1
|
Ai H, Tong Z, Deng Z, Shi Q, Tao S, Sun G, Liang J, Sun M, Wu X, Zheng Q, Liang L, Yin H, Li JB, Gao S, Tian C, Liu L, Pan M. Mechanism of nucleosomal H2A K13/15 monoubiquitination and adjacent dual monoubiquitination by RNF168. Nat Chem Biol 2024:10.1038/s41589-024-01750-x. [PMID: 39394267 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-024-01750-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Abstract
The DNA damage repair regulatory protein RNF168, a monomeric RING-type E3 ligase, has a crucial role in regulating cell fate and DNA repair by specific and efficient ubiquitination of the adjacent K13 and K15 (K13/15) sites at the H2A N-terminal tail. However, understanding how RNF168 coordinates with its cognate E2 enzyme UbcH5c to site-specifically ubiquitinate H2A K13/15 has long been hampered by the lack of high-resolution structures of RNF168 and UbcH5c~Ub (ubiquitin) in complex with nucleosomes. Here we developed chemical strategies and determined the cryo-electron microscopy structures of the RNF168-UbcH5c~Ub-nucleosome complex captured in transient H2A K13/15 monoubiquitination and adjacent dual monoubiquitination reactions, providing a 'helix-anchoring' mode for monomeric E3 ligase RNF168 on nucleosome in contrast to the 'compass-binding' mode of dimeric E3 ligases. Our work not only provides structural snapshots of H2A K13/15 site-specific monoubiquitination and adjacent dual monoubiquitination but also offers a near-atomic-resolution structural framework for understanding pathogenic amino acid substitutions and physiological modifications of RNF168.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huasong Ai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zebin Tong
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiheng Deng
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Shi
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shixian Tao
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Gaoge Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Liang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Maoshen Sun
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyun Zheng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lujun Liang
- Center for Bioanalytical Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Hang Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Bin Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Changlin Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lei Liu
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Man Pan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chauhan AS, Jhujh SS, Stewart GS. E3 ligases: a ubiquitous link between DNA repair, DNA replication and human disease. Biochem J 2024; 481:923-944. [PMID: 38985307 PMCID: PMC11346458 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20240124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Maintenance of genome stability is of paramount importance for the survival of an organism. However, genomic integrity is constantly being challenged by various endogenous and exogenous processes that damage DNA. Therefore, cells are heavily reliant on DNA repair pathways that have evolved to deal with every type of genotoxic insult that threatens to compromise genome stability. Notably, inherited mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in these protective pathways trigger the onset of disease that is driven by chromosome instability e.g. neurodevelopmental abnormalities, neurodegeneration, premature ageing, immunodeficiency and cancer development. The ability of cells to regulate the recruitment of specific DNA repair proteins to sites of DNA damage is extremely complex but is primarily mediated by protein post-translational modifications (PTMs). Ubiquitylation is one such PTM, which controls genome stability by regulating protein localisation, protein turnover, protein-protein interactions and intra-cellular signalling. Over the past two decades, numerous ubiquitin (Ub) E3 ligases have been identified to play a crucial role not only in the initiation of DNA replication and DNA damage repair but also in the efficient termination of these processes. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of how different Ub E3 ligases (RNF168, TRAIP, HUWE1, TRIP12, FANCL, BRCA1, RFWD3) function to regulate DNA repair and replication and the pathological consequences arising from inheriting deleterious mutations that compromise the Ub-dependent DNA damage response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anoop S. Chauhan
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Satpal S. Jhujh
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Grant S. Stewart
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li Y, Li L, Wang X, Zhao F, Yang Y, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Wang L, Jiang Z, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Wu C, Li K, Zhang T, Wang P, Mao Z, Zhu W, Xu X, Liang S, Lou Z, Yuan J. USP25 Elevates SHLD2-Mediated DNA Double-Strand Break Repair and Regulates Chemoresponse in Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2403485. [PMID: 38803048 PMCID: PMC11267380 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
DNA damage plays a significant role in the tumorigenesis and progression of the disease. Abnormal DNA repair affects the therapy and prognosis of cancer. In this study, it is demonstrated that the deubiquitinase USP25 promotes non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), which in turn contributes to chemoresistance in cancer. It is shown that USP25 deubiquitinates SHLD2 at the K64 site, which enhances its binding with REV7 and promotes NHEJ. Furthermore, USP25 deficiency impairs NHEJ-mediated DNA repair and reduces class switch recombination (CSR) in USP25-deficient mice. USP25 is overexpressed in a subset of colon cancers. Depletion of USP25 sensitizes colon cancer cells to IR, 5-Fu, and cisplatin. TRIM25 is also identified, an E3 ligase, as the enzyme responsible for degrading USP25. Downregulation of TRIM25 leads to an increase in USP25 levels, which in turn induces chemoresistance in colon cancer cells. Finally, a peptide that disrupts the USP25-SHLD2 interaction is successfully identified, impairing NHEJ and increasing sensitivity to chemotherapy in PDX model. Overall, these findings reveal USP25 as a critical effector of SHLD2 in regulating the NHEJ repair pathway and suggest its potential as a therapeutic target for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunhui Li
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Cancer CenterTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Lei Li
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Cancer CenterTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Xinshu Wang
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Fei Zhao
- College of BiologyHunan UniversityChangsha410082China
| | - Yuntong Yang
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Jiyuan Zhang
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Li Wang
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Zeshan Jiang
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery and Colorectal SurgeryShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200120China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Cancer CenterTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain‐Like IntelligenceShanghai Fourth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200080China
| | - Chenming Wu
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Cancer CenterTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| | - Ke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural MedicinesInstitute of Medicinal BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100050China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural MedicinesInstitute of Medicinal BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100050China
| | - Ping Wang
- Tongji University Cancer CenterShanghai Tenth People's HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai200072China
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal‐Fetal MedicineClinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalFrontier Science Center for Stem Cell ResearchTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200040China
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- International Cancer CenterGuangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease PreventionMarshall Laboratory of Biomedical EngineeringDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen518037China
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityGuangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention and Carson International Cancer CenterMarshall Laboratory of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhen518055China
| | - Shikang Liang
- School of Biomedical SciencesLKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR999077Hong Kong
| | - Zhenkun Lou
- Department of OncologyMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Jian Yuan
- Medical Innovation CenterShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200120China
- Cancer CenterTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200331China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Inanc B, Fang Q, Andrews JF, Zeng X, Clark J, Li J, Dey NB, Ibrahim M, Sykora P, Yu Z, Braganza A, Verheij M, Jonkers J, Yates NA, Vens C, Sobol RW. TRIP12 governs DNA Polymerase β involvement in DNA damage response and repair. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.08.588474. [PMID: 38645048 PMCID: PMC11030427 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.08.588474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The multitude of DNA lesion types, and the nuclear dynamic context in which they occur, present a challenge for genome integrity maintenance as this requires the engagement of different DNA repair pathways. Specific 'repair controllers' that facilitate DNA repair pathway crosstalk between double strand break (DSB) repair and base excision repair (BER), and regulate BER protein trafficking at lesion sites, have yet to be identified. We find that DNA polymerase β (Polβ), crucial for BER, is ubiquitylated in a BER complex-dependent manner by TRIP12, an E3 ligase that partners with UBR5 and restrains DSB repair signaling. Here we find that, TRIP12, but not UBR5, controls cellular levels and chromatin loading of Polβ. Required for Polβ foci formation, TRIP12 regulates Polβ involvement after DNA damage. Notably, excessive TRIP12-mediated shuttling of Polβ affects DSB formation and radiation sensitivity, underscoring its precedence for BER. We conclude that the herein discovered trafficking function at the nexus of DNA repair signaling pathways, towards Polβ-directed BER, optimizes DNA repair pathway choice at complex lesion sites.
Collapse
|
5
|
Ayala-Zambrano C, Yuste M, Frias S, Garcia-de-Teresa B, Mendoza L, Azpeitia E, Rodríguez A, Torres L. A Boolean network model of the double-strand break repair pathway choice. J Theor Biol 2023; 573:111608. [PMID: 37595867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2023.111608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Double strand break (DSB) repair is critical to maintaining the integrity of the genome. DSB repair deficiency underlies multiple pathologies, including cancer, chromosome instability syndromes, and, potentially, neurodevelopmental defects. DSB repair is mainly handled by two pathways: highly accurate homologous recombination (HR), which requires a sister chromatid for template-based repair, limited to S/G2 phases of the cell cycle, and canonical non-homologous end joining (c-NHEJ), available throughout the cell cycle in which minimum homology is sufficient for highly efficient yet error-prone repair. Some circumstances, such as cancer, require alternative highly mutagenic DSB repair pathways like microhomology-mediated end-joining (MMEJ) and single-strand annealing (SSA), which are triggered to attend to DNA damage. These non-canonical repair alternatives are emerging as prominent drivers of resistance in drug-based tumor therapies. Multiple DSB repair options require tight inter-pathway regulation to prevent unscheduled activities. In addition to this complexity, epigenetic modifications of the histones surrounding the DSB region are emerging as critical regulators of the DSB repair pathway choice. Modeling approaches to understanding DSBs repair pathway choice are advantageous to perform simulations and generate predictions on previously uncharacterized aspects of DSBs response. In this work, we present a Boolean network model of the DSB repair pathway choice that incorporates the knowledge, into a dynamic system, of the inter-pathways regulation involved in DSB repair, i.e., HR, c-NHEJ, SSA, and MMEJ. Our model recapitulates the well-characterized HR activity observed in wild-type cells in response to DSBs. It also recovers clinically relevant behaviors of BRCA1/FANCS mutants, and their corresponding drug resistance mechanisms ascribed to DNA repair gain-of-function pathogenic variants. Since epigenetic modifiers are dynamic and possible druggable targets, we incorporated them into our model to better characterize their involvement in DSB repair. Our model predicted that loss of the TIP60 complex and its corresponding histone acetylation activity leads to activation of SSA in response to DSBs. Our experimental validation showed that TIP60 effectively prevents activation of RAD52, a key SSA executor, and confirms the suitable use of Boolean network modeling for understanding DNA DSB repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Ayala-Zambrano
- Laboratorio de Citogenética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Mariana Yuste
- Centro de Ciencias Matemáticas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Sara Frias
- Laboratorio de Citogenética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico; Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70228, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Luis Mendoza
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70228, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Eugenio Azpeitia
- Centro de Ciencias Matemáticas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Rodríguez
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70228, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico; Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico.
| | - Leda Torres
- Laboratorio de Citogenética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wooten J, Mavingire N, Damar K, Loaiza-Perez A, Brantley E. Triumphs and challenges in exploiting poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition to combat triple-negative breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1625-1640. [PMID: 37042191 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) regulates a myriad of DNA repair mechanisms to preserve genomic integrity following DNA damage. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) confer synthetic lethality in malignancies with a deficiency in the homologous recombination (HR) pathway. Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) fail to respond to most targeted therapies because their tumors lack expression of the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Certain patients with TNBC harbor mutations in HR mediators such as breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) and breast cancer susceptibility gene 2 (BRCA2), enabling them to respond to PARPi. PARPi exploits the synthetic lethality of BRCA-mutant cells. However, de novo and acquired PARPi resistance frequently ensue. In this review, we discuss the roles of PARP in mediating DNA repair processes in breast epithelial cells, mechanisms of PARPi resistance in TNBC, and recent advances in the development of agents designed to overcome PARPi resistance in TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Wooten
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Nicole Mavingire
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Katherine Damar
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Andrea Loaiza-Perez
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Oncología Ángel H. Roffo (IOAHR), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eileen Brantley
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Koo SY, Park EJ, Noh HJ, Jo SM, Ko BK, Shin HJ, Lee CW. Ubiquitination Links DNA Damage and Repair Signaling to Cancer Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098441. [PMID: 37176148 PMCID: PMC10179089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in the DNA damage response (DDR) and cellular metabolism are two important factors that allow cancer cells to proliferate. DDR is a set of events in which DNA damage is recognized, DNA repair factors are recruited to the site of damage, the lesion is repaired, and cellular responses associated with the damage are processed. In cancer, DDR is commonly dysregulated, and the enzymes associated with DDR are prone to changes in ubiquitination. Additionally, cellular metabolism, especially glycolysis, is upregulated in cancer cells, and enzymes in this metabolic pathway are modulated by ubiquitination. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), particularly E3 ligases, act as a bridge between cellular metabolism and DDR since they regulate the enzymes associated with the two processes. Hence, the E3 ligases with high substrate specificity are considered potential therapeutic targets for treating cancer. A number of small molecule inhibitors designed to target different components of the UPS have been developed, and several have been tested in clinical trials for human use. In this review, we discuss the role of ubiquitination on overall cellular metabolism and DDR and confirm the link between them through the E3 ligases NEDD4, APC/CCDH1, FBXW7, and Pellino1. In addition, we present an overview of the clinically important small molecule inhibitors and implications for their practical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Young Koo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Park
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Noh
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Mi Jo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Kyoung Ko
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Shin
- Team of Radiation Convergence Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Woo Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xie T, Qin H, Yuan Z, Zhang Y, Li X, Zheng L. Emerging Roles of RNF168 in Tumor Progression. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031417. [PMID: 36771081 PMCID: PMC9920519 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RING finger protein 168 (RNF168) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase with the RING finger domain. It is an important protein contributing to the DNA double-strand damage repair pathway. Recent studies have found that RNF168 is significantly implicated in the occurrence and development of various cancers. Additionally, RNF168 contributes to the drug resistance of tumor cells by enhancing their DNA repair ability or regulating the degradation of target proteins. This paper summarizes and prospects the research progress of the structure and main functions of RNF168, especially its roles and the underlying mechanisms in tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyuan Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Hai Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guizhou Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, No. 206, Sixian Street, Baiyun District, Guiyang 550007, China
| | - Zhengdong Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiaoman Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lufeng Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211198, China
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (L.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kelliher J, Ghosal G, Leung JWC. New answers to the old RIDDLE: RNF168 and the DNA damage response pathway. FEBS J 2022; 289:2467-2480. [PMID: 33797206 PMCID: PMC8486888 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The chromatin-based DNA damage response pathway is tightly orchestrated by histone post-translational modifications, including histone H2A ubiquitination. Ubiquitination plays an integral role in regulating cellular processes including DNA damage signaling and repair. The ubiquitin E3 ligase RNF168 is essential in assembling a cohort of DNA repair proteins at the damaged chromatin via its enzymatic activity. RNF168 ubiquitinates histone H2A(X) at the N terminus and generates a specific docking scaffold for ubiquitin-binding motif-containing proteins. The regulation of RNF168 at damaged chromatin and the mechanistic implication in the recruitment of DNA repair proteins to the damaged sites remain an area of active investigation. Here, we review the function and regulation of RNF168 in the context of ubiquitin-mediated DNA damage signaling and repair. We will also discuss the unanswered questions that require further investigation and how understanding RNF168 targeting specificity could benefit the therapeutic development for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Kelliher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States
| | - Gargi Ghosal
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States,To whom correspondence should be addressed: and
| | - Justin Wai Chung Leung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States,To whom correspondence should be addressed: and
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
A drug repurposing strategy for overcoming human multiple myeloma resistance to standard-of-care treatment. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:203. [PMID: 35246527 PMCID: PMC8897388 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04651-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite several approved therapeutic modalities, multiple myeloma (MM) remains an incurable blood malignancy and only a small fraction of patients achieves prolonged disease control. The common anti-MM treatment targets proteasome with specific inhibitors (PI). The resulting interference with protein degradation is particularly toxic to MM cells as they typically accumulate large amounts of toxic proteins. However, MM cells often acquire resistance to PIs through aberrant expression or mutations of proteasome subunits such as PSMB5, resulting in disease recurrence and further treatment failure. Here we propose CuET—a proteasome-like inhibitor agent that is spontaneously formed in-vivo and in-vitro from the approved alcohol-abuse drug disulfiram (DSF), as a readily available treatment effective against diverse resistant forms of MM. We show that CuET efficiently kills also resistant MM cells adapted to proliferate under exposure to common anti-myeloma drugs such as bortezomib and carfilzomib used as the first-line therapy, as well as to other experimental drugs targeting protein degradation upstream of the proteasome. Furthermore, CuET can overcome also the adaptation mechanism based on reduced proteasome load, another clinically relevant form of treatment resistance. Data obtained from experimental treatment-resistant cellular models of human MM are further corroborated using rather unique advanced cytotoxicity experiments on myeloma and normal blood cells obtained from fresh patient biopsies including newly diagnosed as well as relapsed and treatment-resistant MM. Overall our findings suggest that disulfiram repurposing particularly if combined with copper supplementation may offer a promising and readily available treatment option for patients suffering from relapsed and/or therapy-resistant multiple myeloma.
Collapse
|
11
|
El Yaagoubi OM, Oularbi L, Bouyahya A, Samaki H, El Antri S, Aboudkhil S. The role of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in skin cancer development: 26S proteasome-activated NF-κB signal transduction. Cancer Biol Ther 2021; 22:479-492. [PMID: 34583610 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2021.1978785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System plays a central role in signal transduction associated with stress, in the skin in particular by the control of NF-κB pathways. Under normal conditions, the inhibitory protein IκB is phosphorylated by kinases, then ubiquitinated and ends up at the proteasome to be degraded. The present short review discusses recent progress in the inhibition of NF-κB activation by proteasome inhibitors prevents the degradation of protein IκB, which accumulates in the cytosol, and there by the activation of NF-κB. Moreover, would not only limit the expression of adhesion molecules and cytokines involved in metastatic processes, but also increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to apoptosis. Considering this fact, the activity of NF-κB is regulated by the phosphorylation and proteasome-dependent degradation of its inhibitor Iκb. In this scenario, the use of a proteasome inhibitor might be an effective strategy in the treatment of skin cancer with constitutive activation of NF-κB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ouadie Mohamed El Yaagoubi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Environment and Agri-Food (URAC 36) -Faculty of Sciences and Technology -Mohammedia, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Larbi Oularbi
- Laboratory of Materials, Membranes, and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology-Mohammedia, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.,Supramolecular Nanomaterials Group (SNG), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir Morocco
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.,Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hamid Samaki
- National Institute of Social Action (INAS), Tangier, Morocco
| | - Said El Antri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Environment and Agri-Food (URAC 36) -Faculty of Sciences and Technology -Mohammedia, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Souad Aboudkhil
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Environment and Agri-Food (URAC 36) -Faculty of Sciences and Technology -Mohammedia, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mowat C, Mosley SR, Namdar A, Schiller D, Baker K. Anti-tumor immunity in mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancers requires type I IFN-driven CCL5 and CXCL10. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20210108. [PMID: 34297038 PMCID: PMC8313406 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancers (CRCs) deficient in DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) contain abundant CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) responding to the abundant neoantigens from their unstable genomes. Priming of such tumor-targeted TILs first requires recruitment of CD8+ T cells into the tumors, implying that this is an essential prerequisite of successful dMMR anti-tumor immunity. We have discovered that selective recruitment and activation of systemic CD8+ T cells into dMMR CRCs strictly depend on overexpression of CCL5 and CXCL10 due to endogenous activation of cGAS/STING and type I IFN signaling by damaged DNA. TIL infiltration into orthotopic dMMR CRCs is neoantigen-independent and followed by induction of a resident memory-like phenotype key to the anti-tumor response. CCL5 and CXCL10 could be up-regulated by common chemotherapies in all CRCs, indicating that facilitating CD8+ T cell recruitment underlies their efficacy. Induction of CCL5 and CXCL10 thus represents a tractable therapeutic strategy to induce TIL recruitment into CRCs, where local priming can be maximized even in neoantigen-poor CRCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Mowat
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Afshin Namdar
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Daniel Schiller
- Department of Surgery, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Kristi Baker
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bacheva AV, Gotmanova NN, Belogurov AA, Kudriaeva AA. Control of Genome through Variative Nature of Histone-Modifying Ubiquitin Ligases. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2021; 86:S71-S95. [PMID: 33827401 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921140066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Covalent attachment of ubiquitin residue is not only the proteasomal degradation signal, but also a widespread posttranslational modification of cellular proteins in eukaryotes. One of the most important targets of the regulatory ubiquitination are histones. Localization of ubiquitin residue in different regions of the nucleosome attracts a strictly determined set of cellular factors with varied functionality. Depending on the type of histone and the particular lysine residue undergoing modification, histone ubiquitination can lead both to transcription activation and to gene repression, as well as contribute to DNA repair via different mechanisms. An extremely interesting feature of the family of RING E3 ubiquitin ligases catalyzing histone ubiquitination is the striking structural diversity of the domains providing high specificity of modification very similar initial targets. It is obvious that further elucidation of peculiarities of the ubiquitination system involved in histone modification, as well as understanding of physiological role of this process in the maintenance of homeostasis of both single cells and the entire organism, will substantially expand the possibilities of treating a number of socially significant diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Bacheva
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | | | - Alexey A Belogurov
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Anna A Kudriaeva
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Unravelling roles of error-prone DNA polymerases in shaping cancer genomes. Oncogene 2021; 40:6549-6565. [PMID: 34663880 PMCID: PMC8639439 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mutagenesis is a key hallmark and enabling characteristic of cancer cells, yet the diverse underlying mutagenic mechanisms that shape cancer genomes are not understood. This review will consider the emerging challenge of determining how DNA damage response pathways-both tolerance and repair-act upon specific forms of DNA damage to generate mutations characteristic of tumors. DNA polymerases are typically the ultimate mutagenic effectors of DNA repair pathways. Therefore, understanding the contributions of DNA polymerases is critical to develop a more comprehensive picture of mutagenic mechanisms in tumors. Selection of an appropriate DNA polymerase-whether error-free or error-prone-for a particular DNA template is critical to the maintenance of genome stability. We review different modes of DNA polymerase dysregulation including mutation, polymorphism, and over-expression of the polymerases themselves or their associated activators. Based upon recent findings connecting DNA polymerases with specific mechanisms of mutagenesis, we propose that compensation for DNA repair defects by error-prone polymerases may be a general paradigm molding the mutational landscape of cancer cells. Notably, we demonstrate that correlation of error-prone polymerase expression with mutation burden in a subset of patient tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas can identify mechanistic hypotheses for further testing. We contrast experimental approaches from broad, genome-wide strategies to approaches with a narrower focus on a few hundred base pairs of DNA. In addition, we consider recent developments in computational annotation of patient tumor data to identify patterns of mutagenesis. Finally, we discuss the innovations and future experiments that will develop a more comprehensive portrait of mutagenic mechanisms in human tumors.
Collapse
|
15
|
Nowak AJ, Relja B. The Impact of Acute or Chronic Alcohol Intake on the NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Alcohol-Related Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9407. [PMID: 33321885 PMCID: PMC7764163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethanol misuse is frequently associated with a multitude of profound medical conditions, contributing to health-, individual- and social-related damage. A particularly dangerous threat from this classification is coined as alcoholic liver disease (ALD), a liver condition caused by prolonged alcohol overconsumption, involving several pathological stages induced by alcohol metabolic byproducts and sustained cellular intoxication. Molecular, pathological mechanisms of ALD principally root in the innate immunity system and are especially associated with enhanced functionality of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway. NF-κB is an interesting and convoluted DNA transcription regulator, promoting both anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory gene expression. Thus, the abundancy of studies in recent years underlines the importance of NF-κB in inflammatory responses and the mechanistic stimulation of inner molecular motifs within the factor components. Hereby, in the following review, we would like to put emphasis on the correlation between the NF-κB inflammation signaling pathway and ALD progression. We will provide the reader with the current knowledge regarding the chronic and acute alcohol consumption patterns, the molecular mechanisms of ALD development, the involvement of the NF-κB pathway and its enzymatic regulators. Therefore, we review various experimental in vitro and in vivo studies regarding the research on ALD, including the recent active compound treatments and the genetic modification approach. Furthermore, our investigation covers a few human studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander J. Nowak
- Experimental Radiology, University Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Borna Relja
- Experimental Radiology, University Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sharma A, Almasan A. USP14 Regulates DNA Damage Response and Is a Target for Radiosensitization in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6383. [PMID: 32887472 PMCID: PMC7503721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents ~85% of the lung cancer cases. Despite recent advances in NSCLC treatment, the five-year survival rate is still around 23%. Radiotherapy is indicated in the treatment of both early and advanced stage NSCLC; however, treatment response in patients is heterogeneous. Thus, identification of new and more effective treatment combinations is warranted. We have identified Ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (USP14) s a regulator of major double-strand break (DSB) repair pathways in response to ionizing radiation (IR) by its impact on both non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR) in NSCLC. USP14 is a proteasomal deubiquitinase. IR treatment increases levels and DSB recruitment of USP14 in NSCLC cell lines. Genetic knockdown, using shUSP14 expression or pharmacological inhibition of USP14, using IU1, increases radiosensitization in NSCLC cell lines, as determined by a clonogenic survival assay. Moreover, shUSP14-expressing NSCLC cells show increased NHEJ efficiency, as indicated by chromatin recruitment of key NHEJ proteins, NHEJ reporter assay, and increased IR-induced foci formation by 53BP1 and pS2056-DNA-PKcs. Conversely, shUSP14-expressing NSCLC cells show decreased RPA32 and BRCA1 foci formation, suggesting HR-deficiency. These findings identify USP14 as an important determinant of DSB repair in response to radiotherapy and a promising target for NSCLC radiosensitization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arishya Sharma
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Alexandru Almasan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gachechiladze M, Škarda J, Skanderová D, Überall I, Kolek V, Smičkova P, Vojta P, Vbrková J, Hajdúch M, Shani I, Kolář Z, Stahel R, Weder W, Rulle U, Soltermann A, Joerger M. Prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and their association with PD-L1 expression and DNA repair protein RAD51 in patients with resected non-small cell lung carcinoma. Lung Cancer 2020; 147:30-38. [PMID: 32653671 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES DNA repair proteins have emerged as potential predictors for immunotherapy response alongside PD-L1 expression, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tumor mutational burden. We analyzed expression of PD-L1, TILs count and expression of the homologous recombination (HR) protein RAD51, as potential prognostic factors in patients with resected non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Discovery set included 96 NSCLC patients from the University Hospital Olomouc (Czech Republic) and a replication set included 1109 NSCLC patients from University Hospital Zurich (Switzerland). Tissue microarrays (TMAs) were stained using the automated staining platform Ventana Benchmark Ultra with antibodies against RAD51,CD3, CD8, CD68 and PD-L1. RESULTS Loss of nuclear RAD51 protein was associated with high TILs (r=-0.25, p = 0.01) and PD-L1 status (10.6 vs. 2.4 %, p = 0.012) in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemo-/radiotherapy (CT/RT). In silico analysis from the TCGA data set showed a negative relationship between RAD51 mRNA expression and CD45 (r = ‒0.422, p < 0.0001), CD68 (r = ‒0.326, p < 0.001), CD3 (r = ‒0.266, p < 0.001) and CD8 (r = ‒0.102, p < 0.001). RAD51 low/PD-L1 high patients were clustered as separate entity in the replication set and in TCGA dataset. High TILs status was significantly associated with improved OS in the replication set (unadjusted HR = 0.57, 95 % CI 0.42-0.76, p < 0.001). Similar results have been seen for CD3, CD8 and CD68. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, RAD51 nuclear loss is weakly associated with increased TILs and high PD-L1 at the time of surgery in curatively resected NSCLC and after prior exposure to neoadjuvant chemo- or radiotherapy. Both high TILs and RAD51 nuclear loss were confirmed as independent prognostic factors in curatively resected NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Gachechiladze
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Translational and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Josef Škarda
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Translational and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Skanderová
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Translational and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Überall
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Translational and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vítězslav Kolek
- Department of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Smičkova
- Department of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Vojta
- Laboratory of Genomics, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Vbrková
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Marián Hajdúch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University and University Hospital in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ilay Shani
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Kolář
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Translational and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Rolf Stahel
- Clinic of Oncology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Walter Weder
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Undine Rulle
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alex Soltermann
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Joerger
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital, CH-9007, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Machour FE, Ayoub N. Transcriptional Regulation at DSBs: Mechanisms and Consequences. Trends Genet 2020; 36:981-997. [PMID: 32001024 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Defective double-strand break (DSB) repair leads to genomic instabilities that may augment carcinogenesis. DSBs trigger transient transcriptional silencing in the vicinity of transcriptionally active genes through multilayered processes instigated by Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), and poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1). Novel factors have been identified that ensure DSB-induced silencing via two distinct pathways: direct inhibition of RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) mediated by negative elongation factor (NELF), and histone code editing by CDYL1 and histone deacetylases (HDACs) that catalyze H3K27me3 and erase lysine crotonylation, respectively. Here, we highlight major advances in understanding the mechanisms underlying transcriptional silencing at DSBs, and discuss its functional implications on repair. Furthermore, we discuss consequential links between DSB-silencing factors and carcinogenesis and discuss the potential of exploiting them for targeted cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feras E Machour
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Nabieh Ayoub
- Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Antoniou N, Lagopati N, Balourdas DI, Nikolaou M, Papalampros A, Vasileiou PVS, Myrianthopoulos V, Kotsinas A, Shiloh Y, Liontos M, Gorgoulis VG. The Role of E3, E4 Ubiquitin Ligase (UBE4B) in Human Pathologies. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:cancers12010062. [PMID: 31878315 PMCID: PMC7017255 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The genome is exposed daily to many deleterious factors. Ubiquitination is a mechanism that regulates several crucial cellular functions, allowing cells to react upon various stimuli in order to preserve their homeostasis. Ubiquitin ligases act as specific regulators and actively participate among others in the DNA damage response (DDR) network. UBE4B is a newly identified member of E3 ubiquitin ligases that appears to be overexpressed in several human neoplasms. The aim of this review is to provide insights into the role of UBE4B ubiquitin ligase in DDR and its association with p53 expression, shedding light particularly on the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Antoniou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., Goudi, GR-11527 Athens, Greece; (N.A.); (N.L.); (P.V.S.V.); (M.L.)
| | - Nefeli Lagopati
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., Goudi, GR-11527 Athens, Greece; (N.A.); (N.L.); (P.V.S.V.); (M.L.)
| | - Dimitrios Ilias Balourdas
- Department of Pharmacy, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, GR-15771 Athens, Greece; (D.I.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Michail Nikolaou
- General Maternal Hospital of Athens “Elena Venizelou”, GR-11521 Athens, Greece;
| | - Alexandros Papalampros
- First Department of Surgery, Laikon Teaching Hospital, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., Goudi, GR-11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Panagiotis V. S. Vasileiou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., Goudi, GR-11527 Athens, Greece; (N.A.); (N.L.); (P.V.S.V.); (M.L.)
| | - Vassilios Myrianthopoulos
- Department of Pharmacy, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, GR-15771 Athens, Greece; (D.I.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Athanassios Kotsinas
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., Goudi, GR-11527 Athens, Greece; (N.A.); (N.L.); (P.V.S.V.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (V.G.G.); Tel.: +30-210-746-2350 (V.G.G.)
| | - Yosef Shiloh
- The David and Inez Myers Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Michalis Liontos
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., Goudi, GR-11527 Athens, Greece; (N.A.); (N.L.); (P.V.S.V.); (M.L.)
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, GR-11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis G. Gorgoulis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., Goudi, GR-11527 Athens, Greece; (N.A.); (N.L.); (P.V.S.V.); (M.L.)
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (V.G.G.); Tel.: +30-210-746-2350 (V.G.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Garvin AJ. Beyond reversal: ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteases and the orchestration of the DNA double strand break repair response. Biochem Soc Trans 2019; 47:1881-1893. [PMID: 31769469 PMCID: PMC6925521 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The cellular response to genotoxic DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) uses a multitude of post-translational modifications to localise, modulate and ultimately clear DNA repair factors in a timely and accurate manner. Ubiquitination is well established as vital to the DSB response, with a carefully co-ordinated pathway of histone ubiquitination events being a central component of DSB signalling. Other ubiquitin-like modifiers (Ubl) including SUMO and NEDD8 have since been identified as playing important roles in DSB repair. In the last five years ∼20 additional Ub/Ubl proteases have been implicated in the DSB response. The number of proteases identified highlights the complexity of the Ub/Ubl signal present at DSBs. Ub/Ubl proteases regulate turnover, activity and protein-protein interactions of DSB repair factors both catalytically and non-catalytically. This not only ensures efficient repair of breaks but has a role in channelling repair into the correct DSB repair sub-pathways. Ultimately Ub/Ubl proteases have essential roles in maintaining genomic stability. Given that deficiencies in many Ub/Ubl proteases promotes sensitivity to DNA damaging chemotherapies, they could be attractive targets for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Garvin
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wu Y, Wei Q, Yu J. The cGAS/STING pathway: a sensor of senescence-associated DNA damage and trigger of inflammation in early age-related macular degeneration. Clin Interv Aging 2019; 14:1277-1283. [PMID: 31371933 PMCID: PMC6628971 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s200637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness among the elderly. Considering the relatively limited effect of therapy on early AMD, it is important to focus on the pathogenesis of AMD, especially early AMD. Ageing is one of the strongest risk factors for AMD, and analysis of the impact of ageing on AMD development is valuable. Among all the ageing hallmarks, increased DNA damage accumulation is regarded as the beginning of cellular senescence and is related to abnormal expression of inflammatory cytokines, which is called the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The exact pathway for DNA damage that triggers senescence-associated hallmarks is poorly understood. Recently, mounting evidence has shown that the cGAS/STING pathway is an important DNA sensor related to proinflammatory factor secretion and is associated with another hallmark of ageing, SASP. Thus, we hypothesized that the cGAS/STING pathway is a vital signalling pathway for early AMD development and that inhibition of STING might be a potential therapeutic strategy for AMD cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingquan Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated with Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Ninghai First Hospital, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Richter C, Marquardt S, Li F, Spitschak A, Murr N, Edelhäuser BAH, Iliakis G, Pützer BM, Logotheti S. Rewiring E2F1 with classical NHEJ via APLF suppression promotes bladder cancer invasiveness. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:292. [PMID: 31287003 PMCID: PMC6615232 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1286-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer progression has been associated with dysfunctional repair of double-strand breaks (DSB), a deleterious type of DNA lesions that fuel genomic instability. Accurate DSB repair relies on two distinct pathways, homologous recombination (HR) and classical non-homologous end-joining (c-NHEJ). The transcription factor E2F1 supports HR-mediated DSB repair and protects genomic stability. However, invasive bladder cancers (BC) display, in contrast to non-invasive stages, genomic instability despite their high E2F1 levels. Hence, E2F1 is either inefficient in controlling DSB repair in this setting, or rewires the repair apparatus towards alternative, error-prone DSB processing pathways. Methods RT-PCR and immunoblotting, in combination with bioinformatics tools were applied to monitor c-NHEJ factors status in high-E2F1-expressing, invasive BC versus low-E2F1-expressing, non-invasive BC. In vivo binding of E2F1 on target gene promoters was demonstrated by ChIP assays and E2F1 CRISPR-Cas9 knockdown. MIR888-dependent inhibition of APLF by E2F1 was demonstrated using overexpression and knockdown experiments, in combination with luciferase assays. Methylation status of MIR888 promoter was monitored by methylation-specific PCR. The changes in invasion potential and the DSB repair efficiency were estimated by Boyden chamber assays and pulse field electrophoresis, correspondingly. Results Herein, we show that E2F1 directly transactivates the c-NHEJ core factors Artemis, DNA-PKcs, ligase IV, NHEJ1, Ku70/Ku80 and XRCC4, but indirectly inhibits APLF, a chromatin modifier regulating c-NHEJ. Inhibition is achieved by miR-888-5p, a testis-specific, X-linked miRNA which, in normal tissues, is often silenced via promoter methylation. Upon hypomethylation in invasive BC cells, MIR888 is transactivated by E2F1 and represses APLF. Consequently, E2F1/miR-888/APLF rewiring is established, generating conditions of APLF scarcity that compromise proper c-NHEJ function. Perturbation of the E2F1/miR-888/APLF axis restores c-NHEJ and ameliorates cell invasiveness. Depletion of miR-888 can establish a ‘high E2F1/APLF/DCLRE1C’ signature, which was found to be particularly favorable for BC patient survival. Conclusion Suppression of the ‘out-of-context’ activity of miR-888 improves DSB repair and impedes invasiveness by restoring APLF. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1286-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christin Richter
- Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stephan Marquardt
- Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Fanghua Li
- Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, Essen, Germany
| | - Alf Spitschak
- Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nico Murr
- Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Berdien A H Edelhäuser
- Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - George Iliakis
- Institute of Medical Radiation Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen Medical School, Essen, Germany
| | - Brigitte M Pützer
- Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057, Rostock, Germany. .,Department Life, Light and Matter of the Interdisciplinary Faculty at Rostock University, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Stella Logotheti
- Institute of Experimental Gene Therapy and Cancer Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 69, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mediani L, Guillén-Boixet J, Vinet J, Franzmann TM, Bigi I, Mateju D, Carrà AD, Morelli FF, Tiago T, Poser I, Alberti S, Carra S. Defective ribosomal products challenge nuclear function by impairing nuclear condensate dynamics and immobilizing ubiquitin. EMBO J 2019; 38:e101341. [PMID: 31271238 PMCID: PMC6669919 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018101341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear protein aggregation has been linked to genome instability and disease. The main source of aggregation‐prone proteins in cells is defective ribosomal products (DRiPs), which are generated by translating ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Here, we report that DRiPs rapidly diffuse into the nucleus and accumulate in nucleoli and PML bodies, two membraneless organelles formed by liquid–liquid phase separation. We show that nucleoli and PML bodies act as dynamic overflow compartments that recruit protein quality control factors and store DRiPs for later clearance. Whereas nucleoli serve as constitutive overflow compartments, PML bodies are stress‐inducible overflow compartments for DRiPs. If DRiPs are not properly cleared by chaperones and proteasomes due to proteostasis impairment, nucleoli undergo amyloidogenesis and PML bodies solidify. Solid PML bodies immobilize 20S proteasomes and limit the recycling of free ubiquitin. Ubiquitin depletion, in turn, compromises the formation of DNA repair compartments at fragile chromosomal sites, ultimately threatening cell survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mediani
- Centre for Neuroscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Jonathan Vinet
- Centre for Neuroscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Genomic and post-Genomic Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Titus M Franzmann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ilaria Bigi
- Centre for Neuroscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Daniel Mateju
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Arianna D Carrà
- Centre for Neuroscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Federica F Morelli
- Centre for Neuroscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tatiana Tiago
- Centre for Neuroscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Ina Poser
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Simon Alberti
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.,Technische Universität Dresden, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC), Dresden, Germany
| | - Serena Carra
- Centre for Neuroscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li Y, Li Z, Zhu WG. Molecular Mechanisms of Epigenetic Regulators as Activatable Targets in Cancer Theranostics. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1328-1350. [PMID: 28933282 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170921101947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics is defined as somatically inheritable changes that are not accompanied by alterations in DNA sequence. Epigenetics encompasses DNA methylation, covalent histone modifications, non-coding RNA as well as nucleosome remodeling. Notably, abnormal epigenetic changes play a critical role in cancer development including malignant transformation, metastasis, prognosis, drug resistance and tumor recurrence, which can provide effective targets for cancer prognosis, diagnosis and therapy. Understanding these changes provide effective means for cancer diagnosis and druggable targets for better clinical applications. Histone modifications and related enzymes have been found to correlate well with cancer incidence and prognosis in recent years. Dysregulated expression or mutation of histone modification enzymes and histone modification status abnormalities have been considered to play essential roles in tumorigenesis and clinical outcomes of cancer treatment. Some of the histone modification inhibitors have been extensively employed in clinical practice and many others are still under laboratory research or pre-clinical assessment. Here we summarize the important roles of epigenetics, especially histone modifications in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics, and also discuss the developmental implications of activatable epigenetic targets in cancer theranostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinglu Li
- Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhiming Li
- Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518060, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Garvin AJ, Walker AK, Densham RM, Chauhan AS, Stone HR, Mackay HL, Jamshad M, Starowicz K, Daza-Martin M, Ronson GE, Lanz AJ, Beesley JF, Morris JR. The deSUMOylase SENP2 coordinates homologous recombination and nonhomologous end joining by independent mechanisms. Genes Dev 2019; 33:333-347. [PMID: 30796017 PMCID: PMC6411010 DOI: 10.1101/gad.321125.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SUMOylation (small ubiquitin-like modifier) in the DNA double-strand break (DSB) response regulates recruitment, activity, and clearance of repair factors. However, our understanding of a role for deSUMOylation in this process is limited. Here we identify different mechanistic roles for deSUMOylation in homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) through the investigation of the deSUMOylase SENP2. We found that regulated deSUMOylation of MDC1 prevents excessive SUMOylation and its RNF4-VCP mediated clearance from DSBs, thereby promoting NHEJ. In contrast, we show that HR is differentially sensitive to SUMO availability and SENP2 activity is needed to provide SUMO. SENP2 is amplified as part of the chromosome 3q amplification in many cancers. Increased SENP2 expression prolongs MDC1 focus retention and increases NHEJ and radioresistance. Collectively, our data reveal that deSUMOylation differentially primes cells for responding to DSBs and demonstrates the ability of SENP2 to tune DSB repair responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Garvin
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra K Walker
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth M Densham
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Anoop Singh Chauhan
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Helen R Stone
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah L Mackay
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Jamshad
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Katarzyna Starowicz
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Daza-Martin
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - George E Ronson
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander J Lanz
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - James F Beesley
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna R Morris
- Birmingham Centre for Genome Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jeusset LMP, McManus KJ. Developing Targeted Therapies That Exploit Aberrant Histone Ubiquitination in Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020165. [PMID: 30781493 PMCID: PMC6406838 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone ubiquitination is a critical epigenetic mechanism regulating DNA-driven processes such as gene transcription and DNA damage repair. Importantly, the cellular machinery regulating histone ubiquitination is frequently altered in cancers. Moreover, aberrant histone ubiquitination can drive oncogenesis by altering the expression of tumor suppressors and oncogenes, misregulating cellular differentiation and promoting cancer cell proliferation. Thus, targeting aberrant histone ubiquitination may be a viable strategy to reprogram transcription in cancer cells, in order to halt cellular proliferation and induce cell death, which is the basis for the ongoing development of therapies targeting histone ubiquitination. In this review, we present the normal functions of histone H2A and H2B ubiquitination and describe the role aberrant histone ubiquitination has in oncogenesis. We also describe the key benefits and challenges associated with current histone ubiquitination targeting strategies. As these strategies are predicted to have off-target effects, we discuss additional efforts aimed at developing synthetic lethal strategies and epigenome editing tools, which may prove pivotal in achieving effective and selective therapies targeting histone ubiquitination, and ultimately improving the lives and outcomes of those living with cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucile M-P Jeusset
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada.
| | - Kirk J McManus
- Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
53BP1: A key player of DNA damage response with critical functions in cancer. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 73:110-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
28
|
Yu N, Xue M, Wang W, Xia D, Li Y, Zhou X, Pang D, Lu K, Hou J, Zhang A, Zhuang T, Wang L, Chang T, Li X. RNF168 facilitates proliferation and invasion of esophageal carcinoma, possibly via stabilizing STAT1. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:1553-1561. [PMID: 30506884 PMCID: PMC6349343 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oesophageal cancer ranks as one of the most common malignancy in China and worldwide. Although genome‐wide association studies and molecular biology studies aim to elucidate the driver molecules in oesophageal cancer progression, the detailed mechanisms remain to be identified. Interestingly, RNF168 (RING finger protein 168) shows a high frequency of gene amplification in oesophageal cancer from TCGA database. Here, we report an important function for RNF168 protein in supporting oesophageal cancer growth and invasion by stabilizing STAT1 protein. RNF168 gene is amplified in oesophageal cancer samples, which tends to correlate with poor prognosis. Depletion RNF168 causes decreased cell proliferation and invasion in oesophageal cancer cells. Through unbiased RNA sequencing in RNF168 depleted oesophageal cancer cell, we identifies JAK‐STAT pathway is dramatically decreased. Depletion RNF168 reduced JAK‐STAT target genes, such as IRF1, IRF9 and IFITM1. Immuno‐precipitation reveals that RNF168 associates with STAT1 in the nucleus, stabilizing STAT1 protein and inhibiting its poly‐ubiquitination and degradation. Our study provides a novel mechanism that RNF168 promoting JAK‐STAT signalling in supporting oesophageal cancer progression. It could be a promising strategy to target RNF168 for oesophageal cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Center for Cancer Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Min Xue
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Weilong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Center for Cancer Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Dongxue Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Center for Cancer Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yajie Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Center for Cancer Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Center for Cancer Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Dan Pang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Center for Cancer Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Kui Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Center for Cancer Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Jinghan Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Center for Cancer Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Aijia Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Center for Cancer Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhuang
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Lidong Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Tingmin Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xiumin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Center for Cancer Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Liu Z, Zhang J, Xu J, Yang H, Li X, Hou Y, Zhao Y, Xue M, Wang B, Yu N, Yu S, Niu G, Wu G, Li X, Wang H, Zhu J, Zhuang T. RNF168 facilitates oestrogen receptor ɑ transcription and drives breast cancer proliferation. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4161-4170. [PMID: 29974997 PMCID: PMC6111850 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Oestrogen receptor ɑ (ERɑ) is overexpressed in two-thirds of all breast cancers and involves in development and breast cancer progression. Although ERɑ-positive breast cancer could be effective treated by endocrine therapy, the endocrine resistance is still an urgent clinical problem. Thus, further understanding of the underlying mechanisms ERɑ signalling is critical in dealing with endocrine resistance in breast cancer patients. MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cell lines are used to carry out the molecular biological experiments. Western blot is used to assess the relative protein level of ERɑ, RNF168 and actin. Real-time PCR is used the measure the relative ERɑ-related gene mRNA level. Luciferase assay is used to measure the relative ERɑ signalling activity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation is used to measure the RNF168 binding affinity to ERɑ promoter regions. WST assay and flow cytometry are used to measure the cell proliferation capacity. We use Student's t test and one-way ANOVA test for statistical data analysis. Here, we report an important role in ERɑ-positive breast cancer cells for RNF168 protein in supporting cell proliferation by driving the transcription of ERɑ. RNF168 is highly expressed in breast cancer samples, compared with normal breast tissue. In patients with breast cancer, RNF168 expression level is correlated with poor endocrine treatment outcome. Depletion of RNF168 causes decreased cell proliferation in MCF-7 and T47D cells. Besides, depletion RNF168 reduced mRNA level of ERɑ and its target genes, such as PS2 and GREB1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that ERɑ transcription is associated with RNF168 recruitment to ERɑ promoter region, suggesting that transcriptional regulation is one mechanism by which RNF168 regulates ERɑ mRNA level and ERɑ signalling in breast cancer cells. RNF168 is required for ERɑ-positive breast cancer cell proliferation and facilitate ERɑ signalling activity possibly through promoting transcription of ERɑ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted therapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Synthetic Biology Engineering Lab of Henan Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jinghang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Juntao Xu
- Rhil Rivers Technology (Beijing) Ltd., Beijing, China.,Department of Cancer Genomics, LemonData Biotech (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Huijie Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted therapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xin Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted therapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yingxiang Hou
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted therapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted therapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Min Xue
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted therapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted therapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Na Yu
- Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Center for Cancer Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Sifan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Renal cancer and Melanoma, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Niu
- Rhil Rivers Technology (Beijing) Ltd., Beijing, China.,Department of Cancer Genomics, LemonData Biotech (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Gaosong Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiumin Li
- Institute of Lung and Molecular Therapy (ILMT), Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Center for Cancer Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted therapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted therapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ting Zhuang
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, School of laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted therapy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Xiong D, Zhu SQ, Wu YB, Jin C, Jiang JH, Liao YF, Long X, Wu HB, Xu JJ, Li JJ, Ding JY. Ring finger protein 38 promote non-small cell lung cancer progression by endowing cell EMT phenotype. J Cancer 2018; 9:841-850. [PMID: 29581762 PMCID: PMC5868148 DOI: 10.7150/jca.23138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Ring finger protein 38 (RNF38), as an E3 ubiquitin ligase, plays an essential role in multiple biological processes by controlling cell apoptosis, cell cycle and DNA repair, and resides in chromosome 9 (9p13) which is involvement in cancer pathogenesis including lung cancer. However, its function in tumorigenesis remains unclear. Hence, this study set out to investigate the biological function and clinical implications of RNF38 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot were used to detect RNF38 protein and mRNA levels in NSCLC and corresponding paratumor tissues. Tissue microarrays (TMA) analysis of 208 NSCLC cases were used to evaluate the relationship between RNF38 expression and clinical implications. Prognostic value was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests. Wound-healing assays, trans-well assays, colony formation assays and CCK8 were used to assess cell migration, invasion and proliferative ability respectively. The analysis of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype was carried out by immunofluorescence and western blot. Results: Our data revealed that elevated RNF38 expression were more common in NSCLC tissues than paired normal tissues in both mRNA (2.82 ± 0.29 vs. 1.23 ± 0.13) and protein (2.75 ± 0.09 vs. 1.24 ± 0.02) level. High levels of RNF38 expression were significantly associated with lymph node metastases, higher TNM stages (p=0.011), larger tumor size (p=2.09E-04) and predicted poor prognosis. RNF38 expression was inversely correlated with E-cadherin expression (P= 0.025). Moreover, downregulation of RNF38 impaired the proliferation, metastatic and invasive abilities in NSCLC cells. In addition, aberrant RNF38 expression could modulate the key molecules of EMT. Conclusions: Our results indicate that elevated expression of RNF38 is significantly associated with the proliferation and metastatic capacity of NSCLC cells, and RNF38 overexpression can serve as a biomarker of NSCLC poor prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dian Xiong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Bing Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China
| | - Chun Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Hao Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Fei Liao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Long
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Bo Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Jun Li
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Kashgar Prefecture Second People's Hospital, Kashgar, Xinjiang 844000, China
| | - Jian-Yong Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fouquin A, Guirouilh-Barbat J, Lopez B, Hall J, Amor-Guéret M, Pennaneach V. PARP2 controls double-strand break repair pathway choice by limiting 53BP1 accumulation at DNA damage sites and promoting end-resection. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:12325-12339. [PMID: 29036662 PMCID: PMC5716083 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Double strand breaks (DSBs) are one of the most toxic lesions to cells. DSB repair by the canonical non-homologous end-joining (C-EJ) pathway involves minor, if any, processing of the broken DNA-ends, whereas the initiation of DNA resection channels the broken-ends toward DNA repair pathways using various lengths of homology. Mechanisms that control the resection initiation are thus central to the regulation to the choice of DSB repair pathway. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms which regulate the initiation of DNA end-resection is of prime importance. Our findings reveal that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 2 (PARP2) is involved in DSBR pathway choice independently of its PAR synthesis activity. We show that PARP2 favors repair by homologous recombination (HR), single strand annealing (SSA) and alternative-end joining (A-EJ) rather than the C-EJ pathway and increases the deletion sizes at A-EJ junctions. We demonstrate that PARP2 specifically limits the accumulation of the resection barrier factor 53BP1 at DNA damage sites, allowing efficient CtIP-dependent DNA end-resection. Collectively, we have identified a new PARP2 function, independent of its PAR synthesis activity, which directs DSBs toward resection-dependent repair pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Fouquin
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, UMR 3348, 91405 Orsay, France.,CNRS, UMR3348, Centre Universitaire, Bât. 110, 91405 Orsay, France.,Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 3348, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Josée Guirouilh-Barbat
- Université Paris Sud, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, CNRS UMR8200, 94805 Villejuif, France. Team labeled by la Ligue contre le cancer 'Ligue 2017'
| | - Bernard Lopez
- Université Paris Sud, Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, CNRS UMR8200, 94805 Villejuif, France. Team labeled by la Ligue contre le cancer 'Ligue 2017'
| | - Janet Hall
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM, CNRS, UMR 1052-5286, 69424 Lyon, France
| | - Mounira Amor-Guéret
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, UMR 3348, 91405 Orsay, France.,CNRS, UMR3348, Centre Universitaire, Bât. 110, 91405 Orsay, France.,Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 3348, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Vincent Pennaneach
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, UMR 3348, 91405 Orsay, France.,CNRS, UMR3348, Centre Universitaire, Bât. 110, 91405 Orsay, France.,Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 3348, 91405 Orsay, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bur H, Haapasaari KM, Turpeenniemi-Hujanen T, Kuittinen O, Auvinen P, Marin K, Soini Y, Karihtala P. Low Rap1-interacting factor 1 and sirtuin 6 expression predict poor outcome in radiotherapy-treated Hodgkin lymphoma patients. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 59:679-689. [PMID: 28786706 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1344840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) are a family of histone deacetylases, which widely regulate cellular metabolism and are also involved in DNA repair. Rap1-interacting factor 1 (Rif1) and O6-alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase (MGMT) are DNA-repair enzymes, which may potentially be involved in resistance to treatment of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). We assessed the expression levels of (previously unstudied) SIRT1, SIRT4, SIRT6, Rif1, and MGMT immunohistochemically in 85 patients with untreated classical HL. Aberrant distributions of SIRT1, SIRT4, and SIRT6 were detected in Hodgkin neoplastic Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells compared with reactive elements. Low-level expression of both Rif1 and SIRT6 predicted dismal relapse-free survival in radiotherapy-treated patients (multivariate analysis; HR 8.521; 95% CI 1.714-42.358; p = .0088). Expression levels of SIRT1, 4, and 6 were abnormally distributed in RS cells, suggesting a putative role of aberrant acetylation in classical HL carcinogenesis. Rif1 and SIRT6 may also have substantial prognostic and even predictive roles in classical HL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Bur
- a Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy , Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Kirsi-Maria Haapasaari
- b Department of Pathology , Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Taina Turpeenniemi-Hujanen
- a Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy , Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Outi Kuittinen
- a Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy , Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| | - Päivi Auvinen
- c Department of Oncology , Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Katja Marin
- c Department of Oncology , Cancer Center, Kuopio University Hospital and University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Ylermi Soini
- d Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine , Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Peeter Karihtala
- a Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy , Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu , Oulu , Finland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ojha R, Amaravadi RK. Targeting the unfolded protein response in cancer. Pharmacol Res 2017; 120:258-266. [PMID: 28396092 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells are exposed to various intrinsic and extrinsic factors that disrupt protein homeostasis, producing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. To cope with these situations, cancer cells evoke a highly conserved adaptive mechanism called the unfolded protein response (UPR) to restore the ER homeostasis. Recently, several pharmacological agents have been found to exhibit anti-tumor activity by targeting the UPR components. The development of potent and specific compounds that target the UPR components has not only shed light on the regulation of the UPR in cancer cells, but also brought the field closer to clinical drug candidates. Here we present an overview of the milestones in the field of UPR biology in cancer with a focus on new strategies for pharmacological inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rani Ojha
- Department of Medicine and Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Ravi K Amaravadi
- Department of Medicine and Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, United States.
| |
Collapse
|