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He Y, Han S, Li H, Wu Y, Jia W, Chen Z, Pan Y, Cai N, Wen J, Li G, Liang J, Zhao J, Liu Q, Liang H, Ding Z, Huang Z, Zhang B. CREB3 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression by depressing AKT signaling through competitively binding with insulin receptor and transcriptionally activating RNA-binding motif protein 38. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e633. [PMID: 38952575 PMCID: PMC11215284 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 (CREB3), belonging to bZIP family, was reported to play multiple roles in various cancers, but its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unclear. cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 3 (CREB3L3), another member of bZIP family, was thought to be transcription factor (TF) to regulate hepatic metabolism. Nevertheless, except for being TFs, other function of bZIP family were poorly understood. In this study, we found CREB3 inhibited growth and metastasis of HCC in vitro and in vivo. RNA sequencing indicated CREB3 regulated AKT signaling to influence HCC progression. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed CREB3 interacted with insulin receptor (INSR). Mechanistically, CREB3 suppressed AKT phosphorylation by inhibiting the interaction of INSR with insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1). In our study, CREB3 was firstly proved to affect activation of substrates by interacting with tyrosine kinase receptor. Besides, CREB3 could act as a TF to transactivate RNA-binding motif protein 38 (RBM38) expression, leading to suppressed AKT phosphorylation. Rescue experiments further confirmed the independence between the two functional manners. In conclusion, CREB3 acted as a tumor suppressor in HCC, which inhibited AKT phosphorylation through independently interfering interaction of INSR with IRS1, and transcriptionally activating RBM38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi He
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Shenqi Han
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Han Li
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yu Wu
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Wenlong Jia
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yonglong Pan
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Ning Cai
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jingyuan Wen
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Ganxun Li
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Junnan Liang
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Qiumeng Liu
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Zeyang Ding
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Zhao Huang
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery CenterTongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato‐Pancreatic‐Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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2
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Zhang KK, Burns CM, Skinner ME, Lombard DB, Miller RA, Endicott SJ. PTEN is both an activator and a substrate of chaperone-mediated autophagy. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202208150. [PMID: 37418003 PMCID: PMC10327811 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202208150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PTEN is a crucial negative regulator of the INS/PI3K/AKT pathway and is one of the most commonly mutated tumor suppressors in cancer. Global overexpression (OE) of PTEN in mice shifts metabolism to favor oxidative phosphorylation over glycolysis, reduces fat mass, and extends the lifespan of both sexes. We demonstrate that PTEN regulates chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Using cultured cells and mouse models, we show that PTEN OE enhances CMA, dependent upon PTEN's lipid phosphatase activity and AKT inactivation. Reciprocally, PTEN knockdown reduces CMA, which can be rescued by inhibiting class I PI3K or AKT. Both PTEN and CMA are negative regulators of glycolysis and lipid droplet formation. We show that suppression of glycolysis and lipid droplet formation downstream of PTEN OE depends on CMA activity. Finally, we show that PTEN protein levels are sensitive to CMA and that PTEN accumulates in lysosomes with elevated CMA. Collectively, these data suggest that CMA is both an effector and a regulator of PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine K. Zhang
- College of Literature, Arts, and the Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Calvin M. Burns
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mary E. Skinner
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David B. Lombard
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Richard A. Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Geriatrics Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - S. Joseph Endicott
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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3
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Ermakova G, Hou C, Boudreau J, Bendena WG, Chin-Sang ID. Characterizing Variants of Unknown Significance of the PTEN tumour suppressorHomolog DAF-18. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2022; 2022:10.17912/micropub.biology.000689. [PMID: 36530472 PMCID: PMC9748723 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Insulin and insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) is an anabolic pathway conserved among humans and Caenorhabditis elegans . In humans, the tumour suppressor protein Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog (PTEN) inhibits IIS, preventing excessive growth. PTEN variants are associated with disease, but how they affect PTEN function is not well understood. Here, we characterized variants of unknown significance (VUSs) implicated in autism spectrum disorder by studying homologous mutations in the C. elegans protein DAF-18 to infer how they play a role in human disease.We found that variants D66E and L115V are likely benign, H168Q is intermediate while variants H138R and T176I are likely pathogenic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chadwick Hou
- Queen’s University, Department of Biology, Kingston ON Canada
| | | | | | - Ian D Chin-Sang
- Queen’s University, Department of Biology, Kingston ON Canada
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4
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Mapping the dynamics of insulin-responsive pathways in the blood-brain barrier endothelium using time-series transcriptomics data. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2022; 8:29. [PMID: 35974022 PMCID: PMC9381797 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-022-00235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Critical functions of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), including cerebral blood flow, energy metabolism, and immunomodulation, are regulated by insulin signaling pathways. Therefore, endothelial insulin resistance could lead to BBB dysfunction, which is associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current study aims to map the dynamics of insulin-responsive pathways in polarized human cerebral microvascular endothelial cell (hCMEC/D3) monolayers. RNA-Sequencing was performed on hCMEC/D3 monolayers with and without insulin treatment at various time points. The Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) method was used to identify gene clusters with distinct and representative expression patterns. Functional annotation and pathway analysis of genes from selected clusters were conducted using Webgestalt and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software. Quantitative expression differences of 16,570 genes between insulin-treated and control monolayers were determined at five-time points. The STEM software identified 12 significant clusters with 6880 genes that displayed distinct temporal patterns upon insulin exposure, and the clusters were further divided into three groups. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis demonstrated that biological processes protecting BBB functions such as regulation of vascular development and actin cytoskeleton reorganization were upregulated after insulin treatment (Group 1 and 2). In contrast, GO pathways related to inflammation, such as response to interferon-gamma, were downregulated (Group 3). The IPA analyses further identified insulin-responsive cellular and molecular pathways that are associated with AD pathology. These findings unravel the dynamics of insulin action on the BBB endothelium and inform about downstream signaling cascades that are potentially disrupted due to brain insulin resistance prevalent in AD.
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5
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Leslie J, Geh D, Elsharkawy AM, Mann DA, Vacca M. Metabolic dysfunction and cancer in HCV: Shared pathways and mutual interactions. J Hepatol 2022; 77:219-236. [PMID: 35157957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2022.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
HCV hijacks many host metabolic processes in an effort to aid viral replication. The resulting hepatic metabolic dysfunction underpins many of the hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C (CHC). However, the natural history of CHC is also substantially influenced by the host metabolic status: obesity, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis are major determinants of CHC progression toward hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have transformed the treatment and natural history of CHC. While DAA therapy effectively eradicates the virus, the long-lasting overlapping metabolic disease can persist, especially in the presence of obesity, increasing the risk of liver disease progression. This review covers the mechanisms by which HCV tunes hepatic and systemic metabolism, highlighting how systemic metabolic disturbance, lipotoxicity and chronic inflammation favour disease progression and a precancerous niche. We also highlight the therapeutic implications of sustained metabolic dysfunction following sustained virologic response as well as considerations for patients who develop HCC on the background of metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Leslie
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Daniel Geh
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ahmed M Elsharkawy
- Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Medical Centre, Birmingham, B15 2TH UK; National Institute for Health Research, Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Derek A Mann
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Michele Vacca
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
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6
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Wittes J, Greenwald I. Genetic analysis of DAF-18/PTEN missense mutants for the ability to maintain quiescence of the somatic gonad and germ line in Caenorhabditis elegans dauer larvae. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2022; 12:jkac093. [PMID: 35451467 PMCID: PMC9157151 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian tumor suppressor PTEN has well-established lipid phosphatase and protein phosphatase activities. DAF-18, the Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog of PTEN, has a high degree of conservation in the catalytic domain, and human PTEN complements a null allele of daf-18, suggesting conserved protein function. Insights gleaned from studies of mammalian PTEN have been applied to studies of DAF-18 in C. elegans, including predicted enzymatic properties of mutants. Here, we characterize DAF-18 missense mutants previously treated as selectively disrupting either protein or lipid phosphatase activity in genetic assays to connect distinct phenotypes to specific enzymatic activities of DAF-18/PTEN. We analyze the ability of these mutants to maintain quiescence of the somatic gonad and germ line in dauer larvae, a state of diapause during which development is suspended. We show that transgenes expressing either the putative lipid phosphatase-deficient or putative protein phosphatase-deficient form fail to complement a daf-18 null allele, and that the corresponding homozygous endogenous missense mutant alleles fail to maintain developmental quiescence. We also show that the endogenous daf-18 missense alleles fail to complement each other, suggesting that one or both of the missense forms are not activity-selective. Furthermore, homozygous daf-18 missense mutants have a more severe phenotype than a daf-18 null mutant, suggesting the presence of functionally compromised mutant DAF-18 is more deleterious than the absence of DAF-18. We discuss how these genetic properties complicate the interpretation of genetic assays to associate specific enzymatic activities with specific phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Wittes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Iva Greenwald
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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Park HEH, Hwang W, Ham S, Kim E, Altintas O, Park S, Son HG, Lee Y, Lee D, Heo WD, Lee SJV. A PTEN variant uncouples longevity from impaired fitness in Caenorhabditis elegans with reduced insulin/IGF-1 signaling. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5631. [PMID: 34561453 PMCID: PMC8463539 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25920-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) regulates various physiological aspects in numerous species. In Caenorhabditis elegans, mutations in the daf-2/insulin/IGF-1 receptor dramatically increase lifespan and immunity, but generally impair motility, growth, and reproduction. Whether these pleiotropic effects can be dissociated at a specific step in insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway remains unknown. Through performing a mutagenesis screen, we identified a missense mutation daf-18(yh1) that alters a cysteine to tyrosine in DAF-18/PTEN phosphatase, which maintained the long lifespan and enhanced immunity, while improving the reduced motility in adult daf-2 mutants. We showed that the daf-18(yh1) mutation decreased the lipid phosphatase activity of DAF-18/PTEN, while retaining a partial protein tyrosine phosphatase activity. We found that daf-18(yh1) maintained the partial activity of DAF-16/FOXO but restricted the detrimental upregulation of SKN-1/NRF2, contributing to beneficial physiological traits in daf-2 mutants. Our work provides important insights into how one evolutionarily conserved component, PTEN, can coordinate animal health and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Eun H Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Wooseon Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Seokjin Ham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Eunah Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Ozlem Altintas
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Sangsoon Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Heehwa G Son
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Yujin Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Dongyeop Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Won Do Heo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jae V Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
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8
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Association of genetic variations in phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene with polycystic ovary syndrome in South Indian women: a case control study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2020; 302:1033-1040. [PMID: 32583210 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-020-05658-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between gene phosphate and tensin homolog (PTEN) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and risk of developing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in South Indian women. PTEN is one of the most important tumor suppressor genes that regulate cell proliferation, migration, and death. It is also involved in the maintenance of genome stability. PCOS is one of the most common endocrine disorders among women of reproductive age. It is a heterogeneous syndrome characterized by abnormal reproductive cycles, irregular ovulation, hormonal imbalance, hyperandrogenism, acne and hirsutism. RESEARCH QUESTION What is the association status of PTEN SNPs with PCOS? METHODS A total of 240 subjects were recruited in this case-control study comprising 110 patients with PCOS and 130 individuals without PCOS. All the subjects were of South Indian origin. The genotyping of PTEN SNPs (rs1903858 A/G, rs185262832G/A and rs10490920T/C) was carried out on DNA from subjects by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing analysis. Haplotype frequencies for multiple loci and the standardized disequilibrium coefficient (D') for pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) were surveyed by Haploview Software. RESULTS Our results showed significant increase in the frequencies of rs1903858 A/G (P = 0.0016), rs185262832 G/A (P = 0.0122) and rs10490920 T/C (P = 0.0234) genotypes and alleles in cases compared to controls. CONCLUSION The PTEN (rs1903858A/G, rs185262832G/A and rs10490920T/C) gene polymorphisms may constitute an inheritable risk factor for PCOS in South Indian women.
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9
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Pulido R, Mingo J, Gaafar A, Nunes-Xavier CE, Luna S, Torices L, Angulo JC, López JI. Precise Immunodetection of PTEN Protein in Human Neoplasia. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2019; 9:cshperspect.a036293. [PMID: 31501265 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a036293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PTEN is a major tumor-suppressor protein whose expression and biological activity are frequently diminished in sporadic or inherited cancers. PTEN gene deletion or loss-of-function mutations favor tumor cell growth and are commonly found in clinical practice. In addition, diminished PTEN protein expression is also frequently observed in tumor samples from cancer patients in the absence of PTEN gene alterations. This makes PTEN protein levels a potential biomarker parameter in clinical oncology, which can guide therapeutic decisions. The specific detection of PTEN protein can be achieved by using highly defined anti-PTEN monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), characterized with precision in terms of sensitivity for the detection technique, specificity for PTEN binding, and constraints of epitope recognition. This is especially relevant taking into consideration that PTEN is highly targeted by mutations and posttranslational modifications, and different PTEN protein isoforms exist. The precise characterization of anti-PTEN mAb reactivity is an important step in the validation of these reagents as diagnostic and prognostic tools in clinical oncology, including their routine use in analytical immunohistochemistry (IHC). Here, we review the current status on the use of well-defined anti-PTEN mAbs for PTEN immunodetection in the clinical context and discuss their potential usefulness and limitations for a more precise cancer diagnosis and patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pulido
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo 48903, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48011, Spain
| | - Janire Mingo
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo 48903, Spain
| | - Ayman Gaafar
- Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo 48903, Spain
| | - Caroline E Nunes-Xavier
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo 48903, Spain.,Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo N-0310, Norway
| | - Sandra Luna
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo 48903, Spain
| | - Leire Torices
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo 48903, Spain
| | - Javier C Angulo
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Getafe, Getafe, Madrid 28904, Spain.,Clinical Department, European University of Madrid, Laureate Universities, Madrid 28904, Spain
| | - José I López
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo 48903, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo 48903, Spain.,University of the Basque Country, Leioa 48940, Spain
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10
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Khan MI, Al Johani A, Hamid A, Ateeq B, Manzar N, Adhami VM, Lall RK, Rath S, Sechi M, Siddiqui IA, Choudhry H, Zamzami MA, Havighurst TC, Huang W, Ntambi JM, Mukhtar H. Proproliferative function of adaptor protein GRB10 in prostate carcinoma. FASEB J 2019; 33:3198-3211. [PMID: 30379590 PMCID: PMC6404554 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800265rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Growth factor receptor-binding protein 10 (GRB10) is a well-known adaptor protein and a recently identified substrate of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Depletion of GRB10 increases insulin sensitivity and overexpression suppresses PI3K/Akt signaling. Because the major reason for the limited efficacy of PI3K/Akt-targeted therapies in prostate cancer (PCa) is loss of mTOR-regulated feedback suppression, it is therefore important to assess the functional importance and regulation of GRB10 under these conditions. On the basis of these background observations, we explored the status and functional impact of GRB10 in PCa and found maximum expression in phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-deficient PCa. In human PCa samples, GRB10 inversely correlated with PTEN and positively correlated with pAKT levels. Knockdown of GRB10 in nontumorigenic PTEN null mouse embryonic fibroblasts and tumorigenic PCa cell lines reduced Akt phosphorylation and selectively activated a panel of receptor tyrosine kinases. Similarly, overexpression of GRB10 in PTEN wild-type PCa cell lines accelerated tumorigenesis and induced Akt phosphorylation. In PTEN wild-type PCa, GRB10 overexpression promoted mediated PTEN interaction and degradation. PI3K (but not mTOR) inhibitors reduced GRB10 expression, suggesting primarily PI3K-driven regulation of GRB10. In summary, our results suggest that GRB10 acts as a major downstream effector of PI3K and has tumor-promoting effects in prostate cancer.-Khan, M. I., Al Johani, A., Hamid, A., Ateeq, B., Manzar, N., Adhami, V. M., Lall, R. K., Rath, S., Sechi, M., Siddiqui, I. A., Choudhry, H., Zamzami, M. A., Havighurst, T. C., Huang, W., Ntambi, J. M., Mukhtar, H. Proproliferatve function of adaptor protein GRB10 in prostate carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Imran Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;,Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;,Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA;,Correspondence: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
| | - Ahmed Al Johani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Abid Hamid
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Bushra Ateeq
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology–Kanpur (IIT–K), Kanpur, India
| | - Nishat Manzar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology–Kanpur (IIT–K), Kanpur, India
| | - Vaqar Mustafa Adhami
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Rahul K. Lall
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Suvasmita Rath
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Mario Sechi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Imtiaz Ahmad Siddiqui
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Hani Choudhry
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;,Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazin A. Zamzami
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;,Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas C. Havighurst
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - James M. Ntambi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Hasan Mukhtar
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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11
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McDiarmid TA, Au V, Loewen AD, Liang J, Mizumoto K, Moerman DG, Rankin CH. CRISPR-Cas9 human gene replacement and phenomic characterization in Caenorhabditis elegans to understand the functional conservation of human genes and decipher variants of uncertain significance. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:dmm.036517. [PMID: 30361258 PMCID: PMC6307914 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.036517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our ability to sequence genomes has vastly surpassed our ability to interpret the genetic variation we discover. This presents a major challenge in the clinical setting, where the recent application of whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing has uncovered thousands of genetic variants of uncertain significance. Here, we present a strategy for targeted human gene replacement and phenomic characterization, based on CRISPR-Cas9 genome engineering in the genetic model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, that will facilitate assessment of the functional conservation of human genes and structure-function analysis of disease-associated variants with unprecedented precision. We validate our strategy by demonstrating that direct single-copy replacement of the C. elegans ortholog (daf-18) with the critical human disease-associated gene phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is sufficient to rescue multiple phenotypic abnormalities caused by complete deletion of daf-18, including complex chemosensory and mechanosensory impairments. In addition, we used our strategy to generate animals harboring a single copy of the known pathogenic lipid phosphatase inactive PTEN variant (PTEN-G129E), and showed that our automated in vivo phenotypic assays could accurately and efficiently classify this missense variant as loss of function. The integrated nature of the human transgenes allows for analysis of both homozygous and heterozygous variants and greatly facilitates high-throughput precision medicine drug screens. By combining genome engineering with rapid and automated phenotypic characterization, our strategy streamlines the identification of novel conserved gene functions in complex sensory and learning phenotypes that can be used as in vivo functional assays to decipher variants of uncertain significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy A McDiarmid
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Vinci Au
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Aaron D Loewen
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Joseph Liang
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Kota Mizumoto
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Donald G Moerman
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Catharine H Rankin
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada .,Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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12
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Meakin PJ, Mezzapesa A, Benabou E, Haas ME, Bonardo B, Grino M, Brunel JM, Desbois-Mouthon C, Biddinger SB, Govers R, Ashford MLJ, Peiretti F. The beta secretase BACE1 regulates the expression of insulin receptor in the liver. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1306. [PMID: 29610518 PMCID: PMC5880807 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03755-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin receptor (IR) plays a key role in the control of glucose homeostasis; however, the regulation of its cellular expression remains poorly understood. Here we show that the amount of biologically active IR is regulated by the cleavage of its ectodomain, by the β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), in a glucose concentration-dependent manner. In vivo studies demonstrate that BACE1 regulates the amount of IR and insulin signaling in the liver. During diabetes, BACE1-dependent cleavage of IR is increased and the amount of IR in the liver is reduced, whereas infusion of a BACE1 inhibitor partially restores liver IR. We suggest the potential use of BACE1 inhibitors to enhance insulin signaling during diabetes. Additionally, we show that plasma levels of cleaved IR reflect IR isoform A expression levels in liver tumors, which prompts us to propose that the measurement of circulating cleaved IR may assist hepatic cancer detection and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Meakin
- Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, DD19SY, UK
| | - Anna Mezzapesa
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Eva Benabou
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Mary E Haas
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Michel Grino
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Michel Brunel
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CNRS, CRCM, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, 13385, France
| | - Christèle Desbois-Mouthon
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Sudha B Biddinger
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Roland Govers
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Michael L J Ashford
- Division of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, DD19SY, UK
| | - Franck Peiretti
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, 13385, Marseille, France.
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13
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Pulido R. PTEN Inhibition in Human Disease Therapy. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23020285. [PMID: 29385737 PMCID: PMC6017825 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor PTEN is a major homeostatic regulator, by virtue of its lipid phosphatase activity against phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3], which downregulates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR prosurvival signaling, as well as by its protein phosphatase activity towards specific protein targets. PTEN catalytic activity is crucial to control cell growth under physiologic and pathologic situations, and it impacts not only in preventing tumor cell survival and proliferation, but also in restraining several cellular regeneration processes, such as those associated with nerve injury recovery, cardiac ischemia, or wound healing. In these conditions, inhibition of PTEN catalysis is being explored as a potentially beneficial therapeutic intervention. Here, an overview of human diseases and conditions in which PTEN inhibition could be beneficial is presented, together with an update on the current status of specific small molecule inhibitors of PTEN enzymatic activity, their use in experimental models, and their limitations as research or therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pulido
- Biomarkers in Cancer Unit, Biocruces Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
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14
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Belfiore A, Malaguarnera R, Vella V, Lawrence MC, Sciacca L, Frasca F, Morrione A, Vigneri R. Insulin Receptor Isoforms in Physiology and Disease: An Updated View. Endocr Rev 2017; 38:379-431. [PMID: 28973479 PMCID: PMC5629070 DOI: 10.1210/er.2017-00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The insulin receptor (IR) gene undergoes differential splicing that generates two IR isoforms, IR-A and IR-B. The physiological roles of IR isoforms are incompletely understood and appear to be determined by their different binding affinities for insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), particularly for IGF-2. Predominant roles of IR-A in prenatal growth and development and of IR-B in metabolic regulation are well established. However, emerging evidence indicates that the differential expression of IR isoforms may also help explain the diversification of insulin and IGF signaling and actions in various organs and tissues by involving not only different ligand-binding affinities but also different membrane partitioning and trafficking and possibly different abilities to interact with a variety of molecular partners. Of note, dysregulation of the IR-A/IR-B ratio is associated with insulin resistance, aging, and increased proliferative activity of normal and neoplastic tissues and appears to sustain detrimental effects. This review discusses novel information that has generated remarkable progress in our understanding of the physiology of IR isoforms and their role in disease. We also focus on novel IR ligands and modulators that should now be considered as an important strategy for better and safer treatment of diabetes and cancer and possibly other IR-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Malaguarnera
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Veronica Vella
- School of Human and Social Sciences, University Kore of Enna, via della Cooperazione, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Michael C. Lawrence
- Structural Biology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Laura Sciacca
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Frasca
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Morrione
- Department of Urology and Biology of Prostate Cancer Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Riccardo Vigneri
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122 Catania, Italy
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15
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Dual Targeting of Insulin Receptor and KIT in Imatinib-Resistant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors. Cancer Res 2017; 77:5107-5117. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-0917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Pulido R. PTEN: a yin-yang master regulator protein in health and disease. Methods 2016; 77-78:3-10. [PMID: 25843297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The PTEN gene is a tumor suppressor gene frequently mutated in human tumors, which encodes a ubiquitous protein whose major activity is to act as a lipid phosphatase that counteracts the action of the oncogenic PI3K. In addition, PTEN displays protein phosphatase- and catalytically-independent activities. The physiologic control of PTEN function, and its inactivation in cancer and other human diseases, including some neurodevelopmental disorders, is upon the action of multiple regulatory mechanisms. This provides a wide spectrum of potential therapeutic approaches to reconstitute PTEN activity. By contrast, inhibition of PTEN function may be beneficial in a different group of human diseases, such as type 2 diabetes or neuroregeneration-related pathologies. This makes PTEN a functionally dual yin-yang protein with high potential in the clinics. Here, a brief overview on PTEN and its relation with human disease is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pulido
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
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17
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Abstract
C. elegans encodes a PTEN homolog called DAF-18 and human PTEN can functionally replace DAF-18. Thus C. elegans provides a valuable model organism to study PTEN. This chapter provides methods to study DAF-18/PTEN function in C. elegans. We provide methods to genotype daf-18/Pten mutants, visualize and quantify DAF-18/PTEN in C. elegans, as well as to study physiological and developmental processes that will provide molecular insight on DAF-18/PTEN function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanqing Zheng
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, 116 Barrie St., Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Ian D Chin-Sang
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, 116 Barrie St., Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 3N6.
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18
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Montales MTE, Simmen RCM, Ferreira ES, Neves VA, Simmen FA. Metformin and soybean-derived bioactive molecules attenuate the expansion of stem cell-like epithelial subpopulation and confer apoptotic sensitivity in human colon cancer cells. GENES AND NUTRITION 2015; 10:49. [PMID: 26506839 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-015-0499-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease whose genesis may include metabolic dysregulation. Cancer stem cells are attractive targets for therapeutic interventions since their aberrant expansion may underlie tumor initiation, progression, and recurrence. To investigate the actions of metabolic regulators on cancer stem cell-like cells (CSC) in CRC, we determined the effects of soybean-derived bioactive molecules and the anti-diabetes drug metformin (MET), alone and together, on the growth, survival, and frequency of CSC in human HCT116 cells. Effects of MET (60 μM) and soybean components genistein (Gen, 2 μM), lunasin (Lun, 2 μM), β-conglycinin (β-con, 3 μM), and glycinin (Gly, 3 μM) on HCT116 cell proliferation, apoptosis, and mRNA/protein expression and on the frequency of the CSC CD133(+)CD44(+) subpopulation by colonosphere assay and fluorescence-activated cell sorting/flow cytometry were evaluated. MET, Gen, and Lun, individually and together, inhibited HCT116 viability and colonosphere formation and, conversely, enhanced HCT116 apoptosis. Reductions in frequency of the CSC CD133(+)CD44(+) subpopulation with MET, Gen, and Lun were found to be associated with increased PTEN and reduced FASN expression. In cells under a hyperinsulinemic state mimicking metabolic dysregulation and without and with added PTEN-specific inhibitor SF1670, colonosphere formation and frequency of the CD133(+)CD44(+) subpopulation were decreased by MET, Lun and Gen, alone and when combined. Moreover, MET + Lun + Gen co-treatment increased the pro-apoptotic and CD133(+)CD44(+)-inhibitory efficacy of 5-fluorouracil under hyperinsulinemic conditions. Results identify molecular networks shared by MET and bioavailable soy food components, which potentially may be harnessed to increase drug efficacy in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Theresa E Montales
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Winthrop Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Mail #505, 4301 West Markham St., Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Rosalia C M Simmen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Winthrop Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Mail #505, 4301 West Markham St., Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Ederlan S Ferreira
- Department of Bromatological Analysis, Federal University of Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Valdir A Neves
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Frank A Simmen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Winthrop Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Mail #505, 4301 West Markham St., Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
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19
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Chettouh H, Lequoy M, Fartoux L, Vigouroux C, Desbois-Mouthon C. Hyperinsulinaemia and insulin signalling in the pathogenesis and the clinical course of hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Int 2015; 35:2203-17. [PMID: 26123841 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most prevalent cancer and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. The risk factors for HCC include cirrhosis, chronic viral hepatitis, heavy alcohol intake and metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance is a common denominator of all of these conditions and is tethered to hyperinsulinaemia. Here, we give an overview of the recent advances linking hyperinsulinaemia to HCC development and progression. In particular, we summarise the underlying causes of hyperinsulinaemia in the setting of chronic liver diseases. We present epidemiological evidence linking metabolic diseases to HCC risk and HCC-related mortality, as well as the pathogenic cellular and molecular mechanisms explaining this relation. A better understanding of the mechanisms by which insulin participates in HCC biology might ultimately provide novel opportunities for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Chettouh
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Marie Lequoy
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,Service d'Hépatologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Fartoux
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,Service d'Hépatologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Vigouroux
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,Laboratoire Commun de Biologie et Génétique Moléculaires AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,ICAN, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Christèle Desbois-Mouthon
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR_S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
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20
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Liu J, Chin-Sang ID. C. elegans as a model to study PTEN's regulation and function. Methods 2014; 77-78:180-90. [PMID: 25514044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) has important roles in tumor suppression, metabolism, and development, yet its regulators, effectors, and functions are not fully understood. DAF-18 is the PTEN ortholog in Caenorhabditis elegans. DAF-18's role is highly conserved to human PTEN, and can be functionally replaced by human PTEN. Thus C. elegans provides a valuable model to study PTEN. This review assesses current and emerging methods to study DAF-18's regulators and functions in C. elegans. We propose genetic modify screens to identify genes that interact with daf-18/PTEN. These genes are potential targets for anticancer drug therapies. We also provide a review on the roles DAF-18/PTEN has during C. elegans development and how studying these physiological roles can provide mechanistic insight on DAF-18/PTEN function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, 116 Barrie St., Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Ian D Chin-Sang
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, 116 Barrie St., Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
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21
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Beckwith H, Yee D. Insulin-like growth factors, insulin, and growth hormone signaling in breast cancer: implications for targeted therapy. Endocr Pract 2014; 20:1214-21. [PMID: 25297664 DOI: 10.4158/ep14208.ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent decades, multiple therapeutics targeting the estrogen and human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER2) receptors have been approved for the treatment of breast cancer. METHODS This review discusses a number of growth factor pathways that have been implicated in resistance to both anti-estrogen and HER2-targeted therapies. The association between growth factors and breast cancer is well established. Over decades, numerous laboratories have studied the link between insulin-like growth factor (IGF), insulin, and growth hormone (GH) to the development and progression of breast cancer. RESULTS Although preclinical data demonstrates that blockade of these receptors inhibits breast cancer growth, progression, and drug resistance, therapies targeting the IGF, insulin, and GH receptors (GHRs) have not been successful in producing significant increases in progression-free, disease-free, or overall survival for patients with breast cancer. The failure to demonstrate a benefit of growth factor blockade in clinical trials can be attributed to redundancy in IGF, insulin, and GHR signaling pathways. All 3 receptors are able to activate oncogenic phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. CONCLUSION Consequently, multitargeted blockade of growth factor receptors and their common downstream kinases will be necessary for the successful treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Beckwith
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Douglas Yee
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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22
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Growth hormone receptor inhibition decreases the growth and metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Exp Mol Med 2014; 46:e117. [PMID: 25301264 PMCID: PMC4221692 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2014.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the only major cancer with very low survival rates (1%). It is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death. Hyperactivated growth hormone receptor (GHR) levels have been shown to increase the risk of cancer in general and this pathway is a master regulator of key cellular functions like proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, metastasis, etc. However, to date there is no available data on how GHR promotes pancreatic cancer pathogenesis. Here, we used an RNA interference approach targeted to GHR to determine whether targeting GHR is an effective method for controlling pancreatic cancer growth and metastasis. For this, we used an in vitro model system consisting of HPAC and PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells lines. GHR is upregulated in both of these cell lines and silencing GHR significantly reduced cell proliferation and viability. Inhibition of GHR also reduced the metastatic potential of pancreatic cancer cells, which was aided through decreased colony-forming ability and reduced invasiveness. Flow cytometric and western blot analyses revealed the induction of apoptosis in GHR silenced cells. GHR silencing affected phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/AKT, mitogen extracellular signal-regulated kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase, Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling, as well as, epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Interestingly, silencing GHR also suppressed the expression of insulin receptor-β and cyclo-oxygenease-2. Altogether, GHR silencing controls the growth and metastasis of pancreatic cancer and reveals its importance in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis.
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23
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Montales MTE, Melnyk SB, Simmen FA, Simmen RCM. Maternal metabolic perturbations elicited by high-fat diet promote Wnt-1-induced mammary tumor risk in adult female offspring via long-term effects on mammary and systemic phenotypes. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:2102-12. [PMID: 24832086 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many adult chronic diseases are thought to be influenced during early life by maternal nutrition; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Obesity-related diseases may be due partly to high fat consumption. Herein, we evaluated mammary tumor risk in female mouse mammary tumor virus-Wnt-1 transgenic (Tg) offspring exposed to high-fat diet (HFD) or control diet (CD) (45% and 17% kcal from fat, respectively) during gestation and lactation, with CD provided to progeny at weaning. In Tg offspring, maternal HFD exposure increased mammary tumor incidence and decreased tumor latency without affecting tumor volume. Tumor risk was associated with higher tumor necrosis factor-α and insulin and altered oxidative stress biomarkers in sera and with early changes in mammary expression of genes linked to tumor promotion [interleukin 6 (Il6)] or inhibition [phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (Pten), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2)]. Corresponding wild-type progeny exposed to maternal HFD displayed accelerated mammary development, higher mammary adiposity, increased insulin resistance and early changes in Pten, Bcl2 and Il6, than CD-exposed offspring. Dams-fed HFD showed higher serum glucose and oxidative stress biomarkers but comparable adiposity compared with CD-fed counterparts. In human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, sera from maternal HFD-exposed Tg offspring elicited changes in PTEN, BCL2 and IL6 gene expression, mimicking in vivo exposure; increased cell viability and mammosphere formation and induced measures [insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), IRS-2] of insulin sensitivity. Serum effects on IRS-1 were recapitulated by exogenous insulin and the PTEN-specific inhibitor SF1670. Hyperinsulinemia and PTEN loss-of-function may thus, couple maternal HFD exposure to enhanced insulin sensitivity via increased mammary IRS-1 expression in progeny, to promote breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Theresa E Montales
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Department of Pediatrics and Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Stepan B Melnyk
- Department of Pediatrics and Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Frank A Simmen
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Department of Pediatrics and Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Rosalia C M Simmen
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Department of Pediatrics and Arkansas Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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Malaguarnera R, Belfiore A. The emerging role of insulin and insulin-like growth factor signaling in cancer stem cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2014; 5:10. [PMID: 24550888 PMCID: PMC3912738 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells frequently exploit the IGF signaling, a fundamental pathway mediating development, cell growth, and survival. As a consequence, several components of the IGF signaling are deregulated in cancer and sustain cancer progression. However, specific targeting of IGF-IR in humans has resulted efficacious only in small subsets of cancers, making researches wondering whether IGF system targeting is still worth pursuing in the clinical setting. Although no definite answer is yet available, it has become increasingly clear that other components of the IGF signaling pathway, such as IR-A, may substitute for the lack of IGF-IR, and induce cancer resistance and/or clonal selection. Moreover, accumulating evidence now indicates that IGF signaling is a central player in the induction/maintenance of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell stemness, two strictly related programs, which play a key role in metastatic spread and resistance to cancer treatments. Here we review the evidences indicating that IGF signaling enhances the expression of transcription factors implicated in the EMT program and has extensive cross-talk with specific pathways involved in cell pluripotency and stemness maintenance. In turn, EMT and cell stemness activate positive feed-back mechanisms causing up-regulation of various IGF signaling components. These findings may have novel translational implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Malaguarnera
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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