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Abdelfatah SH, Yassin AM, Khattab MS, Abdel-Razek AS, Saad AH. Spirulina platensis as a growth booster for broiler; Insights into their nutritional, molecular, immunohistopathological, and microbiota modulating effects. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:11. [PMID: 38183085 PMCID: PMC10768351 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03858-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study is designed to assess the effect of adding various doses of Spirulina platensis (SP) on broiler chicken growth performance, gut health, antioxidant biomarkers, cecal microbiota, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). 240 male Cobb 500 broiler chicks (1 day old) were placed into four groups (sixty birds/group), then each group was further divided into three replicates of 20 chickens each for 35 days. Birds were allocated as follows; the 1st group (G1), the control group, fed on basal diet, the 2nd group (G2): basal diet plus SP (0.1%), the 3rd group (G3): basal diet plus SP (0.3%), and the 4th group (G4): basal diet plus SP (0.5%). RESULTS Throughout the trial (d 1 to 35), SP fortification significantly increased body weight growth (BWG) and feed conversion rate (FCR) (P < 0.05). Bursa considerably increased among the immunological organs in the Spirulina-supplemented groups. Within SP-supplemented groups, there was a substantial increase in catalase activity, blood total antioxidant capacity, jejunal superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity (P < 0.05). Fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2), one of the gut barrier health biomarkers, significantly increased in the SP-supplemented groups but the IL-1β gene did not significantly differ across the groups (P < 0.05). Different organs in the control group showed histopathological changes, while the SP-supplemented chicken showed fewer or no signs of these lesions. The control group had higher levels of iNOS expression in the gut than the SP-supplemented groups (p < 0.05). Cecal Lactobacillus count significantly elevated with increasing the rate of SP inclusion rate (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Supplementing broiler diets with SP, particularly at 0.5%, can improve productivity and profitability by promoting weight increase, feed utilization, antioxidant status, immunity, and gastrointestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar H Abdelfatah
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo, University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Aya M Yassin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Marwa S Khattab
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Abdel-Razek
- Microbial Chemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki-Giza, Egypt
| | - Adel H Saad
- Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt
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Bonab LNH, Givi NJ, Jazi MM, Masjoudi S, Ghafari N, Daneshpour MS. Sex-specific association of FABP2 polymorphisms with the risk of obesity in the Tehran Cardio-Metabolic Genetic Study (TCGS). Gene 2023:147519. [PMID: 37263385 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
FABP2 is one of the key genes involved in obesity development across different populations. However, there is no comprehensive report about the FABP2 contribution to obesity incidence among Iranians. Hence, the present study was designed to assess the probable role of FABP2 polymorphisms in obesity incidence in the Tehran Cardio- metabolic Genetic Study (TCGS) representative Iran population. Unrelated adults who had BMI information for at least 3 consecutive phases of the TCGS cohort were included. The control and case groups were defined as individuals who always had long-term persistent normal weight (20 < BMI < 25; n = 1526) and individuals who were long-term persistent obese (30 < BMI < 35; n = 1313), respectively. The logistic regression test was used to assess the possible association between SNPs located in and around the FABP2 gene with obesity. Also, we used Haploview and SHEsis to perform haplotype analysis to detect whether or not this chromosomal region is correlated with obesity. We found a gender-dependent association between the rs10857064 FABP2 and the risk of obesity. The presence of the rs10857064-G allele could significantly increase the risk of obesity only in women, not men (OR = 1.26; 95 % CI: 1.02-1.57; p = 0.03). Through haplotype analysis, we also detected that the TG haplotype containing rs7670862 and rs10857064 could significantly enhance the risk of obesity in women, further supporting the central role of rs10857064 in women's long-term obesity risk. In the current study, we revealed that rs10857064-G FABP2 can significantly predispose women to develop obesity. It highlights the importance of different genetic variants in both genders, which could help us to distinguish more efficient obesity screening tests and treatments based on gender in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Najd Hassan Bonab
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Niloufar Javanrouh Givi
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Moazzam Jazi
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sajedeh Masjoudi
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nasim Ghafari
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam S Daneshpour
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Cao M, Zhang Y, Chen D, Zhong J, Zhang X, Yang L, Li X, Fang L, Liu B, Gong F, Zhou C. Polymorphism in genes encoding two fatty acid binding proteins increases risk of ischemic stroke in a Chinese Han population. Front Genet 2023; 14:1056186. [PMID: 37091779 PMCID: PMC10117902 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1056186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Dyslipidemia is an independent predictor of ischemic stroke (IS). Genetic variations in lipid-metabolism related genes may increase the risk of IS. Fatty acid-binding protein 1 (FABP1) and fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) are lipid chaperones responsible for lipid transport and metabolism. The present study aimed to determine the association between FABP1 or FABP2 and ischemic stroke.Methods: A total of 251 participants were recruited composed of 138 patients with ischemic stroke and 113 healthy subjects. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples. The rs2241883 polymorphism in FABP1 and rs1799883 polymorphism in FABP2 were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) was used to find out the interaction combinations between two SNPs and environmental factors.Results: The GA genotype of FABP2 rs1799883 increased susceptibility to ischemic stroke under overdominant inheritance model (p = 0.042). After adjusting for the risk factors of IS, it was associated with a significantly higher risk of IS in the codominant inheritance model (adjust OR = 3.431, 95%CI = 1.060–11.103, p = 0.04). The interactions of FABP1 rs2241883 and FABP2 rs1799883 were not associated with IS risk (p = 0.172). Moreover, interaction analysis of two genes (rs1799883 and rs2241883) and two environmental factors (smoking and alcohol consumption) was associated with an increased risk of IS (p = 0.011).Conclusion: The GA genotype of FABP2 rs1799883, interactions between rs1799883, rs2241883 and smoking and alcohol consumption were associated with IS risk in Chinese Han populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolin Cao
- Central Laboratory, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chongqing, China
- Department of General Practice, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Central Laboratory, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaju Zhong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Li
- Central Laboratory, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Fang
- Central Laboratory, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Beizhong Liu
- Central Laboratory, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Gong
- Central Laboratory, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chongqing, China
- Department of General Practice, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Gong, ; Chanjuan Zhou,
| | - Chanjuan Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease, Chongqing, China
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Gong, ; Chanjuan Zhou,
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Meena K, Misra A, Vikram N, Ali S, Upadhyay AD, Luthra K. Genetic polymorphism of fatty acid binding protein-2 in hyperlipidemic Asian Indians in North India. Am J Hum Biol 2023; 35:e23834. [PMID: 36382874 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatty acid binding protein-2 (FABP-2) is involved in the metabolism of lipids in the intestine. FABP-2 Ala54Thr polymorphism involves a transition of G to A at codon 54 of FABP-2, resulting in an amino acid substitution Ala54 to Thr54 and is associated with elevated fasting triglycerides in some hyperlipidemic populations. In current genome builds and gene databases the variant of the Ala54Thr FABP-2 (rs 1 799 883) is annotated as c.163A>G (p. Thr55Ala). AIM AND OBJECTIVE The status of this polymorphism in hyperlipidemic Asian Indians from North India has not been investigated. This study was aimed to evaluate the distribution of the polymorphic variants of the Ala54Thr FABP-2 and their association with lipids in hyperlipidemic subjects. METHODS Ala54Thr FABP-2 polymorphism in both hyperlipidemic (n = 210) and normolipidemic (n = 342) subjects was assessed by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS Ala54Thr genotypes and alleles distribution did not differ between the hyperlipidemic and normolipidemic groups. The heterozygous genotype FABP-2 Ala/Thr was significantly associated with higher levels of triglycerides and very low-density lipoproteins as compared to the homozygous variant (Thr/Thr) genotype and the wild type homozygous (Ala/Ala) genotype. CONCLUSIONS The heterozygous genotype FABP-2 Ala54Thr is a risk factor for the development of hypertriglyceridemia and increased levels of VLDL-c in Asian Indians from North India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Meena
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anoop Misra
- Fortis CDOC Hospital for Diabetes and Allied Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Naval Vikram
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shakir Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Datt Upadhyay
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kalpana Luthra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Johannes C, Moremi KE, Kemp MC, Whati L, Engel-Hills P, Kidd M, van Toorn R, Jaftha M, van Rensburg SJ, Kotze MJ. Pathology-supported genetic testing presents opportunities for improved disability outcomes in multiple sclerosis. Per Med 2023; 20:107-130. [PMID: 37194915 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2022-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Background: Lipid metabolism may impact disability in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). Methods: Fifty-one pwMS entered an ultrasound and MRI study, of whom 19 had followed a pathology-supported genetic testing program for more than 10 years (pwMS-ON). Genetic variation, blood biochemistry, vascular blood flow velocities, diet and exercise were investigated. Results: pwMS-ON had significantly lower (p < 0.01) disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale) than pwMS not on the program (1.91 ± 0.75 vs 3.87 ± 2.32). A genetic variant in the lipid transporter FABP2 gene (rs1799883; 2445G>A, A54T) was significantly associated (p < 0.01) with disability in pwMS not on the program, but not in pwMS-ON (p = 0.88). Vascular blood flow velocities were lower in the presence of the A-allele. Conclusion: Pathology-supported genetic testing may provide guidance for lifestyle interventions with a significant impact on improved disability in pwMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clint Johannes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 7500, South Africa
| | - Kelebogile E Moremi
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, & National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), Cape Town, 7500, South Africa
| | - Merlisa C Kemp
- Department of Medical Imaging & Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health & Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville campus, Cape Town, 7530, South Africa
| | | | - Penelope Engel-Hills
- Faculty of Health & Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, 7530, South Africa
| | - Martin Kidd
- Department of Statistics & Actuarial Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Ronald van Toorn
- Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 7500, South Africa
| | - Mariaan Jaftha
- Department of Medical Imaging & Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health & Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, 7530, South Africa
- Cape University Body Imaging Centre, Faculty of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, 7925 South Africa
| | - Susan J van Rensburg
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, 7500, South Africa
| | - Maritha J Kotze
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, & National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), Cape Town, 7500, South Africa
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6
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Ex vivo exposures to arsenite and its methylated trivalent metabolites alter gene transcription in mouse sperm cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 455:116266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Development of a genetic risk score for obesity predisposition evaluation. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:1495-1503. [PMID: 35947209 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01923-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health issue resulting from an interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Genetic risk scores (GRSs) are useful to summarize the effects of many genetic variants on obesity risk. In this study, we aimed to assess the association of previously well-studied genetic variants with obesity and develop a genetic risk score to anticipate the risk of obesity development in the Iranian population. Among 968 participants, 599 (61.88%) were obese, and 369 (38.12%) were considered control samples. After genotyping, an initial screening of 16 variants associated with body mass index (BMI) was performed utilizing a general linear model (p < 0.25), and seven genetic variants were selected. The association of these variants with obesity was examined using a multivariate logistic regression model (p < 0.05), and finally, five variants were found to be significantly associated with obesity. Two gene score models (weighted and unweighted), including these five loci, were constructed. To compare the discriminative power of the models, the area under the curve was calculated using tenfold internal cross-validation. Among the studied variants, ADRB3 rs4994, FTO rs9939609, ADRB2 rs1042714, IL6 rs1800795, and MTHFR rs1801133 polymorphisms were significantly associated with obesity in the Iranian population. Both of the constructed models were significantly associated with BMI (p < 0.05) and the area under the mean curve of the weighted GRS and unweighted GRS were 70.22% ± 0.05 and 70.19% ± 0.05, respectively. Both GRSs proved to predict obesity and could potentially be utilized as genetic tools to assess the obesity predisposition in the Iranian population. Also, among the studied variants, ADRB3 rs4994 and FTO rs9939609 polymorphisms have the highest impacts on the risk of obesity.
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Shehata AA, Yalçın S, Latorre JD, Basiouni S, Attia YA, Abd El-Wahab A, Visscher C, El-Seedi HR, Huber C, Hafez HM, Eisenreich W, Tellez-Isaias G. Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Phytogenic Substances for Optimizing Gut Health in Poultry. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020395. [PMID: 35208851 PMCID: PMC8877156 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been designated as a hidden metabolic ‘organ’ because of its enormous impact on host metabolism, physiology, nutrition, and immune function. The connection between the intestinal microbiota and their respective host animals is dynamic and, in general, mutually beneficial. This complicated interaction is seen as a determinant of health and disease; thus, intestinal dysbiosis is linked with several metabolic diseases. Therefore, tractable strategies targeting the regulation of intestinal microbiota can control several diseases that are closely related to inflammatory and metabolic disorders. As a result, animal health and performance are improved. One of these strategies is related to dietary supplementation with prebiotics, probiotics, and phytogenic substances. These supplements exert their effects indirectly through manipulation of gut microbiota quality and improvement in intestinal epithelial barrier. Several phytogenic substances, such as berberine, resveratrol, curcumin, carvacrol, thymol, isoflavones and hydrolyzed fibers, have been identified as potential supplements that may also act as welcome means to reduce the usage of antibiotics in feedstock, including poultry farming, through manipulation of the gut microbiome. In addition, these compounds may improve the integrity of tight junctions by controlling tight junction-related proteins and inflammatory signaling pathways in the host animals. In this review, we discuss the role of probiotics, prebiotics, and phytogenic substances in optimizing gut function in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awad A. Shehata
- Research and Development Section, PerNaturam GmbH, 56290 Gödenroth, Germany
- Avian and Rabbit Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.A.S.); (G.T.-I.)
| | - Sakine Yalçın
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University (AU), 06110 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Juan D. Latorre
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Shereen Basiouni
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
| | - Youssef A. Attia
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amr Abd El-Wahab
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany; (A.A.E.-W.); (C.V.)
- Department of Nutrition and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Christian Visscher
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany; (A.A.E.-W.); (C.V.)
| | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Biomedical Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, SE 75124 Uppsala, Sweden;
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu Education Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Claudia Huber
- Bavarian NMR Center, Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbegstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany; (C.H.); (W.E.)
| | - Hafez M. Hafez
- Institute of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Free University of Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Eisenreich
- Bavarian NMR Center, Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbegstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany; (C.H.); (W.E.)
| | - Guillermo Tellez-Isaias
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
- Correspondence: (A.A.S.); (G.T.-I.)
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Bhori M, Rastogi V, Tungare K, Marar T. A review on interplay between obesity, lipoprotein profile and nutrigenetics with selected candidate marker genes of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:687-703. [PMID: 34669123 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus, a rapidly growing epidemic, and its frequently related complications demand global attention. The two factors commonly attributed to the epidemic are genetic factors and environmental factors. Studies indicate that the genetic makeup at an individual level and the environmental aspects influence the occurrence of the disease. However, there is insufficiency in understanding the mechanisms through which the gene mutations and environmental components individually lead to T2DM. Also, discrepancies have often been noted in the association of gene variants and type 2 diabetes when the gene factor is examined as a sole attribute to the disease. STUDY In this review initially, we have focused on the proposed ways through which CAPN10, FABP2, GLUT2, TCF7L2, and ENPP1 variants lead to T2DM along with the inconsistencies observed in the gene-disease association. The article also emphasizes on obesity, lipoprotein profile, and nutrition as environmental factors and how they lead to T2DM. Finally, the main objective is explored, the environment-gene-disease association i.e. the influence of each environmental factor on the aforementioned specific gene-T2DM relationship to understand if the disease-causing capability of the gene variants is exacerbated by environmental influences. CONCLUSION We found that environmental factors may influence the gene-disease relationship. Reciprocally, the genetic factors may alter the environment-disease relationship. To precisely conclude that the two factors act synergistically to lead to T2DM, more attention has to be paid to the combined influence of the genetic variants and environmental factors on T2DM occurrence instead of studying the influence of the factors separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustansir Bhori
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed To Be University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India
| | - Varuni Rastogi
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed To Be University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India
| | - Kanchanlata Tungare
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed To Be University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India.
| | - Thankamani Marar
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D. Y. Patil Deemed To Be University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India
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Cheng J, Li Y, He Q, Luo L, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Feng H, Zhao L, Wei W, Fu S, Sun D. Essential hypertension in patients exposed to high-arsenic exposed areas in western China: Genetic susceptibility and urinary arsenic metabolism characteristics. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 67:126778. [PMID: 34087579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To clarify the urinary arsenic metabolism characteristics in individuals with essential hypertension and to analyze the relationship between lipid metabolism gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to essential hypertension in individuals in high-arsenic areas in western China. METHODS A case-control study was conducted and involved individuals exposed to high arsenic levels (in this study, the arsenic content in the pressurized well water was 0-510.2 μg/L, and that in the mechanical well water was 167 μg/L) in two adjacent high-arsenic areas in Shanxi Province and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. A total of 699 samples were collected, including 192 case samples (patients with hypertension) and 507 control samples (no hypertension). Blood pressure measurement data obtained from an epidemiological survey were used to determine whether the subjects had hypertension, and a logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between lipid metabolism gene polymorphisms and hypertension susceptibility. Blood and urine samples were collected based on epidemiological methods, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped using a SNPscan™ multiple SNP typing kit, and urinary arsenic concentrations were determined using the hydride generation atomic fluorescence method (HG-AFS). RESULTS ADIPOQ/rs266729 was the dominant genetic model [(GC + GG) vs CC = 0.686:1, 95 % CI = 0.478-0.983], and FABP2/rs1799883 was the recessive genetic model [TT vs (CC + TC) = 1.690:1, 95 % CI = 1.014-2.816]. The distribution of the urinary arsenic secondary methylation ratio (SMR) [dimethylated arsenic (DMA)/monomethylated arsenic (MMA)] was different between hypertensive patients and controls. CONCLUSION ADIPOQ/rs266729 and FABP2/rs1799883 polymorphisms affect susceptibility to essential hypertension in individuals exposed to high levels of arsenic; there was a clear difference in the urinary arsenic metabolism pattern between hypertensive patients and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Cheng
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Hei Long Jiang Province & Ministry of Health, Harbin, 150081, China(1).
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Hei Long Jiang Province & Ministry of Health, Harbin, 150081, China(1).
| | - Qian He
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, China.
| | - Lanrong Luo
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Hei Long Jiang Province & Ministry of Health, Harbin, 150081, China(1).
| | - Yanting Zhang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Hei Long Jiang Province & Ministry of Health, Harbin, 150081, China(1).
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Hei Long Jiang Province & Ministry of Health, Harbin, 150081, China(1).
| | - Hongqi Feng
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Hei Long Jiang Province & Ministry of Health, Harbin, 150081, China(1).
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Hei Long Jiang Province & Ministry of Health, Harbin, 150081, China(1).
| | - Wei Wei
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Hei Long Jiang Province & Ministry of Health, Harbin, 150081, China(1).
| | - Songbo Fu
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Hei Long Jiang Province & Ministry of Health, Harbin, 150081, China(1).
| | - Dianjun Sun
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Key Lab of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Hei Long Jiang Province & Ministry of Health, Harbin, 150081, China(1).
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FABP2 Ala54Thr Polymorphism and Post-Training Changes of Body Composition and Biochemical Parameters in Caucasian Women. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12070954. [PMID: 34206471 PMCID: PMC8305881 DOI: 10.3390/genes12070954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism (rs1799883) is strongly associated with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, although the function of its potential modifying effect on training-induced changes in obesity-related parameters is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of the Ala54Thr polymorphism on post-training changes of selected body mass and body composition measurements, as well as with biochemical parameters of energy metabolism. Accordingly, alleles and genotypes distribution in a group of 168 young, nonobese Caucasian women measured for chosen body composition parameters, lipid profile, and glucose levels before and after the completion of a 12-week aerobic training program were studied. Although the obtained results showed changes in body mass, BMI, FM, %FM, FFM, TBW, HDL-C, and glucose levels during the training program, none of the examined parameters changed significantly across the FABP2 genotypes. Instead, we found a main effect of genotype on BMI (p = 0.033), with carriers of the Thr54 allele having a higher BMI during the whole study period compared with the Ala54 carriers. We confirm that the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism may help identify women at risk for overweight and obesity. However, we did not notice evidence of an interaction between physical activity and the Ala54Thr polymorphism on the examined parameters.
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Zhao G, Zhang T, Sun H, Liu JX. Copper nanoparticles induce zebrafish intestinal defects via endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress. Metallomics 2020; 12:12-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00210c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Both CuNPs and their released Cu2+ induced intestinal developmental defects in zebrafish in a dosage-dependent manner via inducing ROS and ER stresses, and partially blocking copper traffic to mitochondria (cox17−/−) or to TGN (atp7a−/−) could not alleviate the defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Zhao
- College of Fisheries
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Fisheries
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan
| | - HaoJie Sun
- College of Fisheries
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan
| | - Jing-Xia Liu
- College of Fisheries
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding
- Ministry of Agriculture
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan
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13
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Han TK, So WY. Effects of FABP2 Ala54Thr gene polymorphism on obesity and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Korean women with abdominal obesity. Cent Eur J Public Health 2019; 27:37-43. [PMID: 30927395 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a5077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Asians (including Chinese, Japanese and Koreans), who generally have a relatively smaller body size and a lower mean body mass index (BMI), have a relatively higher risk of developing android-type obesity than westerners. Substitution of alanine for threonine (Ala54Thr) on the FABP2 gene (rs 1799883) is related to insulin resistance and obesity. However, few studies have examined this substitution in Koreans, and the number of Korean subjects in those studies is limited. For this reason, we investigated the differences between the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism and obesity, hemodynamic variables, blood lipid profile results, and insulin resistance among middle-aged Korean women with abdominal obesity. METHODS We studied 243 middle-aged community-dwelling Korean women with abdominal obesity from Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea, who had no history of taking chronic medications. We examined each subject (n = 243) for the presence of FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Subjects were also examined for obesity hemodynamic variables (n = 243), lipid profiles (n = 142), and insulin resistance (n = 142). RESULTS Of the 243 subjects, 117 had AA ("normal") homozygotic genotype, 100 had AT heterozygotic genotype, and 26 had TT homozygotic genotype for the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism. The AT heterozygotic individuals had a significantly higher mean waist-to-hip ratio, abdominal fat area, and visceral fat area than individuals with other genotypes. TT homozygotic individuals had higher mean triglyceride and fasting glucose levels than individuals with other genotypes. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show that the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism was associated with central obesity and obesity-related metabolic syndrome among middle-aged Korean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Kyung Han
- Physical Education, College of Art and Physical Education, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Wi-Young So
- Sports and Health Care, College of Humanities and Arts, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju-si, Republic of Korea
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Garcés Da Silva MF, Guarin YA, Carrero Y, Stekman H, Núñez Bello ML, Hernández C, Apitz R, Fernández-Mestre M, Camejo G. Postprandial Hypertriglyceridemia Is Associated with the Variant 54 Threonine FABP2 Gene. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2018; 5:E47. [PMID: 30217061 PMCID: PMC6162774 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd5030047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Fasting or postprandial hypertriglyceridemia is considered an independent cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. The intestinal fatty acid binding protein (FABP2) is involved in the intracellular transport and metabolism of fatty acids. The presence of the Ala54Thr polymorphism of the FABP2 gene appears to be involved in postprandial hypertriglyceridemia. We explored the possible association of the Ala54Thr polymorphism with fat intolerance in apparently healthy, fasting, normolipidemic subjects with normal body-mass index and without diabetes. Methodology: A total of 158 apparently healthy individuals were classified as fat tolerant (n = 123) or intolerant (n = 35) according to their response (plasma triglycerides) to an oral abbreviated tolerance test with blood samples taken at 0, 2 and 4 h. At 0 h, all subjects ingested 26.3 g of fats. Presence of the Ala54Thr polymorphism of the FABP2 gene was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction⁻restriction fragment length (PCR⁻RFLP). Results: The group with fat intolerance (postprandial hypertriglyceridemia group) showed an increased frequency of the Thr54Thr genotype when compared with the group with normal fat tolerance (control group) (23% vs. 4%, respectively, OR: 16.53, 95% CI: 4.09⁻66.82, p: 0.0001, pc: 0.0003). Carriers of at least one Thr54 allele were up to six times more prevalent in the fat intolerant group than in the non-carriers. (OR: 6.35; 95% CI: 1.86⁻21.59, p: 0.0003, pc: 0.0009). The levels of plasma triglycerides (Tg) at 4 h after the test meal were higher in carriers of at least one 54Thr allele than in carriers of the Ala54 allele (p < 0.05). Conclusions: There is a significant association between postprandial hypertriglyceridemia and the presence of at least one 54Thr allele of the FABP2 gene. In addition, subjects with this genotype showed an increased ratio of Tg/HDL-cholesterol. This parameter is a marker of increased CVD risk and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fatima Garcés Da Silva
- Associated Research Laboratorio de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 48321, Venezuela.
| | - Yamil Adrian Guarin
- Associated Research Laboratorio de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 48321, Venezuela.
| | - Yenny Carrero
- Associated Research Laboratorio de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 48321, Venezuela.
| | - Hilda Stekman
- Associated Research Laboratorio de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 48321, Venezuela.
| | - María Luisa Núñez Bello
- Associated Research Laboratorio de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 48321, Venezuela.
| | - Celsy Hernández
- Associated Research Laboratorio de Investigaciones Básicas y Aplicadas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 48321, Venezuela.
| | - Rafael Apitz
- National Academy of Medicine, Caracas 41421, Venezuela.
| | - Mercedes Fernández-Mestre
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología, Centro de Medicina Experimental, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas 21827, Venezuela.
| | - Germán Camejo
- Associated Research Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Department Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden.
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15
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Gonzalez-Becerra K, Ramos-Lopez O, Garcia-Cazarin ML, Barron-Cabrera E, Panduro A, Martinez-Lopez E. Associations of the lipid genetic variants Thr54 ( FABP2) and -493T ( MTTP) with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in Mexican subjects. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:1467-1476. [PMID: 29338565 PMCID: PMC6091818 DOI: 10.1177/0300060517748518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Mexico has one of the world’s highest rates of obesity, which is influenced by lipid-genetic and lifestyle factors. This study aimed to determine whether FABP2 (Ala54Thr) and MTTP (-493 G/T) genetic polymorphisms are associated with metabolic disorders in Mexican subjects. Methods A total of 523 subjects participated in a cross-sectional study. Genotyping for FABP2 and MTTP was performed using real-time RT-PCR. Biochemical and anthropometric data were evaluated. Results The genetically at-risk group (Thr54/-493T) was associated with significantly higher total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (difference between genetically at-risk group and wild-type group: 10.6 mg/dL and 8.94 mg/dL, respectively). Carriers within the genetically at-risk group had a significantly higher prevalence rate of hypercholesterolaemia (42.5% vs. 32.0%) and higher LDL-C levels (37.6% vs. 26.4%) than did non-carriers. Conclusions Subjects who are genetically at risk (Thr54/-493T) have higher total cholesterol levels, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and prevalence rate of hypercholesterolaemia. These findings highlight the importance of basing nutritional intervention strategies for preventing and treating chronic diseases on individual genetic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Gonzalez-Becerra
- 1 Medical Molecular Biology Service, "Fray Antonio Alcalde" Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, 42571 University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara , Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Omar Ramos-Lopez
- 1 Medical Molecular Biology Service, "Fray Antonio Alcalde" Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, 42571 University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara , Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | - Elisa Barron-Cabrera
- 1 Medical Molecular Biology Service, "Fray Antonio Alcalde" Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, 42571 University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara , Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Arturo Panduro
- 1 Medical Molecular Biology Service, "Fray Antonio Alcalde" Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, 42571 University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara , Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Erika Martinez-Lopez
- 1 Medical Molecular Biology Service, "Fray Antonio Alcalde" Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, 42571 University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara , Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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Shabana, Hasnain S. The fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2) polymorphism Ala54Thr and obesity in Pakistan: A population based study and a systematic meta-analysis. Gene 2015; 574:106-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.07.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Abdullah MMH, Jones PJH, Eck PK. Nutrigenetics of cholesterol metabolism: observational and dietary intervention studies in the postgenomic era. Nutr Rev 2015; 73:523-43. [PMID: 26117841 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol metabolism is a well-defined responder to dietary intakes and a classic biomarker of cardiovascular health. For this reason, circulating cholesterol levels have become key in shaping nutritional recommendations by health authorities worldwide for better management of cardiovascular disease, a leading cause of mortality and one of the most costly health problems globally. Data from observational and dietary intervention studies, however, highlight a marked between-individual variability in the response of cholesterol metabolism to similar dietary protocols, a phenomenon linked to genetic heterogeneity. This review summarizes the postgenomic evidence of polymorphisms within cholesterol-associated genes relative to fasting circulating cholesterol levels under diverse nutritional conditions. A number of cholesterol-related gene-diet interactions are confirmed, which may have clinical importance, supporting a deeper look into the rapidly emerging field of nutrigenetics for meaningful conclusions that may eventually lead to genetically targeted dietary recommendations in the era of personalized nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M H Abdullah
- M.M.H. Abdullah, P.J.H. Jones, and P.K. Eck are with the Department of Human Nutritional Sciences and the Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (RCFFN), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. P.J.H. Jones is with the Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Peter J H Jones
- M.M.H. Abdullah, P.J.H. Jones, and P.K. Eck are with the Department of Human Nutritional Sciences and the Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (RCFFN), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. P.J.H. Jones is with the Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Peter K Eck
- M.M.H. Abdullah, P.J.H. Jones, and P.K. Eck are with the Department of Human Nutritional Sciences and the Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (RCFFN), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. P.J.H. Jones is with the Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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18
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Chen J, Tellez G, Richards JD, Escobar J. Identification of Potential Biomarkers for Gut Barrier Failure in Broiler Chickens. Front Vet Sci 2015; 2:14. [PMID: 26664943 PMCID: PMC4672187 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2015.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to identify potential biomarkers for gut barrier failure in chickens. A total of 144 day-of-hatch Ross 308 male broiler chickens were housed in 24 battery cages with six chicks per cage. Cages were randomly assigned to either a control group (CON) or gut barrier failure (GBF) group. During the first 13 days, birds in CON or GBF groups were fed a common corn–soy starter diet. On day 14, CON chickens were switched to a corn grower diet, and GBF chickens were switched to rye–wheat–barley grower diet. In addition, on day 21, GBF chickens were orally challenged with a coccidiosis vaccine. At days 21 and 28, birds were weighed by cage and feed intake was recorded to calculate feed conversion ratio. At day 28, one chicken from each cage was euthanized to collect intestinal samples for morphometric analysis, blood for serum, and intestinal mucosa scrapings for gene expression. Overall performance and feed efficiency was severely affected (P < 0.05) by a GBF model when compared with CON group at days 21 and 28. Duodenum of GBF birds had wider villi, longer crypt depth, and higher crypt depth/villi height ratio than CON birds. Similarly, GBF birds had longer crypt depth in jejunum and ileum when compared with CON birds. Protein levels of endotoxin and α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in serum, as well as mRNA levels of interleukin (IL)-8, IL-1β, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β4, and fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) 6 were increased (P < 0.05) in GBF birds compared to CON birds; however, mRNA levels of FABP2, occludin, and mucin 2 (MUC2) were reduced by 34% (P < 0.05), 24% (P = 0.107), and 29% (P = 0.088), respectively, in GBF birds compared to CON birds. The results from the present study suggest that serum endotoxin and AGP, as well as, gene expression of FABP2, FABP6, IL-8, IL-1β, TGF-β4, occludin, and MUC2 in mucosa may work as potential biomarkers for gut barrier health in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juxing Chen
- Novus International, Inc. , St. Charles, MO , USA
| | - Guillermo Tellez
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas , Fayetteville, AR , USA
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Qiu CJ, Ye XZ, Yu XJ, Peng XR, Li TH. Association between FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus risk: a HuGE Review and Meta-Analysis. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 18:2530-5. [PMID: 25388378 PMCID: PMC4302657 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have examined the association between the FABP2 (rs1799883) Ala54Thr gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus risk (T2DM) in various populations, but their results have been inconsistent. To assess this relationship more precisely, A HuGE review and meta-analysis were performed. The PubMed and CNKI database was searched for case-control studies published up to April 2014. Data were extracted and pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Ultimately, 13 studies, comprising 2020 T2DM cases and 2910 controls were included. Overall, for the Thr carriers (Ala/Thr and Thr/Thr) versus the wild-type homozygotes (Ala/Ala), the pooled OR was 1.18 (95% CI = 1.04–1.34, P = 0.062 for heterogeneity), for Thr/Thr versus Ala/Ala the pooled OR was 1.17 (95% CI = 1.05–1.41 P = 0.087 for heterogeneity). In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, the significantly risks were found among Asians but not Caucasians. This meta-analysis suggests that the FABP2 (rs1799883) Ala54Thr polymorphisms are associated with increased susceptibility to T2DM risk among Asians but not Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Jian Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology, No. 81 Hospital of PLA, Nanjing, China
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Mocking RJT, Lok A, Assies J, Koeter MWJ, Visser I, Ruhé HG, Bockting CLH, Schene AH. Ala54Thr fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) polymorphism in recurrent depression: associations with fatty acid concentrations and waist circumference. PLoS One 2013; 8:e82980. [PMID: 24340071 PMCID: PMC3858331 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fatty acid (FA)-alterations may mediate the mutual association between Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, etiology of observed FA-alterations in MDD and CVD remains largely unclear. An interesting candidate may be a mutation in the fatty acid–binding protein 2 (FABP2)-gene, because it regulates dietary FA-uptake. Therefore, we aimed to test the hypotheses that in MDD-patients the FABP2 Ala54Thr-polymorphism would be (I) more prevalent than in sex- and age-matched controls, (II) associated with observed alterations in FA-metabolism, and (III) associated with CVD-risk factor waist circumference. Methods We measured concentrations of 29 different erythrocyte FAs, FABP2-genotype, and waist circumference in recurrent MDD-patients and matched never-depressed controls. Results FABP2-genotype distribution did not significantly differ between the 137 MDD-patients and 73 matched controls. However, patients with the Ala54Thr-polymorphism had (I) higher concentrations of especially eicosadienoic acid (C20:2ω6; P=.009) and other 20-carbon FAs, and associated (II) lower waist circumference (P=.019). In addition, FABP2-genotype effects on waist circumference in patients seemed (I) mediated by its effect on C20:2ω6, and (II) different from controls. Conclusions Although Ala54Thr-polymorphism distribution was not associated with recurrent MDD, our results indicate that FABP2 may play a role in the explanation of observed FA-alterations in MDD. For Ala54Thr-polymorphism patients, potentially adaptive conversion of increased bioavailable dietary precursors into eicosadienoic acid instead of arachidonic acid might be related to a low waist circumference. Because this is the first investigation of these associations, replication is warranted, preferably by nutrigenetic studies applying lipidomics and detailed dietary assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roel J. T. Mocking
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Anja Lok
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna Assies
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten W. J. Koeter
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ieke Visser
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henricus G. Ruhé
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Program for Mood and Anxiety Disorders, University Center for Psychiatry UMCG, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Claudi L. H. Bockting
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Aart H. Schene
- Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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McKimmie RL, Easter L, Weinberg RB. Acyl chain length, saturation, and hydrophobicity modulate the efficiency of dietary fatty acid absorption in adult humans. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2013; 305:G620-7. [PMID: 24008359 PMCID: PMC3840238 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00258.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal fat absorption is known to be, overall, a highly efficient process, but much less is known about the efficiency with which individual dietary fatty acids (FA) are absorbed by the adult small intestine. We therefore measured the absorption efficiency of the major dietary FA using sucrose polybehenate (SPB) as a nonabsorbable marker and analyzed how it is modulated by acyl chain physicochemical properties and polymorphisms of proteins involved in chylomicron assembly. Dietary FA absorption efficiency was measured in 44 healthy subjects fed a standard diet containing 35% fat and 5% SPB. FA and behenic acid (BA) were measured in homogenized diets and stool samples by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, and coefficients of absorption for each FA were calculated as 1 - [(FA/BA)feces/(FA/BA)diet]. Absorption coefficients for saturated FA decreased with increasing chain length and hydrophobicity (mean ± SE) and ranged from 0.95 ± 0.02 for myristate (14:0), 0.80 ± 0.03 for stearate (18:0), to 0.26 ± 0.02 for arachidate (20:0). Absorption coefficients for unsaturated FA increased with increasing desaturation from 0.79 ± 0.03 for elaidic acid (18:1t), 0.96 ± 0.01 for linoleate (18:2), to near complete absorption for eicosapentaenoic (20:5) and docosahexaenoic (22:6) acids. Of several common genetic polymorphisms in key proteins involved in the chylomicron assembly pathway, only the intestinal fatty acid-binding protein-2 A54T allele (rs1799883) had any impact on FA absorption. We conclude that acyl chain length, saturation, and hydrophobicity are the major determinants of the efficiency with which dietary FA are absorbed by the adult small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan L. McKimmie
- 1Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina;
| | - Linda Easter
- 2Translational Science Institute, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina; and
| | - Richard B. Weinberg
- 1Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina; ,2Translational Science Institute, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina; and ,3Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
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Abbas S, Raza ST, Ahmed F, Ahmad A, Rizvi S, Mahdi F. Association of genetic polymorphism of PPARγ-2, ACE, MTHFR, FABP-2 and FTO genes in risk prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Biomed Sci 2013; 20:80. [PMID: 24156506 PMCID: PMC4015124 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-20-80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a non-autoimmune, complex, heterogeneous and polygenic metabolic disease condition characterized by persistent elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia). India as said to be the diabetic capital of the world is likely to experience the largest increase in T2DM and a greater number of diabetic individuals in the world by the year 2030. Identification of specific genetic variations in a particular ethnic group has a critical role in understanding the risk of developing T2DM in a much efficient way in future. These genetic variations include numerous types of polymorphisms among which single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is the most frequent. SNPs are basically located within the regulatory elements of several gene sequences. There are scores of genes interacting with various environmental factors affecting various pathways and sometimes even the whole signalling network that cause diseases like T2DM. This review discusses the biomarkers for early risk prediction of T2DM. Such predictions could be used in order to understand the pathogenesis of T2DM and to better diagnostics, treatment, and eventually prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shania Abbas
- Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Syed Tasleem Raza
- Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Faisal Ahmed
- Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Absar Ahmad
- Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Saliha Rizvi
- Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Farzana Mahdi
- Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow 226003, India
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Freshwater Clam Extract Ameliorates Triglyceride and Cholesterol Metabolism through the Expression of Genes Involved in Hepatic Lipogenesis and Cholesterol Degradation in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:830684. [PMID: 23476706 PMCID: PMC3583048 DOI: 10.1155/2013/830684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The freshwater clam (Corbicula spp.) is a popular edible bivalve and has been used as a folk remedy for liver disease in Asia. As a Chinese traditional medicine, it is said that freshwater clam ameliorates alcoholic intoxication and cholestasis. In this study, to estimate the practical benefit of freshwater clam extract (FCE), we compared the effects of FCE and soy protein isolate (SPI) on triglyceride and cholesterol metabolism in rats. FCE and SPI lowered serum cholesterol, and FCE tended to reduce serum triglycerides. FCE enhanced fecal sterol excretion and hepatic mRNA levels of CYP7A1 and ABCG5 more substantially than SPI; however, both diets reduced hepatic cholesterol. Both of the diets similarly suppressed liver lipids improved Δ9-desaturated fatty acid profile, and FCE was associated with a reduction in FAS and SCD1 mRNA levels. Hepatic transcriptome analysis revealed that inhibition of lipogenesis-related gene expression may contribute to downregulation of hepatic triglycerides by FCE. FCE would have better potential benefits for preventing metabolic disorders, through greater improvement of metabolism of triglycerides and cholesterol, likely through a mechanism similar to SPI.
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Gardner LD, Jayasundara N, Castilho PC, Block B. Microarray gene expression profiles from mature gonad tissues of Atlantic bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus in the Gulf of Mexico. BMC Genomics 2012; 13:530. [PMID: 23036107 PMCID: PMC3478158 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bluefin tunas are highly prized pelagic fish species representing a significant economic resource to fisheries throughout the world. Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) populations have significantly declined due to overexploitation. As a consequence of their value and population decline, T. thynnus has been the focus of considerable research effort concerning many aspects of their life history. However, in-depth understanding of T. thynnus reproductive biology is still lacking. Knowledge of reproductive physiology is a very important tool for determining effective fisheries and aquaculture management. Transcriptome techniques are proving powerful and provide novel insights into physiological processes. Construction of a microarray from T. thynnus ESTs sourced from reproductive tissues has provided an ideal platform to study the reproductive physiology of bluefin tunas. The aim of this investigation was to compare transcription profiles from the ovaries and testes of mature T. thynnus to establish sex specific variations underlying their reproductive physiology. Results Male and females T. thynnus gonad tissues were collected from the wild and histologically staged. Sub-samples of sexually mature tissues were also measured for their mRNA differential expression among the sexes using the custom microarray design BFT 4X44K. A total of 7068 ESTs were assessed for differential expression of which 1273 ESTs were significantly different (p<0.05) with >2 fold change in expression according to sex. Differential expression for 13 of these ESTs was validated with quantitative PCR. These include genes involved in egg envelope formation, hydration, and lipid transport/accumulation more highly expressed in ovaries compared with testis, while genes involved in meiosis, sperm motility and lipid metabolism were more highly expressed in testis compared with ovaries. Conclusions This investigation has furthered our knowledge of bluefin tunas reproductive biology by using a contemporary transcriptome approach. Gene expression profiles in T. thynnus sexually mature testes and ovaries were characterized with reference to gametogenesis and potential alternative functions. This report is the first application of microarray technology for bluefin tunas and demonstrates the efficacy by which this technique may be used for further characterization of specific biological aspects for this valuable teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke D Gardner
- Biology Department, Hopkins Marine Station, Pacific Grove, Stanford University, California 93950, USA.
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Pérusse L, Rankinen T, Zuberi A, Chagnon YC, Weisnagel SJ, Argyropoulos G, Walts B, Snyder EE, Bouchard C. The Human Obesity Gene Map: The 2004 Update. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 13:381-490. [PMID: 15833932 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2005.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the eleventh update of the human obesity gene map, which incorporates published results up to the end of October 2004. Evidence from single-gene mutation obesity cases, Mendelian disorders exhibiting obesity as a clinical feature, transgenic and knockout murine models relevant to obesity, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) from animal cross-breeding experiments, association studies with candidate genes, and linkages from genome scans is reviewed. As of October 2004, 173 human obesity cases due to single-gene mutations in 10 different genes have been reported, and 49 loci related to Mendelian syndromes relevant to human obesity have been mapped to a genomic region, and causal genes or strong candidates have been identified for most of these syndromes. There are 166 genes which, when mutated or expressed as transgenes in the mouse, result in phenotypes that affect body weight and adiposity. The number of QTLs reported from animal models currently reaches 221. The number of human obesity QTLs derived from genome scans continues to grow, and we have now 204 QTLs for obesity-related phenotypes from 50 genome-wide scans. A total of 38 genomic regions harbor QTLs replicated among two to four studies. The number of studies reporting associations between DNA sequence variation in specific genes and obesity phenotypes has also increased considerably with 358 findings of positive associations with 113 candidate genes. Among them, 18 genes are supported by at least five positive studies. The obesity gene map shows putative loci on all chromosomes except Y. Overall, >600 genes, markers, and chromosomal regions have been associated or linked with human obesity phenotypes. The electronic version of the map with links to useful publications and genomic and other relevant sites can be found at http://obesitygene.pbrc.edu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Pérusse
- Division of Kinesiology, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada
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Martinez-Lopez E, Garcia-Garcia MR, Gonzalez-Avalos JM, Maldonado-Gonzalez M, Ruiz-Madrigal B, Vizmanos B, Hernandez-Nazara Z, Roman S, Panduro A. Effect of Ala54Thr polymorphism of FABP2 on anthropometric and biochemical variables in response to a moderate-fat diet. Nutrition 2012; 29:46-51. [PMID: 22817827 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Revised: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effect of the fatty acid-binding protein (FABP2) gene Ala54Thr polymorphism on anthropometric and biochemical variables in response to a moderate-fat diet in overweight or obese subjects. METHODS One hundred nine subjects with a body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m(2) were studied. Participants underwent a dietary intervention that consisted of 30% fat (saturated fat <7% of total calories), 15% protein, and 55% carbohydrates. The FABP2 genotypes were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Anthropometric and biochemical data were measured at baseline, 1 mo, and 2 mo of nutritional intervention. RESULTS The mean age was 38.6 ± 11.3 y and the mean body mass index 32.7 ± 6.1 kg/m(2), with 20 men (18%) and 89 women (82%). Fifty-three patients (48.6%) had genotype Ala54Ala (wild-type group) and 56 patients had genotype Ala54Thr/Thr54Thr (51.4%, mutant group). At baseline, no significant difference was found between the FABP2 genotypes groups, except for the carbohydrate intake and resting metabolic rate, which were higher in the Ala54Thr/Thr54Thr group (P < 0.05). At 2 mo, participants had lost 6.8% of their initial weight. The Ala54Thr/Thr54Thr group compared with the Ala54Ala group showed significant decreases in the parameters of weight (-7.5 versus -4.2 kg), body mass index (-2.1 versus -1.2 kg/m(2)), waist circumference (-7.6 versus -5.2 cm), waist-to-hip ratio (-0.04 versus -0.02), and C-reactive protein (-1.4 versus -0.76 mg/L), respectively (P < 0.05). After the resting metabolic rate was adjusted, the decreases in waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and C-reactive protein remained significant between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that the Thr54 allele carriers responded better to a moderate-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Martinez-Lopez
- Deparment of Molecular Biology in Medicine, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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Wu C, Gong Y, Yuan J, Gong H, Zou Y, Ge J. Identification of shared genetic susceptibility locus for coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes and obesity: a meta-analysis of genome-wide studies. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2012; 11:68. [PMID: 22697793 PMCID: PMC3481354 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-11-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (2DM), obesity, and coronary artery disease (CAD) are frequently coexisted being as key components of metabolic syndrome. Whether there is shared genetic background underlying these diseases remained unclear. We performed a meta-analysis of 35 genome screens for 2DM, 36 for obesity or body mass index (BMI)-defined obesity, and 21 for CAD using genome search meta-analysis (GSMA), which combines linkage results to identify regions with only weak evidence and provide genetic interactions among different diseases. For each study, 120 genomic bins of approximately 30 cM were defined and ranked according to the best linkage evidence within each bin. For each disease, bin 6.2 achieved genomic significanct evidence, and bin 9.3, 10.5, 16.3 reached suggestive level for 2DM. Bin 11.2 and 16.3, and bin 10.5 and 9.3, reached suggestive evidence for obesity and CAD respectively. In pooled all three diseases, bin 9.3 and 6.5 reached genomic significant and suggestive evidence respectively, being relatively much weaker for 2DM/CAD or 2DM/obesity or CAD/obesity. Further, genomewide significant evidence was observed of bin 16.3 and 4.5 for 2DM/obesity, which is decreased when CAD was added. These findings indicated that bin 9.3 and 6.5 are most likely to be shared by 2DM, obesity and CAD. And bin 16.3 and 4.5 are potentially common regions to 2DM and obesity only. The observed shared susceptibility regions imply a partly overlapping genetic aspects of disease development. Fine scanning of these regions will definitely identify more susceptibility genes and causal variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoneng Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Zhao T, Zhao J, Lv J, Nzekebaloudou M. Meta-analysis on the effect of the Ala54Thr polymorphism of the fatty acid-binding protein 2 gene on body mass index. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2011; 21:823-829. [PMID: 20621703 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2010.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2009] [Revised: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The results from studies published on the association of fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) Ala54Thr polymorphism with body mass index (BMI) are conflicting. In this meta-analysis, we investigated the association of the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism with BMI. METHODS AND RESULTS We searched for articles published prior to June 2009 using PubMed, HugeNavigator and China National Knowledge Internet. The languages were limited to English and Chinese. Data on BMI were collected. A pooled weighted mean difference (WMD), together with 95% confidence interval (CI), was used for this meta-analysis. A total of 27 studies with 10 974 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled effect for dominant, recessive and co-dominant model comparisons did not suggest the significant association between the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism and BMI in overall populations: WMD(fixed effects)=-0.00, 95% CI: (-0.16 to 0.15), p=0.99, WMD(random effects)=-0.00, 95% CI: (-0.16 to 0.15), p=0.99, p(Q)=0.77, I(2)=0%, WMD(fixed effects)=-0.12, 95% CI: (-0.39 to 0.14), p=0.35, WMD(random effects)=-0.12, 95% CI: (-0.39 to 0.14), p=0.35, p(Q)=0.47, I(2)=0% and WMD(fixed effects)=0.07, 95% CI: (-0.11 to 0.25), p=0.45, WMD(random effects)=0.07, 95% CI: (-0.11 to 0.25), p=0.45, p(Q)=0.90, I(2)=0%, respectively. The results from the comparisons of ThrThr versus AlaAla and AlaThr versus AlaAla showed no evidence that the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism is significantly associated with BMI in overall populations (p>0.05). All the results from the subgroup analyses for these genetic models comparisons were not significant (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis does not support the association between the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism and BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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de Luis DA, Gonzalez Sagrado M, Aller R, Izaola O, Conde R. Metabolic syndrome and ALA54THR polymorphism of fatty acid-binding protein 2 in obese patients. Metabolism 2011; 60:664-8. [PMID: 20723947 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2010.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2010] [Revised: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) has been estimated to be approximately 25% of the population at large. A transition G to A at codon 54 of fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) results in an amino acid substitution (ala54 to Thr54), and this polymorphism was associated with some cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between MS and Thr54 polymorphism in the FABP2 gene in obese patients. A population of 750 (body mass index >30) obese patients was analyzed in cross-sectional survey. Bioimpedance, blood pressure, and serial assessment of nutritional intake with 3-day written food records and biochemical analysis were performed. The statistical analysis was performed for the combined Ala54/Thr54 and Thr54/Thr54 as a mutant group and wild-type Ala54/Ala54 as second group. Prevalence of MS with Adult Treatment Panel III definition was 49.7% (373 patients; 24.9% male and 75.1% female), and 50.3% of the patients had no MS (n = 377; 34.2% male and 65.8% female). Prevalence of FABP genotypes was similar in patients with MS (55.5% wild genotype and 44.5% mutant genotype) and without MS (54.6% wild genotype and 45.4% mutant genotype). Prevalence of each criteria of MS was calculated in wild- and mutant-type genotypes, without statistical differences. No differences in anthropometric and biochemical parameters were detected between genotypes in the same group of MS. The finding of our study is the lack of association of the Thr54/Ala54 and Thr54/Thr54 FABP2 genotypes with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Antonio de Luis
- Institute of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medicine School and Unit of Investigation, Hospital Rio Hortega, University of Valladolid, Simancas 47130, Valladolid, Spain.
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Zhao T, Zhao J, Yang W. Association of the fatty acid-binding protein 2 gene Ala54Thr polymorphism with insulin resistance and blood glucose: a meta-analysis in 13451 subjects. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2010; 26:357-64. [PMID: 20578207 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The results from the published studies on the association of fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) Ala54Thr polymorphism with insulin resistance and blood glucose are conflicting. In this meta-analysis, we investigated the association of the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism with insulin resistance and blood glucose. METHODS We collected data on fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin, 2-h blood glucose (2-h BG) and 2-h insulin (2-h insulin), and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index. A dominant model was used for this meta-analysis. RESULTS Thirty-one studies with 13 451 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. The carriers of Thr54 allele have significantly higher homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index and marginally higher fasting insulin than the non-carriers: standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.07, 95% confidence interval (CI, 0.02, 0.12), p = 0.007, p(heterogeneity) = 0.19 and SMD = 0.08, 95% CI (-0.01, 0.17), p = 0.07, p(heterogeneity) < 0.00001, respectively. A borderline significant association between the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism and an increased 2-h BG was also detected under the dominant model: SMD = 0.10, 95% CI (0.00, 0.20), p = 0.05, p(heterogeneity) = 0.09. In addition, a borderline association between this polymorphism and an increased fasting blood glucose in populations of other ethnic origins was detected under the dominant model: SMD = 0.11, 95% CI (-0.00, 0.23), p = 0.06, p(heterogeneity) = 0.03. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis suggests that the Thr54 allele of the FABP2 Ala54Thr is weakly associated with a higher degree of insulin resistance, higher level of fasting insulin and higher level of 2-h BG. Our meta-analysis also suggests a weak association between this polymorphism and an increased fasting blood glucose in populations of other ethnic origins under the dominant model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongfeng Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Zhao T, Nzekebaloudou M, lv J. Ala54Thr polymorphism of fatty acid-binding protein 2 gene and fasting blood lipids: A meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis 2010; 210:461-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Revised: 11/13/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Böhme M, Grallert H, Klapper M, Gieger C, Fischer A, Heid I, Wichmann HE, Döring F, Illig T. Association between functional FABP2 promoter haplotypes and body mass index: Analyses of 8072 participants of the KORA cohort study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2009; 53:681-5. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200800225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ala54Thr Polymorphism of Fatty Acid Binding Protein 2, Role on Insulin Resistance and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Presurgical Morbid Obesity Patients. Obes Surg 2009; 19:1691-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-009-9859-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2009] [Accepted: 04/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Tavridou A, Arvanitidis KI, Tiptiri-Kourpeti A, Petridis I, Ragia G, Kyroglou S, Christakidis D, Manolopoulos VG. Thr54 allele of fatty-acid binding protein 2 gene is associated with obesity but not type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Caucasian population. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2009; 84:132-7. [PMID: 19324445 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2009.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Revised: 01/29/2009] [Accepted: 02/18/2009] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM The fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) A54T polymorphism has been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity in many but not all studies. Our aim was to investigate possible associations of FABP2 A54T polymorphism with T2DM and/or obesity in a Greek Caucasian population. METHODS 242 subjects with T2DM and 188 control subjects were genotyped for the FABP2 A54T polymorphism using PCR-RFLP method. Of the total subjects included in both groups, 172 were classified as obese (BMI >or= 30 kg/m(2)) and 258 were classified as nonobese (BMI <30 kg/m(2)). RESULTS In the whole population, 218 subjects (50.7%) were genotyped as AA, 175 subjects (40.7%) as AT, and 37 subjects (8.6%) as TT for the FABP2 A54T polymorphism. According to the dominant model, the frequency of AA genotype was significantly lower in obese than in nonobese subjects (43.0% vs 55.8%, p=0.009). No significant difference was observed in genotypes between diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. According to the additive model, the presence of TT genotype was significantly associated with obesity after adjusting for age, sex, and the presence of T2DM (OR 2.32, p=0.028). CONCLUSION FABP2 A54T polymorphism may help identify Caucasian subjects at risk for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tavridou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana Campus, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.
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Storch J, Corsico B. The emerging functions and mechanisms of mammalian fatty acid-binding proteins. Annu Rev Nutr 2008; 28:73-95. [PMID: 18435590 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.27.061406.093710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are abundant intracellular proteins that bind long-chain fatty acids with high affinity. Nine separate mammalian FABPs have been identified, and their tertiary structures are highly conserved. The FABPs have unique tissue-specific distributions that have long suggested functional differences among them. In the last decade, considerable progress has been made in understanding the specific functions of the FABPs and, in some cases, their mechanisms of action at the molecular level. The FABPs appear to be involved in the extranuclear compartments of the cell by trafficking their ligands within the cytosol via interactions with organelle membranes and specific proteins. Several members of the FABP family have been shown to function directly in the regulation of cognate nuclear transcription factor activity via ligand-dependent translocation to the nucleus. This review will focus on these emerging functions and mechanisms of the FABPs, highlighting the unique functional properties of each as well as the similarities among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Storch
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and the Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA.
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de Luis DA, Aller R, Izaola O, Sagrado MG, Conde R. Influence of Ala54Thr polymorphism of fatty acid-binding protein 2 on weight loss and insulin levels secondary to two hypocaloric diets: a randomized clinical trial. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2008; 82:113-8. [PMID: 18701184 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2008.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2008] [Revised: 06/29/2008] [Accepted: 07/01/2008] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A transition G to A at codon 54 of FABP2 was associated with high insulin resistance and different dietary response. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of this polymorphism on weight loss and metabolic changes secondary to two hypocaloric diets. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A sample of 204 obesity patients was analyzed. Before and after 2 months of hypocaloric diet, a nutritional evaluation was performed. Patients were randomly allocated to diet I (low-fat diet) or II (low carbohydrate diet). RESULTS With diet Type I and in the wild group (Ala54/Ala54), BMI, weight, fat mass, waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, total cholesterol, triglyceride and insulin levels decreased. In the mutant group (Ala54/Thr54 and Thr54/Thr54), BMI, weight, waist circumference and fat mass decreased. In the wild group with diet Type II, the same parameters that group I decreased and glucose levels, too. In the mutant group, BMI, weight, waist circumference and fat mass decreased. Only leptin levels have a significant decrease in the wild group with both diets (diet I: 30.7%; p<0.05 and diet II: 15.85%; p<0.05). CONCLUSION Similar weight loss is associated with different changes, depending on the FABP genotype with both diets. Weight loss is associated with a more deep decrease in serum leptin concentration with low-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A de Luis
- Institute of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medicine School and Unit of Investigation, Hospital Rio Hortega, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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Santos JL, Amador P, Valladares M, Albala C, Martínez JA, Marti A. Obesity and eating behaviour in a three-generation chilean family with carriers of the Thr150Ile mutation in the melanocortin-4 receptor gene. J Physiol Biochem 2008; 64:205-10. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03178843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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de Luis DA, Sagrado MG, Izaola O, Terroba MC, Cuellar L, Conde R, Martin T. Influence of Ala54Thr polymorphism of fatty acid-binding protein-2 on clinical results of biliopancreatic diversion. Nutrition 2008; 24:300-4. [PMID: 18280114 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2007.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2007] [Revised: 12/10/2007] [Accepted: 12/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bariatric surgery is the most effective long-term treatment for morbid obesity, reducing obesity-associated comorbidities. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the fatty acid-binding protein-2 Ala54Thr polymorphism outcomes 1 y after biliopancreatic diversion in morbidly obese patients. METHODS A sample of 41 morbidly obese patients (body mass index >40 kg/m(2)) were operated upon from December 2004 to December 2006. Weight, fat mass, blood pressure, basal glucose, triacylglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured at the basal visit and at each visit. The frequency of patients with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia was recorded at each visit. RESULTS Twenty-three patients (56.1%) had genotype Ala54/Ala54 (wild group) and 18 patients had genotype Ala54/Thr54 (15 patients, 36.5%) or Thr54/Thr54 (3 patients, 7.4%; mutant group). In the wild group, body mass index, weight, fat mass, systolic blood pressure, glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triacylglycerol concentrations decreased. Diastolic blood pressure remained unchanged. In the mutant group, the same parameters improved, without statistical differences from the wild group. Initial excess weight percent loss at 1 y of follow-up was similar in both genotype groups (61.8% versus 61.9%, NS). CONCLUSION Polymorphism Ala54Thr of fatty acid-binding protein did not have an effect on weight loss or clinical outcomes after bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A de Luis
- Institute of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medical School, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
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Mericq V, Iñíguez G, Martínez A, Avila A, Hernández MI, Capurro T, Salazar T, Angel B, Pérez-Bravo F. Ala54Thr polymorphism of the fatty acid-binding protein 2 gene (intestinal-type FABP) is associated with changes in insulin sensitivity in SGA pubertal girls. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2008; 21:117-25. [PMID: 18422024 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2008.21.2.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Associations between FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism and increased fasting insulin concentration, fasting fatty acid oxidation and reduced glucose uptake have been identified in several populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of Ala54 Thr polymorphism of the FABP2 gene with insulin sensitivity in pubertal girls born small for gestational age (SGA). RESULTS The frequency of the Thr54 allele did not differ between AGA and SGA girls (0.52 vs 0.43). Girls born SGA positive for the Ala/Thr polymorphism were older at the beginning of puberty compared to girls born AGA with the Thr54 allele (p < 0.01). These girls had lower whole body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI) (4.1 +/- 1.7 vs 9.2+/-7.4, p < 0.05), higher leptin (17.3 +/- 5.9 vs 12.1 +/- 13.7, p < 0.02), insulin area under the curve (AUC) (64,272 +/- 9,209 vs 27,981 +/- 15,637, p < 0.001), proinsulin (17.3 +/- 5.4 vs 10.9 +/- 3.6, p < 0.01) and insulinogenic index (4.6 +/- 3.0 vs 2.9 +/- 5.9, p < 0.01). Conversely, girls born SGA positive for the Ala/Thr polymorphism were older at the beginning of puberty (ns) compared to girls born SGA positive for the Ala/Ala polymorphism. These girls had higher insulin AUC (64,272 +/- 9,209 vs 33,322 +/-7,533, p < 0.01), insulinogenic index (4.6 +/- 3.0 vs 2.5 +/- 3.6, p < 0.01) and lower WBISI (4.1 +/- 1.7 vs 6.3 +/- 1.8, p < 0.05). DISCUSSION Our results suggest that the Thr54 variant of the FABP2 gene could be associated with a synergic effect in the SGA group regarding higher leptin levels (p < 0.05), lower insulin sensitivity by WBISI (p < 0.05) and higher insulin secretion determined by higher insulinogenic index (p < 0.01), insulin AUC (p < 0.01) and beta-cell stress measured by higher proinsulin (p < 0.05). Our data suggest an involvement of genetic factors in the insulin resistance associated with reduced fetal growth and strengthen the hypothesis that this association could be the consequence of interactions between detrimental factors during fetal life and genetic susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Mericq
- Institute of Maternal and Child Research, Faculty ofMedicine, University of Chile, Santiago.
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Martínez-López E, Ruíz-Madrigal B, Hernández-Cañaveral I, Panduro A. Association of the T54 allele of the FABP2 gene with cardiovascular risk factors in obese Mexican subjects. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2007; 4:235-6. [PMID: 17907115 DOI: 10.3132/dvdr.2007.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic predisposition to cardiovascular risk may vary between different ethnic groups. We studied the effect of the FABP2 A54T polymorphism on biochemical and anthropometric cardiovascular risk factors in 114 obese Mexican subjects. The mean age of the patients studied was 36.8+/-13.3 years. Insulin resistance was present in 47%, hypercholesterolaemia in 49% and hypertriglyceridaemia in 45%. Frequency of the FABP2 genotype was 39% AA, 54.8% AT and 6.2% TT. The AT/TT group showed an increase in body mass index (34+/-7.1 vs. 31+/-4.8 kg/m2), waist circumference (101+/-15.7 vs. 96.5+/-15.8 cm), triglycerides (145+/-60.8 vs. 127+/-79.4 mg/dL; 1.64+/-0.67 vs. 1.43+/-0.89 mmol/L), total cholesterol (176+/-39.4 vs. 164+/-38.2 mg/dL; 4.55+/-1.02 vs. 4.24+/-0.99 mmol/L), LDL (121+/-24.2 vs. 111+/-25.9 mg/dL; 3.13+/-0.62 vs. 2.88+/-0.67 mmol/L) and VLDL (28.8+/-12.1 vs. 25.1+/-16.1 mg/dL; 0.74+/-0.31 vs. 0.64+/-0.41 mmol/L) compared to the AA group (p<0.05). The AT/TT group had greatly increased cardiovascular risk, with an OR of 7.56 (95% CI, 1.82-36.24; p<0.001) compared to the AA group. Our results suggest that A54T polymorphism of the FABP2 gene is associated with cardiovascular disease risk in obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Martínez-López
- Service of Molecular Biology in Medicine, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, PO Box 2-500, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico 44280
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Albala C, Villarroel A, Santos JL, Angel B, Lera L, Liberman C, Sanchez H, Pérez-Bravo F. FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism and diabetes in Chilean elders. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2007; 77:245-50. [PMID: 17292994 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2006.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2006] [Accepted: 12/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism has been associated with insulin resistance and diabetes in several populations. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of FABP2 genotypes in 223 Chilean subjects (136 women and 87 men aged 65-79 years) and its association with type 2 diabetes in a 4 years follow-up. METHODS Glucose, Insulin and lipids were measured in fasting plasma samples. Insulin resistance was estimated through the homeostasis model assessment. Diabetes was diagnosed according ADA criteria. The Ala54Thr allelic variant was determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis. Logistic regression techniques were used to assess gene-disease associations. RESULTS Genotype frequencies were estimated as 30.5, 49.3 and 20.2% for the Ala/Ala, Ala/Thr and Thr/Thr, respectively. The crude OR for the association between Thr54 carriers and diabetes was estimated as 2.18 (1.12-4.24). The corresponding OR for the association between Thr54 carriers with Metabolic Syndrome was 1.06 (0.59-1.88). After adjustment by BMI and age, a significant association persists for Thr54Thr carriers and diabetes (OR 2.70; 95% CI 1.113-6.527). The 4-year cumulative incidence of diabetes was higher in Thr carriers than in non-carriers (20.1% versus 8.5%; p<0.04). The adjusted association between Thr54Thr polymorphism and diabetes incidence was OR 3.84 (95% CI: 1.140-12.910) CONCLUSION Our results strongly suggest an association between the Ala54Thr polymorphism of FABP2 with diabetes, revealing a genetic dosage effect regarding its association with diabetes in Chilean elders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Albala
- Public Health Nutrition Unit, Chronic Diseases & Genetic Epidemiology Research Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA) University of Chile, Casilla, Santiago, P.O. Box 138-1, El Libiano 5524, Chile.
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Gomez LC, Real SM, Ojeda MS, Gimenez S, Mayorga LS, Roqué M. Polymorphism of the FABP2 gene: a population frequency analysis and an association study with cardiovascular risk markers in Argentina. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2007; 8:39. [PMID: 17594477 PMCID: PMC1925061 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-8-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2007] [Accepted: 06/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The FABP2 gene encodes for the intestinal FABP (IFABP) protein, which is expressed only in intestinal enterocytes. A polymorphism at codon 54 in exon 2 of the FABP2 gene exchanges an Alanine (Ala), in the small helical region of the protein, for Threonine (Thr). Given the potential physiological role of the Ala54Thr FABP2 polymorphism, we assess in this study the local population frequency and analyze possible associations with five selected markers, i.e. glycemia, total cholesterol, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, and high Cardiovascular Risk Index (CVR index). METHODS We studied 86 men and 116 women. DNA was extracted from a blood drop for genotype analysis. Allele frequencies were calculated by direct counting. Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium was evaluated using a Chi-square goodness of fit test. For the polymorphism association analysis, five markers were selected, i.e. blood pressure, Framingham Risk Index, total cholesterol, BMI, and glycemia. For each marker, the Odds Ratio (OR) was calculated by an online statistic tool. RESULTS Our results reveal a similar population polymorphism frequency as in previous European studies, with q = 0.277 (95% confidence limits 0.234-0.323). No significant association was found with any of the tested markers in the context of our Argentine nutritional and cultural habits. We did, however, observe a tendency for increased Cholesterol and high BMI in Thr54 carriers. CONCLUSION This is the first study to look at the population frequency of the Thr54 allele in Argentina. The obtained result does not differ from previously reported frequencies in European populations. Moreover, we found no association between the Thr54 allele and any of the five selected markers. The observed tendency to increased total cholesterol and elevated BMI in Thr54 carriers, even though not significant for p < 0.1 could be worth of further investigation to establish whether the Thr54 variant should be taken into consideration in cardiovascular prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Gomez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza CP:5500, Argentina
| | - Sebastián M Real
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza CP:5500, Argentina
| | - Marta S Ojeda
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | | | - Luis S Mayorga
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza CP:5500, Argentina
| | - María Roqué
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza CP:5500, Argentina
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López-Miranda J, Pérez-Martínez P, Marin C, Fuentes F, Delgado J, Pérez-Jiménez F. Dietary fat, genes and insulin sensitivity. J Mol Med (Berl) 2006; 85:213-26. [PMID: 17171387 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-006-0138-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2006] [Revised: 11/26/2006] [Accepted: 11/30/2006] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Both insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia are determined by genetic and environmental factors. Depending on their expression and their function, gene variants may influence either insulin action or dyslipidaemia. The purpose of this review was to give some examples from recent studies of gene variants that influence insulin signalling and the interaction between gene and diet to predispose insulin resistance. Recent findings indicate a major role for genetic susceptibility to the insulin resistance syndrome. Nutrition also plays an important role in the development and progression of the condition. Genetic background may interact with habitual dietary fat composition, affecting predisposition to the insulin resistance syndrome and individual responsiveness to changes in dietary fat intake. Due to the complex nature of gene-environment interactions, therefore, therapeutic dietary therapy may require a 'personalized' nutrition approach in the future. Although results have not always been consistent, gene variants that affect primary insulin action or dyslipidaemia, and particularly their interaction with the environment, are important modulators of glucose metabolism and insulin resistance syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- José López-Miranda
- Lipid and Arteriosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Avda Menéndez Pidal, s/n, 14004, Cordova, Spain.
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de Luis DA, Aller R, Izaola O, Sagrado MG, Conde R. Influence of ALA54THR Polymorphism of Fatty Acid Binding Protein 2 on Lifestyle Modification Response in Obese Subjects. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2006; 50:354-60. [PMID: 16809903 DOI: 10.1159/000094299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2005] [Accepted: 02/19/2006] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM It has been found that the expression of fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2) mRNA is under dietary control. A G-to-A transition at codon 54 of FABP2 results in an amino acid substitution (from Ala 54 to Thr 54). This polymorphism was associated with high insulin resistance and high fasting insulin concentrations. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of Thr54 polymorphism in the FABP2 protein on the response to a lifestyle modification (Mediterranean hypocaloric diet and exercise) in obese patients. METHODS A population of 69 obese (body mass index > 30) nondiabetic outpatients was analyzed in a prospective way. Before and after 3 months of the lifestyle modification program, indirect calorimetry, tetrapolar electrical bioimpedance measurement, blood pressure recording, serial assessment of the nutritional intake (3 days of written food records), and biochemical analysis were performed. The lifestyle modification program consisted of a hypocaloric diet (1,520 kcal; 52% carbohydrates, 25% lipids, and 23% proteins). The exercise program consisted of aerobic exercise for at least three times/week (60 min each). Statistical analysis was performed for combined Ala54/Thr54 and Thr54/Thr54 as a mutant group and wild-type Ala54/Ala54 as second group. RESULTS The mean age was 45.5 +/- 16.7 years, the mean body mass index was 34.1 +/- 5.1, and there were 14 males (20.3%) and 55 females (79.7%) with a weight loss of 3.17 +/- 3.5 kg (3.5%). Thirty-seven patients (53.6%) had the genotype Ala54/Ala54 (wild-type group) and 32 (46.4%) patients either the genotype Ala54/Thr54 (26 patients, 30.2%) or the genotype Thr54/Thr54 (6 patients, 16.2%). The percentage of responders (weight loss) was similar in both groups (89.2 vs. 90.6%). In the wild-type group, body mass index, weight, fat mass, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and waist circumference decreased, whereas the VO2 (oxygen consumption) increased. In the mutant group, glucose, body mass index, weight, waist circumference, and systolic blood pressure decreased, and VO2 increased. No differences were detected between basal values in both groups. Only the leptin levels showed a significant decrease in the wild-type group (23.85%; p < 0.05), with no statistically significant difference in the mutant group (2.59%; NS). Resistin, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, insulin, and C-reactive protein remained without changes in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Weight loss is associated with different changes, depending on the FABP2 genotype. Carriers of the Thr54 allele have a different response than wild-type obese subjects, with a significant decrease of systolic blood pressure and glucose levels in Thr54 carriers and a significant decrease in fat mass, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and leptin in wild-type patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A de Luis
- Institute of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medical School and Unit of Investigation, Hospital Rio Hortega, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
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Canani LH, Capp C, Ng DPK, Choo SGL, Maia AL, Nabinger GB, Santos K, Crispim D, Roisemberg I, Krolewski AS, Gross JL. The fatty acid-binding protein-2 A54T polymorphism is associated with renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2005; 54:3326-30. [PMID: 16249461 DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.54.11.3326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal fatty-acid binding protein-2 (FABP2) gene codes a protein responsible for the absorption of long-chain fatty acids. To test whether FABP2 is a candidate gene for renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes, a functional A54T polymorphism was genotyped in 1,042 Brazilians with type 2 diabetes. Patients were classified as having normoalbuminuria (urinary albumin excretion [UAE] <20 microg/min; n = 529), microalbuminuria (UAE 20-199 microg/min; n = 217), or proteinuria (UAE >199 microg/min; n = 160). Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (n = 136) were also included. The prevalence of the TT genotype was higher in patients with renal involvement compared with those with normoalbuminuria (odds ratio [95% CI] 2.4 [1.1-5.4]) following adjustment for type 2 diabetes duration, BMI, hypertension, A1C, and cholesterol levels. The risk was similar considering different stages of renal involvement. In a second independent patient sample (483 type 2 diabetic Caucasians residing in Massachusetts), a significant association was also observed between the TT genotype and proteinuria or ESRD (2.7 [1.0-7.3]; P = 0.048). This study thus provides evidence that FABP2 confers susceptibility to renal disease in type 2 diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis H Canani
- Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Takakura Y, Yoshioka K, Umekawa T, Kogure A, Toda H, Yoshikawa T, Yoshida T. Thr54 allele of the FABP2 gene affects resting metabolic rate and visceral obesity. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2005; 67:36-42. [PMID: 15620432 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2004.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2004] [Revised: 03/13/2004] [Accepted: 05/11/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the relationship between Ala54Thr variant allele of the fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) gene (Ala54Thr) and development of obesity in Japanese obese women. FABP2 genotypes were determined with a fluorescent allele-specific DNA primer assay system. Body weight, waist and hip circumference, amounts of visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissue measured by computed tomography (CT) were compared between subjects with Thr allele and without Thr allele before and after the diet and exercise therapy in 80 Japanese obese women. The frequency of the Thr54 allele did not differ between obese and control subjects (0.388 versus 0.329, respectively). In subjects with Ala/Thr and Thr/Thr genotype, adjusted resting metabolic rate (RMR) was significantly lower than the subjects with Ala/Ala genotype. Subjects with the Thr54 allele showed significantly greater waist circumference after diet and exercise therapy than subjects with Ala/Ala genotype. They also demonstrated greater body weight at 20 years of age compared to subjects with Ala/Ala genotype. In conclusion, Thr54 allele of FABP2 has associations with lower adjusted resting metabolic rate, resistance in reducing visceral white adipose tissue (WAT) and early onset of obesity in Japanese obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuto Takakura
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajiicho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamikyo-ku, Kyoto 602 8566, Japan.
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