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Mackay S, Oduor IO, Burch TC, Main BP, Troyer DA, Semmes OJ, Nyalwidhe JO. Increased α2,3-sialyl N-glycosylated prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in post-DRE urine is associated with high grade group prostate cancer. Prostate 2024; 84:1067-1075. [PMID: 38734979 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aberrant glycosylation of proteins is an important hallmark in multiple cancers. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a highly glycosylated protein with 10 N-linked glycosylation sites, is an Food and Drug Administration approved theranostic for prostate cancer. However, glycosylation changes in PSMA that are associated with prostate cancer disease progression have not been fully characterized. METHODS We investigated whether urinary PSMA sialylation correlate with high-grade prostate cancer. Urine samples were collected from men after digital rectal examination (DRE) before prostate biopsy. Lectin-antibody enzyme-linked immunoassay was used to quantify α2,3-sialyl PSMA in post-DRE urine samples from subjects with benign prostate tumors, Grade Group 1 prostate cancer and those with Grade Group ≥2 disease. RESULTS There are significant increases in α2,3-sialylated PSMA in patients with Grade Group ≥2 disease compared to benign (p = 0.0009) and those with Grade Group 1 disease (p = 0.0063). There were no significant differences in α2,3-sialyl PSMA levels between Grade Group 1 and benign prostate tumors (p = 0.7947). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that there are significant differences in the abundance of α2,3-sialylated PSMA in post-DRE urines from disease stratified prostate cancer patients, and the increase is correlated with progression and disease severity. The detection of increased PSMA sialyation in post-DRE urines from patients with higher Grade Group ≥2 disease states provides novel untapped potential for the development of prognostic biomarkers for prostate cancer. Specifically, quantitation of α2,3-sialylated PSMA shows potential for discriminating between benign to intermediate grade disease, which is a significant clinical challenge in staging and risk stratification of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Mackay
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Department of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ian O Oduor
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of the Kings Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Tanya C Burch
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Brian P Main
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Dean A Troyer
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Oliver J Semmes
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Julius O Nyalwidhe
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
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Wu Z, Su R, Dai Y, Wu X, Wu H, Wang X, Wang Z, Bao J, Chen J, Xia E. Deep pan-cancer analysis and multi-omics evidence reveal that ALG3 inhibits CD8 + T cell infiltration by suppressing chemokine secretion and is associated with 5-fluorouracil sensitivity. Comput Biol Med 2024; 177:108666. [PMID: 38820773 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND α-1,3-mannosyltransferase (ALG3) holds significance as a key member within the mannosyltransferase family. Nevertheless, the exact function of ALG3 in cancer remains ambiguous. Consequently, the current research aimed to examine the function and potential mechanisms of ALG3 in various types of cancer. METHODS Deep pan-cancer analyses were conducted to investigate the expression patterns, prognostic value, genetic variations, single-cell omics, immunology, and drug responses associated with ALG3. Subsequently, in vitro experiments were executed to ascertain the biological role of ALG3 in breast cancer. Moreover, the link between ALG3 and CD8+ T cells was verified using immunofluorescence. Lastly, the association between ALG3 and chemokines was assessed using qRT-PCR and ELISA. RESULTS Deep pan-cancer analysis demonstrated a heightened expression of ALG3 in the majority of tumors based on multi-omics evidence. ALG3 emerges as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker across diverse cancer types. In addition, ALG3 participates in regulating the tumor immune microenvironment. Elevated levels of ALG3 were closely linked to the infiltration of bone marrow-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and CD8+ T cells. According to in vitro experiments, ALG3 promotes proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. Moreover, ALG3 inhibited CD8+ T cell infiltration by suppressing chemokine secretion. Finally, the inhibition of ALG3 enhanced the responsiveness of breast cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil treatment. CONCLUSION ALG3 shows potential as both a prognostic indicator and immune infiltration biomarker across various types of cancer. Inhibition of ALG3 may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixuan Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China; Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325200, China
| | - Rusi Su
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325200, China
| | - Yinwei Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Haodong Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xiaowu Wang
- Department of Burns and Skin Repair Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325200, China
| | - Ziqiong Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Jingxia Bao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Jiong Chen
- Department of Burns and Skin Repair Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325200, China
| | - Erjie Xia
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
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Gutierrez Reyes CD, Alejo-Jacuinde G, Perez Sanchez B, Chavez Reyes J, Onigbinde S, Mogut D, Hernández-Jasso I, Calderón-Vallejo D, Quintanar JL, Mechref Y. Multi Omics Applications in Biological Systems. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5777-5793. [PMID: 38921016 PMCID: PMC11202207 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional methodologies often fall short in addressing the complexity of biological systems. In this regard, system biology omics have brought invaluable tools for conducting comprehensive analysis. Current sequencing capabilities have revolutionized genetics and genomics studies, as well as the characterization of transcriptional profiling and dynamics of several species and sample types. Biological systems experience complex biochemical processes involving thousands of molecules. These processes occur at different levels that can be studied using mass spectrometry-based (MS-based) analysis, enabling high-throughput proteomics, glycoproteomics, glycomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics analysis. Here, we present the most up-to-date techniques utilized in the completion of omics analysis. Additionally, we include some interesting examples of the applicability of multi omics to a variety of biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerardo Alejo-Jacuinde
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance (IGCAST), Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (G.A.-J.); (B.P.S.)
| | - Benjamin Perez Sanchez
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance (IGCAST), Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (G.A.-J.); (B.P.S.)
| | - Jesus Chavez Reyes
- Center of Basic Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20392, Mexico; (J.C.R.); (I.H.-J.); (D.C.-V.); (J.L.Q.)
| | - Sherifdeen Onigbinde
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - Damir Mogut
- Department of Food Biochemistry, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Irma Hernández-Jasso
- Center of Basic Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20392, Mexico; (J.C.R.); (I.H.-J.); (D.C.-V.); (J.L.Q.)
| | - Denisse Calderón-Vallejo
- Center of Basic Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20392, Mexico; (J.C.R.); (I.H.-J.); (D.C.-V.); (J.L.Q.)
| | - J. Luis Quintanar
- Center of Basic Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes 20392, Mexico; (J.C.R.); (I.H.-J.); (D.C.-V.); (J.L.Q.)
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
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Kekki H, Montoya Perez I, Taimen P, Boström PJ, Gidwani K, Pettersson K. Lectin-nanoparticle concept for free PSA glycovariant providing superior cancer specificity. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 559:119689. [PMID: 38677453 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using lectins to target cancer-associated modifications of PSA glycostructure for identification of clinically significant prostate cancers, e.g., Gleason score (GS) ≥ 7, from benign and indolent cancers (GS 6), is highly promising yet technically challenging. From previous findings to quantify increased PSA fucosylation in urine, we set out to construct a robust, specific test concept suitable for plasma samples. METHODS Macrophage galactose-binding lectin (MGL) coupled to 100 nm Eu3 + -nanoparticles was used to probe PSA captured from cancer cell lines, seminal plasma, and plasma samples from 249 patients with a clinical suspicion of prostate cancer onto 3 mm dense spots of free PSA antibody fab fragments. Results were compared to four kallikrein tests: tPSA, fPSA, iPSA and hK2. RESULTS The fPSAMGLglycovariant provided superior discrimination of the GS ≥ 7 and benign + GS 6 groups (p 0.0003) compared to fPSA (NS). The corresponding AUC in ROC analysis was 0.70 compared to 0.66 for tPSA. In contrast to all four kallikrein tests, the fPSAMGLGV was independent of prostate gland volume. Using a logistic regression analysis the fPSAMGLGV significantly improved on the four-kallikrein model. CONCLUSIONS Due to Eu-nanoparticles and a dense fPSA capture spot, the fPSAMGL glycovariant identifies an fPSA subform with the highest cancer specificity compared to the four conventional kallikreins.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kekki
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Finland.
| | - I Montoya Perez
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - P Taimen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - P J Boström
- Department of Urology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - K Gidwani
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Finland
| | - K Pettersson
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Finland
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Hodgson K, Orozco-Moreno M, Goode EA, Fisher M, Garnham R, Beatson R, Turner H, Livermore K, Zhou Y, Wilson L, Visser EA, Pijnenborg JF, Eerden N, Moons SJ, Rossing E, Hysenaj G, Krishna R, Peng Z, Nangkana KP, Schmidt EN, Duxfield A, Dennis EP, Heer R, Lawson MA, Macauley M, Elliott DJ, Büll C, Scott E, Boltje TJ, Drake RR, Wang N, Munkley J. Sialic acid blockade inhibits the metastatic spread of prostate cancer to bone. EBioMedicine 2024; 104:105163. [PMID: 38772281 PMCID: PMC11134892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone metastasis is a common consequence of advanced prostate cancer. Bisphosphonates can be used to manage symptoms, but there are currently no curative treatments available. Altered tumour cell glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer and is an important driver of a malignant phenotype. In prostate cancer, the sialyltransferase ST6GAL1 is upregulated, and studies show ST6GAL1-mediated aberrant sialylation of N-glycans promotes prostate tumour growth and disease progression. METHODS Here, we monitor ST6GAL1 in tumour and serum samples from men with aggressive prostate cancer and using in vitro and in vivo models we investigate the role of ST6GAL1 in prostate cancer bone metastasis. FINDINGS ST6GAL1 is upregulated in patients with prostate cancer with tumours that have spread to the bone and can promote prostate cancer bone metastasis in vivo. The mechanisms involved are multi-faceted and involve modification of the pre-metastatic niche towards bone resorption to promote the vicious cycle, promoting the development of M2 like macrophages, and the regulation of immunosuppressive sialoglycans. Furthermore, using syngeneic mouse models, we show that inhibiting sialylation can block the spread of prostate tumours to bone. INTERPRETATION Our study identifies an important role for ST6GAL1 and α2-6 sialylated N-glycans in prostate cancer bone metastasis, provides proof-of-concept data to show that inhibiting sialylation can suppress the spread of prostate tumours to bone, and highlights sialic acid blockade as an exciting new strategy to develop new therapies for patients with advanced prostate cancer. FUNDING Prostate Cancer Research and the Mark Foundation For Cancer Research, the Medical Research Council and Prostate Cancer UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Hodgson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Margarita Orozco-Moreno
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Emily Archer Goode
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Matthew Fisher
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Clinical Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Rebecca Garnham
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Richard Beatson
- Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London (UCL), Rayne 9 Building, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Helen Turner
- Cellular Pathology, The Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Karen Livermore
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Yuhan Zhou
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Clinical Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Laura Wilson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Eline A Visser
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Nienke Eerden
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; GlycoTherapeutics B.V., Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Emiel Rossing
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerald Hysenaj
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Rashi Krishna
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ziqian Peng
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Kyla Putri Nangkana
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Edward N Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Adam Duxfield
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK; International Centre for Life, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ella P Dennis
- International Centre for Life, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Rakesh Heer
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Michelle A Lawson
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Clinical Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Matthew Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - David J Elliott
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Christian Büll
- Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Emma Scott
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Thomas J Boltje
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Richard R Drake
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Ning Wang
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Clinical Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Leicester Cancer Research Centre, Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, LE2 7LX, UK.
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK.
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Liu Y, Hatano K, Nonomura N. Liquid Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: Current Status and Emerging Prospects. World J Mens Health 2024; 42:42.e45. [PMID: 38772530 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.230386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major health concern that necessitates appropriate diagnostic approaches for timely intervention. This review critically evaluates the role of liquid biopsy techniques, focusing on blood- and urine-based biomarkers, in overcoming the limitations of conventional diagnostic methods. The 4Kscore test and Prostate Health Index have demonstrated efficacy in distinguishing PCa from benign conditions. Urinary biomarker tests such as PCa antigen 3, MyProstateScore, SelectMDx, and ExoDx Prostate IntelliScore test have revolutionized risk stratification and minimized unnecessary biopsies. Emerging biomarkers, including non-coding RNAs, circulating tumor DNA, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) glycosylation, offer valuable insights into PCa biology, enabling personalized treatment strategies. Advancements in non-invasive liquid biomarkers for PCa diagnosis may facilitate the stratification of patients and avoid unnecessary biopsies, particularly when PSA is in the gray area of 4 to 10 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Liu
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Koji Hatano
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
| | - Norio Nonomura
- Department of Urology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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Mackay S, Oduor IO, Burch TC, Troyer DA, Semmes OJ, Nyalwidhe JO. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) glycoforms in prostate cancer patients seminal plasma. Prostate 2024; 84:479-490. [PMID: 38151791 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a US Food and Drug Administration-approved theranostic target for prostate cancer (PCa). Although PSMA is known to be glycosylated, the composition and functional roles of its N-linked glycoforms have not been fully characterized. METHODS PSMA was isolated from pooled seminal plasma from low-risk grade Groups 1 and 2 PCa patients. Intact glycopeptides were analyzed by mass spectrometry to identify site-specific glycoforms. RESULTS We observed a rich distribution of PSMA glycoforms in seminal plasma from low and low-intermediate-risk PCa patients. Some interesting generalities can be drawn based on the predicted topology of PSMA on the plasma membrane. The glycoforms at ASN-459, ASN-476, and ASN-638 residues that are located at the basal domain facing the plasma membrane in cells, are predominantly high mannose glycans. ASN-76 which is located in the interdomain region adjacent to the apical domain of the protein shows a mixture of high mannose glycans and complex glycans, whereas ASN-121, ASN-195 and ASN-336 that are located and are exposed at the apical domain of the protein predominantly possess complex sialylated and fucosylated N-linked glycans. These highly accessible glycosites display the greatest diversity in isoforms across the patient samples. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides novel qualitative insights into PSMA glycoforms that are present in the seminal fluid of PCa patients. The presence of a rich diversity of glycoforms in seminal plasma provides untapped potential for glycoprotein biomarker discovery and as a clinical sample for noninvasive diagnostics of male urological disorders and diseases including PCa. Specifically, our glycomics approach will be critical in uncovering PSMA glycoforms with utility in staging and risk stratification of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Mackay
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Department of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ian O Oduor
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of the Kings Daughters, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Tanya C Burch
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Dean A Troyer
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Oliver J Semmes
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Julius O Nyalwidhe
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
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Orozco-Moreno M, Visser EA, Hodgson K, Hipgrave Ederveen AL, Bastian K, Goode EA, Öztürk Ö, Pijnenborg JFA, Eerden N, Moons SJ, Rossing E, Wang N, de Haan N, Büll C, Boltje TJ, Munkley J. Targeting aberrant sialylation and fucosylation in prostate cancer cells using potent metabolic inhibitors. Glycobiology 2023; 33:1155-1171. [PMID: 37847613 PMCID: PMC10876042 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer and is not just a consequence, but also a driver of a malignant phenotype. In prostate cancer, changes in fucosylated and sialylated glycans are common and this has important implications for tumor progression, metastasis, and immune evasion. Glycans hold huge translational potential and new therapies targeting tumor-associated glycans are currently being tested in clinical trials for several tumor types. Inhibitors targeting fucosylation and sialylation have been developed and show promise for cancer treatment, but translational development is hampered by safety issues related to systemic adverse effects. Recently, potent metabolic inhibitors of sialylation and fucosylation were designed that reach higher effective concentrations within the cell, thereby rendering them useful tools to study sialylation and fucosylation as potential candidates for therapeutic testing. Here, we investigated the effects of global metabolic inhibitors of fucosylation and sialylation in the context of prostate cancer progression. We find that these inhibitors effectively shut down the synthesis of sialylated and fucosylated glycans to remodel the prostate cancer glycome with only minor apparent side effects on other glycan types. Our results demonstrate that treatment with inhibitors targeting fucosylation or sialylation decreases prostate cancer cell growth and downregulates the expression of genes and proteins important in the trajectory of disease progression. We anticipate our findings will lead to the broader use of metabolic inhibitors to explore the role of fucosylated and sialylated glycans in prostate tumor pathology and may pave the way for the development of new therapies for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Orozco-Moreno
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Central Parkway, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Eline A Visser
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsty Hodgson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Central Parkway, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Agnes L Hipgrave Ederveen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kayla Bastian
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Central Parkway, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Archer Goode
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Central Parkway, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Özden Öztürk
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nienke Eerden
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- GlycoTherapeutics B.V., Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sam J Moons
- Synvenio B.V., Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel Rossing
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ning Wang
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Medical School, Beech Hill Rd, Sheffield, Yorkshire S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Noortje de Haan
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Büll
- Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas J Boltje
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Central Parkway, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
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9
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Hodgson K, Orozco-Moreno M, Scott E, Garnham R, Livermore K, Thomas H, Zhou Y, He J, Bermudez A, Garcia Marques FJ, Bastian K, Hysenaj G, Archer Goode E, Heer R, Pitteri S, Wang N, Elliott DJ, Munkley J. The role of GCNT1 mediated O-glycosylation in aggressive prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17031. [PMID: 37813880 PMCID: PMC10562493 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43019-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men and a major cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Nearly all affected men develop resistance to current therapies and there is an urgent need to develop new treatments for advanced disease. Aberrant glycosylation is a common feature of cancer cells implicated in all of the hallmarks of cancer. A major driver of aberrant glycosylation in cancer is the altered expression of glycosylation enzymes. Here, we show that GCNT1, an enzyme that plays an essential role in the formation of core 2 branched O-glycans and is crucial to the final definition of O-glycan structure, is upregulated in aggressive prostate cancer. Using in vitro and in vivo models, we show GCNT1 promotes the growth of prostate tumours and can modify the glycome of prostate cancer cells, including upregulation of core 2 O-glycans and modifying the O-glycosylation of secreted glycoproteins. Furthermore, using RNA sequencing, we find upregulation of GCNT1 in prostate cancer cells can alter oncogenic gene expression pathways important in tumour growth and metastasis. Our study highlights the important role of aberrant O-glycosylation in prostate cancer progression and provides novel insights regarding the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Hodgson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Margarita Orozco-Moreno
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Emma Scott
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Rebecca Garnham
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Karen Livermore
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Huw Thomas
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Yuhan Zhou
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jiepei He
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Abel Bermudez
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Fernando Jose Garcia Marques
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Kayla Bastian
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Gerald Hysenaj
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Emily Archer Goode
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Rakesh Heer
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Sharon Pitteri
- Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - David J Elliott
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK.
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10
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Wang X, Li H, Chang X, Tian Z. High serum mannose in colorectal cancer: a novel biomarker of lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1213952. [PMID: 37675224 PMCID: PMC10479890 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1213952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lymph node status is an important prognostic indicator and it significantly influences treatment decisions for colorectal cancer (CRC). The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of serum monosaccharides in predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) and prognosis. Methods High performance anion exchange chromatography coupled with pulsed amperometric detector (HPAEC-PAD) was used to quantify serum monosaccharides from 252 CRC patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate predictive performance of parameters. Predictors of LNM were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. The prognostic role of the factors was evaluated by survival analysis. Results The levels of serum mannose (Man) and galactose (Gal) were significantly increased in patients with LNM (p <0.0001, p =0.0017, respectively). The area under the curves (AUCs) of Man was 0.8140, which was higher than carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (AUC =0.6523). Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated histologic grade (G3) (odds ratio [OR] =2.60, p =0.043), histologic grade (mucin-producing subtype) (odds ratio [OR] =3.38, p =0.032), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (OR =2.42, p <0.01), CEA (>5ng/ml) (OR =1.85, p =0.042) and high Man (OR =2.65, p =0.006) to be independent risk factors of LNM. The survival analysis showed that the high serum Man was independent risk factor for poor prognosis in CRC patients (HR=1.75, p =0.004). Conclusions The Man is superior to CEA in prediction of LNM for CRC patients. Man is expected to be a predictor for LNM in CRC. High serum Man is associated with poor prognosis of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Wang
- Center for Clinical Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaotian Chang
- Center for Clinical Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zibin Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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11
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Tan Z, Chen X, Zuo J, Fu S, Wang J, Wang H. Integrating Bulk and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Heterogeneity, Tumor Microenvironment, and Immunotherapeutic Efficacy Based on Sialylation-Related Genes in Bladder Cancer. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:3399-3417. [PMID: 37600224 PMCID: PMC10438438 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s418433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As known abnormal sialylation exerts crucial roles in the growth, metastasis, and immune evasion of cancers, but the molecular characteristics and roles in bladder cancer (BLCA) remain unclear. This study intends to establish BLCA risk stratification based on sialylation-related genes and elucidate its role in prognosis, tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapy of BLCA. Methods Bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq data were downloaded from open-access databases. The scRNA-seq data were processed using the R package "Seurat" to identify the core cell types. The tumor sub-typing of BLCA samples was performed by the R package "ConsensusClusterPlus" in the bulk RNA-seq data. Signature genes were identified by the R package "limma" and univariate regression analysis to calculate risk scores using the R package "GSVA" and establish risk stratification of BLCA patients. Finally, the differences in clinicopathological characteristics, tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapy efficacy between the different groups were investigated. Results 5 core cell types were identified in the scRNA-seq dataset, with monocytes and macrophages presenting the greatest percentage, sialylation-related gene expression, and sialylation scores. The bulk RNA-seq samples were classified into 3 tumor subtypes based on 19 prognosis-related sialylation genes. The 10 differential expressed genes (DEGs) with the smallest p-values were collected as signature genes, and the risk score was calculated, with the samples divided into high and low-risk score groups. The results showed that patients in the high-risk score group exhibited worse survival outcomes, higher tumor grade, more advanced stage, more frequency of gene mutations, higher expression levels of immune checkpoints, and lower immunotherapy response. Conclusion We established a novel risk stratification of BLCA from a glycomics perspective, which demonstrated good accuracy in determining the prognostic outcome, clinicopathological characteristics, immune microenvironment, and immunotherapy efficacy of patients, and we are proposing to apply it to direct the choice of clinical treatment options for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Tan
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
- Urological Disease Clinical Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Basic and Clinical Research of Bladder Cancer in Yunnan Universities, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Chen
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, the Third Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jieming Zuo
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
- Urological Disease Clinical Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Basic and Clinical Research of Bladder Cancer in Yunnan Universities, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi Fu
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
- Urological Disease Clinical Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Basic and Clinical Research of Bladder Cancer in Yunnan Universities, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiansong Wang
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
- Urological Disease Clinical Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Basic and Clinical Research of Bladder Cancer in Yunnan Universities, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
- Urological Disease Clinical Medical Center of Yunnan Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Basic and Clinical Research of Bladder Cancer in Yunnan Universities, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Moons SJ, Hornikx DLAH, Aasted MKM, Pijnenborg JFA, Calzari M, White PB, Narimatsu Y, Clausen H, Wandall HH, Boltje TJ, Büll C. UV light-induced spatial loss of sialic acid capping using a photoactivatable sialyltransferase inhibitor. RSC Chem Biol 2023; 4:506-511. [PMID: 37415865 PMCID: PMC10320844 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00006k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sialic acids cap glycans displayed on mammalian glycoproteins and glycolipids and mediate many glycan-receptor interactions. Sialoglycans play a role in diseases such as cancer and infections where they facilitate immune evasion and metastasis or serve as cellular receptors for viruses, respectively. Strategies that specifically interfere with cellular sialoglycan biosynthesis, such as sialic acid mimetics that act as metabolic sialyltransferase inhibitors, enable research into the diverse biological functions of sialoglycans. Sialylation inhibitors are also emerging as potential therapeutics for cancer, infection, and other diseases. However, sialoglycans serve many important biological functions and systemic inhibition of sialoglycan biosynthesis can have adverse effects. To enable local and inducible inhibition of sialylation, we have synthesized and characterized a caged sialyltransferase inhibitor that can be selectively activated with UV-light. A photolabile protecting group was conjugated to a known sialyltransferase inhibitor (P-SiaFNEtoc). This yielded a photoactivatable inhibitor, UV-SiaFNEtoc, that remained inactive in human cell cultures and was readily activated through radiation with 365 nm UV light. Direct and short radiation of a human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cell monolayer was well-tolerated and resulted in photoactivation of the inhibitor and subsequent spatial restricted synthesis of asialoglycans. The developed photocaged sialic acid mimetic holds the potential to locally hinder the synthesis of sialoglycans through focused treatment with UV light and may be applied to bypass the adverse effects related to systemic loss of sialylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam J Moons
- Cluster for Molecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Daniël L A H Hornikx
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Mikkel K M Aasted
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Johan F A Pijnenborg
- Cluster for Molecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Calzari
- Cluster for Molecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Paul B White
- Cluster for Molecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Yoshiki Narimatsu
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Hans H Wandall
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Thomas J Boltje
- Cluster for Molecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Christian Büll
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
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13
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Yuan Y, Xie B, Guo D, Liu C, Jiang G, Lai G, Zhang Y, Hu X, Wu Z, Zheng R, Huang L. Identification of ALG3 as a potential prognostic biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18065. [PMID: 37539167 PMCID: PMC10395363 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The abnormal expression of Alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase (ALG3) has been implicated in tumor promotion. However, the clinical significance of ALG3 in Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to assess the prognostic value of ALG3 and its association with immune infiltrates in LUAD. Methods The transcriptional expression profiles of ALG3 were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), comparing lung adenocarcinoma tissue with normal tissues. To determine the prognostic significance of AGL3, Kaplan-Meier plotter, and Cox regression analysis were employed. Logistic regression was utilized to analyze the association between ALG3 expression and clinical characteristics. Additionally, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and a nomogram were constructed. To explore the underlying mechanisms, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted. The relationship between AGL3A mRNA expression and immune infiltrates was investigated using the tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER) and tumor-immune system interaction database (TISIDB). Furthermore, an in vitro experiment was performed to assess the impact of ALG3 mRNA on lung cancer stemness abilities and examine key signaling pathway proteins. Results Our results revealed the ALG3 mRNA and protein expression in patients with LUAD was much higher than that in adjacent normal tissues. High expression of ALG3 was significantly associated with N stage (N0, HR = 1.98, P = 0.002), pathological stage (stage I, HR = 2.09, P = 0.003), and the number of pack years (<40, HR = 2.58, P = 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that high expression of ALG3 was associated with poor overall survival (P < 0.001), disease-free survival (P < 0.001), and progression-free interval (P = 0.007). Through multivariate analysis, it was determined that elevated ALG3 expression independently impacted overall survival (HR = 1.325, P = 0.04). The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource discovered a link between ALG3 expression and tumor-infiltrating immune cells in LUAD. Additionally, ROC analysis proved that ALG3 is a reliable diagnostic marker for LUAD (AUC:0.923). Functional pathways analysis identified that ALG3 is negatively correlated with FAT4. We performed qRT-PCR to assess that knockdown ALG3 expression significantly upregulated FAT4 expression. Spheroid assay and flow cytometry analysis results showed that downregulated of ALG3 inhibited H1975 cell line stemness. Western blot analysis revealed that decreased ALG3 inhibited the YAP/TAZ signal pathway. Conclusion High expression of ALG3 is strongly associated with poor prognosis and immune infiltrates in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjiao Yuan
- The First School of Chinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510510, China
- Department of Oncology, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Tumors, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan people's hospital), Dongguan, 523059, China
| | - BaoCheng Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Dongbo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, China
| | - Caixiang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Tumors, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan people's hospital), Dongguan, 523059, China
| | - Guanming Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Tumors, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan people's hospital), Dongguan, 523059, China
| | - Guowei Lai
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
- General Hospital of Third Division, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Tumushuker, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiarong Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Zhiming Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Ruinian Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Tumors, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan people's hospital), Dongguan, 523059, China
| | - Linxuan Huang
- Department of Oncology, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Tumors, The Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan people's hospital), Dongguan, 523059, China
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14
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Scott E, Hodgson K, Calle B, Turner H, Cheung K, Bermudez A, Marques FJG, Pye H, Yo EC, Islam K, Oo HZ, McClurg UL, Wilson L, Thomas H, Frame FM, Orozco-Moreno M, Bastian K, Arredondo HM, Roustan C, Gray MA, Kelly L, Tolson A, Mellor E, Hysenaj G, Goode EA, Garnham R, Duxfield A, Heavey S, Stopka-Farooqui U, Haider A, Freeman A, Singh S, Johnston EW, Punwani S, Knight B, McCullagh P, McGrath J, Crundwell M, Harries L, Bogdan D, Westaby D, Fowler G, Flohr P, Yuan W, Sharp A, de Bono J, Maitland NJ, Wisnovsky S, Bertozzi CR, Heer R, Guerrero RH, Daugaard M, Leivo J, Whitaker H, Pitteri S, Wang N, Elliott DJ, Schumann B, Munkley J. Upregulation of GALNT7 in prostate cancer modifies O-glycosylation and promotes tumour growth. Oncogene 2023; 42:926-937. [PMID: 36725887 PMCID: PMC10020086 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02604-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men and it is estimated that over 350,000 men worldwide die of prostate cancer every year. There remains an unmet clinical need to improve how clinically significant prostate cancer is diagnosed and develop new treatments for advanced disease. Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer implicated in tumour growth, metastasis, and immune evasion. One of the key drivers of aberrant glycosylation is the dysregulated expression of glycosylation enzymes within the cancer cell. Here, we demonstrate using multiple independent clinical cohorts that the glycosyltransferase enzyme GALNT7 is upregulated in prostate cancer tissue. We show GALNT7 can identify men with prostate cancer, using urine and blood samples, with improved diagnostic accuracy than serum PSA alone. We also show that GALNT7 levels remain high in progression to castrate-resistant disease, and using in vitro and in vivo models, reveal that GALNT7 promotes prostate tumour growth. Mechanistically, GALNT7 can modify O-glycosylation in prostate cancer cells and correlates with cell cycle and immune signalling pathways. Our study provides a new biomarker to aid the diagnosis of clinically significant disease and cements GALNT7-mediated O-glycosylation as an important driver of prostate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Scott
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Kirsty Hodgson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Beatriz Calle
- The Chemical Glycobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT, London, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ, London, UK
| | - Helen Turner
- Cellular Pathology, The Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Kathleen Cheung
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Abel Bermudez
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Fernando Jose Garcia Marques
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Hayley Pye
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, Charles Bell House, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Edward Christopher Yo
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Khirul Islam
- Department of Life Technologies, Division of Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Htoo Zarni Oo
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Urszula L McClurg
- Institute for Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Laura Wilson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Huw Thomas
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Fiona M Frame
- Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Margarita Orozco-Moreno
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Kayla Bastian
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Hector M Arredondo
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Chloe Roustan
- Structural Biology Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT, London, UK
| | - Melissa Anne Gray
- Sarafan Chem-H and Departemnt of Chemistry, Stanford University, 424 Santa Teresa St, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lois Kelly
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Aaron Tolson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ellie Mellor
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Gerald Hysenaj
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Emily Archer Goode
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Rebecca Garnham
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Adam Duxfield
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Susan Heavey
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, Charles Bell House, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Urszula Stopka-Farooqui
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, Charles Bell House, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Aiman Haider
- Department of Pathology, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Alex Freeman
- Department of Pathology, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Saurabh Singh
- UCL Centre for Medical Imaging, Charles Bell House, University College London, London, UK
| | - Edward W Johnston
- UCL Centre for Medical Imaging, Charles Bell House, University College London, London, UK
| | - Shonit Punwani
- UCL Centre for Medical Imaging, Charles Bell House, University College London, London, UK
| | - Bridget Knight
- NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Paul McCullagh
- Department of Pathology, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - John McGrath
- Exeter Surgical Health Services Research Unit, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Malcolm Crundwell
- Exeter Surgical Health Services Research Unit, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Lorna Harries
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Denisa Bogdan
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Daniel Westaby
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Gemma Fowler
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Penny Flohr
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Wei Yuan
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Adam Sharp
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Johann de Bono
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Prostate Cancer Targeted Therapy Group, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Norman J Maitland
- Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, North Yorkshire, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Simon Wisnovsky
- University of British Columbia, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 424 Santa Teresa St, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Rakesh Heer
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Ramon Hurtado Guerrero
- University of Zaragoza, Mariano Esquillor s/n, Campus Rio Ebro, Edificio I+D, Zaragoza, Spain; Fundación ARAID, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Daugaard
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Janne Leivo
- Department of Life Technologies, Division of Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Hayley Whitaker
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, Charles Bell House, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sharon Pitteri
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Ning Wang
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - David J Elliott
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Benjamin Schumann
- The Chemical Glycobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT, London, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, W12 0BZ, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, UK.
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15
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Campos SGP, Gonçalves BF, Ruiz TFR, Leonel ECR, Ribeiro DL, Falleiros Junior LR, Goes RM, Taboga SR. Proteoglycans orchestrate remodeling of prostatic cytoarchitecture after androgenic blockade in old gerbils. Prostate 2023; 83:179-189. [PMID: 36262059 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate modifications in proteoglycan morphology and composition in the prostatic stroma of 18-month-old gerbils after surgical castration, in association or not with an androgenic blockade. METHODS The animals (n = 5) were sorted into groups subjected or not to antiandrogen treatment (flutamide 10 mg/kg/day) administered for the total postsurgery period and euthanized at 7- or 30-day postcastration; the control group consisted of intact animals. Tissue analysis included immunohistochemical assessment (perlecan and chondroitin sulfate) and proteoglycan morphology was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Chondroitin sulfate frequency was increased 7 days postcastration with an androgenic blockade. The presence of these carbohydrates was rare after 30 days of androgenic blockade treatment. There was a significant increase in the amount of perlecan in the prostate stroma from groups subjected to castration plus flutamide for 7 or 30 days. Ultrastructural analysis showed that the incidence of areas occupied by proteoglycans and basement membrane was altered by treatment. In addition, androgenic blockade results in changes in the amount, thickness, and morphology of these structures. At 30 days postcastration, with or without flutamide treatment, larger proteoglycans were common. CONCLUSIONS In this study, in particular, the decrease in chondroitin sulfate after the longer period might be understood as a prostatic response to androgenic deprivation, while the high frequency and permanence of perlecan led to the assumption that its modulation could be androgen-independent. Length and form alterations in proteoglycans as well as associations among them and with the basement membrane were dynamic events in the prostate microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana G P Campos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca F Gonçalves
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thalles Fernando Rocha Ruiz
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ellen Cristina R Leonel
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Daniele L Ribeiro
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Embriology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences-ICBIM, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Rejane M Goes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sebastião R Taboga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Liu W, Yu M, Cheng S, Zhou X, Li J, Lu Y, Liu P, Ding S. tRNA-Derived RNA Fragments Are Novel Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Tumor Subtypes in Prostate Cancer. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:981-999. [PMID: 36661724 PMCID: PMC9857875 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs) are a novel class of small ncRNA that are derived from precursor or mature tRNAs. Recently, the general relevance of their roles and clinical values in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and recurrence have been increasingly highlighted. However, there has been no specific systematic study to elucidate any potential clinical significance for these tRFs in prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD), one of the most common and malignant cancers that threatens male health worldwide. Here, we investigate the clinical value of 5'-tRFs in PRAD. METHODS Small RNA sequencing data were analyzed to discover new 5'-tRFs biomarkers for PRAD. Machine learning algorithms were used to identify 5'-tRF classifiers to distinguish PRAD tumors from normal tissues. LASSO and Cox regression analyses were used to construct 5'-tRF prognostic predictive models. NMF and consensus clustering analyses were performed on 5'-tRF profiles to identify molecular subtypes of PRAD. RESULTS The overall levels of 5'-tRFs were significantly upregulated in the PRAD tumor samples compared to their adjacent normal samples. tRF classifiers composed of 13 5'-tRFs achieved AUC values as high as 0.963, showing high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing PRAD tumors from normal samples. Multiple 5'-tRFs were identified as being associated with the PRAD prognosis. The tRF score, defined by a set of eight 5'-tRFs, was highly predictive of survival in PRAD patients. The combination of tRF and Gleason scores showed a significantly better performance than the Gleason score alone, suggesting that 5'-tRFs can offer PRAD patients additional and improved prognostic information. Four molecular subtypes of the PRAD tumor were identified based on their 5'-tRF expression profiles. Genetically, these 5'-tRFs PRAD tumor subtypes exhibited distinct genomic landscapes in tumor cells. Clinically, they showed marked differences in survival and clinicopathological features. CONCLUSIONS 5'-tRFs are potential clinical biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and classification of tumor subtypes on a molecular level. These can help clinicians formulate personalized treatment plans for PRAD patients and may have similar potential applications for other disease types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mengqian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Sheng Cheng
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Pengyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310013, China
- Department of Physiology and Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Shiping Ding
- Department of Cell Biology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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17
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Effect and Mechanism Analysis of Pig FUT8 Gene on Resistance to Escherichia coli F18 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314713. [PMID: 36499043 PMCID: PMC9739813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-weaning diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F18 (E. coli F18) causes significant economic losses for pig producers. Fucosyltransferase 8 (FUT8) is a glycosyltransferase that catalyzes core fucosylation; however, its role in mediating the resistance to E. coli F18 infection in pigs remains unknown. In this study, we systematically verified the relationship between FUT8 expression and E. coli resistance. The results showed that FUT8 was expressed in all detected tissues of Meishan piglets and that its expression was significantly increased in the duodenum and jejunum of E. coli F18-sensitive individuals when compared to E. coli F18-resistant individuals. FUT8 expression increased after exposure to E. coli F18 (p < 0.05) and decreased significantly after LPS induction for 6 h (p < 0.01). Then, the IPEC-J2 stable cell line with FUT8 interference was constructed, and FUT8 knockdown decreased the adhesion of E. coli F18ac to IPEC-J2 cells (p < 0.05). Moreover, we performed a comparative transcriptome study of IPEC-J2 cells after FUT8 knockdown via RNA-seq. In addition, further expression verification demonstrated the significant effect of FUT8 on the glycosphingolipid biosynthesis and Toll-like signaling pathways. Moreover, the core promoter of FUT8, which was located at −1213 bp to −673 bp, was identified via luciferase assay. Interestingly, we found a 1 bp C base insertion mutation at the −774 bp region, which could clearly inhibit the transcriptional binding activity of C/EBPα to an FUT8 promoter. Therefore, it is speculated that FUT8 acts in a critical role in the process of E. coli infection; furthermore, the low expression of FUT8 is conducive to the enhancement of E. coli resistance in piglets. Our findings revealed the mechanism of pig FUT8 in regulating E. coli resistance, which provided a theoretical basis for the screening of E. coli resistance in Chinese local pig breeds.
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18
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Dent M, Mayer KL, Verjan Garcia N, Guo H, Kajiura H, Fujiyama K, Matoba N. Impact of glycoengineering and antidrug antibodies on the anticancer activity of a plant-made lectin-Fc fusion protein. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:2217-2230. [PMID: 35900183 PMCID: PMC9616523 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants are an efficient production platform for manufacturing glycoengineered monoclonal antibodies and antibody-like molecules. Avaren-Fc (AvFc) is a lectin-Fc fusion protein or lectibody produced in Nicotiana benthamiana, which selectively recognizes cancer-associated high-mannose glycans. In this study, we report the generation of a glycovariant of AvFc that is devoid of plant glycans, including the core α1,3-fucose and β1,2-xylose residues. The successful removal of these glycans was confirmed by glycan analysis using HPLC. This variant, AvFcΔXF , has significantly higher affinity for Fc gamma receptors and induces higher levels of luciferase expression in an antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) reporter assay against B16F10 murine melanoma cells without inducing apoptosis or inhibiting proliferation. In the B16F10 flank tumour mouse model, we found that systemic administration of AvFcΔXF , but not an aglycosylated AvFc variant lacking affinity for Fc receptors, significantly delayed the growth of tumours, suggesting that Fc-mediated effector functions were integral. AvFcΔXF treatment also significantly reduced lung metastasis of B16F10 upon intravenous challenge whereas a sugar-binding-deficient mutant failed to show efficacy. Lastly, we determined the impact of antidrug antibodies (ADAs) on drug activity in vivo by pretreating animals with AvFcΔXF before implanting tumours. Despite a significant ADA response induced by the pretreatment, we found that the activity of AvFcΔXF was unaffected by the presence of these antibodies. These results demonstrate that glycoengineering is a powerful strategy to enhance AvFc's antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Dent
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA
| | - Katarina L. Mayer
- UofL Health – Brown Cancer CenterUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA
| | - Noel Verjan Garcia
- UofL Health – Brown Cancer CenterUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA
| | - Haixun Guo
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA
- Center for Predictive MedicineUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA
| | - Hiroyuki Kajiura
- International Center for BiotechnologyOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan
| | | | - Nobuyuki Matoba
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA
- UofL Health – Brown Cancer CenterUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA
- Center for Predictive MedicineUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKYUSA
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19
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Kurhade SE, Ross P, Gao FP, Farrell MP. Lectin Drug Conjugates Targeting High Mannose N-Glycans. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200266. [PMID: 35816406 PMCID: PMC9738879 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated alterations to glycosylation have been shown to aid cancer development and progression. An increased abundance of high mannose N-glycans has been observed in several cancers. Here, we describe the preparation of lectin drug conjugates (LDCs) that permit toxin delivery to cancer cells presenting high mannose N-glycans. Additionally, we demonstrate that cancer cells presenting low levels of high mannose N-glycans can be rendered sensitive to the LDCs by co-treatment with a type I mannosidase inhibitor. Our findings establish that an increased abundance of high mannose N-glycans in the glycocalyx of cancer cells can be leveraged to enable toxin delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh E Kurhade
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 2034 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Patrick Ross
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 2034 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Fei Philip Gao
- Protein Production Group, The University of Kansas, 2034 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Mark P Farrell
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 2034 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
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20
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Miller ID, Kohlhagen MC, Ladwig PM, Dasari S, Kumar S, Dispenzieri A, Willrich MAV, Murray DL. Characterizing M-protein light chain glycosylation via mass spectrometry. Clin Biochem 2022; 109-110:11-16. [PMID: 36113628 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) patients with M-proteins containing n-glycosylated light chains (GLC) have an increased risk for progression to symptomatic plasma cell disorders (PCD). Large-scale research involving the determination of glycan specific moieties is understudied due to the lack of clinically viable methods. This report documents a proof-of-concept glycan characterization method for patients with M-protein GLCs. DESIGN AND METHODS Twenty-three previously characterized MGUS patients with glycosylated light chains identified by MASS-FIX were used for this study. Glycosylated light chains were enriched from patient serum using light chain (LC) specific Sepharose nanobody beads (NB), followed by glycan digestion via PNGase F. Glycan moieties were derivatized on-target using Girard's reagent T for MALDI-TOF analysis and confirmed with top-down GLC LC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS analysis. RESULTS Intact GLC LC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS and cleaved glycan MALDI-TOF MS analysis had 100% agreement for the top three intensity glycans between spectra and 88 percent agreement for all reported glycan moieties. GLC moieties among patients were similar with fucosylation being the only notable difference. Additionally, doubly glycosylated light chains were observed in two patients. CONCLUSIONS The MALDI-TOF method provides the tools to characterize and evaluate GLCs in a clinical setting as it is adaptable to our clinical MASS-Fix assay, relatively cheap, and accurate in glycan moiety assignments as confirmed by top-down GLC LC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira D Miller
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mindy C Kohlhagen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Paula M Ladwig
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Surendra Dasari
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Shaji Kumar
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Angela Dispenzieri
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - David L Murray
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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21
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Aberrant Sialylation in Cancer: Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174248. [PMID: 36077781 PMCID: PMC9454432 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The surface of every eukaryotic cell is coated in a thick layer of glycans that acts as a key interface with the extracellular environment. Cancer cells have a different ‘glycan coat’ to healthy cells and aberrant glycosylation is a universal feature of cancer cells linked to all of the cancer hallmarks. This means glycans hold huge potential for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. One key change in tumour glycosylation is increased sialylation, both on N-glycans and O-glycans, which leads to a dense forest of sialylated structures covering the cell surface. This hypersialylation has far-reaching consequences for cancer cells, and sialylated glycans are fundamental in tumour growth, metastasis, immune evasion and drug resistance. The development of strategies to inhibit aberrant sialylation in cancer represents an important opportunity to develop new therapeutics. Here, I summarise recent advances to target aberrant sialylation in cancer, including the development of sialyltransferase inhibitors and strategies to inhibit Siglecs and Selectins, and discuss opportunities for the future.
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22
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Wu H, Zhao X, Zhu T, Rong D, Wang Y, Leng D, Wu D. A Glycosyltransferase-Related Signature for Predicting Overall Survival in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:856671. [PMID: 35899200 PMCID: PMC9311713 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.856671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Here, we establish a prognostic signature based on glycosyltransferase-related genes (GTRGs) for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. Methods: The prognostic signature of GTRGs was constructed via univariate and multivariate Cox analyses after obtaining the expression patterns of GTRGs from the TCGA. A nomogram based on the signature and clinical parameters was established to predict the survival of each HNSCC patient. Potential mechanisms were explored through gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints, immunotherapy, and tumor mutational burden (TMB) analyses. The expression differences and prognostic efficacy of the signature were verified through the gene expression omnibus (GEO) and several online databases. Results: The prognostic signature was constructed based on five glycosyltransferases (PYGL, ALG3, EXT2, FUT2, and KDELC1) and validated in the GSE65858 dataset. The pathways enriched in the high- and low-risk groups were significantly different. The high-risk group had higher tumor purity; lower infiltration of immune cells, such as CD8+ T cells and Tregs; higher cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) infiltration; lower immune function; and lower checkpoint expression. The signature can also be applied to distinguish whether patients benefit from immunotherapy. In addition, the high-risk group had a higher TMB and more gene mutations, including those in TP53, CSMD1, CDKN2A, and MUC17. Conclusion: We propose a prognostic signature based on glycosyltransferases for HNSCC patients that may provide potential targets and biomarkers for the precise treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Wu
- Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Rong
- Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Diya Leng
- Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Daming Wu
- Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Daming Wu,
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23
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Gao Y, Shen L, Dong T, Yang X, Cui H, Guo Y, Ma Y, Kong P, Cheng X, Zhang L, Cui Y. An N-glycoproteomic site-mapping analysis reveals glycoprotein alterations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Transl Med 2022; 20:285. [PMID: 35752862 PMCID: PMC9233802 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03489-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aberrant glycosylation has been recognized as a hallmark of cancer and N-glycosylation is one of the main types of glycosylation in eukaryotes. Although N-glycoproteomics has made contributions to the discovery of biomarkers in a variety of cancers, less is known about the abnormal glycosylation signatures in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods In this study, we reported the proteomics and N-glycoproteomic site-mapping analysis of eight pairs of ESCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues. With zic-HILIC enrichment, TMT-based isobaric labeling, LC–MS/MS analysis, differentially expressed N-glycosylation was quantitatively characterized. Lectin affinity enrichment combined with western blot was used to validate the potential biomarkers in ESCC. Results A series of differentially expressed glycoproteins (e.g., LAMP2, PLOD2) and enriched signaling pathways (e.g., metabolism-related pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, focal adhesion) were identified. Besides that, seven significantly enriched motifs were found from the identified N-glycosylation sites. Three clusters were identified after conducting the dynamic profiling analysis of glycoprotein change during lymph node metastasis progression. Further validation found that the elevated fucosylation level of ITGB1, CD276 contributed to the occurrence and development of ESCC, which might be the potential biomarkers in ESCC. Conclusion In summary, we characterized the N-glycosylation and N-glycoprotein alterations associated with ESCC. The typical changes in glycoprotein expression and glycosylation occupancy identified in our study will not only be used as ESCC biomarkers but also improve the understanding of ESCC biology. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03489-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhen Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuyi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyue Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Heyang Cui
- Cancer Institute, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanchun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengzhou Kong
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China. .,Cancer Institute, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518035, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongping Cui
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China. .,Cancer Institute, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (PKU-HKUST) Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518035, People's Republic of China.
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Oh YJ, Dent MW, Freels AR, Zhou Q, Lebrilla CB, Merchant ML, Matoba N. Antitumor activity of a lectibody targeting cancer-associated high-mannose glycans. Mol Ther 2022; 30:1523-1535. [PMID: 35077861 PMCID: PMC9077314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant protein glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer, but few drugs targeting cancer glycobiomarkers are currently available. Here, we showed that a lectibody consisting of the high-mannose glycan-binding lectin Avaren and human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) Fc (AvFc) selectively recognizes a range of cell lines derived from lung, breast, colon, and blood cancers at nanomolar concentrations. Binding of AvFc to the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines A549 and H460 was characterized in detail. Co-immunoprecipitation proteomics analysis revealed that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) are among the lectibody's common targets in these cells. AvFc blocked the activation of EGFR and IGF1R by their respective ligands in A549 cells and inhibited the migration of A549 and H460 cells upon stimulation with EGF and IGF1. Furthermore, AvFc induced potent Fc-mediated cytotoxic effects and significantly restricted A549 and H460 tumor growth in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Immunohistochemistry analysis of primary lung tissues from NSCLC patients demonstrated that AvFc preferentially binds to tumors over adjacent non-tumor tissues. Our findings provide evidence that increased abundance of high-mannose glycans in the glycocalyx of cancer cells can be a druggable target, and AvFc may provide a new tool to probe and target this tumor-associated glycobiomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jun Oh
- UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 505 S. Hancock Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Matthew W Dent
- UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 505 S. Hancock Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Angela R Freels
- UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 505 S. Hancock Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Qingwen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Carlito B Lebrilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Michael L Merchant
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY, USA
| | - Nobuyuki Matoba
- UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 505 S. Hancock Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA; Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
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25
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Yuan W, Liu B, Sanda M, Wei R, Benicky J, Novakova Z, Barinka C, Goldman R. Glycoforms of human prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in human cells and prostate tissue. Prostate 2022; 82:132-144. [PMID: 34662441 PMCID: PMC9646948 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION N-glycosylation is a ubiquitous and variable posttranslational modification that regulates physiological functions of secretory and membrane-associated proteins and the dysregulation of glycosylation pathways is often associated with cancer growth and metastasis. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an established biomarker for prostate cancer imaging and therapy. METHODS Mass spectrometry was used to analyze the distribution of the site-specific glycoforms of PSMA in insect, human embryonic kidney, and prostate cancer cells, and in prostate tissue upon immunoaffinity enrichment. RESULTS While recombinant PSMA expressed in insect cells was decorated mainly by paucimannose and high mannose glycans, complex, hybrid, and high mannose glycans were detected in samples from human cells and tissue. We noted an interesting spatial distribution of the glycoforms on the PSMA surface-high mannose glycans were the dominant glycoforms at the N459, N476, and N638 sequons facing the plasma membrane, while the N121, N195, and N336 sites, located at the exposed apical PSMA domain, carried primarily complex glycans. The presence of high mannose glycoforms at the former sequons likely results from the limited access of enzymes of the glycosynthetic pathway required for the synthesis of the complex structures. In line with the limited accessibility of membrane-proximal sites, no glycosylation was observed at the N51 site positioned closest to the membrane. CONCLUSIONS Our study presents initial descriptive analysis of the glycoforms of PSMA observed in cell lines and in prostate tissue. It will hopefully stimulate further research into PSMA glycoforms in the context of tumor staging, noninvasive detection of prostate tumors, and the impact of glycoforms on physicochemical and enzymatic characteristics of PSMA in a tissue-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
- Clinical and Translational Glycoscience Research Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Baoqin Liu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Miloslav Sanda
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
- Clinical and Translational Glycoscience Research Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Renhuizi Wei
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
- Clinical and Translational Glycoscience Research Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Julius Benicky
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
- Clinical and Translational Glycoscience Research Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Zora Novakova
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Cyril Barinka
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Radoslav Goldman
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
- Clinical and Translational Glycoscience Research Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
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26
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Fucosylation in Urological Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413333. [PMID: 34948129 PMCID: PMC8708646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucosylation is an oligosaccharide modification that plays an important role in immune response and malignancy, and specific fucosyltransferases (FUTs) catalyze the three types of fucosylations: core-type, Lewis type, and H type. FUTs regulate cancer proliferation, invasiveness, and resistance to chemotherapy by modifying the glycosylation of signaling receptors. Oligosaccharides on PD-1/PD-L1 proteins are specifically fucosylated, leading to functional modifications. Expression of FUTs is upregulated in renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer. Aberrant fucosylation in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) could be used as a novel biomarker for prostate cancer. Furthermore, elucidation of the biological function of fucosylation could result in the development of novel therapeutic targets. Further studies are needed in the field of fucosylation glycobiology in urological malignancies.
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27
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Esmail S, Manolson MF. Advances in understanding N-glycosylation structure, function, and regulation in health and disease. Eur J Cell Biol 2021; 100:151186. [PMID: 34839178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2021.151186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
N-linked glycosylation is a post-translational modification crucial for membrane protein folding, stability and other cellular functions. Alteration of membrane protein N-glycans is implicated in wide range of pathological conditions including cancer metastasis, chronic inflammatory diseases, and viral pathogenesis. Even though the roles of N-glycans have been studied extensively, our knowledge of their mechanisms remains unclear due to the lack of detailed structural analysis of the N-glycome. Mapping the N-glycome landscape will open new avenues to explore disease mechanisms and identify novel therapeutic targets. This review discusses the diverse structure of N-linked glycans, the function and regulation of N-glycosylation in health and disease, and ends with a focus on recent approaches to target N-glycans in rheumatoid arthritis and cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Esmail
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada.
| | - Morris F Manolson
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada
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28
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Simultaneous analysis of serum α2,3-linked sialylation and core-type fucosylation of prostate-specific antigen for the detection of high-grade prostate cancer. Br J Cancer 2021; 126:764-770. [PMID: 34802050 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered prostate-specific antigen (PSA) glycosylation patterns can be useful biomarkers in detecting high-grade prostate cancer (HGPC). The microfluidic immunoassay system can analyse α2,3-linked sialylated PSA (α2,3-Sia-PSA) and α1,6-linked fucosylated PSA (α1,6-Fuc-PSA) using different lectins, Mackkia amurensis agglutinin and Pholiota squarrosa lectin, respectively. Here, we investigated the diagnostic value of simultaneous analysis of α2,3-Sia-PSA and α1,6-Fuc-PSA for the detection of HGPC. METHODS Men with serum PSA levels of 4-20 ng/mL who underwent prostate biopsy were included. The model to predict HGPC (Gleason grade ≥2) was constructed by multivariate logistic regression analysis, in combination with α2,3-Sia-PSA and α1,6-Fuc-PSA (SF index). RESULTS In the development cohort (n = 150), the SF index showed good discrimination for HGPC (area under the receiver-operating curve (AUC) 0.842; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.782-0.903), compared to the single PSA test (AUC 0.632, 95% CI 0.543-0.721), α2,3-Sia-PSA (AUC 0.711, 95% CI 0.629-0.793) and α1,6-Fuc-PSA (AUC 0.738, 95% CI 0.657-0.819). Decision-curve analysis showed the superior benefit of the SF index. In the validation cohort (n = 57), the SF index showed good discrimination for HGPC (AUC 0.769, 95% CI 0.643-0.895). CONCLUSIONS The SF index could differentiate HGPC, providing useful information for decision making for prostate biopsy in men with abnormal PSA levels.
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29
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Lectins applied to diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer and benign hyperplasia: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 190:543-553. [PMID: 34508719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Environmental factors, as well as genetic factors, contribute to the increase in prostate cancer cases (PCa), the second leading cause of cancer death in men. This fact calls for the development of more reliable, quick and low-cost early detection tests to distinguish between malignant and benign cases. Abnormal cell glycosylation pattern is a promising PCa marker for this purpose. Proteins, such as lectins can decode the information contained in the glycosylation patterns. Several studies have reported on applications of plant lectins as diagnostic tools for PCa considering the ability to differentiate it from benign cases. In addition, they can be used to detect, separate and differentiate the glycosylation patterns of cells or proteins present in serum, urine and semen. Herein, we present an overview of these studies, showing the lectins that map glycans differentially expressed in PCa, as well as benign hyperplasia (BPH). We further review their applications in biosensors, histochemical tests, immunoassays, chromatography, arrays and, finally, their therapeutic potential. This is the first study to review vegetable lectins applied specifically to PCa.
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30
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Reider B, Gacsi E, Jankovics H, Vonderviszt F, Szarvas T, Guttman A, Jarvas G. Integrated workflow for urinary prostate specific antigen N-glycosylation analysis using sdAb partitioning and downstream capillary electrophoresis separation. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1184:338892. [PMID: 34625256 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer represents the second highest malignancy rate in men in all cancer diagnoses worldwide. The development and progression of prostate cancer is not completely understood yet at molecular level, but it has been reported that changes in the N-glycosylation of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) occur during tumor genesis. In this paper we report on the development and implementation of a high-throughput capillary electrophoresis based glycan analysis workflow for urinary PSA analysis. The technology utilizes selective, high yield single domain antibody based PSA capture, followed by preconcentration and capillary electrophoresis coupled with laser-induced fluorescence detection, resulting in high resolution N-glycan profiles. Urinary PSA glycan profiles were compared to a commercially available PSA standard revealing differences in their α2,3- and α2,6-sialylated isomers, proving the excellent selectivity of the suggested workflow. This is important as sialylation classification plays an important role in the differentiation between indolent, significant and aggressive forms of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balazs Reider
- Translational Glycomics Research Group, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprem, Hungary
| | - Eszter Gacsi
- Bio-Nanosystems Laboratory, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprem, Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Jankovics
- Bio-Nanosystems Laboratory, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprem, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Vonderviszt
- Bio-Nanosystems Laboratory, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprem, Hungary
| | - Tibor Szarvas
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Urology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andras Guttman
- Translational Glycomics Research Group, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprem, Hungary; Horváth Csaba Memorial Laboratory of Bioseparation Sciences, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gabor Jarvas
- Translational Glycomics Research Group, Research Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Veszprem, Hungary; Horváth Csaba Memorial Laboratory of Bioseparation Sciences, Research Centre for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
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31
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Jung SY, Lee HK, Kim H, Kim S, Kim JS, Kang JG, Kuh HJ, Yoo JS, Ko JH, Lee JH. Depletion of ST6GALNACIII retards A549 non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation by downregulating transferrin receptor protein 1 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 575:78-84. [PMID: 34461439 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in sialylation of terminal residues of glycoproteins have been implicated in forming tumor-associated glycans. ST6GALNAC transfers sialyl moiety to N-acetylgalactosamine residue via α2,6 linkage. Although the oncogenic characteristics of ST6GALNACI or II have been demonstrated in various cancer cells, the impact of ST6GALNACIII on tumor progression remains undefined. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ST6GALNACIII knockdown on the growth of A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells. ST6GALNACIII depletion resulted in significant retardation in growth of A549 cells under various culture conditions, including collagen-supported 3D culture and anchorage-independent soft agar culture conditions. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry revealed that two glycopeptides of transferrin receptor protein 1 (TFR1) containing N-acetylhexosamine-sialic acid were not detected in ST6GALNACIII-depleted A549 cells compared with control cells. Subsequent lectin binding assay, western blotting, and real-time RT-PCR indicated that TFR1 sialylation was not significantly changed, but TFR1 protein and mRNA expressions were decreased after ST6GALNACIII knockdown. However, cell growth retardation by ST6GALNACIII knockdown was partially rescued by TFR1 overexpression. Additionally, TFR1 mRNA degradation was accelerated following ST6GALNACIII knockdown with concomitant reduction in mRNA levels of iron regulatory protein 1 and 2, the upstream regulators of TFR1 mRNA stability. Therefore, our results indicated an important role of ST6GALNACIII in promoting A549 cell growth through quantitative regulation of TFR1 expression and provided therapeutic implications for ST6GALNACIII targeting in tumor growth suppression in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Young Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea; Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kyoung Lee
- Research Center of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, 28119, South Korea
| | - Hyungmin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea; Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea; Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Seulki Kim
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Jung Soo Kim
- Genome Editing Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Jeong Gu Kang
- Genome Editing Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Jeong Kuh
- Department of Medical Life Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Jong Shin Yoo
- Research Center of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, 28119, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Heon Ko
- Genome Editing Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
| | - Jeong-Hwa Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea; Institute for Aging and Metabolic Diseases, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea.
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32
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Liu D, Zhu J, Zhao T, Sharapov S, Tiys E, Wu L. Associations Between Genetically Predicted Plasma N-Glycans and Prostate Cancer Risk: Analysis of Over 140,000 European Descendants. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2021; 14:1211-1220. [PMID: 34588798 PMCID: PMC8473033 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s319308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous studies suggest a potential link between glycosylation and prostate cancer. To better characterize the relationship between the two, we performed a study to comprehensively evaluate the associations between genetically predicted blood plasma N-glycan levels and prostate cancer risk. Methods Using genetic variants associated with N-glycan levels as instruments, we evaluated the associations between levels of 138 plasma N-glycans and prostate cancer risk. We analyzed data of 79,194 cases and 61,112 controls of European ancestry included in the consortia of BPC3, CAPS, CRUK, PEGASUS, and PRACTICAL. Results We identified three N-glycans with genetically predicted levels in plasma to be associated with prostate cancer risk after Bonferroni correction. The estimated odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 1.29 (1.20–1.40), 0.80 (0.74–0.88), and 0.79 (0.72–0.87) for PGP18, PGP33, and PGP109, respectively, per every one standard deviation increase in genetically predicted levels of N-glycan. However, the instruments for these N-glycans only involved one to two variants. The proportions of variations that can be explained by the instruments range from 1.58% to 2.95% for these three N-glycans. Conclusion We observed associations between genetically predicted levels of three N-glycans PGP18, PGP33, and PGP109 and prostate cancer risk. Given the correlated nature of the N-glycans and that many N-glycans share genetic loci, pleiotropy is a major concern. Future work is warranted to better characterize the relationship between N-glycans and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Cancer Epidemiology Division, Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Tianying Zhao
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.,Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Sodbo Sharapov
- Laboratory of Glycogenomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgeny Tiys
- Laboratory of Glycogenomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Lang Wu
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
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33
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Glycosylation: Rising Potential for Prostate Cancer Evaluation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153726. [PMID: 34359624 PMCID: PMC8345048 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aberrant protein glycosylation is a well-known hallmark of cancer and is associated with differential expression of enzymes such as glycosyltransferases and glycosidases. The altered expression of the enzymes triggers cancer cells to produce glycoproteins with specific cancer-related aberrations in glycan structures. Increasing number of data indicate that glycosylation patterns of PSA and other prostate-originated proteins exert a potential to distinguish between benign prostate disease and cancer as well as among different stages of prostate cancer development and aggressiveness. This review summarizes the alterations in glycan sialylation, fucosylation, truncated O-glycans, and LacdiNAc groups outlining their potential applications in non-invasive diagnostic procedures of prostate diseases. Further research is desired to develop more general algorithms exploiting glycobiology data for the improvement of prostate diseases evaluation. Abstract Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer among men. Alterations in protein glycosylation are confirmed to be a reliable hallmark of cancer. Prostate-specific antigen is the biomarker that is used most frequently for prostate cancer detection, although its lack of sensitivity and specificity results in many unnecessary biopsies. A wide range of glycosylation alterations in prostate cancer cells, including increased sialylation and fucosylation, can modify protein function and play a crucial role in many important biological processes in cancer, including cell signalling, adhesion, migration, and cellular metabolism. In this review, we summarize studies evaluating the prostate cancer associated glycosylation related alterations in sialylation, mainly α2,3-sialylation, core fucosylation, branched N-glycans, LacdiNAc group and presence of truncated O-glycans (sTn, sT antigen). Finally, we discuss the great potential to make use of glycans as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for prostate cancer.
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34
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Chiang AWT, Baghdassarian HM, Kellman BP, Bao B, Sorrentino JT, Liang C, Kuo CC, Masson HO, Lewis NE. Systems glycobiology for discovering drug targets, biomarkers, and rational designs for glyco-immunotherapy. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:50. [PMID: 34158025 PMCID: PMC8218521 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00746-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized treatment and led to an unprecedented wave of immuno-oncology research during the past two decades. In 2018, two pioneer immunotherapy innovators, Tasuku Honjo and James P. Allison, were awarded the Nobel Prize for their landmark cancer immunotherapy work regarding “cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation” –CTLA4 and PD-1 immune checkpoints. However, the challenge in the coming decade is to develop cancer immunotherapies that can more consistently treat various patients and cancer types. Overcoming this challenge requires a systemic understanding of the underlying interactions between immune cells, tumor cells, and immunotherapeutics. The role of aberrant glycosylation in this process, and how it influences tumor immunity and immunotherapy is beginning to emerge. Herein, we review current knowledge of miRNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms of glycosylation machinery, and how these carbohydrate moieties impact immune cell and tumor cell interactions. We discuss these insights in the context of clinical findings and provide an outlook on modulating the regulation of glycosylation to offer new therapeutic opportunities. Finally, in the coming age of systems glycobiology, we highlight how emerging technologies in systems glycobiology are enabling deeper insights into cancer immuno-oncology, helping identify novel drug targets and key biomarkers of cancer, and facilitating the rational design of glyco-immunotherapies. These hold great promise clinically in the immuno-oncology field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin W T Chiang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA. .,The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Hratch M Baghdassarian
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Benjamin P Kellman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Bokan Bao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - James T Sorrentino
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Chenguang Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Chih-Chung Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Helen O Masson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Nathan E Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0760, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability at the University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.,The National Biologics Facility, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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Young C, Condina MR, Briggs MT, Moh ESX, Kaur G, Oehler MK, Hoffmann P. In-House Packed Porous Graphitic Carbon Columns for Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of N-Glycans. Front Chem 2021; 9:653959. [PMID: 34178940 PMCID: PMC8226321 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.653959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is a common post-translational modification that modulates biological processes such as the immune response and protein trafficking. Altered glycosylation profiles are associated with cancer and inflammatory diseases, as well as impacting the efficacy of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Consisting of oligosaccharides attached to asparagine residues, enzymatically released N-linked glycans are analytically challenging due to the diversity of isomeric structures that exist. A commonly used technique for quantitative N-glycan analysis is liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), which performs glycan separation and characterization. Although many reversed and normal stationary phases have been utilized for the separation of N-glycans, porous graphitic carbon (PGC) chromatography has become desirable because of its higher resolving capability, but is difficult to implement in a robust and reproducible manner. Herein, we demonstrate the analytical properties of a 15 cm fused silica capillary (75 µm i.d., 360 µm o.d.) packed in-house with Hypercarb PGC (3 µm) coupled to an Agilent 6550 Q-TOF mass spectrometer for N-glycan analysis in positive ion mode. In repeatability and intermediate precision measurements conducted on released N-glycans from a glycoprotein standard mixture, the majority of N-glycans reported low coefficients of variation with respect to retention times (≤4.2%) and peak areas (≤14.4%). N-glycans released from complex samples were also examined by PGC LC-MS. A total of 120 N-glycan structural and compositional isomers were obtained from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded ovarian cancer tissue sections. Finally, a comparison between early- and late-stage formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded ovarian cancer tissues revealed qualitative changes in the α2,3- and α2,6-sialic acid linkage of a fucosylated bi-antennary complex N-glycan. Although the α2,3-linkage was predominant in late-stage ovarian cancer, the alternate α2,6-linkage was more prevalent in early-stage ovarian cancer. This study establishes the utility of in-house packed PGC columns for the robust and reproducible LC-MS analysis of N-glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifford Young
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mark R Condina
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Matthew T Briggs
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Edward S X Moh
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gurjeet Kaur
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Martin K Oehler
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Peter Hoffmann
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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36
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Mass Spectrometry-Based Glycoproteomics and Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105222. [PMID: 34069262 PMCID: PMC8156230 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation has long been known to be associated with cancer, since it is involved in key mechanisms such as tumour onset, development and progression. This review will focus on protein glycosylation studies in cells, tissue, urine and serum in the context of prostate cancer. A dedicated section will cover the glycoforms of prostate specific antigen, the molecule that, despite some important limitations, is routinely tested for helping prostate cancer diagnosis. Our aim is to provide readers with an overview of mass spectrometry-based glycoproteomics of prostate cancer. From this perspective, the first part of this review will illustrate the main strategies for glycopeptide enrichment and mass spectrometric analysis. The molecular information obtained by glycoproteomic analysis performed by mass spectrometry has led to new insights into the mechanism linking aberrant glycosylation to cancer cell proliferation, migration and immunoescape.
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Sun X, He Z, Guo L, Wang C, Lin C, Ye L, Wang X, Li Y, Yang M, Liu S, Hua X, Wen W, Lin C, Long Z, Zhang W, Li H, Jian Y, Zhu Z, Wu X, Lin H. ALG3 contributes to stemness and radioresistance through regulating glycosylation of TGF-β receptor II in breast cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:149. [PMID: 33931075 PMCID: PMC8086123 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01932-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Radiotherapy is a conventional and effective local treatment for breast cancer. However, residual or recurrent tumors appears frequently because of radioresistance. Novel predictive marker and the potential therapeutic targets of breast cancer radioresistance needs to be investigated. Methods In this study, we screened all 10 asparagine-linked glycosylation (ALG) members in breast cancer patients’ samples by RT-PCR. Cell viability after irradiation (IR) was determined by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. The radiosensitivity of cell lines with different ALG3 expression was determined with the colony formation assay by fitting the multi-target single hit model to the surviving fractions. Cancer stem-like traits were assessed by RT-PCR, Western blot, and flow cytometry. The mechanisms of ALG3 influencing radiosensitivity was detected by Western blot and immunoprecipitation. And the effect of ALG3 on tumor growth after IR was verified in an orthotopic xenograft tumor models. The association of ALG3 with prognosis of breast cancer patients was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Results ALG3 was the most significantly overexpressing gene among ALG family in radioresistant breast cancer tissue. Overexpression of ALG3 predicted poor clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival (OS), and early local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) in breast cancer patients. Upregulating ALG3 enhanced radioresistance and cancer stemness in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, silencing ALG3 increased the radiosensitivity and repressed cancer stemness in vitro, and more importantly inhibition of ALG3 effectively increased the radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells in vivo. Mechanistically, our results further revealed ALG3 promoted radioresistance and cancer stemness by inducing glycosylation of TGF-β receptor II (TGFBR2). Importantly, both attenuation of glycosylation using tunicamycin and inhibition of TGFBR2 using LY2109761 differentially abrogated the stimulatory effect of ALG3 overexpression on cancer stemness and radioresistance. Finally, our findings showed that radiation played an important role in preventing early recurrence in breast cancer patients with low ALG3 levels, but it had limited efficacy in ALG3-overexpressing breast cancer patients. Conclusion Our results suggest that ALG3 may serve as a potential radiosensitive marker, and an effective target to decrease radioresistance by regulating glycosylation of TGFBR2 in breast cancer. For patients with low ALG3 levels, radiation remains an effective mainstay therapy to prevent early recurrence in breast cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-01932-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu He
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiqin Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuyong Lin
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Liping Ye
- Department of Experimental Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Meisongzhu Yang
- Department of Physiology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Sailan Liu
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Hua
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Wen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Lin
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqing Long
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Li
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunting Jian
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziyuan Zhu
- Department of General surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, 510150, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianqiu Wu
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China. .,Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen, 529030, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huanxin Lin
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Xu Z, Xu L, Liu L, Li H, Jin J, Peng M, Huang Y, Xiao H, Li Y, Guan H. A Glycolysis-Related Five-Gene Signature Predicts Biochemical Recurrence-Free Survival in Patients With Prostate Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:625452. [PMID: 33954109 PMCID: PMC8092437 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.625452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in males worldwide. Approximately 25% of all patients experience biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP) and BCR indicates increased risk for metastasis and castration resistance. PCa patients with highly glycolytic tumors have a worse prognosis. Thus, this study aimed to explore glycolysis-based predictive biomarkers for BCR. Expression data and clinical information of PCa samples were retrieved from three publicly available datasets. One from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was used as the training cohort, and two from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset (GSE54460 and GSE70769) were used as validation cohorts. Using the training cohort, univariate Cox regression survival analysis, robust likelihood-based survival model, and stepwise multiply Cox analysis were sequentially applied to explore predictive glycolysis-related candidates. A five-gene risk score was then constructed based on the Cox coefficient as the following: (−0.8367*GYS2) + (0.3448*STMN1) + (0.3595*PPFIA4) + (−0.1940*KDELR3) + (0.4779*ABCB6). Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to identify the optimal cut-off point, and patients were divided into low risk and high risk groups. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that high risk group had significantly shorter BCR free survival time as compared with that in low risk group in training and validation cohorts. In conclusion, our data support the glycolysis-based five-gene signature as a novel and robust signature for predicting BCR of PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The Translational Medicine Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiewen Jin
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaoguan Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanrui Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haipeng Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanbing Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Guan
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Song J, Ma S, Sokoll LJ, Eguez RV, Höti N, Zhang H, Mohr P, Dua R, Patil D, May KD, Williams S, Arnold R, Sanda MG, Chan DW, Zhang Z. A panel of selected serum protein biomarkers for the detection of aggressive prostate cancer. Theranostics 2021; 11:6214-6224. [PMID: 33995654 PMCID: PMC8120218 DOI: 10.7150/thno.55676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Current PSA-based tests used to detect prostate cancer (PCa) lack sufficient specificity, leading to significant overdetection and overtreatment. Our previous studies showed that serum fucosylated PSA (Fuc-PSA) and soluble TEK receptor tyrosine kinase (Tie-2) had the ability to predict aggressive (AG) PCa. Additional biomarkers are needed to address this significant clinical problem. Methods: A comprehensive Pubmed search followed by multiplex immunoassays identified candidate biomarkers associated with AG PCa. Subsequently, multiplex and lectin-based immunoassays were applied to a case-control set of sera from subjects with AG PCa, low risk PCa, and non-PCa (biopsy negative). These candidate biomarkers were further evaluated for their ability as panels to complement the prostate health index (phi) in detecting AG PCa. Results: When combined through logistic regression, two panel of biomarkers achieved the best performance: 1) phi, Fuc-PSA, SDC1, and GDF-15 for the detection of AG from low risk PCa and 2) phi, Fuc-PSA, SDC1, and Tie-2 for the detection of AG from low risk PCa and non-PCa, with noticeable improvements in ROC analysis over phi alone (AUCs: 0.942 vs 0.872, and 0.934 vs 0.898, respectively). At a fixed sensitivity of 95%, the panels improved specificity with statistical significance in detecting AG from low risk PCa (76.0% vs 56%, p=0.029), and from low risk PCa and non-PCa (78.2% vs 65.5%, p=0.010). Conclusions: Multivariate panels of serum biomarkers identified in this study demonstrated clinically meaningful improvement over the performance of phi, and warrant further clinical validation, which may contribute to the management of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Song
- Center for Biomarker Discovery and Translation, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Shiyong Ma
- Center for Biomarker Discovery and Translation, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Lori J. Sokoll
- Center for Biomarker Discovery and Translation, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Rodrigo V. Eguez
- Center for Biomarker Discovery and Translation, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Naseruddin Höti
- Center for Biomarker Discovery and Translation, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Center for Biomarker Discovery and Translation, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Phaedre Mohr
- Center for Biomarker Discovery and Translation, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Renu Dua
- Center for Biomarker Discovery and Translation, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Dattatraya Patil
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Kristen Douglas May
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Sierra Williams
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Rebecca Arnold
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Martin G. Sanda
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Daniel W. Chan
- Center for Biomarker Discovery and Translation, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Center for Biomarker Discovery and Translation, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
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40
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Lam C, Low JY, Tran PT, Wang H. The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and cancer: Current knowledge and future therapeutic strategies. Cancer Lett 2021; 503:11-18. [PMID: 33484754 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) is a glucose metabolism pathway that results in the synthesis of a nucleotide sugar UDP-GlcNAc, which is subsequently used for the post-translational modification (O-GlcNAcylation) of intracellular proteins that regulate nutrient sensing and stress response. The HBP is carried out by a series of enzymes, many of which have been extensively implicated in cancer pathophysiology. Increasing evidence suggests that elevated activation of the HBP may act as a cancer biomarker. Inhibition of HBP enzymes could suppress tumor cell growth, modulate the immune response, reduce resistance, and sensitize tumor cells to conventional cancer therapy. Therefore, targeting the HBP may serve as a novel strategy for treating cancer patients. Here, we review the current findings on the significance of HBP enzymes in various cancers and discuss future approaches for exploiting HBP inhibition for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Lam
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, United States
| | - Jin-Yih Low
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, United States
| | - Phuoc T Tran
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, United States
| | - Hailun Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, United States.
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41
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Samaržija I. Post-Translational Modifications That Drive Prostate Cancer Progression. Biomolecules 2021; 11:247. [PMID: 33572160 PMCID: PMC7915076 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While a protein primary structure is determined by genetic code, its specific functional form is mostly achieved in a dynamic interplay that includes actions of many enzymes involved in post-translational modifications. This versatile repertoire is widely used by cells to direct their response to external stimuli, regulate transcription and protein localization and to keep proteostasis. Herein, post-translational modifications with evident potency to drive prostate cancer are explored. A comprehensive list of proteome-wide and single protein post-translational modifications and their involvement in phenotypic outcomes is presented. Specifically, the data on phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, acetylation, and lipidation in prostate cancer and the enzymes involved are collected. This type of knowledge is especially valuable in cases when cancer cells do not differ in the expression or mutational status of a protein, but its differential activity is regulated on the level of post-translational modifications. Since their driving roles in prostate cancer, post-translational modifications are widely studied in attempts to advance prostate cancer treatment. Current strategies that exploit the potential of post-translational modifications in prostate cancer therapy are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Samaržija
- Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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42
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Kawahara R, Recuero S, Srougi M, Leite KRM, Thaysen-Andersen M, Palmisano G. The Complexity and Dynamics of the Tissue Glycoproteome Associated With Prostate Cancer Progression. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100026. [PMID: 33127837 PMCID: PMC8010466 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra120.002320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity and dynamics of the immensely heterogeneous glycoproteome of the prostate cancer (PCa) tumor microenvironment remain incompletely mapped, a knowledge gap that impedes our molecular-level understanding of the disease. To this end, we have used sensitive glycomics and glycoproteomics to map the protein-, cell-, and tumor grade-specific N- and O-glycosylation in surgically removed PCa tissues spanning five histological grades (n = 10/grade) and tissues from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 5). Quantitative glycomics revealed PCa grade-specific alterations of the oligomannosidic-, paucimannosidic-, and branched sialylated complex-type N-glycans, and dynamic remodeling of the sialylated core 1- and core 2-type O-glycome. Deep quantitative glycoproteomics identified ∼7400 unique N-glycopeptides from 500 N-glycoproteins and ∼500 unique O-glycopeptides from nearly 200 O-glycoproteins. With reference to a recent Tissue and Blood Atlas, our data indicate that paucimannosidic glycans of the PCa tissues arise mainly from immune cell-derived glycoproteins. Furthermore, the grade-specific PCa glycosylation arises primarily from dynamics in the cellular makeup of the PCa tumor microenvironment across grades involving increased oligomannosylation of prostate-derived glycoproteins and decreased bisecting GlcNAcylation of N-glycans carried by the extracellular matrix proteins. Furthermore, elevated expression of several oligosaccharyltransferase subunits and enhanced N-glycoprotein site occupancy were observed associated with PCa progression. Finally, correlations between the protein-specific glycosylation and PCa progression were observed including increased site-specific core 2-type O-glycosylation of collagen VI. In conclusion, integrated glycomics and glycoproteomics have enabled new insight into the complexity and dynamics of the tissue glycoproteome associated with PCa progression generating an important resource to explore the underpinning disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Kawahara
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Biomolecular Discovery Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Saulo Recuero
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica da Disciplina de Urologia da Faculdade de Medicina da USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miguel Srougi
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica da Disciplina de Urologia da Faculdade de Medicina da USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katia R M Leite
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica da Disciplina de Urologia da Faculdade de Medicina da USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Morten Thaysen-Andersen
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Biomolecular Discovery Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Giuseppe Palmisano
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Díaz-Fernández A, Miranda-Castro R, de-Los-Santos-Álvarez N, Lobo-Castañón MJ, Estrela P. Impedimetric aptamer-based glycan PSA score for discrimination of prostate cancer from other prostate diseases. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 175:112872. [PMID: 33288424 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is the common biomarker for prostate cancer (PCa). However, its lack of specificity to differentiate PCa from benign prostate disorders stimulates the search for alternative cancer biomarkers to improve the clinical management of the patients. Different studies have described changes in the core-fucosylation level of PSA between PCa patients and healthy controls. To exploit these findings, we have adapted an impedimetric aptamer-based sensor to the dual recognition of PSA. Two different aptamers, PSAG-1 and anti-PSA, are immobilized onto two adjacent nanostructured gold electrodes. The direct binding from diluted serum samples of specific glycosylated-PSA to the first sensor and total PSA to the second one leads to changes in the charge transfer resistance, which correlate to the amount of glycosylated and total PSA in the sample. The sensors are able to measure PSA in serum with a dynamic range between 0.26 and 62.5 ng/mL (PSAG-1) and from 0.64 to 62.5 ng/mL (anti-PSA), with a reproducibility of 5.4 %. The final output of the proposed platform is the ratio between PSAG-1 reactive PSA and total PSA, defined as the glycan score. The glycan score was tested in serum samples from patients with different pathologies, showing excellent correlation between the measured score and the known diagnosis of the patients. Hence this dual aptamer-based impedimetric biosensor could be used as a minimally invasive method for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Díaz-Fernández
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica. Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rebeca Miranda-Castro
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica. Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Noemí de-Los-Santos-Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica. Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - María Jesús Lobo-Castañón
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica. Universidad de Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Avenida de Roma, 33011 Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Pedro Estrela
- Centre for Biosensors, Bioelectronics and Biodevices (C3Bio), University of Bath, BA2 7AY, Bath, United Kingdom; Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, BA2 7AY, Bath, United Kingdom.
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Separation based characterization methods for the N-glycosylation analysis of prostate-specific antigen. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 194:113797. [PMID: 33288345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer has the highest malignancy rate diagnosed in men worldwide. Albeit, the gold standard serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) assays reduced the mortality rate of the disease, the number of false positive diagnoses steeply increased. Therefore, there is an urgent need for complementary biomarkers to enhance the specificity and selectivity of current diagnostic methods. Information about PSA glycosylation can help to fulfill this gap as alterations of its carbohydrate moieties due to cancerous transformation may represent additional markers to distinguish malignant from benign tumors. However, development of suitable methods and instrumentations to investigate the N-glycosylation profile of PSA represents a challenge. In this paper, we critically review the current bioanalytical trends and strategies in the field of PSA glycobiomarker research focusing on separation based characterization methods.
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Liquid-Phase and Ultrahigh-Frequency-Acoustofluidics-Based Solid-Phase Synthesis of Biotin-Tagged 6′/3′-Sialyl-N-Acetylglucosamine by Sequential One-Pot Multienzyme System. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10111347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
6′/3′-Sialylated N-acetyllactosamine (6′/3′-SLN) is important for discrimination of the source (human or avian) of influenza virus strains. Biotinylated oligosaccharides have been widely used for analysis and quick detection. The development of efficient strategies to synthesize biotin-tagged 6′/3′-SLN have become necessary. Effective mixing is essential for enzymatic solid-phase oligosaccharide synthesis (SPOS). In the current study, newly developed technology ultrahigh-frequency-acoustofluidics (UHFA), which can provide a powerful source for efficient microfluidic mixing, solid-phase oligosaccharide synthesis and one-pot multienzyme (OPME) system, were used to develop a new strategy for oligosaccharide synthesis. Firstly, biotinylated N-acetylglucosamine was designed and chemically synthesized through traditional approaches. Secondly, biotinylated 6′- and 3′-sialyl-N-acetylglucosamines were prepared in solution through two sequential OPME modules in with a yield of ~95%. Thirdly, 6′-SLN was also prepared through UHFA-based enzymatic solid-phase synthesis on magnetic beads with a yield of 64.4%. The current strategy would be potentially used for synthesis of functional oligosaccharides.
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Díaz-Fernández A, Miranda-Castro R, Díaz N, Suárez D, de-Los-Santos-Álvarez N, Lobo-Castañón MJ. Aptamers targeting protein-specific glycosylation in tumor biomarkers: general selection, characterization and structural modeling. Chem Sci 2020; 11:9402-9413. [PMID: 34094206 PMCID: PMC8162130 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00209g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Detecting specific protein glycoforms is attracting particular attention due to its potential to improve the performance of current cancer biomarkers. Although natural receptors such as lectins and antibodies have served as powerful tools for the detection of protein-bound glycans, the development of effective receptors able to integrate in the recognition both the glycan and peptide moieties is still challenging. Here we report a method for selecting aptamers toward the glycosylation site of a protein. It allows identification of an aptamer that binds with nM affinity to prostate-specific antigen, discriminating it from proteins with a similar glycosylation pattern. We also computationally predict the structure of the selected aptamer and characterize its complex with the glycoprotein by docking and molecular dynamics calculations, further supporting the binary recognition event. This study opens a new route for the identification of aptamers for the binary recognition of glycoproteins, useful for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Binary recognition of the glycoprotein prostate specific antigen by aptamers: a tool for detecting aberrant glycosylation associated with cancer.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Díaz-Fernández
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo Av. Julián Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias Avenida de Roma 33011 Oviedo Spain
| | - Rebeca Miranda-Castro
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo Av. Julián Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias Avenida de Roma 33011 Oviedo Spain
| | - Natalia Díaz
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo Av. Julián Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Dimas Suárez
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo Av. Julián Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Noemí de-Los-Santos-Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo Av. Julián Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias Avenida de Roma 33011 Oviedo Spain
| | - M Jesús Lobo-Castañón
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo Av. Julián Clavería 8 33006 Oviedo Spain .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias Avenida de Roma 33011 Oviedo Spain
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47
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Bai R, Luan X, Zhang Y, Robbe-Masselot C, Brockhausen I, Gao Y. The expression and functional analysis of the sialyl-T antigen in prostate cancer. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:423-433. [PMID: 32583304 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09927-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation is a featured characteristic of cancer and plays a role in cancer pathology; thus an understanding of the compositions and functions of glycans is critical for discovering diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer. In this study, we used MALDI-TOF-MS analysis to determine the O-glycan profiles of prostate cancer cells metastasized to bone (PC-3), brain (DU145), lymph node (LNCaP), and vertebra (VCaP) in comparison to immortalized RWPE-1 cells derived from normal prostatic tissue. Prostate cancer (CaP) cells exhibited an elevation of simple/short O-glycans, with a reduction of complex O-glycans, increased O-glycan sialylation and decreased fucosylation. Core 1 sialylation was increased dramatically in all CaP cells, and especially in PC-3 cells. The expression of Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-3GalNAc- (sialyl-3T antigen) which is the product of α2,3-sialyltransferase-I (ST3Gal-I) was substantially increased. We therefore focused on exploring the possible function of ST3Gal-I in PC-3 cells. ST3Gal-I silencing studies showed that ST3Gal-I was associated with PC-3 cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis. Further in vivo studies demonstrated that down regulation of ST3Gal-I reduced the tumor size in xenograft mouse model, indicating that sialyl-3T can serve as a biomarker for metastatic prostate cancer prognosis, and that ST3Gal-I could be a target for therapeutic intervention in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Bai
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Luan
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Catherine Robbe-Masselot
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Inka Brockhausen
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Yin Gao
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China.
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
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48
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Zhang Y, Lin T, Zhao Y, Mao Y, Tao Y, Huang Y, Wang S, Hu L, Cheng J, Yang H. Characterization of N-linked intact glycopeptide signatures of plasma IgGs from patients with prostate carcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia for diagnosis pre-stratification. Analyst 2020; 145:5353-5362. [PMID: 32568312 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00225a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of novel non-invasive biomarkers for discriminating between prostate carcinoma (PCa) patients and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients is necessary to reduce the burden of biopsies, avoid overdiagnosis and improve quality of life. Previous studies suggest that abnormal glycosylation of immunoglobulin gamma molecules (IgGs) is strongly associated with immunological diseases and prostate diseases. Hence, characterizing N-linked intact glycopeptides of IgGs that correspond to the N-glycan structure with specific site information might enable a better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis and discovery of novel signatures in preoperative discrimination of BPH from PCa. In this study, we profiled N-linked intact glycopeptides of purified IgGs from 51 PCa patients and 45 BPH patients by our developed N-glycoproteomic method using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography enrichment coupled with high resolution LC-MS/MS. The quantitative analysis of the N-linked intact glycopeptides using pGlyco 2.0 and MaxQuant software provided quantitative information on plasma IgG subclass-specific and site-specific N-glycosylation. As a result, we found four aberrantly expressed N-linked intact glycopeptides across different IgG subclasses. In particular, the N-glycopeptide IgG2-GP09 (EEQFNSTFR (H5N5S1)) was dramatically elevated in plasma from PCa patients, compared with that in BPH patients (PCa/BPH ratio = 5.74, p = 0.001). Additionally, the variations in these N-linked intact glycopeptide abundances were not caused by the changes in the IgG concentrations. Furthermore, IgG2-GP09 displayed a more powerful prediction capability (auROC = 0.702) for distinguishing PCa from BPH than the clinical index t-PSA (auROC = 0.681) when used alone or in combination with other indicators (auROC = 0.853). In conclusion, these abnormally expressed N-linked intact glycopeptides have potential for non-invasive monitoring and pre-stratification of prostate diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Key Lab of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, MOH; West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Research Center; Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Galectins in prostate and bladder cancer: tumorigenic roles and clinical opportunities. Nat Rev Urol 2020; 16:433-445. [PMID: 31015643 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-019-0183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Advanced prostate and bladder cancer are two outstanding unmet medical needs for urological oncologists. The high prevalence of these tumours, lack of effective biomarkers and limited effective treatment options highlight the importance of basic research in these diseases. Galectins are a family of β-galactoside-binding proteins that are frequently altered (upregulated or downregulated) in a wide range of tumours and have roles in different stages of tumour development and progression, including immune evasion. In particular, altered expression levels of different members of the galectin family have been reported in prostate and bladder cancers, which, together with the aberrant glycosylation patterns found in tumour cells and the constituent cell types of the tumour microenvironment, can result in malignant transformation and tumour progression. Understanding the roles of galectin family proteins in the development and progression of prostate and bladder cancer could yield key insights to inform the clinical management of these diseases.
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50
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Park S, Lim JM, Chun JN, Lee S, Kim TM, Kim DW, Kim SY, Bae DJ, Bae SM, So I, Kim HG, Choi JY, Jeon JH. Altered expression of fucosylation pathway genes is associated with poor prognosis and tumor metastasis in non‑small cell lung cancer. Int J Oncol 2019; 56:559-567. [PMID: 31894325 PMCID: PMC6959459 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucosylation is a post‑translational modification that attaches fucose residues to protein‑ or lipid‑bound oligosaccharides. Certain fucosylation pathway genes are aberrantly expressed in several types of cancer, including non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and this aberrant expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with cancer. However, the molecular mechanism by which these fucosylation pathway genes promote tumor progression has not been well‑characterized. The present study analyzed public microarray data obtained from NSCLC samples. Multivariate analysis revealed that altered expression of fucosylation pathway genes, including fucosyltransferase 1 (FUT1), FUT2, FUT3, FUT6, FUT8 and GDP‑L‑fucose synthase (TSTA3), correlated with poor survival in patients with NSCLC. Inhibition of FUTs by 2F‑peracetyl‑fucose (2F‑PAF) suppressed transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)‑mediated Smad3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation in NSCLC cells. In addition, wound‑healing and Transwell migration assays demonstrated that 2F‑PAF inhibited TGFβ‑induced NSCLC cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, in vivo bioluminescence imaging analysis revealed that 2F‑PAF attenuated the metastatic capacity of NSCLC cells. These results may help characterize the oncogenic role of fucosylation in NSCLC biology and highlight its potential for developing cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soonbum Park
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Muk Lim
- Biomedical Knowledge Engineering Laboratory, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Nyeo Chun
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of
Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112‑5650, USA
| | - Tae Min Kim
- Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yeob Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05535, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jun Bae
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05535, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Mun Bae
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05535, Republic of Korea
| | - Insuk So
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Gee Kim
- Biomedical Knowledge Engineering Laboratory, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeob Choi
- Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hong Jeon
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
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