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Noom A, Sawitzki B, Knaus P, Duda GN. A two-way street - cellular metabolism and myofibroblast contraction. NPJ Regen Med 2024; 9:15. [PMID: 38570493 PMCID: PMC10991391 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-024-00359-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue fibrosis is characterised by the high-energy consumption associated with myofibroblast contraction. Although myofibroblast contraction relies on ATP production, the role of cellular metabolism in myofibroblast contraction has not yet been elucidated. Studies have so far only focused on myofibroblast contraction regulators, such as integrin receptors, TGF-β and their shared transcription factor YAP/TAZ, in a fibroblast-myofibroblast transition setting. Additionally, the influence of the regulators on metabolism and vice versa have been described in this context. However, this has so far not yet been connected to myofibroblast contraction. This review focuses on the known and unknown of how cellular metabolism influences the processes leading to myofibroblast contraction and vice versa. We elucidate the signalling cascades responsible for myofibroblast contraction by looking at FMT regulators, mechanical cues, biochemical signalling, ECM properties and how they can influence and be influenced by cellular metabolism. By reviewing the existing knowledge on the link between cellular metabolism and the regulation of myofibroblast contraction, we aim to pinpoint gaps of knowledge and eventually help identify potential research targets to identify strategies that would allow switching tissue fibrosis towards tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Noom
- Julius Wolff Institute (JWI), Berlin Institute of Health and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Sawitzki
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt University of Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Center of Immunomics, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Knaus
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry - Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute (JWI), Berlin Institute of Health and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
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2
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Gupta A, Das D, Taneja R. Targeting Dysregulated Lipid Metabolism in Cancer with Pharmacological Inhibitors. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1313. [PMID: 38610991 PMCID: PMC11010992 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic plasticity is recognised as a hallmark of cancer cells, enabling adaptation to microenvironmental changes throughout tumour progression. A dysregulated lipid metabolism plays a pivotal role in promoting oncogenesis. Oncogenic signalling pathways, such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT, Hippo, and NF-kB, intersect with the lipid metabolism to drive tumour progression. Furthermore, altered lipid signalling in the tumour microenvironment contributes to immune dysfunction, exacerbating oncogenesis. This review examines the role of lipid metabolism in tumour initiation, invasion, metastasis, and cancer stem cell maintenance. We highlight cybernetic networks in lipid metabolism to uncover avenues for cancer diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Reshma Taneja
- Department of Physiology, Healthy Longevity and NUS Centre for Cancer Research Translation Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), 2 Medical Drive, MD9, Singapore 117593, Singapore
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Wang H, Zhang H, Hu S, Xu T, Yang Y, Cao M, Wei S, Song Y, Han J, Yin D. Insight into the differential toxicity of PFOA and PFBA based on a 3D-cultured MDA-MB-231 cell model. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133499. [PMID: 38219595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a category of high-concerned emerging contaminants which are suspected to correlate with various human adverse health outcomes including tumors. It is also a question whether short-chain PFASs are qualified alternatives under the regulation of long-chain PFASs. In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) culture system based on Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel matrix was used to investigate the impacts of 120-h perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) exposure of MDA-MB-231 cells. The results showed that PFOA exposure promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells in an environmentally relevant concentration range (0.1 to 10 μM), exhibiting a clear malignant-promoting risk. In contrast, PFBA only showed a trend to induce non-invasive cell migration. Hippo/YAP signaling pathway was identified as the contributor to the differences between the two PFASs. PFOA but PFBA reduced YAP phosphorylation and increased the nuclear content of YAP, which further facilitated abundant key factors of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Our results provided a new idea for the carcinogenicity of PFOA using a 3D-based paradigm. Although the effects by PFBA were much milder than PFOA in the current test duration, the cell model suitable for longer exposure is still necessary to better assess the safety of alternative short-chain PFASs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hongchang Zhang
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Shuangqing Hu
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Yiheng Yang
- Clinical Medicine Scientific and Technical Innovation Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Miao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yiqun Song
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jing Han
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Daqiang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
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Schiavoni G, Messina B, Scalera S, Memeo L, Colarossi C, Mare M, Blandino G, Ciliberto G, Bon G, Maugeri-Saccà M. Role of Hippo pathway dysregulation from gastrointestinal premalignant lesions to cancer. J Transl Med 2024; 22:213. [PMID: 38424512 PMCID: PMC10903154 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND First identified in Drosophila melanogaster, the Hippo pathway is considered a major regulatory cascade controlling tissue homeostasis and organ development. Hippo signaling components include kinases whose activity regulates YAP and TAZ final effectors. In response to upstream stimuli, YAP and TAZ control transcriptional programs involved in cell proliferation, cytoskeletal reorganization and stemness. MAIN TEXT While fine tuning of Hippo cascade components is essential for maintaining the balance between proliferative and non-proliferative signals, pathway signaling is frequently dysregulated in gastrointestinal cancers. Also, YAP/TAZ aberrant activation has been described in conditions characterized by chronic inflammation that precede cancer development, suggesting a role of Hippo effectors in triggering carcinogenesis. In this review, we summarize the architecture of the Hippo pathway and discuss the involvement of signaling cascade unbalances in premalignant lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, providing a focus on the underlying molecular mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS The biology of premalignant Hippo signaling dysregulation needs further investigation in order to elucidate the evolutionary trajectories triggering cancer inititation and develop effective early therapeutic strategies targeting the Hippo/YAP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Schiavoni
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Messina
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Scalera
- SAFU Laboratory, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Pathology Unit, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, Italy
| | | | - Marzia Mare
- Medical Oncology Unit, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Bon
- Cellular Network and Molecular Therapeutic Target Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Marcello Maugeri-Saccà
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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Inoue C, Mukai K, Matsudaira T, Nakayama J, Kono N, Aoki J, Arai H, Uchida Y, Taguchi T. PPP1R12A is a recycling endosomal phosphatase that facilitates YAP activation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19740. [PMID: 37957190 PMCID: PMC10643656 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a transcriptional coactivator that is essential for the malignancy of various cancers. We have previously shown that YAP activity is positively regulated by phosphatidylserine (PS) in recycling endosomes (REs). However, the mechanism by which YAP is activated by PS in REs remains unknown. In the present study, we examined a group of protein phosphatases (11 phosphatases) that we had identified previously as PS-proximity protein candidates. Knockdown experiments of these phosphatases suggested that PPP1R12A, a regulatory subunit of the myosin phosphatase complex, was essential for YAP-dependent proliferation of triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Knockdown of PPP1R12A increased the level of phosphorylated YAP, reduced that of YAP in the nucleus, and suppressed the transcription of CTGF (a YAP-regulated gene), reinforcing the role of PPP1R12A in YAP activation. ATP8A1 is a PS-flippase that concentrates PS in the cytosolic leaflet of the RE membrane and positively regulates YAP signalling. In subcellular fractionation experiments using cell lysates, PPP1R12A in control cells was recovered exclusively in the microsomal fraction. In contrast, a fraction of PPP1R12A in ATP8A1-depleted cells was recovered in the cytosolic fraction. Cohort data available from the Cancer Genome Atlas showed that high expression of PPP1R12A, PP1B encoding the catalytic subunit of the myosin phosphatase complex, or ATP8A1 correlated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. These results suggest that the "ATP8A1-PS-YAP phosphatase" axis in REs facilitates YAP activation and thus cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Inoue
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kojiro Mukai
- Laboratory of Organelle Pathophysiology, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Matsudaira
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Nakayama
- Laboratory of Integrative Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Oncogenesis and Growth Regulation, Research Institute, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nozomu Kono
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Arai
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunori Uchida
- Laboratory of Organelle Pathophysiology, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
- Division of Molecular Target and Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan.
| | - Tomohiko Taguchi
- Laboratory of Organelle Pathophysiology, Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
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Kofler M, Kapus A. Nuclear Import and Export of YAP and TAZ. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4956. [PMID: 37894323 PMCID: PMC10605228 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated Protein (YAP) and its paralog Transcriptional Coactivator with PDZ-binding Motif (TAZ) are major regulators of gene transcription/expression, primarily controlled by the Hippo pathway and the cytoskeleton. Integrating an array of chemical and mechanical signals, they impact growth, differentiation, and regeneration. Accordingly, they also play key roles in tumorigenesis and metastasis formation. Their activity is primarily regulated by their localization, that is, Hippo pathway- and/or cytoskeleton-controlled cytosolic or nuclear sequestration. While many details of such prevailing retention models have been elucidated, much less is known about their actual nuclear traffic: import and export. Although their size is not far from the cutoff for passive diffusion through the nuclear pore complex (NPC), and they do not contain any classic nuclear localization (NLS) or nuclear export signal (NES), evidence has been accumulating that their shuttling involves mediated and thus regulatable/targetable processes. The aim of this review is to summarize emerging information/concepts about their nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, encompassing the relevant structural requirements (NLS, NES), nuclear transport receptors (NTRs, karyophererins), and NPC components, along with the potential transport mechanisms and their regulation. While dissecting retention vs. transport is often challenging, the emerging picture suggests that YAP/TAZ shuttles across the NPC via multiple, non-exclusive, mediated mechanisms, constituting a novel and intriguing facet of YAP/TAZ biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kofler
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada;
| | - András Kapus
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada;
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
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Zhu N, Yang R, Wang X, Yuan L, Li X, Wei F, Zhang L. The Hippo signaling pathway: from multiple signals to the hallmarks of cancers. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023. [PMID: 36942989 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Evolutionarily conserved, the Hippo signaling pathway is critical in regulating organ size and tissue homeostasis. The activity of this pathway is tightly regulated under normal circumstances, since its physical function is precisely maintained to control the rate of cell proliferation. Failure of maintenance leads to a variety of tumors. Our understanding of the mechanism of Hippo dysregulation and tumorigenesis is becoming increasingly precise, relying on the emergence of upstream inhibitor or activator and the connection linking Hippo target genes, mutations, and related signaling pathways with phenotypes. In this review, we summarize recent reports on the signaling network of the Hippo pathway in tumorigenesis and progression by exploring its critical mechanisms in cancer biology and potential targeting in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ruizeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Liang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
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8
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Kim KI, Kim SM, Lee YY, Lee Y, Kim CD, Yoon TJ. Pitavastatin Induces Apoptosis of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells through Geranylgeranyl Pyrophosphate-Dependent c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Activation. Ann Dermatol 2023; 35:116-123. [PMID: 37041705 PMCID: PMC10112368 DOI: 10.5021/ad.22.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pitavastatin is a cholesterol-lowering drug and is widely used clinically. In addition to this effect, pitavastatin has shown the potential to induce apoptosis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects and possible action mechanisms of pitavastatin. METHODS SCC cells (SCC12 and SCC13 cells) were treated with pitavastatin, and induction of apoptosis was confirmed by Western blot. To examine whether pitavastatin-induced apoptosis is related to a decrease in the amount of intermediate mediators in the cholesterol synthesis pathway, the changes in pitavastatin-induced apoptosis after supplementation with mevalonate, squalene, geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) and dolichol were investigated. RESULTS Pitavastatin dose-dependently induced apoptosis of cutaneous SCC cells, but the viability of normal keratinocytes was not affected by pitavastatin at the same concentrations. In supplementation experiments, pitavastatin-induced apoptosis was inhibited by the addition of mevalonate or downstream metabolite GGPP. As a result of examining the effect on intracellular signaling, pitavastatin decreased Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator and Ras homolog family member A and increased Rac family small GTPase 1 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity. All these effects of pitavastatin on signaling molecules were restored when supplemented with either mevalonate or GGPP. Furthermore, pitavastatin-induced apoptosis of cutaneous SCC cells was inhibited by a JNK inhibitor. CONCLUSION These results suggest that pitavastatin induces apoptosis of cutaneous SCC cells through GGPP-dependent JNK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Il Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Dermatology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
| | - Seung-Mee Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young-Yoon Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Young Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chang-Deok Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Yoon
- Department of Dermatology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea
- Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, Jinju, Korea
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Abolghasemi R, Ebrahimi-Barough S, Mohamadnia A, Ai J. Synergistic inhibitory effect of human umbilical cord matrix mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium and atorvastatin on MCF7 cancer cells viability and migration. Cell Tissue Bank 2022; 23:767-789. [PMID: 34988840 PMCID: PMC8730305 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-021-09984-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated inhibitory effects of mesenchymal stem cells on breast tumors. Likewise, the emerging interest in statins as anticancer agents is based on their pleiotropic effects. In the present study, we investigated whether atorvastatin and umbilical cord matrix derived mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium affect the MCF7 cancer cells viability and interactions. We measured the viability of MCF7 cancer cells by MTT assay, flow cytometry, and quantitative real-time PCR. Two-dimensional culture and hanging drop aggregation assay illustrated the morphological changes. We traced the MCF7 migration via scratch-wound healing test and trans-well assay. The results showed the inhibition of cancer cell viability in all treated groups compared to the control group. The effect of atorvastatin and conditioned medium combination was significantly more than each substance separately. The morphological changes indicated apoptosis in treated cells. The annexin V/PI flow cytometry especially in the combination-treated group displayed decreasing in DNA synthesis and cell cycle arrest in G1 and G2/M phases. As well, the mRNA expressions of caspases 3, 8, 9, and Bcl-2 genes were along with extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways. Conditioned medium disrupted the connections between cancer cells, so the spheroids in three-dimensional configuration lost their order and dispersed. The migration of treated cells across the wound area and trans-well diminished, particularly by the conditioned medium and atorvastatin combination. There fore, the synergistic anti-proliferative and anti-motility effect of atorvastatin along with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived conditioned medium on MCF7 breast cancer cells have been proved. The results might lead the development of novel adjuvant anticancer therapeutics based on targeting or modifying the extracellular matrix to increase chemotherapy results or to prevent metastatic colonization. Schematic representation of "Synergistic Inhibitory Effect of Human Umbilical Cord Matrix Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Conditioned Medium and Atorvastatin on MCF7 Cancer Cells Viablity and Migration" by: Dr. Reyhaneh Abolghasemi, Dr. Somayeh Ebrahimi-barough, Proffesor. Jafar Ai.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Abolghasemi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Ebrahimi-Barough
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Mohamadnia
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Fu M, Hu Y, Lan T, Guan KL, Luo T, Luo M. The Hippo signalling pathway and its implications in human health and diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:376. [PMID: 36347846 PMCID: PMC9643504 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01191-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As an evolutionarily conserved signalling network, the Hippo pathway plays a crucial role in the regulation of numerous biological processes. Thus, substantial efforts have been made to understand the upstream signals that influence the activity of the Hippo pathway, as well as its physiological functions, such as cell proliferation and differentiation, organ growth, embryogenesis, and tissue regeneration/wound healing. However, dysregulation of the Hippo pathway can cause a variety of diseases, including cancer, eye diseases, cardiac diseases, pulmonary diseases, renal diseases, hepatic diseases, and immune dysfunction. Therefore, therapeutic strategies that target dysregulated Hippo components might be promising approaches for the treatment of a wide spectrum of diseases. Here, we review the key components and upstream signals of the Hippo pathway, as well as the critical physiological functions controlled by the Hippo pathway. Additionally, diseases associated with alterations in the Hippo pathway and potential therapies targeting Hippo components will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyang Fu
- Breast Disease Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, South of Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology Nursing, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianxia Lan
- Breast Disease Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, South of Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ting Luo
- Breast Disease Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, South of Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Min Luo
- Breast Disease Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, South of Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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Krasniqi E, Di Lisa FS, Di Benedetto A, Barba M, Pizzuti L, Filomeno L, Ercolani C, Tinari N, Grassadonia A, Santini D, Minelli M, Montemurro F, Fabbri MA, Mazzotta M, Gamucci T, D’Auria G, Botti C, Pelle F, Cavicchi F, Cappelli S, Cappuzzo F, Sanguineti G, Tomao S, Botticelli A, Marchetti P, Maugeri-Saccà M, De Maria R, Ciliberto G, Sperati F, Vici P. The Impact of the Hippo Pathway and Cell Metabolism on Pathological Complete Response in Locally Advanced Her2+ Breast Cancer: The TRISKELE Multicenter Prospective Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194835. [PMID: 36230758 PMCID: PMC9563553 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway and its two key effectors, Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), are consistently altered in breast cancer. Pivotal regulators of cell metabolism such as the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Stearoyl-CoA-desaturase 1 (SCD1), and HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) are relevant modulators of TAZ/YAP activity. In this prospective study, we measured the tumor expression of TAZ, YAP, AMPK, SCD1, and HMGCR by immunohistochemistry in 65 Her2+ breast cancer patients who underwent trastuzumab-based neoadjuvant treatment. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the immunohistochemical expression of the Hippo pathway transducers and cell metabolism regulators on pathological complete response. Low expression of cytoplasmic TAZ, both alone and in the context of a composite signature identified by machine learning including also low nuclear levels of YAP and HMGCR and high cytoplasmic levels of SCD1, was a predictor of residual disease in the univariate logistic regression. This finding was not confirmed in the multivariate model including estrogen receptor > 70% and body mass index > 20. However, our findings were concordant with overall survival data from the TCGA cohort. Our results, possibly affected by the relatively small sample size of this study population, deserve further investigation in adequately sized, ad hoc prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriseld Krasniqi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sofia Di Lisa
- Phase IV Clinical Studies Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Di Benedetto
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Maddalena Barba
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: or (M.B.); (C.E.); Tel.: +39-0652666762 (M.B.); +39-0652666134 (C.E.)
| | - Laura Pizzuti
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorena Filomeno
- Phase IV Clinical Studies Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiana Ercolani
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: or (M.B.); (C.E.); Tel.: +39-0652666762 (M.B.); +39-0652666134 (C.E.)
| | - Nicola Tinari
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G. D’Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonino Grassadonia
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), G. D’Annunzio University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Daniele Santini
- “Sapienza” University of Rome, Polo Pontino, 04011 Aprilia, Italy
| | - Mauro Minelli
- Division of Oncology, San Giovanni Hospital, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Montemurro
- Breast Unit, Candiolo Cancer Institute, Fondazione del Piemonte per l’Oncologia-IRCCS (Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | | | - Marco Mazzotta
- Medical Oncology Unit, Belcolle Hospital, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Teresa Gamucci
- Medical Oncology, Sandro Pertini Hospital, 00157 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Botti
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Pelle
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Cavicchi
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Cappelli
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Cappuzzo
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sanguineti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Silverio Tomao
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Botticelli
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Marchetti
- Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Maugeri-Saccà
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, IRCCS (Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sperati
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Vici
- Phase IV Clinical Studies Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
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12
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Wang Y, Chen H, Yu J, Kang W, To KF. Recent insight into the role and therapeutic potential of YAP/TAZ in gastrointestinal cancers. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188787. [PMID: 36041574 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of cancer treatment, gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are still the most prevalent malignancies with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Dysregulation of the Hippo signaling pathway has been recognized to play a critical role during cancer development and adopted for monitoring disease progression and therapy response. Despite the well-documented tumor proliferation and metastasis, recent efforts in two core Hippo components, Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), have identified as the driving forces behind cancer metabolism, stemness, tumor immunity, and therapy resistance. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which YAP/TAZ facilitates the tumorigenesis and progression of GI cancer, and identifying novel therapeutic strategies for targeting YAP/TAZ are crucial to GI cancer treatment and prevention. In this study, we summarize the latest findings on the function and regulatory mechanisms of YAP/TAZ in GI cancers, and highlight the translational significance of targeting YAP/TAZ for cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Wang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Huarong Chen
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| | - Ka Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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13
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Kuo YZ, Kang YR, Chang WL, Sim LCL, Hsieh TC, Chang CH, Wang YC, Tsai CJ, Huang LC, Tsai ST, Wu LW. YAP1 acts as a negative regulator of pro-tumor TAZ expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Oncol 2022; 45:893-909. [PMID: 35930163 PMCID: PMC9579103 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although YAP1 and TAZ are believed to be equivalent downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway, differential expression of YAP1 or TAZ suggests distinct functions during cancer progression. The exact role of YAP1 and TAZ in esophageal cancer, the 6th leading cancer-related mortality in the world, remains elusive. Methods Following single or double manipulation of YAP1 or TAZ expression, we subjected these manipulated cells to proliferation, migration, invasion, and xenograft tumorigenesis assays. We used RT-qPCR and Western blotting to examine their expression in the manipulated cells with or without inhibition of transcription or translation. We also examined the impact of YAP1 or TAZ deregulation on clinical outcome of esophageal cancer patients from the TCGA database. Results We found that YAP1 functions as a tumor suppressor whereas TAZ exerts pro-tumor functions in esophageal cancer cells. We also found a significant increase in TAZ mRNA expression upon YAP1 depletion, but not vice versa, despite the downregulation of CTGF and CYR61, shared targets of YAP1 and TAZ, in xenografted tissue cells. In addition to transcriptional regulation, YAP1-mediated TAZ expression was found to occur via protein synthesis. Restored TAZ expression mitigated YAP1-mediated suppression of cellular behavior. By contrast, TAZ silencing reduced the promoting effect exerted by YAP1 depletion on cellular behaviors. The observed anti-tumor function of YAP1 was further supported by a better overall survival among esophageal cancer patients with a high YAP1 expression. Conclusion From our data we conclude that YAP1 functions as a suppressor and negatively regulates pro-tumor TAZ expression via transcriptional and translational control in esophageal cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13402-022-00695-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zih Kuo
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ya-Rong Kang
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Lun Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Lydia Chin-Ling Sim
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tzu-Chin Hsieh
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chu-Han Chang
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ching Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ching-Jung Tsai
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Li-Chun Huang
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Sen-Tien Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Li-Wha Wu
- Institutes of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Department of Laboratory Science and Technology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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14
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Dubois F, Bazille C, Levallet J, Maille E, Brosseau S, Madelaine J, Bergot E, Zalcman G, Levallet G. Molecular Alterations in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Hope for Effective Treatment by Targeting YAP. Target Oncol 2022; 17:407-431. [PMID: 35906513 PMCID: PMC9345804 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-022-00900-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive neoplasm, which has primarily been attributed to the exposure to asbestos fibers (83% of cases); yet, despite a ban of using asbestos in many countries, the incidence of malignant pleural mesothelioma failed to decline worldwide. While little progress has been made in malignant pleural mesothelioma diagnosis, bevacizumab at first, then followed by double immunotherapy (nivolumab plus ipilumumab), were all shown to improve survival in large phase III randomized trials. The morphological analysis of the histological subtyping remains the primary indicator for therapeutic decision making at an advanced disease stage, while a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen combined with pemetrexed, either with or without bevacizumab, is still the main treatment option. Consequently, malignant pleural mesothelioma still represents a significant health concern owing to poor median survival (12-18 months). Given this context, both diagnosis and therapy improvements require better knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying malignant pleural mesothelioma's carcinogenesis and progression. Hence, the Hippo pathway in malignant pleural mesothelioma initiation and progression has recently received increasing attention, as the aberrant expression of its core components may be closely related to patient prognosis. The purpose of this review was to provide a critical analysis of our current knowledge on these topics, the main focus being on the available evidence concerning the role of each Hippo pathway's member as a promising biomarker, enabling detection of the disease at earlier stages and thus improving prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatéméh Dubois
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France.,Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France.,Federative Structure of Cyto-Molecular Oncogenetics (SF-MOCAE), CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Céline Bazille
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France.,Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Jérôme Levallet
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France
| | - Elodie Maille
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France
| | - Solenn Brosseau
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and CIC1425, Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,U830 INSERM "Genetics and Biology of Cancers, A.R.T Group", Curie Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jeannick Madelaine
- Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Emmanuel Bergot
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France.,Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Gérard Zalcman
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and CIC1425, Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,U830 INSERM "Genetics and Biology of Cancers, A.R.T Group", Curie Institute, Paris, France
| | - Guénaëlle Levallet
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France. .,Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France. .,Federative Structure of Cyto-Molecular Oncogenetics (SF-MOCAE), CHU de Caen, Caen, France.
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15
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Buchou C, Laud-Duval K, van der Ent W, Grossetête S, Zaidi S, Gentric G, Corbé M, Müller K, Del Nery E, Surdez D, Delattre O. Upregulation of the Mevalonate Pathway through EWSR1-FLI1/EGR2 Regulatory Axis Confers Ewing Cells Exquisite Sensitivity to Statins. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092327. [PMID: 35565457 PMCID: PMC9100622 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The objective of this project was to search for new dependencies in Ewing sarcoma, a deadly disease for which new therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. A pharmacological screening of off-patent approved drugs (FDA agency) and the investigation of downstream targets of EGR2 were performed. The two approaches showed the MVA pathway as a major dependency in Ewing sarcoma and statin, an inhibitor of this pathway, as a potential new therapeutic agent for the treatment of Ewing sarcoma. Abstract Ewing sarcoma (EwS) is an aggressive primary bone cancer in children and young adults characterized by oncogenic fusions between genes encoding FET-RNA-binding proteins and ETS transcription factors, the most frequent fusion being EWSR1-FLI1. We show that EGR2, an Ewing-susceptibility gene and an essential direct target of EWSR1-FLI1, directly regulates the transcription of genes encoding key enzymes of the mevalonate (MVA) pathway. Consequently, Ewing sarcoma is one of the tumors that expresses the highest levels of mevalonate pathway genes. Moreover, genome-wide screens indicate that MVA pathway genes constitute major dependencies of Ewing cells. Accordingly, the statin inhibitors of HMG-CoA-reductase, a rate-limiting enzyme of the MVA pathway, demonstrate cytotoxicity in EwS. Statins induce increased ROS and lipid peroxidation levels, as well as decreased membrane localization of prenylated proteins, such as small GTP proteins. These metabolic effects lead to an alteration in the dynamics of S-phase progression and to apoptosis. Statin-induced effects can be rescued by downstream products of the MVA pathway. Finally, we further show that statins impair tumor growth in different Ewing PDX models. Altogether, the data show that statins, which are off-patent, well-tolerated, and inexpensive compounds, should be strongly considered in the therapeutic arsenal against this deadly childhood disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Buchou
- INSERM U830, Équipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity & Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Laboratory, PSL Research University, SIREDO Oncology Center, Institut Curie Research Center, 26 rue d’ULM, 75005 Paris, France; (C.B.); (K.L.-D.); (W.v.d.E.); (S.G.); (S.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Karine Laud-Duval
- INSERM U830, Équipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity & Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Laboratory, PSL Research University, SIREDO Oncology Center, Institut Curie Research Center, 26 rue d’ULM, 75005 Paris, France; (C.B.); (K.L.-D.); (W.v.d.E.); (S.G.); (S.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Wietske van der Ent
- INSERM U830, Équipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity & Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Laboratory, PSL Research University, SIREDO Oncology Center, Institut Curie Research Center, 26 rue d’ULM, 75005 Paris, France; (C.B.); (K.L.-D.); (W.v.d.E.); (S.G.); (S.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Sandrine Grossetête
- INSERM U830, Équipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity & Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Laboratory, PSL Research University, SIREDO Oncology Center, Institut Curie Research Center, 26 rue d’ULM, 75005 Paris, France; (C.B.); (K.L.-D.); (W.v.d.E.); (S.G.); (S.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Sakina Zaidi
- INSERM U830, Équipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity & Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Laboratory, PSL Research University, SIREDO Oncology Center, Institut Curie Research Center, 26 rue d’ULM, 75005 Paris, France; (C.B.); (K.L.-D.); (W.v.d.E.); (S.G.); (S.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Géraldine Gentric
- INSERM U830, Équipe Labellisée LNCC, Stress and Cancer Laboratory, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, 26 rue d’ULM, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Maxime Corbé
- Department of Translational Research, The Biophenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, 26 rue d’ULM, 75005 Paris, France; (M.C.); (K.M.); (E.D.N.)
| | - Kévin Müller
- Department of Translational Research, The Biophenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, 26 rue d’ULM, 75005 Paris, France; (M.C.); (K.M.); (E.D.N.)
| | - Elaine Del Nery
- Department of Translational Research, The Biophenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, PSL Research University, Institut Curie Research Center, 26 rue d’ULM, 75005 Paris, France; (M.C.); (K.M.); (E.D.N.)
| | - Didier Surdez
- INSERM U830, Équipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity & Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Laboratory, PSL Research University, SIREDO Oncology Center, Institut Curie Research Center, 26 rue d’ULM, 75005 Paris, France; (C.B.); (K.L.-D.); (W.v.d.E.); (S.G.); (S.Z.); (D.S.)
- Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Delattre
- INSERM U830, Équipe Labellisée LNCC, Diversity & Plasticity of Childhood Tumors Laboratory, PSL Research University, SIREDO Oncology Center, Institut Curie Research Center, 26 rue d’ULM, 75005 Paris, France; (C.B.); (K.L.-D.); (W.v.d.E.); (S.G.); (S.Z.); (D.S.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Huo M, Zhang J, Huang W, Wang Y. Interplay Among Metabolism, Epigenetic Modifications, and Gene Expression in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:793428. [PMID: 35004688 PMCID: PMC8740611 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.793428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications and metabolism are two fundamental biological processes. During tumorigenesis and cancer development both epigenetic and metabolic alterations occur and are often intertwined together. Epigenetic modifications contribute to metabolic reprogramming by modifying the transcriptional regulation of metabolic enzymes, which is crucial for glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. Metabolites provide substrates for epigenetic modifications, including histone modification (methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation), DNA and RNA methylation and non-coding RNAs. Simultaneously, some metabolites can also serve as substrates for nonhistone post-translational modifications that have an impact on the development of tumors. And metabolic enzymes also regulate epigenetic modifications independent of their metabolites. In addition, metabolites produced by gut microbiota influence host metabolism. Understanding the crosstalk among metabolism, epigenetic modifications, and gene expression in cancer may help researchers explore the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and progression to metastasis, thereby provide strategies for the prevention and therapy of cancer. In this review, we summarize the progress in the understanding of the interactions between cancer metabolism and epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Huo
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cancer and Microbiome, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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17
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Vigneau AL, Rico C, Boerboom D, Paquet M. Statins downregulate YAP and TAZ and exert anti-cancer effects in canine mammary tumour cells. Vet Comp Oncol 2021; 20:437-448. [PMID: 34881506 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Canine mammary tumours (CMTs) are the most common neoplasms in intact bitches, and few chemotherapeutic options are available for highly invasive and metastatic tumours. Recent studies have shown the potential involvement of dysregulated Hippo signalling in CMT development and progression. Statins can activate the Hippo pathway by blocking protein geranylgeranylation (GGylation), resulting in decreased expression and activity of the transcriptional co-activators YAP and TAZ. In this study, we therefore sought to determine if statins could exert anti-cancer effects in CMT cells. Our results demonstrate that Atorvastatin and Fluvastatin are cytotoxic to two CMT cell lines (CMT9 and CMT47), with ED50 values ranging from 0.95 to 23.5 μM. Both statins acted to increase apoptosis and promote cell cycle arrest. Both statins also decreased YAP and TAZ expression and reduced the mRNA levels of key Hippo transcriptional target genes known to be involved in breast cancer progression and chemoresistance (CYR61, CTGF and RHAMM). Moreover, both statins effectively inhibited cell migration and anchorage independent growth, but did not influence matrix invasion. Taken together, our results demonstrate for the first time that statins act upon the Hippo pathway in CMT cells to counteract several molecular and cellular hallmarks of cancer. These findings suggest that targeting the Hippo pathway with statins represents a novel and promising approach for the treatment canine mammary gland cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laurence Vigneau
- Département de Pathologie et de Microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Charlène Rico
- Département de Biomédecine Vétérinaire, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Derek Boerboom
- Département de Biomédecine Vétérinaire, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marilène Paquet
- Département de Pathologie et de Microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
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Sun A, Zhu J, Xia S, Li Y, Wu T, Shao G, Yang W, Lin Q. MEKK5 Interacts with and Negatively Regulates the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase NEDD4 for Mediating Lung Cancer Cell Migration. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11111153. [PMID: 34833029 PMCID: PMC8620495 DOI: 10.3390/life11111153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that the HECT E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 and kinase MEKK5 both play an essential role in lung cancer migration. A report predicts that MEKK5 may be ubiquitinated by NEDD4; however, interaction of MEKK5 with NEDD4 and ubiquitination of MEKK5 by NEDD4 have not been characterized. In this report, we show that NEDD4 interacts with MEKK5 through a conserved WW3 domain by the co-immunoprecipitation and the GST-pulldown assays. The ubiquitination assay indicates that MEKK5 is not a ubiquitination substrate of NEDD4, but negatively regulates NEDD4-mediated ubiquitination. Furthermore, overexpression of MEKK5 significantly reduced the NEDD4-promoted lung cancer cell migration. Taken together, our studies have defined an inhibitory role of MEKK5 in regulation of NEDD4-mediated ubiquitination.
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19
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Yuan JQ, Zhang KJ, Wang SM, Guo L. YAP1/MMP7/CXCL16 axis affects efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy via tumor environment immunosuppression in triple-negative breast cancer. Gland Surg 2021; 10:2799-2814. [PMID: 34733729 PMCID: PMC8514296 DOI: 10.21037/gs-21-612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the association of potential YAP1/MMP7/CXCL16 axis and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) related chemo-response in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. METHODS We estimated the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), MMP7, and CXCL16 in paired TNBC tumor/para-tumor tissues by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and performed statistical analysis according to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) response. Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, we noticed outstanding expression of MMP7/CXCL16 in TNBC cases, as well as associations between MMP7/CXCL16 and HIPPO-YAP1-relevant kinases. We also performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) between MMP7/CXCL16 and YAP1-associated pathways. Western blotting assay was employed to evaluate YAP1/MMP7/CXCL16 expression in vitro and their modulation sequence. Logistic model stepwise regression analysis was used to assess YAP1, MMP7, CXCL16, and TILs as therapeutic predictors. Residual cancer burden (RCB) score was calculated and statistically analyzed according to intensity of these variables, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve also showed their predictive value in NAC response. Recruitment efficacy for CD4+/CD8+ TIL cells (TCGA data) as well as quantified TIL cells density were both explored according to YAP1, MMP7, and CXCL16 expression level. RESULTS Up-regulation of YAP1/MMP7 and down-regulation of CXCL16 were both significant in TNBC cases with poor NAC response. Inhibition of YAP1 induced down-regulation of MMP7 and up-regulation of CXCL16, whereas inhibition of MMP7 also induced up-regulation of CXCL16. It was also shown that MMP7/CXCL16 was enriched in the YAP1-related pathway. Activation of the YAP1/MMP7/CXCL16 axis obviously affected RCB of TNBC cases. The ROC curve also supported the predictive value of YAP1/MMP7/CXCL16 axis and TILs density in NAC response prospect. The density of TILs, meanwhile, demonstrated a strong link with the YAP1/MMP7/CXCL16 axis. Over expression of YAP1/MMP7 significantly suppressed recruitment of CD4+/CD8+ TILs, while CXCL16 over expression had a beneficial impact on anti-tumor immune. CONCLUSIONS Over expression of causes up-regulation of MMP7 and down-regulation of CXCL16, which suppressed CD4+/CD8+ TILs recruitment and indirectly affected NAC response of TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Yuan
- Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer Control and Prevention in Hunan Province, Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke-Jing Zhang
- Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer Control and Prevention in Hunan Province, Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shou-Man Wang
- Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer Control and Prevention in Hunan Province, Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer Control and Prevention in Hunan Province, Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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20
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Yong J, Li Y, Lin S, Wang Z, Xu Y. Inhibitors Targeting YAP in Gastric Cancer: Current Status and Future Perspectives. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:2445-2456. [PMID: 34140763 PMCID: PMC8203099 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s308377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers globally, threatening global health. The deregulation of the Hippo signaling pathway has been discovered in GC and may be related to cancer development, proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance. Yes-associated protein (YAP), as a downstream effector of the Hippo signaling pathway and a crucial co-transcription factor in the nucleus, is a promising and vital potential drug target for the treatment of GC. A series of drugs or compounds that inhibit YAP has been developed or confirmed. Therefore, this review will focus on summarizing the drugs and small-molecule inhibitors that have been reported to inhibit YAP and discuss the clinical prospects of YAP inhibitors in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Yong
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Sihan Lin
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, People's Republic of China
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21
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Chong D, Chen Z, Guan S, Zhang T, Xu N, Zhao Y, Li C. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate-mediated protein geranylgeranylation regulates endothelial cell proliferation and apoptosis during vasculogenesis in mouse embryo. J Genet Genomics 2021; 48:300-311. [PMID: 34049800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Vascular development is essential for the establishment of the circulatory system during embryonic development and requires the proliferation of endothelial cells. However, the underpinning regulatory mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we report that geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), a metabolite involved in protein geranylgeranylation, plays an indispensable role in embryonic vascular development. GGPP is synthesized by geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (GGPPS) in the mevalonate pathway. The selective knockout of Ggpps in endothelial cells led to aberrant vascular development and embryonic lethality, resulting from the decreased proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of endothelial cells during vasculogenesis. The defect in protein geranylgeranylation induced by GGPP depletion inhibited the membrane localization of RhoA and enhanced yes-associated protein (YAP) phosphorylation, thereby prohibiting the entry of YAP into the nucleus and the expression of YAP target genes related to cell proliferation and the antiapoptosis process. Moreover, inhibition of the mevalonate pathway by simvastatin induced endothelial cell proliferation defects and apoptosis, which were ameliorated by GGPP. Geranylgeraniol (GGOH), a precursor of GGPP, ameliorated the harmful effects of simvastatin on vascular development of developing fetuses in pregnant mice. These results indicate that GGPP-mediated protein geranylgeranylation is essential for endothelial cell proliferation and the antiapoptosis process during embryonic vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Chong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center and School of Medicine, Nanjing University, National Resource Center for Mutant Mice, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center and School of Medicine, Nanjing University, National Resource Center for Mutant Mice, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Shan Guan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center and School of Medicine, Nanjing University, National Resource Center for Mutant Mice, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Tongyu Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center and School of Medicine, Nanjing University, National Resource Center for Mutant Mice, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Na Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center and School of Medicine, Nanjing University, National Resource Center for Mutant Mice, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center and School of Medicine, Nanjing University, National Resource Center for Mutant Mice, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Chaojun Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center and School of Medicine, Nanjing University, National Resource Center for Mutant Mice, Nanjing 210093, China.
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22
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Driskill JH, Zheng Y, Wu BK, Wang L, Cai J, Rakheja D, Dellinger M, Pan D. WWTR1(TAZ)-CAMTA1 reprograms endothelial cells to drive epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. Genes Dev 2021; 35:495-511. [PMID: 33766984 PMCID: PMC8015719 DOI: 10.1101/gad.348221.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Driskill et al. studied whether the TAZ-CAMTA1 gene fusion is a driver of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE), a poorly understood and devastating vascular cancer. They show that TAZ-CAMTA1 expression in endothelial cells is sufficient to drive the formation of vascular tumors with the distinctive features of EHE, and inhibition of TAZ-CAMTA1 results in the regression of these vascular tumors, and their findings provide the first genetic model of a TAZ fusion oncoprotein driving its associated human cancer, pinpointing TAZ-CAMTA1 as the key driver and a valid therapeutic target of EHE. Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a poorly understood and devastating vascular cancer. Sequencing of EHE has revealed a unique gene fusion between the Hippo pathway nuclear effector TAZ (WWTR1) and the brain-enriched transcription factor CAMTA1 in ∼90% of cases. However, it remains unclear whether the TAZ-CAMTA1 gene fusion is a driver of EHE, and potential targeted therapies are unknown. Here, we show that TAZ-CAMTA1 expression in endothelial cells is sufficient to drive the formation of vascular tumors with the distinctive features of EHE, and inhibition of TAZ-CAMTA1 results in the regression of these vascular tumors. We further show that activated TAZ resembles TAZ-CAMTA1 in driving the formation of EHE-like vascular tumors, suggesting that constitutive activation of TAZ underlies the pathological features of EHE. We show that TAZ-CAMTA1 initiates an angiogenic and regenerative-like transcriptional program in endothelial cells, and disruption of the TAZ-CAMTA1-TEAD interaction or ectopic expression of a dominant negative TEAD in vivo inhibits TAZ-CAMTA1-mediated transformation. Our study provides the first genetic model of a TAZ fusion oncoprotein driving its associated human cancer, pinpointing TAZ-CAMTA1 as the key driver and a valid therapeutic target of EHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan H Driskill
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Yonggang Zheng
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Bo-Kuan Wu
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Dinesh Rakheja
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Health, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | - Michael Dellinger
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.,Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Duojia Pan
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
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23
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Zheng F, Chen Z, Tang QL, Chong DY, Zhang TY, Gu YY, Hu ZB, Li CJ. Cholesterol metabolic enzyme Ggpps regulates epicardium development and ventricular wall architecture integrity in mice. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 13:445-454. [PMID: 33760044 PMCID: PMC8436696 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjab019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During embryonic heart development, the progenitor cells in the epicardium would migrate and differentiate into noncardiomyocytes in myocardium and affect the integrity of ventricular wall, but the underlying mechanism has not been well studied. We have found that myocardium geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (Ggpps), a metabolic enzyme for cholesterol biosynthesis, is critical for cardiac cytoarchitecture remodelling during heart development. Here, we further reveal that epicardial Ggpps could also regulate ventricular wall architecture integrity. Epicardium-specific deletion of Ggpps before embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5) is embryonic lethal, whereas after E13.5 is survival but with defects in the epicardium and ventricular wall structure. Ggpps deficiency in the epicardium enhances the proliferation of epicardial cells and disrupts cell‒cell contact, which makes epicardial cells easier to invade into ventricular wall. Thus, the fibroblast proliferation and coronary formation in myocardium were found enhanced that might disturb the coronary vasculature remodelling and ventricular wall integrity. These processes might be associated with the activation of YAP signalling, whose nuclear distribution is blocked by Ggpps deletion. In conclusion, our findings reveal a potential link between the cholesterol metabolism and heart epicardium and myocardium development in mammals, which might provide a new view of the cause for congenital heart diseases and potential therapeutic target in pathological cardiac conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zheng
- Model Animal Research Centre, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Resource Centre for Mutant Mice, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Model Animal Research Centre, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Resource Centre for Mutant Mice, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qiao-Li Tang
- Model Animal Research Centre, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Resource Centre for Mutant Mice, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Dan-Yang Chong
- Model Animal Research Centre, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Resource Centre for Mutant Mice, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Tong-Yu Zhang
- Model Animal Research Centre, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Resource Centre for Mutant Mice, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ya-Yun Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Centre for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Centre for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Model Animal Research Centre, Medical School of Nanjing University, National Resource Centre for Mutant Mice, Nanjing 210093, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Centre for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China
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24
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Marikawa Y, Menor M, Deng Y, Alarcon VB. Regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and trophectoderm lineage specification by the mevalonate pathway in the mouse preimplantation embryo. Mol Hum Reprod 2021; 27:6156636. [PMID: 33677573 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaab015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Early embryos are vulnerable to environmental insults, such as medications taken by the mother. Due to increasing prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, more women of childbearing potential are taking cholesterol-lowering medications called statins. Previously, we showed that inhibition of the mevalonate pathway by statins impaired mouse preimplantation development, by modulating HIPPO signaling, a key regulator for trophectoderm (TE) lineage specification. Here, we further evaluated molecular events that are altered by mevalonate pathway inhibition during the timeframe of morphogenesis and cell lineage specification. Whole transcriptome analysis revealed that statin treatment dysregulated gene expression underlying multiple processes, including cholesterol biosynthesis, HIPPO signaling, cell lineage specification and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. We explored mechanisms that link the mevalonate pathway to ER stress, because of its potential impact on embryonic health and development. Upregulation of ER stress-responsive genes was inhibited when statin-treated embryos were supplemented with the mevalonate pathway product, geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP). Inhibition of geranylgeranylation was sufficient to upregulate ER stress-responsive genes. However, ER stress-responsive genes were not upregulated by inhibition of ras homolog family member A (RHOA), a geranylgeranylation target, although it interfered with TE specification and blastocyst cavity formation. In contrast, inhibition of Rac family small GTPase 1 (RAC1), another geranylgeranylation target, upregulated ER stress-responsive genes, while it did not impair TE specification or cavity formation. Thus, our study suggests that the mevalonate pathway regulates cellular homeostasis (ER stress repression) and differentiation (TE lineage specification) in preimplantation embryos through GGPP-dependent activation of two distinct small GTPases, RAC1 and RHOA, respectively. Translation of the findings to human embryos and clinical settings requires further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Marikawa
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry and Physiology, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Mark Menor
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Youping Deng
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Vernadeth B Alarcon
- Institute for Biogenesis Research, Department of Anatomy, Biochemistry and Physiology, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
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25
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Cholesterol activates the Wnt/PCP-YAP signaling in SOAT1-targeted treatment of colon cancer. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:38. [PMID: 33637695 PMCID: PMC7910478 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00421-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular free cholesterol can be converted to cholesteryl ester and stored as lipid droplets through SOAT1-mediated esterification. Compelling evidence implicate targeting SOAT1 as a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer management. Herein, we demonstrate how targeting SOAT1 promotes YAP expression by elevating cellular cholesterol content in colon cancer cells. Results revealed that cholesterol alleviates the inhibitory effect of LRP6 on the Wnt/PCP pathway by impeding the interaction of LRP6 with FZD7. Subsequently, FZD7-mediated PCP signaling directly elevated YAP expression by activating RhoA. Nystatin-mediated cholesterol sequestration significantly inhibited YAP expression under SOAT1 inhibition. Moreover, nystatin synergized with the SOAT1 inhibitor avasimibe in suppressing the viability of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The present study provides new mechanistic insights into the functions of cholesterol metabolism on growth signaling pathways and implicates a novel strategy for cholesterol metabolic-targeted treatment of colon cancers.
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26
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Driskill JH, Pan D. The Hippo Pathway in Liver Homeostasis and Pathophysiology. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2020; 16:299-322. [PMID: 33234023 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-030420-105050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Studies of the regenerative capacity of the liver have converged on the Hippo pathway, a serine/threonine kinase cascade discovered in Drosophila and conserved from unicellular organisms to mammals. Genetic studies of mouse and rat livers have revealed that the Hippo pathway is a key regulator of liver size, regeneration, development, metabolism, and homeostasis and that perturbations in the Hippo pathway can lead to the development of common liver diseases, such as fatty liver disease and liver cancer. In turn, pharmacological targeting of the Hippo pathway may be utilized to boost regeneration and to prevent the development and progression of liver diseases. We review current insights provided by the Hippo pathway into liver pathophysiology. Furthermore, we present a path forward for future studies to understand how newly identified components of the Hippo pathway may control liver physiology and how the Hippo pathway is regulated in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan H Driskill
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA; , .,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Duojia Pan
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA; ,
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27
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Cancer Metabolism: Phenotype, Signaling and Therapeutic Targets. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102308. [PMID: 33081387 PMCID: PMC7602974 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant metabolism is a major hallmark of cancer. Abnormal cancer metabolism, such as aerobic glycolysis and increased anabolic pathways, has important roles in tumorigenesis, metastasis, drug resistance, and cancer stem cells. Well-known oncogenic signaling pathways, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT, Myc, and Hippo pathway, mediate metabolic gene expression and increase metabolic enzyme activities. Vice versa, deregulated metabolic pathways contribute to defects in cellular signal transduction pathways, which in turn provide energy, building blocks, and redox potentials for unrestrained cancer cell proliferation. Studies and clinical trials are being performed that focus on the inhibition of metabolic enzymes by small molecules or dietary interventions (e.g., fasting, calorie restriction, and intermittent fasting). Similar to genetic heterogeneity, the metabolic phenotypes of cancers are highly heterogeneous. This heterogeneity results from diverse cues in the tumor microenvironment and genetic mutations. Hence, overcoming metabolic plasticity is an important goal of modern cancer therapeutics. This review highlights recent findings on the metabolic phenotypes of cancer and elucidates the interactions between signal transduction pathways and metabolic pathways. We also provide novel rationales for designing the next-generation cancer metabolism drugs.
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28
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Yuan JQ, Ding NH, Xiao Z. The Hippo Transducer YAP/TAZ as a Biomarker of Therapeutic Response and Prognosis in Trastuzumab-Based Neoadjuvant Therapy Treated HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Patients. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:537265. [PMID: 32973536 PMCID: PMC7481481 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.537265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We explored the therapeutic and prognostic effect of YAP/TAZ intensityinHER2-positive breast cancer patients. We also investigated the relationship between YAP/TAZ expression and Trastuzumab-resistance. Methods We collected clinicopathological information from 397 cases. We evaluated therapeutic and prognostic effect of YAP/TAZ and other variables. We also cultivated Trastuzumab-resistance cell lines and explored relationship between YAP/TAZ and Trastuzumab-resistance. Results Over-expression of YAP/TAZ was remarkable in Trastuzumab-resistant cells, and so did HER3 and HER2/HER3 heterodimer. Inhibition of YAP/TAZ expression reversed Trastuzumab-resistance.YAP/TAZ deficiency contributed to favorable therapeutic response, and so did hormone receptor insufficiency and chemotherapy dosage inferiority. Deficient YAP/TAZ intensity and abundant hormone receptor intensity contributed to better survival. Over-expression of YAP/TAZ was obvious in recurrent cases in comparison with their matching primary lesions. Prognostic superiority of insufficient YAP/TAZ intensity was more outstanding in hormone receptor negative cases. Over-expression of YAP/TAZ and HER3 was generally synchronous. Absence of HER3 expression in residual lesions might correlate with better breast cancer-free survival. Conclusions Over-expression of YAP/TAZ as well as HER-3 and HER2/HER3 heterodimer was synchronously remarkable in Trastuzumab-resistant cell lines. Inhibition of YAP/TAZ expression reversed Trastuzumab resistance. Deficient YAP/TAZ intensity as well as insufficient hormone receptor intensity and high chemotherapy dosage contributed to favorable therapeutic response. Deficient YAP/TAZ intensity and abundant hormone receptor intensity contributed to better survival, and so did absence of HER3expression in residual lesions. Prognostic superiority of YAP/TAZ expression depended on hormone receptor status. Cases with synchronous over-expression of YAP/TAZ and HER3 suffered poor survival, which revealed the potential effect of YAP/TAZ-HER2/HER3 crosstalk in prognosis of HER2-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Yuan
- Clinical Research Center For Breast Cancer Control and Prevention in Hunan Province, Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Nian-Hua Ding
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Xiao
- Clinical Research Center For Breast Cancer Control and Prevention in Hunan Province, Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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29
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Yu Y, Su X, Qin Q, Hou Y, Zhang X, Zhang H, Jia M, Chen Y. Yes-associated protein and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif as new targets in cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:105009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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30
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Yamaguchi H, Taouk GM. A Potential Role of YAP/TAZ in the Interplay Between Metastasis and Metabolic Alterations. Front Oncol 2020; 10:928. [PMID: 32596154 PMCID: PMC7300268 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) and Transcriptional Co-activator with PDZ-binding Motif (TAZ) are the downstream effectors of the Hippo signaling pathway that play a crucial role in various aspects of cancer progression including metastasis. Metastasis is the multistep process of disseminating cancer cells in a body and responsible for the majority of cancer-related death. Emerging evidence has shown that cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to gain proliferation, invasion, migration, and anti-apoptotic abilities and adapt to various environment during metastasis. Moreover, it has increasingly been recognized that YAP/TAZ regulates cellular metabolism that is associated with the phenotypic changes, and recent studies suggest that the YAP/TAZ-mediated metabolic alterations contribute to metastasis. In this review, we will introduce the latest knowledge of YAP/TAZ regulation and function in cancer metastasis and metabolism, and discuss possible links between the YAP/TAZ-mediated metabolic reprogramming and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Yamaguchi
- Cancer Research Center, College of Health and Life Sciences, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Ghina M Taouk
- Cancer Research Center, College of Health and Life Sciences, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
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Moloudizargari M, Asghari MH, Nabavi SF, Gulei D, Berindan-Neagoe I, Bishayee A, Nabavi SM. Targeting Hippo signaling pathway by phytochemicals in cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 80:183-194. [PMID: 32428716 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The current era of cancer research has been continuously advancing upon identifying novel aspects of tumorigenesis and the principal mechanisms behind the unleashed proliferation, invasion, drug resistance and immortality of cancer cells in hopes of exploiting these findings to achieve a more effective treatment for cancer. In pursuit of this goal, the identification of the first components of an extremely important regulatory pathway in Drosophila melanogaster that largely determines cell fate during the developmental stages, ended up in the discovery of the highly sophisticated Hippo signaling cascade. Soon after, it was revealed that deregulation of the components of this pathway either via mutations or through epigenetic alterations can be observed in a vast variety of tumors and these alterations greatly contribute to the neoplastic transformation of cells, their survival, growth and resistance to therapy. As more hidden aspects of this pathway such as its widespread entanglement with other major cellular signaling pathways are continuously being uncovered, many researchers have sought over the past decade to find ways of therapeutic interventions targeting the major components of the Hippo cascade. To date, various approaches such as the use of exogenous targeting miRNAs and different molecular inhibitors have been recruited herein, among which naturally occurring compounds have shown a great promise. On such a basis, in the present work we review the current understanding of Hippo pathway and the most recent evidence on targeting its components using natural plant-derived phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Moloudizargari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717443, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Asghari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 4717647745, Iran; Immunoregulation Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 4717647745, Iran.
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1435916471, Iran
| | - Diana Gulei
- MedFuture - Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400337, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- MedFuture - Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400337, Romania; Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, Cluj-Napoca 400337, Romania
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1435916471, Iran.
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32
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Kyriazoglou A, Liontos M, Zakopoulou R, Kaparelou M, Tsiara A, Papatheodoridi AM, Georgakopoulou R, Zagouri F. The Role of the Hippo Pathway in Breast Cancer Carcinogenesis, Prognosis, and Treatment: A Systematic Review. Breast Care (Basel) 2020; 16:6-15. [PMID: 33716627 DOI: 10.1159/000507538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Hippo pathway is a developmental pathway recently discovered in Drosophila melanogaster; in mammals it normally controls organ development and wound healing. Hippo signaling is deregulated in breast cancer (BC). MST1/2 and LATS1/2 kinases are the upstream molecular elements of Hippo signaling which phosphorylate and regulate the two effectors of Hippo signaling, YAP1 and TAZ cotranscriptional activators. The two molecular effectors of the Hippo pathway facilitate their activity through TEAD transcription factors. Several molecular pathways with known oncogenic functions cross-talk with the Hippo pathway. Methods A systematic review studying the correlation of the Hippo pathway with BC tumorigenesis, prognosis, and treatment was performed. Results Recent literature highlights the critical role of Hippo signaling in a wide spectrum of biological mechanisms in BC. Discussion The Hippo pathway has a crucial position in BC molecular biology, cellular behavior, and response to treatment. Targeting the Hippo pathway could potentially improve the prognosis and outcome of BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michalis Liontos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, General Hospital Alexandra, Athens, Greece
| | - Roubini Zakopoulou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, General Hospital Alexandra, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Kaparelou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, General Hospital Alexandra, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Tsiara
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, General Hospital Alexandra, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Flora Zagouri
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, General Hospital Alexandra, Athens, Greece
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Pobbati AV, Hong W. A combat with the YAP/TAZ-TEAD oncoproteins for cancer therapy. Theranostics 2020; 10:3622-3635. [PMID: 32206112 PMCID: PMC7069086 DOI: 10.7150/thno.40889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcriptional co-regulators YAP and TAZ pair primarily with the TEAD family of transcription factors to elicit a gene expression signature that plays a prominent role in cancer development, progression and metastasis. YAP and TAZ endow cells with various oncogenic traits such that they sustain proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, maintain stemness, respond to mechanical stimuli, engineer metabolism, promote angiogenesis, suppress immune response and develop resistance to therapies. Therefore, inhibiting YAP/TAZ- TEAD is an attractive and viable option for novel cancer therapy. It is exciting to know that many drugs already in the clinic restrict YAP/TAZ activities and several novel YAP/TAZ inhibitors are currently under development. We have classified YAP/TAZ-inhibiting drugs into three groups. Group I drugs act on the upstream regulators that are stimulators of YAP/TAZ activities. Many of the Group I drugs have the potential to be repurposed as YAP/TAZ indirect inhibitors to treat various solid cancers. Group II modalities act directly on YAP/TAZ or TEADs and disrupt their interaction; targeting TEADs has emerged as a novel option to inhibit YAP/TAZ, as TEADs are major mediators of their oncogenic programs. TEADs can also be leveraged on using small molecules to activate YAP/TAZ-dependent gene expression for use in regenerative medicine. Group III drugs focus on targeting one of the oncogenic downstream YAP/TAZ transcriptional target genes. With the right strategy and impetus, it is not far-fetched to expect a repurposed group I drug or a novel group II drug to combat YAP and TAZ in cancers in the near future.
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Yun MR, Choi HM, Lee YW, Joo HS, Park CW, Choi JW, Kim DH, Kang HN, Pyo KH, Shin EJ, Shim HS, Soo RA, Yang JCH, Lee SS, Chang H, Kim MH, Hong MH, Kim HR, Cho BC. Targeting YAP to overcome acquired resistance to ALK inhibitors in ALK-rearranged lung cancer. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 11:e10581. [PMID: 31633304 PMCID: PMC6895608 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201910581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical benefit of ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK‐TKIs) in ALK‐rearranged lung cancer has been limited by the inevitable development of acquired resistance, and bypass‐molecular resistance mechanisms remain poorly understood. We investigated a novel therapeutic target through screening FDA‐approved drugs in ALK‐TKI‐resistant models. Cerivastatin, the rate‐limiting enzyme inhibitor of the mevalonate pathway, showed anti‐cancer activity against ALK‐TKI resistance in vitro/in vivo, accompanied by cytoplasmic retention and subsequent inactivation of transcriptional co‐regulator YAP. The marked induction of YAP‐targeted oncogenes (EGFR, AXL, CYR61, and TGFβR2) in resistant cells was abolished by cerivastatin. YAP silencing suppressed tumor growth in resistant cells, patient‐derived xenografts, and EML4‐ALK transgenic mice, whereas YAP overexpression decreased the responsiveness of parental cells to ALK inhibitor. In matched patient samples before/after ALK inhibitor treatment, nuclear accumulation of YAP was mainly detected in post‐treatment samples. High expression of YAP in pretreatment samples was correlated with poor response to ALK‐TKIs. Our findings highlight a crucial role of YAP in ALK‐TKI resistance and provide a rationale for targeting YAP as a potential treatment option for ALK‐rearranged patients with acquired resistance to ALK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ran Yun
- JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd., Gumi-City, Korea.,Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hun Mi Choi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - You Won Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeong Seok Joo
- JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd., Gumi-City, Korea
| | - Chae Won Park
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Woo Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hwi Kim
- JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd., Gumi-City, Korea
| | - Han Na Kang
- JEUK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd., Gumi-City, Korea.,Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Pyo
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Joo Shin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Sup Shim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ross A Soo
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - James Chih-Hsin Yang
- Graduate Institute of Oncology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung Sook Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyun Chang
- International St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Min Hwan Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Ryun Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Zhang L, Chen T, Dou Y, Zhang S, Liu H, Khishignyam T, Li X, Zuo D, Zhang Z, Jin M, Wang R, Qiu Y, Zhong Y, Kong D. Atorvastatin Exerts Antileukemia Activity via Inhibiting Mevalonate-YAP Axis in K562 and HL60 Cells. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1032. [PMID: 31649888 PMCID: PMC6794561 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel therapeutic strategies are still urgently expected for leukemia despite undisputed success of various targeted therapeutics. The antileukemia activity of Atorvastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, on human leukemia cells was investigated. Atorvastatin inhibited K562 and HL60 cell proliferation, induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in K562 cells by down-regulating cyclinB1 and cdc2, but G0/G1 arrest in HL60 cells by up-regulating p27 and down-regulating cyclinD1 and p-pRb. Atorvastatin also induced apoptosis in both cell lines, in which the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related mitochondrial apoptotic signaling might be involved, with increase of ROS and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), release of cytochrome C into cytosol, and activation of Bax/Caspase-9/Caspase-3/PARP pathway. Inhibition of YAP nuclear localization and activation by Atorvastatin was reversed by the addition of mevalonate, GGPP, or FPP. Further, the effects on cell cycle arrest- and apoptosis- related proteins by Atorvastatin were alleviated by addition of mevalonate, suggesting the antileukemia effect of Atorvastatin might be through mevalonate-YAP axis in K562 and HL60 cells. Our results suggest that Atorvastatin might be used for leukemia therapy while evidence of clinical efficacy is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yonghai Dou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaolu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Tungalagtamir Khishignyam
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Duo Zuo
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meihua Jin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuling Qiu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - YuXu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China
| | - Dexin Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,School of Medicine, Tianjin Tianshi College, Tianyuan University, Tianjin, China
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The Hippo signaling effector WWTR1 is a metastatic biomarker of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:74. [PMID: 30976198 PMCID: PMC6439973 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0796-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) is an aggressive subtype of gastric cancer with a high metastatic rate. However, the metastatic biomarker of GCA has not been established. Methods To search for the biomarker for GCA metastasis, we here examined expression of the Hippo signaling effector WWTR1 (WW domain containing transcription regulator 1, commonly listed as TAZ) in tumor tissue samples from 214 GCA cases using the tissue microarray assay (TMA), and statistically analyzed association of the WWTR1 expression with metastasis-related pathological outcomes and cumulative survival of the GCA patients. Furthermore, shRNA knockdown was used to determine the role of WWTR1 in promoting cell migration in gastric cancer cells. Results The results have shown that WWTR1 is overexpressed in 66.4% of the GCA tumor samples. Expression of WWTR1 has a significant inverse correlation with cumulative survival of GCA patients (p < 0.01). WWTR1 positive patients had a mean survival of 56.9 ± 4.4 months, comparing to WWTR1 negative mean survival of 77.3 ± 5.9 months. More importantly, expression of WWTR1 significantly associated with tumor invasion and metastasis (in T stage, p = 0.031; N stage, p < 0.01; and TNM stage, p < 0.001). Furthermore, knockdown of WWTR1 impaired migration of gastric cancer AGS cells. Conclusions Our studies have identified WWTR1 as a metastatic biomarker of GCA for poor prognosis, defined a role of WWTR1 in driving metastasis of gastric cancer, and suggested WWTR1 as a potential target for anti-metastatic therapy of GCA.
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Zhang Y, Fang Z, Guo X, Dong H, Zhou K, Huang Z, Xiao Z. lncRNA B4GALT1-AS1 promotes colon cancer cell stemness and migration by recruiting YAP to the nucleus and enhancing YAP transcriptional activity. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18524-18534. [PMID: 30912138 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, an RNA-sequencing assay revealed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with an ectopic expression between colon cancer (CC) and normal colon epithelial cells, in which lncRNA B4GALT1-AS1 exhibited the highest change. A 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay indicated that B4GALT1-AS1 knockdown had no effect on CC cell viability, however, cell clone formation analysis showed that B4GALT1-AS1 knockdown attenuated the capacity of cell clone formation. Additionally, gene set enrichment analysis of this data set revealed that positive enrichment of stem cell-differentiated signatures and negative embryonic stem cell function and adult tissue stem module were observed in CC cells with B4GALT1-AS1 knockdown. Furthermore, B4GALT1-AS1 knockdown suppressed the stemness-marker expression, the ability of cell spheroid formation, and ALDH1 activity in CC cells. Mechanistically, RNA-sequencing data found that the Hippo pathway in cancer was shown on pathways mostly upregulated by B4GALT1-AS1 knockdown, and B4GALT1-AS1 directly bound to the yes-associated protein (YAP), a downstream executor of the Hippo pathway, and B4GALT1-AS1 knockdown promoted the nuclear cytoplasm translocation of YAP and decreased YAP transcriptional activity. Notably, YAP overexpression attenuated the inhibitory effects mediated by B4GALT1-AS1 knockdown. Our results identify the direct binding of lncRNA B4GALT1-AS1 to YAP, which is responsible for CC cell stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Hepatobiliary and Enteric Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixue Fang
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiong Guo
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Hepatobiliary and Enteric Surgery Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongyu Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhongcheng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhigang Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are two homologous transcriptional coactivators that promote cell proliferation, stem cell maintenance, and tissue homeostasis. Under favorable conditions, YAP and TAZ are active to promote cell growth through a transcriptional program mediated by the TEAD family transcription factors. Given the indispensability of cellular energy and metabolites for survival and growth, YAP and TAZ are inhibited when energy level is low. Indeed, glucose, fatty acids, hormones, and other metabolic factors have been recently revealed to regulate YAP and TAZ. Conversely, YAP and TAZ are also involved in metabolism regulation, such as to promote glycolysis, lipogenesis, and glutaminolysis, suggesting YAP and TAZ as emerging nodes in coordinating nutrient availability with cell growth and tissue homeostasis. In this Review, we summarize recent findings and provide a current overview of YAP and TAZ in metabolism by focusing on the role of YAP and TAZ as integrators for metabolic cues and cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ja Hyun Koo
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Li H, Chen C, Wang D. Low‑frequency ultrasound and microbubbles combined with simvastatin promote the apoptosis of MCF‑7 cells by affecting the LATS1/YAP/RHAMM pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2724-2732. [PMID: 30015955 PMCID: PMC6102727 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound scanning has widespread used in clinical practice and also has therapeutic applications. Simvastatin is a statins that is able to competitively inhibit the activity of 3‑hydroxy‑3‑methylglutaryl‑coenzyme A reductase. The aim of the present study was to investigate the roles and mechanisms of low‑frequency ultrasound (LFU) and microbubbles combined with simvastatin on MCF‑7 cell growth and apoptosis. Cell viability, apoptosis and cell cycle were evaluated using an MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The expression of related proteins was measured by western blot assay. The results revealed that simvastatin and LFU with microbubbles reduces the viability of MCF‑7 cells. The combination of LFU and microbubbles with simvastatin promoted the apoptosis of MCF‑7 cells. Furthermore, it was confirmed that LFU and microbubbles combined with simvastatin affected the large tumor suppressor 1 (LATS1)/yes‑associated protein (YAP)/receptor of the hyaluronan‑mediated motility (RHAMM) pathway in MCF‑7 cells. It was determined that LATS1 acts as a negative regulator in the LATS1/YAP/RHAMM pathway in MCF‑7 cells. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that LFU and microbubbles combined with simvastatin promotes the apoptosis of MCF‑7 cells via the LATS1/YAP/RHAMM pathway. The present study suggested a possible strategy for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haige Li
- Department of Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, P.R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, P.R. China
| | - Dehang Wang
- Department of Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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Hou L, Xie S, Li G, Xiong B, Gao Y, Zhao X, Hu J, Deng S, Jiang J. IL-6 Triggers the Migration and Invasion of Oestrogen Receptor-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via Regulation of Hippo Pathways. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2018; 123:549-557. [PMID: 29781562 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the major challenges for women's health. However, the role and mechanisms of interleukins (ILs) on the progression of breast cancer are not well illustrated. Our present study revealed that the expressions of IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly increased in oestrogen receptor-negative (ER-) breast cancer cells. Increased expression of IL-6 was observed in 83.9% (26/31) ER- breast cancer tissues as compared with their matched adjacent normal tissues. In vitro studies indicated that IL-6 can significantly promote the migration and invasion of ER- breast cancer cells via increasing the dephosphorylation, nuclear translocation and transcriptional activities of YAP in breast cancer cells. Knockdown of YAP can attenuate IL-6-induced migration and invasion of cancer cells, suggesting that YAP plays an essential role in IL-6-induced malignancy of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, IL-6 treatment also decreased the phosphorylation of LATS1/2. The knockdown of LATS1/2 synergistically suppressed si-IL-6-induced deactivation of YAP. Targeted inhibition of IL-6/YAP can significantly suppress the invasion of ER- breast cancer cells. Collectively, our study revealed that IL-6 can trigger the malignancy of breast cancer cells via activation of YAP signals. Targeted inhibition of IL-6/YAP might be a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of ER- breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingmi Hou
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of Thyroid Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Shaoli Xie
- Department of Thyroid Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Guanwu Li
- Department of Radiology, Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Xiong
- Department of Thyroid Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanchun Gao
- Department of Thyroid Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhao
- Department of Thyroid Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiani Hu
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Shishan Deng
- Department of Anatomy, The North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Breast Disease Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Moon S, Yeon Park S, Woo Park H. Regulation of the Hippo pathway in cancer biology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2303-2319. [PMID: 29602952 PMCID: PMC11105795 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo tumor suppressor pathway, which is well conserved from Drosophila to humans, has emerged as the master regulator of organ size, as well as major cellular properties, such as cell proliferation, survival, stemness, and tissue homeostasis. The biological significance and deregulation of the Hippo pathway in tumorigenesis have received a surge of interest in the past decade. In the current review, we present the major discoveries that made substantial contributions to our understanding of the Hippo pathway and discuss how Hippo pathway components contribute to cellular signaling, physiology, and their potential implications in anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungho Moon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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42
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Abstract
The Hippo pathway is a novel and highly conserved mammalian signaling pathway. Mutations and altered expression of core Hippo pathway components promote the migration, invasion, malignancy, and chemotherapy resistance of breast cancer cells. In cancer metastasis, tumor cells must detach from the primary tumor, invade surrounding tissue, and enter and survive in a foreign microenvironment. The metastatic potential of breast cancer is closely related to individual patient genetic profile. Nevertheless, the exact molecular mechanism that regulates the Hippo pathway in breast cancer metastasis is yet to be fully elucidated. This article discusses the function and regulation of the Hippo pathway, with focus given to its role in the context of breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changran Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiangqi Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong Province, China
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43
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Kimbung S, Lettiero B, Feldt M, Bosch A, Borgquist S. High expression of cholesterol biosynthesis genes is associated with resistance to statin treatment and inferior survival in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:59640-59651. [PMID: 27458152 PMCID: PMC5312337 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
There is sufficient evidence that statins have a protective role against breast cancer proliferation and recurrence, but treatment predictive biomarkers are lacking. Breast cancer cell lines displaying diverse sensitivity to atorvastatin were subjected to global transcriptional profiling and genes significantly altered by statin treatment were identified. Atorvastatin treatment strongly inhibited proliferation in estrogen receptor (ER) negative cell lines and a commensurate response was also evident on the genome-wide transcriptional scale, with ER negative cells displaying a robust deregulation of genes involved in the regulation of cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Interestingly, atorvastatin upregulated genes involved in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway in all cell lines, irrespective of sensitivity to statin treatment. However, the level of pathway induction; measured as the fold change in transcript levels, was inversely correlated to the effect of statin treatment on cell growth. High expression of cholesterol biosynthesis genes before treatment was associated with resistance to statin therapy in cell lines and clinical biopsies. Furthermore, high expression of cholesterol biosynthesis genes was independently prognostic for a shorter recurrence-free and overall survival, especially among ER positive tumors. Dysregulation of cholesterol biosynthesis is therefore predictive for both sensitivity to anti-cancer statin therapy and prognosis following primary breast cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siker Kimbung
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Barbara Lettiero
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Feldt
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ana Bosch
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Signe Borgquist
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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44
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Wei J, Yu G, Shao G, Sun A, Chen M, Yang W, Lin Q. CYR61 (CCN1) is a metastatic biomarker of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:31067-78. [PMID: 27105510 PMCID: PMC5058739 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) is the most aggressive subtype of gastric cancer with a high metastatic rate. In this report, we collected tumor tissue samples from 214 GCA cases and examined expression of CYR61, a target gene product of the Hippo-YAP/TAZ pathway, in the GCA tumors by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining using the tissue microarray assay (TMA). The results have shown that CYR61 is overexpressed in 44% of the GCA tumor samples. Expression of CYR61 is inversely correlated with cumulative survival of GCA patients (p<0.001) and significantly associated only with metastatic pathological categories (with N category, p=0.052; with TNM stage, p=0.001). Furthermore, knockdown of CYR61 in gastric cancer AGS cells impairs the cancer cell migration and invasion, suggesting a driver role of CYR61 in metastasis. Thus, our studies have established CYR61 as a metastatic biomarker for prediction of poor prognosis of GCA and provided a potential molecular target for anti-metastatic therapy of GCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wei
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Genbao Shao
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aiqin Sun
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miao Chen
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.,The Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wannian Yang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiong Lin
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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45
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Mechanical cues control mutant p53 stability through a mevalonate-RhoA axis. Nat Cell Biol 2017; 20:28-35. [PMID: 29255172 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-017-0009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumour-associated p53 missense mutants act as driver oncogenes affecting cancer progression, metastatic potential and drug resistance (gain-of-function) 1 . Mutant p53 protein stabilization is a prerequisite for gain-of-function manifestation; however, it does not represent an intrinsic property of p53 mutants, but rather requires secondary events 2 . Moreover, mutant p53 protein levels are often heterogeneous even within the same tumour, raising questions on the mechanisms that control local mutant p53 accumulation in some tumour cells but not in their neighbours 2,3 . By investigating the cellular pathways that induce protection of mutant p53 from ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, we found that HDAC6/Hsp90-dependent mutant p53 accumulation is sustained by RhoA geranylgeranylation downstream of the mevalonate pathway, as well as by RhoA- and actin-dependent transduction of mechanical inputs, such as the stiffness of the extracellular environment. Our results provide evidence for an unpredicted layer of mutant p53 regulation that relies on metabolic and mechanical cues.
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46
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Liu CY, Chan SW, Guo F, Toloczko A, Cui L, Hong W. MRTF/SRF dependent transcriptional regulation of TAZ in breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:13706-16. [PMID: 26885614 PMCID: PMC4924672 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of Hippo pathway results in activation of transcriptional co-activators YAP/TAZ in breast cancer. Previously, we showed that overexpression of TAZ in breast cancer promotes cell migration, invasion and tumorigenesis. Here, we show that upregulation of TAZ in breast cancers could also be due to dysregulation of TAZ transcription. Heregulin β1 (HRG1) increases TAZ mRNA level in breast cancer cells. TAZ is a direct target of MRTF/SRF transcriptional factors which are activated by HRG1. Both MRTF/SRF and TAZ are the important downstream effectors enhancing cell migration induced by HRG1. TAZ mRNA level is correlated with nuclear localization of MRTF in breast cancer cells and the mRNA level of MRTF/SRF direct target genes in breast cancers, indicating the correlation between MRTF/SRF activity and TAZ expression. Our results provide new insights into the transcriptional regulation of TAZ and dysregulation mechanism of TAZ in breast cancer, which could be a new therapeutic strategy for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Ying Liu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Siew Wee Chan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Fusheng Guo
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Aleksandra Toloczko
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Long Cui
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wanjin Hong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
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47
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Matsudaira T, Mukai K, Noguchi T, Hasegawa J, Hatta T, Iemura SI, Natsume T, Miyamura N, Nishina H, Nakayama J, Semba K, Tomita T, Murata S, Arai H, Taguchi T. Endosomal phosphatidylserine is critical for the YAP signalling pathway in proliferating cells. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1246. [PMID: 29093443 PMCID: PMC5665887 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a recently discovered growth-promoting transcription coactivator that has been shown to regulate the malignancy of various cancers. How YAP is regulated is not fully understood. Here, we show that one of the factors regulating YAP is phosphatidylserine (PS) in recycling endosomes (REs). We use proximity biotinylation to find proteins proximal to PS. Among these proteins are YAP and multiple proteins related to YAP signalling. Knockdown of ATP8A1 (an RE PS-flippase) or evectin-2 (an RE-resident protein) and masking of PS in the cytoplasmic leaflet of membranes, all suppress nuclear localization of YAP and YAP-dependent transcription. ATP8A1 knockdown increases the phosphorylated (activated) form of Lats1 that phosphorylates and inactivates YAP, whereas evectin-2 knockdown reduces the ubiquitination and increased the level of Lats1. The proliferation of YAP-dependent metastatic cancer cells is suppressed by knockdown of ATP8A1 or evectin-2. These results suggest a link between a membrane phospholipid and cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuyuki Matsudaira
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kojiro Mukai
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Taishin Noguchi
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Junya Hasegawa
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hatta
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2-3-26, Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichiro Iemura
- Medical Industry Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, 1, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Tohru Natsume
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2-3-26, Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
| | - Norio Miyamura
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishina
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Jun Nakayama
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2, Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Kentaro Semba
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2, Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Takuya Tomita
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shigeo Murata
- Laboratory of Protein Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Arai
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,Pathological Cell Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, 1-7-1, Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.
| | - Tomohiko Taguchi
- Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. .,Pathological Cell Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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48
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Lin Q, Dai Q, Meng H, Sun A, Wei J, Peng K, Childress C, Chen M, Shao G, Yang W. The HECT E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 interacts with and ubiquitylates SQSTM1 for inclusion body autophagy. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:3839-3850. [PMID: 29021346 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.207068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that the HECT E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 interacts with LC3 and is required for starvation and rapamycin-induced activation of autophagy. Here, we report that NEDD4 directly binds to SQSTM1 via its HECT domain and polyubiquitylates SQSTM1. This ubiquitylation is through K63 conjugation and is not involved in proteasomal degradation. Mutational analysis indicates that NEDD4 interacts with and ubiquitylates the PB1 domain of SQSTM1. Depletion of NEDD4 or overexpression of the ligase-defective mutant of NEDD4 induced accumulation of aberrant enlarged SQSTM1-positive inclusion bodies that are co-localized with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) marker CANX, suggesting that the ubiquitylation functions in the SQSTM1-mediated biogenic process in inclusion body autophagosomes. Taken together, our studies show that NEDD4 is an autophagic E3 ubiquitin ligase that ubiquitylates SQSTM1, facilitating SQSTM1-mediated inclusion body autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Lin
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qian Dai
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hongxia Meng
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Aiqin Sun
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jing Wei
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ke Peng
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Chandra Childress
- Department of Biology, Susquehanna University, 514 University Ave, Selinsgrove, PA 17870, USA
| | - Miao Chen
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Genbao Shao
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Wannian Yang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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49
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Bae JS, Kim SM, Lee H. The Hippo signaling pathway provides novel anti-cancer drug targets. Oncotarget 2017; 8:16084-16098. [PMID: 28035075 PMCID: PMC5362547 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and development. Major effectors of the Hippo signaling pathway include the transcriptional co-activators Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) and WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 (TAZ). The transcriptional activities of YAP and TAZ are affected by interactions with proteins from many diverse signaling pathways as well as responses to the external environment. High YAP and TAZ activity has been observed in many cancer types, and functional dysregulation of Hippo signaling enhances the oncogenic properties of YAP and TAZ and promotes cancer development. Many biological elements, including mechanical strain on the cell, cell polarity/adhesion molecules, other signaling pathways (e.g., G-protein-coupled receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, Wnt, Notch, and transforming growth factor β/bone morphogenic protein), and cellular metabolic status, can promote oncogenesis through synergistic association with components of the Hippo signaling pathway. Here, we review the signaling networks that interact with the Hippo signaling pathway and discuss the potential of using drugs that inhibit YAP and TAZ activity for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- June Sung Bae
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Mi Kim
- Biomolecular Function Research Branch, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Lee
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
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50
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Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 promotes cell proliferation through YAP/TAZ activation in cancer. Oncogene 2017; 37:263-270. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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