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Ramalho S, Dopler A, Faller W. Ribosome specialization in cancer: a spotlight on ribosomal proteins. NAR Cancer 2024; 6:zcae029. [PMID: 38989007 PMCID: PMC11231584 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcae029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, our view of ribosomes has changed substantially. Rather than passive machines without significant variability, it is now acknowledged that they are heterogeneous, and have direct regulatory capacity. This 'ribosome heterogeneity' comes in many flavors, including in both the RNA and protein components of ribosomes, so there are many paths through which ribosome specialization could arise. It is easy to imagine that specialized ribosomes could have wide physiological roles, through the translation of specific mRNA populations, and there is now evidence for this in several contexts. Translation is highly dysregulated in cancer, needed to support oncogenic phenotypes and to overcome cellular stress. However, the role of ribosome specialization in this is not clear. In this review we focus on specialized ribosomes in cancer. Specifically, we assess the impact that post-translational modifications and differential ribosome incorporation of ribosomal proteins (RPs) have in this disease. We focus on studies that have shown a ribosome-mediated change in translation of specific mRNA populations, and hypothesize how such a process could be driving other phenotypes. We review the impact of RP-mediated heterogeneity in both intrinsic and extrinsic oncogenic processes, and consider how this knowledge could be leveraged to benefit patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Ramalho
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anna Dopler
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - William James Faller
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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2
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De la Cruz-López KG, Alvarado-Ortiz E, Valencia-González HA, Beltrán-Anaya FO, Zamora-Fuentes JM, Hidalgo-Miranda A, Ortiz-Sánchez E, Espinal-Enríquez J, García-Carrancá A. Metformin induces ZFP36 by mTORC1 inhibition in cervical cancer-derived cell lines. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:853. [PMID: 39026155 PMCID: PMC11256429 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12555-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metformin, a widely prescribed antidiabetic drug, has shown several promising effects for cancer treatment. These effects have been shown to be mediated by dual modulation of the AMPK-mTORC1 axis, where AMPK acts upstream of mTORC1 to decrease its activity. Nevertheless, alternative pathways have been recently discovered suggesting that metformin can act through of different targets regulation. METHODS We performed a transcriptome screening analysis using HeLa xenograft tumors generated in NOD-SCID mice treated with or without metformin to examine genes regulated by metformin. Western Blot analysis, Immunohistochemical staining, and RT-qPCR were used to confirm alterations in gene expression. The TNMplot and GEPIA2 platform were used for in silico analysis of genes found up-regulated by metformin, in cervical cancer patients. We performed an AMPK knock-down using AMPK-targeted siRNAs and mTOR inhibition with rapamycin to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of metformin in cervical cancer cell lines. RESULTS We shown that metformin decreases tumor growth and increased the expression of a group of antitumoral genes involved in DNA-binding transcription activator activity, hormonal response, and Dcp1-Dcp2 mRNA-decapping complex. We demonstrated that ZFP36 could act as a new molecular target increased by metformin. mTORC1 inhibition using rapamycin induces ZFP36 expression, which could suggest that metformin increases ZFP36 expression and requires mTORC1 inhibition for such effect. Surprisingly, in HeLa cells AMPK inhibition did not affect ZFP36 expression, suggesting that additional signal transducers related to suppressing mTORC1 activity, could be involved. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the importance of ZFP36 activation in response to metformin treatment involving mTORC1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Griselda De la Cruz-López
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Virus y Cáncer, Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México & Instituto Nacional de Cancerología., Av. San Fernando No. 22 Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Alvarado-Ortiz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Heriberto A Valencia-González
- Laboratorio de Células Troncales y Desarrollo Terapéutico Antineoplásico, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fredy Omar Beltrán-Anaya
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Gro, Mexico
| | - José María Zamora-Fuentes
- Laboratorio de Oncología Teórica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de La Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Hidalgo-Miranda
- Laboratorio de Genómica de Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Ortiz-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Células Troncales y Desarrollo Terapéutico Antineoplásico, Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jesús Espinal-Enríquez
- Laboratorio de Oncología Teórica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Ciencias de La Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro García-Carrancá
- Laboratorio de Virus y Cáncer, Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México & Instituto Nacional de Cancerología., Av. San Fernando No. 22 Colonia Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico.
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Bakshi A, Moin M, Gayatri MB, Reddy ABM, Datla R, Madhav MS, Kirti PB. Involvement of Target of Rapamycin (TOR) Signaling in the Regulation of Crosstalk between Ribosomal Protein Small Subunit 6 Kinase-1 (RPS6K-1) and Ribosomal Proteins. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:176. [PMID: 36616305 PMCID: PMC9824793 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The target of rapamycin (TOR) protein phosphorylates its downstream effector p70kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinases (S6K1) for ribosome biogenesis and translation initiation in eukaryotes. However, the molecular mechanism of TOR-S6K1-ribosomal protein (RP) signaling is not well understood in plants. In the present study, we report the transcriptional upregulation of ribosomal protein large and small subunit (RPL and RPS) genes in the previously established TOR overexpressing transgenic lines of rice (in Oryza sativa ssp. indica, variety BPT-5204, TR-2.24 and TR-15.1) and of Arabidopsis thaliana (in Col 0 ecotype, ATR-1.4.27 and ATR-3.7.32). The mRNA levels of RP genes from this study were compared with those previously available in transcriptomic datasets on the expression of RPs in relation to TOR inhibitor and in the TOR-RNAi lines of Arabidopsis thaliana. We further analyzed TOR activity, i.e., S6K1 phosphorylation in SALK lines of Arabidopsis with mutation in rpl6, rpl18, rpl23, rpl24 and rps28C, where the rpl18 mutant showed inactivation of S6K1 phosphorylation. We also predicted similar putative Ser/Thr phosphorylation sites for ribosomal S6 kinases (RSKs) in the RPs of Oryza sativa ssp. indica and Arabidopsis thaliana. The findings of this study indicate that the TOR pathway is possibly interlinked in a cyclic manner via the phosphorylation of S6K1 as a modulatory step for the regulation of RP function to switch 'on'/'off' the translational regulation for balanced plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achala Bakshi
- Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, Telangana, India
- Global Institute for Food Security, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Mazahar Moin
- Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, Telangana, India
- Agri Biotech Foundation, PJTS Agricultural University Campus, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, Telangana, India
| | - Meher B. Gayatri
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Aramati B. M. Reddy
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Raju Datla
- Global Institute for Food Security, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - Maganti S. Madhav
- Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, Telangana, India
- Central Tobacco Research Institute, Rajahmundry 533105, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Pulugurtha B. Kirti
- Agri Biotech Foundation, PJTS Agricultural University Campus, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, Telangana, India
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
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Bai Y, Li L, Dong B, Ma W, Chen H, Yu Y. Phosphorylation‐mediated PI3K‐Art
signalling pathway as a therapeutic mechanism in the
hydrogen‐induced
alleviation of brain injury in septic mice. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5713-5727. [DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology Tianjin China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Beibei Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology Tianjin China
| | - Wanjie Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology Tianjin China
| | - Hongguang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology Tianjin China
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology Tianjin China
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Cerri F, Gentile F, Clarelli F, Santoro S, Falzone YM, Dina G, Romano A, Domi T, Pozzi L, Fazio R, Podini P, Sorosina M, Carrera P, Esposito F, Riva N, Briani C, Cavallaro T, Filippi M, Quattrini A. Clinical and pathological findings in neurolymphomatosis: Preliminary association with gene expression profiles in sural nerves. Front Oncol 2022; 12:974751. [PMID: 36226068 PMCID: PMC9549065 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.974751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although inflammation appears to play a role in neurolymphomatosis (NL), the mechanisms leading to degeneration in the peripheral nervous system are poorly understood. The purpose of this exploratory study was to identify molecular pathways underlying NL pathogenesis, combining clinical and neuropathological investigation with gene expression (GE) studies. We characterized the clinical and pathological features of eight patients with NL. We further analysed GE changes in sural nerve biopsies obtained from a subgroup of NL patients (n=3) and thirteen patients with inflammatory neuropathies as neuropathic controls. Based on the neuropathic symptoms and signs, NL patients were classified into three forms of neuropathy: chronic symmetrical sensorimotor polyneuropathy (SMPN, n=3), multiple mononeuropathy (MN, n=4) and acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN, n=1). Predominantly diffuse malignant cells infiltration of epineurium was present in chronic SMPN, whereas endoneurial perivascular cells invasion was observed in MN. In contrast, diffuse endoneurium malignant cells localization occurred in AMSAN. We identified alterations in the expression of 1266 genes, with 115 up-regulated and 1151 down-regulated genes, which were mainly associated with ribosomal proteins (RP) and olfactory receptors (OR) signaling pathways, respectively. Among the top up-regulated genes were actin alpha 1 skeletal muscle (ACTA1) and desmin (DES). Similarly, in NL nerves ACTA1, DES and several RPs were highly expressed, associated with endothelial cells and pericytes abnormalities. Peripheral nerve involvement may be due to conversion towards a more aggressive phenotype, potentially explaining the poor prognosis. The candidate genes reported in this study may be a source of clinical biomarkers for NL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cerri
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Gentile
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurology IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Clarelli
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Santoro
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Yuri Matteo Falzone
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurology IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Dina
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Romano
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Teuta Domi
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Pozzi
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Fazio
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Podini
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Melissa Sorosina
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Carrera
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology and Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology and Cytogenetics, Unit of Genomics for Human Disease Diagnosis, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Esposito
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Neurological Disorders, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nilo Riva
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Nilo Riva, ; Angelo Quattrini,
| | - Chiara Briani
- Department of Neuroscience , University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Tiziana Cavallaro
- Department of Neurology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, University Hospital G.B. Rossi, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Quattrini
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Nilo Riva, ; Angelo Quattrini,
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Ribosomes and Ribosomal Proteins Promote Plasticity and Stemness Induction in Glioma Cells via Reprogramming. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142142. [PMID: 35883585 PMCID: PMC9323835 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a lethal tumor that develops in the adult brain. Despite advances in therapeutic strategies related to surgical resection and chemo-radiotherapy, the overall survival of patients with GBM remains unsatisfactory. Genetic research on mutation, amplification, and deletion in GBM cells is important for understanding the biological aggressiveness, diagnosis, and prognosis of GBM. However, the efficacy of drugs targeting the genetic abnormalities in GBM cells is limited. Investigating special microenvironments that induce chemo-radioresistance in GBM cells is critical to improving the survival and quality of life of patients with GBM. GBM cells acquire and maintain stem-cell-like characteristics via their intrinsic potential and extrinsic factors from their special microenvironments. The acquisition of stem-cell-like phenotypes and aggressiveness may be referred to as a reprogramming of GBM cells. In addition to protein synthesis, deregulation of ribosome biogenesis is linked to several diseases including cancer. Ribosomal proteins possess both tumor-promotive and -suppressive functions as extra-ribosomal functions. Incorporation of ribosomes and overexpression of ribosomal protein S6 reprogram and induce stem-cell-like phenotypes in GBM cells. Herein, we review recent literature and our published data on the acquisition of aggressiveness by GBM and discuss therapeutic options through reprogramming.
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7
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Temaj G, Saha S, Dragusha S, Ejupi V, Buttari B, Profumo E, Beqa L, Saso L. Ribosomopathies and cancer: pharmacological implications. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2022; 15:729-746. [PMID: 35787725 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2022.2098110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The ribosome is a ribonucleoprotein organelle responsible for protein synthesis, and its biogenesis is a highly coordinated process that involves many macromolecular components. Any acquired or inherited impairment in ribosome biogenesis or ribosomopathies is associated with the development of different cancers and rare genetic diseases. Interference with multiple steps of protein synthesis has been shown to promote tumor cell death. AREAS COVERED We discuss the current insights about impaired ribosome biogenesis and their secondary consequences on protein synthesis, transcriptional and translational responses, proteotoxic stress, and other metabolic pathways associated with cancer and rare diseases. Studies investigating the modulation of different therapeutic chemical entities targeting cancer in in vitro and in vivo models have also been detailed. EXPERT OPINION Despite the association between inherited mutations affecting ribosome biogenesis and cancer biology, the development of therapeutics targeting the essential cellular machinery has only started to emerge. New chemical entities should be designed to modulate different checkpoints (translating oncoproteins, dysregulation of specific ribosome-assembly machinery, ribosomal stress, and rewiring ribosomal functions). Although safe and effective therapies are lacking, consideration should also be given to using existing drugs alone or in combination for long-term safety, with known risks for feasibility in clinical trials and synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Valon Ejupi
- College UBT, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Lule Beqa
- College UBT, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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Pimkova K, Jassinskaja M, Munita R, Ciesla M, Guzzi N, Cao Thi Ngoc P, Vajrychova M, Johansson E, Bellodi C, Hansson J. Quantitative analysis of redox proteome reveals oxidation-sensitive protein thiols acting in fundamental processes of developmental hematopoiesis. Redox Biol 2022; 53:102343. [PMID: 35640380 PMCID: PMC9157258 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal and adult hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are characterized by distinct redox homeostasis that may influence their differential cellular behavior in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. In this work, we have applied a quantitative mass spectrometry-based redox proteomic approach to comprehensively describe reversible cysteine modifications in primary mouse fetal and adult HSPCs. We defined the redox state of 4,438 cysteines in fetal and adult HSPCs and demonstrated a higher susceptibility to oxidation of protein thiols in fetal HSPCs. Our data identified ontogenic changes to oxidation state of thiols in proteins with a pronounced role in metabolism and protein homeostasis. Additional redox proteomic analysis identified oxidation changes to thiols acting in mitochondrial respiration as well as protein homeostasis to be triggered during onset of MLL-ENL leukemogenesis in fetal HSPCs. Our data has demonstrated that redox signaling contributes to the regulation of fundamental processes of developmental hematopoiesis and has pinpointed potential targetable redox-sensitive proteins in in utero-initiated MLL-rearranged leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Pimkova
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; BIOCEV, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - M Jassinskaja
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - R Munita
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - M Ciesla
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - N Guzzi
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - P Cao Thi Ngoc
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - M Vajrychova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - E Johansson
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - C Bellodi
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - J Hansson
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Division of Molecular Hematology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Hide T, Shibahara I, Inukai M, Shigeeda R, Shirakawa Y, Jono H, Shinojima N, Mukasa A, Kumabe T. Ribosomal proteins induce stem cell-like characteristics in glioma cells as an "extra-ribosomal function". Brain Tumor Pathol 2022; 39:51-56. [PMID: 35508789 DOI: 10.1007/s10014-022-00434-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The characteristic features of plasticity and heterogeneity in glioblastoma (GB) cells cause therapeutic difficulties. GB cells are exposed to various stimuli from the tumor microenvironment and acquire the potential to resist chemoradiotherapy. To investigate how GB cells acquire stem cell-like phenotypes, we focused on ribosomal proteins, because ribosome incorporation has been reported to induce stem cell-like phenotypes in somatic cells. Furthermore, dysregulation of ribosome biogenesis has been reported in several types of cancer. We focused on ribosomal protein S6, which promotes sphere-forming ability and stem cell marker expression in GB cells. We expect that investigation of dysregulation of ribosome biogenesis and extra-ribosomal function in GB will provide new insights about the plasticity, heterogeneity, and therapeutic resistance of GB cells, which can potentially lead to revolutionary therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuichiro Hide
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.
| | - Ichiyo Shibahara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Madoka Inukai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Ryota Shigeeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yuki Shirakawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Jono
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Naoki Shinojima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 850-8556, Japan
| | - Akitake Mukasa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 850-8556, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kumabe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
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10
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Yi YW, You KS, Park JS, Lee SG, Seong YS. Ribosomal Protein S6: A Potential Therapeutic Target against Cancer? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010048. [PMID: 35008473 PMCID: PMC8744729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6) is a component of the 40S small ribosomal subunit and participates in the control of mRNA translation. Additionally, phospho (p)-RPS6 has been recognized as a surrogate marker for the activated PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 pathway, which occurs in many cancer types. However, downstream mechanisms regulated by RPS6 or p-RPS remains elusive, and the therapeutic implication of RPS6 is underappreciated despite an approximately half a century history of research on this protein. In addition, substantial evidence from RPS6 knockdown experiments suggests the potential role of RPS6 in maintaining cancer cell proliferation. This motivates us to investigate the current knowledge of RPS6 functions in cancer. In this review article, we reviewed the current information about the transcriptional regulation, upstream regulators, and extra-ribosomal roles of RPS6, with a focus on its involvement in cancer. We also discussed the therapeutic potential of RPS6 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Weon Yi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (Y.W.Y.); (K.S.Y.); (J.-S.P.)
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
| | - Kyu Sic You
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (Y.W.Y.); (K.S.Y.); (J.-S.P.)
- Graduate School of Convergence Medical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
| | - Jeong-Soo Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (Y.W.Y.); (K.S.Y.); (J.-S.P.)
| | - Seok-Geun Lee
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-G.L.); (Y.-S.S.); Tel.: +82-2-961-2355 (S.-G.L.); +82-41-550-3875 (Y.-S.S.); Fax: +82-2-961-9623 (S.-G.L.)
| | - Yeon-Sun Seong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea; (Y.W.Y.); (K.S.Y.); (J.-S.P.)
- Graduate School of Convergence Medical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-G.L.); (Y.-S.S.); Tel.: +82-2-961-2355 (S.-G.L.); +82-41-550-3875 (Y.-S.S.); Fax: +82-2-961-9623 (S.-G.L.)
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11
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Della-Flora Nunes G, Wilson ER, Hurley E, He B, O'Malley BW, Poitelon Y, Wrabetz L, Feltri ML. Activation of mTORC1 and c-Jun by Prohibitin1 loss in Schwann cells may link mitochondrial dysfunction to demyelination. eLife 2021; 10:e66278. [PMID: 34519641 PMCID: PMC8478418 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwann cell (SC) mitochondria are quickly emerging as an important regulator of myelin maintenance in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). However, the mechanisms underlying demyelination in the context of mitochondrial dysfunction in the PNS are incompletely understood. We recently showed that conditional ablation of the mitochondrial protein Prohibitin 1 (PHB1) in SCs causes a severe and fast progressing demyelinating peripheral neuropathy in mice, but the mechanism that causes failure of myelin maintenance remained unknown. Here, we report that mTORC1 and c-Jun are continuously activated in the absence of Phb1, likely as part of the SC response to mitochondrial damage. Moreover, we demonstrate that these pathways are involved in the demyelination process, and that inhibition of mTORC1 using rapamycin partially rescues the demyelinating pathology. Therefore, we propose that mTORC1 and c-Jun may play a critical role as executioners of demyelination in the context of perturbations to SC mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Della-Flora Nunes
- Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, University at BuffaloBuffaloUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry, University at BuffaloBuffaloUnited States
| | - Emma R Wilson
- Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, University at BuffaloBuffaloUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry, University at BuffaloBuffaloUnited States
| | - Edward Hurley
- Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, University at BuffaloBuffaloUnited States
| | - Bin He
- Immunobiology & Transplant Science Center and Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist HospitalHoustonUnited States
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- Department of Medicine and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of MedicineHoustonUnited States
| | - Yannick Poitelon
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical CollegeAlbanyUnited States
| | - Lawrence Wrabetz
- Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, University at BuffaloBuffaloUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry, University at BuffaloBuffaloUnited States
- Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at BuffaloBuffaloUnited States
| | - M Laura Feltri
- Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, University at BuffaloBuffaloUnited States
- Department of Biochemistry, University at BuffaloBuffaloUnited States
- Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at BuffaloBuffaloUnited States
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12
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Duś-Szachniewicz K, Gdesz-Birula K, Zduniak K, Wiśniewski JR. Proteomic-Based Analysis of Hypoxia- and Physioxia-Responsive Proteins and Pathways in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082025. [PMID: 34440794 PMCID: PMC8392495 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature in most tumors, including hematological malignancies. There is a lack of studies on hypoxia- and physioxia-induced global proteome changes in lymphoma. Here, we sought to explore how the proteome of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) changes when cells are exposed to acute hypoxic stress (1% of O2) and physioxia (5% of O2) for a long-time. A total of 8239 proteins were identified by LC–MS/MS, of which 718, 513, and 486 had significant changes, in abundance, in the Ri-1, U2904, and U2932 cell lines, respectively. We observed that changes in B-NHL proteome profiles induced by hypoxia and physioxia were quantitatively similar in each cell line; however, differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were specific to a certain cell line. A significant downregulation of several ribosome proteins indicated a translational inhibition of new ribosome protein synthesis in hypoxia, what was confirmed in a pathway enrichment analysis. In addition, downregulated proteins highlighted the altered cell cycle, metabolism, and interferon signaling. As expected, the enrichment of upregulated proteins revealed terms related to metabolism, HIF1 signaling, and response to oxidative stress. In accordance to our results, physioxia induced weaker changes in the protein abundance when compared to those induced by hypoxia. Our data provide new evidence for understanding mechanisms by which DLBCL cells respond to a variable oxygen level. Furthermore, this study reveals multiple hypoxia-responsive proteins showing an altered abundance in hypoxic and physioxic DLBCL. It remains to be investigated whether changes in the proteomes of DLBCL under normoxia and physioxia have functional consequences on lymphoma development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Duś-Szachniewicz
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (K.G.-B.); (K.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarzyna Gdesz-Birula
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (K.G.-B.); (K.Z.)
| | - Krzysztof Zduniak
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Institute of General and Experimental Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Marcinkowskiego 1, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland; (K.G.-B.); (K.Z.)
| | - Jacek R. Wiśniewski
- Biochemical Proteomics Group, Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany;
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13
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Recent Advances in the Application of Metal–Organic Frameworks for Polymerization and Oligomerization Reactions. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10121441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymers have become one of the major types of materials that are essential in our daily life. The controlled synthesis of value-added polymers with unique mechanical and chemical properties have attracted broad research interest. Metal–organic framework (MOF) is a class of porous material with immense structural diversity which offers unique advantages for catalyzing polymerization and oligomerization reactions including the uniformity of the catalytic active site, and the templating effect of the nano-sized channels. We summarized in this review the important recent progress in the field of MOF-catalyzed and MOF-templated polymerizations, to reveal the chemical principle and structural aspects of these systems and hope to inspire the future design of novel polymerization systems with improved activity and specificity.
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14
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Clapper E, Di Trapani G, Tonissen KF. The regulation of bcr-abl in hypoxia is through the mTOR pathway. Leuk Lymphoma 2020; 62:967-978. [PMID: 33251904 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1849679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is usually characterized by the formation of the fusion onco-protein bcr-abl. Therefore, the majority of CML treatments are bcr-abl specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). TKI resistance in CML treatment is becoming a major obstacle in managing this disease. One well-studied form of drug resistance is hypoxia-induced drug resistance, a phenomenon observed in many other cancers. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of TKIs in CML cells cultured in hypoxia. It was observed that bcr-abl translation was severely halted in hypoxia, rendering TKIs ineffective. We found that the mechanism by which bcr-abl protein levels were being suppressed in hypoxia was through the mTOR pathway, specifically via ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6). This information is vital to the improvement of CML treatments, as it can be used to determine how to best combat hypoxia-induced drug resistance in CML and subsequently to identify new targets for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Clapper
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia.,Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia
| | | | - Kathryn F Tonissen
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia.,Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia
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15
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Rahman N, Shamsuzzaman M, Lindahl L. Interaction between the assembly of the ribosomal subunits: Disruption of 40S ribosomal assembly causes accumulation of extra-ribosomal 60S ribosomal protein uL18/L5. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0222479. [PMID: 31986150 PMCID: PMC6984702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of the synthesis of an essential ribosomal protein (r-protein) abrogates the assembly of its cognate subunit, while assembly of the other subunit continues. Ribosomal components that are not stably incorporated into ribosomal particles due to the disrupted assembly are rapidly degraded. The 60S protein uL18/L5 is an exception and this protein accumulates extra-ribosomally during inhibition of 60S assembly. Since the r-proteins in each ribosomal subunit are essential only for the formation of their cognate subunit, it would be predicted that accumulation of extra-ribosomal uL18/L5 is specific to restriction of 60S assembly and does not occur abolition of 40S assembly. Contrary to this prediction, we report here that repression of 40S r-protein genes does lead to accumulation of uL18/L5 outside of the ribosome. Furthermore, the effect varies depending on which 40S ribosomal protein is repressed. Our results also show extra-ribosomal uL18/L5 is formed during 60S assembly, not during degradation of mature cytoplasmic 60S subunits. Finally, we propose a model for the accumulation of extra-ribosomal uL18 in response to the abolition of 40S r-proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Rahman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Md Shamsuzzaman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lasse Lindahl
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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16
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Pelorosso C, Watrin F, Conti V, Buhler E, Gelot A, Yang X, Mei D, McEvoy-Venneri J, Manent JB, Cetica V, Ball LL, Buccoliero AM, Vinck A, Barba C, Gleeson JG, Guerrini R, Represa A. Somatic double-hit in MTOR and RPS6 in hemimegalencephaly with intractable epilepsy. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:3755-3765. [PMID: 31411685 PMCID: PMC6935386 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Single germline or somatic activating mutations of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway genes are emerging as a major cause of type II focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), hemimegalencephaly (HME) and tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). A double-hit mechanism, based on a primary germline mutation in one allele and a secondary somatic hit affecting the other allele of the same gene in a small number of cells, has been documented in some patients with TSC or FCD. In a patient with HME, severe intellectual disability, intractable seizures and hypochromic skin patches, we identified the ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6) p.R232H variant, present as somatic mosaicism at ~15.1% in dysplastic brain tissue and ~11% in blood, and the MTOR p.S2215F variant, detected as ~8.8% mosaicism in brain tissue, but not in blood. Overexpressing the two variants independently in animal models, we demonstrated that MTOR p.S2215F caused neuronal migration delay and cytomegaly, while RPS6 p.R232H prompted increased cell proliferation. Double mutants exhibited a more severe phenotype, with increased proliferation and migration defects at embryonic stage and, at postnatal stage, cytomegalic cells exhibiting eccentric nuclei and binucleation, which are typical features of balloon cells. These findings suggest a synergistic effect of the two variants. This study indicates that, in addition to single activating mutations and double-hit inactivating mutations in mTOR pathway genes, severe forms of cortical dysplasia can also result from activating mutations affecting different genes in this pathway. RPS6 is a potential novel disease-related gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Pelorosso
- Paediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Françoise Watrin
- INMED, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM UMR1249, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Valerio Conti
- Paediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Emmanuelle Buhler
- INMED, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM UMR1249, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Antoinette Gelot
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Trousseau, Hôpitaux Universitaires de l'Est Parisien, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 75012, France
| | - Xiaoxu Yang
- Department of Neuroscience, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rady Children’s Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Davide Mei
- Paediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Jennifer McEvoy-Venneri
- Department of Neuroscience, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rady Children’s Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Valentina Cetica
- Paediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Laurel L Ball
- Department of Neuroscience, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rady Children’s Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Anna Maria Buccoliero
- Pathology Unit, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Antonin Vinck
- INMED, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM UMR1249, Marseille 13009, France
| | - Carmen Barba
- Paediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Department of Neuroscience, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rady Children’s Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- Paediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Alfonso Represa
- INMED, Aix-Marseille University, INSERM UMR1249, Marseille 13009, France
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17
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Lu T, Zhu Z, Wu J, She H, Han R, Xu H, Qin ZH. DRAM1 regulates autophagy and cell proliferation via inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt-mTOR-ribosomal protein S6 pathway. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:28. [PMID: 30902093 PMCID: PMC6431019 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0341-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy) is a tightly regulated process that delivers cellular components to lysosomes for degradation. Damage-regulated autophagy modulator 1 (DRAM1) induces autophagy and is necessary for p53-mediated apoptosis. However, the signalling pathways regulated by DRAM1 are not fully understood. METHODS HEK293T cells were transfected with FLAG-DRAM1 plasmid. Autophagic proteins (LC3 and p62), phosphorylated p53 and the phosphorylated proteins of the class I PI3K-Akt-mTOR-ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6) signalling pathway were detected with Western blot analysis. Cellular distribution of DRAM1 was determined with immunostaining. DRAM1 was knocked down in HEK293T cells using siRNA oligos which is confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. Cells were serum starved for 18 h after overexpression or knockdown of DRAM1 to decrease the rpS6 activity to the basal level, and then the cells were stimulated with insulin growth factor, epidermal growth factor or serum. rpS6 phosphorylation and rpS6 were detected with Western blotting. Similarly, after overexpression or knockdown of DRAM1, phosphorylation of IGF-1Rβ and IGF-1R were examined with Western blotting. Cell viability was determined with CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay. Finally, human cancer cells Hela, SW480, and HCT116 were transfected with the FLAG-DRAM1 plasmid and phosphorylated rpS6 and rpS6 were detected with Western blot analysis. RESULTS DRAM1 induced autophagy and inhibited rpS6 phosphorylation in an mTORC1-dependent manner in HEK293T cells. DRAM1 didn't affect the phosphorylated and total levels of p53. Furthermore, DRAM1 inhibited the activation of the PI3K-Akt pathway stimulated with growth factors or serum. DRAM1 was localized at the plasma membrane and regulate the phosphorylation of IGF-1 receptor. DRAM1 decreased cell viability and colony numbers upon serum starvation. Additionally, DRAM1 inhibited rpS6 phosphorylation in several human cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Here we provided evidence that DRAM1 inhibited rpS6 phosphorylation in multiple cell types. DRAM1 inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt and the activation of Akt-rpS6 pathway stimulated with growth factors and serum. Furthermore, DRAM1 regulated the activation of IGF-1 receptor. Thus, our results identify that the class I PI3K-Akt-rpS6 pathway is regulated by DRAM1 and may provide new insight into the potential role of DRAM1 in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Junchao Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hua She
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rong Han
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Haidong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Zheng-Hong Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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18
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Shen A, Chen Y, Liu L, Huang Y, Chen H, Qi F, Lin J, Shen Z, Wu X, Wu M, Li Q, Qiu L, Yu N, Sferra TJ, Peng J. EBF1-Mediated Upregulation of Ribosome Assembly Factor PNO1 Contributes to Cancer Progression by Negatively Regulating the p53 Signaling Pathway. Cancer Res 2019; 79:2257-2270. [PMID: 30862720 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein PNO1 is critical for ribosome biogenesis, but its potential role in cancer remains unknown. In this study, online data mining, cDNA, and tissue microarrays indicated that PNO1 expression was higher in colorectal cancer tissue than in noncancerous tissue, and its overexpression was associated with worse patient survival. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies demonstrated that PNO1 knockdown suppressed growth of colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, while PNO1 overexpression promoted colorectal cancer cell proliferation in vitro. In colorectal cancer cells expressing wild-type p53, PNO1 knockdown enhanced expression of p53 and its downstream gene p21, and reduced cell viability; these effects were prevented by p53 knockout and attenuated by the p53 inhibitor PFT-α. Moreover, PNO1 knockdown in HCT116 cells decreased levels of 18S rRNA, of 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits, and of the 80S ribosome. It also reduced global protein synthesis, increasing nuclear stress and inhibiting MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and p53 degradation. Overexpressing EBF1 suppressed PNO1 promoter activity and decreased PNO1 mRNA and protein, inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis through the p53/p21 pathway. In colorectal cancer tissues, the expression of EBF1 correlated inversely with PNO1. Data mining of online breast and lung cancer databases showed increased PNO1 expression and association with poor patient survival; PNO1 knockdown reduced cell viability of cultured breast and lung cancer cells. Taken together, these findings indicate that PNO1 is overexpressed in colorectal cancer and correlates with poor patient survival, and that PNO1 exerts oncogenic effects, at least, in part, by altering ribosome biogenesis. SIGNIFICANCE: This study identifies the ribosome assembly factor PNO1 as a potential oncogene involved in tumor growth and progression of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aling Shen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - Youqin Chen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Liya Liu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Yue Huang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - Fei Qi
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - Jiumao Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - Zhiqing Shen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - Xiangyan Wu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - Meizhu Wu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - Qiongyu Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - Liman Qiu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - Na Yu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
| | - Thomas J Sferra
- Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. .,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, China
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19
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Translation of Human β-Actin mRNA is Regulated by mTOR Pathway. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10020096. [PMID: 30700035 PMCID: PMC6410274 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase is a well-known master regulator of growth-dependent gene expression in higher eukaryotes. Translation regulation is an important function of the mTORC1 pathway that controls the synthesis of many ribosomal proteins and translation factors. Housekeeping genes such as β-actin (ACTB) are widely used as negative control genes in studies of growth-dependent translation. Here we demonstrate that translation of both endogenous and reporter ACTB mRNA is inhibited in the presence of mTOR kinase inhibitor (Torin1) and under amino acid starvation. Notably, 5’UTR and promoter of ACTB are sufficient for the mTOR-dependent translational response, and the degree of mTOR-sensitivity of ACTB mRNA translation is cell type-dependent.
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20
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Dousti F, Shahrisa A, Ansari H, Hajjari M, Tahmasebi Birgani Y, Mohammadiasl J, Tahmasebi Birgani M. Long non-coding RNAs expression levels in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: An in silico analysis. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:1462-1466. [PMID: 30104077 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are lengthy noncoding transcripts with pivotal roles in biological pathways including cell cycle, apoptosis and chromatin remodeling. Aberrant expression of lncRNAs has been strongly connected with tumor progression and metastasis. However, the prognostic significance of lncRNAs in diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains unclear. In this study, the expression levels of 189 approved lncRNAs were considered in DLBCL patients using several different genomic and transcriptome datasets. The analyses showed that the lncRNA GAS5 allocated the maximum score of RNA dysregulation and can be considered as good choice in DLBCLs' researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Dousti
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Arman Shahrisa
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biosciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Ansari
- Departments of Biotechnology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mohammadreza Hajjari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Yaser Tahmasebi Birgani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Javad Mohammadiasl
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Tahmasebi Birgani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
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21
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Bram Ednersson S, Stenson M, Stern M, Enblad G, Fagman H, Nilsson-Ehle H, Hasselblom S, Andersson PO. Expression of ribosomal and actin network proteins and immunochemotherapy resistance in diffuse large B cell lymphoma patients. Br J Haematol 2018; 181:770-781. [PMID: 29767447 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients with early relapse or refractory disease have a very poor outcome. Immunochemotherapy resistance will probably, also in the era of targeted drugs, remain the major cause of treatment failure. We used proteomic mass spectrometry to analyse the global protein expression of micro-dissected formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour tissues from 97 DLBCL patients: 44 with primary refractory disease or relapse within 1 year from diagnosis (REF/REL), and 53 who were progression-free more than 5 years after diagnosis (CURED). We identified 2127 proteins: 442 were found in all patients and 102 were differentially expressed. Sixty-five proteins were overexpressed in REF/REL patients, of which 46 were ribosomal proteins (RPs) compared with 2 of the 37 overexpressed proteins in CURED patients (P = 7·6 × 10-10 ). Twenty of 37 overexpressed proteins in CURED patients were associated with actin regulation, compared with 1 of 65 in REF/REL patients (P = 1·4 × 10-9 ). Immunohistochemical staining showed higher expression of RPS5 and RPL17 in REF/REL patients while MARCKS-like protein, belonging to the actin network, was more highly expressed in CURED patients. Even though functional studies aimed at individual proteins and protein interactions to evaluate potential clinical effect are needed, our findings suggest new mechanisms behind immunochemotherapy resistance in DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Bram Ednersson
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin Stenson
- Section of Haematology, Department of Medicine, Kungälvs Hospital, Kungälv, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mimmie Stern
- Section of Haematology, Department of Medicine, South Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Enblad
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology/Experimental and Clinical Oncology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Herman Nilsson-Ehle
- Section of Haematology and Coagulation, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sverker Hasselblom
- Department of Research, Development and Education, Region Halland, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Per-Ola Andersson
- Section of Haematology, Department of Medicine, South Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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22
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Julius A, Desai A, Yung RL. Recombinant human erythropoietin stimulates melanoma tumor growth through activation of initiation factor eIF4E. Oncotarget 2018; 8:30317-30327. [PMID: 28415825 PMCID: PMC5444745 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) is standard treatment for anemia in cancer patients. Recent clinical trials suggest that EPO may accelerate tumor progression and increase mortality. However, the evidence supporting a growth-promoting effect of EPO has remained controversial. Employing an in vivo model of B16 murine melanoma, we observed that administration of EPO to tumor bearing C57BL/6 mice resulted in pronounced acceleration of melanoma growth. Our in vitro studies demonstrate that B16 murine melanoma cells express EPOR, both at the protein and mRNA levels. Interestingly, expression of EPOR was retained in the established tumors. EPO stimulation of B16 cells enhanced proliferation and protein synthesis rates, and correlated with activation of the receptor associated Janus kinase 2 (Jak2) as well as phosphorylation of extracellular signal–regulated kinase (Erk) 1/2 and Akt kinases. Treatment with EPO and Jak-2 antagonists significantly inhibited EPO-mediated B16 cell proliferation. Moreover, EPO dose-dependently induced the phosphorylation and activation of the translation initiation factor eIF4E as well as the phosphorylation of its repressor, the eIF4E binding protein 4E-BP1. Finally, using eIF4E small interfering RNA (siRNA), we observed that EPO-mediated stimulation of B16 cell proliferation is eIF4E-dependent. Our results indicate that EPO exerts a powerful stimulatory effect on cell proliferation and de novo protein synthesis in melanoma cells through activation of the initiation factor eIF4E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle Julius
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Anjali Desai
- Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Raymond L Yung
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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23
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Xie X, Guo P, Yu H, Wang Y, Chen G. Ribosomal proteins: insight into molecular roles and functions in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2017; 37:277-285. [PMID: 28945227 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ribosomes, which are important sites for the synthesis of proteins related to expression and transmission of genetic information in humans, have a complex structure and diverse functions. They consist of a variety of ribosomal proteins (RPs), ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and small nucleolar RNAs. Owing to the involvement of ribosomes in many important biological processes of cells, their major components, rRNAs and RPs, have an important role in human diseases, including the initiation and evolvement of malignancies. However, the main mechanisms underlying the involvement of ribosomes in cancer remain unclear. This review describes the crucial role of ribosomes in various common malignant tumors; in particular, it examines the effects of RPs, including S6, the receptor for activated C-kinase and RPS15A, on the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - P Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - H Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Y Wang
- Research Center of Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - G Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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24
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Abstract
Efficient viral gene expression is threatened by cellular stress response programmes that rapidly reprioritize the translation machinery in response to varied environmental assaults, including virus infection. This results in inhibition of bulk synthesis of housekeeping proteins and causes the aggregation of messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes into cytoplasmic foci that are known as stress granules, which can entrap viral mRNAs. There is accumulating evidence for the antiviral nature of stress granules, which is supported by the discovery of many viral factors that interfere with stress granule formation and/or function. This Review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of the role of translation inhibition and stress granules in antiviral immune responses.
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25
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Highly expressed ribosomal protein L34 indicates poor prognosis in osteosarcoma and its knockdown suppresses osteosarcoma proliferation probably through translational control. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37690. [PMID: 27883047 PMCID: PMC5121591 DOI: 10.1038/srep37690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma has devastating health implications on children and adolescents. However, due to its low incidence and high tumor heterogeneity, it is hard to achieve any further improvements in therapy and overall survival. Ribosomal protein L34 (RPL34) has been increasingly recognized to promote the proliferation of malignant cells, but its role in osteosarcoma has not been investigated. In this study, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry revealed that RPL34 was highly expressed in osteosarcoma tissues when compared to adjacent tissues and normal bone tissues. Survival analysis showed that high expression of RPL34 predicted a poor prognosis for osteosarcoma patients. Knockdown of RPL34 in Saos-2 cells via lentivirus-mediated small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest. Moreover, screening of transcription factors using University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) Genome Browser, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis revealed that MYC participates in the transcriptional regulation of RPL34, which interacts with the subunits of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3) and probably involves the translational control of growth-promoting proteins. Our findings suggest that RPL34 plays an important role in the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells.
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26
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Chen J, Wei Y, Feng Q, Ren L, He G, Chang W, Zhu D, Yi T, Lin Q, Tang W, Xu J, Qin X. Ribosomal protein S15A promotes malignant transformation and predicts poor outcome in colorectal cancer through misregulation of p53 signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:1628-38. [PMID: 26847263 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal protein S15A (RPS15A), which has been identified as a highly conserved 40S ribosomal protein, is essential for cell survival and proliferation. The present study evaluated the functional role of RPS15A in colorectal cancer (CRC), and our investigation found that RPS15A was highly expressed in a cohort of human CRC. High RPS15A expression was associated with older age (P=0.035), not receiving preoperative neoadjuvant treatment (P=0.048), higher primary pN stage (P=0.007) and slightly more synchronous distant metastases (P=0.058). The Cox univariate and multivariate hazard regression analysis revealed that higher expression of RPS15A led to a reduction of overall survival rate in CRC, indicating that enhanced RPS15A expression functions as an independent risk factor for the prognosis of CRC patients (P<0.001). Cell based analysis showed that RPS15A was widely expressed in human CRC cell lines. Knockdown of RPS15A significantly suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation in HCT116 and DLD-1 cells, and induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. Genechip analysis suggested that knockdown of RPS15A might affect the p53 signaling pathway. Further study indicated that RPS15A knockdown upregulated p53 and p21 expression whereas downregulated CDK1 expression. In summary, the present study identified RPS15A as a novel univariate prognostic factor predicting a poor outcome in CRC patients. The RPS15A overexpression induced by malignant transformation of CRC might function through the p53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ye Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Qingyang Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Li Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Guodong He
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Wenju Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Dexiang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Tuo Yi
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Qi Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jianmin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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27
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Huber R, Panterodt T, Welz B, Christmann M, Friesenhagen J, Westphal A, Pietsch D, Brand K. C/EBPβ-LAP*/LAP Expression Is Mediated by RSK/eIF4B-Dependent Signalling and Boosted by Increased Protein Stability in Models of Monocytic Differentiation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144338. [PMID: 26646662 PMCID: PMC4672875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor C/EBPβ plays a key role in monocytic differentiation and inflammation. Its small isoform LIP is associated with proliferation at early premonocytic developmental stages and regulated via mTOR-dependent signalling. During later stages of (pre)monocytic differentiation there is a considerable increase in the large C/EBPβ isoforms LAP*/LAP which inhibit proliferation thus supporting terminal differentiation. Here, we showed in different models of monocytic differentiation that this dramatic increase in the LAP*/LAP protein and LAP/LIP ratio was accompanied by an only modest/retarded mRNA increase suggesting an important role for (post)translational mechanisms. We found that LAP*/LAP formation was induced via MEK/RSK-dependent cascades, whereas mTOR/S6K1 were not involved. Remarkably, LAP*/LAP expression was dependent on phosphorylated eIF4B, an acceleratory protein of RNA helicase eIF4A. PKR inhibition reduced the expression of eIF4B and C/EBPβ in an eIF2α-independent manner. Furthermore, under our conditions a marked stabilisation of LAP*/LAP protein occurred, accompanied by reduced chymotrypsin-like proteasome/calpain activities and increased calpastatin levels. Our study elucidates new signalling pathways inducing LAP*/LAP expression and indicates new alternative PKR functions in monocytes. The switch from mTOR- to RSK-mediated signalling to orchestrate eIF4B-dependent LAP*/LAP translation, accompanied by increased protein stability but only small mRNA changes, may be a prototypical example for the regulation of protein expression during selected processes of differentiation/proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Huber
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Panterodt
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Bastian Welz
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Christmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Judith Friesenhagen
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Westphal
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniel Pietsch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Korbinian Brand
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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28
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Zhang C, Zhang T, Song E, Himaya SWA, Chen X, Zheng L. Ribosomal protein S15A augments human osteosarcoma cell proliferation in vitro. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2015; 29:451-6. [PMID: 25409460 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2014.1698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As a highly conserved housekeeping gene, the biological implications of ribosomal protein S15A (RPS15A) during various processes, including carcinogenesis, remain elusive. Herein, the authors reported that knockdown of RPS15A expression significantly inhibited human osteosarcoma U2OS cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro by using a lentivirus-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) system. Moreover, an excess accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase was observed in U2OS cells transduced with lentivirus targeting RPS15A, suggesting that the growth inhibition mediated by RPS15A knockdown in osteosarcoma cells was probably due to the induction of cell cycle arrest. Taken together, this study highlights the crucial role of RPS15A in promoting osteosarcoma cell proliferation, and provides a foundation for further study into the clinical potential of inhibition of RPS15A for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- 1 Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai, China
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29
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Yi YW, You K, Bae EJ, Kwak SJ, Seong YS, Bae I. Dual inhibition of EGFR and MET induces synthetic lethality in triple-negative breast cancer cells through downregulation of ribosomal protein S6. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:122-32. [PMID: 25955731 PMCID: PMC4735702 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) exhibits innate resistance to the EGFR inhibition despite high level expression of EGFR. Recently, we found that the proliferation of basal-like (BL) subtype TNBC cells is synergistically inhibited by combination of EGFR and PI3K/AKT inhibitors. On the contrary, TNBC cells of mesenchymal stem-like (MSL) subtype are resistant to these combinations. To identify potential synthetic lethal interaction of compounds for treatment of MSL subtype TNBC cells, we performed MTT screening of MDA-MB-231 cells with a small library of receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKIs) in the presence of gefitinib, an EGFR inhibitor. We identified MET inhibitors as potent RTKIs that caused synthetic lethality in combination with gefitinib in MDA-MB-231 cells. We demonstrated that combination of a MET inhibitor SU11274 with various EGFR inhibitors resulted in synergistic suppression of cell viability (in MTT assay) and cell survival (in colony formation assay) of MSL subtype TNBC cells. We further demonstrated that SU11274 alone induced G2 arrest and gefitinib/SU11274 combination sustained the SU11274-induced G2 arrest in these cells. In addition, SU11274/gefitinib combination synergistically reduced the level of ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6) in MSL subtype TNBC cells. In addition, knockdown of RPS6 itself, in both HS578T and MDA-MB-231, markedly reduced the proliferation of these cells. Taken together, our data suggest that dual targeting of EGFR and MET inhibits the proliferation of MSL subtype TNBC cells through down-regulation of RPS6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Weon Yi
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyusic You
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Edward Jeong Bae
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sahng-June Kwak
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Sun Seong
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Insoo Bae
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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30
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Gismondi A, Caldarola S, Lisi G, Juli G, Chellini L, Iadevaia V, Proud CG, Loreni F. Ribosomal stress activates eEF2K-eEF2 pathway causing translation elongation inhibition and recruitment of terminal oligopyrimidine (TOP) mRNAs on polysomes. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42:12668-80. [PMID: 25332393 PMCID: PMC4227798 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of adequate amounts of ribosomes is an essential task for the cell. It is therefore not surprising that regulatory circuits exist to organize the synthesis of ribosomal components. It has been shown that defect in ribosome biogenesis (ribosomal stress) induces apoptosis or cell cycle arrest through activation of the tumor suppressor p53. This mechanism is thought to be implicated in the pathophysiology of a group of genetic diseases such as Diamond Blackfan Anemia which are called ribosomopathies. We have identified an additional response to ribosomal stress that includes the activation of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 kinase with a consequent inhibition of translation elongation. This leads to a translational reprogramming in the cell that involves the structurally defined group of messengers called terminal oligopyrimidine (TOP) mRNAs which encode ribosomal proteins and translation factors. In fact, while general protein synthesis is decreased by the impairment of elongation, TOP mRNAs are recruited on polysomes causing a relative increase in the synthesis of TOP mRNA-encoded proteins compared to other proteins. Therefore, in response to ribosomal stress, there is a change in the translation pattern of the cell which may help restore a sufficient level of ribosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Gismondi
- Department of Biology, University Tor Vergata, Roma, 00133, Italy
| | - Sara Caldarola
- Department of Biology, University Tor Vergata, Roma, 00133, Italy
| | - Gaia Lisi
- Department of Biology, University Tor Vergata, Roma, 00133, Italy
| | - Giada Juli
- Department of Biology, University Tor Vergata, Roma, 00133, Italy
| | - Lidia Chellini
- Department of Biology, University Tor Vergata, Roma, 00133, Italy
| | - Valentina Iadevaia
- Centre for Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Fabrizio Loreni
- Department of Biology, University Tor Vergata, Roma, 00133, Italy
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31
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Wang W, Nag S, Zhang X, Wang MH, Wang H, Zhou J, Zhang R. Ribosomal proteins and human diseases: pathogenesis, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. Med Res Rev 2014; 35:225-85. [PMID: 25164622 DOI: 10.1002/med.21327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ribosomes are essential components of the protein synthesis machinery. The process of ribosome biogenesis is well organized and tightly regulated. Recent studies have shown that ribosomal proteins (RPs) have extraribosomal functions that are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, DNA repair, and other cellular processes. The dysfunction of RPs has been linked to the development and progression of hematological, metabolic, and cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Perturbation of ribosome biogenesis results in ribosomal stress, which triggers activation of the p53 signaling pathway through RPs-MDM2 interactions, resulting in p53-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. RPs also regulate cellular functions through p53-independent mechanisms. We herein review the recent advances in several forefronts of RP research, including the understanding of their biological features and roles in regulating cellular functions, maintaining cell homeostasis, and their involvement in the pathogenesis of human diseases. We also highlight the translational potential of this research for the identification of molecular biomarkers, and in the discovery and development of novel treatments for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, 79106; Cancer Biology Center, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, 79106
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32
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Kim YK, Kim S, Shin YJ, Hur YS, Kim WY, Lee MS, Cheon CI, Verma DPS. Ribosomal protein S6, a target of rapamycin, is involved in the regulation of rRNA genes by possible epigenetic changes in Arabidopsis. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:3901-12. [PMID: 24302738 PMCID: PMC3924259 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.515015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase pathway regulates various biological processes, including translation, synthesis of ribosomal proteins, and transcription of rRNA. The ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6) is one of the well known downstream components of the TOR pathway. Ribosomal proteins have been known to have diverse functions in regulating cellular metabolism as well as protein synthesis. So far, however, little is known about other possible role(s) of RPS6 in plants, besides being a component of the 40 S ribosomal subunit and acting as a target of TOR. Here, we report that RPS6 may have a novel function via interaction with histone deacetylase 2B (AtHD2B) that belongs to the plant-specific histone deacetylase HD2 family. RPS6 and AtHD2B were localized to the nucleolus. Co-expression of RPS6 and AtHD2B caused a change in the location of both RPS6 and AtHD2B to one or several nucleolar spots. ChIP analysis suggests that RPS6 directly interacts with the rRNA gene promoter. Protoplasts overexpressing both AtHD2B and RPS6 exhibited down-regulation of pre-18 S rRNA synthesis with a concomitant decrease in transcription of some of the ribosomal proteins, suggesting their direct role in ribosome biogenesis and plant development. This is consistent with the mutation in rps6b that results in reduction in 18 S rRNA transcription and decreased root growth. We propose that the interaction between RPS6 and AtHD2B brings about a change in the chromatin structure of rDNA and thus plays an important role in linking TOR signaling to rDNA transcription and ribosome biogenesis in plants.
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MESH Headings
- Arabidopsis/cytology
- Arabidopsis/genetics
- Arabidopsis/metabolism
- Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics
- Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Nucleolus/genetics
- Cell Nucleolus/metabolism
- DNA, Plant/genetics
- DNA, Plant/metabolism
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/metabolism
- Epigenesis, Genetic/physiology
- Genes, Plant/physiology
- Genes, rRNA/physiology
- Histone Deacetylases/genetics
- Histone Deacetylases/metabolism
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/physiology
- Protoplasts/cytology
- Protoplasts/metabolism
- RNA, Plant/genetics
- RNA, Plant/metabolism
- RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/biosynthesis
- RNA, Ribosomal, 18S/genetics
- Transcription, Genetic/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sunghan Kim
- the Department of Plant Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea, and
- the Department of Molecular Genetics and Center for Applied Plant Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | | | | | - Woo-Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | | | | | - Desh Pal S. Verma
- the Department of Molecular Genetics and Center for Applied Plant Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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33
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Huang B, Belharazem D, Li L, Kneitz S, Schnabel PA, Rieker RJ, Körner D, Nix W, Schalke B, Müller-Hermelink HK, Ott G, Rosenwald A, Ströbel P, Marx A. Anti-Apoptotic Signature in Thymic Squamous Cell Carcinomas - Functional Relevance of Anti-Apoptotic BIRC3 Expression in the Thymic Carcinoma Cell Line 1889c. Front Oncol 2013; 3:316. [PMID: 24427739 PMCID: PMC3876280 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular pathogenesis of thymomas and thymic carcinomas (TCs) is poorly understood and results of adjuvant therapy are unsatisfactory in case of metastatic disease and tumor recurrence. For these clinical settings, novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Recently, limited sequencing efforts revealed that a broad spectrum of genes that play key roles in various common cancers are rarely affected in thymomas and TCs, suggesting that other oncogenic principles might be important. This made us re-analyze historic expression data obtained in a spectrum of thymomas and thymic squamous cell carcinomas (TSCCs) with a custom-made cDNA microarray. By cluster analysis, different anti-apoptotic signatures were detected in type B3 thymoma and TSCC, including overexpression of BIRC3 in TSCCs. This was confirmed by qRT-PCR in the original and an independent validation set of tumors. In contrast to several other cancer cell lines, the BIRC3-positive TSCC cell line, 1889c showed spontaneous apoptosis after BIRC3 knock-down. Targeting apoptosis genes is worth testing as therapeutic principle in TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Huang
- Pathologisches Institut der Universität Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany
| | - Djeda Belharazem
- Pathologisches Institut und Zentrum für Medizinische Forschung (ZMF), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany
| | - Li Li
- Pathologisches Institut und Zentrum für Medizinische Forschung (ZMF), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany ; Pathologisches Institut der Universitätsmedizin Göttingen , Göttingen , Germany
| | - Susanne Kneitz
- Pathologisches Institut der Universität Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany
| | | | - Ralf J Rieker
- Pathologisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Daniel Körner
- Abteilung Thoraxchirurgie, Thoraxklinik Rohrbach, Universität Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Wilfred Nix
- Neurologische Universitätsklinik Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Berthold Schalke
- Neurologische Universitätsklink Regensburg , Regensburg , Germany
| | | | - German Ott
- Pathologisches Institut, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus , Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Andreas Rosenwald
- Pathologisches Institut der Universität Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany
| | - Philipp Ströbel
- Pathologisches Institut und Zentrum für Medizinische Forschung (ZMF), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany ; Pathologisches Institut der Universitätsmedizin Göttingen , Göttingen , Germany
| | - Alexander Marx
- Pathologisches Institut und Zentrum für Medizinische Forschung (ZMF), Universitätsmedizin Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany
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34
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Pichon X, Wilson LA, Stoneley M, Bastide A, King HA, Somers J, Willis AEE. RNA binding protein/RNA element interactions and the control of translation. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2013; 13:294-304. [PMID: 22708490 PMCID: PMC3431537 DOI: 10.2174/138920312801619475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of work demonstrates the importance of post-transcriptional control, in particular translation
initiation, in the overall regulation of gene expression. Here we focus on the contribution of regulatory elements within the
5’ and 3’ untranslated regions of mRNA to gene expression in eukaryotic cells including terminal oligopyrimidine tracts,
internal ribosome entry segments, upstream open reading frames and cytoplasmic polyadenylation elements. These
mRNA regulatory elements may adopt complex secondary structures and/or contain sequence motifs that allow their interaction
with a variety of regulatory proteins, RNAs and RNA binding proteins, particularly hnRNPs. The resulting interactions
are context-sensitive, and provide cells with a sensitive and fast response to cellular signals such as hormone exposure
or cytotoxic stress. Importantly, an increasing number of diseases have been identified, particularly cancers and
those associated with neurodegeneration, which originate either from mutation of these regulatory motifs, or from deregulation
of their cognate binding partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Pichon
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, Leicester, UK
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35
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Comparative analysis of differentially expressed genes in Sika deer antler at different stages. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 40:1665-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2216-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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36
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37
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Fujimura K, Sasaki AT, Anderson P. Selenite targets eIF4E-binding protein-1 to inhibit translation initiation and induce the assembly of non-canonical stress granules. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 40:8099-110. [PMID: 22718973 PMCID: PMC3439927 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are large cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein complexes that are assembled when cells are exposed to stress. SGs promote the survival of stressed cells by contributing to the reprogramming of protein expression as well as by blocking pro-apoptotic signaling cascades. These cytoprotective effects implicated SGs in the resistance of cancer cells to radiation and chemotherapy. We have found that sodium selenite, a selenium compound with chemotherapeutic potential, is a potent inducer of SG assembly. Selenite-induced SGs differ from canonical mammalian SGs in their morphology, composition and mechanism of assembly. Their assembly is induced primarily by eIF4E-binding protein1 (4EBP1)-mediated inhibition of translation initiation, which is reinforced by concurrent phosphorylation of eIF2α. Selenite-induced SGs lack several classical SG components, including proteins that contribute to pro-survival functions of canonical SGs. Our results reveal a new mechanism of mammalian SG assembly and provide insights into how selenite cytotoxicity may be exploited as an anti-neoplastic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Fujimura
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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38
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Shenoy N, Kessel R, Bhagat TD, Bhattacharyya S, Yu Y, McMahon C, Verma A. Alterations in the ribosomal machinery in cancer and hematologic disorders. J Hematol Oncol 2012; 5:32. [PMID: 22709827 PMCID: PMC3438023 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-5-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomes are essential components of the protein translation machinery and are composed of more than 80 unique large and small ribosomal proteins. Recent studies show that in addition to their roles in protein translation, ribosomal proteins are also involved in extra-ribosomal functions of DNA repair, apoptosis and cellular homeostasis. Consequently, alterations in the synthesis or functioning of ribosomal proteins can lead to various hematologic disorders. These include congenital anemias such as Diamond Blackfan anemia and Shwachman Diamond syndrome; both of which are associated with mutations in various ribosomal genes. Acquired uniallelic deletion of RPS14 gene has also been shown to lead to the 5q syndrome, a distinct subset of MDS associated with macrocytic anemia. Recent evidence shows that specific ribosomal proteins are overexpressed in liver, colon, prostate and other tumors. Ribosomal protein overexpression can promote tumorigenesis by interactions with the p53 tumor suppressor pathway and also by direct effects on various oncogenes. These data point to a broad role of ribosome protein alterations in hematologic and oncologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Shenoy
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10467, USA
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39
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Navare AT, Sova P, Purdy DE, Weiss JM, Wolf-Yadlin A, Korth MJ, Chang ST, Proll SC, Jahan TA, Krasnoselsky AL, Palermo RE, Katze MG. Quantitative proteomic analysis of HIV-1 infected CD4+ T cells reveals an early host response in important biological pathways: protein synthesis, cell proliferation, and T-cell activation. Virology 2012; 429:37-46. [PMID: 22542004 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2012.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) depends upon host-encoded proteins to facilitate its replication while at the same time inhibiting critical components of innate and/or intrinsic immune response pathways. To characterize the host cell response on protein levels in CD4+ lymphoblastoid SUP-T1 cells after infection with HIV-1 strain LAI, we used mass spectrometry (MS)-based global quantitation with iTRAQ (isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification). We found 266, 60 and 22 proteins differentially expressed (DE) (P-value ≤ 0.05) at 4, 8, and 20 hours post-infection (hpi), respectively, compared to time-matched mock-infected samples. The majority of changes in protein abundance occurred at an early stage of infection well before the de novo production of viral proteins. Functional analyses of these DE proteins showed enrichment in several biological pathways including protein synthesis, cell proliferation, and T-cell activation. Importantly, these early changes before the time of robust viral production have not been described before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti T Navare
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-8070, USA
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40
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Chan JC, Hannan KM, Riddell K, Ng PY, Peck A, Lee RS, Hung S, Astle MV, Bywater M, Wall M, Poortinga G, Jastrzebski K, Sheppard KE, Hemmings BA, Hall MN, Johnstone RW, McArthur GA, Hannan RD, Pearson RB. AKT promotes rRNA synthesis and cooperates with c-MYC to stimulate ribosome biogenesis in cancer. Sci Signal 2011; 4:ra56. [PMID: 21878679 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2001754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Precise regulation of ribosome biogenesis is fundamental to maintain normal cell growth and proliferation, and accelerated ribosome biogenesis is associated with malignant transformation. Here, we show that the kinase AKT regulates ribosome biogenesis at multiple levels to promote ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis. Transcription elongation by RNA polymerase I, which synthesizes rRNA, required continuous AKT-dependent signaling, an effect independent of AKT's role in activating the translation-promoting complex mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1). Sustained inhibition of AKT and mTORC1 cooperated to reduce rRNA synthesis and ribosome biogenesis by additionally limiting RNA polymerase I loading and pre-rRNA processing. In the absence of growth factors, constitutively active AKT increased synthesis of rRNA, ribosome biogenesis, and cell growth. Furthermore, AKT cooperated with the transcription factor c-MYC to synergistically activate rRNA synthesis and ribosome biogenesis, defining a network involving AKT, mTORC1, and c-MYC as a master controller of cell growth. Maximal activation of c-MYC-dependent rRNA synthesis in lymphoma cells required AKT activity. Moreover, inhibition of AKT-dependent rRNA transcription was associated with increased lymphoma cell death by apoptosis. These data indicate that decreased ribosome biogenesis is likely to be a fundamental component of the therapeutic response to AKT inhibitors in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna C Chan
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, Victoria 8006, Australia
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