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Zhu Q, Chen S, Funcke JB, Straub LG, Lin Q, Zhao S, Joung C, Zhang Z, Kim DS, Li N, Gliniak CM, Lee C, Cebrian-Serrano A, Pedersen L, Halberg N, Gordillo R, Kusminski CM, Scherer PE. PAQR4 regulates adipocyte function and systemic metabolic health by mediating ceramide levels. Nat Metab 2024:10.1038/s42255-024-01078-9. [PMID: 38961186 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01078-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
PAQR4 is an orphan receptor in the PAQR family with an unknown function in metabolism. Here, we identify a critical role of PAQR4 in maintaining adipose tissue function and whole-body metabolic health. We demonstrate that expression of Paqr4 specifically in adipocytes, in an inducible and reversible fashion, leads to partial lipodystrophy, hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia, which is ameliorated by wild-type adipose tissue transplants or leptin treatment. By contrast, deletion of Paqr4 in adipocytes improves healthy adipose remodelling and glucose homoeostasis in diet-induced obesity. Mechanistically, PAQR4 regulates ceramide levels by mediating the stability of ceramide synthases (CERS2 and CERS5) and, thus, their activities. Overactivation of the PQAR4-CERS axis causes ceramide accumulation and impairs adipose tissue function through suppressing adipogenesis and triggering adipocyte de-differentiation. Blocking de novo ceramide biosynthesis rescues PAQR4-induced metabolic defects. Collectively, our findings suggest a critical function of PAQR4 in regulating cellular ceramide homoeostasis and targeting PAQR4 offers an approach for the treatment of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhang Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jan-Bernd Funcke
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Leon G Straub
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Qian Lin
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Chanmin Joung
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zhuzhen Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dae-Seok Kim
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Na Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christy M Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Charlotte Lee
- Center for Hypothalamic Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Alberto Cebrian-Serrano
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Line Pedersen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nils Halberg
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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López-Martínez M, Armengol MP, Pey I, Farré X, Rodríguez-Martínez P, Ferrer M, Porrini E, Luis-Lima S, Díaz-Martín L, Rodríguez-Rodríguez AE, Cruz-Perera C, Alcalde M, Navarro-Díaz M. Integrated miRNA-mRNA Analysis Reveals Critical miRNAs and Targets in Diet-Induced Obesity-Related Glomerulopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6437. [PMID: 38928144 PMCID: PMC11204096 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) at cellular, structural, and transcriptomic levels. Thirty Wistar rats were randomized into two groups: 15 rats were fed with a standard diet (SD-rats), and 15 rats were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD-rats). After 10 weeks, the weight, kidney function, histological features, and transcriptomic changes were assessed. HFD-rats gained significantly more weight (55.8% vs. 29.2%; p < 0.001) and albuminuria (10,384.04 ng/mL vs. 5845.45 ng/mL; p < 0.001) compared to SD-rats. HFD-rats exhibited early stages of ORG, with predominant mesangial matrix increase and podocyte hypertrophy (PH). These lesions correlated with differentially expressed (DE) genes and miRNAs. Functional analysis showed that miR-205, which was DE in both the kidneys and urine of HFD-rats, negatively regulated the PTEN gene, promoting lipid endocytosis in podocytes. The downregulation of PTEN was proved through a higher PTEN/nephrin ratio in the SD-rats and the presence of lipid vacuoles in HFD-podocytes. This study has found a specific targetome of miRNAs and gene expression in early stages of ORG. Also, it emphasizes the potential value of miR-205 as a urinary biomarker for detecting podocyte injury in ORG, offering a tool for early diagnosis, and opening new avenues for future therapeutic research of obesity-related glomerulopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina López-Martínez
- CSUR National Unit of Expertise for Complex Glomerular Diseases of Spain, Nephrology Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Research, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08913 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Pilar Armengol
- Genomic Platform, Germans Trias i Pujol’s Research Institute, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irina Pey
- Genomic Platform, Germans Trias i Pujol’s Research Institute, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Farré
- Genomic Platform, Germans Trias i Pujol’s Research Institute, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Mireia Ferrer
- Statistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esteban Porrini
- Laboratory of Renal Function (LFR), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias, 38320 La Laguna, Spain (L.D.-M.)
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, 38320 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Sergio Luis-Lima
- Laboratory of Renal Function (LFR), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias, 38320 La Laguna, Spain (L.D.-M.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, 38320 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Laura Díaz-Martín
- Laboratory of Renal Function (LFR), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias, 38320 La Laguna, Spain (L.D.-M.)
| | - Ana Elena Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, 38320 Tenerife, Spain
- Fundación General de la Universidad, University of La Laguna,38320 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Coriolano Cruz-Perera
- Laboratory of Renal Function (LFR), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias, 38320 La Laguna, Spain (L.D.-M.)
| | - Marta Alcalde
- Comparative Medicine and Bioimage Centre of Catalonia (CMCiB), Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Pharmaco and Device Epidemiology Group, CSM, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Maruja Navarro-Díaz
- Genomic Platform, Germans Trias i Pujol’s Research Institute, Badalona, 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Nephrology Department, Sant Joan Despí Moisès Broggi Hospital, Sant Joan Despí, 08970 Barcelona, Spain
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Zheng X, Huang Y, Yang M, Jin L, Zhang X, Zhang R, Wu Y, Yan C, Gao Y, Zeng M, Li F, Zhou X, Zhang N, Liu J, Zha B. Vitamin D is involved in the effects of the intestinal flora and its related metabolite TMAO on perirenal fat and kidneys in mice with DKD. Nutr Diabetes 2024; 14:42. [PMID: 38858392 PMCID: PMC11164932 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00297-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D was shown to directly exert a protective effect on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in our previous study. However, whether it has an effect on perirenal adipose tissue (PRAT) or the intestinal flora and its metabolites (trimethylamine N-oxide, TMAO) is unclear. METHODS DKD mice were received different concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2D3 for 2 weeks. Serum TNF-α levels and TMAO levels were detected. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze gut microbiota. qPCR was used to detect the expression of TLR4, NF-Κb, PGC1α, and UCP-1 in kidney and adipose tissue. Histological changes in kidney and perirenal adipose tissue were observed using HE, PAS, Masson and oil red staining. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of VDR, PGC1α, podocin, and UCP-1 in kidney and adipose tissue. Electron microscopy was used to observe the pathological changes in the kidney. VDR knockout mice were constructed to observe the changes in the gut and adipose tissue, and immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of UCP-1 and collagen IV in the kidney. RESULTS 1,25-(OH)2D3 could improve the dysbiosis of the intestinal flora of mice with DKD, increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria, decrease the abundance of harmful bacteria, reduce the pathological changes in the kidney, reduce fat infiltration, and downregulate the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB in kidneys. The serum TMAO concentration in mice with DKD was significantly higher than that of the control group, and was significantly positively correlated with the urine ACR. In addition, vitamin D stimulated the expression of the surface markers PGC1α, UCP-1 and VDR in the PRAT in DKD mice, and TMAO downregulated the expression of PRAT and renal VDR. CONCLUSIONS The protective effect of 1,25-(OH)2D3 in DKD mice may affect the intestinal flora and its related metabolite TMAO on perirenal fat and kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Mengxue Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Lulu Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xuemeng Zhang
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Pujiang Community Health Service Center, Minhang District, Shanghai, 2011112, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yueyue Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Cuili Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Pujiang Community Health Service Center, Minhang District, Shanghai, 2011112, China
| | - Miao Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Neng Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Bingbing Zha
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Funes DR, Blanco DG, Lo Menzo E, Szomstein S, Rosenthal RJ. Changes in renal blood flow after surgically induced weight loss: can bariatric surgery halt the progression of chronic kidney disease? Surg Obes Relat Dis 2024; 20:439-444. [PMID: 38158311 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously demonstrated how kidney injury in patients with morbid obesity can be reversed by bariatric surgery (BaS). OBJECTIVE(S) Based on previous experience, we hypothesize patients' potentially reversible kidney injury might be secondary to reduction in renal blood flow (RBF), which improves following BaS. SETTING Academic Hospital. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent BaS at our institution from 2002 to 2019. We identified patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) using the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration Study (CKD-EPI) classification system. We used the BUN/Creatinine (Cr) ratio pre- and postoperatively to determine a prerenal (decreased RBF) versus intrinsic component as the responsible cause of CKD in this patient population. Decreased RBF was defined as BUN/Cr > 20 preoperatively. RESULTS Our analysis included n = 2924 patients, of which 11% (n = 325) presented decreased RBF. From our original sample, only n = 228 patients had the complete data necessary to assess both eGFR and RBF (BUN/Cr). Patients with baseline CKD stage 2 demonstrated preoperative BUN/Cr 20.85 ± 10.23 decreasing to 14.99 ± 9.10 at 12-month follow-up (P < .01). Patients with baseline CKD stage 3 presented with preoperative BUN/Cr 23.88 ± 8.75; after 12-month follow-up, BUN/Cr ratio decreased to 16.38 ± 9.27 (P < .01). Patients with CKD stage 4 and ESRD (eGFR < 30) did not demonstrate a difference for pre- and postoperative BUN/Cr 21.71 ± 9.28 and 19.21 ± 14.58, respectively. CONCLUSION(S) According to our findings, patients with CKD stages 1-3 present improvement of their kidney function after BaS. This amelioration could be secondary to improvement of the RBF, an unstudied reversible mechanism of kidney injury in the bariatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Romero Funes
- Department of General Surgery and the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida
| | - David Gutierrez Blanco
- Department of General Surgery and the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida
| | - Emanuele Lo Menzo
- Department of General Surgery and the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida
| | - Samuel Szomstein
- Department of General Surgery and the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida
| | - Raul J Rosenthal
- Department of General Surgery and the Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida.
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Ping Y, Liu J, Wang L, Qiu H, Zhang Y. Research progress on the mechanism of TCM regulating intestinal microbiota in the treatment of DM mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1308016. [PMID: 38601207 PMCID: PMC11004430 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1308016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards, the incidence of DM has increased year by year in China. DM is a common metabolic syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia caused by genetic, environmental and other factors. At the same time, long-term suffering from DM will also have an impact on the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves, and associated serious diseases. The human body has a large and complex gut microbiota, which has a significant impact on the body's metabolism. Research shows that the occurrence and development of DM and its complications are closely related to intestinal microbiota. At present, western medicine generally treats DM with drugs. The hypoglycemic effect is fast and strong, but it can have a series of side effects on the human body. Compared with western medicine, Chinese medicine has its unique views and methods in treating DM. TCM can improve symptoms and treat complications by improving the imbalance of microbiota in patients with DM. Its characteristics of health, safety, and reliability are widely accepted by the general public. This article reviews the relationship between intestinal microbiota and DM, as well as the mechanism of TCM intervention in DM by regulating intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ping
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongbin Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
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Bradford BJ, Contreras GA. Adipose Tissue Inflammation: Linking Physiological Stressors to Disease Susceptibility. Annu Rev Anim Biosci 2024; 12:261-281. [PMID: 38064480 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-animal-021122-113212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The study of adipose tissue (AT) is enjoying a renaissance. White, brown, and beige adipocytes are being investigated in adult animals, and the critical roles of small depots like perivascular AT are becoming clear. But the most profound revision of the AT dogma has been its cellular composition and regulation. Single-cell transcriptomic studies revealed that adipocytes comprise well under 50% of the cells in white AT, and a substantial portion of the rest are immune cells. Altering the function of AT resident leukocytes can induce or correct metabolic syndrome and, more surprisingly, alter adaptive immune responses to infection. Although the field is dominated by obesity research, conditions such as rapid lipolysis, infection, and heat stress impact AT immune dynamics as well. Recent findings in rodents lead to critical questions that should be explored in domestic livestock as potential avenues for improved animal resilience to stressors, particularly as animals age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry J Bradford
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA;
| | - G Andres Contreras
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA;
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Wang MN, Zhai MX, Wang YT, Dai QF, Liu L, Zhao LP, Xia QY, Li S, Li B. Mechanism of Acupuncture in Treating Obesity: Advances and Prospects. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:1-33. [PMID: 38351701 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a common metabolic syndrome that causes a significant burden on individuals and society. Conventional therapies include lifestyle interventions, bariatric surgery, and pharmacological therapies, which are not effective and have a high risk of adverse events. Acupuncture is an effective alternative for obesity, it modulates the hypothalamus, sympathetic activity and parasympathetic activity, obesity-related hormones (leptin, ghrelin, insulin, and CCK), the brain-gut axis, inflammatory status, adipose tissue browning, muscle blood flow, hypoxia, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to influence metabolism, eating behavior, motivation, cognition, and the reward system. However, hypothalamic regulation by acupuncture should be further demonstrated in human studies using novel techniques, such as functional MRI (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), electroencephalogram (EEG), and magnetoencephalography (MEG). Moreover, a longer follow-up phase of clinical trials is required to detect the long-term effects of acupuncture. Also, future studies should investigate the optimal acupuncture therapeutic option for obesity. This review aims to consolidate the recent improvements in the mechanism of acupuncture for obesity as well as discuss the future research prospects and potential of acupuncture for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Na Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing 100010, P. R. China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Miao-Xin Zhai
- Yinghai Hospital, Daxing District, Beijing 100163, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tong Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing 100010, P. R. China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Fu Dai
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing 100010, P. R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing 100010, P. R. China
| | - Luo-Peng Zhao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing 100010, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Yu Xia
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing 100010, P. R. China
| | - Shen Li
- Department of Emergency, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing 100010, P. R. China
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Komaru Y, Bai YZ, Kreisel D, Herrlich A. Interorgan communication networks in the kidney-lung axis. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024; 20:120-136. [PMID: 37667081 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00760-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The homeostasis and health of an organism depend on the coordinated interaction of specialized organs, which is regulated by interorgan communication networks of circulating soluble molecules and neuronal connections. Many diseases that seemingly affect one primary organ are really multiorgan diseases, with substantial secondary remote organ complications that underlie a large part of their morbidity and mortality. Acute kidney injury (AKI) frequently occurs in critically ill patients with multiorgan failure and is associated with high mortality, particularly when it occurs together with respiratory failure. Inflammatory lung lesions in patients with kidney failure that could be distinguished from pulmonary oedema due to volume overload were first reported in the 1930s, but have been largely overlooked in clinical settings. A series of studies over the past two decades have elucidated acute and chronic kidney-lung and lung-kidney interorgan communication networks involving various circulating inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, metabolites, uraemic toxins, immune cells and neuro-immune pathways. Further investigations are warranted to understand these clinical entities of high morbidity and mortality, and to develop effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Komaru
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yun Zhu Bai
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel Kreisel
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andreas Herrlich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- VA Saint Louis Health Care System, John Cochran Division, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Sasso CV, Lhamyani S, Hevilla F, Padial M, Blanca M, Barril G, Jiménez-Salcedo T, Martínez ES, Nogueira Á, Lago-Sampedro AM, Olveira G. Modulation of miR-29a and miR-29b Expression and Their Target Genes Related to Inflammation and Renal Fibrosis by an Oral Nutritional Supplement with Probiotics in Malnourished Hemodialysis Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1132. [PMID: 38256206 PMCID: PMC10816158 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition is prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially those on hemodialysis. Recently, our group described that a new oral nutritional supplement (ONS), specifically designed for malnourished (or at risk) hemodialysis patients with a "similar to the Mediterranean diet" pattern, improved caloric-protein intake, nutritional status and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidation. Our aim in this study was to evaluate whether the new ONS, associated with probiotics or not, may produce changes in miRNA's expression and its target genes in malnourished hemodialysis patients, compared to individualized diet recommendations. We performed a randomized, multicenter, parallel-group trial in malnourished hemodialysis patients with three groups (1: control (C) individualized diet (n = 11); 2: oral nutritional supplement (ONS) + placebo (ONS-PL) (n = 10); and 3: ONS + probiotics (ONS-PR) (n = 10)); the trial was open regarding the intake of ONS or individualized diet recommendations but double-blinded for the intake of probiotics. MiRNAs and gene expression levels were analyzed by RT-qPCR at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. We observed that the expression of miR-29a and miR-29b increased significantly in patients with ONS-PR at 3 months in comparison with baseline, stabilizing at the sixth month. Moreover, we observed differences between studied groups, where miR-29b expression levels were elevated in patients receiving ONS-PR compared to the control group in the third month. Regarding the gene expression levels, we observed a decrease in the ONS-PR group compared to the control group in the third month for RUNX2 and TNFα. TGFB1 expression was decreased in the ONS-PR group compared to baseline in the third month. PTEN gene expression was significantly elevated in the ONS-PR group at 3 months in comparison with baseline. LEPTIN expression was significantly increased in the ONS-PL group at the 3-month intervention compared to baseline. The new oral nutritional supplement associated with probiotics increases the expression levels of miR-29a and miR-29b after 3 months of intervention, modifying the expression of target genes with anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic actions. This study highlights the potential benefit of this oral nutritional supplement, especially associated with probiotics, in malnourished patients with chronic renal disease on hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Verónica Sasso
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (C.V.S.); (S.L.); (F.H.); (M.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina y Dermatología, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Said Lhamyani
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (C.V.S.); (S.L.); (F.H.); (M.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco Hevilla
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (C.V.S.); (S.L.); (F.H.); (M.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina y Dermatología, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Marina Padial
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (C.V.S.); (S.L.); (F.H.); (M.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina y Dermatología, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - María Blanca
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.); (E.S.M.)
| | - Guillermina Barril
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (G.B.); (Á.N.)
| | | | - Enrique Sanz Martínez
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.); (E.S.M.)
| | - Ángel Nogueira
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (G.B.); (Á.N.)
| | - Ana María Lago-Sampedro
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (C.V.S.); (S.L.); (F.H.); (M.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina y Dermatología, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Gabriel Olveira
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (C.V.S.); (S.L.); (F.H.); (M.P.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga IBIMA-Plataforma BIONAND, 29009 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina y Dermatología, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 29010 Málaga, Spain
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10
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Scurt FG, Ganz MJ, Herzog C, Bose K, Mertens PR, Chatzikyrkou C. Association of metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13649. [PMID: 37783465 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of kidney disease is increasing rapidly worldwide, reflecting rising rates of obesity, diabetes, and associated metabolic syndrome (MetS). Chronic kidney disease and related comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension place a significant financial burden on healthcare systems. Despite the widespread use of RAAS inhibitors, intensive blood pressure and glycemic control, and newer therapeutic options consisting of sodium/glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors or glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, a significant risk of progression to end-stage renal disease remains in the high-risk obese and diabetic population. The MetS is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors that adversely affect the development and progression of chronic kidney failure. According to the criteria of the World Health Organization, it is defined by visceral adiposity, impaired glucose tolerance or insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, raised blood pressure, and microalbuminuria with a albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g. At molecular level MetS is marked by a proinflammatory state and increased oxidative stress leading to various pathophysiological changes causing endothelial dysfunction and a hypercoagulable state. Because the kidney is a highly vascularized organ, it is especially susceptible for those microvascular changes. Therefore, the MetS and its individual components are associated with the premature development, acceleration, and progression of chronic kidney disease. Therefore, it is becoming increasingly important to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of MetS-associated chronic kidney disease in order to develop new strategies for preventing and slowing the progression of renal disease. In this review, we will elucidate (i) the renal structural, hemodynamic, and metabolic changes that occur in obesity and obesity-related kidney injury; (ii) the clinicopathological characteristics of obesity-related kidney injury, primarily focusing on obesity-associated glomerulopathy; (iii) the potential additional factors or predisposing factors that may turn patients more susceptible to renal structural or functional compensatory failure and subsequent injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian G Scurt
- University Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian J Ganz
- University Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Herzog
- University Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Bose
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter R Mertens
- University Clinic for Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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11
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Parvanova A, Reseghetti E, Abbate M, Ruggenenti P. Mechanisms and treatment of obesity-related hypertension-Part 1: Mechanisms. Clin Kidney J 2024; 17:sfad282. [PMID: 38186879 PMCID: PMC10768772 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfad282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has tripled over the past five decades. Obesity, especially visceral obesity, is closely related to hypertension, increasing the risk of primary (essential) hypertension by 65%-75%. Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide, and its prevalence is rapidly increasing following the pandemic rise in obesity. Although the causal relationship between obesity and high blood pressure (BP) is well established, the detailed mechanisms for such association are still under research. For more than 30 years sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and kidney sodium reabsorption activation, secondary to insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia, have been considered as primary mediators of elevated BP in obesity. However, experimental and clinical data show that severe insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia can occur in the absence of elevated BP, challenging the causal relationship between insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia as the key factor linking obesity to hypertension. The purpose of Part 1 of this review is to summarize the available data on recently emerging mechanisms believed to contribute to obesity-related hypertension through increased sodium reabsorption and volume expansion, such as: physical compression of the kidney by perirenal/intrarenal fat and overactivation of the systemic/renal SNS and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The role of hyperleptinemia, impaired chemoreceptor and baroreceptor reflexes, and increased perivascular fat is also discussed. Specifically targeting these mechanisms may pave the way for a new therapeutic intervention in the treatment of obesity-related hypertension in the context of 'precision medicine' principles, which will be discussed in Part 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneliya Parvanova
- Department of Renal Medicine, Clinical Research Centre for Rare Diseases “Aldo e Cele Daccò”, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Elia Reseghetti
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Manuela Abbate
- Research Group on Global Health, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain
- Research Group on Global Health and Lifestyle, Health Research Institutte of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain
| | - Piero Ruggenenti
- Department of Renal Medicine, Clinical Research Centre for Rare Diseases “Aldo e Cele Daccò”, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
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12
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Xourafa G, Korbmacher M, Roden M. Inter-organ crosstalk during development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024; 20:27-49. [PMID: 37845351 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00898-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by tissue-specific insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, which result from the interplay of local abnormalities within different tissues and systemic dysregulation of tissue crosstalk. The main local mechanisms comprise metabolic (lipid) signalling, altered mitochondrial metabolism with oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and local inflammation. While the role of endocrine dysregulation in T2DM pathogenesis is well established, other forms of inter-organ crosstalk deserve closer investigation to better understand the multifactorial transition from normoglycaemia to hyperglycaemia. This narrative Review addresses the impact of certain tissue-specific messenger systems, such as metabolites, peptides and proteins and microRNAs, their secretion patterns and possible alternative transport mechanisms, such as extracellular vesicles (exosomes). The focus is on the effects of these messengers on distant organs during the development of T2DM and progression to its complications. Starting from the adipose tissue as a major organ relevant to T2DM pathophysiology, the discussion is expanded to other key tissues, such as skeletal muscle, liver, the endocrine pancreas and the intestine. Subsequently, this Review also sheds light on the potential of multimarker panels derived from these biomarkers and related multi-omics for the prediction of risk and progression of T2DM, novel diabetes mellitus subtypes and/or endotypes and T2DM-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Xourafa
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Melis Korbmacher
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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13
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Hwang YS, Lim J, Yoon HR, Park SH, Kim A, Jang JP, Cho HJ, Lee HG. Astragalus Complanatus Ethanol Attenuates Septic Shock by Exerting Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:384. [PMID: 38203555 PMCID: PMC10778658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory syndrome that results in multiple-organ failure caused by a dysregulated host immune response to microbial infection. Astragali complanati semen extract (ACSE) exhibits pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, antiaging, and anti-diabetes effects. It is widely used in traditional medicine to treat liver and kidney diseases; however, the protective effect of ACSE on sepsis and its mechanisms are unknown. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects and potential mechanisms of the action of ACSE on sepsis. We show that ACSE improved survival rates in mouse models of acute sepsis induced by CLP (cecal ligation and puncture) and LPS stimulation. ACSE administration decreased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in sepsis-induced mice. Furthermore, ACSE reduced the levels of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the serum of septic mice. ACSE treatment inhibited the expression of these proinflammatory genes in LPS-stimulated J774 macrophages. Moreover, ACSE inhibited the phosphorylation of the IκB kinase (IKK) and the nuclear translocation of p65 NF-κB by LPS stimulation in macrophages. These results reveal the mechanism underlying the protective effect of ACSE against sepsis by inhibiting NF-κB activation and suggest that ACSE could be a potential therapeutic candidate to treat acute inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo Sep Hwang
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (Y.S.H.); (J.L.); (H.R.Y.)
| | - Jeewon Lim
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (Y.S.H.); (J.L.); (H.R.Y.)
- Department of Biomolecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang Ran Yoon
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (Y.S.H.); (J.L.); (H.R.Y.)
| | - Seong-Hoon Park
- Genetic and Epigenetic Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea;
| | - Aeyung Kim
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jun-Pil Jang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hee Jun Cho
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (Y.S.H.); (J.L.); (H.R.Y.)
- Department of Biomolecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Gu Lee
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (Y.S.H.); (J.L.); (H.R.Y.)
- Department of Biomolecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
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14
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Carullo N, Zicarelli M, Michael A, Faga T, Battaglia Y, Pisani A, Perticone M, Costa D, Ielapi N, Coppolino G, Bolignano D, Serra R, Andreucci M. Childhood Obesity: Insight into Kidney Involvement. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17400. [PMID: 38139229 PMCID: PMC10743690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This review examines the impact of childhood obesity on the kidney from an epidemiological, pathogenetic, clinical, and pathological perspective, with the aim of providing pediatricians and nephrologists with the most current data on this topic. The prevalence of childhood obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is steadily increasing worldwide, reaching epidemic proportions. While the impact of obesity in children with CKD is less pronounced than in adults, recent studies suggest a similar trend in the child population. This is likely due to the significant association between obesity and the two leading causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD): diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension. Obesity is a complex, systemic disease that reflects interactions between environmental and genetic factors. A key mechanism of kidney damage is related to metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Therefore, we can speculate about an adipose tissue-kidney axis in which neurohormonal and immunological mechanisms exacerbate complications resulting from obesity. Adipose tissue, now recognized as an endocrine organ, secretes cytokines called adipokines that may induce adaptive or maladaptive responses in renal cells, leading to kidney fibrosis. The impact of obesity on kidney transplant-related outcomes for both donors and recipients is also significant, making stringent preventive measures critical in the pre- and post-transplant phases. The challenge lies in identifying renal involvement as early as possible, as it is often completely asymptomatic and not detectable through common markers of kidney function. Ongoing research into innovative technologies, such as proteomics and metabolomics, aims to identify new biomarkers and is constantly evolving. Many aspects of pediatric disease progression in the population of children with obesity still require clarification. However, the latest scientific evidence in the field of nephrology offers glimpses into various new perspectives, such as genetic factors, comorbidities, and novel biomarkers. Investigating these aspects early could potentially improve the prognosis of these young patients through new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Hence, the aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive exploration of the pathogenetic mechanisms and prevalent pathological patterns of kidney damage observed in children with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazareno Carullo
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Mariateresa Zicarelli
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Ashour Michael
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Teresa Faga
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Yuri Battaglia
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy;
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Public Health, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Perticone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.P.); (D.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Davide Costa
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.P.); (D.C.); (D.B.)
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), “Magna Graecia” University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Nicola Ielapi
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), “Magna Graecia” University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Coppolino
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
| | - Davide Bolignano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.P.); (D.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Raffaele Serra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.P.); (D.C.); (D.B.)
- Interuniversity Center of Phlebolymphology (CIFL), “Magna Graecia” University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Michele Andreucci
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (N.C.); (M.Z.); (A.M.); (T.F.); (G.C.)
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15
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Altamura S, Pietropaoli D, Lombardi F, Del Pinto R, Ferri C. An Overview of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology: The Impact of Gut Dysbiosis and Oral Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3033. [PMID: 38002033 PMCID: PMC10669155 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a severe condition and a significant public health issue worldwide, carrying the burden of an increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. The traditional factors that promote the onset and progression of CKD are cardiometabolic risk factors like hypertension and diabetes, but non-traditional contributors are escalating. Moreover, gut dysbiosis, inflammation, and an impaired immune response are emerging as crucial mechanisms in the disease pathology. The gut microbiome and kidney disease exert a reciprocal influence commonly referred to as "the gut-kidney axis" through the induction of metabolic, immunological, and endocrine alterations. Periodontal diseases are strictly involved in the gut-kidney axis for their impact on the gut microbiota composition and for the metabolic and immunological alterations occurring in and reciprocally affecting both conditions. This review aims to provide an overview of the dynamic biological interconnections between oral health status, gut, and renal pathophysiology, spotlighting the dynamic oral-gut-kidney axis and raising whether periodontal diseases and gut microbiota can be disease modifiers in CKD. By doing so, we try to offer new insights into therapeutic strategies that may enhance the clinical trajectory of CKD patients, ultimately advancing our quest for improved patient outcomes and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Altamura
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.A.); (D.P.); (C.F.)
- PhD School in Medicine and Public Health, Center of Oral Diseases, Prevention and Translational Research—Dental Clinic, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Oral Diseases and Systemic Interactions Study Group (ODISSY Group), 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Davide Pietropaoli
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.A.); (D.P.); (C.F.)
- Oral Diseases and Systemic Interactions Study Group (ODISSY Group), 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Center of Oral Diseases, Prevention and Translational Research—Dental Clinic, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca Lombardi
- Laboratory of Immunology and Immunopathology, Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Rita Del Pinto
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.A.); (D.P.); (C.F.)
- Oral Diseases and Systemic Interactions Study Group (ODISSY Group), 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Center for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention, San Salvatore Hospital, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Claudio Ferri
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.A.); (D.P.); (C.F.)
- Oral Diseases and Systemic Interactions Study Group (ODISSY Group), 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Center for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention, San Salvatore Hospital, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
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16
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Song Y, Zhang J, Jiang C, Song X, Wu H, Zhang J, Raza SHA, Zhang L, Zhang L, Cai B, Wang X, Reng ZL, Ma Y, Wei D. FOXO1 regulates the formation of bovine fat by targeting CD36 and STEAP4. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:126025. [PMID: 37506793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Intramuscular fat content is closely related to the quality of beef, where the forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) is involved in adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism, but the specific mechanism of its involvement is still unclear. In this study, interfering with FOXO1 promoted the G1/S transformation of bovine adipocytes by enhancing the expression of proliferation marker genes PCNA, CDK1, CDK2, CCNA2, CCNB1, and CCNE2, thereby positively regulating the proliferation of bovine adipocytes. Additionally, interfering with FOXO1 negatively regulated the expression of adipogenic differentiation marker genes PPARG and CEBPA, as well as lipid anabolism marker genes ACC, FASN, SCD1, SREBP1, FABP4, ACSL1, LPL, and DGAT1, thus reducing triglyceride (TG) content and inhibiting the generation of lipid droplets in bovine adipocytes. A combination of transcriptomic and metabolomics analyses revealed that FOXO1 could regulate the lipogenesis of cattle by influencing the AMPK and PI3K/AKT pathways. Importantly, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and site-directed mutagenesis revealed that FOXO1 could regulate bovine lipogenesis by binding to the promoter regions of the CD36 and STEAP4 genes and affecting their transcriptional activities. These results provide a foundation for studying the role and molecular mechanism of FOXO1 in the bovine adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jiupan Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Hao Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Institute of Physical Education, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China
| | - Lingkai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Bei Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Xingping Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Zhuoma Luo Reng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Yun Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Dawei Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750021, China.
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Shao J, Wang M, Zhang A, Liu Z, Jiang G, Tang T, Wang J, Jia X, Lai S. Interference of a mammalian circRNA regulates lipid metabolism reprogramming by targeting miR-24-3p/Igf2/PI3K-AKT-mTOR and Igf2bp2/Ucp1 axis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:252. [PMID: 37587272 PMCID: PMC11071982 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04899-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) is important for regulating the whole systemic energy homeostasis. Excessive WAT accumulation further contributes to the development of obesity and obesity-related illnesses. More detailed mechanisms for WAT lipid metabolism reprogramming, however, are still elusive. Here, we report the abnormally high expression of a circular RNA (circRNA) mmu_circ_0001874 in the WAT and liver of mice with obesity. mmu_circ_0001874 interference achieved using a specific adeno-associated virus infects target tissues, down-regulating lipid accumulation in the obesity mice WAT, and liver tissues. Mechanistically, miR-24-3p directly interacts with the lipid metabolism effect of mmu_circ_0001874 and participates in adipogenesis and lipid accumulation by targeting Igf2/PI3K-AKT-mTOR axis. Moreover, mmu_circ_0001874 binds to Igf2bp2 to interact with Ucp1, up-regulating Ucp1 translation and increasing thermogenesis to decrease lipid accumulation. In conclusion, our data highlight a physiological role for circRNA in lipid metabolism reprogramming and suggest mmu_circ_0001874/miR-24-3p/Igf2/PI3K-AKT-mTOR and mmu_circ_0001874/Igf2bp2/Ucp1 axis may represent a potential mechanism for controlling lipid accumulation in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Shao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Meigui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Anjing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zheliang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Genglong Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Tao Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xianbo Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Songjia Lai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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18
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Chan CW, Lin BF. Folate Deficiency Enhanced Inflammation and Exacerbated Renal Fibrosis in High-Fat High-Fructose Diet-Fed Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:3616. [PMID: 37630806 PMCID: PMC10458828 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing simultaneously and rapidly worldwide. Our previous study showed that folate deficiency increased lipid accumulation and leptin production of adipocytes. Whether folate plays a role in CKD, particularly obesity-related nephropathy remains unclear. To investigate the effects of folate deficiency on CKD in diet-induced obese mice, four groups of male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a normal-fat diet (NF) with folate (NF+f); NF without folate (NF-f); high-fat high-fructose diet (HFF) with folate (HFF+f); or HFF without folate (HFF-f) for 12 months during the study. The results showed that HFF increased not only body weight, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and blood pressure, but also cytokines levels, such as interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-17A/F, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. The indicators of kidney failure including urinary protein, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), renal type I and IV collagen deposits and leptin content, and serum creatinine were also increased by HFF. Folate-deficient diets further elevated serum TC, LDL-cholesterol, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, MCP-1, TGF-β1, and leptin, but decreased IL-10 level, and thus exacerbated renal fibrosis. To investigate the possible mechanisms of folate deficiency on renal injury, phosphorylation of pro-fibrosis signaling molecules, including signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 and small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad)2/3, were assayed. Both HFF and folate deficiency significantly increased the phosphorylation of STAT3 and Smad2/3, suggesting synergistic effects of HFF-f on chronic renal inflammation and fibrosis. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that folate deficiency might aggravate inflammatory status and enhance renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bi-Fong Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
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19
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Pappalardo I, Santarsiero A, Radice RP, Martelli G, Grassi G, de Oliveira MR, Infantino V, Todisco S. Effects of Extracts of Two Selected Strains of Haematococcus pluvialis on Adipocyte Function. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1737. [PMID: 37629594 PMCID: PMC10455862 DOI: 10.3390/life13081737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, microalgae are arousing considerable interest as a source of countless molecules with potential impacts in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical fields. Haematococcus pluvialis, also named Haematococcus lacustris, is the largest producer of astaxanthin, a carotenoid exhibiting powerful health effects, including anti-lipogenic and anti-diabetic activities. This study was carried out to investigate the properties of two selected strains of H. pluvialis (FBR1 and FBR2) on lipid metabolism, lipolysis and adipogenesis using an in vitro obesity model. FBR1 and FBR2 showed no antiproliferative effect at the lowest concentration in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Treatment with FBR2 extract reduced lipid deposition, detected via Oil Red O staining and the immunocontent of the adipogenic proteins PPARγ, ACLY and AMPK was revealed using Western blot analysis. Extracts from both strains induced lipolysis in vitro and reduced the secretion of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. Moreover, the FBR1 and FBR2 extracts improved mitochondrial function, reducing the levels of mitochondrial superoxide anion radical and increasing mitochondrial mass compared to untreated adipocytes. These findings suggest that FBR2 extract, more so than FBR1, may represent a promising strategy in overweight and obesity prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Pappalardo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.P.); (A.S.); (R.P.R.); (G.M.)
| | - Anna Santarsiero
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.P.); (A.S.); (R.P.R.); (G.M.)
| | - Rosa Paola Radice
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.P.); (A.S.); (R.P.R.); (G.M.)
- Bioinnova Srls, Via Ponte Nove Luci, 22, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Martelli
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.P.); (A.S.); (R.P.R.); (G.M.)
| | - Giulia Grassi
- School of Agriculture, University of Basilicata, Forest, Food and Environmental Sciences, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy;
| | - Marcos Roberto de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica Rua Ramiro Barcelos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 2600 Anexo Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre 90610-000, RS, Brazil;
| | - Vittoria Infantino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.P.); (A.S.); (R.P.R.); (G.M.)
| | - Simona Todisco
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.P.); (A.S.); (R.P.R.); (G.M.)
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20
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Laget J, Cortijo I, Boukhaled JH, Muyor K, Duranton F, Jover B, Raynaud F, Lajoix AD, Argilés À, Gayrard N. Cafeteria Diet-Induced Obesity Worsens Experimental CKD. Nutrients 2023; 15:3331. [PMID: 37571269 PMCID: PMC10421241 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a significant risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of obesity on the development of kidney fibrosis in a model of cafeteria diet rats undergoing 5/6th nephrectomy (SNx). Collagen 1, 3, and 4 expression, adipocyte size, macrophage number, and the expression of 30 adipokines were determined. Collagen 1 expression in kidney tissue was increased in Standard-SNx and Cafeteria-SNx (7.1 ± 0.6% and 8.9 ± 0.9 tissue area, respectively). Renal expression of collagen 3 and 4 was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in Cafeteria-SNx (8.6 ± 1.5 and 10.9 ± 1.9% tissue area, respectively) compared to Cafeteria (5.2 ± 0.5 and 6.3 ± 0.6% tissue area, respectively). Adipocyte size in eWAT was significantly increased by the cafeteria diet. In Cafeteria-SNx, we observed a significant increase in macrophage number in the kidney (p = 0.01) and a consistent tendency in eWAT. The adipokine level was higher in the Cafeteria groups. Interleukin 11, dipeptidyl peptidase 4, and serpin 1 were increased in Cafeteria-SNx. In the kidney, collagen 3 and 4 expressions and the number of macrophages were increased in Cafeteria-SNx, suggesting an exacerbation by preexisting obesity of CKD-induced renal inflammation and fibrosis. IL11, DPP4, and serpin 1 can act directly on fibrosis and participate in the observed worsening CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Laget
- RD-Néphrologie, 34090 Montpellier, France; (J.L.); (I.C.); (J.H.B.); (K.M.); (F.D.); (B.J.); (À.A.)
| | - Irene Cortijo
- RD-Néphrologie, 34090 Montpellier, France; (J.L.); (I.C.); (J.H.B.); (K.M.); (F.D.); (B.J.); (À.A.)
| | - Juliana H. Boukhaled
- RD-Néphrologie, 34090 Montpellier, France; (J.L.); (I.C.); (J.H.B.); (K.M.); (F.D.); (B.J.); (À.A.)
| | - Karen Muyor
- RD-Néphrologie, 34090 Montpellier, France; (J.L.); (I.C.); (J.H.B.); (K.M.); (F.D.); (B.J.); (À.A.)
| | - Flore Duranton
- RD-Néphrologie, 34090 Montpellier, France; (J.L.); (I.C.); (J.H.B.); (K.M.); (F.D.); (B.J.); (À.A.)
| | - Bernard Jover
- RD-Néphrologie, 34090 Montpellier, France; (J.L.); (I.C.); (J.H.B.); (K.M.); (F.D.); (B.J.); (À.A.)
| | - Fabrice Raynaud
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France;
| | - Anne-Dominique Lajoix
- Biocommunication in Cardio-Metabolism (BC2M), University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France;
| | - Àngel Argilés
- RD-Néphrologie, 34090 Montpellier, France; (J.L.); (I.C.); (J.H.B.); (K.M.); (F.D.); (B.J.); (À.A.)
| | - Nathalie Gayrard
- RD-Néphrologie, 34090 Montpellier, France; (J.L.); (I.C.); (J.H.B.); (K.M.); (F.D.); (B.J.); (À.A.)
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21
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Ru W, Zhang S, Liu J, Liu W, Huang B, Chen H. Non-Coding RNAs and Adipogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9978. [PMID: 37373126 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipogenesis is regarded as an intricate network in which multiple transcription factors and signal pathways are involved. Recently, big efforts have focused on understanding the epigenetic mechanisms and their involvement in the regulation of adipocyte development. Multiple studies investigating the regulatory role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in adipogenesis have been reported so far, especially lncRNA, miRNA, and circRNA. They regulate gene expression at multiple levels through interactions with proteins, DNA, and RNA. Exploring the mechanism of adipogenesis and developments in the field of non-coding RNA may provide a new insight to identify therapeutic targets for obesity and related diseases. Therefore, this article outlines the process of adipogenesis, and discusses updated roles and mechanisms of ncRNAs in the development of adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Ru
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Sihuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Jianyong Liu
- Yunnan Academy of Grassland and Animal Science, Kunming 650212, China
| | - Wujun Liu
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Bizhi Huang
- Yunnan Academy of Grassland and Animal Science, Kunming 650212, China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
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22
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Fang L, Ohashi K, Hayakawa S, Ogawa H, Otaka N, Kawanishi H, Takikawa T, Ozaki Y, Takahara K, Tatsumi M, Takefuji M, Shimizu Y, Bando YK, Fujishima Y, Maeda N, Shimomura I, Murohara T, Ouchi N. Adipolin protects against renal injury via PPARα-dependent reduction of inflammasome activation. iScience 2023; 26:106591. [PMID: 37250342 PMCID: PMC10214396 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Although chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health problem worldwide, its underlining mechanism is incompletely understood. We previously identified adipolin as an adipokine which provides benefits for cardiometabolic diseases. Here, we investigated the role of adipolin in the development of CKD. Adipolin-deficiency exacerbated urinary albumin excretion, tubulointerstitial fibrosis and oxidative stress of remnant kidneys in mice after subtotal nephrectomy through inflammasome activation. Adipolin positively regulated the production of ketone body, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and expression of a catalytic enzyme producing BHB, HMGCS2 in the remnant kidney. Treatment of proximal tubular cells with adipolin attenuated inflammasome activation through the PPARα/HMGCS2-dependent pathway. Furthermore, systemic administration of adipolin to wild-type mice with subtotal nephrectomy ameliorated renal injury, and these protective effects of adipolin were diminished in PPARα-deficient mice. Thus, adipolin protects against renal injury by reducing renal inflammasome activation through its ability to induce HMGCS2-dependent ketone body production via PPARα activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoko Hayakawa
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hayato Ogawa
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoya Otaka
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawanishi
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Takikawa
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuta Ozaki
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Takahara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Minako Tatsumi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mikito Takefuji
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuuki Shimizu
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuko K. Bando
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuya Fujishima
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norikazu Maeda
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Iichiro Shimomura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Ouchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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23
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Au-Yeung KKW, Shang Y, Wijerathne CUB, Madduma Hewage S, Siow YL, O K. Acute Kidney Injury Induces Oxidative Stress and Hepatic Lipid Accumulation through AMPK Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040883. [PMID: 37107258 PMCID: PMC10135179 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) often impairs the function of other organs leading to distant organ injury. The liver is the major organ that regulates metabolism and lipid homeostasis in the body. It has been reported that AKI causes liver injury with increased oxidative stress, inflammatory response and steatosis. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms by which ischemia-reperfusion-induced AKI caused hepatic lipid accumulation. Kidney ischemia (45 min)-reperfusion (24 h) led to a significant increase in plasma creatinine and transaminase in Sprague Dawley rats, indicating kidney and liver injury. Histological and biochemical analyses revealed hepatic lipid accumulation with a significant elevation of triglyceride and cholesterol levels in the liver. This was accompanied by a decreased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, indicating the reduced activation of AMPK, which is an energy sensor that regulates lipid metabolism. The expression of AMPK-regulated genes that were responsible for fatty acid oxidation (CPTIα, ACOX) was significantly decreased, while the expression of lipogenesis genes (SREPB-1c, ACC1) was significantly elevated. The oxidative stress biomarker malondialdehyde was elevated in the plasma and liver. Incubation of HepG2 cells with an oxidative stress inducer hydrogen peroxide inhibited AMPK phosphorylation and caused cellular lipid accumulation. This was accompanied by decreased expression of genes responsible for fatty acid oxidation and increased expression of genes responsible for lipogenesis. These results suggest that AKI elicits hepatic lipid accumulation through decreased fatty acid metabolism and increased lipogenesis. Oxidative stress may contribute, in part, to the downregulation of the AMPK signaling pathway leading to hepatic lipid accumulation and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy K. W. Au-Yeung
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Yue Shang
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Charith U. B. Wijerathne
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Susara Madduma Hewage
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Yaw L. Siow
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
| | - Karmin O
- St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
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24
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A novel clinical diagnostic marker predicting the relationship between visceral adiposity and renal function evaluated by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in the Chinese physical examination population. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:32. [PMID: 36871015 PMCID: PMC9985259 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01783-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The effect of body fat deposition on the kidney has received increasing attention. The Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) is an important indicator of recent research. The purpose of this study was to explore the predictive value of CVAI and other organ obesity indicators in predicting CKD in Chinese residents. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional study of 5355 subjects was performed. First, the study utilized locally estimated scatterplot smoothing to describe the dose-response relationship between the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and CVAI. The L1-penalized least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression algorithm was used for covariation screening, and the correlation between CVAI and eGFR was quantified using multiple logistic regression. At the same time, the diagnostic efficiency of CVAI and other obesity indicators was evaluated by ROC curve analysis. RESULTS CVAI and eGFR were negatively correlated. Using group one as the control, an odds ratio (OR) was calculated to quantify CVAI quartiles (ORs of Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 2.21, 2.99, and 4.42, respectively; P for trend < 0.001). CVAI had the maximum area under the ROC curve compared with other obesity indicators, especially in the female population (AUC: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.71-0.76). CONCLUSIONS CVAI is closely linked to renal function decline and has certain reference value for the screening of CKD patients, particularly in women.
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Omentin-1 Levels and Outcomes in Incident Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. Kidney Med 2023; 5:100598. [PMID: 36852091 PMCID: PMC9958401 DOI: 10.1016/j.xkme.2023.100598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale & Objective Omentin-1 is an adipokine with anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties. The objective of this study was to determine the prognostic role of plasma omentin-1 levels in incident peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Study Design Retrospective analysis of prospective cohort. Setting & Participants 152 incident PD patients. Predictors Plasma omentin-1 level, adipose tissue omentin-1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. Outcomes Patient survival, technique survival, hospital admission, and duration of stay. Analytical Approach Time-to-event survival analyses; linear regression for hospitalization. Results The mean age was 58.4 ± 11.7 years; 102 were men, and 92 had diabetes. There was no significant correlation between plasma omentin-1 level and its adipose tissue mRNA expression. A higher plasma omentin-1 level quartile was not associated with patient survival (P = 0.92) or technique survival (P = 0.83) but had a modest correlation with a lower number of hospital admissions (P = 0.07) and shorter duration of hospital stay (P = 0.04). In adjusted models using multivariable linear regression, a higher plasma omentin-1 level quartile remained significantly associated with fewer hospital admissions (β, -0.13; 95% CI, -0.26 to -0.002; P = 0.05) and shorter hospitalization duration (β, -0.20; 95% CI, -0.38 to -0.02; P = 0.03). Limitations Observational study with baseline measures only. Conclusions Plasma omentin-1 level was not associated with patient survival, technique survival, or peritonitis, but higher plasma omentin-1 levels were associated with fewer hospital admissions and shorter duration of hospitalization among incident PD patients.
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Pan J, Yin J, Gan L, Xue J. Two-sided roles of adipose tissue: Rethinking the obesity paradox in various human diseases from a new perspective. Obes Rev 2023; 24:e13521. [PMID: 36349390 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity, as a result of excess fat accumulation, have become a worldwide public health issue. Recent studies have shown that obesity is closely related to many human diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, in which adipose tissue plays a dual role. In addition to thermal and mechanical insulation and a critical role in energy storage and heat production, adipose tissue is also a highly plastic endocrine and signaling organ that secretes multiple bioactive molecules for inter-organ crosstalk. The phenotypic and biological changes of adipose tissue under pathological conditions, especially in obesity, increase the challenge of deciphering the positive or negative effects of adipose tissue in disease. Despite numerous studies on obesity and adipose tissue, the ambiguous role of adipose tissue on specific organs or tissues in different diseases is not fully understood, and the definite mechanisms remain obscure. In this review, we first summarize the basic biological characteristics of adipose tissue in the physiological state and the abnormal remodeling of adipose tissue during obesity. We then discuss the complex and disparate effects of obesity on various human diseases, with a particular focus on the dual roles and underlying mechanisms of adipose tissue, a quintessential player in obesity, in this process. More importantly, rethinking the causes of the "obesity paradox" phenomenon in diseases from the perspective of adipose homeostasis and dysfunction provides a novel strategy for disease treatment by intervening in fat function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Pan
- Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianqiong Yin
- Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Gan
- Research Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianxin Xue
- Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Than WH, Chan GCK, Kwan BCH, Lai KB, Chan RCK, Teoh JYC, Ng JKC, Fung WWS, Chow KM, Cheng PMS, Law MC, Li PKT, Szeto CC. Circulating and Adipose Tissue Adiponectin Level and Outcomes in Incident Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. Kidney Med 2022; 5:100589. [PMID: 36793851 PMCID: PMC9922972 DOI: 10.1016/j.xkme.2022.100589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale & Objective Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Adiponectin, a key adipokine, is related to obesity and insulin resistance. We determined the clinical and prognostic value of plasma adiponectin level and its adipose tissue messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in new PD patients. Study Design Retrospective analysis of a prospective observational study. Setting & Participants 152 new PD patients from a single center; 6 adults undergoing abdominal surgeries without kidney disease served as controls. Predictors Plasma adiponectin level and its adipose tissue mRNA expression. Outcomes Body build and composition, patient and technique survival. Analytical Approach Adiponectin level and mRNA expression were grouped in quartiles for correlation analysis for body build and Cox regression for survival analysis. Results The median plasma adiponectin level was 31.98 μg/mL (IQR, 16.81-49.49 μg/mL), and adiponectin mRNA expression in adipose tissue was 1.65 times higher than in controls (IQR, 0.98-2.63). There was a modest but statistically significant correlation between plasma adiponectin and its adipose tissue mRNA expression (r = 0.40, P < 0.001). Plasma adiponectin level inversely correlated with body mass index, waist-hip ratio, mid-arm circumference, adipose tissue mass, plasma triglyceride (r = -0.39, -0.38, -0.41, -0.38, and -0.30, respectively; P < 0.001 for all), as well as serum insulin level (r = -0.24, P = 0.005). Similar correlations were present but less marked with adipose tissue adiponectin mRNA level. Neither plasma adiponectin level nor adipose tissue adiponectin mRNA level predicted patient or technique survival. Limitations Observational study, single center, single baseline measurement. Conclusions Plasma adiponectin level correlated with the degree of adiposity in new PD patients. However, neither plasma adiponectin level nor its adipose tissue mRNA expression was an independent prognostic indicator in kidney failure patients newly started on PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Win Hlaing Than
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences (LiHS), Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gordon Chun-Kau Chan
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bonnie Ching-Ha Kwan
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Bik Lai
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ronald Cheong-Kin Chan
- Department of Anatomical & Cellular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jeromy Yuen Chun Teoh
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jack Kit-Chung Ng
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Winston Wing-Shing Fung
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai-Ming Chow
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Phyllis Mei-Shan Cheng
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man-Ching Law
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Philip Kam-Tao Li
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheuk-Chun Szeto
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences (LiHS), Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,Address for Correspondence: Cheuk-Chun Szeto, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China.
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Abdollahi M, Kato M, Lanting L, Wang M, Tunduguru R, Natarajan R. Role of miR-379 in high-fat diet-induced kidney injury and dysfunction. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 323:F686-F699. [PMID: 36227097 PMCID: PMC9705025 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00213.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased risk for diabetes and damage to the kidneys. Evidence suggests that miR-379 plays a role in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease. However, its involvement in obesity-induced kidney injury is not known and was therefore investigated in this study by comparing renal phenotypes of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed wild-type (WT) and miR-379 knockout (KO) mice. Male and female WT mice on the HFD for 10 or 24 wk developed obesity, hyperinsulinemia, and kidney dysfunction manifested by albuminuria and glomerular injuries. However, these adverse alterations in HFD-fed WT mice were significantly ameliorated in HFD-fed miR-379 KO mice. HFD feeding increased glomerular expression of miR-379 and decreased its target gene, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) degradation enhancing α-mannosidase-like protein 3 (Edem3), a negative regulator of ER stress. Relative to the standard chow diet-fed controls, expression of profibrotic transforming growth factor-β1 (Tgf-β1) was significantly increased, whereas Zeb2, which encodes ZEB2, a negative regulator of Tgf-β1, was decreased in the glomeruli in HFD-fed WT mice. Notably, these changes as well as HFD-induced increased expression of other profibrotic genes, glomerular hypertrophy, and interstitial fibrosis in HFD-fed WT mice were attenuated in HFD-fed miR-379 KO mice. In cultured primary glomerular mouse mesangial cells (MMCs) isolated from WT mice, treatment with high insulin (mimicking hyperinsulinemia) increased miR-379 expression and decreased its target, Edem3. Moreover, insulin also upregulated Tgf-β1 and downregulated Zeb2 in WT MMCs, but these changes were significantly attenuated in MMCs from miR-379 KO mice. Together, these experiments revealed that miR-379 deletion protects mice from HFD- and hyperinsulinemia-induced kidney injury at least in part through reduced ER stress.NEW & NOTEWORTHY miR-379 knockout mice are protected from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced kidney damage through key miR-379 targets associated with ER stress (Edem3). Mechanistically, treatment of mesangial cells with insulin (mimicking hyperinsulinemia) increased expression of miR-379, Tgf-β1, miR-200, and Chop and decreases Edem3. Furthermore, TGF-β1-induced fibrotic genes are attenuated by a GapmeR targeting miR-379. The results implicate a miR-379/EDEM3/ER stress/miR-200c/Zeb2 signaling pathway in HFD/obesity/insulin resistance-induced renal dysfunction. Targeting miR-379 with GapmeRs can aid in the treatment of obesity-induced kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Abdollahi
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Mitsuo Kato
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Linda Lanting
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Ragadeepthi Tunduguru
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Rama Natarajan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
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29
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Is bariatric surgery improving mitochondrial function in the renal cells of patients with obesity-induced kidney disease? Pharmacol Res 2022; 185:106488. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Novel Insights in the Physiopathology and Management of Obesity-Related Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193937. [PMID: 36235590 PMCID: PMC9572176 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is recognized as an independent risk factor for the development of kidney disease, which has led to the designation of obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG). Common renal features observed in this condition include glomerular hypertrophy, glomerulosclerosis, haemodynamic changes and glomerular filtration barrier defects. Additionally, and although less studied, obesity-related kidney disease also involves alterations in renal tubules, including tubule hypertrophy, lipid deposition and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Although not completely understood, the harmful effects of obesity on the kidney may be mediated by different mechanisms, with alterations in adipose tissue probably playing an important role. An increase in visceral adipose tissue has classically been associated with the development of kidney damage, however, recent studies point to adipose tissue surrounding the kidney, and specifically to the fat within the renal sinus, as potentially involved in the development of ORG. In addition, new strategies for the treatment of patients with obesity-related kidney disease are focusing on the management of obesity. In this regard, some non-invasive options, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists or sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, are being considered for application in the clinic, not only for patients with diabetic kidney disease but as a novel pharmacological strategy for patients with ORG. In addition, bariatric surgery stands as one of the most effective options, not only for weight loss but also for the improvement of kidney outcomes in obese patients with chronic kidney disease.
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31
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Zhu Q, Zhu Y, Hepler C, Zhang Q, Park J, Gliniak C, Henry GH, Crewe C, Bu D, Zhang Z, Zhao S, Morley T, Li N, Kim DS, Strand D, Deng Y, Robino JJ, Varlamov O, Gordillo R, Kolonin MG, Kusminski CM, Gupta RK, Scherer PE. Adipocyte mesenchymal transition contributes to mammary tumor progression. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111362. [PMID: 36103820 PMCID: PMC9533474 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased cancer incidence and progression. However, the relationship between adiposity and cancer remains poorly understood at the mechanistic level. Here, we report that adipocytes from tumor-invasive mammary fat undergo de-differentiation to fibroblast-like precursor cells during tumor progression and integrate into the tumor microenvironment. Single-cell sequencing reveals that these de-differentiated adipocytes lose their original identities and transform into multiple cell types, including myofibroblast- and macrophage-like cells, with their characteristic features involved in immune response, inflammation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. The de-differentiated cells are metabolically distinct from tumor-associated fibroblasts but exhibit comparable effects on tumor cell proliferation. Inducing de-differentiation by Xbp1s overexpression promotes tumor progression despite lower adiposity. In contrast, promoting lipid-storage capacity in adipocytes through MitoNEET overexpression curbs tumor growth despite greater adiposity. Collectively, the metabolic interplay between tumor cells and adipocytes induces adipocyte mesenchymal transition and contributes to reconfigure the stroma into a more tumor-friendly microenvironment. Zhu et al. report that in mammary tumors, adipocytes undergo metabolic reprograming and de-differentiation. They acquire myofibroblast- and macrophage-like features, a process referred to as “adipocyte mesenchymal transition,” which modifies the tumor microenvironment via ECM remodeling and activation of the immune response and likely contributes to tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhang Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yi Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chelsea Hepler
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Qianbin Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Christy Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Gervaise H Henry
- Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Dawei Bu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zhuzhen Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Thomas Morley
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Na Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Dae-Seok Kim
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Douglas Strand
- Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yingfeng Deng
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jacob J Robino
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Oleg Varlamov
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Disease, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rana K Gupta
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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Ortega-Avila JG, García-Muñoz H, Segura Ordoñez A, Salazar Contreras BC. Sexual dimorphism of leptin and adiposity in children between 0 and 10 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biol Sex Differ 2022; 13:47. [PMID: 36064746 PMCID: PMC9446796 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-022-00454-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Differences in adolescents and adults by sex in blood levels of leptin and adiposity have been described; however, it is not yet clear if these differences arise from the prepubertal stage in subjects with a normal-weight. Therefore, we examine whether there are differences by sex in levels of blood leptin and adiposity in children with a normal-weight between 0 and 10 years old. Methods Search strategy: eligible studies were obtained from three electronic databases (Ovid, Embase and LILACS) and contact with experts. Selection criteria: healthy children up to 10 years of age with normal-weight according to age. Data collection and analyses: data were extracted by four independent reviewers using a predesigned data collection form. For the analysis, we stratified according to age groups (newborns, 0.25–0.5 years, 3–5.9 years, 6–7.9 years, 8–10 years). The statistical analysis was performed in the R program. Results Of the initially identified 13,712 records, 21 were selected in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The sex was associated with the overall effect on blood leptin (pooled MD = 1.72 ng/mL, 95% CI: 1.25–2.19) and body fat percentage (pooled MD = 3.43%, 95% CI: 2.53–4.33), being both higher in girls. This finding was consistent in the majority of age groups. Conclusion The results of our meta-analyses support the sexual dimorphism in circulating blood leptin and body fat percentage between girls and boys with normal-weight from prepuberty. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13293-022-00454-y. Differences by sex in blood leptin and body fat percentage in children are present before 10 years old Girls have higher circulating leptin and body fat percentage than boys The sex differences in blood leptin and adiposity in children increase progressively with the age
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Guillermo Ortega-Avila
- Grupo de Investigación de Ciencias Básicas y Clínicas de la Salud, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Seccional-Cali, Cali, Colombia. .,Grupo de investigación Salud y Movimiento, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia.
| | - Harry García-Muñoz
- Grupo de investigación Salud y Movimiento, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia.,Grupo de Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Segura Ordoñez
- Grupo de investigación Salud y Movimiento, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia.,Grupo de Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Blanca C Salazar Contreras
- Grupo de investigación Salud y Movimiento, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia.,Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
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Laucyte-Cibulskiene A, Nilsson PM, Engström G, Christensson A. Increased fat mass index is associated with decreased glomerular filtration rate estimated from cystatin C. Data from Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271638. [PMID: 35862349 PMCID: PMC9302820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to describe associations of obesity and CKD in a Swedish urban population. The impact of fat mass, from bioimpedance analysis, on eGFR based on cystatin C and/or creatinine is studied. Methods 5049 participants from Malmö Diet and Cancer Study the cardiovascular arm (MDCS‐CV) with available body mass composition (single frequency bioimpedance analysis) and cystatin C measured at baseline were selected. Body mass index (kg/m2) was used to define overweight/obesity. eGFR was calculated using cystatin C (eGFRCYS) and creatinine (eGFRCR) equations: Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration 2012 (CKD-EPICR, CKD-EPICYS, CKD-EPICR-CYS), eGFRCYS based on Caucasian, Asian, pediatric, and adult cohorts (CAPA), the Lund-Malmö revised equation (LMrev), and Modified Full Age Spectrum creatinine-based equation (EKFCCR). Two different fat mass index (FMI) z-scores were calculated: FMI z-scoreLarsson and FMI z-scoreLee. Results Lower eGFRCYS and eGFRCR-CYS following multiple adjustments were prevalent in overweight/obese subjects. Increase in FMI z-scoreLarsson or FMI z-scoreLee was related to decrease in predicted CAPA, CKD-EPICYS, CKD-EPICR-CYS and CAPA-LMrev equation. Conclusion eGFRCYS, in contrast to combined eGFRCR-CYS and eGFRCR, demonstrate the strongest association between FMI and kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agne Laucyte-Cibulskiene
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nephrology, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Peter M. Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anders Christensson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nephrology, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Guo Z, Yang H, Zhang JR, Zeng W, Hu X. Leptin receptor signaling sustains metabolic fitness of alveolar macrophages to attenuate pulmonary inflammation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo3064. [PMID: 35857512 PMCID: PMC9286500 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo3064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are critical mediators of pulmonary inflammation. Given the unique lung tissue environment, whether there exist AM-specific mechanisms that control inflammation is not known. Here, we found that among various tissue-resident macrophage populations, AMs specifically expressed Lepr, encoding receptor for a key metabolic hormone leptin. AM-intrinsic Lepr signaling attenuated pulmonary inflammation in vivo, manifested as subdued acute lung injury yet compromised host defense against Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Lepr signaling protected AMs from necroptosis and thus constrained neutrophil recruitment and tissue damage secondary to release of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1α. Mechanistically, Lepr signaling sustained activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in a Ca2+ influx-dependent manner and rewired cellular metabolism, thus preventing excessive lipid droplet formation and overloaded metabolic stress in a lipid-rich alveolar microenvironment. In conclusion, our results defined AM-expressed Lepr as a metabolic checkpoint of pulmonary inflammation and exemplified a macrophage tissue adaptation strategy for maintenance of immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Guo
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haoqi Yang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing-Ren Zhang
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenwen Zeng
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China
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35
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Ng JKC, Than WH, Szeto CC. Obesity, Weight Gain, and Fluid Overload in Peritoneal Dialysis. FRONTIERS IN NEPHROLOGY 2022; 2:880097. [PMID: 37675033 PMCID: PMC10479638 DOI: 10.3389/fneph.2022.880097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a global epidemic that has a complicated pathogenesis as well as impact on the outcome of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. In this review, the prevalence of obesity in incident PD patients as well as the phenomenon of new-onset glucose intolerance after PD will be reviewed. Published literature on the effect of obesity on the survival and incidence of cardiovascular disease in PD patients will be discussed. Particular emphasis would be put on literature that compared the impact of obesity on the outcome of hemodialysis and PD, and the confounding effect of dialysis adequacy. Next, the complex concept of obesity and its relevance for PD will be explored. The focus would be put on the methods of assessment and clinical relevance of central versus general obesity, as well as visceral versus subcutaneous adipose tissue. The relation between obesity and systemic inflammation, as well as the biological role of several selected adipokines will be reviewed. The confounding effects of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance will be discussed, followed by the prevalence and prognostic impact of weight gain during the first few years of PD. The differences between weight gain due to fluid overload and accumulation of adipose tissue will be discussed, followed by the current literature on the change in body composition after patients are put on chronic PD. The methods of body composition will be reviewed, and the clinical relevance of individual body component (fluid, fat, muscle, and bone) will be discussed. The review will conclude by highlighting current gaps of knowledge and further research directions in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Kit-Chung Ng
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Win Hlaing Than
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences (LiHS), Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cheuk Chun Szeto
- Carol & Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences (LiHS), Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Lin L, Tan W, Pan X, Tian E, Wu Z, Yang J. Metabolic Syndrome-Related Kidney Injury: A Review and Update. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:904001. [PMID: 35813613 PMCID: PMC9261267 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.904001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) includes visceral obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. The prevalence of MetS is 20-25%, which is an important risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). MetS causes effects on renal pathophysiology, including glomerular hyperfiltration, RAAS, microalbuminuria, profibrotic factors and podocyte injury. This review compares several criteria of MetS and analyzes their differences. MetS and the pathogenesis of CKD includes insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction. The intervention of MetS-related renal damage is the focus of this article and includes controlling body weight, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia, requiring all components to meet the criteria. In addition, interventions such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, gut microbiota, body metabolism, appetite inhibition, podocyte apoptosis, and mesenchymal stem cells are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Xianfeng Pan
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing Kaizhou District People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - En Tian
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhifeng Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
| | - Jurong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Gener Hospital), Chongqing, China
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Yuan Q, Tang B, Zhang C. Signaling pathways of chronic kidney diseases, implications for therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:182. [PMID: 35680856 PMCID: PMC9184651 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic renal dysfunction syndrome that is characterized by nephron loss, inflammation, myofibroblasts activation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Lipotoxicity and oxidative stress are the driving force for the loss of nephron including tubules, glomerulus, and endothelium. NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, MAPK signaling, PI3K/Akt signaling, and RAAS signaling involves in lipotoxicity. The upregulated Nox expression and the decreased Nrf2 expression result in oxidative stress directly. The injured renal resident cells release proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines to recruit immune cells such as macrophages from bone marrow. NF-κB signaling, NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, JAK-STAT signaling, Toll-like receptor signaling, and cGAS-STING signaling are major signaling pathways that mediate inflammation in inflammatory cells including immune cells and injured renal resident cells. The inflammatory cells produce and secret a great number of profibrotic cytokines such as TGF-β1, Wnt ligands, and angiotensin II. TGF-β signaling, Wnt signaling, RAAS signaling, and Notch signaling evoke the activation of myofibroblasts and promote the generation of ECM. The potential therapies targeted to these signaling pathways are also introduced here. In this review, we update the key signaling pathways of lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and myofibroblasts activation in kidneys with chronic injury, and the targeted drugs based on the latest studies. Unifying these pathways and the targeted therapies will be instrumental to advance further basic and clinical investigation in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ben Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Cavalheiro EKFF, Costa AB, Salla DH, da Silva MR, Mendes TF, da Silva LE, Turatti CDR, de Bitencourt RM, Rezin GT. Cannabis sativa as a Treatment for Obesity: From Anti-Inflammatory Indirect Support to a Promising Metabolic Re-Establishment Target. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2022; 7:135-151. [PMID: 34242511 PMCID: PMC9070748 DOI: 10.1089/can.2021.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Obesity is defined as an excess of accumulation of fat that can be harmful to health. Storage of excess fat in the adipose tissue triggers an inflammatory process, which makes obesity a low-grade chronic inflammatory disease. Obesity is considered a complex and multifactorial disease; hence, no intervention strategy appears to be an ideal treatment for all individuals. Therefore, new therapeutic alternatives are often studied for the treatment of this disease. Currently, herbal medicines are gaining ground in the treatment of obesity and its comorbidities. In this context, much attention is being paid to Cannabis sativa derivatives, and their therapeutic functions are being widely studied, including in treating obesity. Objective: Highlight the pharmacological properties of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabidinol (THC), and cannabidiol (CBD), the predominant isolated components of Cannabis sativa, as well as its therapeutic potential in the treatment of obesity. Methods: This is a narrative review that shows the existing scientific evidence on the clinical application of Cannabis sativa as a possible treatment for obesity. Data collection was performed in the PubMed electronic database. The following word combinations were used: Cannabis and obesity, Cannabis sativa and obesity, THCV and obesity, THC and obesity, CBD and obesity, and Cannabis sativa and inflammation. Results: Evidence shows that Cannabis sativa derivatives have therapeutic potential due to their anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, people who use cannabis have a lower body mass index than those who do not, making the plant an option to reduce and reverse inflammation and comorbidities in obesity. Conclusion: It is concluded that phytocannabinoids derived from Cannabis sativa have therapeutic potential due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties, making the plant a study option to reduce and reverse inflammation and comorbidities associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Beatriz Costa
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Daniéle Hendler Salla
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Mariella Reinol da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Talita Farias Mendes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Larissa Espindola da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Cristini da Rosa Turatti
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Rafael Mariano de Bitencourt
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
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Czaja-Stolc S, Potrykus M, Stankiewicz M, Kaska Ł, Małgorzewicz S. Pro-Inflammatory Profile of Adipokines in Obesity Contributes to Pathogenesis, Nutritional Disorders, and Cardiovascular Risk in Chronic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071457. [PMID: 35406070 PMCID: PMC9002635 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a disease which leads to the development of many other disorders. Excessive accumulation of lipids in adipose tissue (AT) leads to metabolic changes, including hypertrophy of adipocytes, macrophage migration, changes in the composition of immune cells, and impaired secretion of adipokines. Adipokines are cytokines produced by AT and greatly influence human health. Obesity and the pro-inflammatory profile of adipokines lead to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) through different mechanisms. In obesity and adipokine profile, there are gender differences that characterize the male gender as more susceptible to metabolic disorders accompanying obesity, including impaired renal function. The relationship between impaired adipokine secretion and renal disease is two-sided. In the developed CKD, the concentration of adipokines in the serum is additionally disturbed due to their insufficient excretion by the excretory system caused by renal pathology. Increased levels of adipokines affect the nutritional status and cardiovascular risk (CVR) of patients with CKD. This article aims to systematize the current knowledge on the influence of obesity, AT, and adipokine secretion disorders on the pathogenesis of CKD and their influence on nutritional status and CVR in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Czaja-Stolc
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.S.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-(58)-349-27-24
| | - Marta Potrykus
- Department of General, Endocrine and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.P.); (Ł.K.)
| | - Marta Stankiewicz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Łukasz Kaska
- Department of General, Endocrine and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.P.); (Ł.K.)
| | - Sylwia Małgorzewicz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.S.); (S.M.)
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Herrlich A, Kefaloyianni E, Rose-John S. Mechanisms of interorgan crosstalk in health and disease. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:529-533. [PMID: 35288939 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Herrlich
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eirini Kefaloyianni
- Division of Nephrology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Department of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Germany
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Sleeve gastrectomy in subjects with severe obesity and baseline chronic kidney disease improves kidney function independently of weight loss. A propensity score matched analysis. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2022; 18:772-778. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Cheng Z, Xiong X, Zhou Y, Wu F, Shao Q, Dong R, Liu Q, Li L, Chen G. 6-gingerol ameliorates metabolic disorders by inhibiting hypertrophy and hyperplasia of adipocytes in high-fat-diet induced obese mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 146:112491. [PMID: 34896967 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accumulating studies revealed that 6-gingerol, a compound extracted mainly from ginger, treats obesity by preventing hyperlipidemia in vivo induced by high-fat-diet (HFD). The present study intends to further evaluate the efficacy of 6-gingerol in the treatment of obesity and investigate its potential mechanism. METHODS Obese mice were established by HFD induction. Bioinformatic analysis was used to predict the possible pathways enrolled by the application of 6-gingerol. Body weight and the levels of blood glucose and lipids were examined and analyzed for the evaluation of the therapeutic effect of 6-gingerol. The size and amounts as well as the status of adipocytes were determined by histological staining. The expression levels of related proteins in adipose tissue were assessed by immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescent staining, and Western blot analysis. In addition, the expression levels of related mRNA were assessed by RT-qPCR. RESULTS HFD induced obesity was significantly curbed by 6-gingerol treatment. Here inhibition mechanism of 6-gingerol is demonstrated on excessive hypertrophy and hyperplasia of adipocytes in white adipose tissue (WAT), which may be related to the regulation of adipocytokines, such as PPARγ, C/EBPα, FABP4 and adiponectin, and the TLR3/IL-6/JAK1/STAT3 axis. Moreover, 6-gingerol treatment suppressed the expressions of IL-1β and CD68 in the liver and AKT/INSR/IRS-1 in epididymal WAT. CONCLUSION The results suggested that 6-gingerol could alleviate metabolic inflammation in the liver and insulin resistance to treat obesity. The mechanism is mainly involved in the inhibition of excessive hypertrophy and hyperplasia of adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Cheng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xinyu Xiong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qingqing Shao
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ruolan Dong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lingli Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Pu'ai Hospital, Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430033, China.
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Guo J, Wu J, Wei D, Wang T, Hu Y, Lin Y, Chen M, Yang L, Wen Y, Cai Y, Xu X, Li H, Wu S, Xie X. Association between greenness and dyslipidemia in patients with coronary heart disease: A proteomic approach. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 231:113199. [PMID: 35042090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Residential surrounding greenness may be protective of dyslipidemia are often theorized but remain poorly quantified. In particular, the underlying biological mechanisms of blood lipid changes with green spaces remain unclear. METHODS Our observational epidemiology study included a residentially stable sample of 1035 coronary heart disease patients, and proteomics study included 16 participants. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was used to evaluate residential greenness exposures. Proteomics technology was used to identify plasma greenness-related proteome disturbance, and the pathway analysis was employed to evaluate the potential biological mechanisms of greenness decreasing dyslipidemia risk. RESULT Higher residential surrounding greenness in the 500-m area was associated with lower risks of dyslipidemia (odds ratio (OR) = 0.871, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.763, 0.994 for per one-quartile NDVI increase). Lymphocytes mediated 18.7% of the association between greenness and dyslipidemia. Greenness related proteins (including PLXDC1, IGFBP2 and LY6D) may regulate the biological functions of lipid metabolism and transport-related proteins (including ADIPOQ and CES1) through a series of biological processes. CONCLUSION People in greener surroundings have a lower risk of dyslipidemia, which may be due to their lower inflammation, stronger lipid transporter activity, and normal cholesterol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jieyu Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Donghong Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Tinggui Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yuduan Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yawen Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Mingjun Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Le Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yeyin Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yingying Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Xingyan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Huanyuan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Siying Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Xiaoxu Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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Deus LAD, Corrêa HDL, Neves RVP, Reis AL, Honorato FS, Araújo TBD, Souza MK, Haro AS, Silva VL, Barbosa JMDS, Padula IA, Andrade RV, Simões HG, Prestes J, Stone WJ, Melo GF, Rosa TS. Metabolic and hormonal responses to chronic blood-flow restricted resistance training in chronic kidney disease: a randomized trial. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2022; 47:183-194. [PMID: 35062832 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of glycemic and lipemic homeostasis can limit the progression of diabetic kidney disease. Resistance training (RT) is effective in controlling glycemia and lipemia in kidney disease; however, the effect of RT with blood flow restriction (RT+BFR) on these metabolic factors has not been investigated. We aimed to verify if chronic (6 months) RT and RT+BFR performed by patients with stage-2 chronic kidney disease (CKD) improves their glycemic homeostasis and immunometabolic profiles. Patients with CKD under conservative treatment (n = 105 (33 females)) from both sexes were randomized into control (n = 35 (11 females); age 57.6 ± 5.2 years), RT (n = 35 (12 females); age 58.0 ± 6.2 years), and RT+BFR (n = 35 (10 females); 58.0 ± 6.4 years) groups. Chronic RT or RT+BFR (6 months) was performed 3 times per week on non-consecutive days with training loading adjusted every 2 months, RT 50%-60%-70% of 1RM, and RT+BFR 30%-40%+50% of 1RM and fixed repetition number. Renal function was estimated with the glomerular filtration rate and serum albumin level. Metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory assessments were analyzed from blood samples. Six months of RT and RT+BFR were similarly effective in improving glucose homeostasis and hormone mediators of glucose uptake (e.g., irisin, adiponectin, and sirtuin-1), decreasing pro-inflammatory and fibrotic proteins, and attenuating the progression of estimated glomerular filtration rate. Thus, RT+BFR can be considered an additional exercise modality to be included in the treatment of patients with stage 2 chronic kidney disease. Trial registration number: U1111-1237-8231. URL: http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-3gpg5w/, no. RBR-3gpg5w. Novelty: Glycemic regulation induced by resistance training prevents the progression of CKD. Chronic RT and RT+BFR promote similar changes in glycemic regulation. RT and RT+BFR can be considered as non-pharmacological tools for the treatment of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lysleine Alves de Deus
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | - Hugo de Luca Corrêa
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Andrea Lucena Reis
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | - Fernando Sousa Honorato
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Michel Kendy Souza
- Department of Nephrology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson Sola Haro
- Department of Nephrology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Victor Lopes Silva
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rosângela Vieira Andrade
- Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | - Herbert Gustavo Simões
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | - Jonato Prestes
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | - Whitley J Stone
- School of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport, Western Kentucky University, KY, USA
| | - Gislane Ferreira Melo
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
| | - Thiago Santos Rosa
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasília (UCB), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil
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Zhao L, Zou Y, Bai L, Zhou L, Ren H, Wu Y, Wang Y, Li S, Su Q, Tang L, Zhao Y, Xu H, Li L, Chai Z, Cooper ME, Tong N, Zhang J, Liu F. Prognostic value of metabolic syndrome in renal structural changes in type 2 diabetes. Int Urol Nephrol 2022; 54:2005-2014. [PMID: 35043385 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-021-03051-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the prognostic value of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its relationship with renal structure changes in patients with type 2 diabetes and associated diabetic nephropathy (DN). METHODS 411 Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes and biopsy-confirmed DN were enrolled in this retrospective study. MetS was defined according to the modified criteria of the 2005 International Diabetes Federation. Baseline demographics and clinical information at the time of renal biopsy were extracted from the hospital's electronic medical records system. Renal pathological findings were assessed according to Renal Pathology Society system. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to define the pathological covariates associated with MetS. A competing risk model, with death as the competing risk, was used to estimate the sub-distribution hazard ratio (SHR) of MetS for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). RESULTS 224 (55%) patients had MetS. Patients with MetS had poor renal function and more severe interstitial fibrosis tubular atrophy scores (IFTA) than those without MetS. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that IFTA was significantly associated with MetS (odds ratio per score increase 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-2.05). Of the patients with DN at risk, 40% of patients progressed to ESKD. After adjusting for renal function and pathological parameters, the presence of MetS was an independent predictor for progression to ESKD (SHR 1.93, 95% CI 1.34-2.79). The SHRs for progression to ESKD also increased as the number of MetS components increased. Additionally, adding the IFTA scores improved the prognostic power of a model that only contained MetS and clinical covariates for predicting future ESKD. CONCLUSION MetS is an independent prognostic predictor of ESKD in patients with T2D and DN, while adding the IFTA scores increased the prognostic value of MetS for renal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory of Diabetic Kidney Disease, Centre of Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of General Practice, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yutong Zou
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory of Diabetic Kidney Disease, Centre of Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Bai
- Histology and Imaging Platform, Core Facility of West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Histology and Imaging Platform, Core Facility of West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Honghong Ren
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory of Diabetic Kidney Disease, Centre of Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yucheng Wu
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory of Diabetic Kidney Disease, Centre of Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiting Wang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory of Diabetic Kidney Disease, Centre of Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuangqing Li
- Division of General Practice, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiaoli Su
- Division of General Practice, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linqiao Tang
- Histology and Imaging Platform, Core Facility of West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuancheng Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory of Diabetic Kidney Disease, Centre of Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Division of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Li
- Division of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhonglin Chai
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark E Cooper
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nanwei Tong
- Division of Endocrinology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Histology and Imaging Platform, Core Facility of West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. .,Laboratory of Diabetic Kidney Disease, Centre of Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Kidney Damage Caused by Obesity and Its Feasible Treatment Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020747. [PMID: 35054932 PMCID: PMC8775419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of obesity worldwide has made it a major health problem, while the dramatic increase in the prevalence of obesity has had a significant impact on the magnitude of chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially in developing countries. A vast amount of researchers have reported a strong relationship between obesity and chronic kidney disease, and obesity can serve as an independent risk factor for kidney disease. The histological changes of kidneys in obesity-induced renal injury include glomerular or tubular hypertrophy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis or bulbous sclerosis. Furthermore, inflammation, renal hemodynamic changes, insulin resistance and lipid metabolism disorders are all involved in the development and progression of obesity-induced nephropathy. However, there is no targeted treatment for obesity-related kidney disease. In this review, RAS inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors and melatonin would be presented to treat obesity-induced kidney injury. Furthermore, we concluded that melatonin can protect the kidney damage caused by obesity by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress, revealing its therapeutic potential.
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Sanz-Lamora H, Marrero PF, Haro D, Relat J. A Mixture of Pure, Isolated Polyphenols Worsens the Insulin Resistance and Induces Kidney and Liver Fibrosis Markers in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:120. [PMID: 35052623 PMCID: PMC8772794 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic with severe metabolic consequences. Polyphenols are secondary metabolites in plants and the most abundant dietary antioxidants, which possess a wide range of health effects. The most relevant food sources are fruit and vegetables, red wine, black and green tea, coffee, virgin olive oil, and chocolate, as well as nuts, seeds, herbs, and spices. The aim of this work was to evaluate the ability of a pure, isolated polyphenol supplementation to counteract the pernicious metabolic effects of a high-fat diet (HFD). Our results indicated that the administration of pure, isolated polyphenols under HFD conditions for 26 weeks worsened the glucose metabolism in diet-induced obese mice. The data showed that the main target organ for these undesirable effects were the kidneys, where we observed fibrotic, oxidative, and kidney-disease markers. This work led us to conclude that the administration of pure polyphenols as a food supplement would not be advisable. Instead, the ingestion of complete "whole" foods would be the best way to get the health effects of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hèctor Sanz-Lamora
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (H.S.-L.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety Research, University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Pedro F. Marrero
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (H.S.-L.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Haro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (H.S.-L.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (IBUB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joana Relat
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain; (H.S.-L.); (P.F.M.)
- Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety Research, University of Barcelona (INSA-UB), E-08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBER-OBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
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Arabi T, Shafqat A, Sabbah BN, Fawzy NA, Shah H, Abdulkader H, Razak A, Sabbah AN, Arabi Z. Obesity-related kidney disease: Beyond hypertension and insulin-resistance. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1095211. [PMID: 36726470 PMCID: PMC9884830 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1095211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) causes considerable morbidity, mortality, and health expenditures worldwide. Obesity is a significant risk factor for CKD development, partially explained by the high prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension in obese patients. However, adipocytes also possess potent endocrine functions, secreting a myriad of cytokines and adipokines that contribute to insulin resistance and induce a chronic low-grade inflammatory state thereby damaging the kidney. CKD development itself is associated with various metabolic alterations that exacerbate adipose tissue dysfunction and insulin resistance. This adipose-renal axis is a major focus of current research, given the rising incidence of CKD and obesity. Cellular senescence is a biologic hallmark of aging, and age is another significant risk factor for obesity and CKD. An elevated senescent cell burden in adipose tissue predicts renal dysfunction in animal models, and senotherapies may alleviate these phenotypes. In this review, we discuss the direct mechanisms by which adipose tissue contributes to CKD development, emphasizing the potential clinical importance of such pathways in augmenting the care of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Arabi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Tarek Arabi,
| | - Areez Shafqat
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Hassan Shah
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Adhil Razak
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ziad Arabi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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He ZY, Gu X, Du LJ, Hu X, Zhang XX, Yang LJ, Li YQ, Li J, Pan LY, Yang B, Gu XJ, Lin XL. Neck-to-height ratio is positively associated with diabetic kidney disease in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1100354. [PMID: 36704030 PMCID: PMC9871585 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1100354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of neck circumference (NC) and neck-to-height (NHR) with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 2,615 patients with prevalent T2DM were enrolled. NHR was calculated through NC (cm) divided by height (cm), and prevalent DKD was defined as the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥ 30 mg/g or the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 in the absence of other primary kidney diseases. RESULTS The levels of NC and NHR were higher in DKD patients compared with non-DKD patients (38.22 vs. 37.71, P = 0.003; 0.232 vs. 0.227, P < 0.001, respectively). After full adjustments, individuals at the highest tertile of NHR had higher odds of DKD than those at the lowest tertile (multivariate-adjusted OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.22, 2.18), but this association was not pronounced with NC (multivariate-adjusted OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 0.87, 1.76). Individuals at the highest tertile of NHR had lower eGFR (β = -4.64, 95% CI: -6.55, -2.74) and higher UACR levels (β = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.45) than those at the lowest tertile. The adverse association between NHR and prevalent DKD remained statistically significant among most of the subgroups analyzed and no interaction effects were observed. CONCLUSION The increase in NHR was adversely and independently associated with DKD in this Chinese T2DM population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ying He
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao Gu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lin-Jia Du
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xing-Xing Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Li-Juan Yang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ying-Qian Li
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lin-Yu Pan
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Institute of Lipids Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xue-Jiang Gu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Institute of Lipids Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiu-Li Lin, ; Xue-Jiang Gu,
| | - Xiu-Li Lin
- Department of Infection, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiu-Li Lin, ; Xue-Jiang Gu,
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Koch VH. Obesity Facts and Their Influence on Renal Function Across the Life Span. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:704409. [PMID: 34869407 PMCID: PMC8632716 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.704409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease, with a rapidly increasing prevalence worldwide. Body mass index (BMI) provides the most useful population-level measure of overweight and obesity. For adults, overweight is defined as a BMI (Kg/m2) ≥ 25, and obesity as a BMI ≥ 30, for non-Asians and ≥ 27.5 for Asians. Abdominal obesity can be defined as a waist circumference equal to or higher than 102 cm for men and ≥88 cm for women. The definition of children and adolescents BMI changes with age and sex. Obesity may be exogenous or endogenous obesity, the latter is multifactorial and predominantly manifested during childhood. Presently, overweight and obesity are linked to more deaths worldwide than underweight. The total kidney glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is determined by the sum of nephrons and the GFR within each nephron or single nephron GFR. In clinical practice, GFR is more frequently calculated by GFR estimating equations based upon the plasma levels of creatinine, cystatin C, or both. The measured value of plasma creatinine is strongly influenced by non-GFR factors, by its tubular and gastrointestinal secretion, and by the problems associated with the lack of standardization of creatinine's laboratory assay discrediting it as an ideal GFR biomarker. Unlike creatinine, cystatin C plasma levels are mainly determined by GFR. Obesity may affect the kidney, via development of systemic arterial hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus, or directly, by ectopic accumulation of adipose tissue in the kidney. As obesity is a clinical condition associated with altered body composition, creatinine may not be the ideal biomarker for GFR measurement in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera H Koch
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Instituto da Criança e do Adolescente do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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