1
|
Burch AM, Garcia JD, O'Leary H, Haas A, Orfila JE, Tiemeier E, Chalmers N, Smith KR, Quillinan N, Herson PS. TRPM2 and CaMKII signaling drives excessive GABAergic synaptic inhibition following ischemia. J Neurosci 2024:e1762232024. [PMID: 38565288 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1762-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Excitotoxicity and the concurrent loss of inhibition are well-defined mechanisms driving acute elevation in excitatory/ inhibitory (E/I) balance and neuronal cell death following an ischemic insult to the brain. Despite the high prevalence of long-term disability in survivors of global cerebral ischemia (GCI) as a consequence of cardiac arrest, it remains unclear whether E/I imbalance persists beyond the acute phase and negatively affects functional recovery. We previously demonstrated sustained impairment of long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal CA1 neurons correlating with deficits in learning and memory tasks in a murine model of cardiac arrest/ cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR). Here, we use CA/CPR and an in vitro ischemia model to elucidate mechanisms by which E/I imbalance contributes to ongoing hippocampal dysfunction in male mice. We reveal increased postsynaptic GABAA receptor (GABAAR) clustering and function in the CA1 region of the hippocampus that reduces E/I ratio. Importantly, reduced GABAAR clustering observed in the first 24 hours rebounds to an elevation of GABAergic clustering by 3 days post-ischemia. This increase in GABAergic inhibition required activation of the Ca2+-permeable ion channel transient receptor potential melastatin-2 (TRPM2), previously implicated in persistent LTP and memory deficits following CA/CPR. Furthermore, we find Ca2+-signaling, likely downstream of TRPM2 activation, upregulates Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) activity, thereby driving the elevation of postsynaptic inhibitory function. Thus, we propose a novel mechanism by which inhibitory synaptic strength is upregulated in the context of ischemia and identify TRPM2 and CaMKII as potential pharmacological targets to restore perturbed synaptic plasticity and ameliorate cognitive function.Significance Statement Excitatory/ inhibitory (E/I) imbalance drives long-term disability in numerous central nervous system disorders, including cerebral ischemia. Previous studies indicated ischemia-induced hippocampal synaptic plasticity deficits contribute to long-term cognitive impairment, yet the mechanisms underlying hippocampal dysfunction are poorly defined. Here, we combine in vivo and in vitro approaches to demonstrate elevated GABAA receptor clustering and function contribute to a reduction in hippocampal E/I balance and deficits in long-term potentiation at delayed timepoints following ischemia. We further identify ongoing activation of the TRPM2 ion channel and Ca2+-dependent kinase, CaMKII, are required for the ischemia-induced enhancement of GABAergic synaptic inhibition, highlighting promising new targets to improve post-ischemic long-term functional recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia M Burch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E. 17th Ave., Aurora CO 80045, USA
| | - Joshua D Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Aurora CO 80045, USA
| | - Heather O'Leary
- Department of Anesthesiology, Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E. 17th Ave., Aurora CO 80045, USA
| | - Ami Haas
- Department of Anesthesiology, Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E. 17th Ave., Aurora CO 80045, USA
| | - James E Orfila
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, 460 W. 12th Ave., Columbus OH 43210, USA
| | - Erika Tiemeier
- Department of Anesthesiology, Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E. 17th Ave., Aurora CO 80045, USA
| | - Nicholas Chalmers
- Department of Anesthesiology, Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E. 17th Ave., Aurora CO 80045, USA
| | - Katharine R Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Aurora CO 80045, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E. 17th Ave., Aurora CO 80045, USA.
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, 460 W. 12th Ave., Columbus OH 43210, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Oshima K, Siddiqui N, Orfila JE, Carter D, Laing J, Han X, Zakharevich I, Iozzo RV, Ghasabyan A, Moore H, Zhang F, Linhardt RJ, Moore EE, Quillinan N, Schmidt EP, Herson PS, Hippensteel JA. A role for decorin in improving motor deficits after traumatic brain injury. Matrix Biol 2024; 125:88-99. [PMID: 38135163 PMCID: PMC10922985 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death and disability due to injury worldwide. Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is known to significantly contribute to TBI pathophysiology. Glycosaminoglycans, which are long-chain, variably sulfated polysaccharides abundant within the ECM, have previously been shown to be substantially altered after TBI. In this study, we sought to delineate the dynamics of glycosaminoglycan alterations after TBI and discover the precise biologic processes responsible for observed glycosaminoglycan changes after injury. We performed state-of-the art mass spectrometry on brain tissues isolated from mice after TBI or craniotomy-alone. We observed dynamic changes in glycosaminoglycans at Day 1 and 7 post-TBI, with heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, and hyaluronan remaining significantly increased after a week vis-à-vis craniotomy-alone tissues. We did not observe appreciable changes in circulating glycosaminoglycans in mice after experimental TBI compared to craniotomy-alone nor in patients with TBI and severe polytrauma compared to control patients with mild injuries, suggesting increases in injury site glycosaminoglycans are driven by local synthesis. We subsequently performed an unbiased whole genome transcriptomics analysis on mouse brain tissues 7 days post-TBI and discovered a significant induction of hyaluronan synthase 2, glypican-3, and decorin. The functional role of decorin after injury was further examined through multimodal behavioral testing comparing wild-type and Dcn-/- mice. We discovered that genetic ablation of Dcn led to an overall negative effect of TBI on function, exacerbating motor impairments after TBI. Collectively, our results provide a spatiotemporal characterization of post-TBI glycosaminoglycan alterations in the brain ECM and support an important adaptive role for decorin upregulation after TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Oshima
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Noah Siddiqui
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - James E Orfila
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Danelle Carter
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Justin Laing
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Xiaorui Han
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA; Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Igor Zakharevich
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Arsen Ghasabyan
- Department of Surgery, Ernest E. Moore Shock Trauma Center at Denver Health, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Hunter Moore
- Department of Surgery, Ernest E. Moore Shock Trauma Center at Denver Health, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Ernest E Moore
- Department of Surgery, Ernest E. Moore Shock Trauma Center at Denver Health, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Eric P Schmidt
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Joseph A Hippensteel
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Higgins HM, Chen L, Ravare BC, Jeppson KA, Bina HT, Herson PS, Monte AA, Poisson SN, Dylla L. Response to: Acute ischemic stroke and cardioemboli: Does sex matter? Am J Emerg Med 2023; 74:170-171. [PMID: 37867013 PMCID: PMC10792528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Higgins
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Lucia Chen
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Brandy C Ravare
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Kerri A Jeppson
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Heather T Bina
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Andrew A Monte
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Sharon N Poisson
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Layne Dylla
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Higgins HM, Chen L, Ravare BC, Jeppson KA, Bina HT, Herson PS, Monte AA, Poisson SN, Dylla L. Sex differences in acute ischemic stroke presentation are a matter of infarct location. Am J Emerg Med 2023; 74:95-99. [PMID: 37802001 PMCID: PMC10843056 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recognition of stroke by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) is critical to initiate rapid emergency department treatment. Most prehospital stroke screening tools rely heavily on presentation with the classic symptoms of facial droop, speech changes, unilateral weakness. However, women may be less likely to present with classic symptoms and may also have different distributions of stroke by anatomical location. This study seeks to determine the association between biological sex, presentation with classic symptoms, and the location of the infarcted tissue. METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study. Data from electronic health records were extracted for patients with acute ischemic stroke who presented via EMS to a single Comprehensive Stroke Center between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2020. We used descriptive statistics characterize the cohort. Multivariable logistic regression identified factors associated with classic symptom presentation (facial droop, speech changes, and/or unilateral weakness). Biological sex, location of the infarct, stroke etiology, age and the interaction between sex and infarct location were assessed as covariates. RESULTS There were 364 (58.6%) males and 257 (41.1%) females with an acute ischemic stroke included in this study. EMS documented one or more classic symptoms in 125 (72.3%) males and 161 (67.9%) females. There were no baseline differences in infarct location or presentation with classic symptoms as documented by EMS comparing males and females. Multivariate logistic regression found no association between biological sex and presentation with classic symptoms (Odds Ratio 1.08; 95% CI 0.58 to 1.55) after controlling for age, stroke location, etiology of stroke or the interaction between sex and infarct location. Presence of an anterior circulation infarct compared to posterior circulation infarct was positively associated with a classic presentation to EMS (Odds Ratio 3.41; 95% CI 2.15 to 5.41). CONCLUSIONS This study found no difference in the frequency of patient presentation with classic stroke symptoms based on biological sex alone, nor a significant different in distribution of infarcts between males and females. Infarct location (i.e., involving the anterior circulation) was associated with a classic presentation. This suggests that the likelihood of presenting with classic stroke symptoms is not influenced by sex, but rather the location of the infarct.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Higgins
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Lucia Chen
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Brandy C Ravare
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Kerri A Jeppson
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Heather T Bina
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Andrew A Monte
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Sharon N Poisson
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Layne Dylla
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Basak JM, Falk M, Mitchell DN, Coakley KA, Quillinan N, Orfila JE, Herson PS. Targeting BACE1-mediated production of amyloid beta improves hippocampal synaptic function in an experimental model of ischemic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:66-77. [PMID: 37150606 PMCID: PMC10638992 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231159597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Post-stroke cognitive impairment and dementia (PSCID) affects many survivors of large vessel cerebral ischemia. The molecular pathways underlying PSCID are poorly defined but may overlap with neurodegenerative pathophysiology. Specifically, synaptic dysfunction after stroke may be directly mediated by alterations in the levels of amyloid beta (Aβ), the peptide that accumulates in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. In this study, we use the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) model in young adult mice to evaluate if a large vessel stroke increases brain soluble Aβ levels. We show that soluble Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels are increased in the ipsilateral hippocampus in MCAo mice 7 days after the injury. We also analyze the level and activity of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), an enzyme that generates Aβ in the brain, and observe that BACE1 activity is increased in the ipsilateral hippocampus of the MCAo mice. Finally, we highlight that treatment of MCAo mice with a BACE1 inhibitor during the recovery period rescues stroke-induced deficits in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. These findings support a molecular pathway linking ischemia to alterations in BACE1-mediated production of Aβ, and encourage future studies that evaluate whether targeting BACE1 activity improves the cognitive deficits seen with PSCID.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M Basak
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Neuronal Injury and Plasticity Program, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Macy Falk
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Neuronal Injury and Plasticity Program, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Danae N Mitchell
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Neuronal Injury and Plasticity Program, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kelley A Coakley
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Neuronal Injury and Plasticity Program, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - James E Orfila
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Le TD, Gurney JM, Singh KP, Nessen SC, Schneider ALC, Agimi Y, Bebarta VS, Herson PS, Stout KC, Cardin S, Crowder AT, Ling GSF, Stackle ME, Pusateri AE. Trends in Traumatic Brain Injury Among U.S. Service Members Deployed in Iraq and Afghanistan, 2002-2016. Am J Prev Med 2023; 65:230-238. [PMID: 36870787 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health issue for service members deployed and is more common in recent conflicts; however, a thorough understanding of risk factors and trends is not well described. This study aims to characterize the epidemiology of TBI in U.S. service members and the potential impacts of changes in policy, care, equipment, and tactics over the 15 years studied. METHODS Retrospective analysis of U.S. Department of Defense Trauma Registry data (2002-2016) was performed on service members treated for TBI at Role 3 medical treatment facilities in Iraq and Afghanistan. Risk factors and trends in TBI were examined in 2021 using Joinpoint regression and logistic regression. RESULTS Nearly one third of 29,735 injured service members (32.4%) reaching Role 3 medical treatment facilities had TBI. The majority sustained mild (75.8%), followed by moderate (11.6%) and severe (10.6%) TBI. TBI proportion was higher in males than in females (32.6% vs 25.3%; p<0.001), in Afghanistan than in Iraq (43.8% vs 25.5%; p<0.001), and in battle than in nonbattle (38.6% vs 21.9%; p<0.001). Patients with moderate or severe TBI were more likely to have polytrauma (p<0.001). TBI proportion increased over time, primarily in mild TBI (p=0.02), slightly in moderate TBI (p=0.04), and most rapidly between 2005 and 2011, with a 2.48% annual increase. CONCLUSIONS One third of injured service members at Role 3 medical treatment facilities experienced TBI. Findings suggest that additional preventive measures may decrease TBI frequency and severity. Clinical guidelines for field management of mild TBI may reduce the burden on evacuation and hospital systems. Additional capabilities may be needed for military field hospitals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuan D Le
- U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UT Tyler School of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler Health Science Center, Tyler, Texas.
| | - Jennifer M Gurney
- U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas; Joint Trauma System, Fort Sam Houston, Texas
| | - Karan P Singh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UT Tyler School of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler Health Science Center, Tyler, Texas
| | | | - Andrea L C Schneider
- Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yll Agimi
- Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, Defense Health Agency, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Vikhyat S Bebarta
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Center for COMBAT Research, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; CU Center for COMBAT Research, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Katharine C Stout
- Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, Defense Health Agency, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Sylvain Cardin
- Naval Medical Research Unit-San Antonio TX, Fort Sam Houston, Texas
| | - Alicia T Crowder
- U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas
| | - Geoffrey S F Ling
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mark E Stackle
- U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas
| | - Anthony E Pusateri
- U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Frazier AP, Mitchell DN, Given KS, Hunn G, Burch AM, Childs CR, Moreno-Garcia M, Corigilano MR, Quillinan N, Macklin WB, Herson PS, Dingman AL. Chronic changes in oligodendrocyte sub-populations after middle cerebral artery occlusion in neonatal mice. Glia 2023; 71:1429-1450. [PMID: 36794545 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal stroke is common and causes life-long motor and cognitive sequelae. Because neonates with stroke are not diagnosed until days-months after the injury, chronic targets for repair are needed. We evaluated oligodendrocyte maturity and myelination and assessed oligodendrocyte gene expression changes using single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA seq) at chronic timepoints in a mouse model of neonatal arterial ischemic stroke. Mice underwent 60 min of transient right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) on postnatal day 10 (p10) and received 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) on post-MCAO days 3-7 to label dividing cells. Animals were sacrificed 14 and 28-30 days post-MCAO for immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Oligodendrocytes were isolated from striatum 14 days post-MCAO for scRNA seq and differential gene expression analysis. The density of Olig2+ EdU+ cells was significantly increased in ipsilateral striatum 14 days post-MCAO and the majority of oligodendrocytes were immature. Density of Olig2+ EdU+ cells declined significantly between 14 and 28 days post-MCAO without a concurrent increase in mature Olig2+ EdU+ cells. By 28 days post-MCAO there were significantly fewer myelinated axons in ipsilateral striatum. scRNA seq identified a cluster of "disease associated oligodendrocytes (DOLs)" specific to the ischemic striatum, with increased expression of MHC class I genes. Gene ontology analysis suggested decreased enrichment of pathways involved in myelin production in the reactive cluster. Oligodendrocytes proliferate 3-7 days post-MCAO and persist at 14 days, but fail to mature by 28 days. MCAO induces a subset of oligodendrocytes with reactive phenotype, which may be a therapeutic target to promote white matter repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra P Frazier
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Danae N Mitchell
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Katherine S Given
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Genevieve Hunn
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Amelia M Burch
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Christine R Childs
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Myriam Moreno-Garcia
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael R Corigilano
- Department of Graduate Medical Education, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Wendy B Macklin
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Andra L Dingman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rumian NL, Brown CN, Hendry-Hofer TB, Rossetti T, Orfila JE, Tullis JE, Dwoskin LP, Buonarati OR, Lisman JE, Quillinan N, Herson PS, Bebarta VS, Bayer KU. Short-term CaMKII inhibition with tatCN19o does not erase pre-formed memory in mice and is neuroprotective in pigs. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104693. [PMID: 37037305 PMCID: PMC10189404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a central regulator of learning and memory, which poses a problem for targeting it therapeutically. Indeed, our study supports prior conclusions that long-term interference with CaMKII signaling can erase pre-formed memories. By contrast, short-term pharmacological CaMKII inhibition with the neuroprotective peptide tatCN19o interfered with learning in mice only mildly and transiently (for less than 1 h) and did not at all reverse pre-formed memories. These results were obtained with ≥500fold of the dose that protected hippocampal neurons from cell death after a highly clinically relevant pig model of transient global cerebral ischemia: ventricular fibrillation followed by advanced life support and electrical defibrillation to induce return of spontaneous circulation. Of additional importance for therapy development, our preliminary cardiovascular safety studies in mice and pig did not indicate any concerns with acute tatCN19o injection. Taken together, even though prolonged interference with CaMKII signaling can erase memory, acute short-term CaMKII inhibition with tatCN19o did not cause such retrograde amnesia that would pose a contraindication for therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Rumian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Carolyn Nicole Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Tara B Hendry-Hofer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Thomas Rossetti
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - James E Orfila
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jonathan E Tullis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Linda P Dwoskin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Olivia R Buonarati
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - John E Lisman
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Vikhyat S Bebarta
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fine-Raquet B, Manzella FM, Joksimovic SM, Dietz RM, Orfila JE, Sampath D, Tesic V, Atluri N, Covey DF, Raol YH, Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Herson PS, Todorovic SM. Neonatal exposure to a neuroactive steroid alters low-frequency oscillations in the subiculum. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:578-587. [PMID: 37309730 PMCID: PMC10350800 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231177009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Preclinical studies have established that neonatal exposure to contemporary sedative/hypnotic drugs causes neurotoxicity in the developing rodent and primate brains. Our group recently reported that novel neuroactive steroid (3β,5β,17β)-3-hydroxyandrostane-17-carbonitrile (3β-OH) induced effective hypnosis in both neonatal and adult rodents but did not cause significant neurotoxicity in vulnerable brain regions such as subiculum, an output region of hippocampal formation particularly sensitive to commonly used sedatives/hypnotics. Despite significant emphasis on patho-morphological changes, little is known about long-term effects on subicular neurophysiology after neonatal exposure to neuroactive steroids. Hence, we explored the lasting effects of neonatal exposure to 3β-OH on sleep macrostructure as well as subicular neuronal oscillations in vivo and synaptic plasticity ex vivo in adolescent rats. At postnatal day 7, we exposed rat pups to either 10 mg/kg of 3β-OH over a period of 12 h or to volume-matched cyclodextrin vehicle. At weaning age, a cohort of rats was implanted with a cortical electroencephalogram (EEG) and subicular depth electrodes. At postnatal day 30-33, we performed in vivo assessment of sleep macrostructure (divided into wake, non-rapid eye movement, and rapid eye movement sleep) and power spectra in cortex and subiculum. In a second cohort of 3β-OH exposed animals, we conducted ex vivo studies of long-term potentiation (LTP) in adolescent rats. Overall, we found that neonatal exposure to 3β-OH decreased subicular delta and sigma oscillations during non-rapid eye movement sleep without altering sleep macrostructure. Furthermore, we observed no significant changes in subicular synaptic plasticity. Interestingly, our previous study found that neonatal exposure to ketamine increased subicular gamma oscillations during non-rapid eye movement sleep and profoundly suppressed subicular LTP in adolescent rats. Together these results suggest that exposure to different sedative/hypnotic agents during a critical period of brain development may induce distinct functional changes in subiculum circuitry that may persist into adolescent age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brier Fine-Raquet
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Francesca M Manzella
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Srdjan M Joksimovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Robert M Dietz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - James E Orfila
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Dayalan Sampath
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Vesna Tesic
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Navya Atluri
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Douglas F Covey
- Department of Developmental Biology, St. Louis School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research, St. Louis School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Yogendra H Raol
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20824, USA
| | - Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Slobodan M Todorovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Joksimovic SM, Ghodsi SM, Heinsbroek JA, Orfila JE, Busquet N, Tesic V, Valdez R, Fine-Raquet B, Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Raol YH, Herson PS, Todorovic SM. Ca V3.1 T-type calcium channels are important for spatial memory processing in the dorsal subiculum. Neuropharmacology 2023; 226:109400. [PMID: 36586474 PMCID: PMC9898223 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The dorsal subiculum (dSub) is one of the key structures responsible for the formation of hippocampal memory traces but the contribution of individual ionic currents to its cognitive function is not well studied. Although we recently reported that low-voltage-activated T-type calcium channels (T-channels) are crucial for the burst firing pattern regulation in the dSub pyramidal neurons, their potential role in learning and memory remains unclear. Here we used in vivo local field potential recordings and miniscope calcium imaging in freely behaving mice coupled with pharmacological and genetic tools to address this gap in knowledge. We show that the CaV3.1 isoform of T-channels is critically involved in controlling neuronal activity in the dSub in vivo. Altering neuronal excitability by inhibiting T-channel activity markedly affects calcium dynamics, synaptic plasticity, neuronal oscillations and phase-amplitude coupling in the dSub, thereby disrupting spatial learning. These results provide an important causative link between the CaV3.1 channels, burst firing of dSub neurons and memory formation, thus further supporting the notion that changes in neuronal excitability regulate memory processing. We posit that subicular CaV3.1 T-channels could be a promising novel drug target for cognitive disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srdjan M Joksimovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Division of Neurology and CHOP Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Seyed Mohammadreza Ghodsi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jasper A Heinsbroek
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James E Orfila
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nicolas Busquet
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Vesna Tesic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert Valdez
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Translational Epilepsy Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Brier Fine-Raquet
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yogendra H Raol
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Translational Epilepsy Research Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Slobodan M Todorovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
DYLLA LAYNE, Higgins HM, Ravare B, Jeppson K, Bina H, Rice JD, Herson PS, Monte AA, Poisson SN. Abstract TP47: Impact Of Prehospital Care And Patient Presentation On In-hospital Treatment Of Acute Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/str.54.suppl_1.tp47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Emergency Medicine Service (EMS) provider compliance with American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines for acute stroke care is low. While early recognition improves in-hospital quality of care, including door-to-computed tomography (CT) time, the impact of compliance with individual recommendations on in-hospital outcomes is unknown.
Methods:
We identified 410 acute ischemic stroke patients who presented to a Comprehensive Stroke Center via EMS between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2019. Guideline concordant care was defined as encounters in which EMS documented: a blood glucose, a 12-lead electrocardiogram, a stroke scale result, and time of the last known well; were enroute within less than 2 minutes from dispatch and spent less than 15 minutes on scene. We used a multivariable linear regression model to determine the effect of individual metrics, race/ethnicity, sex, and age on door-to-CT times.
Results:
There was low compliance with all quality-of-care metrics (37/410 encounters, 9%), but most encounters met at least 4 metrics (60.3%). Compliance with recommendations to maintain short dispatch-to-enroute times and to obtain a blood glucose were the highest (88.1% and 74.5%, respectively). Only 44.5% of encounters documented a stroke scale, but 95.9% documented a neurological exam. A linear regression model identified documentation of classic symptoms (unilateral weakness, facial droop, or speech changes) (parameter estimate -16.6, 95% CI -21.8 to -11.5) and documentation of the last known well time (parameter estimate -15.9, 95% CI -21.6 to -10.1) as significant predictors of door-to-CT times. However, documentation of a last known well occurred only in 59.9% encounters.
Conclusions:
Like prior studies, this study finds similarly low compliance with AHA stroke guideline and also identifies two key EMS actions that are associated with shorter door-to-CT times - documentation of last known well and recognition and documentation of classic stroke symptoms. Further education is needed to reinforce the importance of individual recommendations such as documentation of last known well and its impact on in-hospital care. Broader analysis of EMS practices is needed to fully understand the impact on additional patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- LAYNE DYLLA
- Emergency Medicine, Univ of Colorado Sch of Medicine, AURORA, CO
| | - Hannah M Higgins
- Emergency Medicine, Univ of Colorado Sch of Medicine, AURORA, CO
| | | | | | | | - John D Rice
- Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado Sch of Public Health, AURORA, CO
| | | | - Andrew A Monte
- Emergency Medicine, Univ of Colorado Sch of Medicine, AURORA, CO
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Coakley KA, Orfila JE, Apolinario TD, Loehfelm AM, Herson PS. Abstract WP240: TRPM2 Channel Deletion In Neurons Reduces Injury Following Ischemic Stroke And Improves Post-stroke Cognitive Function. Stroke 2023. [DOI: 10.1161/str.54.suppl_1.wp240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Emerging evidence implicates post-stroke cognitive impairment as a major contributor to long-term disability. Therefore, optimal therapeutic targets reduce acute ischemic injury and enhance post-stroke brain function. Strong data demonstrates that a novel TRPM2 channel antagonist (tat-M2NX) provides neuroprotection and improves synaptic function, thereby reducing post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI).
Hypothesis:
Knockout of neuron-specific TRPM2 channel expression reduces infarct volume and enhances functional recovery following MCAO
Methods:
Transient MCAO (60 min) was performed on adult (8-10 week) male and female TRPM2 neuron-specific KO (TRPM2fl/fl, CaMKII Cre) and TRPM2 floxed controls (TRPM2fl/fl)Hemispheric infarct volume analyzed from MRI (T2) images 3 days post-injury by a blinded investigator. Extracellular field recordings of CA1 neurons were performed in acute hippocampal slices prepared 7 days after recovery from MCAO to analyze synaptic placticity (LTP).
Results:
We observed that neuronal-specific TRPM2 channel knockout reduces acute ischemic injury (infarct volume) in male animals, while having minimal effect on female mice. Consistent with the hypothesis that neuronal TRPM2 channels contribute to ischemia-induced synaptic dysfunction, recordings obtained in brain slices from neuronal TRPM2 channel KO mice (TRPM2fl/fl-CaMKII CRE) mice 7 days after recovery from 60 min MCAo exhibited intact hippocampal plasticity compared to control TRPM2fl/fl mice not expressing CRE. Male sham control mice exhibit robust LTP of 163±10.4% (n=3) compared to 115±5.6% (n=4) in TRPM2fl/fl mice after MCAO. Neuronal KO exhibited 175±9.8% (n=2). Similarly, female mice had control LTP of 170±6.8% (n=4) compared to 125±6.8% (n=3) in TRPM2fl/fl mice after MCAO. Neuronal KO exhibited 208±7.8% (n=5, p<0.05 ANOVA compared to TRPM2fl/fl MCAO).
Conclusion:
Our data highlight that TRPM2 channels expressed in neurons contribute to both acute injury following transient ischemic stroke and subacute/chronic functional recovery.
Collapse
|
13
|
Rumian NL, Brown CN, Hendry-Hofer TB, Rossetti T, Orfila JE, Tullis JE, Dwoskin LP, Buonarati OR, Lisman JE, Quillinan N, Herson PS, Bebarta VS, Bayer KU. Short-term CaMKII inhibition with tatCN19o does not erase pre-formed memory and is neuroprotective in non-rodents. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.23.523316. [PMID: 36747773 PMCID: PMC9900743 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.23.523316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a central regulator of learning and memory, which poses a problem for targeting it therapeutically. Indeed, our study supports prior conclusions that long-term interference with CaMKII signaling can erase pre-formed memories. By contrast, short-term pharmacological CaMKII inhibition with tatCN19o interfered with learning in mice only mildly and transiently (for less than 1 h) and did not at all reverse pre-formed memories. This was at ≥500fold of the dose that protected hippocampal neurons from cell death after a highly clinically relevant pig model of transient global cerebral ischemia: ventricular fibrillation followed by advanced life support and electrical defibrillation to induce return of spontaneous circulation. Of additional importance for therapeutic development, cardiovascular safety studies in mice and pig did not indicate any concerns with acute tatCN19o injection. Taken together, even though prolonged interference with CaMKII signaling can erase memory, acute short-term CaMKII inhibition with tatCN19o did not cause such retrograde amnesia that would pose a contraindication for therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L. Rumian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Carolyn Nicole Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Tara B. Hendry-Hofer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Thomas Rossetti
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA,present address: Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY 10021, USA
| | - James E. Orfila
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jonathan E. Tullis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Linda P. Dwoskin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Olivia R. Buonarati
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - John E. Lisman
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA,deceased
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paco S. Herson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA,Correspondence should be addressed to Paco S. Herson (), Vikhyat S. Bebarta (), or K. Ulrich Bayer ()
| | - Vikhyat S. Bebarta
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA,Correspondence should be addressed to Paco S. Herson (), Vikhyat S. Bebarta (), or K. Ulrich Bayer ()
| | - K. Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA,Correspondence should be addressed to Paco S. Herson (), Vikhyat S. Bebarta (), or K. Ulrich Bayer ()
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dylla L, Higgins HM, Piper C, Poisson SN, Herson PS, Monte AA. Sex as a biological variable in determining the metabolic changes influencing acute ischemic stroke outcomes-Where is the data: A systematic review. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1026431. [PMID: 36504643 PMCID: PMC9729945 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1026431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Women continue to face a greater lifetime morbidity and mortality from stroke and have been shown to respond differently to stroke treatments compared to men. Since 2016, updated National Institutes of Health (NIH) policies require research studies to consider sex as a biological variable. However, the way in which this policy affects study design, analysis, and reporting is variable, with few studies performing and reporting a subgroup analysis based on biological sex. In acute ischemic stroke, the underlying biological explanation for sex-based differences in patient outcomes and response to treatments remains understudied. We performed a systematic review of preclinical and clinical research studies that explored sex differences in the metabolic response to acute ischemic stroke as it relates to neurological outcomes. Through a literature search in Ovid Medline, Embase, and Web of Science, 1,004 potential references were identified for screening. After abstract and full-text review, we identified only two studies which assessed metabolic response to acute ischemic stroke (within 72 h of last known well) and neurological outcome [Barthel Index, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) or an equivalent in preclinical models] and reported results based on biological sex. One article was a preclinical rat model and the other a clinical cohort study. In both studies, metabolites involved in amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, fat metabolism, or oxidative stress were identified. We review these results and link to additional articles that use metabolomics to identify metabolites differentially expressed by sex or regulated based on stroke outcomes, but not both. The results of this systematic review should not only help identify targets in need of further investigation to improve the understanding of sex differences in the pathophysiology of acute ischemic stroke, but also highlight the critical need to expand the incorporation of sex as a biological variable in acute stroke research beyond simply including both sexes and reporting the proportion of males/females in each population studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Layne Dylla
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Hannah M. Higgins
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Christi Piper
- Strauss Health Sciences Library, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Sharon N. Poisson
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Paco S. Herson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Andrew A. Monte
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Brain ischemia affects all ages, from neonates to the elderly population, and is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Multiple preclinical rodent models involving different ages have been developed to investigate the effect of ischemia during different times of key brain maturation events. Traditional models of developmental brain ischemia have focused on rodents at postnatal day 7-10, though emerging models in juvenile rodents (postnatal days 17-25) indicate that there may be fundamental differences in neuronal injury and functional outcomes following focal or global cerebral ischemia at different developmental ages, as well as in adults. Here, we consider the timing of injury in terms of excitation/inhibition balance, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, blood brain barrier integrity, and white matter injury. Finally, we review translational strategies to improve function after ischemic brain injury, including new ideas regarding neurorestoration, or neural repair strategies that restore plasticity, at delayed time points after ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Dietz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andra L Dingman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dylla L, Rice JD, Poisson SN, Monte AA, Higgins HM, Ginde AA, Herson PS. Analysis of Stroke Care Among 2019-2020 National Emergency Medical Services Information System Encounters. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106278. [PMID: 34998044 PMCID: PMC8851983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.106278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Emergency Medicine Service (EMS) providers play a pivotal role in early identification and initiation of treatment for stroke. The objective of this study is to characterize nationwide EMS practices for suspected stroke and assess for gender-based differences in compliance with American Stroke Association (ASA) guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using the 2019-2020 National Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS) Datasets, we identified encounters with an EMS designated primary impression of stroke. We characterized patient characteristics and EMS practices and assessed compliance with eight metrics for "guideline-concordant" care. Multivariable logistic regression modeled the association between gender and the primary outcome (guideline-concordant care), adjusted for age, EMS level of service, EMS geographical region, region type (i.e. urban or rural), and year. RESULTS Of 693,177 encounters with a primary impression of stroke, overall compliance with each performance metric ranged from 18% (providing supplemental oxygen when the pulse oximetry is less than 94%) to 76% (less than 90sec from incoming call to EMS dispatch). 2,382 (0.39%) encounters were fully guideline-concordant. Women were significantly less likely than men to receive guideline-concordant care (adjusted OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.75-0.89; 0.36% women, 0.43% men with guideline-concordant care). CONCLUSIONS A minority of patients received prehospital stroke care that was documented to be compliant with ASA guidelines. Women were less likely to receive fully guideline-compliant care compared to men, after controlling for confounders, although the difference was small and of uncertain climical importance. Further studies are needed to evaluate the underlying reasons for this disparity, its impact on patient outcomes, and to identify potential targeted interventions to improve prehospital stroke care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Layne Dylla
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO, USA.
| | - John D Rice
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora CO, USA.
| | - Sharon N Poisson
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO, USA.
| | - Andrew A Monte
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO, USA.
| | - Hannah M Higgins
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora CO, USA.
| | - Adit A Ginde
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine.
| | - Paco S Herson
- (7)Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Orfila JE, Burch A, Dietz R, Schroeder C, Mitchell D, Minjarez C, Coakley K, Patsos O, Herson PS. Abstract WP248: Extended Therapeutic Window Of A Novel Peptide Inhibitor Of Trpm2 Channels On Memory Following Focal Cerebral Ischemia. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/str.53.suppl_1.wp248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adult stroke is the a leading cause of mortality and morbidity, with significant sequelae including memory deficits. Despite intense research, no pharmacological interventions are currently available to improve cognitive outcome following ischemic stroke (MCAO). Studies suggest that the non-selective transient receptor potential M2 (TRPM2) channels may contribute to brain injury, specifically in males. This study used electrophysiology and neurobehavior to investigate whether TRPM2 could restore cognitive impairments 30 days after MCAO. To assess the functional role of TRPM2 channels, our novel TRPM2 channel antagonist tat-M2NX was administered intravenously 29 days following MCAO, with contextual fear conditioning performed to measure memory function in mice on day 31. Sham operated mice exhibited intact spatial memory, as indicated by high an increase in freezing behavior (65.44% ± 4.167, N=6) whereas) whereas MCAO mice treated with tat-Scr treated reduced freezing behavior (36.7%, ± 24.4 N=7). . Administration of tatM2NX resulted in improved memory function (72.26% ± 10.98 n=9) compared to tatSCR-treated mice. To assess the effect of MCAO on hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), a well-accepted model of learning and memory, extracellular field recordings of CA1 neurons were performed in acute hippocampal slices prepared 31 days after MCAO. Under control conditions, a physiological theta burst stimulation (40 pulses, 100Hz) resulted in LTP that increased the slope of fEPSP to 70.8%, n=5 of baseline MCAO injured mice had impaired LTP (121.1%, n=5). However, mice treated with tat-M2NX on day 30 and recorded on day 31 preserved LTP (185.4, n=5), consistent with improved memory function above. This study suggests that TRPM2 channels contribute to the functional memory impairment seen after MAO at delayed timepoints. Therefore, targeting TRPM2 channel activity may be a potential therapeutic approach to improve long-term functional outcome following MCAO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amelia Burch
- Univ of Colorado, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Disharoon D, Trewyn BG, Herson PS, Marr DW, Neeves KB. Breaking the fibrinolytic speed limit with microwheel co-delivery of tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:486-497. [PMID: 34882946 PMCID: PMC8792280 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To reestablish blood flow in vessels occluded by clots, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) can be used; however, its efficacy is limited by transport to and into a clot and by the depletion of its substrate, plasminogen. OBJECTIVES To overcome these rate limitations, a platform was designed to co-deliver tPA and plasminogen based on microwheels (µwheels), wheel-like assemblies of superparamagnetic colloidal beads that roll along surfaces at high speeds. METHODS The biochemical speed limit was determined by measuring fibrinolysis of plasma clots at varying concentrations of tPA (10-800 nM) and plasminogen (1-6 µM). Biotinylated magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles were synthesized and bound to streptavidin-coated superparamagnetic beads to make studded beads. Studded beads were loaded with plasminogen and tPA was immobilized on their surface. Plasminogen release and tPA activity were measured on the studded beads. Studded beads were assembled into µwheels with rotating magnetic fields and fibrinolysis of plasma clots was measured in a microfluidic device. RESULTS The biochemical speed limit for plasma clots was ~15 µm/min. Plasminogen-loaded, tPA-immobilized µwheels lyse plasma clots at rates comparableto the biochemical speed limit. With the addition of a corkscrew motion, µwheels penetrate clots, thereby exceeding the biochemical speed limit (~20 µm/min) and achieving lysis rates 40-fold higher than 50 nM tPA. CONCLUSIONS Co-delivery of an immobilized enzyme and its substrate via a microbot capable of mechanical work has the potential to target and rapidly lyse clots that are inaccessible by mechanical thrombectomy devices or recalcitrant to systemic tPA delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dante Disharoon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, United States
| | - Brian G. Trewyn
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, United States
| | - Paco S. Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver ∣ Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - David W.M. Marr
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, United States
| | - Keith B. Neeves
- Departments of Bioengineering and Pediatrics, Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, University of Colorado Denver ∣ Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Burch A, Mitchell D, Orfila JE, Quillinan N, Herson PS. Abstract TMP115: Increased Expression Of Cd38 In Activated Astrocytes Contributes To Impaired Synaptic Plasticity Following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/str.53.suppl_1.tmp115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Emerging evidence has implicated post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) as a major contributor to long-term disability following acute ischemic stroke. While the hippocampus is shown to contribute to PSCI, the exact mechanisms underlying PSCI have yet to be elucidated. Interestingly, a preclinical model of large artery stroke (middle cerebral artery occlusion; MCAO) causes hippocampal dysfunction, despite direct ischemic insult to brain regions distant from the hippocampus, suggesting the injury causes perturbations in neural circuits. Thus, we utilize electrophysiological recordings of hippocampal LTP as an indicator of network health following ischemia. We hypothesize activated astrocytes in the hippocampus following MCAO increase expression of the ectoenzyme, CD38, which signals to neurons to impair plasticity.
Methods:
Extracellular field recordings of CA1 neurons were performed in acute hippocampal slices prepared 30 days after recovery from MCAO in adult (8-12 week) mice. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess hippocampal CD38 expression and astrogliosis. Acute slices were treated with CD38 inhibitors (78c & apigenin) to assess plasticity.
Results:
Recordings obtained in brain slices 30 days after MCAO exhibited a significant reduction in LTP; 161±9%, n=6 in sham compared to 115±4%, n=7 30 days after MCAO, in both ipsilateral and contralateral hippocampi. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining indicates CD38 levels are increased and colocalize with activated astrocyte marker, GFAP, 30 days following MCAO. Bath application of CD38 inhibitors, 78c (vehicle n=6, 4.0±8.5% vs. 100nM 78c n=6, 78.3±15.8%; p<0.05) and apigenin (vehicle n=7, 23.9±7% vs. 10μM apigenin n=7, 65.5±2.5%; p<0.05), restored LTP in MCAO brain slices 30 days following injury.
Conclusion:
These data indicate that MCAO provides a reproducible model of post-stroke memory dysfunction (PSCI) and that remote astrogliosis in the uninjured hippocampus may contribute to altered neuronal function (plasticity). Our data implicates increased levels of CD38 impair plasticity following stroke. Therefore, reducing CD38 activity at chronic timepoints following ischemia may represent a novel strategy to treat the symptoms of PSCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Burch
- Anesthesiology, Univ of Colorado, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO
| | | | - James E Orfila
- Neurosurgery, Ohio State Univ, Sch of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Anesthesiology, Univ of Colorado, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Paco S Herson
- Neurosurgery, Ohio State Univ, Sch of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vigil J, Tiemeier E, Chalmers N, Herson PS, Quillinan N. Abstract WP239: Sexually Dimorphic Amygdala Dysfunction In A Mouse Model Of Global Ischemia. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/str.53.suppl_1.wp239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Advances in modern medicine have greatly increased chances of survival following traumatic events such as cardiac arrest, stroke, or heart attack. With more people able to recover from these ischemic insults, it is becoming apparent that survivors experience long-term effects as it relates to brain function. Despite clinical and animal model evidence of emotional dysfunctions following global ischemia, no study has attempted to identify amygdala dysfunction after Cardiac Arrest and subsequent Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CA/CPR). Utilizing a mouse model of CA/CPR-induced global ischemia, we have identified amygdala dysfunctions that are dependent on biological sex. We hypothesize that global ischemia results in deficits in amygdala-dependent learning tasks and circuit specific deficits of LTP in the basolateral amygdala (BLA).
Methods:
Seven days post CA-induced global ischemia, male and female adult C57BL/6 mice underwent amygdala dependent delay fear conditioning. In a separate cohort of animals acute-transverse slices were prepared seven days post global ischemia and extracellular field potential recordings were collected from the BLA.
Results:
We have revealed a sexually dimorphic deficit in amygdala dependent fear learning and memory. Both male and female mice display a previously reported contextual fear deficit (Male: 78.6 ± 2.6% sham freezing vs. 51.2±8.7% CA/CPR freezing, n=7; Female 70±5.1% sham freezing vs. 50.2±8.5% CA/CPR freezing, n=9), however, only male mice display a diminished freezing response to cued fear (56.4 ± 7.2% sham freezing vs. 31 ± 6.7% in CA/CPR, n=7). Similarly, plasticity involving cortical inputs to the basolateral amygdala is also disrupted in a sexually dimorphic manner, with only males displaying diminished LTP relative to sham controls (153.4 ± 8.1% of BL in controls, n=4 vs. 102.4 ± 3% of BL in CA/CPR, n=7).
Conclusion:
These results support the role of the amygdala in cognitive-affective impairments after CA-induced global ischemia and provide new insights into the role that biological sex plays in mediating brain dysfunction following CA. In the future, we will continue to unravel the mechanisms by which this sexually dimorphic impairment occurs and identify therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose Vigil
- Anesthesiology, Univ of Colorado, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Erika Tiemeier
- Anesthesiology, Univ of Colorado, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO
| | | | - Paco S Herson
- Neurosurgery, Ohio State Univ, Sch of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mitchell D, Frazier AP, Orfilla JE, Quillinan N, Herson PS, Dingman AL. Abstract TMP86: Hippocampal Neuron Loss, Synaptic Plasticity Deficits, And Impaired Learning And Memory In A Mouse Model Of Neonatal Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/str.53.suppl_1.tmp86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Cognitive deficits are common long-term sequelae after neonatal stroke, occurring in to 70% of school aged children. Despite this, chronic cognitive deficits have not been evaluated in animal models of neonatal stroke.
Objective:
To determine whether neonatal mice have behavioral memory and hippocampal cellular and plasticity changes after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO).
Methods:
C57/BL6 mice underwent 60 minutes of right tMCAO using the intraluminal filament model, or sham surgery, followed by reperfusion on postnatal day 10 (p10). Mice underwent contextual fear conditioning (CFC) testing to evaluate spatial memory 14 days after tMCAO (p24, juvenile equivalent). A separate set of animals were sacrificed at the same timepoint for Crestly Violet staining and stereology of CA1 neurons, or for LTP recordings. Increase in field excitatory post-synaptic potential (fEPSP) slope 60 min after theta-burst stimulation (TBS) was analyzed as a measurement of synaptic plasticity (LTP).
Results:
Animals had a significant decrease in % time freezing in the CFC paradigm 14 days after p10 tMCAO compared to sham surgery animals, indicating behavioral spatial memory impairment (Figure 1A). Animals who underwent p10 tMCAO also had a deficit in LTP after TBS in ipsilateral compared to contralateral CA1 (figure 1B). Animals had a decrease density of CA1 hippocampal neurons in the ipsilateral hippocampus compared to contralateral hippocampus 14 days after p10 tMCAO (Figure 1C).
Conclusion:
Our results show that neonatal stroke causes CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cell death and synaptic plasticity deficits which contribute to chronic memory impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danae Mitchell
- Pediatrics, Univ of Colorado Anschutz Med Campus, Denver, CO
| | | | - James E Orfilla
- Anesthesiology, Univ of Colorado Anschutz Med Campus, Denver, CO
| | | | | | - Andra L Dingman
- Child Neurology, Univ of Colorado Anschutz Med Campus, Denver, CO
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nimjee SM, Akhter AS, Zakeri A, Herson PS. Sex differences in thrombosis as it affects acute ischemic stroke. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 165:105647. [PMID: 35114362 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a devastating health problem, affecting approximately 800,000 patients in the US every year, making it the leading cause of combined death and disability in the country. Stroke has historically been thought of as predominantly impacting men, however it is becoming increasingly clear that stroke affects women to a greater degree than men. Indeed, women have worse outcomes compared to men following ischemic stroke. Recent clinical advances have shown great promise in acute stroke therapy, with the use of mechanical endovascular thrombectomy (with and without recombinant tissue plasminogen activator; rtPA) greatly improving outcomes. This observation makes it clear that removal of clots and reperfusion, either mechanically or pharmacologically, is critical for improving outcomes of patients following acute ischemic stroke. Despite these promising advances, long-term neurological sequelae persist in the post-stroke population. This review focuses on mechanisms of thrombosis (clot formation) as it pertains to stroke and important sex differences in thrombosis and responses to treatment. Finally, we describe recent data related to new therapeutic approaches to thrombolysis, with a particular focus on von Willebrand Factor (vWF).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahid M Nimjee
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Asad S Akhter
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Amanda Zakeri
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Garcia JD, Gookin SE, Crosby KC, Schwartz SL, Tiemeier E, Kennedy MJ, Dell'Acqua ML, Herson PS, Quillinan N, Smith KR. Stepwise disassembly of GABAergic synapses during pathogenic excitotoxicity. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110142. [PMID: 34936876 PMCID: PMC8824488 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
GABAergic synaptic inhibition controls neuronal firing, excitability, and synaptic plasticity to regulate neuronal circuits. Following an acute excitotoxic insult, inhibitory synapses are eliminated, reducing synaptic inhibition, elevating circuit excitability, and contributing to the pathophysiology of brain injuries. However, mechanisms that drive inhibitory synapse disassembly and elimination are undefined. We find that inhibitory synapses are disassembled in a sequential manner following excitotoxicity: GABAARs undergo rapid nanoscale rearrangement and are dispersed from the synapse along with presynaptic active zone components, followed by the gradual removal of the gephyrin scaffold, prior to complete elimination of the presynaptic terminal. GABAAR nanoscale reorganization and synaptic declustering depends on calcineurin signaling, whereas disassembly of gephyrin relies on calpain activation, and blockade of both enzymes preserves inhibitory synapses after excitotoxic insult. Thus, inhibitory synapse disassembly occurs rapidly, with nanoscale precision, in a stepwise manner and most likely represents a critical step in the progression of hyperexcitability following excitotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sara E Gookin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kevin C Crosby
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Samantha L Schwartz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Erika Tiemeier
- Department of Anesthesiology, Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Matthew J Kennedy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Mark L Dell'Acqua
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Katharine R Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rumian NL, Chalmers NE, Tullis JE, Herson PS, Bayer KU. CaMKIIα knockout protects from ischemic neuronal cell death after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Brain Res 2021; 1773:147699. [PMID: 34687697 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CaMKIIα plays a dual role in synaptic plasticity, as it can mediate synaptic changes in opposing directions. We hypothesized that CaMKIIα plays a similar dual role also in neuronal cell death and survival. Indeed, the CaMKII inhibitor tatCN21 is neuroprotective when added during or after excitotoxic/ischemic insults, but was described to cause sensitization when applied long-term prior to such insult. However, when comparing long-term CaMKII inhibition by several different inhibitors in neuronal cultures, we did not detect any sensitization. Likewise, in a mouse in vivo model of global cerebral ischemia (cardiac arrest followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation), complete knockout of the neuronal CaMKIIα isoform did not cause sensitization but instead significant neuroprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Rumian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Nicholas E Chalmers
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Jonathan E Tullis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tullis JE, Buonarati OR, Coultrap SJ, Bourke AM, Tiemeier EL, Kennedy MJ, Herson PS, Bayer KU. GluN2B S1303 phosphorylation by CaMKII or DAPK1: no indication for involvement in ischemia or LTP. iScience 2021; 24:103214. [PMID: 34704002 PMCID: PMC8524186 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding of two different CaM kinases, CaMKII and DAPK1, to the NMDA-type glutamate receptor (NMDAR) subunit GluN2B near S1303 has been implicated in excitotoxic/ischemic neuronal cell death. The GluN2BΔCaMKII mutation (L1298A, R1300Q) is neuroprotective but abolishes only CaMKII but not DAPK1 binding. However, both kinases can additionally phosphorylate GluN2B S1303. Thus, we here tested S1303 phosphorylation for possible contribution to neuronal cell death. The GluN2BΔCaMKII mutation completely abolished phosphorylation by CaMKII and DAPK1, suggesting that the mutation could mediate neuroprotection by disrupting phosphorylation. However, S1303 phosphorylation was not increased by excitotoxic insults in hippocampal slices or by global cerebral ischemia induced by cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in vivo. In hippocampal cultures, S1303 phosphorylation was induced by chemical LTD but not LTP stimuli. These results indicate that the additional effect of the GluN2BΔCaMKII mutation on phosphorylation needs to be considered only in LTD but not in LTP or ischemia/excitotoxicity. A neuroprotective GluN2B mutation blocked S1303 phosphorylation by CaMKII and DAPK1 GluN2B S1303 is a better substrate for phosphorylation by CaMKII than by DAPK1 Increased phospho-S1303 was detected after cLTD but not cLTP or excitotoxic stimuli Increased phospho-S1303 was not detected after global cerebral ischemia in vivo
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan E Tullis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Olivia R Buonarati
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Steven J Coultrap
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ashley M Bourke
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Erika L Tiemeier
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Matthew J Kennedy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
D'Souza A, Burch A, Dave KM, Sreeram A, Reynolds MJ, Dobbins DX, Kamte YS, Zhao W, Sabatelle C, Joy GM, Soman V, Chandran UR, Shiva SS, Quillinan N, Herson PS, Manickam DS. Microvesicles transfer mitochondria and increase mitochondrial function in brain endothelial cells. J Control Release 2021; 338:505-526. [PMID: 34450196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We have demonstrated, for the first time that microvesicles, a sub-type of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from hCMEC/D3: a human brain endothelial cell (BEC) line transfer polarized mitochondria to recipient BECs in culture and to neurons in mice acute brain cortical and hippocampal slices. This mitochondrial transfer increased ATP levels by 100 to 200-fold (relative to untreated cells) in the recipient BECs exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation, an in vitro model of cerebral ischemia. We have also demonstrated that transfer of microvesicles, the larger EV fraction, but not exosomes resulted in increased mitochondrial function in hypoxic endothelial cultures. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis of EVs revealed a very high association to glycolysis-related processes. In comparison to heterotypic macrophage-derived EVs, BEC-derived EVs demonstrated a greater selectivity to transfer mitochondria and increase endothelial cell survival under ischemic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anisha D'Souza
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amelia Burch
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kandarp M Dave
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Michael J Reynolds
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, PA, USA
| | - Duncan X Dobbins
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yashika S Kamte
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wanzhu Zhao
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Courtney Sabatelle
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gina M Joy
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Vishal Soman
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, PA, USA
| | - Uma R Chandran
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, PA, USA
| | - Sruti S Shiva
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, Pittsburgh Heart Lung Blood Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical School, PA, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Devika S Manickam
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cruz Del Angel Y, Orfila JE, Herson PS, Brooks-Kayal A, González MI. Down-regulation of AMPA receptors and long-term potentiation during early epileptogenesis. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 124:108320. [PMID: 34592633 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a brain disorder characterized by the occurrence of recurrent spontaneous seizures. Behavioral disorders and altered cognition are frequent comorbidities affecting the quality of life of people with epilepsy. These impairments are undoubtedly multifactorial and the specific mechanisms underlying these comorbidities are largely unknown. Long-lasting alterations in synaptic strength due to changes in expression, phosphorylation, or function of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptors (AMPARs) have been associated with alterations in neuronal synaptic plasticity. In particular, alterations in hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), a well-accepted model of learning and memory, have been associated with altered cognition in epilepsy. Here, we analyzed the effects of pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) on AMPARs to determine if alterations in AMPAR signaling might be one of the mechanisms contributing to altered cognition during epilepsy. We found alterations in the phosphorylation and plasma membrane expression of AMPARs. In addition, we detected altered expression of GRIP, a key scaffolding protein involved in the proper distribution of AMPARs at the neuronal cell surface. Interestingly, a functional analysis revealed that these molecular changes are linked to impaired LTP. Together, these observations suggest that seizure-induced alterations in the molecular machinery regulating AMPARs likely impact the neuron's ability to support synaptic plasticity that is required for learning and memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Cruz Del Angel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology and Translational Epilepsy Research Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - James E Orfila
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Amy Brooks-Kayal
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology and Translational Epilepsy Research Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Marco I González
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology and Translational Epilepsy Research Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Giannotti G, Gong S, Fayette N, Heinsbroek JA, Orfila JE, Herson PS, Ford CP, Peters J. Extinction blunts paraventricular thalamic contributions to heroin relapse. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109605. [PMID: 34433067 PMCID: PMC8418780 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we use optogenetics and chemogenetics to investigate the contribution of the paraventricular thalamus (PVT) to nucleus accumbens (NAc) pathway in aversion and heroin relapse in two different heroin self-administration models in rats. In one model, rats undergo forced abstinence in the home cage prior to relapse testing, and in the other, they undergo extinction training, a procedure that is likened to cognitive behavioral therapy. We find that the PVT→NAc pathway is both sufficient and necessary to drive aversion and heroin seeking after abstinence, but not extinction. The ability of extinction to reduce this pathway's contribution to heroin relapse is accompanied by a loss of synaptic plasticity in PVT inputs onto a specific subset of NAc neurons. Thus, extinction may exert therapeutic reductions in opioid seeking by altering synaptic plasticity within the PVT→NAc pathway, resulting in reduced aversion during opioid withdrawal as well as reduced relapse propensity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Giannotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nicholas Fayette
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jasper A Heinsbroek
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - James E Orfila
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Christopher P Ford
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jamie Peters
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Maddry JK, Arana AA, Perez CA, Medellin KL, Paciocco JA, Mora AG, Holder WG, Davis WT, Herson PS, Bebarta VS. Influence of Time to Transport to a Higher Level Facility on the Clinical Outcomes of US Combat Casualties with TBI: A Multicenter 7-Year Study. Mil Med 2021; 185:e138-e145. [PMID: 31334769 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usz178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and is associated with mortality rates as high as 30%. Patients with TBI are at high risk for secondary injury and need to be transported to definitive care expeditiously. However, the physiologic effects of aeromedical evacuation are not well understood and may compound these risks. Combat TBI patients may benefit from delayed aeromedical evacuation. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of transport timing out of theater via Critical Care Air Transport Teams (CCATT) to a higher level facility on the clinical outcomes of combat casualties with TBI. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective review of patients with TBI who were evacuated out of theater by CCATT from January 2007 to May 2014. Data abstractors collected flight information, vital signs, procedures, in-flight assessments, and outcomes. Time to transport was defined as the time from injury to CCATT evacuation out of combat theater. We calculated descriptive statistics and constructed regression models to determine the association between time to transport and clinical outcomes. This study was approved by the U.S. Air Force 59th Medical Wing Institutional Review Board. RESULTS We analyzed the records of 438 patients evacuated out of theater via CCATT and categorized them into three groups: patients who were transported in one day or less (n = 165), two days (n = 163), and three or more days (n = 110). We used logistic regression models to compare outcomes among patients who were evacuated in two days or three or more days to those who were transported within one day while adjusting for demographics, injury severity, and injury type. Patients who were evacuated in two days or three or more days had 50% lower odds of being discharged on a ventilator and were twice as likely to return to duty or be discharged home than those who were evacuated within one day. Additionally, patients transported in three or more days were 70% less likely to be ventilated at discharge with a GCS of 8 or lower and had 30% lower odds of mortality than those transported within one day. CONCLUSIONS In patients with moderate to severe TBI, a delay in aeromedical evacuation out of the combat theater was associated with improved mortality rates and a higher likelihood of discharge to home and return to duty dispositions. This study is correlational in nature and focused on CCATT transports from Role III to Role IV facilities; as such, care must be taken in interpreting our findings and future studies are needed to establish a causal link between delayed evacuation and improved discharge disposition. Our study suggests that delaying aeromedical evacuation of TBI patients when feasible may confer benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph K Maddry
- 59th MDW, U.S. Air Force En route Care Research Center, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Bldg. 3610, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234
| | - Allyson A Arana
- 59th MDW, U.S. Air Force En route Care Research Center, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Bldg. 3610, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234
| | - Crystal A Perez
- 59th MDW, U.S. Air Force En route Care Research Center, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Bldg. 3610, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234
| | - Kimberly L Medellin
- 59th MDW, U.S. Air Force En route Care Research Center, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Bldg. 3610, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234
| | - Joni A Paciocco
- 59th MDW, U.S. Air Force En route Care Research Center, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Bldg. 3610, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234
| | - Alejandra G Mora
- 59th MDW, U.S. Air Force En route Care Research Center, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Bldg. 3610, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234
| | - William G Holder
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234
| | - William T Davis
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12401 E. 17th Ave 7th Floor, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Vikhyat S Bebarta
- 59th MDW, U.S. Air Force En route Care Research Center, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, 3698 Chambers Pass, Bldg. 3610, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234.,Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12401 E. 17th Ave 7th Floor, Aurora, CO 80045
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tseng N, Lambie SC, Huynh CQ, Sanford B, Patel M, Herson PS, Ormond DR. Mitochondrial transfer from mesenchymal stem cells improves neuronal metabolism after oxidant injury in vitro: The role of Miro1. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:761-770. [PMID: 32501156 PMCID: PMC7983509 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x20928147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Stroke-induced cerebral ischemia is a major cause of death and disability. The disruption of blood flow results in neuronal and glial cell death leading to brain injury. Reperfusion restores oxygen to the affected tissue, but can also cause damage through an enhanced oxidative stress and inflammatory response. This study examines mitochondrial transfer from MSC to neurons and the role it plays in neuronal preservation after oxidant injury. We observed the transfer of mitochondria from MSC to mouse neurons in vitro following hydrogen peroxide exposure. The observed transfer was dependent on cell-to-cell contact and led to increased neuronal survival and improved metabolism. A number of pro-inflammatory and mitochondrial motility genes were upregulated in neurons after hydrogen peroxide exposure. This included Miro1 and TNFAIP2, linking inflammation and mitochondrial transfer to oxidant injury. Increasing Miro1 expression in MSC improved the metabolic benefit of mitochondrial transfer after neuronal oxidant injury. Decreasing Miro1 expression had the opposite effect, decreasing the metabolic benefit of MSC co-culture. MSC transfer of mitochondria to oxidant-damaged neurons may help improve neuronal preservation and functional recovery after stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Tseng
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Scott C Lambie
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christopher Q Huynh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Bridget Sanford
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Manisha Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - D Ryan Ormond
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Dylla L, Herson PS, Poisson SN, Rice JD, Ginde AA. Association Between Chronic Inflammatory Diseases and Stroke-Associated Pneumonia - An Epidemiological Study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30:105605. [PMID: 33482567 PMCID: PMC7946738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pneumonia, the most common post-acute ischemic stroke (AIS) infection, accounts for up to 30% of deaths after a stroke. Multiple chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease, are associated with increased risk of stroke and stroke morbidity. This study assessed the relationship between chronic inflammatory diseases and stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP). METHODS Using data from the 2015-2017 National Inpatient Sample, we classified hospital discharges with a diagnosis of AIS as having ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus, other chronic inflammatory diseases, multiple chronic inflammatory diseases, or none. With multivariable logistic regression, we assessed for associations between chronic inflammatory disease and in-hospital SAP or death. RESULTS Among AIS discharges, there was a decreased risk of SAP among those with psoriasis or other chronic inflammatory diseases (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.70, 95%CI 0.63-0.99; aOR 0.64, 95%CI, 0.46-0.89, respectively), compared to those without psoriasis and without other chronic inflammatory disease, respectively. Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and other chronic inflammatory diseases were associated with reduced in-hospital mortality (aOR 0.89, 95%CI 0.78-1.00; aOR 0.77, 95%CI 0.59-1.00; aOR 0.69, 95%CI 0.50-0.94, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The risk of SAP and in-hospital mortality varies by chronic inflammatory disease - psoriasis and other chronic inflammatory diseases are associate with reduced rates of SAP, whereas rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and other chronic inflammatory disease were associated with reduced in-hospital mortality. Further investigations are needed to determine a relationship between the potential role of immunomodulation and the reduction in SAP and mortality in chronic inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Layne Dylla
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12401 E. 17th Ave., B215, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, United States
| | - Sharon N Poisson
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, United States
| | - John D Rice
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, United States
| | - Adit A Ginde
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12401 E. 17th Ave., B215, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Basak JM, Orfila JE, Dietz R, Burch A, Dingman A, Mitchell D, Wassermann B, Quillinan N, Herson PS. Abstract P765: Therapeutic Approaches to Reduce Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment. Stroke 2021. [DOI: 10.1161/str.52.suppl_1.p765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Cognitive impairments and memory loss are common after stroke, with an emerging awareness of a high risk of conversion to post-stroke dementia. It is increasingly clear that in addition to neuronal injury following cerebral ischemia, impaired functional networks contribute to long-term functional deficits. Synaptic plasticity (LTP) is the leading cellular model of learning and memory. Thus, we utilize electrophysiological recordings of hippocampal LTP as an indicator of network health following ischemia in combination with neurobehavioral assessments of memory function.
Hypothesis:
Focal ischemic stroke increases soluble amyloid beta (Aβ) in the hippocampus, causing impaired plasticity and memory function.
Methods:
Extracellular field recordings of CA1 neurons were performed in acute hippocampal slices prepared 30 days after recovery from transient MCAO (45 min) in adult (6-8 week) mice. A behavioral fear conditioning paradigm (CFC) was used to evaluate memory. ELISA assay was used to quantify soluble Aβ42 from the hippocampus. Slices were treated with Aβ42 oligomers with and without our newly developed peptide inhibitor of TRPM2, termed tatM2NX.
Results:
Recordings from brain slices 30 days after MCAO showed near complete loss of LTP; 161±9%, n=6 in sham compared to 115±4%, n=7 30 days after MCAO in the hippocampus. MCAO decreased freezing behavior, indicating lack of memory (65±7% in sham mice (n=6) and 37±7% in MCAO mice, n=7). We observed a 48% increase in Aβ42 in the hippocampus 30 days after MCAo. We observed that addition of Aβ42 oligomers (500 nM) impaired LTP. This impaired LTP was prevented with co-application of the TRPM2 channel inhibitor tatM2NX. Consistent with a role of TRPM2 channels in post-stroke cognitive impairment, MCAO mice treated with tatM2NX (20 mg/kg iv injection 24 hr before testing) on day 29 post MCA demonstrated increasing freezing to 72±5% (n=9).
Conclusion:
Our data implicates increased levels of soluble Aβ42 in the hippocampus following stroke, resulting in activation of TRPM2 channels and impaired synaptic plasticity. Therefore, reducing soluble Aβ42 and/or inhibition of TRPM2 channels at chronic time points following ischemia may represent a novel strategy to improve functional recovery following stroke.
Collapse
|
33
|
Dingman A, Frazier A, Given K, Wassermann B, Macklin WB, Herson PS. Abstract 52: Changes in Oligodendrocyte Sub-Populations After Neonatal Stroke. Stroke 2021. [DOI: 10.1161/str.52.suppl_1.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Chronic white matter changes after neonatal stroke have not been well studied. Histologically, we see a robust increase in oligodendrocytes (OLs) in injured striatum 14 days post-middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in neonatal mice. The contribution of these cells to chronic white matter injury and repair has not been evaluated.
Objective:
Evaluate changes in striatal OL cell gene expression after neonatal MCAO.
Methods:
Mice underwent 60 minutes of MCAO at postnatal day 10 using the filament model and sacrificed 14 days later for fluorescent antibody cell sorting and single cell RNA sequencing. Single cell suspensions from Injured (ipsilateral) and uninjured (contralateral) striata were incubated with antibodies to immature and mature OLs. Cells expressing OL markers were collected and captured using 10x Genomics Chromium with V3.1 chemistry and analyzed in Seurat V3.1.
Results:
We captured a total of 4598 cells, with ~250,000 reads per cell. Our data set was comprised of 2399 oligodendrocytes (915 Contralateral, 1484 Ipsilateral). Feature plots of OL markers demonstrate that the entire lineage is present in our cell population (Fig 1A). Unbiased clustering identified 10 sub-populations of oligodendrocytes (Fig 1B). In ipsilateral striatum there was a significant decrease in the proportion of cells in cluster 8 (p <0.0001, proportions test, Fig 1C), which also express OL progenitor cell (OPC) markers. There was a significant increase in the proportion of cells in clusters 1 and 5. Pathway analysis suggest that both these clusters are comprised of pre-myelinating oligodendrocytes.
Conclusions:
At 14 days after neonatal stroke in mice scSEQ reveals a depletion of an OPC sub-population and an increase in sub-mature clusters of oligodendrocytes in ipsilateral striatum. Ongoing analysis of differential gene expression will reveal new insights into these cells and potential targets to promote white matter repair after neonatal stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andra Dingman
- Child Neurology, Univ of Colorado Anschutz Med Campus, Denver, CO
| | | | - Katherine Given
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Univ of Colorado Anschutz Med Campus, Denver, CO
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Burch AM, Orfila JE, Dietz R, Dingman A, Mitchell D, Wassermann B, Quillinan N, Herson PS. Abstract P733: Astroglial Activation Following Stroke Contributes to Impaired Synaptic Plasticity Through Increased Cd38-trpm2 Channel Signaling. Stroke 2021. [DOI: 10.1161/str.52.suppl_1.p733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a major contributor to long-term disability following acute ischemic stroke. Learning and memory deficits are a common feature of PSCI and alterations in hippocampal function are a likely contributor. Interestingly, common experimental stroke models (middle cerebral artery occlusion; MCAO) cause hippocampal dysfunction, despite no direct ischemic insult to the hippocampus, suggesting perturbations in neural circuits. Thus, we utilize electrophysiological recordings of hippocampal plasticity in combination with neurobehavioral assessments of memory function.
Hypothesis:
Activated astrocytes in the hippocampus following MCAO increase expression of the surface enzyme CD38, which signals to neurons to impair plasticity.
Methods:
Extracellular field recordings of CA1 neurons were performed in acute hippocampal slices prepared 30 days after recovery from transient MCAO (60 min) in adult (6-8 week) mice. A behavioral fear conditioning paradigm (CFC) was used to evaluate contextual memory. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess CD38 expression and slices were treated with CD38 inhibitors (78c) to assess plasticity.
Results:
Recordings obtained in brain slices 30 days after MCAO exhibited loss of hippocampal LTP; 134±6%, n=4 in sham and 107±12%, n=4 30 days after MCAO. Memory function, measured using CFC, was consistent with our LTP findings. MCAO decreased freezing behavior, indicating lack of memory (65±7% in sham mice (n=6) and 37±7% in MCAO mice, n=7). Immunohistochemical data indicates increased CD38 expression in activated astrocytes following MCAO in the hippocampus. Treatment of hippocampal slices with 78c, a potent CD38 inhibitor, after MCAO rescues LTP impairment. Finally, no additive increase in LTP when 78c is co-administered with a TRPM2 channel inhibitor was observed.
Conclusion:
These data indicate that MCAO is a reproducible model of post-stroke memory dysfunction (PSCI) and remote astrogliosis in the uninjured hippocampus may contribute to altered neuronal function (plasticity). Our data implicates increased levels of CD38 as an upstream activator of neuronal TRPM2 channel in the hippocampus following stroke, resulting in impaired synaptic plasticity.
Collapse
|
35
|
Buonarati OR, Cook SG, Goodell DJ, Chalmers NE, Rumian NL, Tullis JE, Restrepo S, Coultrap SJ, Quillinan N, Herson PS, Bayer KU. CaMKII versus DAPK1 Binding to GluN2B in Ischemic Neuronal Cell Death after Resuscitation from Cardiac Arrest. Cell Rep 2021; 30:1-8.e4. [PMID: 31914378 PMCID: PMC6959131 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DAPK1 binding to GluN2B was prominently reported to mediate ischemic cell death in vivo. DAPK1 and CaMKII bind to the same GluN2B region, and their binding is mutually exclusive. Here, we show that mutating the binding region on GluN2B (L1298A/ R1300Q) protected against neuronal cell death induced by cardiac arrest followed by resuscitation. Importantly, the GluN2B mutation selectively abolished only CaMKII, but not DAPK1, binding. During ischemic or excitotoxic insults, CaMKII further accumulated at excitatory synapses, and this accumulation was mediated by GluN2B binding. Interestingly, extra-synaptic GluN2B decreased after ischemia, but its relative association with DAPK1 increased. Thus, ischemic neuronal death requires CaMKII binding to synaptic GluN2B, whereas any potential role for DAPK1 binding is restricted to a different, likely extra-synaptic population of GluN2B. Ischemic insults cause excitotoxic neuronal cell death via NMDA receptor overstimulation. Buonarati et al. find that excitotoxic insults cause DAPK1 movement to extra-synaptic NMDA receptors and CaMKII movement to synaptic NMDA receptors; importantly, preventing this CaMKII movement protects neurons from ischemic death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia R Buonarati
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Sarah G Cook
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Dayton J Goodell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nicholas E Chalmers
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nicole L Rumian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jonathan E Tullis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Susana Restrepo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Steven J Coultrap
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Johnson AC, Li Z, Orfila JE, Herson PS, Cipolla MJ. Hippocampal network dysfunction as a mechanism of early-onset dementia after preeclampsia and eclampsia. Prog Neurobiol 2020; 199:101938. [PMID: 33130230 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that can involve dangerous neurological symptoms such as spontaneous seizures (eclampsia). Despite being diseases specific to the pregnant state, preeclampsia and eclampsia have long-lasting neurological consequences later in life, including changes in brain structure and cognitive decline at relatively young ages. However, the effects of preeclampsia on brain regions central to memory and cognition, such as the hippocampus, are unclear. Here, we present a case reporting the progressive and permanent cognitive decline in a woman that had eclamptic seizures in the absence of evidence of brain injury on MRI. We then use rat models of normal pregnancy and preeclampsia to investigate mechanisms by which eclampsia-like seizures may disrupt hippocampal function. We show that experimental preeclampsia causes delayed memory decline in rats and disruption of hippocampal neuroplasticity. Further, seizures in pregnancy and preeclampsia caused acute memory dysfunction and impaired neuroplasticity but did not cause acute neuronal cell death. Importantly, hippocampal dysfunction persisted 5 weeks postpartum, suggesting seizure-induced injury is long lasting and may be permanent. Our data provide the first evidence of a model of preeclampsia that may mimic the cognitive decline of formerly preeclamptic women, and that preeclampsia and eclampsia affect hippocampal network plasticity and impair memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abbie C Johnson
- Dept. of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
| | - Zhaojin Li
- Dept. of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
| | - James E Orfila
- Dept. of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Paco S Herson
- Dept. of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA; Dept. of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Marilyn J Cipolla
- Dept. of Neurological Sciences, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA; Dept. of Pharmacology, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA; Dept. of Ob/Gyn & Repro Sciences, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Torres AC, Bebarta VS, April MD, Maddry JK, Herson PS, Bebarta EK, Schauer S. Ketamine Administration in Prehospital Combat Injured Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury: A 10-Year Report of Survival. Cureus 2020; 12:e9248. [PMID: 32821594 PMCID: PMC7430700 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.9248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC) guidelines recommend ketamine as the primary battlefield analgesic in the setting of moderate-to-severe pain and hemodynamic compromise. However, despite recent studies failing to support the association between ketamine and worse outcomes in head trauma, TCCC guidelines state that ketamine may worsen severe traumatic brain injury. We compared mortality outcomes following head trauma sustained in a combat setting between ketamine recipients and non-recipients. Methods This is a secondary analysis of previously published data in the Department of Defense Trauma Registry from January 2007 to August 2016. We isolated patients with an abbreviated injury scale of 3 or greater for the head body region. We compared mortality between prehospital ketamine recipients and non-recipients. Results Our initial search yielded 28,222 patients, of which 4,183 met the inclusion criteria: 209 were ketamine-recipients and 3,974 were non-recipients. The ketamine group had a higher percentage injured by explosives (59.81% vs. 53.57%, p<0.001) and gunshot wounds (28.71% vs. 22.07%, p<0.001) and were more frequently located in Afghanistan (100% vs. 68.0%, p<0.001). The ketamine group had higher rates of tourniquet application (24.4% vs. 8.5%, p<0.001) and had lower survival proportion (75.1% alive vs. 83.0%, p=0.003). All differences were significant. On univariable analysis, the ketamine group had worse odds of survival with (OR: 0.62; 95%CI: 0.45-0.86). When controlling for the presence of an airway intervention and mechanism of injury, the finding was non-significant (OR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.76-1.55). Conclusions In our prehospital combat study, after controlling for confounders, we found no association between administration of prehospital ketamine and worse survival outcomes for casualties with head injuries. However, despite the lack of difference in overall survival noted, those who received ketamine and died had a higher risk ratio for time to death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allee C Torres
- Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA
| | - Vikhyat S Bebarta
- Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
| | - Michael D April
- Emergency Medicine, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium (SAUSHEC), Fort Sam Houston, USA
| | - Joseph K Maddry
- Emergency Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, USA.,Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, USA
| | - Emma K Bebarta
- Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA.,Other, Cherry Creek High School, Greenwood Village, USA
| | - Steven Schauer
- Office of the Senior Scientist, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, San Antonio, USA.,US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Joint Base Sam Houston, San Antonio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Manzella FM, Joksimovic SM, Orfila JE, Fine BR, Dietz RM, Sampath D, Fiedler HK, Tesic V, Atluri N, Raol YH, Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Herson PS, Todorovic SM. Neonatal Ketamine Alters High-Frequency Oscillations and Synaptic Plasticity in the Subiculum But Does not Affect Sleep Macrostructure in Adolescent Rats. Front Syst Neurosci 2020; 14:26. [PMID: 32528257 PMCID: PMC7264261 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2020.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to sedative/hypnotic and anesthetic drugs, such as ketamine, during the critical period of synaptogenesis, causes profound neurotoxicity in the developing rodent and primate brains and is associated with poor cognitive outcomes later in life. The subiculum is especially vulnerable to acute neurotoxicity after neonatal exposure to sedative/hypnotic and anesthetic drugs. The subiculum acts as a relay center between the hippocampal complex and various cortical and subcortical brain regions and is also an independent generator of gamma oscillations. Gamma oscillations are vital in neuronal synchronization and play a role in learning and memory during wake and sleep. However, there has been little research examining long-term changes in subicular neurophysiology after neonatal exposure to ketamine. Here we explore the lasting effects of neonatal ketamine exposure on sleep macrostructure as well as subicular neuronal oscillations and synaptic plasticity in rats. During the peak of rodent synaptogenesis at postnatal day 7, rat pups were exposed to either 40 mg/kg of ketamine over 12 h or to volume matched saline vehicle. At weaning age, a subset of rats were implanted with a cortical and subicular electroencephalogram electrode, and at postnatal day 31, we performed in vivo experiments that included sleep macrostructure (divided into the wake, non-rapid eye movement, and rapid eye movement sleep) and electroencephalogram power spectra in cortex and subiculum. In a second subset of ketamine exposed animals, we conducted ex vivo studies of long-term potentiation (LTP) experiments in adolescent rats. Overall, we found that neonatal exposure to ketamine increased subicular gamma oscillations during non-rapid eye movement sleep but it did not alter sleep macrostructure. Also, we observed a significant decrease in subicular LTP. Gamma oscillations during non-rapid eye movement sleep are implicated in memory formation and consolidation, while LTP serves as a surrogate for learning and memory. Together these results suggest that lasting functional changes in subiculum circuitry may underlie neurocognitive impairments associated with neonatal exposure to anesthetic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca M Manzella
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Srdjan M Joksimovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - James E Orfila
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Brier R Fine
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Robert M Dietz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Dayalan Sampath
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas A&M, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Hanna K Fiedler
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Vesna Tesic
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Navya Atluri
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Yogendra H Raol
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Vesna Jevtovic-Todorovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Slobodan M Todorovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Rodgers KM, Wassermann B, Yonchek JC, Moreno-Garcia M, Quillinan N, Herson PS. Acute Inflammatory Responses are Critical for Neuronal Replacement and Improved Functional Recovery Following Cerebral Ischemia. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.04183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
40
|
Johnson AC, Li Z, Orfila JE, Herson PS, Cipolla MJ. Experimental Preeclampsia Causes Persistent Impairment of Hippocampal‐Dependent Memory and Network Function that is Exacerbated by Status Convulsions. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.02034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
41
|
Orfila JE, Dietz RM, Rodgers KM, Dingman A, Patsos OP, Cruz-Torres I, Grewal H, Strnad F, Schroeder C, Herson PS. Experimental pediatric stroke shows age-specific recovery of cognition and role of hippocampal Nogo-A receptor signaling. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:588-599. [PMID: 30762478 PMCID: PMC7026845 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x19828581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide and clinical data suggest that children may recover from stroke better than adults; however, supporting experimental data are lacking. We used our novel mouse model of experimental juvenile ischemic stroke (MCAO) to characterize age-specific cognitive dysfunction following ischemia. Juvenile and adult mice subjected to 45-min MCAO, and extracellular field recordings of CA1 neurons were performed to assess hippocampal synaptic plasticity changes after MCAO, and contextual fear conditioning was performed to evaluate memory and biochemistry used to analyze Nogo-A expression. Juvenile mice showed impaired synaptic plasticity seven days after MCAO, followed by full recovery by 30 days. Memory behavior was consistent with synaptic impairments and recovery after juvenile MCAO. Nogo-A expression increased in ipsilateral hippocampus seven days after MCAO compared to contralateral and sham hippocampus. Further, inhibition of Nogo-A receptors reversed MCAO-induced synaptic impairment in slices obtained seven days after juvenile MCAO. Adult MCAO-induced impairment of LTP was not associated with increased Nogo-A. This study demonstrates that stroke causes functional impairment in the hippocampus and recovery of behavioral and synaptic function is more robust in the young brain. Nogo-A receptor activity may account for the impairments seen following juvenile ischemic injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James E Orfila
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert M Dietz
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Krista M Rodgers
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andra Dingman
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Olivia P Patsos
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ivelisse Cruz-Torres
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Himmat Grewal
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Frank Strnad
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christian Schroeder
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Frazier AP, Wasserman BR, Macklin WB, Herson PS, Dingman AL. Abstract TP112: Delayed Oligodendrocyte Maturation Corresponds to Myelin and Motor Recovery After Neonatal Stroke. Stroke 2020. [DOI: 10.1161/str.51.suppl_1.tp112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Neonatal stroke is a common cause of lifelong neurologic disability. White matter repair after neonatal stroke has been understudied.
Objective:
Characterize acute myelin injury within striatal white matter and determine if endogenous remyelination occurs chronically.
Methods:
Postnatal day 10 (p10) mice underwent MCAO for 60 minutes, followed by reperfusion, and animals were sacrificed on post-op day (POD) 3, 14 or 28. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to assess oligodendrocyte maturation, and white matter integrity. Gait was assessed on POD 14 or 30.
Results:
On POD3 there is a significant decrease in neuronal density in the ipsilateral striatum compared to contralateral. There is also a significant reduction in mature oligodendrocytes density. At this timepoint, axons are preserved (measured as %SMI34
+
pixels), but there is significant myelin loss (measured as %MBP
+
pixels) in the ipsilateral striatum (fig 1A-D). On POD 14 there is persistently decreased myelin density in ipsilateral striatum compared to contralateral, and the proportion of oligodendrocytes with a mature phenotype (Olig2
+
CC1
+
/Olig2
+
) is significantly lower. Both myelin density and maturational index of oligodendrocytes recover by POD 28. At fourteen days after MCAO there is a significant reduction in gait length on the left side, which recovers by 28 days (fig1 E-G).
Conclusions:
60 minute MCAO in neonatal mice produces striatal injury with oligodendrocyte and myelin loss but preservation of axons, providing a substrate for repair. Myelin deficit persists at 14 days, and there is an oligodendrocyte maturational delay at this same time. Myelination and oligodendrocyte maturation recover between 14 and 28 days, corresponding to recovery of motor function. Future studies will focus on whether interventions that accelerate oligodendrocyte maturation and re-myelination can improve early functional outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wendy B Macklin
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Univ of Colorado Anschutz Med Campus, Denver, CO
| | - Paco S Herson
- Anesthesiology, Univ of Colorado Anschutz Med Campus, Denver, CO
| | - Andra L Dingman
- Pediatrics, Div of Child Neurology, Univ of Colorado Anschutz Med Campus, Denver, CO
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Orfila JE, Dietz RM, Dingman A, Schroeder CM, Quillinan N, Herson PS. Abstract TP111: TRPM2 is a Therapeutic Target for Reversal of Stroke-Induced Dementia-Like Symptoms. Stroke 2020. [DOI: 10.1161/str.51.suppl_1.tp111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Cognitive impairments and memory loss are common after stroke, with an emerging awareness of a high risk of conversion to post-stroke dementia. It is increasingly clear that in addition to neuronal injury following cerebral ischemia, impaired functional networks contribute to long-term functional deficits. Synaptic plasticity (long term potentiation; LTP) is the leading cellular model of learning and memory. Thus, we utilize electrophysiological recordings of hippocampal LTP as an indicator of network health following ischemia in combination with neurobehavioral assessments of memory function. TRPM2 channels are oxidative stress sensitive ion channels that have been implicated in ischemic injury.
Hypothesis:
Inhibition of TRPM2 channels reverse stroke-induced cognitive deficits.
Methods:
Extracellular field recordings of CA1 neurons were performed in acute hippocampal slices prepared 30 days after recovery from transient MCAO (45 min) in adult (6-8 week) mice. A behavioral fear conditioning paradigm was used to evaluate contextual memory 30 days after MCAO. Slices or mice were treated with our newly developed peptide inhibitor of TRPM2, termed tatM2NX.
Results:
Recordings obtained in brain slices 30 days after MCAO exhibited near complete loss of LTP; 161±9%, n=6 in sham compared to 115±4%, n=7 30 days after MCAO in the ipsilateral hippocampus. Similar deficit in LTP observed in the contralateral hippocampus. Remarkably, iv injection of 20 mg/kg tatM2NX on day 29 after MCAO reversed MCAO-induced loss of LTP when recorded on day 30, recovering to 175±9% (n=3). Memory function, measured using contextual fear conditioning, was consistent with our LTP findings. MCAO decreased freezing behavior, indicating lack of memory (62±5% in sham mice (n=5) and 24±3% in MCAO mice, n=4). This was reversed in MCAO mice given tatM2NX (20 mg/kg iv injection 24 hr before testing) on day 29 post MCAO, increasing freezing to 73±12% (n=3).
Conclusion:
These data indicate that our new TRPM2 channel inhibitor, tatM2NX, restores synaptic plasticity and memory function after experimental stroke. Therefore, inhibition of TRPM2 channels at chronic timepoints following ischemia may represent a novel strategy to improve functional recovery following stroke.
Collapse
|
44
|
Chalmers NE, Yonchek J, Steklac KE, Ramsey M, Bayer KU, Herson PS, Quillinan N. Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Kinase (CaMKII) Inhibition Protects Against Purkinje Cell Damage Following CA/CPR in Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:150-158. [PMID: 31520314 PMCID: PMC6980452 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01765-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic brain damage is triggered by glutamate excitotoxicity resulting in neuronal cell death. Previous research has demonstrated that N-methly-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation triggers downstream calcium-dependent signaling pathways, specifically Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). Inhibiting CaMKII is protective against hippocampal ischemic injury, but there is little known about its role in the cerebellum. To examine the neuroprotective potential of CaMKII inhibition in Purkinje cells, we subjected C57BL/6 or CaMKIIα KO male mice (8-12 weeks old) to cardiac arrest followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR). We performed a dose-response study for tat-CN19o and cerebellar injury was analyzed at 7 days after CA/CPR. Acute signaling was assessed at 6 h after CA/CPR using Western blot analysis. We observed increased phosphorylation of the T286 residue of CaMKII, suggesting increased autonomous activation. Analysis of Purkinje cell density revealed a decrease in cell density at 7 days after CA/CPR that was prevented with tat-CN19o at doses of 0.1 and 1 mg/kg. However, neuroprotection in the cerebellum required doses that were 10-fold higher than what was needed in the hippocampus. CaMKIIα KO mice subjected to sham surgery or CA/CPR had similar Purkinje cell densities, suggesting CaMKIIα is required for CA/CPR-induced injury in the cerebellum. We also observed a CA/CPR-induced activation of death-associated protein kinase (DAPK1) that tat-CN19o did not block. In summary, our findings indicate that inhibition of autonomous CaMKII activity is a promising therapeutic approach that is effective across multiple brain regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas E Chalmers
- Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joan Yonchek
- Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kathryn E Steklac
- Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Matthew Ramsey
- Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - K Ulrich Bayer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cruz-Torres I, Backos DS, Herson PS. Characterization and Optimization of the Novel Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 2 Antagonist tatM2NX. Mol Pharmacol 2019; 97:102-111. [PMID: 31772034 DOI: 10.1124/mol.119.117549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) is a calcium-permeable channel activated by adenosine diphosphate ribose metabolites and oxidative stress. TRPM2 contributes to neuronal injury in the brain caused by stroke and cardiac arrest among other diseases including pain, inflammation, and cancer. However, the lack of specific inhibitors hinders the study of TRPM2 in brain pathophysiology. Here, we present the design of a novel TRPM2 antagonist, tatM2NX, which prevents ligand binding and TRPM2 activation. We used mutagenesis of tatM2NX to determine the structure-activity relationship and antagonistic mechanism on TRPM2 using whole-cell patch clamp and Calcium imaging in human embryonic kidney 293 cells with stable human TRPM2 expression. We show that tatM2NX inhibits over 90% of TRPM2 channel currents at concentrations as low as 2 μM. Moreover, tatM2NX is a potent antagonist with an IC50 of 396 nM. Our results from tatM2NX mutagenesis indicate that specific residues within the tatM2NX C terminus are required to confer antagonism on TRPM2. Therefore, the peptide tatM2NX represents a new tool for the study of TRPM2 function in cell biology and enhances our understanding of TRPM2 in disease. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: TatM2NX is a potent TRPM2 channel antagonist with the potential for clinical benefit in neurological diseases. This study characterizes interactions of tatM2NX with TRPM2 and the mechanism of action using structure-activity analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Cruz-Torres
- Departments of Pharmacology (I.C.-T., P.S.H.) and Anesthesiology (P.S.H.) and Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program (I.C.-T., P.S.H.), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, Colorado (D.S.B.)
| | - D S Backos
- Departments of Pharmacology (I.C.-T., P.S.H.) and Anesthesiology (P.S.H.) and Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program (I.C.-T., P.S.H.), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, Colorado (D.S.B.)
| | - P S Herson
- Departments of Pharmacology (I.C.-T., P.S.H.) and Anesthesiology (P.S.H.) and Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program (I.C.-T., P.S.H.), University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, Colorado (D.S.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Dietz RM, Cruz-Torres I, Orfila JE, Patsos OP, Shimizu K, Chalmers N, Deng G, Tiemeier E, Quillinan N, Herson PS. Reversal of Global Ischemia-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction by Delayed Inhibition of TRPM2 Ion Channels. Transl Stroke Res 2019; 11:254-266. [PMID: 31250378 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-019-00712-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hippocampal injury and cognitive impairments are common after cardiac arrest and stroke and do not have an effective intervention despite much effort. Therefore, we developed a new approach aimed at reversing synaptic dysfunction by targeting TRPM2 channels. Cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR) in mice was used to investigate cognitive deficits and the role of the calcium-permeable ion channel transient receptor potential-M2 (TRPM2) in ischemia-induced synaptic dysfunction. Our data indicates that absence (TRPM2-/-) or acute inhibition of TRPM2 channels with tatM2NX reduced hippocampal cell death in males only, but prevented synaptic plasticity deficits in both sexes. Remarkably, administration of tatM2NX weeks after injury reversed hippocampal plasticity and memory deficits. Finally, TRPM2-dependent activation of calcineurin-GSK3β pathway contributes to synaptic plasticity impairments. These data suggest persistent TRPM2 activity following ischemia contributes to impairments of the surviving hippocampal network and that inhibition of TRPM2 channels at chronic time points may represent a novel strategy to improve functional recovery following cerebral ischemia that is independent of neuroprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Dietz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ivelisse Cruz-Torres
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James E Orfila
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Olivia P Patsos
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kaori Shimizu
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nicholas Chalmers
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Guiying Deng
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Erika Tiemeier
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nidia Quillinan
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Neuronal Injury & Plasticity Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA. .,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Orfila JE, Grewal H, Dietz RM, Strnad F, Shimizu T, Moreno M, Schroeder C, Yonchek J, Rodgers KM, Dingman A, Bernard TJ, Quillinan N, Macklin WB, Traystman RJ, Herson PS. Delayed inhibition of tonic inhibition enhances functional recovery following experimental ischemic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:1005-1014. [PMID: 29283314 PMCID: PMC6547193 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17750761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The current study focuses on the ability to improve cognitive function after stroke with interventions administered at delayed/chronic time points. In light of recent studies demonstrating delayed GABA antagonists improve motor function, we utilized electrophysiology, biochemistry and neurobehavioral methods to investigate the role of α5 GABAA receptors on hippocampal plasticity and functional recovery following ischemic stroke. Male C57Bl/6 mice were exposed to 45 min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and analysis of synaptic and functional deficits performed 7 or 30 days after recovery. Our findings indicate that hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) is impaired 7 days after stroke and remain impaired for at least 30 days. We demonstrate that ex vivo administration of L655,708 reversed ischemia-induced plasticity deficits and importantly, in vivo administration at delayed time-points reversed stroke-induced memory deficits. Western blot analysis of hippocampal tissue reveals proteins responsible for GABA synthesis are upregulated (GAD65/67 and MAOB), increasing GABA in hippocampal interneurons 30 days after stroke. Thus, our data indicate that both synaptic plasticity and memory impairments observed after stroke are caused by excessive tonic GABA activity, making inhibition of specific GABA activity at delayed timepoints a potential therapeutic approach to improve functional recovery and reverse cognitive impairments after stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James E Orfila
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Himmat Grewal
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Robert M Dietz
- 2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,3 Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Frank Strnad
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Takeru Shimizu
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Myriam Moreno
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christian Schroeder
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joan Yonchek
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Krista M Rodgers
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andra Dingman
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Nidia Quillinan
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Wendy B Macklin
- 4 Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Richard J Traystman
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,5 Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Neuronal Injury Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,5 Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Hippensteel JA, Anderson BJ, Orfila JE, McMurtry SA, Dietz RM, Su G, Ford JA, Oshima K, Yang Y, Zhang F, Han X, Yu Y, Liu J, Linhardt RJ, Meyer NJ, Herson PS, Schmidt EP. Circulating heparan sulfate fragments mediate septic cognitive dysfunction. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:1779-1784. [PMID: 30720464 DOI: 10.1172/jci124485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Septic patients frequently develop cognitive impairment that persists beyond hospital discharge. The impact of sepsis on electrophysiological and molecular determinants of learning is underexplored. We observed that mice that survived sepsis or endotoxemia experienced loss of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), a brain-derived neurotrophic factor-mediated (BDNF-mediated) process responsible for spatial memory formation. Memory impairment occurred despite preserved hippocampal BDNF content and could be reversed by stimulation of BDNF signaling, suggesting the presence of a local BDNF inhibitor. Sepsis is associated with degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx, releasing heparan sulfate fragments (of sufficient size and sulfation to bind BDNF) into the circulation. Heparan sulfate fragments penetrated the hippocampal blood-brain barrier during sepsis and inhibited BDNF-mediated LTP. Glycoarray approaches demonstrated that the avidity of heparan sulfate for BDNF increased with sulfation at the 2-O position of iduronic acid and the N position of glucosamine. Circulating heparan sulfate in endotoxemic mice and septic humans was enriched in 2-O- and N-sulfated disaccharides; furthermore, the presence of these sulfation patterns in the plasma of septic patients at intensive care unit (ICU) admission predicted persistent cognitive impairment 14 days after ICU discharge or at hospital discharge. Our findings indicate that circulating 2-O- and N-sulfated heparan sulfate fragments contribute to septic cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian J Anderson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Sarah A McMurtry
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Robert M Dietz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorada, USA
| | - Guowei Su
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joshay A Ford
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kaori Oshima
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Yimu Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Xiaorui Han
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Yanlei Yu
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Jian Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Nuala J Meyer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesia, and.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorada, USA
| | - Eric P Schmidt
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Medicine, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Dingman AL, Rodgers KM, Dietz RM, Hickey SP, Frazier AP, Clevenger AC, Yonchek JC, Traystman RJ, Macklin WB, Herson PS. Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cell Proliferation and Fate after White Matter Stroke in Juvenile and Adult Mice. Dev Neurosci 2019; 40:1-16. [PMID: 30861520 DOI: 10.1159/000496200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of stroke in children is 2.4 per 100,000 person-years and results in long-term motor and cognitive disability. In ischemic stroke, white matter (WM) is frequently injured, but is relatively understudied compared to grey matter injury. Previous research suggests that the cellular response to WM ischemic injury is different at different ages. Little is known about whether WM repair mechanisms differ in children and adults. We utilized a model of focal ischemic WM injury to determine the oligodendrocyte (OL) response to focal WM ischemic injury in juvenile and adult mice. Methods: Juvenile (21-25 days of age) versus adult (2-3 months of age) mice underwent stereotaxic injection of the potent vasoconstrictor N5-(1-iminoethyhl)-L-ornithine (L-NIO) into the lateral corpus callosum (CC). Animals were sacrificed on postoperative day 3 (acute) or 21 (chronic). Cell birth-dating was performed acutely after WM stroke with 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) injected intraperitoneally. Immunohistochemistry was performed, as well as stereology, to measure injury volume. The acute oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) proliferation and the chronic OL cell fate were determined with immunohistochemistry. Compound action potentials were measured in the CC at acute and chronic time points. Results: Acutely WM injury volume was smaller in juveniles. There was significantly greater OPC proliferation in juvenile animals (acute) compared to adults, but newly born OLs did not survive and mature into myelinating cells at chronic time points. In addition, juveniles did not have improved histological or functional recovery when compared to adults. Protecting newly born OPCs is a potential therapeutic target in children with ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andra L Dingman
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA,
| | - Krista M Rodgers
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Robert M Dietz
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sean P Hickey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Alexandra P Frazier
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Amy C Clevenger
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Joan C Yonchek
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Richard J Traystman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Wendy B Macklin
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Paco S Herson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Rodgers KM, Schroeder C, Yonchek JC, Traystman RJ, Herson PS. Abstract TMP29: Microglia Are Essential for Neuronal Replacement and Improved Functional Recovery Following Cerebral Ischemia. Stroke 2019. [DOI: 10.1161/str.50.suppl_1.tmp29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Microglia are the first responders after stroke, mounting the immune response to CNS injury. While this response has been shown to be both neuroprotective and neurodegenerative following brain injury, it has been generally accepted that activation of microglia during the acute response to stroke is detrimental for neurogenesis and neuronal replacement. The vast majority of studies report that microglial activation reduces the survival of newborn neurons following stoke. However, our findings indicate that proinflammatory signaling is essential for survival of newborn neurons in juveniles. Remarkably, neurogenesis appears to require prolonged activation of microglia during the acute phase of cerebral ischemia. We utilized a juvenile stroke model to study the paracrine signaling triggered by ischemia in activated microglia and its consequence on newborn neuron survival.
Methods:
Electrocorticography (ECoG) was recorded from cortical surface electrodes and striatal depth electrodes implanted prior to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Microglia were attenuated with Ibudilast (10 mg/kg), a glial cell activation inhibitor. Neurogenesis and inflammatory markers were examined with immunohistochemistry, and functional outcomes with neurobehavioral measures and ECoG recordings.
Results and Conclusions:
Acute inhibition of microglial activation after stroke resulted in reduced neurogenesis and long-lasting neurodegenerative effects, evidenced by increased astrogliosis, infiltrating macrophages, and glial scarring at 30d post-ischemia in the lateral striatum of MCAO+Ibudilast treated compared to MCAO+Vehicle treated juvenile mice. Behavioral tests and ECoG recordings revealed deficits in affected limb use, general motor functioning, and total ECoG power (μV
2
) in both Ibudilast and vehicle treated MCAO-injured juveniles at 7d post-ischemia, but only MCAO+Vehicle treated juveniles returned to near sham-operated/baseline levels on neurobehavioral tasks and ECoG power in striatum and primary motor cortex at 30d. These surprising and striking findings provide evidence for a novel, supportive role for microglia in neuronal replacement and enhanced functional recovery following stroke in juveniles.
Collapse
|