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May CK, Noble PW, Herzog EL, Meffre E, Hansen JE. Nuclear-penetrating scleroderma autoantibody inhibits topoisomerase 1 cleavage complex formation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 720:150123. [PMID: 38759301 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The contributions of anti-Topoisomerase 1 (Top1) autoantibodies to the pathophysiology of diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc), the most aggressive scleroderma subtype, are unknown. Top1 catalyzes DNA relaxation and unwinding in cell nuclei, a site previously considered inaccessible to antibodies. The discovery of autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus that penetrate nuclei and inhibit DNA repair raised the possibility that nuclear-penetrating autoantibodies contribute to mechanisms of autoimmunity. Here we show that an anti-Top1 autoantibody produced by a single B cell clone from a patient with dcSSc penetrates live cells and localizes into nuclei. Functionally, the autoantibody inhibits formation of the Top1 cleavage complex necessary for DNA nicking, which distinguishes it from cytotoxic camptothecin Top1 inhibitors used in cancer therapy that trap the cleavage complex rather than preventing its formation. Discovery of a patient-derived cell-penetrating scleroderma anti-Top1 autoantibody that inhibits Top1 cleavage complex formation supports the hypothesis that anti-Top1 autoantibodies contribute to cellular dysfunction in dcSSc and offers a valuable antibody reagent resource for future studies on anti-Top1 autoantibody contributions to scleroderma pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher K May
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, 15 York St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Philip W Noble
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, 15 York St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Erica L Herzog
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 300 Cedar St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Eric Meffre
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, 300 Cedar St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA; Section of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, 300 Cedar St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - James E Hansen
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, 15 York St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA; Yale Cancer Center, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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2
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Köhler D, Leiss V, Beichert L, Killinger S, Grothe D, Kushwaha R, Schröter A, Roslan A, Eggstein C, Focken J, Granja T, Devanathan V, Schittek B, Lukowski R, Weigelin B, Rosenberger P, Nürnberg B, Beer-Hammer S. Targeting Gα i2 in neutrophils protects from myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Basic Res Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00395-024-01057-x. [PMID: 38811421 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-024-01057-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils are not only involved in immune defense against infection but also contribute to the exacerbation of tissue damage after ischemia and reperfusion. We have previously shown that genetic ablation of regulatory Gαi proteins in mice has both protective and deleterious effects on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (mIRI), depending on which isoform is deleted. To deepen and analyze these findings in more detail the contribution of Gαi2 proteins in resident cardiac vs circulating blood cells for mIRI was first studied in bone marrow chimeras. In fact, the absence of Gαi2 in all blood cells reduced the extent of mIRI (22,9% infarct size of area at risk (AAR) Gnai2-/- → wt vs 44.0% wt → wt; p < 0.001) whereas the absence of Gαi2 in non-hematopoietic cells increased the infarct damage (66.5% wt → Gnai2-/- vs 44.0% wt → wt; p < 0.001). Previously we have reported the impact of platelet Gαi2 for mIRI. Here, we show that infarct size was substantially reduced when Gαi2 signaling was either genetically ablated in neutrophils/macrophages using LysM-driven Cre recombinase (AAR: 17.9% Gnai2fl/fl LysM-Cre+/tg vs 42.0% Gnai2fl/fl; p < 0.01) or selectively blocked with specific antibodies directed against Gαi2 (AAR: 19.0% (anti-Gαi2) vs 49.0% (IgG); p < 0.001). In addition, the number of platelet-neutrophil complexes (PNCs) in the infarcted area were reduced in both, genetically modified (PNCs: 18 (Gnai2fl/fl; LysM-Cre+/tg) vs 31 (Gnai2fl/fl); p < 0.001) and in anti-Gαi2 antibody-treated (PNCs: 9 (anti-Gαi2) vs 33 (IgG); p < 0.001) mice. Of note, significant infarct-limiting effects were achieved with a single anti-Gαi2 antibody challenge immediately prior to vessel reperfusion without affecting bleeding time, heart rate or cellular distribution of neutrophils. Finally, anti-Gαi2 antibody treatment also inhibited transendothelial migration of human neutrophils (25,885 (IgG) vs 13,225 (anti-Gαi2) neutrophils; p < 0.001), collectively suggesting that a therapeutic concept of functional Gαi2 inhibition during thrombolysis and reperfusion in patients with myocardial infarction should be further considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Köhler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Veronika Leiss
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Beichert
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Simon Killinger
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniela Grothe
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ragini Kushwaha
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Agnes Schröter
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna Roslan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Eggstein
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jule Focken
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tiago Granja
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vasudharani Devanathan
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, 517507, India
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bettina Weigelin
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Multiscale Immunoimaging, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Rosenberger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Nürnberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Beer-Hammer
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany.
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Jeong J, Usman M, Li Y, Zhou XZ, Lu KP. Pin1-Catalyzed Conformation Changes Regulate Protein Ubiquitination and Degradation. Cells 2024; 13:731. [PMID: 38727267 PMCID: PMC11083468 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The unique prolyl isomerase Pin1 binds to and catalyzes cis-trans conformational changes of specific Ser/Thr-Pro motifs after phosphorylation, thereby playing a pivotal role in regulating the structure and function of its protein substrates. In particular, Pin1 activity regulates the affinity of a substrate for E3 ubiquitin ligases, thereby modulating the turnover of a subset of proteins and coordinating their activities after phosphorylation in both physiological and disease states. In this review, we highlight recent advancements in Pin1-regulated ubiquitination in the context of cancer and neurodegenerative disease. Specifically, Pin1 promotes cancer progression by increasing the stabilities of numerous oncoproteins and decreasing the stabilities of many tumor suppressors. Meanwhile, Pin1 plays a critical role in different neurodegenerative disorders via the regulation of protein turnover. Finally, we propose a novel therapeutic approach wherein the ubiquitin-proteasome system can be leveraged for therapy by targeting pathogenic intracellular targets for TRIM21-dependent degradation using stereospecific antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Jeong
- Departments of Biochemistry and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (J.J.)
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Departments of Biochemistry and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (J.J.)
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Yitong Li
- Departments of Biochemistry and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (J.J.)
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Xiao Zhen Zhou
- Departments of Biochemistry and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (J.J.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Western University, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Kun Ping Lu
- Departments of Biochemistry and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (J.J.)
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
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Wang L, Zhang Q, Shi N, Wang J, Song S, Yang H, Chen X. Case report: Synchronous tumors of the female reproductive tract in systemic lupus erythematosus: report of two cases and review of the literature. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1322598. [PMID: 38450194 PMCID: PMC10915755 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1322598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects multiple systems. Patients with SLE are prone to a variety of malignancies, especially neoplasms of the female reproductive tract. Synchronous tumors, considered to involve multiple sites, are rare in the female reproductive tract. There are hardly any reports of SLE with synchronous reproductive tract tumors. Case presentation We report the occurrence of two to three reproductive tract tumors in two women with SLE. A 52-year-old woman was diagnosed with vulvar cancer and cervical cancer. Another woman, aged 67, was diagnosed with concurrent vulvar cancer, vaginal cancer, and cervical cancer and also presented with a suspected lung cancer. Conclusion The presence of synchronous tumors of the reproductive tract in patients with SLE is uncommon and can be easily disregarded. It is crucial to highlight that SLE patients with multiple primary malignancies exhibit notable late-stage presentation at the time of diagnosis, inadequate disease-free survival, poor overall survival, rapid progression rates, and mortality. Consequently, greater awareness must be raised regarding synchronous reproductive tract tumors in patients with SLE. Regular comprehensive cancer screening and management should be implemented for individuals diagnosed with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nan Shi
- Department of TCM Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxi Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Song
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Huadi Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingbei Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
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Brufatto MZ, Lanças SHS, de Albuquerque Pedrosa Fernandes T, Sallum AME, Campos LMA, Sakamoto AP, Terreri MT, Sztajnbok FR, Bica BERG, Ferriani VPL, de Carvalho LM, Silva CAA, Saad-Magalhaes C. Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) and malignancy: a nationwide multicentre series review. Adv Rheumatol 2024; 64:13. [PMID: 38321580 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-024-00353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased malignancy frequency is well documented in adult-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but with limited reports in childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) series. We explored the frequency of malignancy associated with cSLE, describing clinical and demographic characteristics, disease activity and cumulative damage, by the time of malignancy diagnosis. METHOD A retrospective case-notes review, in a nationwide cohort from 27 Pediatric Rheumatology centres, with descriptive biopsy-proven malignancy, disease activity/damage accrual, and immunosuppressive treatment were compiled in each participating centre, using a standard protocol. RESULTS Of the 1757 cSLE cases in the updated cohort, 12 (0.7%) developed malignancy with median time 10 years after cSLE diagnosis. There were 91% females, median age at cSLE diagnosis 12 years, median age at malignancy diagnosis 23 years. Of all diagnosed malignancies, 11 were single-site, and a single case with concomitant multiple sites; four had haematological (0.22%) and 8 solid malignancy (0.45%). Median (min-max) SLEDAI-2 K scores were 9 (0-38), median (min-max) SLICC/ACR-DI (SDI) score were 1 (1-5) Histopathology defined 1 Hodgkin's lymphoma, 2 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 1 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia; 4 gastrointestinal carcinoma, 1 squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and 1 anal carcinoma; 1 had sigmoid adenocarcinoma and 1 stomach carcinoid; 3 had genital malignancy, being 1 vulvae, 1 cervix and 1 vulvae and cervix carcinomas; 1 had central nervous system oligodendroglioma; and 1 testicle germ cell teratoma. CONCLUSION Estimated malignancy frequency of 0.7% was reported during cSLE follow up in a multicentric series. Median disease activity and cumulative damage scores, by the time of malignancy diagnoses, were high; considering that reported in adult series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Zanata Brufatto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Discipline of Rheumatology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sean Hideo Shirata Lanças
- Department of Internal Medicine, Discipline of Rheumatology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Maluf Elias Sallum
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Child and Adolescent Institute, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucia Maria Arruda Campos
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Child and Adolescent Institute, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Sakamoto
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Terreri
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Blanca Elena Rios Gomes Bica
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Virginia Paes Leme Ferriani
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Martins de Carvalho
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clovis Artur Almeida Silva
- Adolescent and Pediatric Rheumatology Units, Child and Adolescent Institute HC-FMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia Saad-Magalhaes
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Rekvig OP. The greatest contribution to medical science is the transformation from studying symptoms to studying their causes-the unrelenting legacy of Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur-and a causality perspective to approach a definition of SLE. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1346619. [PMID: 38361929 PMCID: PMC10867267 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1346619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The basic initiative related to this study is derived from the fact that systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a unique and fertile system science subject. We are, however, still far from understanding its nature. It may be fair to indicate that we are spending more time and resources on studying the complexity of classified SLE than studying the validity of classification criteria. This study represents a theoretical analysis of current instinctual SLE classification criteria based on "the causality principle." The discussion has its basis on the radical scientific traditions introduced by Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur. They announced significant changes in our thinking of disease etiology through the implementation of the modern version of "the causality principle." They influenced all aspects of today's medical concepts and research: the transformation of medical science from studies of symptoms to study their causes, relevant for monosymptomatic diseases as for syndromes. Their studies focused on bacteria as causes of infectious diseases and on how the immune system adapts to control and prevent contagious spreading. This is the most significant paradigm shift in the modern history of medicine and resulted in radical changes in our view of the immune system. They described acquired post-infection immunity and active immunization by antigen-specific vaccines. The paradigm "transformation" has a great theoretical impact also on current studies of autoimmune diseases like SLE: symptoms and their cause(s). In this study, the evolution of SLE classification and diagnostic criteria is discussed from "the causality principle" perspective, and if contemporary SLE classification criteria are as useful as believed today for SLE research. This skepticism is based on the fact that classification criteria are not selected based on cogent causal strategies. The SLE classification criteria do not harmonize with Koch's and Pasteur's causality principle paradigms and not with Witebsky's Koch-derived postulates for autoimmune and infectious diseases. It is not established whether the classification criteria can separate SLE as a "one disease entity" from "SLE-like non-SLE disorders"-the latter in terms of SLE imitations. This is discussed here in terms of weight, rank, and impact of the classification criteria: Do they all originate from "one basic causal etiology"? Probably not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Petter Rekvig
- Section for Autoimmunity, Fürst Medical Laboratory, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Soussan S, Pupier G, Cremer I, Joubert PE, Sautès-Fridman C, Fridman W, Sibéril S. Unraveling the complex interplay between anti-tumor immune response and autoimmunity mediated by B cells and autoantibodies in the era of anti-checkpoint monoclonal antibody therapies. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1343020. [PMID: 38318190 PMCID: PMC10838986 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1343020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The intricate relationship between anti-tumor immunity and autoimmunity is a complex yet crucial aspect of cancer biology. Tumor microenvironment often exhibits autoimmune features, a phenomenon that involves natural autoimmunity and the induction of humoral responses against self-antigens during tumorigenesis. This induction is facilitated by the orchestration of anti-tumor immunity, particularly within organized structures like tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS). Paradoxically, a significant number of cancer patients do not manifest autoimmune features during the course of their illness, with rare instances of paraneoplastic syndromes. This discrepancy can be attributed to various immune-mediated locks, including regulatory or suppressive immune cells, anergic autoreactive lymphocytes, or induction of effector cells exhaustion due to chronic stimulation. Overcoming these locks holds the risk to induce autoimmune mechanisms during cancer progression, a phenomenon notably observed with anti-immune checkpoint therapies, in contrast to more conventional treatments like chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Therefore, the challenge arises in managing immune-related adverse events (irAEs) induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors treatment, as decoupling them from the anti-tumor activity poses a significant clinical dilemma. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the link between B-cell driven anti-tumor responses and autoimmune reactions in cancer patients, and discusses the clinical implications of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sophie Sibéril
- Centre de recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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8
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Chizenga EP, Abrahamse H. Design and assembly of a nanoparticle, antibody, phthalocyanine scaffold for intracellular delivery of photosensitizer to human papillomavirus-transformed cancer cells. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 51:205-216. [PMID: 37083545 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2023.2199037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
In photodynamic therapy (PDT), internalization and uptake of the photosensitizer (PS) by the cells is a passive process that relies on the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect of tumour tissues due to their vasculature, increased LDL receptors, and decreased lymphatic drainage in vivo. But as worries about PDT resistance grow, using passive techniques to administer PSs is becoming less and less viable. According to reported resistance mechanisms, it is necessary to improve PS delivery by changing PS absorption and bioavailability in order to enhance the therapeutic outcome. Therefore, in this study, a multifunctional photosensitizing agent with specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to E6 oncoproteins was developed for PDT of human papillomavirus (HPV)-transformed cancer cells. Using PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles (PEGy-AuNP) at the core, anti-E6 mAbs and phthalocyanines were bound together. This compound demonstrated enhanced internalization of PS, resulting in enhanced PDT effects. In spite of being demonstrated in vitro, the substance in this work is intended for in vivo application, and conclusions are drawn to suggest possible outcomes for in vivo models based on observed data. By making PSs more bioavailable, facilitating their entry into cells, and preventing efflux through intracellular binding, this strategy may reduce cellular resistance to PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvin Peter Chizenga
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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9
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Hsu CH, Yu YL. The interconnected roles of TRIM21/Ro52 in systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjögren's syndrome, cancers, and cancer metabolism. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:289. [PMID: 37993883 PMCID: PMC10664372 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03143-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein tripartite motif-containing 21 (TRIM21/Ro52), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is an essential regulator of innate immunity, and its dysregulation is closely associated with the development of autoimmune diseases, predominantly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). TRIM21 /Ro52 also features anti-cancer and carcinogenic functions according to different malignancies. The interconnected role of TRIM21/Ro52 in regulating autoimmunity and cell metabolism in autoimmune diseases and malignancies is implicated. In this review, we summarize current findings on how TRIM21/Ro52 affects inflammation and tumorigenesis, and investigate the relationship between TRIM21/Ro52 expression and the formation of lymphoma and breast cancer in SLE and pSS populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chueh-Hsuan Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Luen Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Institute of Translational Medicine and New Drug Development, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan.
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10
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Feng X, Chang R, Zhu H, Yang Y, Ji Y, Liu D, Qin H, Yin J, Rong H. Engineering Proteins for Cell Entry. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:4868-4882. [PMID: 37708383 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Proteins are essential for life, as they participate in all vital processes in the body. In the past decade, delivery of active proteins to specific cells and organs has attracted increasing interest. However, most proteins cannot enter the cytoplasm due to the cell membrane acting as a natural barrier. To overcome this challenge, various proteins have been engineered to acquire cell-penetrating capacity by mimicking or modifying natural shuttling proteins. In this review, we provide an overview of the different types of engineered cell-penetrating proteins such as cell-penetrating peptides, supercharged proteins, receptor-binding proteins, and bacterial toxins. We also discuss some strategies for improving endosomal escape such as pore formation, the proton sponge effect, and hijacking intracellular trafficking pathways. Finally, we introduce some novel methods and technologies for designing and detecting engineered cell-penetrating proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruilong Chang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haichao Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yue Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Dingkang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hai Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Guizhou Hospital, No. 206, Sixian Street, Baiyun District, Guiyang, Guizhou 550014, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haibo Rong
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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11
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Lanke G, Songtanin B, Das K. Lupus Pancreatitis Masquerading as Pancreatic Cancer: A Rare Clinical Presentation. ACG Case Rep J 2023; 10:e01157. [PMID: 37753102 PMCID: PMC10519543 DOI: 10.14309/crj.0000000000001157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune multisystemic inflammatory disease. SLE-associated pancreatitis is uncommon, and pancreatic cancer in SLE is very rare. Imaging findings in SLE with pancreatitis can mimic malignancy. Endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration/biopsy can guide in the accurate diagnosis and management of SLE-associated pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gandhi Lanke
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX
| | - Busara Songtanin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX
| | - Kanak Das
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX
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12
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Zhao Q, Liu H, Yang W, Zhou Z, Yang Y, Jiang X, Yang H, Zhang F. Cancer occurrence after SLE: effects of medication-related factors, disease-related factors and survival from an observational study. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:659-667. [PMID: 35640117 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the survival and risk factors for cancer occurrence after SLE (SLE-CA). METHODS Patients with cancer diagnosed after SLE in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2006 and September 2017 were recruited and followed. Data regarding medication-related and disease-related factors and survival were collected and compared with matched controls. Logistic regressions were applied to identify risk factors. The Kaplan-Meier method with a log-rank test was performed to evaluate survival. RESULTS Forty-five SLE-CA patients and 128 controls were included, with the most common cancer site being the female genital system. SLE-CA patients were exposed to a higher cumulative dosage of CYC, with less mucocutaneous and haematologic involvement and higher anti-dsDNA positivity. At the time of cancer diagnosis, SLE-CA patients had lower SLEDAI 2000 (SLEDAI-2K), tended to achieve Definitions of Remission in SLE remission and minimal disease activity, but had higher SLICC/ACR Damage Index. Multivariable analysis identified high dosage of CYC [odds ratio (OR) 1.027, 95% CI 1.008, 1.046; P = 0.005] and low SLEDAI-2K at cancer diagnosis (OR 0.756, 95% CI 0.579, 0.986; P = 0.039) as risk factors. Mucocutaneous (OR 0.330, 95% CI 0.110, 0.991; P = 0.048) and haematologic involvement (OR 0.304, 95% CI 0.103, 0.902; P = 0.032) were negatively associated with cancer occurrence after SLE. The 5- and 10-year survival rates in SLE-CA patients were 95.2% and 92.1%, respectively. No significant difference of survival was observed between SLE-CA patients and controls (P = 0.177). CONCLUSION High dosage of CYC and disease-related factors (low SLEDAI-2K, less mucocutaneous and haematologic involvement) were related factors for cancer occurrence after SLE, while no survival difference was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory.,National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing
| | - Huazhen Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory.,National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing
| | - Wenfang Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei
| | - Ziyue Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory.,National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing
| | - Yiying Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory.,National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing
| | - Xu Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing.,Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huaxia Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory.,National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing
| | - Fengchun Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory.,National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing
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13
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Li LY, Kreye J, Burek M, Cordero-Gomez C, Barthel PC, Sánchez-Sendín E, Kornau HC, Schmitz D, Scharf M, Meybohm P, Reincke SM, Prüss H, Höltje M. Brain blood vessel autoantibodies in patients with NMDA and GABA A receptor encephalitis: identification of unconventional Myosin-X as target antigen. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1077204. [PMID: 36794262 PMCID: PMC9922905 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1077204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The antibody repertoire from CSF-derived antibody-secreting cells and memory B-cells in patients with encephalitis contains a considerable number of antibodies that do not target the disease-defining autoantigen such as the GABA or NMDA receptors. This study focuses on the functional relevance of autoantibodies to brain blood vessels in patients with GABAA and NMDA receptor encephalitis. Methods: We tested 149 human monoclonal IgG antibodies from the cerebrospinal fluid of six patients with different forms of autoimmune encephalitis on murine brain sections for reactivity to blood vessels using immunohistochemistry. Positive candidates were tested for reactivity with purified brain blood vessels, effects on transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), and expression of tight junction proteins as well as gene regulation using human brain microvascular endothelial hCMEC/D3 cells as in vitro blood-brain barrier model. One blood-vessel reactive antibody was infused intrathecally by pump injection in mice to study in vivo binding and effects on tight junction proteins such as Occludin. Target protein identification was addressed using transfected HEK293 cells. Results: Six antibodies reacted with brain blood vessels, three were from the same patient with GABAAR encephalitis, and the other three were from different patients with NMDAR encephalitis. One antibody from an NMDAR encephalitis patient, mAb 011-138, also reacted with cerebellar Purkinje cells. In this case, treatment of hCMEC/D3 cells resulted in decreased TEER, reduced Occludin expression, and mRNA levels. Functional relevance in vivo was confirmed as Occludin downregulation was observed in mAb 011-138-infused animals. Unconventional Myosin-X was identified as a novel autoimmune target for this antibody. Discussion: We conclude that autoantibodies to blood vessels occur in autoimmune encephalitis patients and might contribute to a disruption of the blood-brain barrier thereby suggesting a potential pathophysiological relevance of these antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Y. Li
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jakob Kreye
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Burek
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - César Cordero-Gomez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paula C. Barthel
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisa Sánchez-Sendín
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Christian Kornau
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schmitz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Neuroscience Research Center, Berlin, Germany,Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany,Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Madeleine Scharf
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, EUROIMMUN AG, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Patrick Meybohm
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - S. Momsen Reincke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Harald Prüss
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, Berlin, Germany,Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Höltje
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany,*Correspondence: Markus Höltje
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14
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Geng Z, Ye C, Zhu X. Malignancies in systemic rheumatic diseases: A mini review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1095526. [PMID: 36926334 PMCID: PMC10011115 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1095526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increased risk of malignancies in patients with many systemic rheumatic diseases, which negatively impact on their quality of life. The risk and types of malignancies can differ by the type of rheumatic diseases. Possible mechanisms linking them are dynamic and complicated, including chronic inflammation and damage in rheumatic disease, inability to clear oncogenic infections, shared etiology and some anti-rheumatic therapies. Although certain disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) have been proved to be potentially carcinogenic, the majority of them were not associated with increased risk of most malignancies in patients with systemic rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Geng
- Department of Hematology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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15
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Oral immune-mediated disorders with malignant potential/association: An overview. Dis Mon 2023; 69:101349. [PMID: 35337657 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2022.101349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A group of oral disorders or conditions, which may result from, or could be triggered by an abnormality in the normal immune response of an individual are known as oral immune-mediated disorders. Some of these disorders have malignant potential, while others are associated with malignancy. In this overview, we will discuss a few of the oral diseases (such as oral lichen planus, primary Sjogren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatitis herpetiformis, and linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis, to name a few), which are caused due to irregularity in the immune system and are either associated with malignancy or capable of undergoing malignant transforming, thereby increasing the morbidity and mortality rate.
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16
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Salek M, Hosseini Hooshiar S, Salek M, Poorebrahimi M, Jafarnejad S. Omega-3 fatty acids: Current insights into mechanisms of action in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2023; 32:7-22. [PMID: 36433776 DOI: 10.1177/09612033221140724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is one of the autoimmune diseases characterized by the lack of self-tolerance and the formation of immune complexes and nuclear autoantigens resulting in inflammation in multiple organs. Nowadays, the major aim of SLE therapy is the control of disease activity. However, the biological heterogeneity between patients and the absence of safe and specific targeted treatments complicate the lupus management. Therefore, the potential prophylactic effects of natural therapy considering the potential side effects of classical pharmacology, also the role of diet therapy in decreasing co-morbidities and improving quality of life in SLE patients could be a promising approach to SLE disease. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) are one of the agents that are considered for their preventive and therapeutic properties in disease activity of SLE and the related complications. The intake of omega-3 PUFAs likely has a direct relationship with improvements in inflammatory, cardiovascular, depressive, and neuromotor symptoms of the patients. The current review summarizes clinical and preclinical studies with comprehensive insights into the mechanisms of action of omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3 FAs) in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus to provide an update on the negative and positive aspects of the intake of omega-3 FAs in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Salek
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, 440827Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Hosseini Hooshiar
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, 48462Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Salek
- Department of Medicine, 201564Islamic Azad University Najafabad Branch, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Poorebrahimi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, 48462Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sadegh Jafarnejad
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, 48462Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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17
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Alsaleh G, Richter FC, Simon AK. Age-related mechanisms in the context of rheumatic disease. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2022; 18:694-710. [PMID: 36329172 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-022-00863-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is characterized by a progressive loss of cellular function that leads to a decline in tissue homeostasis, increased vulnerability and adverse health outcomes. Important advances in ageing research have now identified a set of nine candidate hallmarks that are generally considered to contribute to the ageing process and that together determine the ageing phenotype, which is the clinical manifestation of age-related dysfunction in chronic diseases. Although most rheumatic diseases are not yet considered to be age related, available evidence increasingly emphasizes the prevalence of ageing hallmarks in these chronic diseases. On the basis of the current evidence relating to the molecular and cellular ageing pathways involved in rheumatic diseases, we propose that these diseases share a number of features that are observed in ageing, and that they can therefore be considered to be diseases of premature or accelerated ageing. Although more data are needed to clarify whether accelerated ageing drives the development of rheumatic diseases or whether it results from the chronic inflammatory environment, central components of age-related pathways are currently being targeted in clinical trials and may provide a new avenue of therapeutic intervention for patients with rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Alsaleh
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Botnar Research Centre, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Felix C Richter
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna K Simon
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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18
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Ma H, Murphy C, Loscher CE, O’Kennedy R. Autoantibodies - enemies, and/or potential allies? Front Immunol 2022; 13:953726. [PMID: 36341384 PMCID: PMC9627499 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.953726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies are well known as potentially highly harmful antibodies which attack the host via binding to self-antigens, thus causing severe associated diseases and symptoms (e.g. autoimmune diseases). However, detection of autoantibodies to a range of disease-associated antigens has enabled their successful usage as important tools in disease diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. There are several advantages of using such autoantibodies. These include the capacity to measure their presence very early in disease development, their stability, which is often much better than their related antigen, and the capacity to use an array of such autoantibodies for enhanced diagnostics and to better predict prognosis. They may also possess capacity for utilization in therapy, in vivo. In this review both the positive and negative aspects of autoantibodies are critically assessed, including their role in autoimmune diseases, cancers and the global pandemic caused by COVID-19. Important issues related to their detection are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ma
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caroline Murphy
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Richard O’Kennedy
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
- Research, Development and Innovation, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
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19
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Wan A, Zhao WD, Tao JH. Causal effects of systemic lupus erythematosus on endometrial cancer: A univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study. Front Oncol 2022; 12:930243. [PMID: 36263221 PMCID: PMC9575983 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.930243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been observationally associated with endometrial cancer, but the causality remains unclear. Here, we investigated for the first time the causal links between SLE and endometrial cancer risk.MethodsUnivariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted to disentangle the causality of SLE with endometrial cancer. Apart from the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary MR estimate, three complementary MR techniques including weighted median, weighted mode, and MR-Egger regression in univariable MR were conducted to clarify the robustness of the causal estimate and mediation effects of the body mass index (BMI) and were investigated within multivariable MR-IVW and MR-Egger analyses.ResultsAll univariable MR analyses consistently suggested that SLE has a protective effect on the risk of overall endometrial cancer (IVW: OR = 0.956, 95% CI = 0.932-0.981, P = 0.001) and endometrioid endometrial cancer (IVW: OR = 0.965, 95% CI = 0.933-0.999, P = 0.043). More compelling, after adjustment for BMI within the multivariable MR setting, the association between SLE and decreased risk of overall endometrial cancer was significantly stronger (IVW: OR = 0.952, 95% CI = 0.931-0.973, P = 9.58E-06).ConclusionsOur findings provide evidence of a significant causal relationship between SLE and decreased endometrial cancer risk. Further understanding of the underlying mechanisms linking SLE with endometrial cancer is therefore needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Wan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Jin-Hui Tao, ; Wei-Dong Zhao,
| | - Jin-Hui Tao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Jin-Hui Tao, ; Wei-Dong Zhao,
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20
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Hardenbergh D, Molina E, Naik R, Geetha D, Chaturvedi S, Timlin H. Factors mediating cancer risk in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2022; 31:1285-1295. [PMID: 36059254 DOI: 10.1177/09612033221122163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at an elevated risk for certain cancers compared to the population at large. Cancers seen at higher rates in the SLE population include hematologic malignancies, such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and cancers of the lung and thyroid. SLE patients also have a decreased risk for certain malignancies, such as breast cancer, melanoma, and prostate cancer. We review the literature on risk factors for malignancy in patients with SLE and discuss the exogenous and innate factors that are thought to contribute to the unique pattern of cancer risk observed in this patient population. These risk factors are important for providers of SLE patients to understand in order to maintain high clinical suspicion and detect malignancy as soon as possible. Further research is needed to determine the most effective guidelines on counseling patients on cancer screening and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Molina
- 1501Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rakhi Naik
- Division of Hematology, 1501Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Duvuru Geetha
- Division of Nephrology, 1501Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shruti Chaturvedi
- Division of Hematology, 1501Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Homa Timlin
- Division of Rheumatology, 1501Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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21
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Jiao H, Acar G, Robinson GA, Ciurtin C, Jury EC, Kalea AZ. Diet and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): From Supplementation to Intervention. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11895. [PMID: 36231195 PMCID: PMC9565311 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease characterised by immune dysregulation affecting multiple organs. Current anti-inflammatory treatments used in SLE are associated with unwanted side-effects. Dietary supplementation has been suggested as a safe and effective addition to conventional treatment, but evidence of efficacy in SLE or preventing associated comorbidities is uncertain. METHODS We identified literature on clinical trials focused on nutritional interventions in SLE aiming to improve inflammation and comorbidities. A systematic-type search on Embase, Medline, and the Cochrane Library, was conducted to identify nutritional interventions among SLE patients in the past 15 years that met our inclusion criteria. RESULTS We identified 2754 articles, of which 14 were eligible for inclusion based on our set criteria and were subsequently quality assessed. Vitamin D or E supplementation was associated with respective improvement of inflammatory markers or antibody production, but not disease activity scores in most studies. Despite their expected synergistic actions, the addition of curcumin on vitamin D supplementation had no additional effects on disease activity or inflammatory markers. Trials of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation presented significant reductions in ESR, CRP, disease activity, inflammatory markers, and oxidative stress, and improved lipid levels and endothelial function, while a low glycaemic index (GI) diet showed evidence of reduced weight and improved fatigue in patients. CONCLUSIONS Different dietary guidelines can therefore be implicated to target specific SLE symptoms or therapeutic side-effects. This systematic review highlights the scarcity of larger and longer in duration trials with homogenous methodologies and verifiable outcomes to assess disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Jiao
- Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Gizem Acar
- Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - George A. Robinson
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London W1CE 6JF, UK
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology versus Arthritis, Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London W1CE 6JF, UK
| | - Coziana Ciurtin
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology versus Arthritis, Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London W1CE 6JF, UK
| | - Elizabeth C. Jury
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London W1CE 6JF, UK
| | - Anastasia Z. Kalea
- Division of Medicine, University College London, Rayne Building, London WC1E 6JF, UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
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22
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Herta T, Kersten R, Chang JC, Hubers L, Go S, Tolenaars D, Paulusma CC, Nathanson MH, Elferink RO, van de Graaf SFJ, Beuers U. Role of the IgG4-related cholangitis autoantigen annexin A11 in cholangiocyte protection. J Hepatol 2022; 76:319-331. [PMID: 34718050 PMCID: PMC10804347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Annexin A11 was identified as autoantigen in IgG4-related cholangitis (IRC), a B-cell driven disease. Annexin A11 modulates calcium-dependent exocytosis, a crucial mechanism for insertion of proteins into their target membranes. Human cholangiocytes form an apical 'biliary bicarbonate umbrella' regarded as defense against harmful hydrophobic bile acid influx. The bicarbonate secretory machinery comprises the chloride/bicarbonate exchanger AE2 and the chloride channel ANO1. We aimed to investigate the expression and function of annexin A11 in human cholangiocytes and a potential role of IgG1/IgG4-mediated autoreactivity against annexin A11 in the pathogenesis of IRC. METHODS Expression of annexin A11 in human liver was studied by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. In human control and ANXA11 knockdown H69 cholangiocytes, intracellular pH, AE2 and ANO1 surface expression, and bile acid influx were examined using ratio microspectrofluorometry, cell surface biotinylation, and 22,23-3H-glycochenodeoxycholic acid permeation, respectively. The localization of annexin A11-mEmerald and ANO1-mCherry was investigated by live-cell microscopy in H69 cholangiocytes after incubation with IRC patient serum containing anti-annexin A11 IgG1/IgG4-autoantibodies or disease control serum. RESULTS Annexin A11 was strongly expressed in human cholangiocytes, but not hepatocytes. Knockdown of ANXA11 led to reduced plasma membrane expression of ANO1, but not AE2, alkalization of intracellular pH and uncontrolled bile acid influx. High intracellular calcium conditions led to annexin A11 membrane shift and colocalization with ANO1. Incubation with IRC patient serum inhibited annexin A11 membrane shift and reduced ANO1 surface expression. CONCLUSION Cholangiocellular annexin A11 mediates apical membrane abundance of the chloride channel ANO1, thereby supporting biliary bicarbonate secretion. Insertion is inhibited by IRC patient serum containing anti-annexin A11 IgG1/IgG4-autoantibodies. Anti-annexin A11 autoantibodies may contribute to the pathogenesis of IRC by weakening the 'biliary bicarbonate umbrella'. LAY SUMMARY We previously identified annexin A11 as a specific autoantigen in immunoglobulin G4-related cholangitis (IRC), a B-cell driven disease affecting the bile ducts. Human cholangiocytes are protected against harmful hydrophobic bile acid influx by a defense mechanism referred to as the 'biliary bicarbonate umbrella'. We found that annexin A11 is required for the formation of a robust bicarbonate umbrella. Binding of patient-derived annexin A11 autoantibodies inhibits annexin A11 function, possibly contributing to bile duct damage by weakening the biliary bicarbonate umbrella in patients with IRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Herta
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, AGEM, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Remco Kersten
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, AGEM, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Jung-Chin Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, AGEM, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lowiek Hubers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, AGEM, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simei Go
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, AGEM, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Tolenaars
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, AGEM, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Coen C Paulusma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, AGEM, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael H Nathanson
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Ronald Oude Elferink
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, AGEM, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stan F J van de Graaf
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, AGEM, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Beuers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, AGEM, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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23
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Han JY, Kim H, Jung SY, Jang EJ, Cho SK, Sung YK. Increased risk of malignancy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: population-based cohort study in Korea. Arthritis Res Ther 2021; 23:270. [PMID: 34706772 PMCID: PMC8555049 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02648-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate the crude incidence rates and relative risk of malignancy in Korean patients with SLE. Methods We conducted a retrospective nationwide cohort study using databases from the National Health Insurance Service in Korea. All prevalent SLE patients aged over 19 were identified from January 2012 to December 2014 and observed until the diagnosis of malignancy, death, or end of the study, December 2015. The crude incidence rates (IRs) and standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) of overall and site-specific malignancies in SLE patients were estimated. Results We identified 17,854 SLE patients and during the observation period (60,511 person-years [PYs]), 768 solid malignancies (126.9/10,000 PYs) and 68 haematologic malignancies (11.2/10,000 PYs) occurred in SLE patients. In SLE patients, breast and reproductive system and thyroid cancers occurred predominantly, followed by liver and colon cancers. The SIRs of overall, solid, and haematologic malignancies of SLE patients compared to the general population were 1.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6–1.9), 1.7 (95% CI 1.5–1.8), and 5.9 (95% CI 4.8–7.3), respectively. In solid malignancies, head and neck (2.7, 95% CI 1.1–4.2), bladder (2.4, 95% CI 1.1–3.8), liver (1.9, 95% CI 1.4–2.3), pancreas (1.9, 95% CI 1.3–2.6), lung (1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.4), colon (1.7, 95% CI 1.3–2.2), thyroid (1.6, 95% CI 1.3–1.8) and breast and reproductive system (1.5, 95% CI 1.2–1.7) cancers are at increased risk in SLE patients. Conclusion An increased risk of haematologic and solid malignancies was observed in Korean patients with SLE compared to the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yong Han
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyoungyoung Kim
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun-Young Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Jin Jang
- Department of Information Statistics, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea
| | - Soo-Kyung Cho
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Sung
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, South Korea.
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24
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Micheli C, Parma A, Tani C, Di Bello D, Falaschi A, Chiaramonte A, Testi S, Mosca M, Scarpato R. UCTD and SLE patients show increased levels of oxidative and DNA damage together with an altered kinetics of DSB repair. Mutagenesis 2021; 36:429-436. [PMID: 34559237 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geab036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunological tolerance is a critical feature of the immune system; its loss might lead to an abnormal response of lymphocytes causing autoimmune diseases. One of the most important groups belonging to autoimmune disorders is the connective tissue diseases (CTD). CTD are classified among systemic rheumatic diseases and include pathologies such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and undifferentiated CTD (UCTD). In this study, we evaluated oxidative and genome damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with SLE and UCTD, further classified on the basis of disease activity and the presence/absence of a serological profile. Oxidative damage was evaluated in cell membrane using the fluorescent fatty acid analogue BODIPY 581/591 C11. The percentage of oxidised lymphocytes in both SLE and UCTD patients was higher than in the control group, and the oxidative stress correlated positively with both disease activity and autoantibody profile. The γH2AX focus assay was used to quantify the presence of spontaneous double strand breaks (DSBs), and to assess the abilities of DSBs repair system after T cells were treated with mitomycin C (MMC). Subjects with these autoimmune disorders showed a higher number of γH2AX foci than healthy controls, but no correlation with diseases activity and presence of serological profile was observed. In addition, patients displayed an altered response to MMC-induced DSBs, which led their peripheral cells to greatly increase apoptosis. Taken together our results confirmed an interplay among oxidative stress, DNA damage and impaired DNA repair, which are directly correlated to the aggressiveness and clinical progression of the diseases. We propose the evaluation of these molecular markers to better characterize SLE and UCTD, aiming to improve the treatment plan and the quality of the patients' life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Micheli
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Genetica, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alice Parma
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Tani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Domenica Di Bello
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Genetica, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Aurora Falaschi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Genetica, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Chiaramonte
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Genetica, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Serena Testi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Genetica, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marta Mosca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Scarpato
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Genetica, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1, 56126, Pisa, Italy
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25
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Molinaro C, Martoriati A, Cailliau K. Proteins from the DNA Damage Response: Regulation, Dysfunction, and Anticancer Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3819. [PMID: 34359720 PMCID: PMC8345162 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells respond to genotoxic stress through a series of complex protein pathways called DNA damage response (DDR). These monitoring mechanisms ensure the maintenance and the transfer of a correct genome to daughter cells through a selection of DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and programmed cell death processes. Canonical or non-canonical DDRs are highly organized and controlled to play crucial roles in genome stability and diversity. When altered or mutated, the proteins in these complex networks lead to many diseases that share common features, and to tumor formation. In recent years, technological advances have made it possible to benefit from the principles and mechanisms of DDR to target and eliminate cancer cells. These new types of treatments are adapted to the different types of tumor sensitivity and could benefit from a combination of therapies to ensure maximal efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katia Cailliau
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000 Lille, France; (C.M.); (A.M.)
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26
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Rattray Z, Deng G, Zhang S, Shirali A, May CK, Chen X, Cuffari BJ, Liu J, Zou P, Rattray NJ, Johnson CH, Dubljevic V, Campbell JA, Huttner A, Baehring JM, Zhou J, Hansen JE. ENT2 facilitates brain endothelial cell penetration and blood-brain barrier transport by a tumor-targeting anti-DNA autoantibody. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e145875. [PMID: 34128837 PMCID: PMC8410084 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.145875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) prevents antibodies from penetrating the CNS and limits conventional antibody-based approaches to brain tumors. We now show that ENT2, a transporter that regulates nucleoside flux at the BBB, may offer an unexpected path to circumventing this barrier to allow targeting of brain tumors with an anti-DNA autoantibody. Deoxymab-1 (DX1) is a DNA-damaging autoantibody that localizes to tumors and is synthetically lethal to cancer cells with defects in the DNA damage response. We found that DX1 penetrated brain endothelial cells and crossed the BBB, and mechanistic studies identify ENT2 as the key transporter. In efficacy studies, DX1 crosses the BBB to suppress orthotopic glioblastoma and breast cancer brain metastases. ENT2-linked transport of autoantibodies across the BBB has potential to be exploited in brain tumor immunotherapy, and its discovery raises hypotheses on actionable mechanisms of CNS penetration by neurotoxic autoantibodies in CNS lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gang Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Shenqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Pan Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Caroline H Johnson
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | | | - Anita Huttner
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Pathology and
| | - Joachim M Baehring
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jiangbing Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - James E Hansen
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology and.,Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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27
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Carey RN, Pfau JC, Fritzler MJ, Creaney J, de Klerk N, Musk AW(B, Franklin P, Sodhi-Berry N, Brims F, Reid A. Autoantibodies and cancer among asbestos-exposed cohorts in Western Australia. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:475-483. [PMID: 33678145 PMCID: PMC10726378 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.1889424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Asbestos exposure is associated with many adverse health conditions including malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer as well as production of autoantibodies. Autoantibodies may serve as biomarkers for asbestos exposure in patients with cancer, and autoimmune dysfunction has been linked to increased rates of various cancers. The aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that autoantibodies are more frequent in asbestos-exposed individuals with either lung cancer or mesothelioma than those without these conditions. Asbestos-exposed individuals from Western Australia who had lung cancer (n = 24), malignant mesothelioma (n = 24), or no malignancy (n = 51) were tested for antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA) using indirect immunofluorescence and specific extractable nuclear autoantibodies (ENA) employing a multiplexed addressable laser bead immunoassay. Contrary to the hypothesis, data demonstrated that individuals without malignancy were more likely to be positive for ANA compared to those with cancer. However, autoantibodies to histone and Ro-60 were found to be associated with lung cancer. These results support a possible predictive value for specific autoantibodies in the early detection of lung cancer and/or in our understanding of the role of autoimmune processes in cancer. However, further studies are needed to identify specific target antigens for the antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee N Carey
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - Jean C Pfau
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | | | - Jenette Creaney
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Nicholas de Klerk
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Arthur W (Bill) Musk
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Peter Franklin
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Nita Sodhi-Berry
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Fraser Brims
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
| | - Alison Reid
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia
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28
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Manolakou T, Verginis P, Boumpas DT. DNA Damage Response in the Adaptive Arm of the Immune System: Implications for Autoimmunity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5842. [PMID: 34072535 PMCID: PMC8198144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In complex environments, cells have developed molecular responses to confront threats against the genome and achieve the maintenance of genomic stability assuring the transfer of undamaged DNA to their progeny. DNA damage response (DDR) mechanisms may be activated upon genotoxic or environmental agents, such as cytotoxic drugs or ultraviolet (UV) light, and during physiological processes requiring DNA transactions, to restore DNA alterations that may cause cellular malfunction and affect viability. In addition to the DDR, multicellular organisms have evolved specialized immune cells to respond and defend against infections. Both adaptive and innate immune cells are subjected to DDR processes, either as a prerequisite to the immune response, or as a result of random endogenous and exogenous insults. Aberrant DDR activities have been extensively studied in the immune cells of the innate arm, but not in adaptive immune cells. Here, we discuss how the aberrant DDR may lead to autoimmunity, with emphasis on the adaptive immune cells and the potential of therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Manolakou
- Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Panayotis Verginis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, 700 13 Heraklion, Greece;
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Tolerance, Division of Basic Sciences, University of Crete Medical School, 700 13 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Dimitrios T. Boumpas
- Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
- Joint Rheumatology Program, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, 124 62 Athens, Greece
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29
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Shah AA, Igusa T, Goldman D, Li J, Casciola-Rosen L, Rosen A, Petri M. Association of systemic lupus erythematosus autoantibody diversity with breast cancer protection. Arthritis Res Ther 2021; 23:64. [PMID: 33632283 PMCID: PMC7905617 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02449-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiologic data suggest that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have a lower risk of breast cancer than women in the general population. In light of mechanistic studies suggesting that anti-DNA antibodies have anti-cancer effects, we sought to examine breast cancer risk in autoantibody strata in a well-characterized SLE cohort. Methods SLE patients without a cancer diagnosis prior to entry in the Hopkins Lupus Cohort were studied (N = 2431). Overall and site-specific cancer incidence was calculated in racial strata and compared with the US Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry. Breast cancer incidence was further examined in autoantibody subsets. Patients were considered positive for an autoantibody if they were ever positive for a specificity during their disease course. Results Patients with SLE had a 37% lower risk of breast cancer (SIR 0.63, 95% CI 0.39–0.95). The risk of HPV-associated cancers (SIR 4.39, 95% CI 2.87–6.44) and thyroid cancer (SIR 2.27, 95% CI 1.04–4.30) was increased. Cancer risk varied by race, with breast cancer protection occurring in non-African Americans (SIR 0.29, 95% CI 0.11–0.63) and the increased risk of HPV-associated cancers occurring in African Americans (SIR 7.23, 95% CI 4.35–11.3). Breast cancer risk was decreased in patients ever positive for anti-dsDNA (SIR 0.55, 95% CI 0.29–0.96), anti-La (SIR 0.00, 95% CI 0.00–0.78), and lupus anticoagulant (SIR 0.37, 95% CI 0.10–0.94). Patients who were positive for fewer (0–2) SLE autoantibodies did not have a lower risk of breast cancer (SIR 0.84, 95% CI 0.47–1.39), but patients with 3+ autoantibodies had a 59% decreased risk (SIR 0.41, 95% CI 0.16–0.84). Conclusions Positivity for multiple SLE autoantibodies was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer, supporting the hypothesis that a highly diversified immune response may exert an anti-cancer effect against some cancers. Validation of racial differences in cancer risk in SLE is required to determine whether cancer screening strategies should be targeted to racial subgroups. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-021-02449-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami A Shah
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Mason F. Lord Building Center Tower, Suite 4100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
| | - Takeru Igusa
- Departments of Civil and Systems Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Latrobe Hall 212, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Daniel Goldman
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Mason F. Lord Building Center Tower, Suite 4100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Jessica Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Mason F. Lord Building Center Tower, Suite 4100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Livia Casciola-Rosen
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Mason F. Lord Building Center Tower, Suite 4100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Antony Rosen
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Mason F. Lord Building Center Tower, Suite 4100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Michelle Petri
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5200 Eastern Avenue, Mason F. Lord Building Center Tower, Suite 4100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
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30
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Pashnina IA, Krivolapova IM, Fedotkina TV, Ryabkova VA, Chereshneva MV, Churilov LP, Chereshnev VA. Antinuclear Autoantibodies in Health: Autoimmunity Is Not a Synonym of Autoimmune Disease. Antibodies (Basel) 2021; 10:9. [PMID: 33668697 PMCID: PMC8006153 DOI: 10.3390/antib10010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of autoimmune diseases is increasing. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) testing is a critical tool for their diagnosis. However, ANA prevalence in healthy persons has increased over the last decades, especially among young people. ANA in health occurs in low concentrations, with a prevalence up to 50% in some populations, which demands a cutoff revision. This review deals with the origin and probable physiological or compensatory function of ANA in health, according to the concept of immunological clearance, theory of autoimmune regulation of cell functions, and the concept of functional autoantibodies. Considering ANA titers ≤1:320 as a serological marker of autoimmune diseases seems inappropriate. The role of anti-DFS70/LEDGFp75 autoantibodies is highlighted as a possible anti-risk biomarker for autoimmune rheumatic disorders. ANA prevalence in health is different in various regions due to several underlying causes discussed in the review, all influencing additive combinations according to the concept of the mosaic of autoimmunity. Not only are titers, but also HEp-2 IFA) staining patterns, such as AC-2, important. Accepting autoantibodies as a kind of bioregulator, not only the upper, but also the lower borders of their normal range should be determined; not only their excess, but also a lack of them or "autoimmunodeficiency" could be the reason for disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A. Pashnina
- Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital, 620149 Yekaterinburg, Russia;
| | - Irina M. Krivolapova
- Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital, 620149 Yekaterinburg, Russia;
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 620049 Yekaterinburg, Russia; (M.V.C.); (V.A.C.)
| | - Tamara V. Fedotkina
- Laboratory of the Mosaics of Autoimmunity, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.V.F.); (V.A.R.); (L.P.C.)
| | - Varvara A. Ryabkova
- Laboratory of the Mosaics of Autoimmunity, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.V.F.); (V.A.R.); (L.P.C.)
| | - Margarita V. Chereshneva
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 620049 Yekaterinburg, Russia; (M.V.C.); (V.A.C.)
| | - Leonid P. Churilov
- Laboratory of the Mosaics of Autoimmunity, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.V.F.); (V.A.R.); (L.P.C.)
- Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, 191036 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Valeriy A. Chereshnev
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 620049 Yekaterinburg, Russia; (M.V.C.); (V.A.C.)
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31
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Gordon RE, Nemeth JF, Singh S, Lingham RB, Grewal IS. Harnessing SLE Autoantibodies for Intracellular Delivery of Biologic Therapeutics. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 39:298-310. [PMID: 32807530 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of therapeutic antibodies is highly desirable but remains a challenge for biomedical research and the pharmaceutical industry. Approximately two-thirds of disease-associated targets are found inside the cell. Difficulty blocking these targets with available drugs creates a need for technology to deliver highly specific therapeutic antibodies intracellularly. Historically, antibodies have not been believed to traverse the cell membrane and neutralize intracellular targets. Emerging evidence has revealed that anti-DNA autoantibodies found in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients can penetrate inside the cell. Harnessing this technology has the potential to accelerate the development of drugs against intracellular targets. Here, we dissect the mechanisms of the intracellular localization of SLE antibodies and discuss how to apply these insights to engineer successful cell-penetrating antibody drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata E Gordon
- Janssen Biotherapeutics, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Jennifer F Nemeth
- Janssen Biotherapeutics, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Sanjaya Singh
- Janssen Biotherapeutics, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Russell B Lingham
- Janssen Biotherapeutics, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Iqbal S Grewal
- Janssen Biotherapeutics, The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 1400 McKean Road, Spring House, PA 19477, USA.
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Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with a small overall increased cancer risk compared with the general population. This risk includes a 4-fold increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, but a decreased risk of other cancers (such as breast cancer). The pathophysiology underlying the increased risk of hematologic cancer is not fully understood, but many potential mechanisms have been proposed, including dysfunction of the tumor necrosis factor and other pathways. A decreased risk of breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancer might be driven by hormonal factors or lupus-related antibodies, but these links have not been proved.
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Qian H, Cao Y, Sun J, Zu J, Ma L, Zhou H, Tang X, Li Y, Yu H, Zhang M, Bai Y, Xu C, Ishii N, Hashimoto T, Li X. Anti-human serum albumin autoantibody may be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune bullous skin diseases. FASEB J 2020; 34:8574-8595. [PMID: 32369236 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903247rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Although effective immunological diagnostic systems for autoimmune bullous skin diseases (AIBD) have been established, there are still unidentified cutaneous autoantigens. The purpose of this study is to investigative whether anti-human serum albumin (HSA) autoantibodies exist in AIBD sera and their potential pathogenesis. By immunoprecipitation-immunoblotting, immunofluorescence assay, anti-HSA autoantibodies could be detected in AIBD sera; by ELISAs, positive rates of AIBD sera for IgG and IgA anti-HSA autoantibodies were 29% and 34%, respectively. The IgG anti-HSA autoantibodies in ABID sera recognized a number of HSA antigen epitopes and therefore a polyclonal antibody against HSA were next employed to study its pathogenesis. In vitro cell and tissue culture models, anti-HSA antibody could influence DNA damage-related signaling proteins, via activation of phospho-p38 signaling pathway. This is the first report that an autoantibody may influence DNA damage-related signaling proteins. Statistical analyses also proved that anti-HSA autoantibodies were positively correlated with various known autoantibodies and clinical features of ABID patients. In summary, IgG and IgA autoantibodies to HSA may have diagnosis values for AIBD. DNA damage-related signaling proteins might be involved in the pathogenic role of anti-HSA autoantibodies in AIBD. Phospho-p38 signaling pathway is a potential target for treatment of AIBD positive for serum anti-HSA autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Qian
- Central Laboratory, Dermatology Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Dermatology Institute of Jiangxi Province, The Affiliated Dermatology Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University and Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Urology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Junfeng Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianing Zu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University and Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Haizhou Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xianling Tang
- Eye Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Li
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University and Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yunlong Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University and Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Chaoqian Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Norito Ishii
- Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takashi Hashimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Central Laboratory, Dermatology Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Dermatology Institute of Jiangxi Province, The Affiliated Dermatology Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University and Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
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Dimitrov JD. Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of 'Rogue' Antibodies. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2020; 41:409-417. [PMID: 32334839 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic antibodies have revolutionized modern medicine. At present, antibodies are successfully used for treatment of diverse human diseases, ranging from cancer to viral infections. All clinically approved antibodies rely on highly specific recognition of their target antigen. Antigen-binding promiscuity, binding to autoantigens, and propensity for self-binding (homophilic interaction) are highly undesirable characteristics of antibody drug candidates. Nevertheless, the immune system of all healthy individuals constantly produces and uses large quantities of antibodies that can be classified as inappropriate for development as drugs. Here, I provide arguments that antibodies with 'aberrant' properties have therapeutic potential. They could be useful in certain complex pathological conditions, thus enriching our armamentarium for treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan D Dimitrov
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France.
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Potential Protective Role Exerted by Secoiridoids from Olea europaea L. in Cancer, Cardiovascular, Neurodegenerative, Aging-Related, and Immunoinflammatory Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020149. [PMID: 32050687 PMCID: PMC7070598 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Iridoids, which have beneficial health properties, include a wide group of cyclopentane [c] pyran monoterpenoids present in plants and insects. The cleavage of the cyclopentane ring leads to secoiridoids. Mainly, secoiridoids have shown a variety of pharmacological effects including anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, neuroprotective, anti-cancer, and anti-obesity, which increase the interest of studying these types of bioactive compounds in depth. Secoiridoids are thoroughly distributed in several families of plants such as Oleaceae, Valerianaceae, Gentianaceae and Pedialaceae, among others. Specifically, Olea europaea L. (Oleaceae) is rich in oleuropein (OL), dimethyl-OL, and ligstroside secoiridoids, and their hydrolysis derivatives are mostly OL-aglycone, oleocanthal (OLE), oleacein (OLA), elenolate, oleoside-11-methyl ester, elenoic acid, hydroxytyrosol (HTy), and tyrosol (Ty). These compounds have proved their efficacy in the management of diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and viral and microbial infections. Particularly, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties of secoiridoids from the olive tree (Olea europaea L. (Oleaceae)) have been suggested as a potential application in a large number of inflammatory and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated diseases. Thus, the purpose of this review is to summarize recent advances in the protective role of secoiridoids derived from the olive tree (preclinical studies and clinical trials) in diseases with an important pathogenic contribution of oxidative and peroxidative stress and damage, focusing on their plausible mechanisms of the action involved.
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Gris JC, Mousty É, Bouvier S, Ripart S, Cochery-Nouvellon É, Fabbro-Peray P, Broner J, Letouzey V, Pérez-Martin A. Increased incidence of cancer in the follow-up of obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome within the NOH-APS cohort. Haematologica 2020; 105:490-497. [PMID: 31101755 PMCID: PMC7012495 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.213991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignancies can be associated with positive antiphospholipid antibodies but the incidence of cancer among women with the purely obstetric form of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is currently unknown. Our aim was to investigate the comparative incidence of cancers in women with a history of obstetric APS within a referral university hospital-based cohort (NOH-APS cohort). We performed a 17-year observational study of 1,592 non-thrombotic women with three consecutive spontaneous abortions before the 10th week of gestation or one fetal death at or beyond the 10th week of gestation. We compared the incidence of cancer diagnosis during follow-up among the cohort of women positive for antiphospholipid antibodies (n=517), the cohort of women carrying the F5 rs6025 or F2 rs1799963 polymorphism (n=279) and a cohort of women with negative thrombophilia screening results (n=796). The annualized rate of cancer was 0.300% (0.20%-0.44%) for women with obstetric APS and their cancer risk was substantially higher than that of women with negative thrombophilia screening [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 2.483; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27-4.85]. The computed standardized incidence ratio for women with obstetric APS was 2.89; 95% CI: 1.89-4.23. Among antiphospholipid antibodies, lupus anticoagulant was associated with incident cancers (aHR 2.608; 95% CI: 1.091-6.236). Our cohort study shows that the risk of cancer is substantially higher in women with a history of obstetric APS than in the general population, and in women with a similar initial clinical history but negative for antiphospholipid antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Gris
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Nîmes, Nîmes, France .,Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,UPRES EA2992 "Caractéristiques Féminines des Dysfonctions des Interfaces Vasculaires", University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Éve Mousty
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Sylvie Bouvier
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Nîmes, Nîmes, France.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,UPRES EA2992 "Caractéristiques Féminines des Dysfonctions des Interfaces Vasculaires", University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvie Ripart
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Éva Cochery-Nouvellon
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Nîmes, Nîmes, France.,UPRES EA2992 "Caractéristiques Féminines des Dysfonctions des Interfaces Vasculaires", University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascale Fabbro-Peray
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Public Health, Innovation and Methodology, University Hospital of Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Jonathan Broner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Vincent Letouzey
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Antonia Pérez-Martin
- UPRES EA2992 "Caractéristiques Féminines des Dysfonctions des Interfaces Vasculaires", University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Vascular Medicine, University Hospital of Nîmes, Nîmes, France
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Zhao L, Hu H, Gustafsson JÅ, Zhou S. Nuclear Receptors in Cancer Inflammation and Immunity. Trends Immunol 2020; 41:172-185. [PMID: 31982345 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Members of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily orchestrate cellular processes that can impact on numerous cancer hallmarks. NR activity plays important roles in the tumor microenvironment by controlling inflammation and immune responses. We summarize recent insights into the diverse mechanisms by which NR activity can control tumor inflammation, the roles of different NRs in modulating tumor immunity, and the biological features of immune cells that express specific NRs in the context of cancer. NR-dependent alterations in tumor inflammation and immunity may be amenable to pharmacological manipulation and offer new clues regarding the development of novel cancer therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education (MOE), and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Center for Medical Innovation, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition at Novum, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Shengtao Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of the Ministry of Education (MOE), and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, PR China.
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38
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DNA Damage Response and Oxidative Stress in Systemic Autoimmunity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010055. [PMID: 31861764 PMCID: PMC6982230 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage response and repair (DDR/R) network, a sum of hierarchically structured signaling pathways that recognize and repair DNA damage, and the immune response to endogenous and/or exogenous threats, act synergistically to enhance cellular defense. On the other hand, a deregulated interplay between these systems underlines inflammatory diseases including malignancies and chronic systemic autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Patients with these diseases are characterized by aberrant immune response to self-antigens with widespread production of autoantibodies and multiple-tissue injury, as well as by the presence of increased oxidative stress. Recent data demonstrate accumulation of endogenous DNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from these patients, which is related to (a) augmented DNA damage formation, at least partly due to the induction of oxidative stress, and (b) epigenetically regulated functional abnormalities of fundamental DNA repair mechanisms. Because endogenous DNA damage accumulation has serious consequences for cellular health, including genomic instability and enhancement of an aberrant immune response, these results can be exploited for understanding pathogenesis and progression of systemic autoimmune diseases, as well as for the development of new treatments.
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Mazón-Cabrera R, Vandormael P, Somers V. Antigenic Targets of Patient and Maternal Autoantibodies in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1474. [PMID: 31379804 PMCID: PMC6659315 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose behavioral symptoms become apparent in early childhood. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are only partially understood and the clinical manifestations are heterogeneous in nature, which poses a major challenge for diagnosis, prognosis and intervention. In the last years, an important role of a dysregulated immune system in ASD has emerged, but the mechanisms connecting this to a disruption of brain development are still largely unknown. Although ASD is not considered as a typical autoimmune disease, self-reactive antibodies or autoantibodies against a wide variety of targets have been found in a subset of ASD patients. In addition, autoantibodies reactive to fetal brain proteins have also been described in the prenatal stage of neurodevelopment, where they can be transferred from the mother to the fetus by transplacental transport. In this review, we give an extensive overview of the antibodies described in ASD according to their target antigens, their different origins, and timing of exposure during neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Veerle Somers
- Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Science, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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40
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Seo MS, Yeo J, Hwang IC, Shim JY. Risk of pancreatic cancer in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 38:3109-3116. [PMID: 31270697 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-019-04660-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Accumulating evidences suggest that the incidence of several cancers is higher in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) than in general population. However, the finding on pancreatic cancer risk is inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to determine whether SLE patients are at risk for pancreatic cancer. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane database to screen the studies meeting our criteria. The hazard ratios (HRs) and its 95% confidence interval (CIs) were calculated from a meta-analysis. RESULTS Eleven cohort studies were included in the final analysis. Overall, patients with SLE had an increased risk of pancreatic cancer (HR = 1.42, CI = 1.32-1.53). In subgroup analysis, hospital-based (HR = 1.43, CI = 1.32-1.54), retrospective (HR = 1.42, CI = 1.32-1.54), over 10 years followed (HR = 1.44, CI = 1.33-1.55), and low-quality studies (HR = 1.42, CI = 1.31-1.53) remained robust. Significant publication bias was not observed among the studies (p = 0.533). CONCLUSIONS The synthesized evidence from our meta-analysis demonstrated that SLE was associated with increased risk for pancreatic cancer. A well-designed, long-period followed study is needed to confirm this association. Key Points • Cancer incidence in SLE patients is increasing, but the data concerning pancreatic cancer remains inconclusive. • Our meta-analysis indicated that the risk of pancreatic cancer was significantly increased in SLE patients. • A well-designed, long-period followed study is needed to confirm the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seok Seo
- Department of Family Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, South Korea.,Yonsei University Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jina Yeo
- Division Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - In Cheol Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 1198 Guwol-dong, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 405-760, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Yong Shim
- Yonsei University Graduate School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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41
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Rekvig OP. The dsDNA, Anti-dsDNA Antibody, and Lupus Nephritis: What We Agree on, What Must Be Done, and What the Best Strategy Forward Could Be. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1104. [PMID: 31156647 PMCID: PMC6529578 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to understand what lupus nephritis is, its origin, clinical context, and its pathogenesis. Truly, we encounter many conceptual and immanent tribulations in our attempts to search for the pathogenesis of this disease—and how to explain its assumed link to SLE. Central in the present landscape stay a short history of the early studies that substantiated the structures of isolated or chromatin-assembled mammalian dsDNA, and its assumed, highly controversial role in induction of anti-dsDNA antibodies. Arguments discussed here may provoke the view that anti-dsDNA antibodies are not what we think they are, as they may be antibodies operational in quite different biological contexts, although they bind dsDNA by chance. This may not mean that these antibodies are not pathogenic but they do not inform how they are so. This theoretical study centers the content around the origin and impact of extra-cellular DNA, and if dsDNA has an effect on the adaptive immune system. The pathogenic potential of chromatin-anti-dsDNA antibody interactions is limited to incite lupus nephritis and dermatitis which may be linked in a common pathogenic process. These are major criteria in SLE classification systems but are not shared with other defined manifestations in SLE, which may mean that they are their own disease entities, and not integrated in SLE. Today, the models thought to explain lupus nephritis are divergent and inconsistent. We miss a comprehensive perspective to try the different models against each other. To do this, we need to take all elements of the syndrome SLE into account. This can only be achieved by concentrating on the interactions between autoimmunity, immunopathology, deviant cell death and necrotic chromatin in context of elements of system science. System science provides a framework where data generated by experts can be compared, and tested against each other. This approach open for consensus on central elements making up “lupus nephritis” to separate what we agree on and how to understand the basis for conflicting models. This has not been done yet in a systematic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Petter Rekvig
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
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42
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Slastnikova TA, Ulasov AV, Rosenkranz AA, Sobolev AS. Targeted Intracellular Delivery of Antibodies: The State of the Art. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1208. [PMID: 30405420 PMCID: PMC6207587 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A dominant area of antibody research is the extension of the use of this mighty experimental and therapeutic tool for the specific detection of molecules for diagnostics, visualization, and activity blocking. Despite the ability to raise antibodies against different proteins, numerous applications of antibodies in basic research fields, clinical practice, and biotechnology are restricted to permeabilized cells or extracellular antigens, such as membrane or secreted proteins. With the exception of small groups of autoantibodies, natural antibodies to intracellular targets cannot be used within living cells. This excludes the scope of a major class of intracellular targets, including some infamous cancer-associated molecules. Some of these targets are still not druggable via small molecules because of large flat contact areas and the absence of deep hydrophobic pockets in which small molecules can insert and perturb their activity. Thus, the development of technologies for the targeted intracellular delivery of antibodies, their fragments, or antibody-like molecules is extremely important. Various strategies for intracellular targeting of antibodies via protein-transduction domains or their mimics, liposomes, polymer vesicles, and viral envelopes, are reviewed in this article. The pitfalls, challenges, and perspectives of these technologies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A. Slastnikova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. V. Ulasov
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. A. Rosenkranz
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. S. Sobolev
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Intracellular Transport, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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43
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Tartar DM, Chung L, Fiorentino DF. Clinical significance of autoantibodies in dermatomyositis and systemic sclerosis. Clin Dermatol 2018; 36:508-524. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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44
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Delgado-Vega AM, Martínez-Bueno M, Oparina NY, López Herráez D, Kristjansdottir H, Steinsson K, Kozyrev SV, Alarcón-Riquelme ME. Whole Exome Sequencing of Patients from Multicase Families with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Identifies Multiple Rare Variants. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8775. [PMID: 29884787 PMCID: PMC5993790 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26274-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In an effort to identify rare alleles associated with SLE, we have performed whole exome sequencing of the most distantly related affected individuals from two large Icelandic multicase SLE families followed by Ta targeted genotyping of additional relatives. We identified multiple rare likely pathogenic variants in nineteen genes co-segregating with the disease through multiple generations. Gene co-expression and protein-protein interaction analysis identified a network of highly connected genes comprising several loci previously implicated in autoimmune diseases. These genes were significantly enriched for immune system development, lymphocyte activation, DNA repair, and V(D)J gene recombination GO-categories. Furthermore, we found evidence of aggregate association and enrichment of rare variants at the FAM71E1/EMC10 locus in an independent set of 4,254 European SLE-cases and 4,349 controls. Our study presents evidence supporting that multiple rare likely pathogenic variants, in newly identified genes involved in known disease pathogenic pathways, segregate with SLE at the familial and population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica M Delgado-Vega
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Manuel Martínez-Bueno
- Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain
| | - Nina Y Oparina
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David López Herráez
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Sergey V Kozyrev
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marta E Alarcón-Riquelme
- Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Government Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Granada, Spain. .,Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
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45
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Adamus G. Are Anti-Retinal Autoantibodies a Cause or a Consequence of Retinal Degeneration in Autoimmune Retinopathies? Front Immunol 2018; 9:765. [PMID: 29713325 PMCID: PMC5911469 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies (AAbs) against various retinal proteins have been associated with vision loss in paraneoplastic and non-paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathies (AR). There are two major paraneoplastic syndromes associated anti-retinal AAbs, cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR), and melanoma-associated retinopathy. Some people without a cancer diagnosis may present symptoms of CAR and have anti-retinal AAbs. The etiology and pathogenesis of those entities are not fully understood. In this review, we provide evidence for the role of AAbs in retinal death and degeneration. Studies of epitope mapping for anti-recoverin, anti-enolase, and anti-carbonic anhydrase II revealed that although patients' AAbs may recognize the same retinal protein as normal individuals they bind to different molecular domains, which allows distinguishing between normal and diseased AAbs. Given the great diversity of anti-retinal AAbs, it is likely some antibodies have greater pathogenic potential than others. Pathogenic, but not normal antibodies penetrate the target cell, reach their specific antigen, induce apoptosis, and impact retinal pathophysiology. Photoreceptors, dying by apoptosis, induced by other than immunologic mechanisms produce substantial amounts of metabolic debris, which consequently leads to autoimmunization and enhanced permeability of the blood-retinal barrier. AAbs that were made as a part of anti-cancer response are likely to be the cause of retinal degeneration, whereas others, generated against released antigens from damaged retina, contribute to the progression of retinopathy. Altogether, AAbs may trigger retinal degeneration and may also exacerbate the degenerative process in response to the release of sequestered antigens and influence disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazyna Adamus
- School of Medicine, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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46
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Rekvig OP. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Definitions, Contexts, Conflicts, Enigmas. Front Immunol 2018; 9:387. [PMID: 29545801 PMCID: PMC5839091 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an inadequately defined syndrome. Etiology and pathogenesis remain largely unknown. SLE is on the other hand a seminal syndrome that has challenged immunologists, biologists, genetics, and clinicians to solve its nature. The syndrome is characterized by multiple, etiologically unlinked manifestations. Unexpectedly, they seem to occur in different stochastically linked clusters, although single gene defects may promote a smaller spectrum of symptoms/criteria typical for SLE. There is no known inner coherence of parameters (criteria) making up the disease. These parameters are, nevertheless, implemented in The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and The Systemic Lupus Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) criteria to classify SLE. Still, SLE is an abstraction since the ACR or SLICC criteria allow us to define hundreds of different clinical SLE phenotypes. This is a major point of the present discussion and uses "The anti-dsDNA antibody" as an example related to the problematic search for biomarkers for SLE. The following discussion will show how problematic this is: the disease is defined through non-coherent classification criteria, its complexity is recognized and accepted, its pathogenesis is plural and poorly understood. Therapy is focused on dominant symptoms or organ manifestations, and not on the syndrome itself. From basic scientific evidences, we can add substantial amount of data that are not sufficiently considered in clinical medicine, which may change the paradigms linked to what "The Anti-DNA antibody" is-and is not-in context of the imperfectly defined syndrome SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Petter Rekvig
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
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47
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A lupus anti-DNA autoantibody mediates autocatalytic, targeted delivery of nanoparticles to tumors. Oncotarget 2018; 7:59965-59975. [PMID: 27494868 PMCID: PMC5312362 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Strategies to target nanoparticles to tumors that rely on surface modification with ligands that bind molecules overexpressed on cancer cells or the tumor neovasculature suffer from a major limitation: with delivery of toxic agents the amount of molecules available for targeting decreases with time; consequently, the efficiency of nanoparticle delivery is reduced. To overcome this limitation, here we propose an autocatalytic tumor-targeting mechanism based on targeting extracellular DNA (exDNA). exDNA is enriched in the tumor microenviroment and increases with treatment with cytotoxic agents, such as doxorubicin (DOX), due to release of DNA by dying tumor cells. We tested this approach using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles surface-conjugated with fragments of 3E10 (3E10EN), a lupus anti-DNA autoantibody. We demonstrated that 3E10EN-conjugated nanoparticles bound to DNA and preferentially localized to tumors in vivo. The efficiency of tumor localization of 3E10EN-conjugated, DOX-loaded nanoparticles increased with time and subsequent treatments, demonstrating an autocatalytic effect. 3E10EN-conjugated DOX-loaded nanoparticles exhibited a significant anti-tumor effect that was superior to all controls. This work demonstrates the promise of autocatalytic drug delivery mechanisms and establishes proof of concept for a new anti-DNA autoantibody-based approach for enhancing delivery of nanoparticles to tumors.
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48
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Rattray Z, Dubljevic V, Rattray NJ, Greenwood DL, Johnson CH, Campbell JA, Hansen JE. Re-engineering and evaluation of anti-DNA autoantibody 3E10 for therapeutic applications. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:858-864. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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49
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Liao W, Zheng H, Wu S, Zhang Y, Wang W, Zhang Z, Zhou C, Wu H, Min J. The Systemic Activation of Programmed Death 1-PD-L1 Axis Protects Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Model from Nephritis. Am J Nephrol 2017; 46:371-379. [PMID: 29069649 DOI: 10.1159/000480641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by abnormal activated T cells, autoreactive B cells, and massive cytokines. The CD4+ T cells determined B-cells differentiation and cytokines production. The programmed death 1 (PD-1) is the checkpoint immunoinhibitory receptor of activated T cells, and its engagement could exhaust T cells. In this study, we investigated the role of PD-1 systemic engagement with PD-L1-Ig in lupus-like nephritis in SLE mice. METHODS The murine PD-L1-Ig was injected into SLE-prone mice. The proteinuria and survival ratio were monitored. The production of anti-dsDNA autoantibodies and cytokines in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The cytokine-producing T cells (interferon-γ, IFN-γ and IL-17α) in kidney and spleen were detected with flowcytometry. The pathological evaluation of the Ig deposition in the glomeruliand was determined with immunofluorescence. Lymphocytes in 24-h urine were detected with flowcytometry. RESULTS The systemic administration of PD-L1-Ig activated PD-1-PD-L1 axis of CD4+ T lymphocytes, suppressed Th17 formation in many organs, including the spleen and the kidney, demolished abnormal production of cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17, and IL-10) and anti-dsDNA autoantibodies in serum, inhibited immunoglobulin G deposition in the glomeruli with the decrease of proteinuria, and activated T cells in urine. Accordingly, the systemic conjugation of PD-L1-PD-1 impaired renal autoimmune injure and prolonged survival time. CONCLUSION Our research demonstrated that the protective function of systemic activation of PD-1-PD-L1 axis with PD-L1-Ig attenuates the nephritis in SLE-prone mice, which facilitates us to understand the suppressive function of PD-1-PD-L1 axis in the pathogenesis and progress of the lupus nephritis, and to explore a possible effective therapeutic strategy to SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, PR China
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The roles and applications of autoantibodies in progression, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of human malignant tumours. Autoimmun Rev 2017; 16:1270-1281. [PMID: 29042252 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The existence of autoantibodies towards an individual's own proteins or nucleic acids has been established for more than 100years, and for a long period, these autoantibodies have been believed to be closely associated with autoimmune diseases. However, in recent years, researchers have become more interested in the role and application of autoantibodies in progression, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of human malignant tumours. Over the past few decades, numerous epidemiological studies have shown that the risk of certain cancers is significantly altered (increased or decreased) in patients with autoimmune diseases, which suggests that autoantibodies may play either promoting or suppressing roles in cancer progression. The idea that autoantibodies are directly involved in tumour progression gains special support by the findings that some antibodies secreted by a variety of cancer cells can promote their proliferation and metastasis. Because the cancer cells generate cell antigenic changes (neoantigens), which trigger the immune system to produce autoantibodies, serum autoantibodies against tumour-associated antigens have been established as a novel type of cancer biomarkers and have been extensively studied in different types of cancer. The autoantibodies as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis are not only more sensitive and specific than antigens, but also could appear before clinical evidences of the tumours, thus disclosing them. The observations that cancer risk is lower in patients with some autoimmune diseases suggest that certain autoantibodies may be protective from certain cancers. Moreover, the presence of autoantibodies in healthy individuals implies that it could be safe to employ autoantibodies to treat cancer. Of note, an autoantibodies derived from lupus murine model received much attention due to their selective cytotoxicity for malignant tumour cell without harming normal ones. These studies showed the therapeutic value of autoantibodies in cancer. In this review, we revisited the pathological or protective role of autoantibodies in cancer progression, summarize the application of autoantibodies in cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and discuss the value of autoantibodies in cancer therapy. The studies established to date suggest that autoantibodies not only regulate cancer progression but also promise to be valuable instruments in oncological diagnosis and therapy.
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