1
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Popescu BO, Batzu L, Ruiz PJG, Tulbă D, Moro E, Santens P. Neuroplasticity in Parkinson's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024:10.1007/s00702-024-02813-y. [PMID: 39102007 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-024-02813-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disorder, affecting millions of people and rapidly increasing over the last decades. Even though there is no intervention yet to stop the neurodegenerative pathology, many efficient treatment methods are available, including for patients with advanced PD. Neuroplasticity is a fundamental property of the human brain to adapt both to external changes and internal insults and pathological processes. In this paper we examine the current knowledge and concepts concerning changes at network level, cellular level and molecular level as parts of the neuroplastic response to protein aggregation pathology, synapse loss and neuronal loss in PD. We analyse the beneficial, compensatory effects, such as augmentation of nigral neurons efficacy, as well as negative, maladaptive effects, such as levodopa-induced dyskinesia. Effects of physical activity and different treatments on neuroplasticity are considered and the opportunity of biomarkers identification and use is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Ovidiu Popescu
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Neurosciences and Experimental Myology, 'Victor Babeș' National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Lucia Batzu
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, The Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
- Parkinson's Foundation Centre of Excellence, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Delia Tulbă
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Moro
- Division of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, INSERM U1216, Grenoble, France
| | - Patrick Santens
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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2
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Nheu D, Petratos S. How does Nogo-A signalling influence mitochondrial function during multiple sclerosis pathogenesis? Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 163:105767. [PMID: 38885889 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a severe neurological disorder that involves inflammation in the brain, spinal cord and optic nerve with key disabling neuropathological outcomes being axonal damage and demyelination. When degeneration of the axo-glial union occurs, a consequence of inflammatory damage to central nervous system (CNS) myelin, dystrophy and death can lead to large membranous structures from dead oligodendrocytes and degenerative myelin deposited in the extracellular milieu. For the first time, this review covers mitochondrial mechanisms that may be operative during MS-related neurodegenerative changes directly activated during accumulating extracellular deposits of myelin associated inhibitory factors (MAIFs), that include the potent inhibitor of neurite outgrowth, Nogo-A. Axonal damage may occur when Nogo-A binds to and signals through its cognate receptor, NgR1, a multimeric complex, to initially stall axonal transport and limit the delivery of important growth-dependent cargo and subcellular organelles such as mitochondria for metabolic efficiency at sites of axo-glial disintegration as a consequence of inflammation. Metabolic efficiency in axons fails during active demyelination and progressive neurodegeneration, preceded by stalled transport of functional mitochondria to fuel axo-glial integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danica Nheu
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Prahran, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Steven Petratos
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Prahran, VIC 3004, Australia.
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3
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Qin C, Li W, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Leng Y, Ma J, Qin C, Cheng S, Xue L, Song K, Huang B. Secretory Nogo-B regulates Th2 differentiation in the lung cancer microenvironment. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112763. [PMID: 39083925 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Nogo-B, a ubiquitously expressed member of the reticulon family, plays an important role in maintaining endoplasmic reticulum (ER) structure, regulating protein folding, and calcium homeostasis. In this study, we demonstrate that Nogo-B expression and secretion are upregulated in lung cancer and correlate to overall survival. Nogo-B is secreted by various cells, particularly lung cancer cells. ER stress and phosphorylation at serine 107 can induce Nogo-B secretion. Secretory Nogo-B suppresses the differentiation of Th2 cells and the release of type 2 cytokines, thus influencing the anti-tumor effects of Th2-related immune cells, including IgE+B cell class switching and eosinophil activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfei Qin
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University China; Department of Pathology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University China
| | - Wenxia Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University China; Department of Pathology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- Department of Thoracics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University China
| | - Yang Leng
- Department of Thoracics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University China
| | - Jingyun Ma
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University China
| | - Chao Qin
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University China
| | - Shumin Cheng
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University China
| | - Ling Xue
- Department of Pathology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University China.
| | - Kuangyu Song
- School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University China.
| | - Bihui Huang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University China.
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4
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Yu M, Feng Y, Yan J, Zhang X, Tian Z, Wang T, Wang J, Shen W. Transcriptomic regulatory analysis of skeletal muscle development in landrace pigs. Gene 2024; 915:148407. [PMID: 38531491 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The development of pig skeletal muscle is a complex dynamic regulation process, which mainly includes the formation of primary and secondary muscle fibers, the remodeling of muscle fibers, and the maturation of skeletal muscle; However, the regulatory mechanism of the entire developmental process remains unclear. This study analyzed the whole-transcriptome data of skeletal muscles at 27 developmental nodes (E33-D180) in Landrace pigs, and their key regulatory factors in the development process were identified using the bioinformatics method. Firstly, we constructed a transcriptome expression map of skeletal muscle development from embryo to adulthood in Landrace pig. Subsequently, due to drastic change in gene expression, the perinatal periods including E105, D0 and D9, were focused, and the genes related to the process of muscle fiber remodeling and volume expansion were revealed. Then, though conjoint analysis with miRNA and lncRNA transcripts, a ceRNA network were identified, which consist of 11 key regulatory genes (such as CHAC1, RTN4IP1 and SESN1), 7 miRNAs and 43 lncRNAs, and they potentially play an important role in the process of muscle fiber differentiation, muscle fiber remodeling and volume expansion, intramuscular fat deposition, and other skeletal muscle developmental events. In summary, we reveal candidate genes and underlying molecular regulatory networks associated with perinatal skeletal muscle fiber type remodeling and expansion. These data provide new insights into the molecular regulation of mammalian skeletal muscle development and diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yanqin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jiamao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zhe Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Wei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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5
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Strecker JK, Schmidt-Pogoda A, Diederich K, Zaremba D, Wieters F, Beuker C, Koecke MHM, Straeten FA, Wiendl H, Minnerup J. Anti-LINGO-1 treatment restores myelination of corticospinal tract neurons and improves functional recovery after stroke. Brain Pathol 2024:e13280. [PMID: 38946137 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Demyelination of corticospinal tract neurons contributes to long-term disability after cortical stroke. Nonetheless, poststroke myelin loss has not been addressed as a therapeutic target, so far. We hypothesized that an antibody-mediated inhibition of the Nogo receptor-interacting protein (LINGO-1, leucine-rich repeat and immunoglobulin domain-containing Nogo receptor-interacting protein) may counteract myelin loss, enhance remyelination and axonal growth, and thus promote functional recovery following stroke. To verify this hypothesis, mice were subjected to photothrombotic stroke and received either an antibody against LINGO-1 (n = 19) or a control treatment (n = 18). Behavioral tests were performed to assess the effects of anti-LINGO-1 treatment on the functional recovery. Seven weeks after stroke, immunohistochemical analyses were performed to analyze the effect of anti-LINGO-1 treatment on myelination and axonal loss of corticospinal tract neurons, proliferation of oligodendrocytes and neurogenesis. Anti-LINGO-1 treatment resulted in significantly improved functional recovery (p < 0.0001, repeated measures analysis of variance), and increased neurogenesis in the hippocampus and subventricular zone of the ipsilateral hemisphere (p = 0.0094 and p = 0.032, t-test). Notably, we observed a significant increase in myelin (p = 0.0295, t-test), platelet-derived growth factor receptor α-positive oligodendrocyte precursor cells (p = 0.0356, t-test) and myelinating adenomatous polyposis coli-positive cells within the ipsilateral internal capsule of anti-LINGO-1-treated mice (p = 0.0021, t-test). In conclusion, we identified anti-LINGO-1 as the first neuroregenerative treatment that counteracts poststroke demyelination of corticospinal tract neurons, presumably by increased proliferation of myelin precursor cells, and thereby improves functional recovery. Most importantly, our study presents myelin loss as a novel therapeutic target following stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Kolja Strecker
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Antje Schmidt-Pogoda
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Kai Diederich
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dario Zaremba
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Frederique Wieters
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Carolin Beuker
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Frederike Anne Straeten
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Heinz Wiendl
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jens Minnerup
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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6
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Becker A, Filipp M, Lantz C, Glinton K, Thorp EB. HIF-1α is Required to Differentiate the Neonatal Macrophage Secretome from Adults. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.24.591000. [PMID: 38712137 PMCID: PMC11071477 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.24.591000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The immune response to stress diverges with age, with neonatal macrophages implicated in tissue regeneration versus tissue scarring and maladaptive inflammation in adults. Integral to the macrophage stress response is the recognition of hypoxia and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are often coupled. The age-specific, cell-intrinsic nature of this stress response remains vague. To uncover age-defined divergences in macrophage crosstalk potential after exposure to hypoxia and PAMPs, we interrogated the secreted proteomes of neonatal versus adult macrophages via non-biased mass spectrometry. Through this approach, we newly identified age-specific signatures in the secretomes of neonatal versus adult macrophages in response to hypoxia and the prototypical PAMP, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Neonatal macrophages polarized to an anti-inflammatory, regenerative phenotype protective against apoptosis and oxidative stress, dependent on hypoxia inducible transcription factor-1α ( HIF-1α). In contrast, adult macrophages adopted a pro-inflammatory, glycolytic phenotypic signature consistent with pathogen killing. Taken together, these data uncover fundamental age and HIF-1α dependent macrophage programs that may be targeted to calibrate the innate immune response during stress and inflammation.
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Qi B, Li T, Luo H, Hu L, Feng R, Wang D, Peng T, Ren G, Guo D, Liu M, Wang Q, Zhang M, Li Y. Reticulon 3 deficiency ameliorates post-myocardial infarction heart failure by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e503. [PMID: 38420163 PMCID: PMC10901281 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple molecular mechanisms are involved in the development of heart failure (HF) after myocardial infarction (MI). However, interventions targeting these pathological processes alone remain clinically ineffective. Therefore, it is essential to identify new therapeutic targets for alleviating cardiac dysfunction after MI. Here, gain- and loss-of-function approaches were used to investigate the role of reticulon 3 (RTN3) in HF after MI. We found that RTN3 was elevated in the myocardium of patients with HF and mice with MI. Cardiomyocyte-specific RTN3 overexpression decreased systolic function in mice under physiological conditions and exacerbated the development of HF induced by MI. Conversely, RTN3 knockout alleviated cardiac dysfunction after MI. Mechanistically, RTN3 bound and mediated heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB1) translocation from the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum. The reduction of cytosolic HSPB1 was responsible for the elevation of TLR4, which impaired mitochondrial function and promoted inflammation through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha(PGC-1α) and TLR4/Nuclear factor-kappa B(NFκB) pathways, respectively. Furthermore, the HSPB1 inhibitor reversed the protective effect of RTN3 knockout on MI. Additionally, elevated plasma RTN3 level is associated with decreased cardiac function in patients with acute MI. This study identified RTN3 as a critical driver of HF after MI and suggests targeting RTN3 as a promising therapeutic strategy for MI and related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingchao Qi
- Department of CardiologyTangdu HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an ShaanxiChina
| | - Tiantian Li
- Department of CardiologyTangdu HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an ShaanxiChina
| | - Haixia Luo
- Department of CardiologyTangdu HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an ShaanxiChina
| | - Lang Hu
- Department of CardiologyTangdu HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an ShaanxiChina
| | - Renqian Feng
- Department of CardiologyTangdu HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an ShaanxiChina
| | - Di Wang
- Department of CardiologyTangdu HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an ShaanxiChina
| | - Tingwei Peng
- Department of CardiologyTangdu HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an ShaanxiChina
| | - Gaotong Ren
- Department of CardiologyTangdu HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an ShaanxiChina
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of CardiologyTangdu HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an ShaanxiChina
| | - Mingchuan Liu
- Department of CardiologyTangdu HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an ShaanxiChina
| | - Qiuhe Wang
- Department of CardiologyTangdu HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an ShaanxiChina
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of CardiologyTangdu HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an ShaanxiChina
| | - Yan Li
- Department of CardiologyTangdu HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'an ShaanxiChina
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8
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Nibuya M, Kezuka D, Kanno Y, Wakamatsu S, Suzuki E. Behavioral stress and antidepressant treatments altered hippocampal expression of Nogo signal-related proteins in rats. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 170:207-216. [PMID: 38157668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Some immune molecules including neurite outgrowth inhibitor (Nogo) ligands and their receptor(Nogo receptor-1: NgR1)are expressed at the neuronal synaptic sites. Paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PirB) is another Nogo receptor that also binds to major histocompatibility complex I and β-amyloid and suppresses dendritic immune cell functions and neuronal plasticity in the central nervous system. Augmenting structural and functional neural plasticity by manipulating the Nogo signaling pathway is a novel promising strategy for treating brain ischemia and degenerative processes such as Alzheimer's disease. In recent decades psychiatric research using experimental animals has focused on the attenuation of neural plasticity by stress loadings and on the enhanced resilience by psychopharmacological treatments. In the present study, we examined possible expressional alterations in Nogo signal-related proteins in the rat hippocampus after behavioral stress loadings and antidepressant treatments. To validate the effectiveness of the procedures, previously reported increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) by ECS or ketamine administration and decrease of BDNF by stress loadings are also shown in the present study. Significant increases in hippocampal NgR1 and PirB expression were observed following chronic variable stress, and a significant increase in NgR1 expression was observed under a single prolonged stress paradigm. These results indicate a possible contribution of enhanced Nogo signaling to the attenuation of neural plasticity in response to stressful experiences. Additionally, the suppression of hippocampal NgR1 expression using electroconvulsive seizure treatment and administration of subanesthetic dose of ketamine supported the increased neural plasticity induced by the antidepressant treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Nibuya
- Division of Psychiatry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino, Sendai City, Miyagi, 983-8536, Japan.
| | - Dai Kezuka
- Division of Psychiatry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino, Sendai City, Miyagi, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kanno
- Division of Psychiatry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino, Sendai City, Miyagi, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Shunosuke Wakamatsu
- Division of Psychiatry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino, Sendai City, Miyagi, 983-8536, Japan
| | - Eiji Suzuki
- Division of Psychiatry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1 Fukumuro, Miyagino, Sendai City, Miyagi, 983-8536, Japan
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9
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Herzog H, Glöckler S, Flamm J, Ladel S, Maigler F, Pitzer C, Schindowski K. Intranasal Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery via the Olfactory Region in Mice: Two In-Depth Protocols for Region-Specific Intranasal Application of Antibodies and for Expression Analysis of Fc Receptors via In Situ Hybridization in the Nasal Mucosa. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2754:387-410. [PMID: 38512678 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3629-9_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
A region-specific catheter-based intranasal administration method was successfully developed, established, and validated as reported previously. By using this method, drugs can be applicated specifically to the olfactory region. Thereby, intranasally administered drugs could be delivered via neuronal connections to the central nervous system. Here, we present a detailed protocol with a step-by-step procedure for nose-to-brain delivery via the olfactory mucosa.Fc receptors such as the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) and potentially Fcγ receptor IIb (FcγRIIb) are involved in the uptake and transport of antibodies via the olfactory nasal mucosa. To better characterize their expression levels and their role in CNS drug delivery via the nose, an in situ hybridization (ISH) protocol was adapted for nasal mucosa samples and described in abundant details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Herzog
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Science Biberach, Biberach, Germany
- Faculty of Natural Science, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sara Glöckler
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Science Biberach, Biberach, Germany
- Faculty of Natural Science, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Johannes Flamm
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Science Biberach, Biberach, Germany
- Faculty of Natural Science, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Simone Ladel
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Science Biberach, Biberach, Germany
- Faculty of Natural Science, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frank Maigler
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Science Biberach, Biberach, Germany
- Faculty of Natural Science, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Claudia Pitzer
- Interdisciplinary Neurobehavioral Core, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Schindowski
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Applied Science Biberach, Biberach, Germany.
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10
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Sulak R, Liu X, Smedowski A. The concept of gene therapy for glaucoma: the dream that has not come true yet. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:92-99. [PMID: 37488850 PMCID: PMC10479832 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.375319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapies, despite of being a relatively new therapeutic approach, have a potential to become an important alternative to current treatment strategies in glaucoma. Since glaucoma is not considered a single gene disease, the identified goals of gene therapy would be rather to provide neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells, especially, in intraocular-pressure-independent manner. The most commonly reported type of vector for gene delivery in glaucoma studies is adeno-associated virus serotype 2 that has a high tropism to retinal ganglion cells, resulting in long-term expression and low immunogenic profile. The gene therapy studies recruit inducible and genetic animal models of optic neuropathy, like DBA/2J mice model of high-tension glaucoma and the optic nerve crush-model. Reported gene therapy-based neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells is targeting specific genes translating to growth factors (i.e., brain derived neurotrophic factor, and its receptor TrkB), regulation of apoptosis and neurodegeneration (i.e., Bcl-xl, Xiap, FAS system, nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferase 2, Digit3 and Sarm1), immunomodulation (i.e., Crry, C3 complement), modulation of neuroinflammation (i.e., erythropoietin), reduction of excitotoxicity (i.e., CamKIIα) and transcription regulation (i.e., Max, Nrf2). On the other hand, some of gene therapy studies focus on lowering intraocular pressure, by impacting genes involved in both, decreasing aqueous humor production (i.e., aquaporin 1), and increasing outflow facility (i.e., COX2, prostaglandin F2α receptor, RhoA/RhoA kinase signaling pathway, MMP1, Myocilin). The goal of this review is to summarize the current state-of-art and the direction of development of gene therapy strategies for glaucomatous neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sulak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Xiaonan Liu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Adrian Smedowski
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- GlaucoTech Co., Katowice, Poland
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11
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Hirt J, Khanteymoori A, Hohenhaus M, Kopp MA, Howells DW, Schwab JM, Watzlawick R. Inhibition of the Nogo-pathway in experimental spinal cord injury: a meta-analysis of 76 experimental treatments. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22898. [PMID: 38129508 PMCID: PMC10739940 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49260-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) may be propagated by plasticity-enhancing treatments. The myelin-associated nerve outgrowth inhibitor Nogo-A (Reticulon 4, RTN4) pathway has been shown to restrict neuroaxonal plasticity in experimental SCI models. Early randomized controlled trials are underway to investigate the effect of Nogo-A/Nogo-Receptor (NgR1) pathway blockers. This systematic review and meta-analysis of therapeutic approaches blocking the Nogo-A pathway interrogated the efficacy of functional locomotor recovery after experimental SCI according to a pre-registered study protocol. A total of 51 manuscripts reporting 76 experiments in 1572 animals were identified for meta-analysis. Overall, a neurobehavioral improvement by 18.9% (95% CI 14.5-23.2) was observed. Subgroup analysis (40 experiments, N = 890) revealed SCI-modelling factors associated with outcome variability. Lack of reported randomization and smaller group sizes were associated with larger effect sizes. Delayed treatment start was associated with lower effect sizes. Trim and Fill assessment as well as Egger regression suggested the presence of publication bias. Factoring in theoretically missing studies resulted in a reduced effect size [8.8% (95% CI 2.6-14.9)]. The available data indicates that inhibition of the Nogo-A/NgR1pathway alters functional recovery after SCI in animal studies although substantial differences appear for the applied injury mechanisms and other study details. Mirroring other SCI interventions assessed earlier we identify similar factors associated with outcome heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Hirt
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité Campus Mitte, Clinical and Experimental Spinal Cord Injury Research Laboratory (Neuroparaplegiology), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alireza Khanteymoori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marc Hohenhaus
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marcel A Kopp
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité Campus Mitte, Clinical and Experimental Spinal Cord Injury Research Laboratory (Neuroparaplegiology), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - David W Howells
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jan M Schwab
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité Campus Mitte, Clinical and Experimental Spinal Cord Injury Research Laboratory (Neuroparaplegiology), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Spinal Cord Injury Division (Paraplegiology), The Neurological Institute, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Departments of Neuroscience and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Neurological Institute, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ralf Watzlawick
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité Campus Mitte, Clinical and Experimental Spinal Cord Injury Research Laboratory (Neuroparaplegiology), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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12
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Chambel SS, Cruz CD. Axonal growth inhibitors and their receptors in spinal cord injury: from biology to clinical translation. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:2573-2581. [PMID: 37449592 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.373674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Axonal growth inhibitors are released during traumatic injuries to the adult mammalian central nervous system, including after spinal cord injury. These molecules accumulate at the injury site and form a highly inhibitory environment for axonal regeneration. Among these inhibitory molecules, myelin-associated inhibitors, including neurite outgrowth inhibitor A, oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein, myelin-associated glycoprotein, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and repulsive guidance molecule A are of particular importance. Due to their inhibitory nature, they represent exciting molecular targets to study axonal inhibition and regeneration after central injuries. These molecules are mainly produced by neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes within the scar and in its immediate vicinity. They exert their effects by binding to specific receptors, localized in the membranes of neurons. Receptors for these inhibitory cues include Nogo receptor 1, leucine-rich repeat, and Ig domain containing 1 and p75 neurotrophin receptor/tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 19 (that form a receptor complex that binds all myelin-associated inhibitors), and also paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and repulsive guidance molecule A bind to Nogo receptor 1, Nogo receptor 3, receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase σ and leucocyte common antigen related phosphatase, and neogenin, respectively. Once activated, these receptors initiate downstream signaling pathways, the most common amongst them being the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. These signaling cascades result in actin depolymerization, neurite outgrowth inhibition, and failure to regenerate after spinal cord injury. Currently, there are no approved pharmacological treatments to overcome spinal cord injuries other than physical rehabilitation and management of the array of symptoms brought on by spinal cord injuries. However, several novel therapies aiming to modulate these inhibitory proteins and/or their receptors are under investigation in ongoing clinical trials. Investigation has also been demonstrating that combinatorial therapies of growth inhibitors with other therapies, such as growth factors or stem-cell therapies, produce stronger results and their potential application in the clinics opens new venues in spinal cord injury treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Sousa Chambel
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of Porto; Translational NeuroUrology, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde-i3S and IBMC, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Célia Duarte Cruz
- Experimental Biology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine of Porto; Translational NeuroUrology, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde-i3S and IBMC, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Howard EM, Strittmatter SM. Development of neural repair therapy for chronic spinal cord trauma: soluble Nogo receptor decoy from discovery to clinical trial. Curr Opin Neurol 2023; 36:516-522. [PMID: 37865850 PMCID: PMC10841037 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW After traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), neurological deficits persist due to the disconnection of surviving neurons. While repair of connectivity may restore function, no medical therapy exists today.This review traces the development of the neural repair-based therapeutic AXER-204 from animal studies to the recent clinical trial for chronic cervical SCI. RECENT FINDINGS Molecular studies reveal a Nogo-66 Receptor 1 (NgR1, RTN4R) pathway inhibiting axon regeneration, sprouting, and plasticity in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS). Rodent and nonhuman primate studies demonstrate that the soluble receptor decoy NgR(310)ecto-Fc or AXER-204 promotes neural repair and functional recovery in transection and contusion SCI. Recently, this biological agent completed a first-in-human and randomized clinical trial for chronic cervical SCI. The intervention was safe and well tolerated. Across all participants, upper extremity strength did not improve with treatment. However, posthoc and biomarker analyses suggest that AXER-204 may benefit treatment-naïve patients with incomplete SCI in the chronic stage. SUMMARY NgR1 signaling restricts neurological recovery in animal studies of CNS injury. The recent clinical trial of AXER-204 provides encouraging signals supporting future focused trials of this neural repair therapeutic. Further, AXER-204 studies provide a roadmap for the development of additional and synergistic therapies for chronic SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa M. Howard
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Tanaka R, Yamada K. Genomic and Reverse Translational Analysis Discloses a Role for Small GTPase RhoA Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia: Rho-Kinase as a Novel Drug Target. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15623. [PMID: 37958606 PMCID: PMC10648424 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is one of the most serious psychiatric disorders and is characterized by reductions in both brain volume and spine density in the frontal cortex. RhoA belongs to the RAS homolog (Rho) family and plays critical roles in neuronal development and structural plasticity via Rho-kinase. RhoA activity is regulated by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). Several variants in GAPs and GEFs associated with RhoA have been reported to be significantly associated with schizophrenia. Moreover, several mouse models carrying schizophrenia-associated gene variants involved in RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling have been developed. In this review, we summarize clinical evidence showing that variants in genes regulating RhoA activity are associated with schizophrenia. In the last half of the review, we discuss preclinical evidence indicating that RhoA/Rho-kinase is a potential therapeutic target of schizophrenia. In particular, Rho-kinase inhibitors exhibit anti-psychotic-like effects not only in Arhgap10 S490P/NHEJ mice, but also in pharmacologic models of schizophrenia (methamphetamine- and MK-801-treated mice). Accordingly, we propose that Rho-kinase inhibitors may have antipsychotic effects and reduce cognitive deficits in schizophrenia despite the presence or absence of genetic variants in small GTPase signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinako Tanaka
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan;
| | - Kiyofumi Yamada
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology and Hospital Pharmacy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan;
- International Center for Brain Science (ICBS), Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
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15
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Lin HH. Functional partnerships between GPI-anchored proteins and adhesion GPCRs. Bioessays 2023; 45:e2300115. [PMID: 37526334 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Specific extracellular interaction between glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins and adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) plays an important role in unique biological functions. GPI-anchored proteins are derived from a novel post-translational modification of single-span membrane molecules, while aGPCRs are bona fide seven-span transmembrane proteins with a long extracellular domain. Although various members of the two structurally-distinct protein families are known to be involved in a wide range of biological processes, many remain as orphans. Interestingly, accumulating evidence has pointed to a complex interaction and functional synergy between these two protein families. I discuss herein current understanding of specific functional partnerships between GPI-anchored proteins and aGPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Hsien Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
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16
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Glotfelty EJ, Hsueh SC, Claybourne Q, Bedolla A, Kopp KO, Wallace T, Zheng B, Luo Y, Karlsson TE, McDevitt RA, Olson L, Greig NH. Microglial Nogo delays recovery following traumatic brain injury in mice. Glia 2023; 71:2473-2494. [PMID: 37401784 PMCID: PMC10528455 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Nogo-A, B, and C are well described members of the reticulon family of proteins, most well known for their negative regulatory effects on central nervous system (CNS) neurite outgrowth and repair following injury. Recent research indicates a relationship between Nogo-proteins and inflammation. Microglia, the brain's immune cells and inflammation-competent compartment, express Nogo protein, although specific roles of the Nogo in these cells is understudied. To examine inflammation-related effects of Nogo, we generated a microglial-specific inducible Nogo KO (MinoKO) mouse and challenged the mouse with a controlled cortical impact (CCI) traumatic brain injury (TBI). Histological analysis shows no difference in brain lesion sizes between MinoKO-CCI and Control-CCI mice, although MinoKO-CCI mice do not exhibit the levels of ipsilateral lateral ventricle enlargement as injury matched controls. Microglial Nogo-KO results in decreased lateral ventricle enlargement, microglial and astrocyte immunoreactivity, and increased microglial morphological complexity compared to injury matched controls, suggesting decreased tissue inflammation. Behaviorally, healthy MinoKO mice do not differ from control mice, but automated tracking of movement around the home cage and stereotypic behavior, such as grooming and eating (termed cage "activation"), following CCI is significantly elevated. Asymmetrical motor function, a deficit typical of unilaterally brain lesioned rodents, was not detected in CCI injured MinoKO mice, while the phenomenon was present in CCI injured controls 1-week post-injury. Overall, our studies show microglial Nogo as a negative regulator of recovery following brain injury. To date, this is the first evaluation of the roles microglial specific Nogo in a rodent injury model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot J. Glotfelty
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shih-Chang Hsueh
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Quia Claybourne
- Comparative Medicine Section, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Alicia Bedolla
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Katherine O. Kopp
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Tonya Wallace
- Flow Cytometry Unit, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Binhai Zheng
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Ross A. McDevitt
- Comparative Medicine Section, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Lars Olson
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nigel H. Greig
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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Pernet V, Joly S, Spiegel S, Meli I, Idriss S, Maigler F, Mdzomba JB, Roenneke AK, Franceschini A, Silvestri L, Pavone FS, Calamai M, Schindowski K, Chan A. Nogo-A antibody delivery through the olfactory mucosa mitigates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the mouse CNS. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:290. [PMID: 37558696 PMCID: PMC10412545 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01588-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic administration of Nogo-A-neutralizing antibody ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis. However, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstacle limiting the passage of systemically applied antibody to the CNS. To bypass the BBB, in the present study we tested the intranasal route of administration by targeting the olfactory mucosa with the Nogo-A-blocking antibody 11C7 mAb in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-induced EAE. Antibodies were specifically administered onto the olfactory mucosa using a microcatheter. Antibody distribution was examined in the CNS by ELISA and light-sheet microscopy. The effects of 11C7 mAb on Nogo-A signaling were assessed by Western blotting. EAE-induced deficits were monitored daily. Demyelination was observed on spinal cord histological sections. Gene expression changes were followed by trancriptomic analyses. A sensitive capture ELISA revealed a rapid and widespread distribution of 11C7 mAb in the CNS, including the olfactory bulb, the cerebellum and the lumbar spinal cord, but not in the CSF. Light-sheet microscopy allowed to observe antibody accumulation in the parenchyma, thus demonstrating nose-to-brain transfer of IgG. At the functional level, the widespread penetration of 11C7 mAb in the CNS, including the thoracolumbar spinal cord, resulted in the improvement of motor symptoms and in the preservation of myelin in the spinal cord of EAE mice. This was accompanied by Nogo-A signaling downregulation, as reflected by the decreased level of phosphorylated cofilin observed by Western blotting in the cerebellum. In the brain of EAE score-matched animals, 11C7 modified the expression of genes that can influence neurotransmission and cognitive functions, independently of the demyelination phenotype in the spinal cord. In conclusion, our data show the feasibility of olfactory mucosa-directed administration for the delivery of therapeutic antibodies targeting CNS antigens in EAE mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Pernet
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Center for experimental neurology (ZEN), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval and Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.
| | - Sandrine Joly
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Center for experimental neurology (ZEN), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Spiegel
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Center for experimental neurology (ZEN), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, Biberach University of Applied Science, Hubertus-Liebrecht-Strasse 35, Biberach, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ivo Meli
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Center for experimental neurology (ZEN), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sherif Idriss
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Center for experimental neurology (ZEN), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Frank Maigler
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, Biberach University of Applied Science, Hubertus-Liebrecht-Strasse 35, Biberach, Germany
| | - Julius Baya Mdzomba
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Center for experimental neurology (ZEN), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna K Roenneke
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Center for experimental neurology (ZEN), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Franceschini
- LENS- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Sesto-Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Ludovico Silvestri
- LENS- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Sesto-Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Francesco S Pavone
- LENS- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Sesto-Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
| | - Martino Calamai
- LENS- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, University of Florence, Sesto-Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy
- National Institute of Optics - National Research Council (CNR-INO), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Katharina Schindowski
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology, Biberach University of Applied Science, Hubertus-Liebrecht-Strasse 35, Biberach, Germany
| | - Andrew Chan
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Center for experimental neurology (ZEN), Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Demirdizen E, Al-Ali R, Narayanan A, Sun X, Varga JP, Steffl B, Brom M, Krunic D, Schmidt C, Schmidt G, Bestvater F, Taranda J, Turcan Ş. TRIM67 drives tumorigenesis in oligodendrogliomas through Rho GTPase-dependent membrane blebbing. Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:1031-1043. [PMID: 36215168 PMCID: PMC10237422 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IDH mutant gliomas are grouped into astrocytomas or oligodendrogliomas depending on the codeletion of chromosome arms 1p and 19q. Although the genomic alterations of IDH mutant gliomas have been well described, transcriptional changes unique to either tumor type have not been fully understood. Here, we identify Tripartite Motif Containing 67 (TRIM67), an E3 ubiquitin ligase with essential roles during neuronal development, as an oncogene distinctly upregulated in oligodendrogliomas. METHODS We used several cell lines, including patient-derived oligodendroglioma tumorspheres, to knock down or overexpress TRIM67. We coupled high-throughput assays, including RNA sequencing, total lysate-mass spectrometry (MS), and coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP)-MS with functional assays including immunofluorescence (IF) staining, co-IP, and western blotting (WB) to assess the in vitro phenotype associated with TRIM67. Patient-derived oligodendroglioma tumorspheres were orthotopically implanted in mice to determine the effect of TRIM67 on tumor growth and survival. RESULTS TRIM67 overexpression alters the abundance of cytoskeletal proteins and induces membrane bleb formation. TRIM67-associated blebbing was reverted with the nonmuscle class II myosin inhibitor blebbistatin and selective ROCK inhibitor fasudil. NOGO-A/Rho GTPase/ROCK2 signaling is altered upon TRIM67 ectopic expression, pointing to the underlying mechanism for TRIM67-induced blebbing. Phenotypically, TRIM67 expression resulted in higher cell motility and reduced cell adherence. In orthotopic implantation models of patient-derived oligodendrogliomas, TRIM67 accelerated tumor growth, reduced overall survival, and led to increased vimentin expression at the tumor margin. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results demonstrate that upregulated TRIM67 induces blebbing-based rounded cell morphology through Rho GTPase/ROCK-mediated signaling thereby contributing to glioma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engin Demirdizen
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 460, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ruslan Al-Ali
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 460, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ashwin Narayanan
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 460, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xueyuan Sun
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 460, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julianna Patricia Varga
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 460, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bianca Steffl
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 460, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuela Brom
- Core Facility Unit Light Microscopy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Damir Krunic
- Core Facility Unit Light Microscopy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Schmidt
- Core Facility Unit Light Microscopy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Schmidt
- Core Facility Unit Light Microscopy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Bestvater
- Core Facility Unit Light Microscopy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian Taranda
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 460, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Şevin Turcan
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 460, Heidelberg, Germany
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Hershkovits AS, Gelley S, Hanna R, Kleifeld O, Shulman A, Fishman A. Shifting the balance: soluble ADAM10 as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1171123. [PMID: 37266401 PMCID: PMC10229884 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1171123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Accumulation of amyloid β in the brain is regarded as a key initiator of Alzheimer's disease pathology. Processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the amyloidogenic pathway yields neurotoxic amyloid β species. In the non-amyloidogenic pathway, APP is processed by membrane-bound ADAM10, the main α-secretase in the nervous system. Here we present a new enzymatic approach for the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease using a soluble form of ADAM10. Methods The ability of the soluble ADAM10 to shed overexpressed and endogenous APP was determined with an ADAM10 knockout cell line and a human neuroblastoma cell line, respectively. We further examined its effect on amyloid β aggregation by thioflavin T fluorescence, HPLC, and confocal microscopy. Using N-terminal and C-terminal enrichment proteomic approaches, we identified soluble ADAM10 substrates. Finally, a truncated soluble ADAM10, based on the catalytic domain, was expressed in Escherichia coli for the first time, and its activity was evaluated. Results The soluble enzyme hydrolyzes APP and releases the neuroprotective soluble APPα when exogenously added to cell cultures. The soluble ADAM10 inhibits the formation and aggregation of characteristic amyloid β extracellular neuronal aggregates. The proteomic investigation identified new and verified known substrates, such as VGF and N-cadherin, respectively. The truncated variant also exhibited α-secretase capacity as shown with a specific ADAM10 fluorescent substrate in addition to shedding overexpressed and endogenous APP. Discussion Our in vitro study demonstrates that exogenous treatment with a soluble variant of ADAM10 would shift the balance toward the non-amyloidogenic pathway, thus utilizing its natural neuroprotective effect and inhibiting the main neurotoxic amyloid β species. The potential of such a treatment for Alzheimer's disease needs to be further evaluated in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet Sarah Hershkovits
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- The Interdisciplinary Program for Biotechnology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sivan Gelley
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Rawad Hanna
- Department of Biology Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Oded Kleifeld
- Department of Biology Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Ayelet Fishman
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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20
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Kong M, Li Y, Wang K, Zhang S, Ji Y. Infantile hemangioma models: is the needle in a haystack? J Transl Med 2023; 21:308. [PMID: 37149592 PMCID: PMC10163722 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04144-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most prevalent benign vascular tumor in infants, with distinct disease stages and durations. Despite the fact that the majority of IHs can regress spontaneously, a small percentage can cause disfigurement or even be fatal. The mechanisms underlying the development of IH have not been fully elucidated. Establishing stable and reliable IH models provides a standardized experimental platform for elucidating its pathogenesis, thereby facilitating the development of new drugs and the identification of effective treatments. Common IH models include the cell suspension implantation model, the viral gene transfer model, the tissue block transplantation model, and the most recent three-dimensional (3D) microtumor model. This article summarizes the research progress and clinical utility of various IH models, as well as the benefits and drawbacks of each. Researchers should select distinct IH models based on their individual research objectives to achieve their anticipated experimental objectives, thereby increasing the clinical relevance of their findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Kong
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37# Guo-Xue-Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37# Guo-Xue-Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37# Guo-Xue-Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shisong Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, #23976# Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Yi Ji
- Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, #37# Guo-Xue-Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Slieker RC, Donnelly LA, Akalestou E, Lopez-Noriega L, Melhem R, Güneş A, Abou Azar F, Efanov A, Georgiadou E, Muniangi-Muhitu H, Sheikh M, Giordano GN, Åkerlund M, Ahlqvist E, Ali A, Banasik K, Brunak S, Barovic M, Bouland GA, Burdet F, Canouil M, Dragan I, Elders PJM, Fernandez C, Festa A, Fitipaldi H, Froguel P, Gudmundsdottir V, Gudnason V, Gerl MJ, van der Heijden AA, Jennings LL, Hansen MK, Kim M, Leclerc I, Klose C, Kuznetsov D, Mansour Aly D, Mehl F, Marek D, Melander O, Niknejad A, Ottosson F, Pavo I, Duffin K, Syed SK, Shaw JL, Cabrera O, Pullen TJ, Simons K, Solimena M, Suvitaival T, Wretlind A, Rossing P, Lyssenko V, Legido Quigley C, Groop L, Thorens B, Franks PW, Lim GE, Estall J, Ibberson M, Beulens JWJ, 't Hart LM, Pearson ER, Rutter GA. Identification of biomarkers for glycaemic deterioration in type 2 diabetes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2533. [PMID: 37137910 PMCID: PMC10156700 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We identify biomarkers for disease progression in three type 2 diabetes cohorts encompassing 2,973 individuals across three molecular classes, metabolites, lipids and proteins. Homocitrulline, isoleucine and 2-aminoadipic acid, eight triacylglycerol species, and lowered sphingomyelin 42:2;2 levels are predictive of faster progression towards insulin requirement. Of ~1,300 proteins examined in two cohorts, levels of GDF15/MIC-1, IL-18Ra, CRELD1, NogoR, FAS, and ENPP7 are associated with faster progression, whilst SMAC/DIABLO, SPOCK1 and HEMK2 predict lower progression rates. In an external replication, proteins and lipids are associated with diabetes incidence and prevalence. NogoR/RTN4R injection improved glucose tolerance in high fat-fed male mice but impaired it in male db/db mice. High NogoR levels led to islet cell apoptosis, and IL-18R antagonised inflammatory IL-18 signalling towards nuclear factor kappa-B in vitro. This comprehensive, multi-disciplinary approach thus identifies biomarkers with potential prognostic utility, provides evidence for possible disease mechanisms, and identifies potential therapeutic avenues to slow diabetes progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roderick C Slieker
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Louise A Donnelly
- Population Health & Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Elina Akalestou
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Livia Lopez-Noriega
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rana Melhem
- CHUM Research Centre and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ayşim Güneş
- IRCM and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Alexander Efanov
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, US
| | - Eleni Georgiadou
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hermine Muniangi-Muhitu
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mahsa Sheikh
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Mikael Åkerlund
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Emma Ahlqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ashfaq Ali
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Karina Banasik
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marko Barovic
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gerard A Bouland
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Frédéric Burdet
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- INSERM U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - Iulian Dragan
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Petra J M Elders
- Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC-location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Andreas Festa
- Eli Lilly Regional Operations GmbH, Vienna, Austria
- 1st Medical Department, LK Stockerau, Niederösterreich, Austria
| | - Hugo Fitipaldi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Phillippe Froguel
- INSERM U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Institut Pasteur de Lille, University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, F-59000, France
- Division of Systems Biology, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Valborg Gudmundsdottir
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | | | - Amber A van der Heijden
- Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC-location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lori L Jennings
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Michael K Hansen
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Research, Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Min Kim
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicines, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Leclerc
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- CHUM Research Centre and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Dmitry Kuznetsov
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Florence Mehl
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Diana Marek
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anne Niknejad
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Filip Ottosson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Section for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Imre Pavo
- Eli Lilly Regional Operations GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kevin Duffin
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, US
| | - Samreen K Syed
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, US
| | - Janice L Shaw
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, US
| | - Over Cabrera
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, US
| | - Timothy J Pullen
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Diabetes, Guy's Campus King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Michele Solimena
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Medical Faculty, Dresden, Germany
- Molecular Diabetology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Peter Rossing
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Valeriya Lyssenko
- Department of Clinical Science, Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cristina Legido Quigley
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicines, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Leif Groop
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Finnish Institute of Molecular Medicine, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bernard Thorens
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gareth E Lim
- CHUM Research Centre and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Mark Ibberson
- Vital-IT Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joline W J Beulens
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Leen M 't Hart
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Ewan R Pearson
- Population Health & Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- CHUM Research Centre and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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22
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Dave BP, Shah KC, Shah MB, Chorawala MR, Patel VN, Shah PA, Shah GB, Dhameliya TM. Unveiling the modulation of Nogo receptor in neuroregeneration and plasticity: Novel aspects and future horizon in a new frontier. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 210:115461. [PMID: 36828272 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Multiple Sclerosis, Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis have emerged as the most dreaded diseases due to a lack of precise diagnostic tools and efficient therapies. Despite the fact that the contributing factors of NDs are still unidentified, mounting evidence indicates the possibility that genetic and cellular changes may lead to the significant production of abnormally misfolded proteins. These misfolded proteins lead to damaging effects thereby causing neurodegeneration. The association between Neurite outgrowth factor (Nogo) with neurological diseases and other peripheral diseases is coming into play. Three isoforms of Nogo have been identified Nogo-A, Nogo-B and Nogo-C. Among these, Nogo-A is mainly responsible for neurological diseases as it is localized in the CNS (Central Nervous System), whereas Nogo-B and Nogo-C are responsible for other diseases such as colitis, lung, intestinal injury, etc. Nogo-A, a membrane protein, had first been described as a CNS-specific inhibitor of axonal regeneration. Several recent studies have revealed the role of Nogo-A proteins and their receptors in modulating neurite outgrowth, branching, and precursor migration during nervous system development. It may also modulate or affect the inhibition of growth during the developmental processes of the CNS. Information about the effects of other ligands of Nogo protein on the CNS are yet to be discovered however several pieces of evidence have suggested that it may also influence the neuronal maturation of CNS and targeting Nogo-A could prove to be beneficial in several neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavarth P Dave
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Kashvi C Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Maitri B Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Mehul R Chorawala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India.
| | - Vishvas N Patel
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Palak A Shah
- Department of Pharmacology, K. B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Gandhinagar 380023, Gujarat, India
| | - Gaurang B Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Opp. Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Tejas M Dhameliya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad-382481, Gujarat, India
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23
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Wälchli T, Bisschop J, Carmeliet P, Zadeh G, Monnier PP, De Bock K, Radovanovic I. Shaping the brain vasculature in development and disease in the single-cell era. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:271-298. [PMID: 36941369 PMCID: PMC10026800 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00684-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The CNS critically relies on the formation and proper function of its vasculature during development, adult homeostasis and disease. Angiogenesis - the formation of new blood vessels - is highly active during brain development, enters almost complete quiescence in the healthy adult brain and is reactivated in vascular-dependent brain pathologies such as brain vascular malformations and brain tumours. Despite major advances in the understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms driving angiogenesis in peripheral tissues, developmental signalling pathways orchestrating angiogenic processes in the healthy and the diseased CNS remain incompletely understood. Molecular signalling pathways of the 'neurovascular link' defining common mechanisms of nerve and vessel wiring have emerged as crucial regulators of peripheral vascular growth, but their relevance for angiogenesis in brain development and disease remains largely unexplored. Here we review the current knowledge of general and CNS-specific mechanisms of angiogenesis during brain development and in brain vascular malformations and brain tumours, including how key molecular signalling pathways are reactivated in vascular-dependent diseases. We also discuss how these topics can be studied in the single-cell multi-omics era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wälchli
- Group of CNS Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, Neuroscience Center Zurich, and Division of Neurosurgery, University and University Hospital Zurich, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Division of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Group of Brain Vasculature and Perivascular Niche, Division of Experimental and Translational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Jeroen Bisschop
- Group of CNS Angiogenesis and Neurovascular Link, Neuroscience Center Zurich, and Division of Neurosurgery, University and University Hospital Zurich, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Group of Brain Vasculature and Perivascular Niche, Division of Experimental and Translational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB & Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Heterogeneity, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Philippe P Monnier
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Donald K. Johnson Research Institute, Krembil Research Institute, Krembil Discovery Tower, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Katrien De Bock
- Laboratory of Exercise and Health, Department of Health Science and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Radovanovic
- Group of Brain Vasculature and Perivascular Niche, Division of Experimental and Translational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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24
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Kong A, Liu T, Deng S, Xu S, Luo Y, Li J, Du Z, Wang L, Xu X, Fan X. Novel antidepressant-like properties of the fullerenol in an LPS-induced depressive mouse model. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109792. [PMID: 36738679 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a common mental disease and is highly prevalent in populations. Dysregulated neuroinflammation and concomitant-activated microglia are involved in the pathogenesis of depression. Experimental evidence has indicated that fullerenol exerts anti-neuroinflammation and protective effects against neurological diseases. Here, we evaluated fullerenol's effects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse depressive-like behaviors. Fullerenol treatment produced an antidepressant-like effect, as indicated by preventing the LPS-induced reduction in the sucrose preference and shortening the immobility durations in both the tail suspension test and the forced swim test. We found that fullerenol treatment mitigated LPS-induced hippocampal microglia activation and released proinflammatory cytokines. Meanwhile, fullerenol promoted hippocampus neurogenesis, evidenced by increased DCX-positive cells in LPS-treated mice. Hippocampal RNA-Seq analysis revealed proinflammatory cytokine and neurogenesis involved in fullerenol's antidepressant-like effects. Our data indicate that fullerenol exerts antidepressant effects, which might be due to beneficial functions in reducing neuroinflammatory processes and promoting neurogenesis in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Kong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China; Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China; Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyao Liu
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shilong Deng
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyao Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China; Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianghui Li
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhulin Du
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuyongwei Wang
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingshun Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China; Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaotang Fan
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Nogo-A and LINGO-1: Two Important Targets for Remyelination and Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054479. [PMID: 36901909 PMCID: PMC10003089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that causes progressive neurological disability in most patients due to neurodegeneration. Activated immune cells infiltrate the CNS, triggering an inflammatory cascade that leads to demyelination and axonal injury. Non-inflammatory mechanisms are also involved in axonal degeneration, although they are not fully elucidated yet. Current therapies focus on immunosuppression; however, no therapies to promote regeneration, myelin repair, or maintenance are currently available. Two different negative regulators of myelination have been proposed as promising targets to induce remyelination and regeneration, namely the Nogo-A and LINGO-1 proteins. Although Nogo-A was first discovered as a potent neurite outgrowth inhibitor in the CNS, it has emerged as a multifunctional protein. It is involved in numerous developmental processes and is necessary for shaping and later maintaining CNS structure and functionality. However, the growth-restricting properties of Nogo-A have negative effects on CNS injury or disease. LINGO-1 is also an inhibitor of neurite outgrowth, axonal regeneration, oligodendrocyte differentiation, and myelin production. Inhibiting the actions of Nogo-A or LINGO-1 promotes remyelination both in vitro and in vivo, while Nogo-A or LINGO-1 antagonists have been suggested as promising therapeutic approaches for demyelinating diseases. In this review, we focus on these two negative regulators of myelination while also providing an overview of the available data on the effects of Nogo-A and LINGO-1 inhibition on oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination.
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26
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Mu JD, Ma LX, Zhang Z, Qian X, Zhang QY, Ma LH, Sun TY. The factors affecting neurogenesis after stroke and the role of acupuncture. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1082625. [PMID: 36741282 PMCID: PMC9895425 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1082625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke induces a state of neuroplasticity in the central nervous system, which can lead to neurogenesis phenomena such as axonal growth and synapse formation, thus affecting stroke outcomes. The brain has a limited ability to repair ischemic damage and requires a favorable microenvironment. Acupuncture is considered a feasible and effective neural regulation strategy to improve functional recovery following stroke via the benign modulation of neuroplasticity. Therefore, we summarized the current research progress on the key factors and signaling pathways affecting neurogenesis, and we also briefly reviewed the research progress of acupuncture to improve functional recovery after stroke by promoting neurogenesis. This study aims to provide new therapeutic perspectives and strategies for the recovery of motor function after stroke based on neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Dan Mu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liang-Xiao Ma
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China,The Key Unit of State Administration of Traditional Chines Medicine, Evaluation of Characteristic Acupuncture Therapy, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Liang-Xiao Ma ✉
| | - Zhou Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Qian
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qin-Yong Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Hui Ma
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Yi Sun
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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27
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Sterner RC, Sterner RM. Immune response following traumatic spinal cord injury: Pathophysiology and therapies. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1084101. [PMID: 36685598 PMCID: PMC9853461 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1084101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition that is often associated with significant loss of function and/or permanent disability. The pathophysiology of SCI is complex and occurs in two phases. First, the mechanical damage from the trauma causes immediate acute cell dysfunction and cell death. Then, secondary mechanisms of injury further propagate the cell dysfunction and cell death over the course of days, weeks, or even months. Among the secondary injury mechanisms, inflammation has been shown to be a key determinant of the secondary injury severity and significantly worsens cell death and functional outcomes. Thus, in addition to surgical management of SCI, selectively targeting the immune response following SCI could substantially decrease the progression of secondary injury and improve patient outcomes. In order to develop such therapies, a detailed molecular understanding of the timing of the immune response following SCI is necessary. Recently, several studies have mapped the cytokine/chemokine and cell proliferation patterns following SCI. In this review, we examine the immune response underlying the pathophysiology of SCI and assess both current and future therapies including pharmaceutical therapies, stem cell therapy, and the exciting potential of extracellular vesicle therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C. Sterner
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Rosalie M. Sterner
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States,*Correspondence: Rosalie M. Sterner,
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28
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Luo Y, Qu J, He Z, Zhang M, Zou Z, Li L, Zhang Y, Ye J. Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve the Status of Hypoxic/Ischemic Cerebral Palsy Rats by Downregulating NogoA/NgR/Rho Pathway. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897231210069. [PMID: 37982384 PMCID: PMC10664427 DOI: 10.1177/09636897231210069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSC) have shown promising potential in ameliorating brain injury, but the mechanism is unclear. We explore the role of NogoA/NgR/Rho pathway in mediating hUCMSC to improve neurobehavioral status and alleviate brain injury in hypoxia/ischemia-induced CP (cerebral palsy) rat model in order to promote the clinical application of stem cell therapy in CP. The injury model of HT22 cells was established after 3 h hypoxia, and then co-cultured with hUCMSC. The rat model of CP was established by ligation of the left common carotid artery for 2.5 h. Subsequently, hUCMSC was administered via the tail vein once a week for a total of four times. The neurobehavioral status of CP rats was determined by behavioral experiment, and the pathological brain injury was determined by pathological staining method. The mRNA and protein expressions of NogoA, NgR, RhoA, Rac1, and CDC42 in brain tissues of rats in all groups and cell groups were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), Western blot, and immunofluorescence. The CP rats exhibited obvious motor function abnormalities and pathological damage. Compared with the control group, hUCMSC transplantation could significantly improve the neurobehavioral situation and attenuate brain pathological injury in CP rats. The relative expression of NogoA, NgR, RhoA mRNA, and protein in brain tissues of rats in the CP group was significantly higher than the rats in the sham and CP+hUCMSC group. The relative expression of Rac1, CDC42 mRNA, and protein in brain tissues of rats in the CP group was significantly lower than the rats in the sham and CP+hUCMSC group. The animal experiment results were consistent with the experimental trend of hypoxic injury of HT22 cells. This study confirmed that hUCMSC can efficiently improve neurobehavioral status and alleviate brain injury in hypoxia/ischemia-induced CP rat model and HT22 cell model through downregulating the NogoA/NgR/Rho pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoling Luo
- Subcenter for Stem Cell Clinical Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jiayang Qu
- Subcenter for Stem Cell Clinical Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhengyi He
- Subcenter for Stem Cell Clinical Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Minhong Zhang
- Subcenter for Stem Cell Clinical Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhengwei Zou
- Subcenter for Stem Cell Clinical Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Lincai Li
- Subcenter for Stem Cell Clinical Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | | | - Junsong Ye
- Subcenter for Stem Cell Clinical Translation, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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Goncalves KE, Phillips S, Shah DSH, Athey D, Przyborski SA. Application of biomimetic surfaces and 3D culture technology to study the role of extracellular matrix interactions in neurite outgrowth and inhibition. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 144:213204. [PMID: 36434926 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The microenvironment that cells experience during in vitro culture can often be far removed from the native environment they are exposed to in vivo. To recreate the physiological environment that developing neurites experience in vivo, we combine a well-established model of human neurite development with, functionalisation of both 2D and 3D growth substrates with specific extracellular matrix (ECM) derived motifs displayed on engineered scaffold proteins. Functionalisation of growth substrates provides biochemical signals more reminiscent of the in vivo environment and the combination of this technology with 3D cell culture techniques, further recapitulates the native cellular environment by providing a more physiologically relevant geometry for neurites to develop. This biomaterials approach was used to study interactions between the ECM and developing neurites, along with the identification of specific motifs able to enhance neuritogenesis within this model. Furthermore, this technology was employed to study the process of neurite inhibition that has a detrimental effect on neuronal connectivity following injury to the central nervous system (CNS). Growth substrates were functionalised with inhibitory peptides released from damaged myelin within the injured spinal cord (Nogo & OMgp). This model was then utilised to study the underlying molecular mechanisms that govern neurite inhibition in addition to potential mechanisms of recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Goncalves
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - S Phillips
- Orla Protein Technologies Ltd, (now part of Porvair Sciences Ltd), 73 Clywedog Road East, Wrexham Industrial Estate, Wrexham LL13 9XS, UK
| | - D S H Shah
- Orla Protein Technologies Ltd, (now part of Porvair Sciences Ltd), 73 Clywedog Road East, Wrexham Industrial Estate, Wrexham LL13 9XS, UK
| | - D Athey
- Orla Protein Technologies Ltd, (now part of Porvair Sciences Ltd), 73 Clywedog Road East, Wrexham Industrial Estate, Wrexham LL13 9XS, UK
| | - S A Przyborski
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK; Reprocell Europe Ltd, NETPark Incubator, Thomas Wright Way, Sedgefield TS21 3FD, UK.
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Xiao P, Gu J, Xu W, Niu X, Zhang J, Li J, Chen Y, Pei Z, Zeng J, Xing S. RTN4/Nogo-A-S1PR2 negatively regulates angiogenesis and secondary neural repair through enhancing vascular autophagy in the thalamus after cerebral cortical infarction. Autophagy 2022; 18:2711-2730. [PMID: 35263212 PMCID: PMC9629085 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2047344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral infarction induces angiogenesis in the thalamus and influences functional recovery. The mechanisms underlying angiogenesis remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of RTN4/Nogo-A in mediating macroautophagy/autophagy and angiogenesis in the thalamus following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). We assessed secondary neuronal damage, angiogenesis, vascular autophagy, RTN4 and S1PR2 signaling in the thalamus. The effects of RTN4-S1PR2 on vascular autophagy and angiogenesis were evaluated using lentiviral and pharmacological approaches. The results showed that RTN4 and S1PR2 signaling molecules were upregulated in parallel with angiogenesis in the ipsilateral thalamus after MCAO. Knockdown of Rtn4 by siRNA markedly reduced MAP1LC3B-II conversion and levels of BECN1 and SQSTM1 in vessels, coinciding with enhanced angiogenesis in the ipsilateral thalamus. This effect coincided with rescued neuronal loss of the thalamus and improved cognitive function. Conversely, activating S1PR2 augmented vascular autophagy, along with suppressed angiogenesis and aggravated neuronal damage of the thalamus. Further inhibition of autophagic initiation with 3-methyladenine or spautin-1 enhanced angiogenesis while blockade of lysosomal degradation by bafilomycin A1 suppressed angiogenesis in the ipsilateral thalamus. The control of autophagic flux by RTN4-S1PR2 was verified in vitro. Additionally, ROCK1-BECN1 interaction along with phosphorylation of BECN1 (Thr119) was identified in the thalamic vessels after MCAO. Knockdown of Rtn4 markedly reduced BECN1 phosphorylation whereas activating S1PR2 increased its phosphorylation in vessels. These results suggest that blockade of RTN4-S1PR2 interaction promotes angiogenesis and secondary neural repair in the thalamus by suppressing autophagic activation and alleviating dysfunction of lysosomal degradation in vessels after cerebral infarction.Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; ACTA2/ɑ-SMA: actin alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta; AIF1/Iba1: allograft inflammatory factor 1; BafA1: bafilomycin A1; BMVECs: brain microvascular endothelial cells; BrdU: 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine; CLDN11/OSP: claudin 11; GFAP: glial fibrillary acidic protein; HUVECs: human umbilical vein endothelial cells; LAMA1: laminin, alpha 1; MAP2: microtubule-associated protein 2; MBP2: myelin basic protein 2; MCAO: middle cerebral artery occlusion; PDGFRB/PDGFRβ: platelet derived growth factor receptor, beta polypeptide; RECA-1: rat endothelial cell antigen-1; RHOA: ras homolog family member A; RHRSP: stroke-prone renovascular hypertensive rats; ROCK1: Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1; RTN4/Nogo-A: reticulon 4; RTN4R/NgR1: reticulon 4 receptor; S1PR2: sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyi Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinmin Gu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingyang Niu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yicong Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhong Pei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinsheng Zeng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shihui Xing
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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31
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Rodriguez CM, Bechek SC, Jones GL, Nakayama L, Akiyama T, Kim G, Solow-Cordero DE, Strittmatter SM, Gitler AD. Targeting RTN4/NoGo-Receptor reduces levels of ALS protein ataxin-2. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111505. [PMID: 36288715 PMCID: PMC9664481 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene-based therapeutic strategies to lower ataxin-2 levels are emerging for the neurodegenerative diseases amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2). Additional strategies to lower levels of ataxin-2 could be beneficial. Here, we perform a genome-wide arrayed small interfering RNA (siRNA) screen in human cells and identify RTN4R, the gene encoding the RTN4/NoGo-Receptor, as a potent modifier of ataxin-2 levels. RTN4R knockdown, or treatment with a peptide inhibitor, is sufficient to lower ataxin-2 protein levels in mouse and human neurons in vitro, and Rtn4r knockout mice have reduced ataxin-2 levels in vivo. We provide evidence that ataxin-2 shares a role with the RTN4/NoGo-Receptor in limiting axonal regeneration. Reduction of either protein increases axonal regrowth following axotomy. These data define the RTN4/NoGo-Receptor as a novel therapeutic target for ALS and SCA2 and implicate the targeting of ataxin-2 as a potential treatment following nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin M Rodriguez
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sophia C Bechek
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Graham L Jones
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Nakayama
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tetsuya Akiyama
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Garam Kim
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Stanford Neurosciences Interdepartmental Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David E Solow-Cordero
- High-Throughput Bioscience Center, Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stephen M Strittmatter
- Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Aaron D Gitler
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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32
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Myatich A, Haque A, Sole C, Banik NL. Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2022; 18:940-946. [PMID: 36254972 PMCID: PMC9827778 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.355749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injuries affect nearly five to ten individuals per million every year. Spinal cord injury causes damage to the nerves, muscles, and the tissue surrounding the spinal cord. Depending on the severity, spinal injuries are linked to degeneration of axons and myelin, resulting in neuronal impairment and skeletal muscle weakness and atrophy. The protection of neurons and promotion of myelin regeneration during spinal cord injury is important for recovery of function following spinal cord injury. Current treatments have little to no effect on spinal cord injury and neurogenic muscle loss. Clemastine, an Food and Drug Administration-approved antihistamine drug, reduces inflammation, protects cells, promotes remyelination, and preserves myelin integrity. Recent clinical evidence suggests that clemastine can decrease the loss of axons after spinal cord injury, stimulating the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into mature oligodendrocytes that are capable of myelination. While clemastine can aid not only in the remyelination and preservation of myelin sheath integrity, it also protects neurons. However, its role in neurogenic muscle loss remains unclear. This review discusses the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury, and the role of clemastine in the protection of neurons, myelin, and axons as well as attenuation of skeletal muscle loss following spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Myatich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Azizul Haque
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA,Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA,Correspondence to: Azizul Haque, ; Naren L. Banik, .
| | - Christopher Sole
- Department of Health and Human Performance, The Citadel, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Naren L. Banik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA,Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA,Correspondence to: Azizul Haque, ; Naren L. Banik, .
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33
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Dietz RM, Dingman AL, Herson PS. Cerebral ischemia in the developing brain. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:1777-1796. [PMID: 35765984 PMCID: PMC9536116 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221111600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Brain ischemia affects all ages, from neonates to the elderly population, and is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Multiple preclinical rodent models involving different ages have been developed to investigate the effect of ischemia during different times of key brain maturation events. Traditional models of developmental brain ischemia have focused on rodents at postnatal day 7-10, though emerging models in juvenile rodents (postnatal days 17-25) indicate that there may be fundamental differences in neuronal injury and functional outcomes following focal or global cerebral ischemia at different developmental ages, as well as in adults. Here, we consider the timing of injury in terms of excitation/inhibition balance, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, blood brain barrier integrity, and white matter injury. Finally, we review translational strategies to improve function after ischemic brain injury, including new ideas regarding neurorestoration, or neural repair strategies that restore plasticity, at delayed time points after ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Dietz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andra L Dingman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
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34
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Gumus H, Baltaci SB, Unal O, Gulbahce-Mutlu E, Mogulkoc R, Baltaci AK. Zinc Ameliorates Nogo-A Receptor and Osteocalcin Gene Expression in Memory-Sensitive Rat Hippocampus Impaired by Intracerebroventricular Injection of Streptozotocin. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 201:3381-3386. [PMID: 36057764 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03410-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction is a critical step in the etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. In this progressive neurological disorder, impaired zinc homeostasis has a key role that needs to be clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of zinc deficiency and administration on hippocampal Nogo-A receptor and osteocalcin gene expression in rats injected with intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (icv-STZ). Forty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups in equal numbers: Sham 1 group received icv artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF); Sham 2 group received icv a CSF and i.p. saline; STZ group received 3 mg/kg icv STZ; STZ-Zn-deficient group received 3 mg/kg icv STZ and fed a zinc-deprived diet; STZ-Zn-supplemented group received 3 mg/kg icv STZ and i.p. zinc sulfate (5 mg/kg/day). Hippocampus tissue samples were taken following the cervical dislocation of the animals under general anesthesia. Nogo-A receptor and osteocalcin gene expression levels were determined by real-time-PCR method. Zinc supplementation attenuated the increase in hippocampal Nogo-A receptor gene expression, which was significantly increased in zinc deficiency. Again, zinc supplementation upregulated the intrinsic protective mechanisms of the brain by activating osteocalcin-expressing cells in the brain. The results of the study show that zinc has critical effects on Nogo-A receptor gene expression and hippocampal osteocalcin gene expression levels in the memory-sensitive rat hippocampus that is impaired by icv-STZ injection. These results are the first to examine the effect of zinc deficiency and supplementation on hippocampal Nogo-A receptor and osteocalcin gene expression in icv-STZ injection in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haluk Gumus
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Selçuk University, Konya, 42031, Turkey.
| | | | - Omer Unal
- Departments of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Kirikkale University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Elif Gulbahce-Mutlu
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Rasim Mogulkoc
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
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35
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Development of Neurogenic Detrusor Overactivity after Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury Is Accompanied by Time-Dependent Changes in Lumbosacral Expression of Axonal Growth Regulators. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158667. [PMID: 35955811 PMCID: PMC9368817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI) results in urinary dysfunction, which majorly affects the quality of life of SCI patients. Abnormal sprouting of lumbosacral bladder afferents plays a crucial role in this condition. Underlying mechanisms may include changes in expression of regulators of axonal growth, including chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGs), myelin-associated inhibitors (MAIs) and repulsive guidance molecules, known to be upregulated at the injury site post SCI. Here, we confirmed lumbosacral upregulation of the growth-associated protein GAP43 in SCI animals with bladder dysfunction, indicating the occurrence of axonal sprouting. Neurocan and Phosphacan (CSPGs), as well as Nogo-A (MAI), at the same spinal segments were upregulated 7 days post injury (dpi) but returned to baseline values 28 dpi. In turn, qPCR analysis of the mRNA levels for receptors of those repulsive molecules in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons showed a time-dependent decrease in receptor expression. In vitro assays with DRG neurons from SCI rats demonstrated that exposure to high levels of NGF downregulated the expression of some, but not all, receptors for those regulators of axonal growth. The present results, therefore, show significant molecular changes at the lumbosacral cord and DRGs after thoracic lesion, likely critically involved in neuroplastic events leading to urinary impairment.
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36
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Morphogenesis of vascular and neuronal networks and the relationships between their remodeling processes. Brain Res Bull 2022; 186:62-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Seng C, Luo W, Földy C. Circuit formation in the adult brain. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:4187-4213. [PMID: 35724981 PMCID: PMC9546018 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neurons in the mammalian central nervous system display an enormous capacity for circuit formation during development but not later in life. In principle, new circuits could be also formed in adult brain, but the absence of the developmental milieu and the presence of growth inhibition and hundreds of working circuits are generally viewed as unsupportive for such a process. Here, we bring together evidence from different areas of neuroscience—such as neurological disorders, adult‐brain neurogenesis, innate behaviours, cell grafting, and in vivo cell reprogramming—which demonstrates robust circuit formation in adult brain. In some cases, adult‐brain rewiring is ongoing and required for certain types of behaviour and memory, while other cases show significant promise for brain repair in disease models. Together, these examples highlight that the adult brain has higher capacity for structural plasticity than previously recognized. Understanding the underlying mechanisms behind this retained plasticity has the potential to advance basic knowledge regarding the molecular organization of synaptic circuits and could herald a new era of neural circuit engineering for therapeutic repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Seng
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Wenshu Luo
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Csaba Földy
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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38
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Muraoka T, Ajioka I. Self-assembling Molecular Medicine for the Subacute Phase of Ischemic Stroke. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:2488-2498. [PMID: 35666393 PMCID: PMC9463329 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03638-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke leads to acute neuron death and forms an injured core, triggering delayed cell death at the penumbra. The impaired brain functions after ischemic stroke are hardly recovered because of the limited regenerative properties. However, recent rodent intervention studies manipulating the extracellular environments at the subacute phase shed new light on the regenerative potency of the injured brain. This review introduces the rational design of artificial extracellular matrix (ECM) mimics using supramolecular peptidic scaffolds, which self-assemble via non-covalent bonds and form hydrogels. The facile customizability of the peptide structures allows tuning the hydrogels' physical and biochemical properties, such as charge states, hydrophobicity, cell adhesiveness, stiffness, and stimuli responses. Supramolecular peptidic materials can create safer and more economical drugs than polymer materials and cell transplantation. We also discuss the importance of activating developmental programs for the recovery at the subacute phase of ischemic stroke. Self-assembling molecular medicine mimicking the ECMs and activating developmental programs may stand as a new drug modality of regenerative medicine in various tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Muraoka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan. .,Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (KISTEC), Kanagawa, 243-0435, Japan.
| | - Itsuki Ajioka
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (KISTEC), Kanagawa, 243-0435, Japan. .,Center for Brain Integration Research (CBIR), Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
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Zhou J, Chen F, Yan A, Jiang J, Xia X. Hyperglycemia induces retinal ganglion cell endoplasmic reticulum stress to the involvement of glaucoma in diabetic mice. Transpl Immunol 2022; 73:101636. [PMID: 35659921 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease leading to visual loss. Since glaucoma is associated with chronic renal diseases (RDs) their rate is higher in patients with RDs, and end-stage RDs (ESRDs) than in the general population and kidney transplant recipients. OBJECTIVE To explore the molecular mechanism of diabetic internal environment in regulating the endoplasmic reticulum stress of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). METHODS Thirty-six SPF grade type 2 diabetes models were divided into 3 groups: Diabetes mellitus (DM), DM + glaucoma and 4-phenylbutyric acid-DM (4-PBA-DM) + glaucoma group. C57BL6 mice of the same week age were taken as the negative control (NC) group. The morphology of RGCs and their axon in the 4 groups were labeled by fluorescent reactive dye Dil. The apoptosis situation of RGCs was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay. The protein expression values of RTN4IP1, Protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), eukaryotic initiation factor 2A (eIF2a) and X-box-binding Protein 1 (XBP1) were determined by western blot. The relative mRNA levels of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (CHOP), Caspase12 and Bax were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS Glaucoma promotes the apoptosis of RGCs. The protein expression values of RTN4IP1, PERK and XBP1 in DM mouse models with glaucoma were much higher compared to only DM mouse models. Further injection of endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor 4-PBA decreased the expression values. The relative mRNA levels of CHOP, Cysteine aspartic acid specific protease12 (Caspase12) and BCL2-associated X protein (Bax) in DM + glaucoma were significantly higher compared to those in DM group. Further injection of endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor 4-PBA decreased the mRNA levels. CONCLUSION Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is the underlying cause of glaucoma, which could promote the apoptosis of RGCs in diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzi Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, PR China.
| | - Fenghua Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, PR China
| | - Aimin Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, PR China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
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Ai C, Zhou Y, Pu K, Yang Y, Zhou Y. Nogo‑A/NgR signaling regulates stemness in cancer stem‑like cells derived from U87MG glioblastoma cells. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:230. [PMID: 35720478 PMCID: PMC9185138 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurite outgrowth inhibitor A (Nogo-A), a member of the reticulon 4 family, is an axon regeneration inhibitor that is negatively associated with the malignancy of oligodendroglial tumors. It has been suggested that the Nogo-A/Nogo Receptor (NgR) pathway plays a promoting effect in regulating cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) derived from glioblastoma, indicating that Nogo-A could exert different roles in CSCs than those in parental cancer cells. In the present study, CSCs were generated from the human Uppsala 87 malignant glioma (U87MG) cell line. These U87MG-CSCs were characterized by the upregulation of CD44 and CD133, which are two markers of stemness. The expression levels of Nogo-A and the differentiation of U87MG-CSCs were investigated. In addition, the proliferation, invasion and colony formation U87MG-CSCs were examined. Using culture in serum-containing medium, U87MG-CSCs were differentiated into neuron-like cells specifically expressing MAP2, β-III-tubulin and nestin. Nogo-A was upregulated in U87MG-CSCs compared with parental cells. Knockdown of Nogo-A and inhibition of the Nogo-A/NgR signaling pathway in U87MG-CSCs markedly decreased cell viability, cell cycle entry, invasion and tumor formation, indicating that Nogo-A could regulate U87MG-CSC function. Moreover, Nogo-A was involved in intracellular ATP synthesis and scavenging of accumulated reactive oxygen species. Nogo-A/NgR pathway exerted protective effects against hypoxia-induced non-apoptotic and apoptotic cell death. These results suggest that Nogo-A plays an important role in regulating U87MG-CSCs via the Nogo-A/NgR signaling pathway. Nogo-A may also different roles in U87MG-CSCs compared with their parental cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjin Ai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Kunming Pu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Zhou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
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Cooke P, Janowitz H, Dougherty SE. Neuronal Redevelopment and the Regeneration of Neuromodulatory Axons in the Adult Mammalian Central Nervous System. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:872501. [PMID: 35530177 PMCID: PMC9074815 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.872501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
One reason that many central nervous system injuries, including those arising from traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, and stroke, have limited recovery of function is that neurons within the adult mammalian CNS lack the ability to regenerate their axons following trauma. This stands in contrast to neurons of the adult mammalian peripheral nervous system (PNS). New evidence, provided by single-cell expression profiling, suggests that, following injury, both mammalian central and peripheral neurons can revert to an embryonic-like growth state which is permissive for axon regeneration. This “redevelopment” strategy could both facilitate a damage response necessary to isolate and repair the acute damage from injury and provide the intracellular machinery necessary for axon regrowth. Interestingly, serotonin neurons of the rostral group of raphe nuclei, which project their axons into the forebrain, display a robust ability to regenerate their axons unaided, counter to the widely held view that CNS axons cannot regenerate without experimental intervention after injury. Furthermore, initial evidence suggests that norepinephrine neurons within the locus coeruleus possess similar regenerative abilities. Several morphological characteristics of serotonin axon regeneration in adult mammals, observable using longitudinal in vivo imaging, are distinct from the known characteristics of unaided peripheral nerve regeneration, or of the regeneration seen in the spinal cord and optic nerve that occurs with experimental intervention. These results suggest that there is an alternative CNS program for axon regeneration that likely differs from that displayed by the PNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Cooke
- Linden Lab, Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Haley Janowitz
- Linden Lab, Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sarah E Dougherty
- Linden Lab, Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Soto A, Nieto-Díaz M, Reigada D, Barreda-Manso MA, Muñoz-Galdeano T, Maza RM. miR-182-5p Regulates Nogo-A Expression and Promotes Neurite Outgrowth of Hippocampal Neurons In Vitro. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050529. [PMID: 35631355 PMCID: PMC9146179 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nogo-A protein is a key myelin-associated inhibitor of axonal growth, regeneration, and plasticity in the central nervous system (CNS). Regulation of the Nogo-A/NgR1 pathway facilitates functional recovery and neural repair after spinal cord trauma and ischemic stroke. MicroRNAs are described as effective tools for the regulation of important processes in the CNS, such as neuronal differentiation, neuritogenesis, and plasticity. Our results show that miR-182-5p mimic specifically downregulates the expression of the luciferase reporter gene fused to the mouse Nogo-A 3′UTR, and Nogo-A protein expression in Neuro-2a and C6 cells. Finally, we observed that when rat primary hippocampal neurons are co-cultured with C6 cells transfected with miR-182-5p mimic, there is a promotion of the outgrowth of neuronal neurites in length. From all these data, we suggest that miR-182-5p may be a potential therapeutic tool for the promotion of axonal regeneration in different diseases of the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rodrigo M. Maza
- Correspondence: (M.N.-D.); (R.M.M.); Tel.: +34-92539-6834 (R.M.M.)
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Progression in translational research on spinal cord injury based on microenvironment imbalance. Bone Res 2022; 10:35. [PMID: 35396505 PMCID: PMC8993811 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-022-00199-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to loss of motor and sensory function below the injury level and imposes a considerable burden on patients, families, and society. Repair of the injured spinal cord has been recognized as a global medical challenge for many years. Significant progress has been made in research on the pathological mechanism of spinal cord injury. In particular, with the development of gene regulation, cell sequencing, and cell tracing technologies, in-depth explorations of the SCI microenvironment have become more feasible. However, translational studies related to repair of the injured spinal cord have not yielded significant results. This review summarizes the latest research progress on two aspects of SCI pathology: intraneuronal microenvironment imbalance and regenerative microenvironment imbalance. We also review repair strategies for the injured spinal cord based on microenvironment imbalance, including medications, cell transplantation, exosomes, tissue engineering, cell reprogramming, and rehabilitation. The current state of translational research on SCI and future directions are also discussed. The development of a combined, precise, and multitemporal strategy for repairing the injured spinal cord is a potential future direction.
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Water Treadmill Training Ameliorates Neurite Outgrowth Inhibition Associated with NGR/RhoA/ROCK by Inhibiting Astrocyte Activation following Spinal Cord Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1724362. [PMID: 35387259 PMCID: PMC8977293 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1724362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in damage to or degeneration of axons. Crosstalk between astrocytes and neurons plays a pivotal role in neurite outgrowth following SCI. Rehabilitative training is a recognized method for the treatment of SCI, but the specific mechanism underlying its effect on axonal outgrowth in the central nervous system (CNS) has not yet been determined. A total of 190 adult male SD rats weighing 200–250 g were randomly divided into eight groups for use as animal models of SCI. Rats were subjected to water treadmill training (TT) for 7 or 14 d. The Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) motor function scale, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, Nissl staining, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence were used to measure tissue morphology and the degree of neurological deficit and to determine quantitative expression and accurate localization of the corresponding proteins. We found that TT decreased tissue structure damage and improved functional recovery. TT also promoted the regeneration of neurons and reduced SCI-induced apoptosis SCI around the lesion, as well as significantly increasing the expression of GAP43 and NF200 after SCI. In addition, TT significantly inhibited the injury-induced increase in the expression of proinflammatory factors. Moreover, TT reduced the activation of astrocytes and microglia, accompanied by the reduced expression of C3d and increased expression of S100A10. Finally, TT effectively reduced the level of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) surrounding the lesion and inhibited the NGR/RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway in neurons after SCI. Overall, we found that TT played a novel role in recovery from SCI by promoting axonal outgrowth associated with NGR/RhoA/ROCK signaling by inhibiting astrocyte activation after SCI.
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45
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Glioma invasion along white matter tracts: A dilemma for neurosurgeons. Cancer Lett 2022; 526:103-111. [PMID: 34808285 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Invasive growth along white matter (WM) tracts is one of the most prominent clinicopathological features of glioma and is also an important reason for surgical treatment failure in glioma patients. A full understanding of relevant clinical features and mechanisms is of great significance for finding new therapeutic targets and developing new treatment regimens and strategies. Herein, we review the imaging and histological characteristics of glioma patients with WM tracts invasion and summarize the possible molecular mechanism. On this basis, we further discuss the correlation between glioma molecular typing, radiotherapy and tumor treating fields (TTFields) and the invasion of glioma along WM tracts.
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Nogo-B promotes invasion and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma via RhoA-SRF-MRTFA pathway. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:76. [PMID: 35075114 PMCID: PMC8786944 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04518-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Distant metastasis remains the major cause for treatment failure in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Thus, it is necessary to investigate the underlying regulation mechanisms and potential biomarkers for NPC metastasis. Nogo-B (neurite outgrowth inhibitor B), encoded by reticulon-4, has been shown to be associated with the progression and advanced stage of several cancer types. However, the relationship between Nogo-B and NPC remains unknown. In this study, we found that higher expression of Nogo-B was detected in NPC cells and tissues. Higher expression of Nogo-B was statistically relevant to N stage, M stage, and poor prognosis in NPC patients. Further functional investigations indicated that Nogo-B overexpression could increase the migration, invasion, and metastasis ability of NPC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, Nogo-B promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and enhanced the invasive potency by interacting directly with its receptor NgR3 in NPC. Additionally, overexpression of Nogo-B could upregulate the protein levels of p-RhoA, SRF, and MRTFA. A positive relationship was found between the expression of Nogo-B and the p-RhoA in NPC patients as well as in mouse lung xenografts. Nogo-Bhigh p-RhoAhigh expression was significantly associated with N stage, M stage, and poor prognosis in NPC patients. Notably, CCG-1423, an inhibitor of the RhoA-SRF-MRTFA pathway, could reverse the invasive potency of Nogo-B and NgR3 in NPC cell lines, and decrease the expression of N-Cadherin, indicating that CCG-1423 may be a potential target drug of NPC. Taken together, our findings reveal that Nogo-B enhances the migration and invasion potency of NPC cells via EMT by binding to its receptor NgR3 to regulate the RhoA-SRF-MRTFA pathway. These findings could provide a novel insight into understanding the metastasis mechanism and targeted therapy of advanced NPC.
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Pangeni RP, Olivaries I, Huen D, Buzatto VC, Dawson TP, Ashton KM, Davis C, Brodbelt AR, Jenkinson MD, Bièche I, Yang L, Latif F, Darling JL, Warr TJ, Morris MR. Genome-wide methylation analyses identifies Non-coding RNA genes dysregulated in breast tumours that metastasise to the brain. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1102. [PMID: 35058523 PMCID: PMC8776809 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05050-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases comprise 40% of all metastatic tumours and breast tumours are among the tumours that most commonly metastasise to the brain, the role that epigenetic gene dysregulation plays in this process is not well understood. We carried out 450 K methylation array analysis to investigate epigenetically dysregulated genes in breast to brain metastases (BBM) compared to normal breast tissues (BN) and primary breast tumours (BP). For this, we referenced 450 K methylation data for BBM tumours prepared in our laboratory with BN and BP from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Experimental validation on our initially identified genes, in an independent cohort of BP and in BBM and their originating primary breast tumours using Combined Bisulphite and Restriction Analysis (CoBRA) and Methylation Specific PCR identified three genes (RP11-713P17.4, MIR124-2, NUS1P3) that are hypermethylated and three genes (MIR3193, CTD-2023M8.1 and MTND6P4) that are hypomethylated in breast to brain metastases. In addition, methylation differences in candidate genes between BBM tumours and originating primary tumours shows dysregulation of DNA methylation occurs either at an early stage of tumour evolution (in the primary tumour) or at a later evolutionary stage (where the epigenetic change is only observed in the brain metastasis). Epigentic changes identified could also be found when analysing tumour free circulating DNA (tfcDNA) in patient’s serum taken during BBM biopsies. Epigenetic dysregulation of RP11-713P17.4, MIR3193, MTND6P4 are early events suggesting a potential use for these genes as prognostic markers.
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Co-Expression of Nogo-A in Dopaminergic Neurons of the Human Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Is Reduced in Parkinson’s Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123368. [PMID: 34943877 PMCID: PMC8699585 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease is mainly characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Together with the small number, the high vulnerability of the dopaminergic neurons is a major pathogenic culprit of Parkinson’s disease. Our previous findings of a higher survival of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra co-expressing Nogo-A in an animal model of Parkinson’s disease suggested that Nogo-A may be associated with dopaminergic neurons resilience against Parkinson’s disease neurodegeneration. In the present study, we have addressed the expression of Nogo-A in the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in postmortem specimens of diseased and non-diseased subjects of different ages. For this purpose, in a collaborative effort we developed a tissue micro array (TMA) that allows for simultaneous staining of many samples in a single run. Interestingly, and in contrast to the observations gathered during normal aging and in the animal model of Parkinson’s disease, increasing age was significantly associated with a lower co-expression of Nogo-A in nigral dopaminergic neurons of patients with Parkinson’s disease. In sum, while Nogo-A expression in dopaminergic neurons is higher with increasing age, the opposite is the case in Parkinson’s disease. These observations suggest that Nogo-A might play a substantial role in the vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease.
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Wang J, Miao Y, Wicklein R, Sun Z, Wang J, Jude KM, Fernandes RA, Merrill SA, Wernig M, Garcia KC, Südhof TC. RTN4/NoGo-receptor binding to BAI adhesion-GPCRs regulates neuronal development. Cell 2021; 184:5869-5885.e25. [PMID: 34758294 PMCID: PMC8620742 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
RTN4-binding proteins were widely studied as "NoGo" receptors, but their physiological interactors and roles remain elusive. Similarly, BAI adhesion-GPCRs were associated with numerous activities, but their ligands and functions remain unclear. Using unbiased approaches, we observed an unexpected convergence: RTN4 receptors are high-affinity ligands for BAI adhesion-GPCRs. A single thrombospondin type 1-repeat (TSR) domain of BAIs binds to the leucine-rich repeat domain of all three RTN4-receptor isoforms with nanomolar affinity. In the 1.65 Å crystal structure of the BAI1/RTN4-receptor complex, C-mannosylation of tryptophan and O-fucosylation of threonine in the BAI TSR-domains creates a RTN4-receptor/BAI interface shaped by unusual glycoconjugates that enables high-affinity interactions. In human neurons, RTN4 receptors regulate dendritic arborization, axonal elongation, and synapse formation by differential binding to glial versus neuronal BAIs, thereby controlling neural network activity. Thus, BAI binding to RTN4/NoGo receptors represents a receptor-ligand axis that, enabled by rare post-translational modifications, controls development of synaptic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yi Miao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rebecca Wicklein
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Zijun Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jinzhao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kevin M Jude
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ricardo A Fernandes
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sean A Merrill
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marius Wernig
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - K Christopher Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Thomas C Südhof
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Kulczyńska-Przybik A, Dulewicz M, Słowik A, Borawska R, Kułakowska A, Kochanowicz J, Mroczko B. The Clinical Significance of Cerebrospinal Fluid Reticulon 4 (RTN4) Levels in the Differential Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10225281. [PMID: 34830564 PMCID: PMC8622503 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) belong to the top global causes of mortality. Diagnostic approaches to improve early diagnosis and differentiation of these diseases are constantly being sought. Therefore, we aimed to assess the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of Reticulon 4 (RTN4) in patients with neurodegenerative diseases and evaluate the potential clinical usefulness of this protein. RTNs are transmembrane proteins mediating neuroanatomical plasticity and functional recovery after central nervous system injury or diseases. According to our best knowledge, this is the first investigation providing the data concerning the dynamic of CSF RTN4 protein levels in patients with different NDs. Methods: Overall, 77 newly diagnosed patients with neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS), as well as 21 controls, were enrolled in the study. The CSF concentrations of tested proteins were assessed using immunological assays. Results: We revealed significantly higher CSF RTN4A levels in patients with AD, PD, and MS in comparison to the controls. Moreover, the comparative analysis of RTN4 concentration between different neurodegenerative diseases revealed the highest concentration of RTN4A in AD patients and a statistically significant difference between AD vs. PD, and AD vs. MS groups. The increased CSF level of the protein correlated with Tau, and pTau181 proteins in AD as well as in PD patients. Conclusions: Our study presents a previously not identified clinical utility of RTN4 in the differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kulczyńska-Przybik
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (M.D.); (R.B.); (B.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Maciej Dulewicz
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (M.D.); (R.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Słowik
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University, 30-688 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Renata Borawska
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (M.D.); (R.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Alina Kułakowska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (A.K.); (J.K.)
| | - Jan Kochanowicz
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (A.K.); (J.K.)
| | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (M.D.); (R.B.); (B.M.)
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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