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Cavagnero KJ, Li F, Dokoshi T, Nakatsuji T, O’Neill AM, Aguilera C, Liu E, Shia M, Osuoji O, Hata T, Gallo RL. CXCL12+ dermal fibroblasts promote neutrophil recruitment and host defense by recognition of IL-17. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20231425. [PMID: 38393304 PMCID: PMC10890925 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20231425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin provides an essential barrier for host defense through rapid action of multiple resident and recruited cell types, but the complex communication network governing these processes is incompletely understood. To define these cell-cell interactions more clearly, we performed an unbiased network analysis of mouse skin during invasive S. aureus infection and revealed a dominant role for CXCL12+ fibroblast subsets in neutrophil communication. These subsets predominantly reside in the reticular dermis, express adipocyte lineage markers, detect IL-17 and TNFα, and promote robust neutrophil recruitment through NFKBIZ-dependent release of CXCR2 ligands and CXCL12. Targeted deletion of Il17ra in mouse fibroblasts resulted in greatly reduced neutrophil recruitment and increased infection by S. aureus. Analogous human CXCL12+ fibroblast subsets abundantly express neutrophil chemotactic factors in psoriatic skin that are subsequently decreased upon therapeutic targeting of IL-17. These findings show that CXCL12+ dermal immune acting fibroblast subsets play a critical role in cutaneous neutrophil recruitment and host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellen J. Cavagnero
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego. La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Fengwu Li
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego. La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tatsuya Dokoshi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego. La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Teruaki Nakatsuji
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego. La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alan M. O’Neill
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego. La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Carlos Aguilera
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego. La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Edward Liu
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego. La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Shia
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego. La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Olive Osuoji
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego. La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tissa Hata
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego. La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Richard L. Gallo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego. La Jolla, CA, USA
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2
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Fiévet L, Espagnolle N, Gerovska D, Bernard D, Syrykh C, Laurent C, Layrolle P, De Lima J, Justo A, Reina N, Casteilla L, Araúzo-Bravo MJ, Naji A, Pagès JC, Deschaseaux F. Single-cell RNA sequencing of human non-hematopoietic bone marrow cells reveals a unique set of inter-species conserved biomarkers for native mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:229. [PMID: 37649081 PMCID: PMC10469496 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03437-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Native bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BM-MSCs) participate in generating and shaping the skeleton and BM throughout the lifespan. Moreover, BM-MSCs regulate hematopoiesis by contributing to the hematopoietic stem cell niche in providing critical cytokines, chemokines and extracellular matrix components. However, BM-MSCs contain a heterogeneous cell population that remains ill-defined. Although studies on the taxonomy of native BM-MSCs in mice have just started to emerge, the taxonomy of native human BM-MSCs remains unelucidated. METHODS By using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we aimed to define a proper taxonomy for native human BM non-hematopoietic subsets including endothelial cells (ECs) and mural cells (MCs) but with a focal point on MSCs. To this end, transcriptomic scRNA-seq data were generated from 5 distinct BM donors and were analyzed together with other transcriptomic data and with computational biology analyses at different levels to identify, characterize and classify distinct native cell subsets with relevant biomarkers. RESULTS We could ascribe novel specific biomarkers to ECs, MCs and MSCs. Unlike ECs and MCs, MSCs exhibited an adipogenic transcriptomic pattern while co-expressing genes related to hematopoiesis support and multilineage commitment potential. Furthermore, by a comparative analysis of scRNA-seq of BM cells from humans and mice, we identified core genes conserved in both species. Notably, we identified MARCKS, CXCL12, PDGFRA, and LEPR together with adipogenic factors as archetypal biomarkers of native MSCs within BM. In addition, our data suggest some complex gene nodes regulating critical biological functions of native BM-MSCs together with a preferential commitment toward an adipocyte lineage. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our taxonomy for native BM non-hematopoietic compartment provides an explicit depiction of gene expression in human ECs, MCs and MSCs at single-cell resolution. This analysis helps enhance our understanding of the phenotype and the complexity of biological functions of native human BM-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Fiévet
- RESTORE, Université de Toulouse, EFS Occitanie, INP-ENVT, Inserm U1301, UMR CNRS 5070, France, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- CHU de Toulouse, IFB, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Espagnolle
- RESTORE, Université de Toulouse, EFS Occitanie, INP-ENVT, Inserm U1301, UMR CNRS 5070, France, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Daniela Gerovska
- Group of Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014, San Sebastián, Spain
- Basque Foundation for Science, IKERBASQUE, 48009, Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | - David Bernard
- RESTORE, Université de Toulouse, EFS Occitanie, INP-ENVT, Inserm U1301, UMR CNRS 5070, France, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Charlotte Syrykh
- Department d'Anatomie Pathologique, Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Laurent
- Department d'Anatomie Pathologique, Institut Universitaire du Cancer, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Layrolle
- Tonic Inserm/UPS UMR 1214, CHU Purpan Hospital, Toulouse, France
- UMR 1238 Inserm, Phy-OS, Bone Sarcoma and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Julien De Lima
- UMR 1238 Inserm, Phy-OS, Bone Sarcoma and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues, School of Medicine, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Arthur Justo
- Department de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Pierre Paul Riquet, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Reina
- Department de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Pierre Paul Riquet, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Louis Casteilla
- RESTORE, Université de Toulouse, EFS Occitanie, INP-ENVT, Inserm U1301, UMR CNRS 5070, France, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Marcos J Araúzo-Bravo
- Group of Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014, San Sebastián, Spain
- Basque Foundation for Science, IKERBASQUE, 48009, Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | - Abderrahim Naji
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Cooperative Medicine Unit, Research and Education Faculty, Medicine Science Cluster, Nankoku, Kochi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Jean-Christophe Pagès
- RESTORE, Université de Toulouse, EFS Occitanie, INP-ENVT, Inserm U1301, UMR CNRS 5070, France, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- CHU de Toulouse, IFB, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Deschaseaux
- RESTORE, Université de Toulouse, EFS Occitanie, INP-ENVT, Inserm U1301, UMR CNRS 5070, France, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
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Ginebaugh SP, Hagner M, Ray A, Erzurum SC, Comhair SAA, Denlinger LC, Jarjour NN, Castro M, Woodruff PG, Christenson SA, Bleecker ER, Meyers DA, Hastie AT, Moore WC, Mauger DT, Israel E, Levy BD, Wenzel SE, Camiolo MJ. Bronchial epithelial cell transcriptional responses to inhaled corticosteroids dictate severe asthmatic outcomes. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:1513-1524. [PMID: 36796454 PMCID: PMC10257752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhaled corticosteroids (CSs) are the backbone of asthma treatment, improving quality of life, exacerbation rates, and mortality. Although effective for most, a subset of patients with asthma experience CS-resistant disease despite receiving high-dose medication. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the transcriptomic response of bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) to inhaled CSs. METHODS Independent component analysis was performed on datasets, detailing the transcriptional response of BECs to CS treatment. The expression of these CS-response components was examined in 2 patient cohorts and investigated in relation to clinical parameters. Supervised learning was used to predict BEC CS responses using peripheral blood gene expression. RESULTS We identified a signature of CS response that was closely correlated with CS use in patients with asthma. Participants could be separated on the basis of CS-response genes into groups with high and low signature expression. Patients with low expression of CS-response genes, particularly those with a severe asthma diagnosis, showed worse lung function and quality of life. These individuals demonstrated enrichment for T-lymphocyte infiltration in endobronchial brushings. Supervised machine learning identified a 7-gene signature from peripheral blood that reliably identified patients with poor CS-response expression in BECs. CONCLUSIONS Loss of CS transcriptional responses within bronchial epithelium was related to impaired lung function and poor quality of life, particularly in patients with severe asthma. These individuals were identified using minimally invasive blood sampling, suggesting these findings may enable earlier triage to alternative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P Ginebaugh
- Integrative Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | | | - Anuradha Ray
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | | | | | - Loren C Denlinger
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis
| | - Nizar N Jarjour
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis
| | - Mario Castro
- University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Mo
| | - Prescott G Woodruff
- University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, Calif
| | | | - Eugene R Bleecker
- Division for Genetics, Genomics and Personalized Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Ariz
| | - Deborah A Meyers
- Division for Genetics, Genomics and Personalized Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Ariz
| | | | - Wendy C Moore
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | | | - Elliot Israel
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine & Allergy & Immunology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Bruce D Levy
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine & Allergy & Immunology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Sally E Wenzel
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Environmental Medicine and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa
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4
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Sachse M, Tual-Chalot S, Ciliberti G, Amponsah-Offeh M, Stamatelopoulos K, Gatsiou A, Stellos K. RNA-binding proteins in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2023; 374:55-73. [PMID: 36759270 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the major cause of premature death and disability worldwide, even when patients with an established manifestation of atherosclerotic heart disease are optimally treated according to the clinical guidelines. Apart from the epigenetic control of transcription of the genetic information to messenger RNAs (mRNAs), gene expression is tightly controlled at the post-transcriptional level before the initiation of translation. Although mRNAs are traditionally perceived as the messenger molecules that bring genetic information from the nuclear DNA to the cytoplasmic ribosomes for protein synthesis, emerging evidence suggests that processes controlling RNA metabolism, driven by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), affect cellular function in health and disease. Over the recent years, vascular endothelial cell, smooth muscle cell and immune cell RBPs have emerged as key co- or post-transcriptional regulators of several genes related to vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. In this review, we provide an overview of cell-specific function of RNA-binding proteins involved in all stages of ASCVD and how this knowledge may be used for the development of novel precision medicine therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Sachse
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center, University Hospital Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon Tual-Chalot
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Giorgia Ciliberti
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, DZHK), Heidelberg/Mannheim Partner Site, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Amponsah-Offeh
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, DZHK), Heidelberg/Mannheim Partner Site, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kimon Stamatelopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Gatsiou
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Konstantinos Stellos
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, DZHK), Heidelberg/Mannheim Partner Site, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Manheim, Germany.
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5
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Activation of the MKK3-p38-MK2-ZFP36 Axis by Coronavirus Infection Restricts the Upregulation of AU-Rich Element-Containing Transcripts in Proinflammatory Responses. J Virol 2022; 96:e0208621. [PMID: 34985993 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02086-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus infections induce the expression of multiple proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. We have previously shown that in cells infected with gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and IL-8 were drastically upregulated, and the MAP kinase p38 and the integrated stress response pathways were implicated in this process. In this study, we report that coronavirus infection activates a negative regulatory loop that restricts the upregulation of a number of proinflammatory genes. As revealed by the initial transcriptomic and subsequent validation analyses, the anti-inflammatory adenine-uridine (AU)-rich element (ARE)-binding protein, zinc finger protein 36 (ZFP36), and its related family members were upregulated in cells infected with IBV and three other coronaviruses, alphacoronaviruses porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E), and betacoronavirus HCoV-OC43, respectively. Characterization of the functional roles of ZFP36 during IBV infection demonstrated that ZFP36 promoted the degradation of transcripts coding for IL-6, IL-8, dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and TNF-α-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3), through binding to AREs in these transcripts. Consistently, knockdown and inhibition of JNK and p38 kinase activities reduced the expression of ZFP36, as well as the expression of IL-6 and IL-8. On the contrary, overexpression of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (MKK3) and MAPKAP kinase-2 (MK2), the upstream and downstream kinases of p38, respectively, increased the expression of ZFP36 and decreased the expression of IL-8. Taken together, this study reveals an important regulatory role of the MKK3-p38-MK2-ZFP36 axis in coronavirus infection-induced proinflammatory response. IMPORTANCE Excessive and uncontrolled induction and release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, the so-called cytokine release syndrome (CRS), would cause life-threatening complications and multiple organ failure in severe coronavirus infections, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and COVID-19. This study reveals that coronavirus infection also induces the expression of ZFP36, an anti-inflammatory ARE-binding protein, promoting the degradation of ARE-containing transcripts coding for IL-6 and IL-8 as well as a number of other proteins related to inflammatory response. Furthermore, the p38 MAP kinase, its upstream kinase MKK3 and downstream kinase MK2 were shown to play a regulatory role in upregulation of ZFP36 during coronavirus infection cycles. This MKK3-p38-MK2-ZFP36 axis would constitute a potential therapeutic target for severe coronavirus infections.
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6
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Li Y, Yu C, Deng W. Roles and mechanisms of adipokines in drug resistance of tumor cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 899:174019. [PMID: 33722588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The drug resistance of cancer cells has become one of the biggest obstacles of effective anticancer treatments. Adipocytes produce plenty of cytokines (also known as adipokines), which remarkably affect the drug resistance exhibited by cancer cells. Different adipokines (leptin, visfatin, resistin, adiponectin, Interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor α) can induce drug resistance in different cancer cells by various functional mechanisms. This phenomenon is of great interest in pharmacological anti-cancer studies since it indicates that in the cancers with adipocyte-rich microenvironment, all adipokines join together to assist cancer cells to survive by facilitating drug resistance. Studies on adipokines contribute to the development of novel pharmacological strategies for cancer therapy if their roles and molecular targets are better understood. The review will elucidate the roles and the underlying mechanisms of adipokines in drug resistance, which may be of great significance for revealing new strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Diseases and Microenvironment of Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunyan Yu
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Diseases and Microenvironment of Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weimin Deng
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Diseases and Microenvironment of Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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7
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Smvk P, M N M, D M DY, Kondeti S, Kalashikam RR. Strain specific variation underlines the disparity in stress response of rats to calorie dense diets in the pathophysiology of obesity. Steroids 2020; 160:108653. [PMID: 32407856 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disorder, caused mainly due to lifestyle changes, and increased consumption of calorie dense diets is not just limited to developed countries anymore. Chronic physiological stress and oxidative stress are known to be implicated in the etiology of obesity. However, the role of stress response towards obesity manifestation in genetically different rat strains is poorly understood. In the current study we have used obesity susceptible & resistant rat models to understand the role of both glucocorticoid and oxidativestress in the pathophysiology of obesity. Upon challenge with calorie dense diets, WNIN showed an increased glucocorticoid stress, resulting in increased oxidative stress; whereas such a phenomenon was not noticed in F-344 and SD. However, there was an increase in the circulatory melatonin levels in calorie dense fed groups of both F-344 and SD animals, which might have contributed to reduced oxidative stress. The molecular switch in the activation of melatonin could be possibly attributed to the genetic differences among these strains. It will be interesting to explore other molecular mechanisms for melatonin regulation, albeit increased corticosterone is implicated in the enhanced production of melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad Smvk
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Muralidhar M N
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Dinesh Yadav D M
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Suresh Kondeti
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Rajender Rao Kalashikam
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India.
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8
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Prostaglandin E 2, but not cAMP nor β 2-agonists, induce tristetraprolin (TTP) in human airway smooth muscle cells. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:369-377. [PMID: 30852628 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01224-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP) is an anti-inflammatory molecule known to post-transcriptionally regulate cytokine production and is, therefore, an attractive drug target for chronic respiratory diseases driven by inflammation, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Our recent in vitro studies in primary human airway smooth (ASM) cells have confirmed the essential anti-inflammatory role played by TTP as a critical partner in a cytokine regulatory network. However, several unanswered questions remain. While prior in vitro studies have suggested that TTP is regulated in a cAMP-mediated manner, raising the possibility that this may be one of the ways in which β2-agonists achieve beneficial effects beyond bronchodilation, the impact of β2-agonists on ASM cells is unknown. Furthermore, the effect of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on TTP expression in ASM cells has not been reported. We address this herein and reveal, for the first time, that TTP is not regulated by cAMP-activating agents nor following treatment with long-acting β2-agonists. However, PGE2 does induce TTP mRNA expression and protein upregulation in ASM cells. Although the underlying mechanism of action remains undefined, we can confirm that PGE2-induced TTP upregulation is not mediated via cAMP, or EP2/EP4 receptor activation, and occurred in a manner independent of the p38 MAPK-mediated pathway. Taken together, these data confirm that β2-agonists do not upregulate TTP in human ASM cells and indicate that another way in which PGE2 may achieve beneficial effects in asthma and COPD may be via upregulation of the master controller of inflammation-TTP.
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9
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Prabhala P, Ammit AJ. Tristetraprolin and its role in regulation of airway inflammation. Mol Pharmacol 2014; 87:629-38. [PMID: 25429052 DOI: 10.1124/mol.114.095984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are clinically and socioeconomically important diseases globally. Currently the mainstay of anti-inflammatory therapy in respiratory diseases is corticosteroids. Although corticosteroids have proven clinical efficacy in asthma, many asthmatic inflammatory conditions (e.g., infection, exacerbation, and severe asthma) are not responsive to corticosteroids. Moreover, despite an understanding that COPD progression is driven by inflammation, we currently do not have effective anti-inflammatory strategies to combat this disease. Hence, alternative anti-inflammatory strategies are required. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) has emerged as an important signaling molecule driving airway inflammation, and pharmacological inhibitors against p38 MAPK may provide potential therapies for chronic respiratory disease. In this review, we discuss some of the recent in vitro and in vivo studies targeting p38 MAPK, but suggest that p38 MAPK inhibitors may prove less effective than originally considered because they may block anti-inflammatory molecules along with proinflammatory responses. We propose that an alternative strategy may be to target an anti-inflammatory molecule farther downstream of p38 MAPK, i.e., tristetraprolin (TTP). TTP is an mRNA-destabilizing, RNA-binding protein that enhances the decay of mRNAs, including those encoding proteins implicated in chronic respiratory diseases. We suggest that understanding the molecular mechanism of TTP expression and its temporal regulation will guide future development of novel anti-inflammatory pharmacotherapeutic approaches to combat respiratory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Prabhala
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alaina J Ammit
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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10
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Misaggi R, Di Sanzo M, Cosentino C, Bond HM, Scumaci D, Romeo F, Stellato C, Giurato G, Weisz A, Quaresima B, Barni T, Amato F, Viglietto G, Morrone G, Cuda G, Faniello MC, Costanzo F. Identification of H ferritin-dependent and independent genes in K562 differentiating cells by targeted gene silencing and expression profiling. Gene 2013; 535:327-35. [PMID: 24239552 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ferritin is best known as the key molecule in intracellular iron storage, and is involved in several metabolic processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation and neoplastic transformation. We have recently demonstrated that the shRNA silencing of the ferritin heavy subunit (FHC) in a melanoma cell line is accompanied by a consistent modification of gene expression pattern leading to a reduced potential in terms of proliferation, invasiveness, and adhesion ability of the silenced cells. In this study we sought to define the repertoire of genes whose expression might be affected by FHC during the hemin-induced differentiation of the erythromyeloid cell line K562. To this aim, gene expression profiling was performed in four different sets of cells: i) wild type K562; ii) sh-RNA FHC-silenced K562; iii) hemin-treated wild-type K562; and iv) hemin-treated FHC-silenced K562. Statistical analysis of the gene expression data, performed by two-factor ANOVA, identified three distinct classes of transcripts: a) Class 1, including 657 mRNAs whose expression is modified exclusively during hemin-induced differentiation of K562 cells, independently from the FHC relative amounts; b) Class 2, containing a set of 70 mRNAs which are consistently modified by hemin and FHC-silencing; and c) Class 3, including 128 transcripts modified by FHC-silencing but not by hemin. Our data indicate that FHC may function as a modulator of gene expression during erythroid differentiation and add new findings to the knowledge of the complex gene network modulated during erythroid differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Misaggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maddalena Di Sanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Carlo Cosentino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Heather M Bond
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenica Scumaci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Romeo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Claudia Stellato
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, via Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giorgio Giurato
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, via Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alessandro Weisz
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, via Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | - Barbara Quaresima
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Tullio Barni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Amato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viglietto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovanni Morrone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Faniello
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Smith JD, McManus KF, Fraser HB. A novel test for selection on cis-regulatory elements reveals positive and negative selection acting on mammalian transcriptional enhancers. Mol Biol Evol 2013; 30:2509-18. [PMID: 23904330 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/mst134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Measuring natural selection on genomic elements involved in the cis-regulation of gene expression--such as transcriptional enhancers and promoters--is critical for understanding the evolution of genomes, yet it remains a major challenge. Many studies have attempted to detect positive or negative selection in these noncoding elements by searching for those with the fastest or slowest rates of evolution, but this can be problematic. Here, we introduce a new approach to this issue, and demonstrate its utility on three mammalian transcriptional enhancers. Using results from saturation mutagenesis studies of these enhancers, we classified all possible point mutations as upregulating, downregulating, or silent, and determined which of these mutations have occurred on each branch of a phylogeny. Applying a framework analogous to Ka/Ks in protein-coding genes, we measured the strength of selection on upregulating and downregulating mutations, in specific branches as well as entire phylogenies. We discovered distinct modes of selection acting on different enhancers: although all three have experienced negative selection against downregulating mutations, the selection pressures on upregulating mutations vary. In one case, we detected positive selection for upregulation, whereas the other two had no detectable selection on upregulating mutations. Our methodology is applicable to the growing number of saturation mutagenesis data sets, and provides a detailed picture of the mode and strength of natural selection acting on cis-regulatory elements.
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Wang T, Jiang A, Guo Y, Tan Y, Tang G, Mai M, Liu H, Xiao J, Li M, Li X. Deep sequencing of the transcriptome reveals inflammatory features of porcine visceral adipose tissue. Int J Biol Sci 2013; 9:550-6. [PMID: 23781149 PMCID: PMC3683940 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.6257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional differences in the different types of adipose tissue and the impact of their dysfunction on metabolism are associated with the regional distribution of adipose depots. Here we show a genome-wide comparison between the transcriptomes of one source of subcutaneous and two sources of visceral adipose tissue in the pig using an RNA-seq approach. We obtained ~32.3 million unique mapped reads which covered ~80.2% of the current annotated transcripts across these three sources of adipose tissue. We identified various genes differentially expressed between subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue, which are potentially associated with the inflammatory features of visceral adipose tissue. These results are of benefit for understanding the phenotypic, metabolic and functional differences between different types of adipose tissue that are deposited in different body sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics & Breeding, College of Animal Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
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13
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Brooks SA, Blackshear PJ. Tristetraprolin (TTP): interactions with mRNA and proteins, and current thoughts on mechanisms of action. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2013; 1829:666-79. [PMID: 23428348 PMCID: PMC3752887 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Changes in mRNA stability and translation are critical control points in the regulation of gene expression, particularly genes encoding growth factors, inflammatory mediators, and proto-oncogenes. Adenosine and uridine (AU)-rich elements (ARE), often located in the 3' untranslated regions (3'UTR) of mRNAs, are known to target transcripts for rapid decay. They are also involved in the regulation of mRNA stability and translation in response to extracellular cues. This review focuses on one of the best characterized ARE binding proteins, tristetraprolin (TTP), the founding member of a small family of CCCH tandem zinc finger proteins. In this survey, we have reviewed the current status of TTP interactions with mRNA and proteins, and discussed current thinking about TTP's mechanism of action to promote mRNA decay. We also review the proposed regulation of TTP's functions by phosphorylation. Finally, we have discussed emerging evidence for TTP operating as a translational regulator. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: RNA Decay mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth A. Brooks
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, White River Junction, Vermont, USA
- Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Perry J. Blackshear
- The Laboratory of Signal Transduction, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina USA
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Zhang H, Taylor WR, Joseph G, Caracciolo V, Gonzales DM, Sidell N, Seli E, Blackshear PJ, Kallen CB. mRNA-binding protein ZFP36 is expressed in atherosclerotic lesions and reduces inflammation in aortic endothelial cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:1212-20. [PMID: 23559629 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.301496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We studied the expression and function of an mRNA-binding protein, zinc finger protein-36 (ZFP36), in vascular endothelial cells in vivo and in vitro. We tested the hypotheses that ZFP36 regulates inflammation in vascular endothelial cells and that it functions through direct binding to target cytokine mRNAs. We also tested whether ZFP36 inhibits nuclear factor-κB-mediated transcriptional responses in vascular endothelial cells. APPROACH AND RESULTS ZFP36 was minimally expressed in healthy aorta but was expressed in endothelial cells overlying atherosclerotic lesions in mice and humans. The protein was also expressed in macrophage foam cells of atherosclerosis. ZFP36 was expressed in human aortic endothelial cells in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide, glucocorticoid, and forskolin, but not oxidized low-density lipoproteins or angiotensin II. Functional studies demonstrated that ZFP36 reduces the expression of inflammatory cytokines in target cells by 2 distinct mechanisms: ZFP36 inhibits nuclear factor-κB transcriptional activation and also binds to cytokine mRNAs, leading to reduced transcript stability. CONCLUSIONS ZFP36 is expressed in vascular endothelial cells and macrophage foam cells where it inhibits the expression of proinflammatory mRNA transcripts. The anti-inflammatory effects of ZFP36 in endothelial cells occur via both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms. Our data suggest that enhancing vascular ZFP36 expression might reduce vascular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanchun Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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