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Kalinin V, Padnya P, Stoikov I. Romanowsky staining: history, recent advances and future prospects from a chemistry perspective. Biotech Histochem 2024; 99:1-20. [PMID: 37929609 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2273860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Romanowsky staining was an important methodological breakthrough in diagnostic hematology and cytopathology during the late 19th and early 20th centuries; it has facilitated for decades the work of biologists, hematologists and pathologists working with blood cells. Despite more than a century of studying Romanowsky staining, no systematic review has been published that explains the chemical processes that produce the "Romanowsky effect" or "Romanowsky-Giemsa effect" (RGE), i.e., a purple coloration arising from the interaction of an azure dye with eosin and not due merely to their simultaneous presence. Our review is an attempt to build a bridge between chemists and biomedical scientists and to summarize the available data on methylene blue (MB) demethylation as well as the related reduction and decomposition of MB to simpler compounds by both light and enzyme systems and microorganisms. To do this, we analyze modern data on the mechanisms of MB demethylation both in the presence of acids and bases and by disproportionation due to the action of light. We also offer an explanation for why the RGE occurs only when azure B, or to a lesser extent, azure A is present by applying experimental and calculated physicochemical parameters including dye-DNA binding constants and electron density distributions in the molecules of these ligands. Finally, we discuss modern techniques for obtaining new varieties of Romanowsky dyes by modifying previously known ones. We hope that our critical literature study will help scientists understand better the chemical and physicochemical processes and mechanisms of cell staining with such dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriy Kalinin
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Pavel Padnya
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Ivan Stoikov
- A.M. Butlerov' Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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2
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Bhattarai G, Shrestha SK, Sim HJ, Lee JC, Kook SH. Effects of fine particulate matter on bone marrow-conserved hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells: a systematic review. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:118-128. [PMID: 38200155 PMCID: PMC10834576 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01149-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The harmful effects of fine particulate matter ≤2.5 µm in size (PM2.5) on human health have received considerable attention. However, while the impact of PM2.5 on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems has been well studied, less is known about the effects on stem cells in the bone marrow (BM). With an emphasis on the invasive characteristics of PM2.5, this review examines the current knowledge of the health effects of PM2.5 exposure on BM-residing stem cells. Recent studies have shown that PM2.5 enters the circulation and then travels to distant organs, including the BM, to induce oxidative stress, systemic inflammation and epigenetic changes, resulting in the reduction of BM-residing stem cell survival and function. Understanding the broader health effects of air pollution thus requires an understanding of the invasive characteristics of PM2.5 and its direct influence on stem cells in the BM. As noted in this review, further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying processes by which PM2.5 disturbs the BM microenvironment and inhibits stem cell functionality. Strategies to prevent or ameliorate the negative effects of PM2.5 exposure on BM-residing stem cells and to maintain the regenerative capacity of those cells must also be investigated. By focusing on the complex relationship between PM2.5 and BM-resident stem cells, this review highlights the importance of specific measures directed at safeguarding human health in the face of rising air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govinda Bhattarai
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Saroj Kumar Shrestha
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jaung Sim
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Chae Lee
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
- Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Ho Kook
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Guo X, Cheng C, Wang L, Li D, Fan R, Wei X. Polystyrene nanoplastics induce haematotoxicity with cell oxeiptosis and senescence involved in C57BL/6J mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2487-2498. [PMID: 37466197 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) has become a worrying serious environmental problem. However, the toxicological effects and mechanisms of NPs on hematopoiesis are still unknown. To this end, male C57BL/6J mice were directly exposed to the serial concentration gradient of polystyrene NPs (PSNPs, 0, 30, 60, and 120 μg d), respectively, for 42 days by intragastric administration. Results show that PSNPs were clearly visible in bone tissues, meanwhile, induced the count of major blood indicators (WBC, RBC, and LYM) decreased. H&E staining displayed that exposed to PSNPs can cause hematopoietic damage of BM and extramedullary hematopoiesis in spleen. Flow cytometry result show that the proportion of LSK represented a dose-dependent significantly decreased after PSNPs exposure. Further research found that PSNPs can cause the systemic oxidative stress occurs manifested as MDA accumulated. In addition, as the dose of PSNPs increased, the fluorescence intensity of Keap1 and p53 in femur sections gradually increased, meanwhile, the expression of cell oxeiptosis signal pathway Keap1/PGAM5/AIFM1 and the cell senescence signal pathway p53/p21 was all increased, markedly. Overall, our study demonstrated that PSNPs exposure caused oxidative stress, potentially resulting in cell oxeiptosis and senescence to develop haematotoxicity in C57BL/6J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Guo
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Wang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongbei Li
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruihua Fan
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xudong Wei
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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4
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He C, Xie L, Gu L, Yan H, Feng S, Zeng C, Danzhen W, Zhang X, Han M, Li Z, Duoji Z, Guo B, Zhang J, Hong F, Zhao X. Anemia is associated with long-term exposure to PM 2.5 and its components: a large population-based study in Southwest China. Ther Adv Hematol 2023; 14:20406207231189922. [PMID: 37654523 PMCID: PMC10467225 DOI: 10.1177/20406207231189922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anemia is linked to PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters of ⩽2.5 μm) exposure, which can increase the risk of various negative health outcomes. It remains unclear which PM2.5 components are associated with anemia and the respective contribution of each component to this association. Objective This study aimed at investigating the association between PM2.5 and anemia in the general population and to identify the most critical PM2.5 toxic components in this association. Design Cross-sectional study. Methods Our study involved a large cohort of 73,511 individuals aged 30-79 from China's multi-ethnic population. We employed satellite observations and the chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem)to estimate the long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its components. Anemia was defined, according to WHO guidelines, as Hb levels below 130 g/L for men and below 120 g/L for women. Through logistic regression, we investigated the association between PM2.5 components and anemia. By utilizing weighted quantile sum (WQS) analysis, we identified key components and gained insights into their combined impact on anemia. Overall, our study sheds light on the relationship between PM2.5 exposure, its constituents, and the risk of anemia in a large cohort. Results PM2.5 and three components, nitrate (NIT), organic matter (OM), and soil particles (SOIL), were associated with anemia. Per-standard deviation increase in the 3-year average concentrations of PM2.5 [odds ratio (OR): 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 1.28], NIT (1.20, 1.06, 1.35), OM (1.17, 1.04, 1.32), and SOIL (1.22, 1.11, 1.33) were associated with higher odds of anemia. In WQS regression analysis, the WQS index was associated with anemia (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.47). SOIL has the highest weight among all PM2.5 components. Conclusions Long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents is associated with anemia. Moreover, SOIL might be the most critical component of the relationship between PM2.5 and anemia. Our research increases the evidence of the association between PM2.5 and anemia in the general population, and targeted emission control measures should be taken into consideration to mitigate the adverse effects of PM2.5-related anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congyuan He
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linshen Xie
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingxi Gu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongyu Yan
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiyu Feng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunmei Zeng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wangjiu Danzhen
- Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention CN, Lhasa, Tibet, China
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Mingming Han
- Chengdu Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | | | - Bing Guo
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Juying Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Feng Hong
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New Area, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 16, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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5
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Bhattarai G, Sim HJ, So HS, Lee JC, Kook SH. Exposure of newborns to atmospherically relevant artificial particulate matter induces hematopoietic stem cell senescence. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 452:131293. [PMID: 37002998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Research on the negative impacts of PM2.5 have been focused on lung, brain, immune, and metabolism-related diseases. However, little is known about the mechanism underlying the effects of PM2.5 on the modulation of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) fate. Maturation of the hematopoietic system and differentiation of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) occurs soon after birth when infants are susceptible to external stresses. We investigated how exposure to atmospherically relevant artificial particulate matter of diameter < 2.5 µm (termed, PM2.5) affects HSPCs in newborns. The lungs of newborn mice exposed to PM2.5 exhibited higher levels of oxidative stress and inflammasome activation, which continued during aging. PM2.5 also stimulated oxidative stress and inflammasome activation in bone marrow (BM). PM2.5-exposed infant mice at 12 months but not at 6 months displayed progressive senescence of HSCs accompanied by preferential impairment of the BM microenvironment with age-related phenotypes, as evidenced by colony-forming assay and serial transplantation and animal survival experiments. Further, PM2.5-exposed middle-aged mice did not exhibit radioprotective potential. Collectively, exposure of newborns to PM2.5 causes progressive senescence of HSCs. These findings revealed a novel mechanism by which PM2.5 affects the fate of HSCs, highlighting the crucial role of early life exposure to air pollution in determining human health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govinda Bhattarai
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jaung Sim
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Sol So
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Chae Lee
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; Cluster for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration Research, Institute of Oral Biosciences and School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Ho Kook
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Wang Y, Jin X, Li M, Gao J, Zhao X, Ma J, Shi C, He B, Hu L, Shi J, Liu G, Qu G, Zheng Y, Jiang G. PM 2.5 Increases Systemic Inflammatory Cells and Associated Disease Risks by Inducing NRF2-Dependent Myeloid-Biased Hematopoiesis in Adult Male Mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:7924-7937. [PMID: 37184982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Although PM2.5 (fine particles with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm) exposure shows the potential to impact normal hematopoiesis, the detailed alterations in systemic hematopoiesis and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. For hematopoiesis under steady-state or stress conditions, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is essential for regulating hematopoietic processes to maintain blood homeostasis. Herein, we characterized changes in the populations of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells and committed hematopoietic progenitors in the lungs and bone marrow (BM) of wild-type and Nrf2-/- C57BL/6J male mice. PM2.5-induced NRF2-dependent biased hematopoiesis toward myeloid lineage in the lungs and BM generates excessive numbers of various inflammatory immune cells, including neutrophils, monocytes, and platelets. The increased population of these immune cells in the lungs, BM, and peripheral blood has been associated with observed pulmonary fibrosis and high disease risks in an NRF2-dependent manner. Therefore, although NRF2 is a protective factor against stressors, upon PM2.5 exposure, NRF2 is involved in stress myelopoiesis and enhanced PM2.5 toxicity in pulmonary injury, even leading to systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoting Jin
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xingchen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunzhen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Bin He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ligang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Jianbo Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Guoliang Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
- Institute of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guangbo Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environmental, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
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7
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Guo X, Cheng C, Chen L, Cao C, Li D, Fan R, Wei X. Metabolomic characteristics in human CD34 + hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 177:113817. [PMID: 37164248 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics is a major environmental concern and may cause potential harm to organisms. Previous studies have found that exposure to nanoplastics inhibited hematopoietic function, however, the effect of polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) on the human CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and its underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, the toxic effects were evaluated and the metabolites changes were systematically analyzed using the metabolomics study in combination with multivariate statistical analysis in HSPCs with PSNPs treatment. The results show that PSNPs could be uptake by cells, significantly decrease cell viability and cause cell membrane damage manifested as increased LDH release in cellular supernatant. Besides, the colony formation assay shows that PSNPs exposure can inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of HSPCs. Meanwhile, we found that PSNPs disturbed the metabolic activity, including amino acids, SCFAs, organic acids, fatty acids and carbohydrates, and mainly affect citrate cycle (TCA cycle) metabolism pathway. Those findings are helpful in evaluating the toxicity mechanisms and providing guidance in the selection of potential metabolism-related biomarkers of hematopoietic damage caused by nanoplastics exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Guo
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Lin Chen
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Changsong Cao
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Dongbei Li
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Ruihua Fan
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Xudong Wei
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
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8
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Prion infection modulates hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell fate through cell-autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms. Leukemia 2023; 37:877-887. [PMID: 36707620 PMCID: PMC10079512 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01828-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Studies of PrPC-derived prion disease generally focus on neurodegeneration. However, little is known regarding the modulation of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) that express PrPC in prion infection. Among bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic cells, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) strongly express PrPC. A bioassay revealed the presence of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) in BM cells derived from prion-infected mice; these BM cells demonstrated reproducible prion infectivity. At 5 months after infection with ME7, mice exhibited a significant decrease in the number of HSPCs. This decrease was mainly driven by increased apoptotic cell death, rather than cell cycle progression and senescence, in PrPC-positive but not PrPC-negative HSPC populations through a cell-autonomous mechanism. Notably, both PrPC-positive and PrPC-negative HSCs underwent cellular senescence, as indicated by high levels of senescence-associated factors and deficits in repopulation and self-renewal capacities at 7 months after infection. Senescence of HSCs occurred in the ME7-impaired BM microenvironment with aging phenotypes through non-cell autonomous mechanisms. These data provide novel evidence that prion infection differentially modulates HSC fate through both cell-autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms.
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9
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Song M, Jeong R, Kim D, Qiu Y, Meng X, Wu Z, Zuend A, Ha Y, Kim C, Kim H, Gaikwad S, Jang KS, Lee JY, Ahn J. Comparison of Phase States of PM 2.5 over Megacities, Seoul and Beijing, and Their Implications on Particle Size Distribution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:17581-17590. [PMID: 36459099 PMCID: PMC9775198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although the particle phase state is an important property, there is scant information on it, especially, for real-world aerosols. To explore the phase state of fine mode aerosols (PM2.5) in two megacities, Seoul and Beijing, we collected PM2.5 filter samples daily from Dec 2020 to Jan 2021. Using optical microscopy combined with the poke-and-flow technique, the phase states of the bulk of PM2.5 as a function of relative humidity (RH) were determined and compared to the ambient RH ranges in the two cities. PM2.5 was found to be liquid to semisolid in Seoul but mostly semisolid to solid in Beijing. The liquid state was dominant on polluted days, while a semisolid state was dominant on clean days in Seoul. These findings can be explained by the aerosol liquid water content related to the chemical compositions of the aerosols at ambient RH; the water content of PM2.5 was much higher in Seoul than in Beijing. Furthermore, the overall phase states of PM2.5 observed in Seoul and Beijing were interrelated with the particle size distribution. The results of this study aid in a better understanding of the fundamental physical properties of aerosols and in examining how these are linked to PM2.5 in polluted urban atmospheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijung Song
- Department
of Environment and Energy, Jeonbuk National
University, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Jeonbuk
National University, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Rani Jeong
- Department
of Environment and Energy, Jeonbuk National
University, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeun Kim
- Department
of Environment and Energy, Jeonbuk National
University, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yanting Qiu
- State
Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control,
College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiangxinyue Meng
- State
Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control,
College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhijun Wu
- State
Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control,
College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Andreas Zuend
- Department
of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, McGill
University, Montréal, Québec H3A 0B9, Canada
| | - Yoonkyeong Ha
- School
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhyuk Kim
- School
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeri Kim
- Department
of Environment and Energy, Jeonbuk National
University, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanjit Gaikwad
- Department
of Environment and Energy, Jeonbuk National
University, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Soon Jang
- Bio-Chemical
Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yi Lee
- Department
of Environmental Science & Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic
of Korea
| | - Joonyoung Ahn
- Department
of Atmospheric Environment Research, National
Institute of Environmental Research, 215, Jinheung-ro, Eunpyeong-gu, Seoul 03367, Republic of Korea
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Spatial Distributions of Atmospheric Ammonia in a Rural Area in South Korea and the Associated Impact on a Nearby Urban Area. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12111411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) plays an important role in air quality and atmospheric chemistry, yet studies on the characteristics and impacts of NH3 are limited. Herein, we revealed the spatial distribution of atmospheric NH3, as measured by passive samplers, at three different sites (R1, R2, and R3) in the rural area (livestock environment) of Jeongeup, South Korea, from September 2019 to August 2020. At site R1, the boundary of a large-scale pig farm, dramatically high daily mean concentrations of NH3 were observed (118.7 ppb), whereas sites R2 and R3, located ~1 km from R1, exhibited lower concentrations of 18.2 and 30.4 ppb, respectively. In the rural environment, the monthly NH3 variations showed a peak in June (34.2 ppb), which was significantly higher than in the urban and remote areas. To examine the impact of NH3 from the rural area on a nearby urban area in June 2020, simultaneous measurements were performed using a real-time instrument in Jeonju. When high NH3 events occurred in the urban area in June, the results for the NH3 concentrations and observed meteorological conditions in the rural and urban areas showed that the rural area influenced the NH3 levels in the adjacent urban area.
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Fongsodsri K, Chamnanchanunt S, Desakorn V, Thanachartwet V, Sahassananda D, Rojnuckarin P, Umemura T. Particulate Matter 2.5 and Hematological Disorders From Dust to Diseases: A Systematic Review of Available Evidence. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:692008. [PMID: 34336895 PMCID: PMC8316685 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.692008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) in the air enters the human body by diffusion into the blood. Therefore, hematological abnormalities might occur because of these toxic particles, but few studies on this issue have been reported. According to Cochrane guidance, we performed a systematic review on the relationship between exposure to PM2.5 and the risk of hematological disorders. Ten articles were included in this review. Anemia was found among children and elderly populations with 2- to 5-year PM2.5 exposure. Young children from mothers exposed to air pollution during pregnancy had a higher incidence of leukemia similar to the elderly. Supporting these data, outdoor workers also showed abnormal epigenetic modifications after exposure to very high PM2.5 levels. Adults living in high PM2.5 areas for 2 years were more likely to develop thrombocytosis. Finally, elderly populations with 7- to 8-year PM2.5 exposure showed increased risks of venous thromboembolism. In conclusion, the associations between PM2.5 and hematological aberrations among high-risk people with long-term exposure were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonpan Fongsodsri
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supat Chamnanchanunt
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Varunee Desakorn
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vipa Thanachartwet
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Duangjai Sahassananda
- Information Technology Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ponlapat Rojnuckarin
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tsukuru Umemura
- Department of Medical Technology and Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Ohkawa, Japan
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Daiber A, Kuntic M, Hahad O, Delogu LG, Rohrbach S, Di Lisa F, Schulz R, Münzel T. Effects of air pollution particles (ultrafine and fine particulate matter) on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress - Implications for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 696:108662. [PMID: 33159890 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is a major cause of global mortality and burden of disease. All chemical pollution forms together may be responsible for up to 12 million annual excess deaths as estimated by the Lancet Commission on pollution and health as well as the World Health Organization. Ambient air pollution by particulate matter (PM) and ozone was found to be associated with an all-cause mortality rate of up to 9 million in the year 2015, with the majority being of cerebro- and cardiovascular nature (e.g. stroke and ischemic heart disease). Recent evidence suggests that exposure to airborne particles and gases contributes to and accelerates neurodegenerative diseases. Especially, airborne toxic particles contribute to these adverse health effects. Whereas it is well established that air pollution in the form of PM may lead to dysregulation of neurohormonal stress pathways and may trigger inflammation as well as oxidative stress, leading to secondary damage of cardiovascular structures, the mechanistic impact of PM-induced mitochondrial damage and dysfunction is not well established. With the present review we will discuss similarities between mitochondrial damage and dysfunction observed in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration as well as those adverse mitochondrial pathomechanisms induced by airborne PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Marin Kuntic
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Germany
| | - Omar Hahad
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lucia G Delogu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Susanne Rohrbach
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
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Ge J, Yang H, Lu X, Wang S, Zhao Y, Huang J, Xi Z, Zhang L, Li R. Combined exposure to formaldehyde and PM 2.5: Hematopoietic toxicity and molecular mechanism in mice. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 144:106050. [PMID: 32861163 PMCID: PMC7839661 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 and formaldehyde (FA) are major outdoor and indoor air pollutants in China, respectively, and both are known to be harmful to human health and to be carcinogenic. Of all the known chronic health effects, leukaemia is one of the most serious health risks associated with these two pollutants. To explore the influence and underlying mechanisms of exposure to formaldehyde and PM2.5 on hematopoietic toxicity, we systematically studied the toxicity induced in hematopoietic organs: bone marrow (BM); spleen; and myeloid progenitor cells (MPCs). Male Balb/c mice were exposed to: PM2.5 (20, 160 μg/kg·d) at a dose of 40 μL per mouse or formaldehyde (0.5, 3.0 mg/m3) for 8 h per day for 2 weeks or co-exposed to formaldehyde and PM2.5 (20 μg/kg·d PM2.5 + 0.5 mg/m3 FA, 20 μg/kg·d PM2.5 + 3 mg/m3 FA, 160 μg/kg·d PM2.5 + 0.5 mg/m3 FA, 160 μg/kg·d PM2.5 + 3 mg/m3 FA) for 2 weeks. Similar toxic effects were found in the formaldehyde-only and PM2.5-only groups, including significant decrease of blood cells and MPCs, along with decreased expression of hematopoietic growth factors. In addition, individual exposure of formaldehyde or PM2.5 increased oxidative stress, DNA damage and immune system disorder by destroying the balance of Th1/Th2, and Treg/Th17. DNA repair was markedly inhibited by deregulating the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Combined exposure to PM2.5 and formaldehyde led to more severe effects. Administration of Vitamin E (VE) was shown to attenuate these effects. In conclusion, our findings suggested that PM2.5 and formaldehyde may induce hematopoietic toxicity by reducing the expression of hematopoietic growth factors, increasing oxidative stress and DNA damage, activating the 'immune imbalance' pathway and suppressing the DNA-repair related mTOR pathway. The hematopoietic toxicity induced by combined exposure of PM2.5 and formaldehyde might provide further insights into the increased incidence of hematological diseases, including human myeloid leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ge
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Honglian Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Xianxian Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Shenqi Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jiawei Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zhuge Xi
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Rui Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Environmental Pollutants on Hematopoiesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21196996. [PMID: 32977499 PMCID: PMC7583016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21196996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a complex and intricate process that aims to replenish blood components in a constant fashion. It is orchestrated mostly by hematopoietic progenitor cells (hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)) that are capable of self-renewal and differentiation. These cells can originate other cell subtypes that are responsible for maintaining vital functions, mediate innate and adaptive immune responses, provide tissues with oxygen, and control coagulation. Hematopoiesis in adults takes place in the bone marrow, which is endowed with an extensive vasculature conferring an intense flow of cells. A myriad of cell subtypes can be found in the bone marrow at different levels of activation, being also under constant action of an extensive amount of diverse chemical mediators and enzymatic systems. Bone marrow platelets, mature erythrocytes and leukocytes are delivered into the bloodstream readily available to meet body demands. Leukocytes circulate and reach different tissues, returning or not returning to the bloodstream. Senescent leukocytes, specially granulocytes, return to the bone marrow to be phagocytized by macrophages, restarting granulopoiesis. The constant high production and delivery of cells into the bloodstream, alongside the fact that blood cells can also circulate between tissues, makes the hematopoietic system a prime target for toxic agents to act upon, making the understanding of the bone marrow microenvironment vital for both toxicological sciences and risk assessment. Environmental and occupational pollutants, therapeutic molecules, drugs of abuse, and even nutritional status can directly affect progenitor cells at their differentiation and maturation stages, altering behavior and function of blood compounds and resulting in impaired immune responses, anemias, leukemias, and blood coagulation disturbances. This review aims to describe the most recently investigated molecular and cellular toxicity mechanisms of current major environmental pollutants on hematopoiesis in the bone marrow.
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