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Sami Alkafaas S, Obeid OK, Ali Radwan M, Elsalahaty MI, Samy ElKafas S, Hafez W, Janković N, Hessien M. Novel insight into mitochondrial dynamin-related protein-1 as a new chemo-sensitizing target in resistant cancer cells. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107574. [PMID: 38936049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamics have pillar roles in several diseases including cancer. Cancer cell survival is monitored by mitochondria which impacts several cellular functions such as cell metabolism, calcium signaling, and ROS production. The equilibrium of death and survival rate of mitochondria is important for healthy cellular processes. Whereas inhibition of mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics can have crucial regulatory decisions between cell survival and death. The steady rate of physiological flux of both mitochondrial fission and fusion is strongly related to the preservation of cellular bioenergetics. Dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics including fission and fusion is a critical machinery in cells accompanied by crosstalk in cancer progression and resistance. Many cancer cells express high levels of Drp-1 to induce cancer cell invasion, metastasis and chemoresistance including breast cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colon cancer. Targeting Drp-1 by inhibitors such as Midivi-1 helps to enhance the responsiveness of cancer cells towards chemotherapy. The review showed Drp-1 linked processes such as mitochondrial dynamics and relationship with cancer, invasion, and chemoresistance along with computational assessing of all publicly available Drp-1 inhibitors. Drp1-IN-1, Dynole 34-2, trimethyloctadecylammonium bromide, and Schaftoside showed potential inhibitory effects on Drp-1 as compared to standard Mdivi- 1. This emerging approach may have extensive strength in the context of cancer development and chemoresistance and further work is needed to aid in more effective cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Sami Alkafaas
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Omar K Obeid
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Mustafa Ali Radwan
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Mohamed I Elsalahaty
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Sara Samy ElKafas
- Production Engineering and Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menofia University, Menofia, Egypt; Faculty of Control System and Robotics, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Wael Hafez
- NMC Royal Hospital, 16th Street, Khalifa, Abu Dhabi 35233, United Arab Emirates; Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, The National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nenad Janković
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Science, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Mohamed Hessien
- Molecular Cell Biology Unit, Division of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Egypt
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Han B, Zhen F, Sun Y, Sun B, Wang HY, Liu W, Huang J, Liang X, Wang YR, Chen XS, Li SJ, Hu J. Tumor suppressor KEAP1 promotes HSPA9 degradation, controlling mitochondrial biogenesis in breast cancer. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114507. [PMID: 39003742 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The oxidative-stress-related protein Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) is a substrate articulator of E3 ubiquitin ligase, which plays an important role in the ubiquitination modification of proteins. However, the function of KEAP1 in breast cancer and its impact on the survival of patients with breast cancer remain unclear. Our study demonstrates that KEAP1, a positive prognostic factor, plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle transition in breast cancer. We investigate the underlying mechanism using human tumor tissues, high-throughput detection technology, and a mouse xenograft tumor model. KEAP1 serves as a key regulator of cellular metabolism, the reprogramming of which is one of the hallmarks of tumorigenesis. KEAP1 has a significant effect on mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation by regulating HSPA9 ubiquitination and degradation. These results suggest that KEAP1 could serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150040, China
| | - Fang Zhen
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150040, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150040, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Research Center for Pharmacoinformatics (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China
| | - Hong-Yi Wang
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150040, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150040, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150040, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China
| | - Ya-Ru Wang
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150040, China
| | - Xue-Song Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150001, China.
| | - Shui-Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China.
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China.
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3
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Homma ST, Wang X, Frere JJ, Gower AC, Zhou J, Lim JK, tenOever BR, Zhou L. Respiratory SARS-CoV-2 Infection Causes Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Long-Lasting Energy Metabolism Suppression. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1443. [PMID: 39062017 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Muscle fatigue represents the most prevalent symptom of long-term COVID, with elusive pathogenic mechanisms. We performed a longitudinal study to characterize histopathological and transcriptional changes in skeletal muscle in a hamster model of respiratory SARS-CoV-2 infection and compared them with influenza A virus (IAV) and mock infections. Histopathological and bulk RNA sequencing analyses of leg muscles derived from infected animals at days 3, 30, and 60 post-infection showed no direct viral invasion but myofiber atrophy in the SARS-CoV-2 group, which was accompanied by persistent downregulation of the genes related to myofibers, ribosomal proteins, fatty acid β-oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complexes. While both SARS-CoV-2 and IAV infections induced acute and transient type I and II interferon responses in muscle, only the SARS-CoV-2 infection upregulated TNF-α/NF-κB but not IL-6 signaling in muscle. Treatment of C2C12 myotubes, a skeletal muscle cell line, with combined IFN-γ and TNF-α but not with IFN-γ or TNF-α alone markedly impaired mitochondrial function. We conclude that a respiratory SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause myofiber atrophy and persistent energy metabolism suppression without direct viral invasion. The effects may be induced by the combined systemic interferon and TNF-α responses at the acute phase and may contribute to post-COVID-19 persistent muscle fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko T Homma
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Xingyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Justin J Frere
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adam C Gower
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jingsong Zhou
- College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010, USA
| | - Jean K Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Benjamin R tenOever
- Department of Microbiology, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Lan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
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4
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Zheng T, Liu JH, Zhu TY, Li B, Li JS, Gu YY, Nie J, Xiong T, Lu FG. Novel insights into the glucose metabolic alterations of freshwater snails: a pathway to molluscicide innovation and snail control strategies. Parasitol Res 2024; 123:257. [PMID: 38940835 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08274-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
As ecosystem disruptors and intermediate hosts for various parasites, freshwater snails have significant socioeconomic impacts on human health, livestock production, and aquaculture. Although traditional molluscicides have been widely used to mitigate these effects, their environmental impact has encouraged research into alternative, biologically based strategies to create safer, more effective molluscicides and diminish the susceptibility of snails to parasites. This review focuses on alterations in glucose metabolism in snails under the multifaceted stressors of parasitic infections, drug exposure, and environmental changes and proposes a novel approach for snail management. Key enzymes within the glycolytic pathway, such as hexokinase and pyruvate kinase; tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle; and electron transport chains, such as succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase, are innovative targets for molluscicide development. These targets can affect both snails and parasites and provide an important direction for parasitic disease prevention research. For the first time, this review summarises the reverse TCA cycle and alternative oxidase pathway, which are unique metabolic bypasses in invertebrates that have emerged as suitable targets for the formulation of low-toxicity molluscicides. Additionally, it highlights the importance of other metabolic pathways, including lactate, alanine, glycogenolysis, and pentose phosphate pathways, in snail energy supply, antioxidant stress responses, and drug evasion mechanisms. By analysing the alterations in key metabolic enzymes and their products in stressed snails, this review deepens our understanding of glucose metabolic alterations in snails and provides valuable insights for identifying new pharmacological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zheng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Hao Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Yao Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Shan Li
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Yang Gu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Nie
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Xiong
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Fang Guo Lu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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5
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Baumgartner V, Schaer D, Moch H, Salemi S, Eberli D. Mitochondrial Elongation and ROS-Mediated Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells under Therapy with Apalutamide and Complex I Inhibitor. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6939. [PMID: 39000047 PMCID: PMC11241170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming and mitochondrial dynamics are pivotal in prostate cancer (PCa) progression and treatment resistance, making them essential targets for therapeutic intervention. In this study, we investigated the effects of the androgen receptor antagonist apalutamide (ARN) and the mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I inhibitor IACS-010759 (IACS) on the mitochondrial network architecture and dynamics in PCa cells. Treatment with ARN and/or IACS induced significant changes in mitochondrial morphology, particularly elongation, in androgen-sensitive PCa cells. Additionally, ARN and IACS modulated the mitochondrial fission and fusion processes, indicating a convergence of metabolic and androgen-signaling pathways in shaping mitochondrial function. Notably, the combination treatment with ARN and IACS resulted in increased apoptotic cell death and mitochondrial oxidative stress selectively in the androgen-sensitive PCa cells. Our findings highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting mitochondrial metabolism in prostate cancer and emphasize the need for further mechanistic understanding to optimize treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Baumgartner
- Laboratory for Urologic Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy, Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 21, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Schaer
- Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Holger Moch
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Souzan Salemi
- Laboratory for Urologic Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy, Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 21, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Eberli
- Laboratory for Urologic Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy, Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 21, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
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6
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Lee J, Han Y, Kim S, Jo H, Wang W, Cho U, Kim SI, Kim B, Song YS. Mitochondrial fission enhances IL-6-induced metastatic potential in ovarian cancer via ERK1/2 activation. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1536-1550. [PMID: 38433313 PMCID: PMC11093201 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a lethal gynecologic cancer mostly diagnosed in an advanced stage with an accumulation of ascites. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pro-inflammatory cytokine is highly elevated in malignant ascites and plays a pleiotropic role in cancer progression. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that undergo fission and fusion in response to external stimuli and dysregulation in their dynamics has been implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. Here, we investigate the effect of IL-6 on mitochondrial dynamics in ovarian cancer cells (OVCs) and its impact on metastatic potential. Treatment with IL-6 on ovarian cancer cell lines (SKOV3 and PA-1) led to an elevation in the metastatic potential of OVCs. Interestingly, a positive association was observed between dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), a regulator of mitochondrial fission, and IL-6R in metastatic ovarian cancer tissues. Additionally, IL-6 treatment on OVCs was linked to the activation of Drp1, with a notable increase in the ratio of the inhibitory form p-Drp1(S637) to the active form p-Drp1(S616), indicating enhanced mitochondrial fission. Moreover, IL-6 treatment triggered the activation of ERK1/2, and inhibiting ERK1/2 mitigated IL-6-induced mitochondrial fission. Suppressing mitochondrial fission through siRNA transfection and a pharmacological inhibitor reduced the IL-6-induced migration and invasion of OVCs. This was further supported by 3D invasion assays using patient-derived spheroids. Altogether, our study suggests the role of mitochondrial fission in the metastatic potential of OVCs induced by IL-6. The inhibition of mitochondrial fission could be a potential therapeutic approach to suppress the metastasis of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juwon Lee
- WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural BiotechnologySeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Youngjin Han
- Cancer Research Institute, College of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Soochi Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological SciencesStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of AgingStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - HyunA Jo
- WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural BiotechnologySeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Untack Cho
- Cancer Research Institute, College of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Se Ik Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Boyun Kim
- Department of SmartBio, College of Life and Health ScienceKyungsung UniversityBusanKorea
| | - Yong Sang Song
- WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural BiotechnologySeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
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7
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Fehsel K, Bouvier ML, Capobianco L, Lunetti P, Klein B, Oldiges M, Majora M, Löffler S. Neuroreceptor Inhibition by Clozapine Triggers Mitohormesis and Metabolic Reprogramming in Human Blood Cells. Cells 2024; 13:762. [PMID: 38727298 PMCID: PMC11083702 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The antipsychotic drug clozapine demonstrates superior efficacy in treatment-resistant schizophrenia, but its intracellular mode of action is not completely understood. Here, we analysed the effects of clozapine (2.5-20 µM) on metabolic fluxes, cell respiration, and intracellular ATP in human HL60 cells. Some results were confirmed in leukocytes of clozapine-treated patients. Neuroreceptor inhibition under clozapine reduced Akt activation with decreased glucose uptake, thereby inducing ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR). Metabolic profiling by liquid-chromatography/mass-spectrometry revealed downregulation of glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway, thereby saving glucose to keep the electron transport chain working. Mitochondrial respiration was dampened by upregulation of the F0F1-ATPase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1) leading to 30-40% lower oxygen consumption in HL60 cells. Blocking IF1 expression by cotreatment with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) increased apoptosis of HL60 cells. Upregulation of the mitochondrial citrate carrier shifted excess citrate to the cytosol for use in lipogenesis and for storage as triacylglycerol in lipid droplets (LDs). Accordingly, clozapine-treated HL60 cells and leukocytes from clozapine-treated patients contain more LDs than untreated cells. Since mitochondrial disturbances are described in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, clozapine-induced mitohormesis is an excellent way to escape energy deficits and improve cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Fehsel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Bergische Landstrasse 2, 40629 Duesseldorf, Germany;
| | - Marie-Luise Bouvier
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Bergische Landstrasse 2, 40629 Duesseldorf, Germany;
| | - Loredana Capobianco
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (L.C.); (P.L.)
| | - Paola Lunetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (L.C.); (P.L.)
| | - Bianca Klein
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Leo-Brandt-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (B.K.); (M.O.)
| | - Marko Oldiges
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Leo-Brandt-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany; (B.K.); (M.O.)
| | - Marc Majora
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), Auf’m Hennekamp 50, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Stefan Löffler
- Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Sana Klinikum Offenbach, Teaching Hospital of Goethe University, Starkenburgring 66, 63069 Offenbach, Germany;
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8
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Xing Y, Peng A, Yang J, Cheng Z, Yue Y, Liu F, Li F, Liu Y, Liu Q. Precisely Activating cGAS-STING Pathway with a Novel Peptide-Based Nanoagonist to Potentiate Immune Checkpoint Blockade Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309583. [PMID: 38233164 PMCID: PMC11022698 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
As an essential intracellular immune activation pathway, the cGAS-STING pathway has attracted broad attention in cancer treatment. However, low bioavailability, nonspecificity, and adverse effects of small molecule STING agonists severely limit their therapeutic efficacy and in vivo application. In this study, a peptide-based STING agonist is first proposed, and KLA is screened out to activate the cGAS-STING pathway by promoting mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) leakage. To precisely activate the cGAS-STING pathway and block the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, a multi-stimuli activatable peptide nanodrug (MAPN) is developed for the effective delivery of KLA and PD-L1 antagonist peptide (CVR). With rational design, MAPN achieved the site-specific release of KLA and CVR in response to multiple endogenous stimuli, simultaneously activating the cGAS-STING pathway and blocking PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, ultimately initiating robust and durable T cell anti-tumor immunity with a tumor growth inhibition rate of 78% and extending the median survival time of B16F10 tumor-bearing mice to 40 days. Overall, antimicrobial peptides, which can promote mtDNA leakage through damaging mitochondrial membranes, may be potential alternatives for small molecule STING agonists and giving a new insight for the design of novel STING agonists. Furthermore, MAPN presents a universal delivery platform for the effective synergy of multiple peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Xing
- School of PharmacyAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China
| | - Ao Peng
- School of PharmacyAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Jianhui Yang
- School of PharmacyAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Zhifei Cheng
- School of PharmacyAnhui University of Chinese MedicineHefei230012China
| | - Yi Yue
- School of PharmacyAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Feilong Liu
- School of PharmacyAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Fenghe Li
- School of PharmacyAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Qi Liu
- School of PharmacyAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
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9
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Li J, Liu Y, Zheng R, Qu C, Li J. Molecular mechanisms of TACE refractoriness: Directions for improvement of the TACE procedure. Life Sci 2024; 342:122540. [PMID: 38428568 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation (TACE) is the standard of care for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma and selected patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. However, TACE does not achieve a satisfactory objective response rate, and the concept of TACE refractoriness has been proposed to identify patients who do not fully benefit from TACE. Moreover, repeated TACE is necessary to obtain an optimal and sustained anti-tumour response, which may damage the patient's liver function. Therefore, studies have recently been performed to improve the effectiveness of TACE. In this review, we summarise the detailed molecular mechanisms associated with TACE responsiveness and relapse after this treatment to provide more effective targets for adjuvant therapy while helping to improve TACE regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Li
- Department of Interventional Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China; The Public Laboratory Platform of the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingnan Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruipeng Zheng
- Department of Interventional Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Qu
- Department of Interventional Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China; The Public Laboratory Platform of the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiarui Li
- Department of Interventional Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Singh D. Exploiting nuclear-mitochondrial cross-talk in theranostics: Enhancing drug delivery and diagnostic precision. Mitochondrion 2024; 75:101839. [PMID: 38158150 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.101839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The dynamic interplay between nuclear and mitochondrial processes plays a pivotal role in cellular homeostasis and disease progression. Exploiting this nuclear-mitochondrial cross-talk has emerged as a promising avenue in the field of theranostics, offering enhanced drug delivery and diagnostic precision for a wide range of medical conditions, particularly cancer. This abstract provides a brief overview of the key concepts and recent advancements in this rapidly evolving field. Recent research has elucidated the significance of mitochondrial dysfunction in various diseases, including cancer. Mitochondria, often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell, not only regulate energy production but also contribute to critical processes such as apoptosis, ROS generation, and metabolic signaling. Dysregulation of these mitochondrial functions is frequently associated with disease pathogenesis. In theranostics, the targeted modulation of mitochondrial function holds great promise. Mitochondria-targeted drug delivery systems have been designed to selectively deliver therapeutic agents to these organelles, thereby mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction while minimizing off-target effects. This precise drug delivery enhances the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs and reduces the risk of drug resistance. Moreover, the diagnostic potential of nuclear-mitochondrial cross-talk is being harnessed to develop novel biomarkers and imaging techniques. Mitochondrial DNA mutations and alterations in mitochondrial metabolism serve as valuable indicators of disease progression and drug responsiveness. Non-invasive imaging modalities, such as positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have been employed to visualize mitochondrial activity and assess therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilpreet Singh
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India.
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11
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Yang Y, Wang S, Wang XX, Guo S, Wang H, Shi Q, Tian Y, Wang H, Zhao T, Zhang H, Zhang B, Gao T, Li C, Yi X, Guo W. Tumorous IRE1α facilitates CD8 +T cells-dependent anti-tumor immunity and improves immunotherapy efficacy in melanoma. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:83. [PMID: 38291473 PMCID: PMC10826282 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01470-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor cells frequently suffer from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Previous studies have extensively elucidated the role of tumorous unfolded protein response in melanoma cells, whereas the effect on tumor immunology and the underlying mechanism remain elusive. METHODS Bioinformatics, biochemical assays and pre-clinical mice model were employed to demonstrate the role of tumorous inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease 1α (IRE1α) in anti-tumor immunity and the underlying mechanism. RESULTS We firstly found that IRE1α signaling activation was positively associated with the feature of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Then, pharmacological ER stress induction by HA15 exerted prominent anti-tumor effect in immunocompetent mice and was highly dependent on CD8+T cells, paralleled with the reshape of immune cells in tumor microenvironment via tumorous IRE1α-XBP1 signal. Subsequently, tumorous IRE1α facilitated the expression and secretion of multiple chemokines and cytokines via XBP1-NF-κB axis, leading to increased infiltration and anti-tumor capacity of CD8+T cells. Ultimately, pharmacological induction of tumorous ER stress by HA15 brought potentiated therapeutic effect along with anti-PD-1 antibody on melanoma in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Tumorous IRE1α facilitates CD8+T cells-dependent anti-tumor immunity and improves immunotherapy efficacy by regulating chemokines and cytokines via XBP1-NF-κB axis. The combination of ER stress inducer and anti-PD-1 antibody could be promising for increasing the efficacy of melanoma immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang-Xu Wang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sen Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huina Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yangzi Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hengxiang Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baolu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianwen Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiuli Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Weinan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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12
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Wang R, Huang S, Wang P, Shi X, Li S, Ye Y, Zhang W, Shi L, Zhou X, Tang X. Global trends and hotspots in the field of mitochondrial dynamics and hepatocellular carcinoma: A bibliometric analysis from 2007 to 2023. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24407. [PMID: 38293381 PMCID: PMC10826148 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondria are dynamic organelles, and mitochondrial dynamics are important for the maintenance of mitochondrial inheritance and function. Recently, an increasing number of studies have shown that mitochondrial dynamics play an important role in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, bibliometric analyses of mitochondrial dynamics in HCC are scarce. Therefore, we conducted a bibliometric analysis to explore the current global research status and trends in mitochondrial dynamics and HCC. Methods Global publications on mitochondrial dynamics and HCC published between 2007 and May 2023 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Bibliometric analysis was performed using Bibliometrix, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace to analyze the numbers, citations, countries, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords. Results A total of 518 publications were retrieved fromthe WoSCC database. China and The Fourth Military Medical University were the most productive countries and institutions. Zorzano, A published the most literature whereas Chen, HC was the author with the highest number of co-citations. Plos One was the most popular journal, whereas the Journal of Biological Chemistry had the highest number of co-citations. The most frequently used keyword was "mitochondria". Further analysis of the references and keywords showed that the molecular mechanisms linking them to drug therapy targets should be the focus of future studies. Conclusions Research on mitochondrial dynamics in HCC has received much attention, and many studies have been published. However, research on mitochondrial dynamics and HCC has been limited by insufficient regional development imbalances and global cooperation. Nevertheless, future research on mitochondrial dynamics and HCC is promising, especially regarding the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial fission and fusion and how to link the currently known molecular mechanisms with drug therapy targets for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Shu Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianshui County People’ Hospital, Huaian, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lianshui People’ Hospital of Kangda College Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Shiqi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Yusong Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Xian Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
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13
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Skalka GL, Tsakovska M, Murphy DJ. Kinase signalling adaptation supports dysfunctional mitochondria in disease. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1354682. [PMID: 38434478 PMCID: PMC10906720 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1354682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria form a critical control nexus which are essential for maintaining correct tissue homeostasis. An increasing number of studies have identified dysregulation of mitochondria as a driver in cancer. However, which pathways support and promote this adapted mitochondrial function? A key hallmark of cancer is perturbation of kinase signalling pathways. These pathways include mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK), lipid secondary messenger networks, cyclic-AMP-activated (cAMP)/AMP-activated kinases (AMPK), and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) networks. These signalling pathways have multiple substrates which support initiation and persistence of cancer. Many of these are involved in the regulation of mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial apoptosis, mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial associated membranes (MAMs), and retrograde ROS signalling. This review will aim to both explore how kinase signalling integrates with these critical mitochondrial pathways and highlight how these systems can be usurped to support the development of disease. In addition, we will identify areas which require further investigation to fully understand the complexities of these regulatory interactions. Overall, this review will emphasize how studying the interaction between kinase signalling and mitochondria improves our understanding of mitochondrial homeostasis and can yield novel therapeutic targets to treat disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- George L. Skalka
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mina Tsakovska
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel J. Murphy
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- CRUK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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14
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Javed Z, Shin DH, Pan W, White SR, Kim YS, Elhaw AT, Kamlapurkar S, Cheng YY, Benson JC, Abdelnaby AE, Phaëton R, Wang HG, Yang S, Sullivan ML, St.Croix CM, Watkins SC, Mullett SJ, Gelhaus SL, Lee N, Coffman LG, Aird KM, Trebak M, Mythreye K, Walter V, Hempel N. Alternative splice variants of the mitochondrial fission protein DNM1L/Drp1 regulate mitochondrial dynamics and tumor progression in ovarian cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.20.558501. [PMID: 37790404 PMCID: PMC10542115 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.20.558501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics have been reported in cancer cells. While post translational modifications are known regulators of the mitochondrial fission/fusion machinery, we show that alternative splice variants of the fission protein Drp1 (DNM1L) have specific and unique roles in cancer, adding to the complexity of mitochondrial fission/fusion regulation in tumor cells. Ovarian cancer specimens express an alternative splice transcript variant of Drp1 lacking exon 16 of the variable domain, and high expression of this splice variant relative to other transcripts is associated with poor patient outcome. Unlike the full-length variant, expression of Drp1 lacking exon 16 leads to decreased association of Drp1 to mitochondrial fission sites, more fused mitochondrial networks, enhanced respiration, and TCA cycle metabolites, and is associated with a more metastatic phenotype in vitro and in vivo. These pro-tumorigenic effects can also be inhibited by specific siRNA-mediated inhibition of the endogenously expressed transcript lacking exon 16. Moreover, lack of exon 16 abrogates mitochondrial fission in response to pro-apoptotic stimuli and leads to decreased sensitivity to chemotherapeutics. These data emphasize the significance of the pathophysiological consequences of Drp1 alternative splicing and divergent functions of Drp1 splice variants, and strongly warrant consideration of Drp1 splicing in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaineb Javed
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Dong Hui Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Weihua Pan
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Sierra R. White
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Vascular Medicine Institute (VMI), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Yeon Soo Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Amal Taher Elhaw
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Shriya Kamlapurkar
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Ya-Yun Cheng
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - J Cory Benson
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Ahmed Emam Abdelnaby
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Rébécca Phaëton
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Hong-Gang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA; Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mara L.G. Sullivan
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA; Division of Pharmacology, Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Claudette M. St.Croix
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA; Division of Pharmacology, Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Simon C. Watkins
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA; Division of Pharmacology, Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Steven J. Mullett
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA; Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stacy L. Gelhaus
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA; Health Sciences Mass Spectrometry Core, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nam Lee
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA; Division of Pharmacology, Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Lan G. Coffman
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Katherine M. Aird
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
- Vascular Medicine Institute (VMI), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Vascular Medicine Institute (VMI), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
| | - Karthikeyan Mythreye
- Department of Pathology and O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Vonn Walter
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Nadine Hempel
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
- Vascular Medicine Institute (VMI), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA, USA
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15
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Roy S, Das A, Bairagi A, Das D, Jha A, Srivastava AK, Chatterjee N. Mitochondria act as a key regulatory factor in cancer progression: Current concepts on mutations, mitochondrial dynamics, and therapeutic approach. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2024; 793:108490. [PMID: 38460864 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2024.108490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The diversified impacts of mitochondrial function vs. dysfunction have been observed in almost all disease conditions including cancers. Mitochondria play crucial roles in cellular homeostasis and integrity, however, mitochondrial dysfunctions influenced by alterations in the mtDNA can disrupt cellular balance. Many external stimuli or cellular defects that cause cellular integrity abnormalities, also impact mitochondrial functions. Imbalances in mitochondrial activity can initiate and lead to accumulations of genetic mutations and can promote the processes of tumorigenesis, progression, and survival. This comprehensive review summarizes epigenetic and genetic alterations that affect the functionality of the mitochondria, with considerations of cellular metabolism, and as influenced by ethnicity. We have also reviewed recent insights regarding mitochondrial dynamics, miRNAs, exosomes that play pivotal roles in cancer promotion, and the impact of mitochondrial dynamics on immune cell mechanisms. The review also summarizes recent therapeutic approaches targeting mitochondria in anti-cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sraddhya Roy
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Ananya Das
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Aparajita Bairagi
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Debangshi Das
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Ashna Jha
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Amit Kumar Srivastava
- CSIR-IICB Translational Research Unit Of Excellence, CN-6, Salt Lake, Sector - V, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Nabanita Chatterjee
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India.
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16
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Holcombe J, Weavers H. Functional-metabolic coupling in distinct renal cell types coordinates organ-wide physiology and delays premature ageing. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8405. [PMID: 38110414 PMCID: PMC10728150 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44098-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise coupling between cellular physiology and metabolism is emerging as a vital relationship underpinning tissue health and longevity. Nevertheless, functional-metabolic coupling within heterogenous microenvironments in vivo remains poorly understood due to tissue complexity and metabolic plasticity. Here, we establish the Drosophila renal system as a paradigm for linking mechanistic analysis of metabolism, at single-cell resolution, to organ-wide physiology. Kidneys are amongst the most energetically-demanding organs, yet exactly how individual cell types fine-tune metabolism to meet their diverse, unique physiologies over the life-course remains unclear. Integrating live-imaging of metabolite and organelle dynamics with spatio-temporal genetic perturbation within intact functional tissue, we uncover distinct cellular metabolic signatures essential to support renal physiology and healthy ageing. Cell type-specific programming of glucose handling, PPP-mediated glutathione regeneration and FA β-oxidation via dynamic lipid-peroxisomal networks, downstream of differential ERR receptor activity, precisely match cellular energetic demands whilst limiting damage and premature senescence; however, their dramatic dysregulation may underlie age-related renal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Holcombe
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Helen Weavers
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
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17
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Crowell PD, Giafaglione JM, Jones AE, Nunley NM, Hashimoto T, Delcourt AML, Petcherski A, Agrawal R, Bernard MJ, Diaz JA, Heering KY, Huang RR, Low JY, Matulionis N, Navone NM, Ye H, Zoubeidi A, Christofk HR, Rettig MB, Reiter RE, Haffner MC, Boutros PC, Shirihai OS, Divakaruni AS, Goldstein AS. MYC is a regulator of androgen receptor inhibition-induced metabolic requirements in prostate cancer. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113221. [PMID: 37815914 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced prostate cancers are treated with therapies targeting the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway. While many tumors initially respond to AR inhibition, nearly all develop resistance. It is critical to understand how prostate tumor cells respond to AR inhibition in order to exploit therapy-induced phenotypes prior to the outgrowth of treatment-resistant disease. Here, we comprehensively characterize the effects of AR blockade on prostate cancer metabolism using transcriptomics, metabolomics, and bioenergetics approaches. The metabolic response to AR inhibition is defined by reduced glycolysis, robust elongation of mitochondria, and increased reliance on mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. We establish DRP1 activity and MYC signaling as mediators of AR-blockade-induced metabolic phenotypes. Rescuing DRP1 phosphorylation after AR inhibition restores mitochondrial fission, while rescuing MYC restores glycolytic activity and prevents sensitivity to complex I inhibition. Our study provides insight into the regulation of treatment-induced metabolic phenotypes and vulnerabilities in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preston D Crowell
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jenna M Giafaglione
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Anthony E Jones
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nicholas M Nunley
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Takao Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Amelie M L Delcourt
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Anton Petcherski
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Raag Agrawal
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Matthew J Bernard
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Johnny A Diaz
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kylie Y Heering
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Rong Rong Huang
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jin-Yih Low
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Nedas Matulionis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nora M Navone
- Department of GU Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Huihui Ye
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Amina Zoubeidi
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Heather R Christofk
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Matthew B Rettig
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Robert E Reiter
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michael C Haffner
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Institute for Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Orian S Shirihai
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ben Gurion University of The Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ajit S Divakaruni
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Andrew S Goldstein
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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18
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Hasani S, Young LEA, Van Nort W, Banerjee M, Rivas DR, Kim J, Xiong X, Sun RC, Gentry MS, Sesaki H, Gao T. Inhibition of mitochondrial fission activates glycogen synthesis to support cell survival in colon cancer. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:664. [PMID: 37816729 PMCID: PMC10564897 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06202-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming has been recognized as one of the major mechanisms that fuel tumor initiation and progression. Our previous studies demonstrate that activation of Drp1 promotes fatty acid oxidation and downstream Wnt signaling. Here we investigate the role of Drp1 in regulating glycogen metabolism in colon cancer. Knockdown of Drp1 decreases mitochondrial respiration without increasing glycolysis. Analysis of cellular metabolites reveals that the levels of glucose-6-phosphate, a precursor for glycogenesis, are significantly elevated whereas pyruvate and other TCA cycle metabolites remain unchanged in Drp1 knockdown cells. Additionally, silencing Drp1 activates AMPK to stimulate the expression glycogen synthase 1 (GYS1) mRNA and promote glycogen storage. Using 3D organoids from Apcf/f/Villin-CreERT2 models, we show that glycogen levels are elevated in tumor organoids upon genetic deletion of Drp1. Similarly, increased GYS1 expression and glycogen accumulation are detected in xenograft tumors derived from Drp1 knockdown colon cancer cells. Functionally, increased glycogen storage provides survival advantage to Drp1 knockdown cells. Co-targeting glycogen phosphorylase-mediated glycogenolysis sensitizes Drp1 knockdown cells to chemotherapy drug treatment. Taken together, our results suggest that Drp1-loss activates glucose uptake and glycogenesis as compensative metabolic pathways to promote cell survival. Combined inhibition of glycogen metabolism may enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents for colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumati Hasani
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lyndsay E A Young
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Warren Van Nort
- College of Agriculture, Food & Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Moumita Banerjee
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0679, USA
| | - Dylan R Rivas
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0679, USA
| | - Jinhwan Kim
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0679, USA
| | - Xiaopeng Xiong
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0679, USA
| | - Ramon C Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Matthew S Gentry
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hiromi Sesaki
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tianyan Gao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0679, USA.
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19
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Guo Y, Luo C, Sun Y, Guo W, Zhang R, Zhang X, Ke X, Wei L. Inhibition of mitochondrial fusion via SIRT1/PDK2/PARL axis breaks mitochondrial metabolic plasticity and sensitizes cancer cells to glucose restriction therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115342. [PMID: 37633053 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria dynamically change their morphology via fusion and fission, a process called mitochondrial dynamics. Dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics respond rapidly to metabolic cues, and are linked to the initiation and progression of diverse human cancers. Metabolic adaptations significantly contribute to tumor development and escape from tissue homeostatic defenses. In this work, we identified oroxylin A (OA), a dual GLUT1/mitochondrial fusion inhibitor, which restricted glucose catabolism of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and simultaneously inhibited mitochondrial fusion by disturbing SIRT1/PDK2/PARL axis. Based the dual action of OA in metabolic regulation and mitochondrial dynamics, further results revealed that mitochondrial functional status and spare respiratory capacity (SRC) of cancer cells had a close correlation with mitochondrial metabolic plasticity, and played important roles in the susceptibility to cancer therapy aiming at glucose restriction. Cancer cells with healthy mitochondria and high SRC exhibit greater metabolic flexibility and higher resistance to GLUT1 inhibitors. This phenomenon is attributed to the fact that high SRC cells fuse mitochondria in response to glucose restriction, enhancing tolerance to energy deficiency, but undergo less mitochondrial oxidative stress compared to low SRC cells. Thus, inhibiting mitochondrial fusion breaks mitochondrial metabolic plasticity and increases cancer cell susceptibility to glucose restriction therapy. Collectively, these finding indicate that combining a GLUT1 inhibitor with a mitochondrial fusion inhibitor can work synergistically in cancer therapy and, more broadly, suggest that the incorporations of mitochondrial dynamics and metabolic regulation may become the targetable vulnerabilities bypassing the genotypic heterogeneity of multiple malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Guo
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengju Luo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuening Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruitian Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Ke
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Libin Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Colpman P, Dasgupta A, Archer SL. The Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics and Mitotic Fission in Regulating the Cell Cycle in Cancer and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Implications for Dynamin-Related Protein 1 and Mitofusin2 in Hyperproliferative Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:1897. [PMID: 37508561 PMCID: PMC10378656 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, which generate ATP through aerobic respiration, also have important noncanonical functions. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles, that engage in fission (division), fusion (joining) and translocation. They also regulate intracellular calcium homeostasis, serve as oxygen-sensors, regulate inflammation, participate in cellular and organellar quality control and regulate the cell cycle. Mitochondrial fission is mediated by the large GTPase, dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) which, when activated, translocates to the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) where it interacts with binding proteins (Fis1, MFF, MiD49 and MiD51). At a site demarcated by the endoplasmic reticulum, fission proteins create a macromolecular ring that divides the organelle. The functional consequence of fission is contextual. Physiological fission in healthy, nonproliferating cells mediates organellar quality control, eliminating dysfunctional portions of the mitochondria via mitophagy. Pathological fission in somatic cells generates reactive oxygen species and triggers cell death. In dividing cells, Drp1-mediated mitotic fission is critical to cell cycle progression, ensuring that daughter cells receive equitable distribution of mitochondria. Mitochondrial fusion is regulated by the large GTPases mitofusin-1 (Mfn1) and mitofusin-2 (Mfn2), which fuse the OMM, and optic atrophy 1 (OPA-1), which fuses the inner mitochondrial membrane. Mitochondrial fusion mediates complementation, an important mitochondrial quality control mechanism. Fusion also favors oxidative metabolism, intracellular calcium homeostasis and inhibits cell proliferation. Mitochondrial lipids, cardiolipin and phosphatidic acid, also regulate fission and fusion, respectively. Here we review the role of mitochondrial dynamics in health and disease and discuss emerging concepts in the field, such as the role of central versus peripheral fission and the potential role of dynamin 2 (DNM2) as a fission mediator. In hyperproliferative diseases, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension and cancer, Drp1 and its binding partners are upregulated and activated, positing mitochondrial fission as an emerging therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierce Colpman
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Asish Dasgupta
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Stephen L Archer
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
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21
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Bergamini C, Leoni I, Rizzardi N, Melli M, Galvani G, Coada CA, Giovannini C, Monti E, Liparulo I, Valenti F, Ferracin M, Ravaioli M, Cescon M, Vasuri F, Piscaglia F, Negrini M, Stefanelli C, Fato R, Gramantieri L, Fornari F. MiR-494 induces metabolic changes through G6pc targeting and modulates sorafenib response in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:145. [PMID: 37301960 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02718-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic reprogramming is a well-known marker of cancer, and it represents an early event during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. The recent approval of several molecular targeted agents has revolutionized the management of advanced HCC patients. Nevertheless, the lack of circulating biomarkers still affects patient stratification to tailored treatments. In this context, there is an urgent need for biomarkers to aid treatment choice and for novel and more effective therapeutic combinations to avoid the development of drug-resistant phenotypes. This study aims to prove the involvement of miR-494 in metabolic reprogramming of HCC, to identify novel miRNA-based therapeutic combinations and to evaluate miR-494 potential as a circulating biomarker. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis identified miR-494 metabolic targets. QPCR analysis of glucose 6-phosphatase catalytic subunit (G6pc) was performed in HCC patients and preclinical models. Functional analysis and metabolic assays assessed G6pc targeting and miR-494 involvement in metabolic changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ROS production in HCC cells. Live-imaging analysis evaluated the effects of miR-494/G6pc axis in cell growth of HCC cells under stressful conditions. Circulating miR-494 levels were assayed in sorafenib-treated HCC patients and DEN-HCC rats. RESULTS MiR-494 induced the metabolic shift of HCC cells toward a glycolytic phenotype through G6pc targeting and HIF-1A pathway activation. MiR-494/G6pc axis played an active role in metabolic plasticity of cancer cells, leading to glycogen and lipid droplets accumulation that favored cell survival under harsh environmental conditions. High miR-494 serum levels associated with sorafenib resistance in preclinical models and in a preliminary cohort of HCC patients. An enhanced anticancer effect was observed for treatment combinations between antagomiR-494 and sorafenib or 2-deoxy-glucose in HCC cells. CONCLUSIONS MiR-494/G6pc axis is critical for the metabolic rewiring of cancer cells and associates with poor prognosis. MiR-494 deserves attention as a candidate biomarker of likelihood of response to sorafenib to be tested in future validation studies. MiR-494 represents a promising therapeutic target for combination strategies with sorafenib or metabolic interference molecules for the treatment of HCC patients who are ineligible for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bergamini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilaria Leoni
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921, Rimini, Italy
| | - Nicola Rizzardi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mattia Melli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Galvani
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921, Rimini, Italy
| | | | - Catia Giovannini
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Monti
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921, Rimini, Italy
| | - Irene Liparulo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Valenti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Ravaioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Hepato-biliary Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Cescon
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Hepato-biliary Surgery and Transplant Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Vasuri
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti, 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimo Negrini
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44100, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudio Stefanelli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921, Rimini, Italy
| | - Romana Fato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Gramantieri
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Massarenti, 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Francesca Fornari
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research - CRBA, University of Bologna, Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921, Rimini, Italy.
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22
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Xu X, Wang X, Chen Q, Zheng A, Li D, Meng Z, Li X, Cai H, Li W, Huang S, Wang F. Sp1 promotes tumour progression by remodelling the mitochondrial network in cervical cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:307. [PMID: 37147632 PMCID: PMC10163764 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04141-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer remains one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that specificity protein 1 (Sp1) plays a pivotal role in tumour progression. The underlying role and mechanism of Sp1 in tumour progression remain unclear. METHODS The protein level of Sp1 in tumour tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry. The effect of Sp1 expression on the biological characteristics of cervical cancer cells was assessed by colony, wound healing, transwell formation, EdU, and TUNEL assays. Finally, the underlying mechanisms and effects of Sp1 on the mitochondrial network and metabolism of cervical cancer were analysed both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Sp1 expression was upregulated in cervical cancer. Sp1 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, while overexpression of Sp1 had the opposite effects. Mechanistically, Sp1 facilitated mitochondrial remodelling by regulating mitofusin 1/2 (Mfn1/2), OPA1 mitochondrial dynamin-like GTPase (Opa1), and dynamin 1-like (Drp1). Additionally, the Sp1-mediated reprogramming of glucose metabolism played a critical role in the progression of cervical cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that Sp1 plays a vital role in cervical tumorigenesis by regulating the mitochondrial network and reprogramming glucose metabolism. Targeting Sp1 could be an effective strategy for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaona Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qihui Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Aman Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Donglu Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ziqi Meng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xinran Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hanchen Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wangzhi Li
- School of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shiyuan Huang
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 West Xueyuan Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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23
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Song J, Ren T, Duan Y, Guo H, Wang G, Gan Y, Bai M, Dong X, Zhao Z, An J. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma cells regulated by β-catenin signaling pathway. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1140256. [PMID: 37064109 PMCID: PMC10090467 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1140256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundNear-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging has recently emerged as a promising tool for noninvasive cancer imaging. However, lack of tumor sensitivity and specificity restricts the application of NIRF dyes in surgical navigation.MethodsHerein, we investigated the imaging features of NIRF dye MHI-148 and indocyanine green (ICG) in live cell imaging and xenograft nude mice models. TCGA dataset analysis and immunohistochemistry were conducted to investigate the expression of OATPs or ABCGs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues. OATPs or ABCGs were knocked down and overexpressed in HCC cells using transient transfection by siRNA and plasmids or stable transfection by lentivirus. Further, qRT-PCR ,Western blotting and the use of agonists or inhibitors targeting β-catenin signaling pathway were applied to explore its important role in regulation of OATP2B1 and ABCG2 expression.ResultsHere we demonstrated that NIRF dye MHI-148 was biocompatible as indocyanine green (ICG) but with higher imaging intensity and preferential uptake and retention in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and tissues. Moreover, our data indicated that membrane transporters OATP2B1 and ABCG2, which regulated by β-catenin signaling pathway, mediated tumor-specific accumulation and retention of MHI-148 in HCC cells. In addition, the treatment with β-catenin inhibitor significantly enhanced the accumulation of MHI-148 in HCC tissues and improved the efficacy of tumor imaging with MHI-148 in vivo.ConclusionsOur study uncovers a mechanism that links the distribution and expression of the membrane transporters OATP2B1 and ABCG2 to the tumor-specific accumulation of MHI-148, and provides evidence supporting a regulating role of the β-catenin signaling pathway in OATP2B1 and ABCG2- induced retention of MHI-148 inHCC tissues, and strategy targeting key components of MHI-148 transport machinery may be a potential approach to improve HCC imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Tingting Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaze An, ; Tingting Ren, ; Zheng Zhao,
| | - Yanheng Duan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Haitao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yu Gan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mengcai Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaotian Dong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Third Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaze An, ; Tingting Ren, ; Zheng Zhao,
| | - Jiaze An
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Jiaze An, ; Tingting Ren, ; Zheng Zhao,
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24
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Yi X, Wang H, Yang Y, Wang H, Zhang H, Guo S, Chen J, Du J, Tian Y, Ma J, Zhang B, Wu L, Shi Q, Gao T, Guo W, Li C. SIRT7 orchestrates melanoma progression by simultaneously promoting cell survival and immune evasion via UPR activation. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:107. [PMID: 36918544 PMCID: PMC10015075 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01314-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most lethal type of skin cancer, originating from the malignant transformation of melanocyte. While the development of targeted therapy and immunotherapy has gained revolutionary advances in potentiating the therapeutic effect, the prognosis of patients with melanoma is still suboptimal. During tumor progression, melanoma frequently encounters stress from both endogenous and exogenous sources in tumor microenvironment. SIRT7 is a nuclear-localized deacetylase of which the activity is highly dependent on intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), with versatile biological functions in maintaining cell homeostasis. Nevertheless, whether SIRT7 regulates tumor cell biology and tumor immunology in melanoma under stressful tumor microenvironment remains elusive. Herein, we reported that SIRT7 orchestrates melanoma progression by simultaneously promoting tumor cell survival and immune evasion via the activation of unfolded protein response. We first identified that SIRT7 expression was the most significantly increased one in sirtuins family upon stress. Then, we proved that the deficiency of SIRT7 potentiated tumor cell death under stress in vitro and suppressed melanoma growth in vivo. Mechanistically, SIRT7 selectively activated the IRE1α-XBP1 axis to potentiate the pro-survival ERK signal pathway and the secretion of tumor-promoting cytokines. SIRT7 directly de-acetylated SMAD4 to antagonize the TGF-β-SMAD4 signal, which relieved the transcriptional repression on IRE1α and induced the activation of the IRE1α-XBP1 axis. Moreover, SIRT7 up-regulation eradicated anti-tumor immunity by promoting PD-L1 expression via the IRE1α-XBP1 axis. Additionally, the synergized therapeutic effect of SIRT7 suppression and anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade was also investigated. Taken together, SIRT7 can be employed as a promising target to restrain tumor growth and increase the effect of melanoma immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127 of West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Huina Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127 of West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Yuqi Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127 of West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127 of West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Hengxiang Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127 of West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Sen Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127 of West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Jianru Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127 of West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127 of West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Yangzi Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127 of West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127 of West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Baolu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127 of West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127 of West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127 of West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Tianwen Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127 of West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Weinan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127 of West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No 127 of West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China.
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25
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Padinharayil H, Rai V, George A. Mitochondrial Metabolism in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: From Mechanism-Based Perspectives to Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041070. [PMID: 36831413 PMCID: PMC9954550 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the fourteenth most common malignancy, is a major contributor to cancer-related death with the utmost case fatality rate among all malignancies. Functional mitochondria, regardless of their complex ecosystem relative to normal cells, are essential in PDAC progression. Tumor cells' potential to produce ATP as energy, despite retaining the redox potential optimum, and allocating materials for biosynthetic activities that are crucial for cell growth, survival, and proliferation, are assisted by mitochondria. The polyclonal tumor cells with different metabolic profiles may add to carcinogenesis through inter-metabolic coupling. Cancer cells frequently possess alterations in the mitochondrial genome, although they do not hinder metabolism; alternatively, they change bioenergetics. This can further impart retrograde signaling, educate cell signaling, epigenetic modifications, chromatin structures, and transcription machinery, and ultimately satisfy cancer cellular and nuclear demands. To maximize the tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor cells remodel nearby stromal cells and extracellular matrix. These changes initiate polyclonality, which is crucial for growth, stress response, and metastasis. Here, we evaluate all the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways drawn by mitochondria in carcinogenesis, emphasizing the perspectives of mitochondrial metabolism in PDAC progression and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiza Padinharayil
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 680005, Kerala, India
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA
| | - Alex George
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 680005, Kerala, India
- Correspondence:
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26
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Choi H, Kim Y, Jung YW. The Function of Memory CD8+ T Cells in Immunotherapy for Human Diseases. Immune Netw 2023; 23:e10. [PMID: 36911798 PMCID: PMC9995995 DOI: 10.4110/in.2023.23.e10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Memory T (Tm) cells protect against Ags that they have previously contacted with a fast and robust response. Therefore, developing long-lived Tm cells is a prime goal for many vaccines and therapies to treat human diseases. The remarkable characteristics of Tm cells have led scientists and clinicians to devise methods to make Tm cells more useful. Recently, Tm cells have been highlighted for their role in coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines during the ongoing global pandemic. The importance of Tm cells in cancer has been emerging. However, the precise characteristics and functions of Tm cells in these diseases are not completely understood. In this review, we summarize the known characteristics of Tm cells and their implications in the development of vaccines and immunotherapies for human diseases. In addition, we propose to exploit the beneficial characteristics of Tm cells to develop strategies for effective vaccines and overcome the obstacles of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbyeul Choi
- Department of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Yeaji Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
| | - Yong Woo Jung
- Department of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea
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27
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Zhang Y, Li W, Bian Y, Li Y, Cong L. Multifaceted roles of aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in hepatocellular carcinoma. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14797. [PMID: 36748090 PMCID: PMC9899054 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is a common malignancy with high morbidity and mortality rates. Changes in liver metabolism are key factors in the development of primary hepatic carcinoma, and mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumours. Accordingly, the study of the metabolic mechanism of mitochondria in primary hepatic carcinomas has gained increasing attention. A growing body of research suggests that defects in mitochondrial respiration are not generally responsible for aerobic glycolysis, nor are they typically selected during tumour evolution. Conversely, the dysfunction of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) may promote the proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of primary hepatic carcinoma. This review presents the current paradigm of the roles of aerobic glycolysis and OXPHOS in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mitochondrial OXPHOS and cytoplasmic glycolysis cooperate to maintain the energy balance in HCC cells. Our study provides evidence for the targeting of mitochondrial metabolism as a potential therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenhuan Li
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Bian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Cong
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China,Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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28
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Priego-Hernández VD, Arizmendi-Izazaga A, Soto-Flores DG, Santiago-Ramón N, Feria-Valadez MD, Navarro-Tito N, Jiménez-Wences H, Martínez-Carrillo DN, Salmerón-Bárcenas EG, Leyva-Vázquez MA, Illades-Aguiar B, Alarcón-Romero LDC, Ortiz-Ortiz J. Expression of HIF-1α and Genes Involved in Glucose Metabolism Is Increased in Cervical Cancer and HPV-16-Positive Cell Lines. Pathogens 2022; 12:pathogens12010033. [PMID: 36678382 PMCID: PMC9865746 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is the most common cancer in women in the lower genital tract. The main risk factor for developing CC is persistent infection with HPV 16. The E6 and E7 oncoproteins of HPV 16 have been related to metabolic reprogramming in cancer through the regulation of the expression and stability of HIF-1α and consequently of the expression of its target genes, such as HIF1A (HIF-1α), SLC2A1 (GLUT1), LDHA, CA9 (CAIX), SLC16A3 (MCT4), and BSG (Basigin or CD147), which are involved in glucose metabolism. This work aimed to evaluate the expression of HIF-1α, GLUT1, LDHA, CAIX, MCT4, and Basigin in patient samples and CC cell lines. To evaluate the expression level of HIF1A, SLC2A1, LDHA, CA9, SLC16A3, and BSG genes in tissue from patients with CC and normal tissue, the TCGA dataset was used. To evaluate the expression level of these genes by RT-qPCR in CC cell lines, HPV-negative (C-33A) and HPV-16-positive (SiHa and Ca Ski) cell lines were used. Increased expression of HIF1A, SLC2A1, LDHA, SLC16A3, and BSG was found in Ca Ski and CA9 in SiHa compared to C-33A. Similar results were observed in CC tissues compared to normal tissue obtained by bioinformatics analysis. In conclusion, the expression of HIF-1α, GLUT1, LDHA, CAIX, MCT4, and BSG genes is increased in CC and HPV-16-positive cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor D. Priego-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Adán Arizmendi-Izazaga
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Diana G. Soto-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Norma Santiago-Ramón
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Milagros D. Feria-Valadez
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Napoleón Navarro-Tito
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Hilda Jiménez-Wences
- Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias, Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomoléculas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Dinorah N. Martínez-Carrillo
- Laboratorio de Investigación Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias, Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomoléculas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Eric G. Salmerón-Bárcenas
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico 07360, Mexico
| | - Marco A. Leyva-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Berenice Illades-Aguiar
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Luz del C. Alarcón-Romero
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Citopatología e Histoquímica de la Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Julio Ortiz-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomoléculas, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia La Haciendita, Chilpancingo C.P. 39090, Guerrero, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-747-471-0901
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29
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Wang X, Zhang Y, Lin Q, Zhao K, Zhu D, Hu Y. Mitochondria-localized lncRNA HITT inhibits fusion by attenuating formation of mitofusin-2 homotypic or heterotypic complexes. J Biol Chem 2022; 299:102825. [PMID: 36567017 PMCID: PMC9867983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as essential players in multiple biological processes. Mitochondrial dynamics, comprising the continuous cycle of fission and fusion, are required for healthy mitochondria that function properly. Despite long-term recognition of its significance in cell-fate control, the mechanism underlying mitochondrial fusion is not completely understood, particularly regarding the involvement of lncRNAs. Here, we show that the lncRNA HITT (HIF-1α inhibitor at translation level) can specifically localize in mitochondria. Cells expressing higher levels of HITT contain fragmented mitochondria. Conversely, we show that HITT knockdown cells have more tubular mitochondria than is present in control cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrate HITT directly binds mitofusin-2 (MFN2), a core component that mediates mitochondrial outer membrane fusion, by the in vitro RNA pull-down and UV-cross-linking RNA-IP assays. In doing so, we found HITT disturbs MFN2 homotypic or heterotypic complex formation, attenuating mitochondrial fusion. Under stress conditions, such as ultraviolet radiation, we in addition show HITT stability increases as a consequence of MiR-205 downregulation, inhibiting MFN2-mediated fusion and leading to apoptosis. Overall, our data provide significant insights into the roles of organelle (mitochondria)-specific resident lncRNAs in regulating mitochondrial fusion and also reveal how such a mechanism controls cellular sensitivity to UV radiation-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ying Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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30
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Gambi G, Mengus G, Davidson G, Demesmaeker E, Cuomo A, Bonaldi T, Katopodi V, Malouf GG, Leucci E, Davidson I. The LncRNA LENOX Interacts with RAP2C to Regulate Metabolism and Promote Resistance to MAPK Inhibition in Melanoma. Cancer Res 2022; 82:4555-4570. [PMID: 36214632 PMCID: PMC9755964 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity is a key feature of melanomas that hinders development of effective treatments. Aiming to overcome this, we identified LINC00518 (LENOX; lincRNA-enhancer of oxidative phosphorylation) as a melanoma-specific lncRNA expressed in all known melanoma cell states and essential for melanoma survival in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LENOX promoted association of the RAP2C GTPase with mitochondrial fission regulator DRP1, increasing DRP1 S637 phosphorylation, mitochondrial fusion, and oxidative phosphorylation. LENOX expression was upregulated following treatment with MAPK inhibitors, facilitating a metabolic switch from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation and conferring resistance to MAPK inhibition. Consequently, combined silencing of LENOX and RAP2C synergized with MAPK inhibitors to eradicate melanoma cells. Melanomas are thus addicted to the lncRNA LENOX, which acts to optimize mitochondrial function during melanoma development and progression. SIGNIFICANCE The lncRNA LENOX is a novel regulator of melanoma metabolism, which can be targeted in conjunction with MAPK inhibitors to eradicate melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Gambi
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Gabrielle Mengus
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Guillaume Davidson
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | | | - Alessandro Cuomo
- Nuclear Proteomics Institute to Study Gene Expression, Milano, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonaldi
- Nuclear Proteomics Institute to Study Gene Expression, Milano, Italy
| | - Vicky Katopodi
- Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gabriel G. Malouf
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Eleonora Leucci
- Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Corresponding Authors: Irwin Davidson, Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, Illkirch, 67404, France. E-mail: ; and Eleonora Leucci, Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. E-mail:
| | - Irwin Davidson
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Equipe Labélisée Ligue contre le Cancer.,Corresponding Authors: Irwin Davidson, Functional Genomics and Cancer, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 1 Rue Laurent Fries, Illkirch, 67404, France. E-mail: ; and Eleonora Leucci, Laboratory for RNA Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. E-mail:
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Hallows KR, Li H, Saitta B, Sepehr S, Huang P, Pham J, Wang J, Mancino V, Chung EJ, Pinkosky SL, Pastor-Soler NM. Beneficial effects of bempedoic acid treatment in polycystic kidney disease cells and mice. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1001941. [PMID: 36504724 PMCID: PMC9730828 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1001941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ADPKD has few therapeutic options. Tolvaptan slows disease but has side effects limiting its tolerability. Bempedoic acid (BA), an ATP citrate-lyase (ACLY) inhibitor FDA-approved for hypercholesterolemia, catalyzes a key step in fatty acid/sterol synthesis important for cell proliferation. BA is activated by very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (FATP2) expressed primarily in kidney and liver. BA also activates AMPK. We hypothesized that BA could be a novel ADPKD therapy by inhibiting cyst growth, proliferation, injury, and metabolic dysregulation via ACLY inhibition and AMPK activation. Pkd1-null kidney cell lines derived from mouse proximal tubule (PT) and collecting duct (IMCD) were grown in 2D or 3D Matrigel cultures and treated ± BA, ± SB-204990 (another ACLY inhibitor) or with Acly shRNA before cyst analysis, immunoblotting or mitochondrial assays using MitoSox and MitoTracker staining. Pkd1 fl/fl ; Pax8-rtTA; Tet-O-Cre C57BL/6J mice were induced with doxycycline injection on postnatal days 10 and 11 (P10-P11) and then treated ± BA (30 mg/kg/d) ± tolvaptan (30-100 mg/kg/d) by gavage from P12-21. Disease severity was determined by % total-kidney-weight-to-bodyweight (%TKW/BW) and BUN levels at euthanasia (P22). Kidney and liver homogenates were immunoblotted for expression of key biomarkers. ACLY expression and activity were upregulated in Pkd1-null PT and IMCD-derived cells vs. controls. Relative to controls, both BA and SB-204990 inhibited cystic growth in Pkd1-null kidney cells, as did Acly knockdown. BA inhibited mitochondrial superoxide production and promoted mitochondrial elongation, suggesting improved mitochondrial function. In ADPKD mice, BA reduced %TKW/BW and BUN to a similar extent as tolvaptan vs. untreated controls. Addition of BA to tolvaptan caused a further reduction in %TKW/BW and BUN vs. tolvaptan alone. BA generally reduced ACLY and stimulated AMPK activity in kidneys and livers vs. controls. BA also inhibited mTOR and ERK signaling and reduced kidney injury markers. In liver, BA treatment, both alone and together with tolvaptan, increased mitochondrial biogenesis while inhibiting apoptosis. We conclude that BA and ACLY inhibition inhibited cyst growth in vitro, and BA decreased ADPKD severity in vivo. Combining BA with tolvaptan further improved various ADPKD disease parameters. Repurposing BA may be a promising new ADPKD therapy, having beneficial effects alone and along with tolvaptan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R. Hallows
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Hui Li
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Biagio Saitta
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Saman Sepehr
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Polly Huang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jessica Pham
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jonathan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Valeria Mancino
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Eun Ji Chung
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Núria M. Pastor-Soler
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and USC/UKRO Kidney Research Center, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Núria M. Pastor-Soler,
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32
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Elaiophylin Inhibits Tumorigenesis of Human Lung Adenocarcinoma by Inhibiting Mitophagy via Suppression of SIRT1/Nrf2 Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235812. [PMID: 36497294 PMCID: PMC9737501 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LADC), the most common type of lung cancer, is still one of the most aggressive and rapidly fatal tumor types, even though achievements in new therapeutic approaches have been developed. Elaiophylin as a C2 symmetrically glycosylated 16 macrolides has been reported to be a late-stage autophagy inhibitor with a potent anti-tumor effect on various cancers. This study investigated the anti-tumor effect of elaiophylin on human LADC for the first time in in vitro and in vivo models. The in vitro study in LADC A549 cells showed that elaiophylin significantly inhibited cell viability and induced cell apoptosis through the suppression of mitophagy and induction of cellular and mitochondrial oxidative stress. Proteomic analysis and molecular docking assay implicated that SIRT1 was likely the direct target of elaiophylin in A549 cells. Further mechanistic study verified that elaiophylin reduced Nrf2 deacetylation, expression, and transcriptional activity as well as cytoplasm translocation by downregulating SIRT1 expression and deacetylase activity. Additionally, SIRT1/Nrf2 activation could attenuate elaiophylin-induced mitophagy inhibition and oxidative stress. The in vivo study in the A549-xenograft mice model showed that the anti-tumor effect of elaiophylin was accompanied by the decreased expressions of SIRT1, Nrf2, Parkin, and PINK1. Thus, the present study reports that elaiophylin has potent anti-tumor properties in LADC, which effect is likely mediated through suppressing the SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling. In conclusion, elaiophylin may be a novel drug candidate for LADC and SIRT1 may be a new therapeutic target for such devastating malignancy.
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Bian C, Zheng Z, Su J, Wang H, Chang S, Xin Y, Jiang X. Targeting Mitochondrial Metabolism to Reverse Radioresistance: An Alternative to Glucose Metabolism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2202. [PMID: 36358574 PMCID: PMC9686736 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy failure and poor tumor prognosis are primarily attributed to radioresistance. Improving the curative effect of radiotherapy and delaying cancer progression have become difficult problems for clinicians. Glucose metabolism has long been regarded as the main metabolic process by which tumor cells meet their bioenergetic and anabolic needs, with the complex interactions between the mitochondria and tumors being ignored. This misconception was not dispelled until the early 2000s; however, the cellular molecules and signaling pathways involved in radioresistance remain incompletely defined. In addition to being a key metabolic site that regulates tumorigenesis, mitochondria can influence the radiation effects of malignancies by controlling redox reactions, participating in oxidative phosphorylation, producing oncometabolites, and triggering apoptosis. Therefore, the mitochondria are promising targets for the development of novel anticancer drugs. In this review, we summarize the internal relationship and related mechanisms between mitochondrial metabolism and cancer radioresistance, thus exploring the possibility of targeting mitochondrial signaling pathways to reverse radiation insensitivity. We suggest that attention should be paid to the potential value of mitochondria in prolonging the survival of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenbin Bian
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Zheng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jing Su
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Sitong Chang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ying Xin
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Kobayashi H. Recent advances in understanding the metabolic plasticity of ovarian cancer: A systematic review. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11487. [PMID: 36406733 PMCID: PMC9668530 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a gynecologic malignancy with a poor prognosis due to resistance to first-line chemotherapeutic agents. Some cancer cells are primarily dependent on glycolysis, but others favor mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) over glycolysis. Changes in metabolic reprogramming have been reported to be involved in cancer cell survival. In this review, we summarize the metabolic profiles (e.g., metabolic heterogeneity, plasticity, and reprogramming) and adaptation to the dynamic tumor microenvironment and discuss potential novel therapeutic strategies. A literature search was performed between January 2000 and March 2022 in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases using a combination of specific terms. Ovarian cancer cells, including cancer stem cells, depend on glycolysis, OXPHOS, or both for survival. Several environmental stresses, such as nutrient starvation or glucose deprivation, hypoxic stress, acidification, and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, reprogram the metabolic pathways to adapt. The interaction between tumors and adjacent stromal cells allows cancer cells to enhance mitochondrial energy metabolism. The metabolic reprogramming varies depending on genomic and epigenetic alterations of metabolism-related genes and the metabolic environment. Developing accurate and non-invasive methods for early identification of metabolic alterations could facilitate optimal cancer diagnosis and treatment. Cancer metabolism research has entered an exciting era where novel strategies targeting metabolic profiling will become more innovative.
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Wei G, Pan Y, Wang J, Xiong X, He Y, Xu J. Role of HMGB1 in Vitiligo: Current Perceptions and Future Perspectives. CLINICAL, COSMETIC AND INVESTIGATIONAL DERMATOLOGY 2022; 15:2177-2186. [PMID: 36267690 PMCID: PMC9576603 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s381432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a chronic depigmenting disorder of the skin and mucosa caused by the destruction of epidermal melanocytes. Although the exact mechanism has not been elucidated, studies have shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. High mobility group box protein B1 (HMGB1) is a major nonhistone protein and an extracellular proinflammatory or chemotactic molecule that is actively secreted or passively released by necrotic cells. Recent data showed that HMGB1 is overexpressed in both blood and lesional specimens from vitiligo patients. Moreover, oxidative stress triggers the release of HMGB1 from keratinocytes and melanocytes, indicating that HMGB1 may participate in the pathological process of vitiligo. Overall, this review mainly focuses on the role of HMGB1 in the potential mechanisms underlying vitiligo depigmentation under oxidative stress. In this review, we hope to provide new insights into vitiligo pathogenesis and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangmin Wei
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center Hospital of Qionglai City, Qionglai, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinghao Pan
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingying Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanmin He
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jixiang Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Jixiang Xu, Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 of Taiping Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, People’s Republic of China, Email
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36
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Wang Q, Yu P, Liu C, He X, Wang G. Mitochondrial fragmentation in liver cancer: Emerging player and promising therapeutic opportunities. Cancer Lett 2022; 549:215912. [PMID: 36103914 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Enhanced mitochondrial fragmentation (MF) is associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. However, its molecular mechanism in HCC remains elusive. Although enhanced MF activates effector T cells and dendritic cells, it induces immunoescape by decreasing the number and cytotoxicity of natural killer cells in the HCC immune microenvironment. Therefore, the influence of MF on the activity of different immune cells is a great challenge. Enhanced MF contributes to maintaining stemness by promoting the asymmetric division of liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs), suggesting that MF may become a potential target for HCC recurrence, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance. Moreover, mechanistic studies suggest that MF may promote tumour progression through autophagy, oxidative stress, and metabolic reprogramming. Human-induced hepatocyte organoids are a recently developed system that can be genetically manipulated to mimic cancer initiation and identify potential preventive treatments. We can use it to screen MF-related candidate inhibitors of HCC progression and further explore the role of MF in hepatocarcinogenesis. We herein describe the mechanisms by which MF contributes to HCC development, discuss potential therapeutic approaches, and highlight the possibility that MF modulation has a synergistic effect with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Pengfei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chaoxu Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xianli He
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The 74th Group Army Hospital, Guangzhou, 510318, China.
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37
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Nahas KL, Connor V, Scherer KM, Kaminski CF, Harkiolaki M, Crump CM, Graham SC. Near-native state imaging by cryo-soft-X-ray tomography reveals remodelling of multiple cellular organelles during HSV-1 infection. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010629. [PMID: 35797345 PMCID: PMC9262197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) is a large, enveloped DNA virus and its assembly in the cell is a complex multi-step process during which viral particles interact with numerous cellular compartments such as the nucleus and organelles of the secretory pathway. Transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy are commonly used to study HSV-1 infection. However, 2D imaging limits our understanding of the 3D geometric changes to cellular compartments that accompany infection and sample processing can introduce morphological artefacts that complicate interpretation. In this study, we used soft X-ray tomography to observe differences in whole-cell architecture between HSV-1 infected and uninfected cells. To protect the near-native structure of cellular compartments we used a non-disruptive sample preparation technique involving rapid cryopreservation, and a fluorescent reporter virus was used to facilitate correlation of structural changes with the stage of infection in individual cells. We observed viral capsids and assembly intermediates interacting with nuclear and cytoplasmic membranes. Additionally, we observed differences in the morphology of specific organelles between uninfected and infected cells. The local concentration of cytoplasmic vesicles at the juxtanuclear compartment increased and their mean width decreased as infection proceeded, and lipid droplets transiently increased in size. Furthermore, mitochondria in infected cells were elongated and highly branched, suggesting that HSV-1 infection alters the dynamics of mitochondrial fission/fusion. Our results demonstrate that high-resolution 3D images of cellular compartments can be captured in a near-native state using soft X-ray tomography and have revealed that infection causes striking changes to the morphology of intracellular organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal L. Nahas
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Beamline B24, Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Viv Connor
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Katharina M. Scherer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Clemens F. Kaminski
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Colin M. Crump
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen C. Graham
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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38
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Wang X, Li Y, Jia F, Cui X, Pan Z, Wu Y. Boosting nutrient starvation-dominated cancer therapy through curcumin-augmented mitochondrial Ca 2+ overload and obatoclax-mediated autophagy inhibition as supported by a novel nano-modulator GO-Alg@CaP/CO. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:225. [PMID: 35551609 PMCID: PMC9097046 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01439-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND By hindering energy supply pathway for cancer cells, an alternative therapeutic strategy modality is put forward: tumor starvation therapy. And yet only in this blockade of glucose supply which is far from enough to result in sheer apoptosis of cancer cells. RESULTS In an effort to boost nutrient starvation-dominated cancer therapy, here a novel mitochondrial Ca2+ modulator Alg@CaP were tailor-made for the immobilization of Glucose oxidase for depriving the intra-tumoral glucose, followed by the loading of Curcumin to augment mitochondrial Ca2+ overload to maximize the therapeutic efficiency of cancer starvation therapy via mitochondrial dysfunctions. Also, autophagy inhibitors Obatoclax were synchronously incorporated in this nano-modulator to highlight autophagy inhibition. CONCLUSION Here, a promising complementary modality for the trebling additive efficacy of starvation therapy was described for cutting off the existing energy sources in starvation therapy through Curcumin-augmented mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and Obatoclax-mediated autophagy inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zian Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, No. 11 First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
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Carmona-Carmona CA, Dalla Pozza E, Ambrosini G, Errico A, Dando I. Divergent Roles of Mitochondria Dynamics in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092155. [PMID: 35565283 PMCID: PMC9105422 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most lethal neoplasia due to the lack of early diagnostic markers and effective therapies. The study of metabolic alterations of PDAC is of crucial importance since it would open the way to the discovery of new potential therapies. Mitochondria represent key organelles that regulate energy metabolism, and they remodel their structure by undergoing modifications by fusing with other mitochondria or dividing to generate smaller ones. The alterations of mitochondria arrangement may influence the metabolism of PDAC cells, thus supporting the proliferative needs of cancer. Shedding light on this topic regarding cancer and, more specifically, PDAC may help identify new potential strategies that hit cancer cells at their “core,” i.e., mitochondria. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive tumors; it is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and is hardly treatable. These issues are strictly linked to the absence of early diagnostic markers and the low efficacy of treatment approaches. Recently, the study of the metabolic alterations in cancer cells has opened the way to important findings that can be exploited to generate new potential therapies. Within this scenario, mitochondria represent important organelles within which many essential functions are necessary for cell survival, including some key reactions involved in energy metabolism. These organelles remodel their shape by dividing or fusing themselves in response to cellular needs or stimuli. Interestingly, many authors have shown that mitochondrial dynamic equilibrium is altered in many different tumor types. However, up to now, it is not clear whether PDAC cells preferentially take advantage of fusion or fission processes since some studies reported a wide range of different results. This review described the role of both mitochondria arrangement processes, i.e., fusion and fission events, in PDAC, showing that a preference for mitochondria fragmentation could sustain tumor needs. In addition, we also highlight the importance of considering the metabolic arrangement and mitochondria assessment of cancer stem cells, which represent the most aggressive tumor cell type that has been shown to have distinctive metabolic features to that of differentiated tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ilaria Dando
- Correspondence: (C.A.C.-C.); (I.D.); Tel.: +39-045-802-7174 (C.A.C.-C.); +39-045-802-7169 (I.D.)
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40
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Yanes B, Rainero E. The Interplay between Cell-Extracellular Matrix Interaction and Mitochondria Dynamics in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1433. [PMID: 35326584 PMCID: PMC8946811 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment, in particular the extracellular matrix (ECM), plays a pivotal role in controlling tumor initiation and progression. In particular, the interaction between cancer cells and the ECM promotes cancer cell growth and invasion, leading to the formation of distant metastasis. Alterations in cancer cell metabolism is a key hallmark of cancer, which is often associated with alterations in mitochondrial dynamics. Recent research highlighted that, changes in mitochondrial dynamics are associated with cancer migration and metastasis-these has been extensively reviewed elsewhere. However, less is known about the interplay between the extracellular matrix and mitochondria functions. In this review, we will highlight how ECM remodeling associated with tumorigenesis contribute to the regulation of mitochondrial function, ultimately promoting cancer cell metabolic plasticity, able to fuel cancer invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Rainero
- School of Biosciences, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;
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41
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Kamada S, Takeiwa T, Ikeda K, Horie K, Inoue S. Emerging Roles of COX7RP and Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation in Breast Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:717881. [PMID: 35178385 PMCID: PMC8844363 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.717881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic alterations are critical events in cancers, which often contribute to tumor pathophysiology. While aerobic glycolysis is a known characteristic of cancer-related metabolism, recent studies have shed light on mitochondria-related metabolic pathways in cancer biology, including oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), amino acid and lipid metabolism, nucleic acid metabolism, and redox regulation. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women; thus, elucidation of breast cancer-related metabolic alteration will help to develop cancer drugs for many patients. We here aim to define the contribution of mitochondrial metabolism to breast cancer biology. The relevance of OXPHOS in breast cancer has been recently defined by the discovery of COX7RP, which promotes mitochondrial respiratory supercomplex assembly and glutamine metabolism: the latter is also shown to promote nucleic acid and fatty acid biosynthesis as well as ROS defense regulation. In this context, the estrogen-related receptor (ERR) family nuclear receptors and collaborating coactivators peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1 (PGC-1) are essential transcriptional regulators for both energy production and cancer-related metabolism. Summarizing recent findings of mitochondrial metabolism in breast cancer, this review will aim to provide a clue for the development of alternative clinical management by modulating the activities of responsible molecules involved in disease-specific metabolic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Kamada
- Division of Systems Medicine and Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Takeiwa
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikeda
- Division of Systems Medicine and Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kuniko Horie
- Division of Systems Medicine and Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Division of Systems Medicine and Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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42
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Wu D, Yang Y, Hou Y, Zhao Z, Liang N, Yuan P, Yang T, Xing J, Li J. Increased mitochondrial fission drives the reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma cells through suppression of Sirtuin 1. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2022; 42:37-55. [PMID: 34981667 PMCID: PMC8753313 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that constantly change their morphology through fission and fusion processes. Recently, abnormally increased mitochondrial fission has been observed in several types of cancer. However, the functional roles of increased mitochondrial fission in lipid metabolism reprogramming in cancer cells remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of increased mitochondrial fission in lipid metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Methods Lipid metabolism was determined by evaluating the changes in the expressions of core lipid metabolic enzymes and intracellular lipid content. The rate of fatty acid oxidation was evaluated by [3H]‐labelled oleic acid. The mitochondrial morphology in HCC cells was evaluated by fluorescent staining. The expression of protein was determined by real‐time PCR, iimmunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results Activation of mitochondrial fission significantly promoted de novo fatty acid synthesis in HCC cells through upregulating the expression of lipogenic genes fatty acid synthase (FASN), acetyl‐CoA carboxylase1 (ACC1), and elongation of very long chain fatty acid protein 6 (ELOVL6), while suppressed fatty acid oxidation by downregulating carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A (CPT1A) and acyl‐CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1). Consistently, suppressed mitochondrial fission exhibited the opposite effects. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo studies revealed that mitochondrial fission‐induced lipid metabolism reprogramming significantly promoted the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells. Mechanistically, mitochondrial fission increased the acetylation level of sterol regulatory element‐binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor coactivator 1 alpha (PGC‐1α) by suppressing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) signaling. The elevated SREBP1 then upregulated the expression of FASN, ACC1 and ELOVL6 in HCC cells, while PGC‐1α/PPARα suppressed the expression of CPT1A and ACOX1. Conclusions Increased mitochondrial fission plays a crucial role in the reprogramming of lipid metabolism in HCC cells, which provides strong evidence for the use of this process as a drug target in the treatment of this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Pain Treatment, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Yiran Hou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Zifeng Zhao
- Department of Pain Treatment, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Ning Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, P. R. China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China.,Department of Pain Treatment, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Pain Treatment, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Jinliang Xing
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Jibin Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, P. R. China.,Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, P. R. China
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43
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A novel sight of the primary active compounds from Umbelliferae: focusing on mitochondria. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02822-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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44
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Deng Y, Ngo DTM, Holien JK, Lees JG, Lim SY. Mitochondrial Dynamin-Related Protein Drp1: a New Player in Cardio-oncology. Curr Oncol Rep 2022; 24:1751-1763. [PMID: 36181612 PMCID: PMC9715477 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-022-01333-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This study is aimed at reviewing the recent progress in Drp1 inhibition as a novel approach for reducing doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and for improving cancer treatment. RECENT FINDINGS Anthracyclines (e.g. doxorubicin) are one of the most common and effective chemotherapeutic agents to treat a variety of cancers. However, the clinical usage of doxorubicin has been hampered by its severe cardiotoxic side effects leading to heart failure. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the major aetiologies of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. The morphology of mitochondria is highly dynamic, governed by two opposing processes known as fusion and fission, collectively known as mitochondrial dynamics. An imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics is often reported in tumourigenesis which can lead to adaptive and acquired resistance to chemotherapy. Drp1 is a key mitochondrial fission regulator, and emerging evidence has demonstrated that Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission is upregulated in both cancer cells to their survival advantage and injured heart tissue in the setting of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Effective treatment to prevent and mitigate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity is currently not available. Recent advances in cardio-oncology have highlighted that Drp1 inhibition holds great potential as a targeted mitochondrial therapy for doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Deng
- Department of Surgery and Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia ,O’Brien Institute Department, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria Australia
| | - Doan T. M. Ngo
- School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, Hunter Medical Research Institute & University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales Australia
| | - Jessica K. Holien
- Department of Surgery and Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia ,School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Jarmon G. Lees
- Department of Surgery and Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia ,O’Brien Institute Department, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria Australia
| | - Shiang Y. Lim
- Department of Surgery and Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia ,O’Brien Institute Department, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria Australia ,Drug Discovery Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria Australia ,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
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45
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Khodayari N, Wang RL, Oshins R, Lu Y, Millett M, Aranyos AM, Mostofizadeh S, Scindia Y, Flagg TO, Brantly M. The Mechanism of Mitochondrial Injury in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Mediated Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13255. [PMID: 34948056 PMCID: PMC8704552 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is caused by a single mutation in the SERPINA1 gene, which culminates in the accumulation of misfolded alpha-1 antitrypsin (ZAAT) within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of hepatocytes. AATD is associated with liver disease resulting from hepatocyte injury due to ZAAT-mediated toxic gain-of-function and ER stress. There is evidence of mitochondrial damage in AATD-mediated liver disease; however, the mechanism by which hepatocyte retention of aggregated ZAAT leads to mitochondrial injury is unknown. Previous studies have shown that ER stress is associated with both high concentrations of fatty acids and mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocytes. Using a human AAT transgenic mouse model and hepatocyte cell lines, we show abnormal mitochondrial morphology and function, and dysregulated lipid metabolism, which are associated with hepatic expression and accumulation of ZAAT. We also describe a novel mechanism of ZAAT-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction. We provide evidence that misfolded ZAAT translocates to the mitochondria for degradation. Furthermore, inhibition of ZAAT expression restores the mitochondrial function in ZAAT-expressing hepatocytes. Altogether, our results show that ZAAT aggregation in hepatocytes leads to mitochondrial dysfunction. Our findings suggest a plausible model for AATD liver injury and the possibility of mechanism-based therapeutic interventions for AATD liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazli Khodayari
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (R.L.W.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (A.M.A.); (Y.S.); (T.O.F.)
| | - Rejean L. Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (R.L.W.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (A.M.A.); (Y.S.); (T.O.F.)
| | - Regina Oshins
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (R.L.W.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (A.M.A.); (Y.S.); (T.O.F.)
| | - Yuanqing Lu
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (R.L.W.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (A.M.A.); (Y.S.); (T.O.F.)
| | - Michael Millett
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (R.L.W.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (A.M.A.); (Y.S.); (T.O.F.)
| | - Alek M. Aranyos
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (R.L.W.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (A.M.A.); (Y.S.); (T.O.F.)
| | - Sayedamin Mostofizadeh
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Yogesh Scindia
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (R.L.W.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (A.M.A.); (Y.S.); (T.O.F.)
| | - Tammy O. Flagg
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (R.L.W.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (A.M.A.); (Y.S.); (T.O.F.)
| | - Mark Brantly
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (R.L.W.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (M.M.); (A.M.A.); (Y.S.); (T.O.F.)
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46
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Xie L, Zhou T, Xie Y, Bode AM, Cao Y. Mitochondria-Shaping Proteins and Chemotherapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:769036. [PMID: 34868997 PMCID: PMC8637292 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.769036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence, in recent decades, of an entirely new area of “Mitochondrial dynamics”, which consists principally of fission and fusion, reflects the recognition that mitochondria play a significant role in human tumorigenesis and response to therapeutics. Proteins that determine mitochondrial dynamics are referred to as “shaping proteins”. Marked heterogeneity has been observed in the response of tumor cells to chemotherapy, which is associated with imbalances in mitochondrial dynamics and function leading to adaptive and acquired resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Therefore, targeting mitochondria-shaping proteins may prove to be a promising approach to treat chemotherapy resistant cancers. In this review, we summarize the alterations of mitochondrial dynamics in chemotherapeutic processing and the antitumor mechanisms by which chemotherapy drugs synergize with mitochondria-shaping proteins. These might shed light on new biomarkers for better prediction of cancer chemosensitivity and contribute to the exploitation of potent therapeutic strategies for the clinical treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Xie
- Hunan Children's Hospital, The Pediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tiansheng Zhou
- Hunan Children's Hospital, The Pediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Yujun Xie
- Hunan Children's Hospital, The Pediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, United States
| | - Ya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Research Center for Technologies of Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Joint Engineering Research Center for Genetic Diagnostics of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Changsha, China
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47
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Wang J, Deng W, Zou T, Bai B, Chang AK, Ying X. Cadmium-induced oxidative stress in Meretrix meretrix gills leads to mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:2011-2023. [PMID: 34529205 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02465-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most important marine environmental pollutants that can cause oxidative damage and apoptosis in living organisms, and mitochondria are the key cell organelles affected by Cd toxicity. In this study, we investigated the effect of Cd on the mitochondria in the gill cells of the clam Meretrix meretrix and the underlying mechanism of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis following exposure to the metal. Exposure of the clams to artificial seawater containing 1.5, 3, 6 and 12 mg L-1 Cd2+ led to swollen mitochondria compared with the untreated clams. The mitochondria also became vacuolated at the higher Cd2+ concentrations. Biochemical assays showed that monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) increased at 1.5 mg L-1 Cd2+, but decreased at higher Cd2+ concentrations, while the activities of malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and cytochrome oxidase (CCO) and the scavenging capacities of anti-superoxide anion (ASA) and anti-hydroxy radical (AHR) all decreased with increasing Cd2+ concentrations. Significant increases in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 as well as in the activity levels of caspase-3, -8, and -9 were also observed in the Cd2+-treated clams. The results implied that Cd might induce apoptosis in M. meretrix via the mitochondrial caspase-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanfei Deng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Bai
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Alan K Chang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueping Ying
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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48
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Banerjee R, Mukherjee A, Nagotu S. Mitochondrial dynamics and its impact on human health and diseases: inside the DRP1 blackbox. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 100:1-21. [PMID: 34657190 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02150-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential organelles that play a significant role in various cellular processes apart from providing energy in eukaryotic cells. An intricate link between mitochondrial structure and function is now unequivocally accepted. Several molecular players have been identified, which are important in maintaining the structure of the organelle. Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) is one such conserved protein that is a vital regulator of mitochondrial dynamics. Multidisciplinary studies have helped elucidate the structure of the protein and its mechanism of action in great detail. Mutations in various domains of the protein have been identified that are associated with debilitating conditions in patients. The involvement of the protein in disease conditions such as neurodegeneration, cancer, and cardiovascular disorders is also gaining attention. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent findings on the role of DRP1 in human disease conditions and address its importance as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riddhi Banerjee
- Organelle Biology and Cellular Ageing Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Agradeep Mukherjee
- Organelle Biology and Cellular Ageing Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India
| | - Shirisha Nagotu
- Organelle Biology and Cellular Ageing Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, Assam, India.
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49
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Bian J, Zhang D, Wang Y, Qin H, Yang W, Cui R, Sheng J. Mitochondrial Quality Control in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:713721. [PMID: 34589426 PMCID: PMC8473831 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.713721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria participate in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by modifying processes including but not limited to redox homeostasis, metabolism, and the cell death pathway. These processes depend on the health status of the mitochondria. Quality control processes in mitochondria can repair or eliminate “unhealthy mitochondria” at the molecular, organelle, or cellular level and form an efficient integrated network that plays an important role in HCC tumorigenesis, patient survival, and tumor progression. Here, we review the influence of mitochondria on the biological behavior of HCC. Based on this information, we further highlight the need for determining the role and mechanism of interaction between different levels of mitochondrial quality control in regulating HCC occurrence and progression as well as resistance development. This information may lead to the development of precision medicine approaches against targets involved in various mitochondrial quality control-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinda Bian
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yicun Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanjiao Qin
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiyao Sheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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50
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Cormio A, Busetto GM, Musicco C, Sanguedolce F, Calò B, Chirico M, Falagario UG, Carrieri G, Piccoli C, Cormio L. Mitofusin-2 Down-Regulation Predicts Progression of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11081500. [PMID: 34441434 PMCID: PMC8394056 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of markers predicting disease outcome is a major clinical issue for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). The present study aimed to determine the role of the mitochondrial proteins Mitofusin-2 (Mfn2) and caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) in predicting the outcome of NMIBC. The study population consisted of patients scheduled for transurethral resection of bladder tumor upon the clinical diagnosis of bladder cancer (BC). Samples of the main bladder tumor and healthy-looking bladder wall from patients classified as NMIBC were tested for Mfn2 and ClpP. The expression levels of these proteins were correlated to disease recurrence, progression. Mfn2 and ClpP expression levels were significantly higher in lesional than in non-lesional tissue. Low-risk NMIBC had significantly higher Mfn2 expression levels and significantly lower ClpP expression levels than high-risk NMIBC; there were no differences in non-lesional levels of the two proteins. Lesional Mfn2 expression levels were significantly lower in patients who progressed whereas ClpP levels had no impact on any survival outcome. Multivariable analysis adjusting for the EORTC scores showed that Mfn2 downregulation was significantly associated with disease progression. In conclusion, Mfn2 and ClpP proteins were found to be overexpressed in BC as compared to non-lesional bladder tissue and Mfn2 expression predicted disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Cormio
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Biofarmaceutical, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Gian Maria Busetto
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.C.); (U.G.F.); (G.C.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Clara Musicco
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | | | - Beppe Calò
- Department of Urology, Bonomo Hospital, 76123 Andria, Italy;
| | - Marco Chirico
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.C.); (U.G.F.); (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Ugo Giovanni Falagario
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.C.); (U.G.F.); (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.C.); (U.G.F.); (G.C.); (L.C.)
| | - Claudia Piccoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Luigi Cormio
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.C.); (U.G.F.); (G.C.); (L.C.)
- Department of Urology, Bonomo Hospital, 76123 Andria, Italy;
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