prospective study evaluating the effect of a 'Diagnostic Stewardship Care-Bundle' for automated blood culture diagnostics. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2023; 34:119-126. [PMID: 37437843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We prospectively implemented a diagnostic stewardship care-bundle checklist, 'Sepsis-48 DSB', with the aim of reducing intervening duration of key steps of automated blood culture diagnostics (aBCD). METHODS Sepsis-48 DSB was implemented for automated blood culture bottles (BCBs) received from adult intensive care units (AICUs) during the intervention period (P2; July 2020-June 2021) and intervening durations were compared with those during the retrospective, pre-intervention period (P1; March-June 2020). During both periods, provisional blood culture reports (pBCR) were issued wherein direct microbial identification (dID) was performed in BCBs with Gram-negatives by directly inoculating conventional biochemical tests and direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing (dAST) using EUCAST RAST method. The results were compared with the standard of care (SoC) method (i.e. full incubation followed by identification and AST by VITEKⓇ-2 Compact). RESULTS During P2, significant reductions in loading time (LT) [median: 63.5 vs. 32 minutes, P < 0.001], time to dID+dAST performance (TTD) [186 vs. 115 minutes, P = 0.0018] and an increase in compliance to bundle targets [LT ≤45: 44% vs. 66%, P = 0.006 and TTD ≤120: 34% vs. 51.7%, P = 0.03] were observed. Using dID+dAST method, results were read 694 minutes earlier than SoC method. Of 176 pBCR, 165 (94%) were concordant with SoC in microbial identification of species. Categorical agreement for any drug-bug combination was 92.7% (1079/1164) and corresponding major, very major, and minor error rates were 8.8% (19/216), 4.9% (45/921), and 1.8% (21/1164), respectively. CONCLUSION The 'diagnostic stewardship care-bundle' strategy was successfully implemented with considerable diagnostic accuracy leading to significant reductions in duration of targeted steps of aBCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayush Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS), Bhopal, India.
| | - Farha Siddiqui
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS), Bhopal, India
| | - Bhoomika Saxena
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS), Bhopal, India
| | - Shashank Purwar
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS), Bhopal, India
| | - Saurabh Saigal
- Department of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Science, (AIIMS), Bhopal, India
| | - Jai Prakash Sharma
- Department of Critical Care and Anesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Science, (AIIMS), Bhopal, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Science, (AIIMS), Bhopal, India
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39
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Ayaz Kök S, Üstün S, Taşkent Sezgin H. Diagnosis of Ruminant Viral Diseases with Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1228-1241. [PMID: 36719638 PMCID: PMC9888337 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00674-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases in livestock industry are major problems for animal health, food safety, and the economy. Zoonotic diseases from farm animals are significant threat to human population as well. These are notifiable diseases listed by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). Rapid diagnostic methods can help keep infectious diseases under control in herds. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a simple and rapid nucleic acid amplification method that is studied widely for detection of many infectious diseases in the field. LAMP allows biosensing of target DNA or RNA under isothermal conditions with high specificity in a short period of time. An untrained user can analyze results based on color change or turbidity. Here we review LAMP assays to diagnose OIE notifiable ruminant viral diseases in literature highlighting properties of LAMP method considering what is expected from an efficient, field usable diagnostic test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanem Ayaz Kök
- Biotechnology Interdisciplinary Program, İzmir Institute of Technology, Gülbahçe, Urla, İzmir, Turkey, 35430
- New Era Biotechnology, Teknopark İzmir, Gülbahçe, Urla, İzmir, Turkey, 35430
| | - Selcen Üstün
- Bioengineering Department, İzmir Institute of Technology, Gülbahçe, Urla, İzmir, Turkey, 35430
| | - Hümeyra Taşkent Sezgin
- Biotechnology Interdisciplinary Program, İzmir Institute of Technology, Gülbahçe, Urla, İzmir, Turkey, 35430.
- New Era Biotechnology, Teknopark İzmir, Gülbahçe, Urla, İzmir, Turkey, 35430.
- Bioengineering Department, İzmir Institute of Technology, Gülbahçe, Urla, İzmir, Turkey, 35430.
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40
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Aslan Y, Atabay M, Chowdhury HK, Göktürk I, Saylan Y, Inci F. Aptamer-Based Point-of-Care Devices: Emerging Technologies and Integration of Computational Methods. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13050569. [PMID: 37232930 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Recent innovations in point-of-care (POC) diagnostic technologies have paved a critical road for the improved application of biomedicine through the deployment of accurate and affordable programs into resource-scarce settings. The utilization of antibodies as a bio-recognition element in POC devices is currently limited due to obstacles associated with cost and production, impeding its widespread adoption. One promising alternative, on the other hand, is aptamer integration, i.e., short sequences of single-stranded DNA and RNA structures. The advantageous properties of these molecules are as follows: small molecular size, amenability to chemical modification, low- or nonimmunogenic characteristics, and their reproducibility within a short generation time. The utilization of these aforementioned features is critical in developing sensitive and portable POC systems. Furthermore, the deficiencies related to past experimental efforts to improve biosensor schematics, including the design of biorecognition elements, can be tackled with the integration of computational tools. These complementary tools enable the prediction of the reliability and functionality of the molecular structure of aptamers. In this review, we have overviewed the usage of aptamers in the development of novel and portable POC devices, in addition to highlighting the insights that simulations and other computational methods can provide into the use of aptamer modeling for POC integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Aslan
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Maryam Atabay
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Hussain Kawsar Chowdhury
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Ilgım Göktürk
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Yeşeren Saylan
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Fatih Inci
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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41
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Wang K, Seol H, Cheng A, McKeague N, Carlson M, Degraff W, Huang S, Kim S. Simple Bioparticle Filtration Device Based on an Ultralow-Fouling Zwitterionic Polyurethane Membrane for Rapid Large-Volume Separation of Plasma and Viruses from Whole Blood. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13050524. [PMID: 37233584 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plasma separation from whole blood is oftent required as an essential first step when performing blood tests with a viral assay. However, developing a point-of-care plasma extraction device with a large output and high virus recovery remains a significant obstacle to the success of on-site viral load tests. Here, we report a portable, easy-to-use, cost-efficient, membrane-filtration-based plasma separation device that enables rapid large-volume plasma extraction from whole blood, designed for point-of-care virus assays. The plasma separation is realized by a low-fouling zwitterionic polyurethane-modified cellulose acetate (PCBU-CA) membrane. The zwitterionic coating on the cellulose acetate membrane can decrease surface protein adsorption by 60% and increase plasma permeation by 46% compared with a pristine membrane. The PCBU-CA membrane, with its ultralow-fouling properties, enables rapid plasma separation. The device can yield a total of 1.33 mL plasma from 10 mL whole blood in 10 min. The extracted plasma is cell-free and exhibits a low hemoglobin level. In addition, our device demonstrated a 57.8% T7 phage recovery in the separated plasma. The results of real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed that the nucleic acid amplification curve of the plasma extracted by our device is comparable to that obtained by centrifugation. With its high plasma yield and good phage recovery, our plasma separation device provides an excellent replacement for traditional plasma separation protocols for point-of-care virus assays and a broad spectrum of clinical tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Hyang Seol
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Alex Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
- New Trier High School, New Trier, IL 60093, USA
| | - Nash McKeague
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
- University of Chicago Laboratory Schools, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Megan Carlson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Wade Degraff
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Sijia Huang
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Sangil Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
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Fang J, Liu J, Cheng N, Kang X, Huang Z, Wang G, Xiong X, Lu T, Gong Z, Huang Z, Che J, Xiang T. Four thermostatic steps: A novel CRISPR-Cas12-based system for the rapid at-home detection of respiratory pathogens. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12568-3. [PMID: 37166482 PMCID: PMC10173909 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12568-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in 2019 has severely damaged the world's economy and public health and made people pay more attention to respiratory infectious diseases. However, traditional quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) nucleic acid detection kits require RNA extraction, reverse transcription, and amplification, as well as the support of large-scale equipment to enrich and purify nucleic acids and precise temperature control. Therefore, novel, fast, convenient, sensitive and specific detection methods are urgently being developed and moving to proof of concept test. In this study, we developed a new nucleic acid detection system, referred to as 4 Thermostatic steps (4TS), which innovatively allows all the detection processes to be completed in a constant temperature device, which performs extraction, amplification, cutting of targets, and detection within 40 min. The assay can specifically and sensitively detect five respiratory pathogens, namely SARS-CoV-2, Mycoplasma felis (MF), Chlamydia felis (CF), Feline calicivirus (FCV), and Feline herpes virus (FHV). In addition, a cost-effective and practical small-scale reaction device was designed and developed to maintain stable reaction conditions. The results of the detection of the five viruses show that the sensitivity of the system is greater than 94%, and specificity is 100%. The 4TS system does not require complex equipment, which makes it convenient and fast to operate, and allows immediate testing for suspected infectious agents at home or in small clinics. Therefore, the assay system has diagnostic value and significant potential for further reducing the cost of early screening of infectious diseases and expanding its application. KEY POINTS: • The 4TS system enables the accurate and specific detection of nucleic acid of pathogens at 37 °C in four simple steps, and the whole process only takes 40 min. •A simple alkali solution can be used to extract nucleic acid. • A small portable device simple to operate is developed for home diagnosis and detection of respiratory pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Fang
- Department of Infection Control in Jiangxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Infection Control in Jiangxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Cheng
- Department of Infection Control in Jiangxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuhua Kang
- Department of Infection Control in Jiangxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanchao Huang
- Department of Infection Control in Jiangxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyu Wang
- Department of Infection Control in Jiangxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Xiong
- Department of Infection Control in Jiangxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Lu
- Jiangxi Zhongke Yanyuan Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenghua Gong
- Jiangxi Zhongke Yanyuan Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Huang
- Emergency Department, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Jun Che
- Shenzhen Institute of Quality & Safety Inspection and Research, Shenzhen, 518036, China.
| | - Tianxin Xiang
- Department of Infection Control in Jiangxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 341000, People's Republic of China.
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Ceruti A, Dia N, Bakarey AS, Ssekitoleko J, Andriamandimby SF, Malwengo-Kasongo P, Ahmed RHA, Kobialka RM, Heraud JM, Diagne MM, Dione MHD, Dieng I, Faye M, Faye O, Rafisandratantsoa JT, Ravalohery JP, Raharinandrasana C, Randriambolamanantsoa TH, Razanajatovo N, Razanatovo I, Rabarison JH, Dussart P, Kyei-Tuffuor L, Agbanyo A, Adewumi OM, Fowotade A, Raifu MK, Okitale-Talunda P, Kashitu-Mujinga G, Mbelu-Kabongo C, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Makaka-Mutondo A, Abdalla EM, Idris SM, Elmagzoub WA, Ali RH, Nour EOM, Ebraheem RSM, Ahmed HHH, Abdalla HE, Elnegoumi M, Mukhtar I, Adam MAM, Mohamed NYI, Bedri SA, Hamdan HM, Kisekka M, Mpumwiire M, Aloyo SM, Wandera JN, Agaba A, Kamulegeya R, Kiprotich H, Kateete DP, Kadetz P, Truyen U, Eltom KH, Sakuntabhai A, Okuni JB, Makiala-Mandanda S, Lacoste V, Ademowo GO, Frimpong M, Sall AA, Weidmann M, Abd El Wahed A. A multi-country phase 2 study to evaluate the suitcase lab for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 in seven Sub-Saharan African countries: Lessons from the field. J Clin Virol 2023; 162:105422. [PMID: 36989731 PMCID: PMC9981265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2023.105422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic led to severe health systems collapse, as well as logistics and supply delivery shortages across sectors. Delivery of PCR related healthcare supplies continue to be hindered. There is the need for a rapid and accessible SARS-CoV-2 molecular detection method in low resource settings. OBJECTIVES To validate a novel isothermal amplification method for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 across seven sub-Sharan African countries. STUDY DESIGN In this multi-country phase 2 diagnostic study, 3,231 clinical samples in seven African sites were tested with two reverse transcription Recombinase-Aided Amplification (RT-RAA) assays (based on SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid (N) gene and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) gene). The test was performed in a mobile suitcase laboratory within 15 min. All results were compared to a real-time RT-PCR assay. Extraction kits based on silica gel or magnetic beads were applied. RESULTS Four sites demonstrated good to excellent agreement, while three sites showed fair to moderate results. The RdRP gene assay exhibited an overall PPV of 0.92 and a NPV of 0.88. The N gene assay exhibited an overall PPV of 0.93 and a NPV 0.88. The sensitivity of both RT-RAA assays varied depending on the sample Ct values. When comparing sensitivity between sites, values differed considerably. For high viral load samples, the RT-RAA assay sensitivity ranges were between 60.5 and 100% (RdRP assay) and 25 and 98.6 (N assay). CONCLUSION Overall, the RdRP based RT-RAA test showed the best assay accuracy. This study highlights the challenges of implementing rapid molecular assays in field conditions. Factors that are important for successful deployment across countries include the implementation of standardized operation procedures, in-person continuous training for staff, and enhanced quality control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Ceruti
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Leipzig University, Germany.
| | - Ndongo Dia
- Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 12900, Senegal
| | - Adeleye Solomon Bakarey
- Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training (IAMRAT), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Judah Ssekitoleko
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, P.o.Box 7062 Uganda
| | | | - Padra Malwengo-Kasongo
- Department of Virology at the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC); Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
| | - Rasheeda H A Ahmed
- Tuberculosis National Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Laboratory, El Qasr Avenue, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Rea Maja Kobialka
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Leipzig University, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Idrissa Dieng
- Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 12900, Senegal
| | - Martin Faye
- Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 12900, Senegal
| | - Ousmane Faye
- Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 12900, Senegal
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Iony Razanatovo
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Republic of Madagascar
| | | | - Phillipe Dussart
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Republic of Madagascar
| | - Louis Kyei-Tuffuor
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | - Abigail Agbanyo
- Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | | | - Adeola Fowotade
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Muideen Kolawole Raifu
- Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training (IAMRAT), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Patient Okitale-Talunda
- Department of Virology at the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC); Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
| | - Gracia Kashitu-Mujinga
- Department of Virology at the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC); Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
| | - Christelle Mbelu-Kabongo
- Department of Virology at the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC); Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
| | - Steve Ahuka-Mundeke
- Department of Virology at the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC); Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
| | - Anguy Makaka-Mutondo
- Department of Virology at the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC); Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
| | - Enas M Abdalla
- Unit of Animal Health and Safety of Animal Products, Institute for Studies and Promotion of Animal Exports, University of Khartoum, 13314 Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Sanaa M Idris
- Unit of Animal Health and Safety of Animal Products, Institute for Studies and Promotion of Animal Exports, University of Khartoum, 13314 Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Wisal A Elmagzoub
- Unit of Animal Health and Safety of Animal Products, Institute for Studies and Promotion of Animal Exports, University of Khartoum, 13314 Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Rahma H Ali
- Tuberculosis National Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Laboratory, El Qasr Avenue, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Eman O M Nour
- Tuberculosis National Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Laboratory, El Qasr Avenue, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Rasha S M Ebraheem
- Tuberculosis National Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Laboratory, El Qasr Avenue, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Huda H H Ahmed
- Tuberculosis National Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Laboratory, El Qasr Avenue, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Hamadelniel E Abdalla
- Tuberculosis National Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Laboratory, El Qasr Avenue, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Musab Elnegoumi
- Tuberculosis National Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Laboratory, El Qasr Avenue, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Izdihar Mukhtar
- Tuberculosis National Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Laboratory, El Qasr Avenue, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Muatsim A M Adam
- Tuberculosis National Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Laboratory, El Qasr Avenue, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Nuha Y I Mohamed
- Tuberculosis National Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Laboratory, El Qasr Avenue, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Shahinaz A Bedri
- Tuberculosis National Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Laboratory, El Qasr Avenue, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Magid Kisekka
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, P.o.Box 7062 Uganda
| | - Monica Mpumwiire
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, P.o.Box 7062 Uganda
| | - Sharley Melissa Aloyo
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Uganda
| | - Joanita Nabwire Wandera
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Uganda
| | - Andrew Agaba
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Uganda
| | - Rogers Kamulegeya
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Uganda
| | - Hosea Kiprotich
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Uganda
| | - David Patrick Kateete
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Uganda
| | - Paul Kadetz
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Queen Margaret University, United Kingdom
| | - Uwe Truyen
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Leipzig University, Germany
| | - Kamal H Eltom
- Unit of Animal Health and Safety of Animal Products, Institute for Studies and Promotion of Animal Exports, University of Khartoum, 13314 Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Anavaj Sakuntabhai
- Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, France
| | - Julius Boniface Okuni
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, P.o.Box 7062 Uganda
| | - Sheila Makiala-Mandanda
- Department of Virology at the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC); Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
| | - Vincent Lacoste
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Republic of Madagascar
| | - George Olusegun Ademowo
- Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training (IAMRAT), College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Michael Frimpong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana; Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | - Amadou Alpha Sall
- Virology Department, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar 12900, Senegal
| | - Manfred Weidmann
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Germany
| | - Ahmed Abd El Wahed
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Leipzig University, Germany
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Schaumburg F, Pujato N, Peverengo LM, Marcipar IS, Berli CLA. Coupling ELISA to smartphones for POCT of chronic and congenital Chagas disease. Talanta 2023; 256:124246. [PMID: 36657239 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease (CD) affects about 7 million people worldwide, presents a large prevalence in Latin America, and is growing in the rest of the world, where congenital CD is the main mode of transmission. Point-of-care testing (POCT) methods are increasingly required to ease early diagnostics and increase treatment success. This work presents the development and validation of a smartphone-integrated ELISA-based POCT system for the detection of both chronic and congenital CD. Expensive and bulky equipment used for ELISA in conventional laboratories was replaced as follows. A miniaturized device was fabricated for incubation of commercial ELISA plates, achieving ∼±1 °C uniformity and stability. The ELISA plate reader was replaced by smartphone camera and image processing, comprising algorithms to account for variability sources and spatial light non-uniformity; thus, additional hardware like a dark-box is not required. The agreement between samples classified with this novel reading method vs. ELISA plate reader was found to be 99.7% and 95.4% for chronic and congenital CD, respectively. Furthermore, a smartphone application was designed and implemented to guide the user during the assay, provide connectivity, and access databases, facilitating patient monitoring and health-policy making. The whole system is aimed to be used as a practical diagnostic tool in primary health care settings, as well as to facilitate patients' follow-up to provide better treatment. Concerning the technology itself, the proposed POCT platform is versatile enough to be readily adapted for the detection of other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Schaumburg
- INTEC (Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET), Predio CCT CONICET-Santa Fe, RN 168, Santa Fe, S3000GLN, Argentina.
| | - Nazarena Pujato
- Laboratorio de Tecnología Inmunológica (FBCB, Universidad Nacional del Litoral), Ciudad Universitaria, RN 168, Santa Fe, S3000GLN, Argentina.
| | - Luz María Peverengo
- Laboratorio de Tecnología Inmunológica (FBCB, Universidad Nacional del Litoral), Ciudad Universitaria, RN 168, Santa Fe, S3000GLN, Argentina.
| | - Iván Sergio Marcipar
- Laboratorio de Tecnología Inmunológica (FBCB, Universidad Nacional del Litoral), Ciudad Universitaria, RN 168, Santa Fe, S3000GLN, Argentina.
| | - Claudio Luis Alberto Berli
- INTEC (Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET), Predio CCT CONICET-Santa Fe, RN 168, Santa Fe, S3000GLN, Argentina.
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45
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Nielsen LE, Mahlen S, Sutter DE. Will Antigen Testing Remain Relevant in the Point-of-Care Testing Environment? Clin Lab Med 2023; 43:167-179. [PMID: 37169440 DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Before the molecular age, cell culture was the gold standard for confirmatory diagnosis of viral and atypical infectious diseases. Typical cell culture methodologies are costly, require days (or weeks) for results, and require significant technical expertise. As a result, cell culture is impractical for timely diagnostic testing in most of the health care environments. Traditional bacterial culture methods, also have disadvantages due to the need for incubation, subsequent identification of pathogens, and significant technical expertise. This article discusses the general considerations of antigen and molecular assays and the merits and factors to consider when implementing diagnostic assays for several common pathogens.
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46
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Haggenmüller V, Bogler L, Weber AC, Kumar A, Bärnighausen T, Danquah I, Vollmer S. Smartphone-based point-of-care anemia screening in rural Bihar in India. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2023; 3:38. [PMID: 36949164 PMCID: PMC10033918 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00267-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high prevalence of anemia in resource-constrained settings calls for easy-to-use, inexpensive screening tools. The Sanguina Smartphone App, an innovative tool for non-invasive hemoglobin estimation via color-sensitive, algorithm-based analysis of fingernail bed images, was validated in the United States. This study evaluates the performance of the App in a population with different socio-economic, ethnic, demographic and cultural composition in rural Bihar, India. METHODS For 272 mainly adult patients of a private health centre, hemoglobin measurement with the App is compared with the gold standard laboratory blood analysis. For a second sample of 179 children attending pre-schools, hemoglobin measurement with the App is compared to the results of the HemoCue Hb 301, a point-of-care device using a small blood sample, serving as the reference standard for field-based settings. RESULTS The App reaches ±4.43 g/dl accuracy and 0.38 g/dl bias of comparator values in the clinic-based sample, and ±3.54 g/dl and 1.30 g/dl, respectively in the pre-school sample. After retraining the algorithm with the collected data, the validity of the upgraded version is retested showing an improved performance (accuracy of ±2.25 g/dl, bias of 0.25 g/dl), corresponding to the results of the original validation study from the United States. CONCLUSIONS The initial version of the App does not achieve the accuracy needed for diagnosis or screening. After retraining the algorithm, it achieves an accuracy sufficient for screening. The improved version with the potential for further adaptions is a promising easy-to-use, inexpensive screening tool for anemia in resource-constrained point-of-care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Haggenmüller
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.3, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Bogler
- Centre for Modern Indian Studies (CeMIS), University of Goettingen, Waldweg 26, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Ann-Charline Weber
- Centre for Modern Indian Studies (CeMIS), University of Goettingen, Waldweg 26, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Abhijeet Kumar
- Centre for Modern Indian Studies (CeMIS), University of Goettingen, Waldweg 26, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Till Bärnighausen
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.3, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ina Danquah
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 130.3, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Vollmer
- Centre for Modern Indian Studies (CeMIS), University of Goettingen, Waldweg 26, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
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Park SJ, Lee S, Lee D, Lee NE, Park JS, Hong JH, Jang JW, Kim H, Roh S, Lee G, Lee D, Cho SY, Park C, Lee DG, Lee R, Nho D, Yoon DS, Yoo YK, Lee JH. PCR-like performance of rapid test with permselective tunable nanotrap. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1520. [PMID: 36934093 PMCID: PMC10024276 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly sensitive rapid testing for COVID-19 is essential for minimizing virus transmission, especially before the onset of symptoms and in asymptomatic cases. Here, we report bioengineered enrichment tools for lateral flow assays (LFAs) with enhanced sensitivity and specificity (BEETLES2), achieving enrichment of SARS-CoV-2 viruses, nucleocapsid (N) proteins and immunoglobulin G (IgG) with 3-minute operation. The limit of detection is improved up to 20-fold. We apply this method to clinical samples, including 83% with either intermediate (35%) or low viral loads (48%), collected from 62 individuals (n = 42 for positive and n = 20 for healthy controls). We observe diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 88.1%, 100%, and 91.9%, respectively, compared with commercial LFAs alone achieving 14.29%, 100%, and 41.94%, respectively. BEETLES2, with permselectivity and tunability, can enrich the SARS-CoV-2 virus, N proteins, and IgG in the nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab, saliva, and blood serum, enabling reliable and sensitive point-of-care testing, facilitating fast early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Jun Park
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmin Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongtak Lee
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Eun Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Soo Park
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Hong
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Jang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunji Kim
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokbeom Roh
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Korea
| | - Gyudo Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Korea
| | - Dongho Lee
- CALTH Inc., Changeop-ro 54, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13449, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Yeon Cho
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulmin Park
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gun Lee
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Raeseok Lee
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dukhee Nho
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sung Yoon
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- Astrion Inc, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Kyoung Yoo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Catholic Kwandong University, 24, Beomil-ro 579 beon-gil, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, 25601, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Hoon Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea.
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48
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Peeling RW, Sia SK. Lessons from COVID-19 for improving diagnostic access in future pandemics. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:1376-1388. [PMID: 36629022 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00662f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, we have witnessed the critical and expanding roles of testing. Despite the development of over a thousand brand of tests - with some close to fulfilling the 4As (accuracy, access, affordability, and actionability via quick time to result) of an ideal diagnostic test - gaps persisted in developing tests to fit public health needs, and in providing equitable access. Here, we review how the use cases for testing evolved over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, with associated engineering challenges (and potential lessons) at each phase for test developers. We summarise lessons learnt from the recent epidemic and propose four areas for future cooperative effort among test developers, government regulators and policy makers, public health experts, and the public: 1) develop new models for public sector funding and research and development; 2) increase testing capacity by investing in adaptable open-platform technologies at every level of the healthcare system; 3) build data connectivity infrastructures to support a connected diagnostic system as a backbone for surveillance; and 4) facilitate the rapid translation of innovation into use through a coordinated framework for regulatory approval and policy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna W Peeling
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
| | - Samuel K Sia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, USA
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49
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A Systematic Review on the Advanced Techniques of Wearable Point-of-Care Devices and Their Futuristic Applications. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13050916. [PMID: 36900059 PMCID: PMC10001196 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13050916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Personalized point-of-care testing (POCT) devices, such as wearable sensors, enable quick access to health monitoring without the use of complex instruments. Wearable sensors are gaining popularity owing to their ability to offer regular and continuous monitoring of physiological data by dynamic, non-invasive assessments of biomarkers in biofluids such as tear, sweat, interstitial fluid and saliva. Current advancements have concentrated on the development of optical and electrochemical wearable sensors as well as advances in non-invasive measurements of biomarkers such as metabolites, hormones and microbes. For enhanced wearability and ease of operation, microfluidic sampling, multiple sensing, and portable systems have been incorporated with materials that are flexible. Although wearable sensors show promise and improved dependability, they still require more knowledge about interaction between the target sample concentrations in blood and non-invasive biofluids. In this review, we have described the importance of wearable sensors for POCT, their design and types of these devices. Following which, we emphasize on the current breakthroughs in the application of wearable sensors in the realm of wearable integrated POCT devices. Lastly, we discuss the present obstacles and forthcoming potentials including the use of Internet of Things (IoT) for offering self-healthcare using wearable POCT.
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50
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Mazur F, Tjandra AD, Zhou Y, Gao Y, Chandrawati R. Paper-based sensors for bacteria detection. NATURE REVIEWS BIOENGINEERING 2023; 1:180-192. [PMID: 36937095 PMCID: PMC9926459 DOI: 10.1038/s44222-023-00024-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The detection of pathogenic bacteria is essential to prevent and treat infections and to provide food security. Current gold-standard detection techniques, such as culture-based assays and polymerase chain reaction, are time-consuming and require centralized laboratories. Therefore, efforts have focused on developing point-of-care devices that are fast, cheap, portable and do not require specialized training. Paper-based analytical devices meet these criteria and are particularly suitable to deployment in low-resource settings. In this Review, we highlight paper-based analytical devices with substantial point-of-care applicability for bacteria detection and discuss challenges and opportunities for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Mazur
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales Australia
| | - Angie Davina Tjandra
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales Australia
| | - Yingzhu Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales Australia
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales Australia
| | - Rona Chandrawati
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales Australia
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