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Ricci A, Rubino E, Serra GP, Wallén-Mackenzie Å. Concerning neuromodulation as treatment of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorder: Insights gained from selective targeting of the subthalamic nucleus, para-subthalamic nucleus and zona incerta in rodents. Neuropharmacology 2024; 256:110003. [PMID: 38789078 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Neuromodulation such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) is advancing as a clinical intervention in several neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease, dystonia, tremor, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) for which DBS is already applied to alleviate severely afflicted individuals of symptoms. Tourette syndrome and drug addiction are two additional disorders for which DBS is in trial or proposed as treatment. However, some major remaining obstacles prevent this intervention from reaching its full therapeutic potential. Side-effects have been reported, and not all DBS-treated individuals are relieved of their symptoms. One major target area for DBS electrodes is the subthalamic nucleus (STN) which plays important roles in motor, affective and associative functions, with impact on for example movement, motivation, impulsivity, compulsivity, as well as both reward and aversion. The multifunctionality of the STN is complex. Decoding the anatomical-functional organization of the STN could enhance strategic targeting in human patients. The STN is located in close proximity to zona incerta (ZI) and the para-subthalamic nucleus (pSTN). Together, the STN, pSTN and ZI form a highly heterogeneous and clinically important brain area. Rodent-based experimental studies, including opto- and chemogenetics as well as viral-genetic tract tracings, provide unique insight into complex neuronal circuitries and their impact on behavior with high spatial and temporal precision. This research field has advanced tremendously over the past few years. Here, we provide an inclusive review of current literature in the pre-clinical research fields centered around STN, pSTN and ZI in laboratory mice and rats; the three highly heterogeneous and enigmatic structures brought together in the context of relevance for treatment strategies. Specific emphasis is placed on methods of manipulation and behavioral impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Ricci
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 756 32 Uppsala, Sweden; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Eleonora Rubino
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 756 32 Uppsala, Sweden; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Gian Pietro Serra
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 756 32 Uppsala, Sweden; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Åsa Wallén-Mackenzie
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 756 32 Uppsala, Sweden; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
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Terenzi D, Simon N, Gachomba MJM, de Peretti JL, Nazarian B, Sein J, Anton JL, Grandjean D, Baunez C, Chaminade T. Social context and drug cues modulate inhibitory control in cocaine addiction: involvement of the STN evidenced through functional MRI. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02637-y. [PMID: 38926543 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02637-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Addictions often develop in a social context, although the influence of social factors did not receive much attention in the neuroscience of addiction. Recent animal studies suggest that peer presence can reduce cocaine intake, an influence potentially mediated, among others, by the subthalamic nucleus (STN). However, there is to date no neurobiological study investigating this mediation in humans. This study investigated the impact of social context and drug cues on brain correlates of inhibitory control in individuals with and without cocaine use disorder (CUD) using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). Seventeen CUD participants and 17 healthy controls (HC) performed a novel fMRI "Social" Stop-Signal Task (SSST) in the presence or absence of an observer while being exposed to cocaine-related (vs. neutral) cues eliciting craving in drug users. The results showed that CUD participants, while slower at stopping with neutral cues, recovered control level stopping abilities with cocaine cues, while HC did not show any difference. During inhibition (Stop Correct vs Stop Incorrect), activity in the right STN, right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and bilateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) varied according to the type of cue. Notably, the presence of an observer reversed this effect in most areas for CUD participants. These findings highlight the impact of social context and drug cues on inhibitory control in CUD and the mediation of these effects by the right STN and bilateral OFC, emphasizing the importance of considering the social context in addiction research. They also comfort the STN as a potential addiction treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Terenzi
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
| | - Nicolas Simon
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- SESSTIM INSERM, IRD & Aix-Marseille Université, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jeanne-Laure de Peretti
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Nazarian
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Julien Sein
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Luc Anton
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Grandjean
- Swiss Center for Affective Science and Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christelle Baunez
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
| | - Thierry Chaminade
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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Swinford-Jackson SE, Pierce RC. Deep brain stimulation for psychostimulant use disorders. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024; 131:469-473. [PMID: 37823965 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02706-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Safe and effective therapeutics for psychostimulant use disorders remain elusive. Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which is FDA-approved for other indications, is a promising candidate for treating severe substance use disorders. We examine the clinical and preclinical evidence for DBS of the nucleus accumbens as a possible therapeutic option for cocaine and methamphetamine use disorders. Limitations of the literature to date, including the lack of females included in studies evaluating the efficacy of DBS, and new strategies to optimize brain stimulation approaches are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Swinford-Jackson
- Brain Health Institute and Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers University, 683 Hoes Lane West Room 160, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-5635, USA.
| | - R Christopher Pierce
- Brain Health Institute and Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers University, 683 Hoes Lane West Room 160, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-5635, USA
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Vignal L, Vielle C, Williams M, Maurice N, Degoulet M, Baunez C. Subthalamic high-frequency deep brain stimulation reduces addiction-like alcohol use and the possible negative influence of a peer presence. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024:10.1007/s00213-024-06532-w. [PMID: 38307944 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06532-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE The immediate social context significantly influences alcohol consumption in humans. Recent studies have revealed that peer presence could modulate drugs use in rats. The most efficient condition to reduce cocaine intake is the presence of a stranger peer, naive to drugs. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the Subthalamic Nucleus (STN), which was shown to have beneficial effects on addiction to cocaine or alcohol, also modulates the protective influence of peer's presence on cocaine use. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to: 1) explore how the presence of an alcohol-naive stranger peer affects recreational and escalated alcohol intake, and 2) assess the involvement of STN on alcohol use and in the modulation induced by the presence of an alcohol-naïve stranger peer. METHODS Rats with STN DBS and control animals self-administered 10% (v/v) ethanol in presence, or absence, of an alcohol-naive stranger peer, before and after escalation of ethanol intake (observed after intermittent alcohol (20% (v/v) ethanol) access). RESULTS Neither STN DBS nor the presence of an alcohol-naive stranger peer modulated significantly recreational alcohol intake. After the escalation procedure, STN DBS reduced ethanol consumption. The presence of an alcohol-naive stranger peer increased consumption only in low drinkers, which effect was suppressed by STN DBS. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the influence of a peer's presence on escalated alcohol intake, and confirm the role of STN in addiction-like alcohol intake and in the social influence on drug consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Vignal
- Institut de Neurosciences de La Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Cassandre Vielle
- Institut de Neurosciences de La Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Maya Williams
- Institut de Neurosciences de La Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Maurice
- Institut de Neurosciences de La Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Mickael Degoulet
- Institut de Neurosciences de La Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Christelle Baunez
- Institut de Neurosciences de La Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, 13005, Marseille, France.
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Prasad AA, Wallén-Mackenzie Å. Architecture of the subthalamic nucleus. Commun Biol 2024; 7:78. [PMID: 38200143 PMCID: PMC10782020 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05691-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a major neuromodulation target for the alleviation of neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms using deep brain stimulation (DBS). STN-DBS is today applied as treatment in Parkinson´s disease, dystonia, essential tremor, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). STN-DBS also shows promise as a treatment for refractory Tourette syndrome. However, the internal organization of the STN has remained elusive and challenges researchers and clinicians: How can this small brain structure engage in the multitude of functions that renders it a key hub for therapeutic intervention of a variety of brain disorders ranging from motor to affective to cognitive? Based on recent gene expression studies of the STN, a comprehensive view of the anatomical and cellular organization, including revelations of spatio-molecular heterogeneity, is now possible to outline. In this review, we focus attention to the neurobiological architecture of the STN with specific emphasis on molecular patterns discovered within this complex brain area. Studies from human, non-human primate, and rodent brains now reveal anatomically defined distribution of specific molecular markers. Together their spatial patterns indicate a heterogeneous molecular architecture within the STN. Considering the translational capacity of targeting the STN in severe brain disorders, the addition of molecular profiling of the STN will allow for advancement in precision of clinical STN-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asheeta A Prasad
- University of Sydney, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Serra GP, Guillaumin A, Vlcek B, Delgado-Zabalza L, Ricci A, Rubino E, Dumas S, Baufreton J, Georges F, Wallén-Mackenzie Å. A role for the subthalamic nucleus in aversive learning. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113328. [PMID: 37925641 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is critical for behavioral control; its dysregulation consequently correlated with neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including Parkinson's disease. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the STN successfully alleviates parkinsonian motor symptoms. However, low mood and depression are affective side effects. STN is adjoined with para-STN, associated with appetitive and aversive behavior. DBS aimed at STN might unintentionally modulate para-STN, causing aversion. Alternatively, the STN mediates aversion. To investigate causality between STN and aversion, affective behavior is addressed using optogenetics in mice. Selective promoters allow dissociation of STN (e.g., Pitx2) vs. para-STN (Tac1). Acute photostimulation results in aversion via both STN and para-STN. However, only STN stimulation-paired cues cause conditioned avoidance and only STN stimulation interrupts on-going sugar self-administration. Electrophysiological recordings identify post-synaptic responses in pallidal neurons, and selective photostimulation of STN terminals in the ventral pallidum replicates STN-induced aversion. Identifying STN as a source of aversive learning contributes neurobiological underpinnings to emotional affect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Pietro Serra
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Adriane Guillaumin
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden; University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Bianca Vlcek
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Alessia Ricci
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eleonora Rubino
- Uppsala University, Department of Organism Biology, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Jérôme Baufreton
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - François Georges
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
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Vorspan F, Domenech P, Grabli D, Yelnik J, Delavest M, Dauré C, Bellivier F, Pelissolo A, Belaid H, Baunez C, Karachi C, Mallet L. A single case report of STN-DBS for severe crack-cocaine dependence: double-blind ON vs. SHAM randomized controlled assessment. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1146492. [PMID: 37304434 PMCID: PMC10248431 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1146492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Crack-cocaine dependence is a severe condition with a high mortality rate. This single case study report details the first deep brain stimulation (DBS) trial targeting the sub-thalamic nucleus (STN) for crack-cocaine dependence. The investigation aimed to assess the effects of STN-DBS on cocaine craving and cocaine use, as well as STN-DBS safety and tolerance in this indication. In this pilot study, we performed double blind cross-over trials, with "ON-DBS" vs. "SHAM-DBS" for 1-month periods. STN-DBS failed to reduce cocaine craving and use. An episode of DBS-induced hypomania occurred after several weeks of cocaine intake at stimulation parameters previously well tolerated. Future research on cocaine dependence should be conducted after a prolonged abstinence period and/or explore novel types of stimulation patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Vorspan
- Université de Paris Cité, INSERM UMRS 1144, Paris, Île-de-France, France
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, GHU NORD, GH Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Philippe Domenech
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, Île-de-France, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor - Albert Chenevier, DMU IMPACT, Département Médical-Universitaire de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie, Créteil, France
| | - David Grabli
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, Île-de-France, France
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, GHU Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département de Neurologie, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Jérôme Yelnik
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Marine Delavest
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, GHU NORD, GH Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Charles Dauré
- Université de Paris Cité, INSERM UMRS 1144, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Frank Bellivier
- Université de Paris Cité, INSERM UMRS 1144, Paris, Île-de-France, France
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, GHU NORD, GH Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, Département de Psychiatrie et de Médecine Addictologique, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Antoine Pelissolo
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor - Albert Chenevier, DMU IMPACT, Département Médical-Universitaire de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie, Créteil, France
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, Ile-de-France, France
| | - Hayat Belaid
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, GHU Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Neurochirurgie, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Christelle Baunez
- UMR7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, Provence-Alpes-Côôte-d'Azur, France
| | - Carine Karachi
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, Île-de-France, France
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, GHU Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Neurochirurgie, Paris, Île-de-France, France
| | - Luc Mallet
- Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, Île-de-France, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor - Albert Chenevier, DMU IMPACT, Département Médical-Universitaire de Psychiatrie et d'Addictologie, Créteil, France
- Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, Global Health Institute, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Pasquereau B, Turner RS. Neural dynamics underlying self-control in the primate subthalamic nucleus. eLife 2023; 12:e83971. [PMID: 37204300 PMCID: PMC10259453 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is hypothesized to play a central role in neural processes that regulate self-control. Still uncertain, however, is how that brain structure participates in the dynamically evolving estimation of value that underlies the ability to delay gratification and wait patiently for a gain. To address that gap in knowledge, we studied the spiking activity of neurons in the STN of monkeys during a task in which animals were required to remain motionless for varying periods of time in order to obtain food reward. At the single-neuron and population levels, we found a cost-benefit integration between the desirability of the expected reward and the imposed delay to reward delivery, with STN signals that dynamically combined both attributes of the reward to form a single integrated estimate of value. This neural encoding of subjective value evolved dynamically across the waiting period that intervened after instruction cue. Moreover, this encoding was distributed inhomogeneously along the antero-posterior axis of the STN such that the most dorso-posterior-placed neurons represented the temporal discounted value most strongly. These findings highlight the selective involvement of the dorso-posterior STN in the representation of temporally discounted rewards. The combination of rewards and time delays into an integrated representation is essential for self-control, the promotion of goal pursuit, and the willingness to bear the costs of time delays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Pasquereau
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR 5229, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 69675 Bron CedexBronFrance
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 VilleurbanneVilleurbanneFrance
| | - Robert S Turner
- Department of Neurobiology, Center for Neuroscience and The Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of PittsburghPittsburghUnited States
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Eskandari K, Fattahi M, Yazdanian H, Haghparast A. Is Deep Brain Stimulation an Effective Treatment for Psychostimulant Dependency? A Preclinical and Clinical Systematic Review. Neurochem Res 2022; 48:1255-1268. [PMID: 36445490 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03818-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Addiction to psychostimulants significantly affects public health. Standard medical therapy is often not curative. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising treatment that has attracted much attention for addiction treatment in recent years. The present review aimed to systematically identify the positive and adverse effects of DBS in human and animal models to evaluate the feasibility of DBS as a treatment for psychostimulant abuse. The current study also examined the possible mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of DBS. In February 2022, a comprehensive search of four databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus, was carried out to identify all reports that DBS was a treatment for psychostimulant addiction. The selected studies were extracted, summarized, and evaluated using the appropriate methodological quality assessment tools. The results indicated that DBS could reduce relapse and the desire for the drug in human and animal subjects without any severe side effects. The underlying mechanisms of DBS are complex and likely vary from region to region in terms of stimulation parameters and patterns. DBS seems a promising therapeutic option. However, clinical experiences are currently limited to several uncontrolled case reports. Further studies with controlled, double-blind designs are needed. In addition, more research on animals and humans is required to investigate the precise role of DBS and its mechanisms to achieve optimal stimulation parameters and develop new, less invasive methods.
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Peer presence and familiarity as key factors to reduce cocaine intake in both rats and humans: an effect mediated by the subthalamic nucleus. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:1097-1113. [PMID: 35013763 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-06033-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Stimulant use, including cocaine, often occurs in a social context whose influence is important to understand to decrease intake and reduce associated harms. Although the importance of social influence in the context of drug addiction is known, there is a need for studies assessing its neurobiological substrate and for translational research. OBJECTIVES Here, we explored the influence of peer presence and familiarity on cocaine intake and its neurobiological basis. Given the regulatory role of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) on cocaine intake and emotions, we investigated its role on such influence of social context on cocaine intake. METHODS We first compared cocaine consumption in various conditions (with no peer present or with peers with different characteristics: abstinent peer or drug-taking peer, familiar or not, cocaine-naive or not, dominant or subordinate) in rats (n = 90). Then, with a translational approach, we assessed the influence of the social context (alone, in the group, in a dyad with familiar or non-familiar peers) on drug intake in human drug users (n = 77). RESULTS The drug consumption was reduced when a peer was present, abstinent, or drug-taking as well, and further diminished when the peer was non-familiar. The presence of a non-familiar and drug-naive peer represents key conditions to diminish cocaine intake. The STN lesion by itself reduced cocaine intake to the level reached in presence of a non-familiar naive peer and affected social cognition, positioning the STN as one neurobiological substrate of social influence on drug intake. Then, the human study confirmed the beneficial effect of social presence, especially of non-familiar peers. CONCLUSION Our results indirectly support the use of social interventions and harm reduction strategies and position the STN as a key cerebral structure to mediate these effects.
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Shah T, Dunning JL, Contet C. At the heart of the interoception network: Influence of the parasubthalamic nucleus on autonomic functions and motivated behaviors. Neuropharmacology 2022; 204:108906. [PMID: 34856204 PMCID: PMC8688299 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The parasubthalamic nucleus (PSTN), a small nucleus located on the lateral edge of the posterior hypothalamus, has emerged in recent years as a highly interconnected node within the network of brain regions sensing and regulating autonomic function and homeostatic needs. Furthermore, the strong integration of the PSTN with extended amygdala circuits makes it ideally positioned to serve as an interface between interoception and emotions. While PSTN neurons are mostly glutamatergic, some of them also express neuropeptides that have been associated with stress-related affective and motivational dysfunction, including substance P, corticotropin-releasing factor, and pituitary adenylate-cyclase activating polypeptide. PSTN neurons respond to food ingestion and anorectic signals, as well as to arousing and distressing stimuli. Functional manipulation of defined pathways demonstrated that the PSTN serves as a central hub in multiple physiologically relevant networks and is notably implicated in appetite suppression, conditioned taste aversion, place avoidance, impulsive action, and fear-induced thermoregulation. We also discuss the putative role of the PSTN in interoceptive dysfunction and negative urgency. This review aims to synthesize the burgeoning preclinical literature dedicated to the PSTN and to stimulate interest in further investigating its influence on physiology and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Shah
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeffery L Dunning
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Candice Contet
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Nakata KG, Yin E, Sutlief E, Ferguson SM. Chemogenetic modulation reveals distinct roles of the subthalamic nucleus and its afferents in the regulation of locomotor sensitization to amphetamine in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:353-364. [PMID: 34549316 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05985-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a key node in cortico-basal-ganglia thalamic circuits, guiding behavioral output through its position as an excitatory relay of the striatal indirect pathway and its direct connections with the cortex. There have been conflicting results regarding the role of the STN in addiction-related behavior to psychostimulants, and little is known with respect to the role of STN afferents. To address this, we used viral vectors to express DREADDs (Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs) in the STN of rats in order to bidirectionally manipulate STN activity during the induction of amphetamine sensitization. In addition, we used a Cre-recombinase dependent Gi/o-coupled DREADD approach to transiently inhibit afferents from ventral pallidum (a subcomponent of the striatal indirect pathway) or the prelimbic cortex (a subcomponent of the cortico-STN hyperdirect pathway). Despite inducing mild hyperactivity in non-drug controls, stimulation of STN neurons with Gq-DREADDs blocked the development and persistence of amphetamine sensitization as well as conditioned responding. In contrast, inhibition of STN neurons with Gi/o-DREADDs enhanced the induction of sensitization without altering its persistence or conditioned responding. Chemogenetic inhibition of afferents from ventral pallidum had no effect on amphetamine sensitization but blocked conditioned responding whereas chemogenetic inhibition of afferents from prelimbic cortex attenuated the persistence of sensitization as well as conditioned responding. These results suggest the STN and its afferents play complex roles in the regulation of amphetamine sensitization and highlight the need for further characterization of how integration of inputs within STN guide behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- K G Nakata
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - E Yin
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - E Sutlief
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Susan M Ferguson
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. .,Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. .,Addictions, Drug & Alcohol Insitute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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Kallupi M, Kononoff J, Melas PA, Qvist JS, de Guglielmo G, Kandel ER, George O. Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens shell attenuates cocaine withdrawal but increases cocaine self-administration, cocaine-induced locomotor activity, and GluR1/GluA1 in the central nucleus of the amygdala in male cocaine-dependent rats. Brain Stimul 2022; 15:13-22. [PMID: 34742997 PMCID: PMC8816878 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cocaine addiction is a major public health problem. Despite decades of intense research, no effective treatments are available. Both preclinical and clinical studies strongly suggest that deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) is a viable target for the treatment of cocaine use disorder (CUD). OBJECTIVE Although previous studies have shown that DBS of the NAcc decreases cocaine seeking and reinstatement, the effects of DBS on cocaine intake in cocaine-dependent animals have not yet been investigated. METHODS Rats were made cocaine dependent by allowing them to self-administer cocaine in extended access conditions (6 h/day, 0.5 mg/kg/infusion). The effects of monophasic bilateral high-frequency DBS (60 μs pulse width and 130 Hz frequency) stimulation with a constant current of 150 μA of the NAcc shell on cocaine intake was then evaluated. Furthermore, cocaine-induced locomotor activity, irritability-like behavior during cocaine abstinence, and the levels of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunits 1 and 2 (GluR1/GluA1 and GluR2/GluA2) after DBS were investigated. RESULTS Contrary to our expectations, DBS of the NAcc shell induced a slight increase in cocaine self-administration, and increased cocaine-induced locomotion after extended access of cocaine self-administration. In addition, DBS decreased irritability-like behavior 18 h into cocaine withdrawal. Finally, DBS increased both cytosolic and synaptosomal levels of GluR1, but not GluR2, in the central nucleus of the amygdala but not in other brain regions. CONCLUSIONS These preclinical results with cocaine-dependent animals support the use of high-frequency DBS of the NAcc shell as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of the negative emotional state that emerges during cocaine abstinence, but also demonstrate that DBS does not decrease cocaine intake in active, long-term cocaine users. These data, together with the existing evidence that DBS of the NAcc shell reduces the reinstatement of cocaine seeking in abstinent animals, suggest that NAcc shell DBS may be beneficial for the treatment of the negative emotional states and craving during abstinence, although it may worsen cocaine use if individuals continue drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marsida Kallupi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA,Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N.Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA,Correspondence to: and
| | - Jenni Kononoff
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N.Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Philippe A. Melas
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA,Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Jerome L. Greene Science Center, New York, NY 10027, USA,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17176, Sweden
| | - Johanna S. Qvist
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA,Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Jerome L. Greene Science Center, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Giordano de Guglielmo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA,Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N.Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eric R. Kandel
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA,Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Jerome L. Greene Science Center, New York, NY 10027, USA,Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Olivier George
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA 92093, USA,Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N.Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA,Correspondence to: and
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14
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Subthalamic low-frequency oscillations predict vulnerability to cocaine addiction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2024121118. [PMID: 33785599 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2024121118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying vulnerable individuals before they transition to a compulsive pattern of drug seeking and taking is a key challenge in addiction to develop efficient prevention strategies. Oscillatory activity within the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been associated with compulsive-related disorders. To study compulsive cocaine-seeking behavior, a core component of drug addiction, we have used a rat model in which cocaine seeking despite a foot-shock contingency only emerges in some vulnerable individuals having escalated their cocaine intake. We show that abnormal oscillatory activity within the alpha/theta and low-beta bands during the escalation of cocaine intake phase predicts the subsequent emergence of compulsive-like seeking behavior. In fact, mimicking STN pathological activity in noncompulsive rats during cocaine escalation turns them into compulsive ones. We also find that 30 Hz, but not 130 Hz, STN deep brain stimulation (DBS) reduces pathological cocaine seeking in compulsive individuals. Our results identify an early electrical signature of future compulsive-like cocaine-seeking behavior and further advocates the use of frequency-dependent STN DBS for the treatment of addiction.
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15
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Shifts in the neurobiological mechanisms motivating cocaine use with the development of an addiction-like phenotype in male rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:811-823. [PMID: 33241478 PMCID: PMC8290931 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05732-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The development of addiction is accompanied by a shift in the mechanisms motivating cocaine use from nucleus accumbens (NAc) dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) signaling to glutamate AMPA-kainate receptor (AMPA-R) signaling. OBJECTIVE Here, we determined whether similar shifts occur for NAc-D2R signaling and following systemic manipulation of D1R, D2R, and AMPA-R signaling. METHODS Male rats were given short-access (20 infusions/day) or extended-access to cocaine (24 h/day, 96 infusions/day, 10 days). Motivation for cocaine was assessed following 14 days of abstinence using a progressive-ratio schedule. Once responding stabilized, the effects of NAc-D2R antagonism (eticlopride; 0-10.0 μg/side) and systemic D1R (SCH-23390; 0-1.0 mg/kg), D2R (eticlopride; 0-0.1 mg/kg), and AMPA-R (CNQX; 0-1.5 mg/kg) antagonism, and NAc-dopamine-R gene expression (Drd1/2/3) were examined. RESULTS Motivation for cocaine was markedly higher in the extended- versus short-access group confirming the development of an addiction-like phenotype in the extended-access group. NAc-infused eticlopride decreased motivation for cocaine in both the short- and extended-access groups although low doses (0.1-0.3 μg) were more effective in the short-access group and high doses (3-10 μg/side) tended to be more effective in the extended-access group. Systemic administration of eticlopride (0.1 mg/kg) was more effective in the extended-access group, and systemic administration of CNQX was effective in the extended- but not short-access group. NAc-Drd2 expression was decreased in both the short- and extended-access groups. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that in contrast to NAc-D1R, D2R remain critical for motivating cocaine use with the development of an addiction-like phenotype. These findings also indicate that shifts in the mechanisms motivating cocaine use impact the response to both site-specific and systemic pharmacological treatment.
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Serotonergic control of the glutamatergic neurons of the subthalamic nucleus. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2021; 261:423-462. [PMID: 33785138 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) houses a dense cluster of glutamatergic neurons that play a central role in the functional dynamics of the basal ganglia, a group of subcortical structures involved in the control of motor behaviors. Numerous anatomical, electrophysiological, neurochemical and behavioral studies have reported that serotonergic neurons from the midbrain raphe nuclei modulate the activity of STN neurons. Here, we describe this serotonergic innervation and the nature of the regulation exerted by serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) on STN neuron activity. This regulation can occur either directly within the STN or at distal sites, including other structures of the basal ganglia or cortex. The effect of 5-HT on STN neuronal activity involves several 5-HT receptor subtypes, including 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT2C and 5-HT4 receptors, which have garnered the highest attention on this topic. The multiple regulatory effects exerted by 5-HT are thought to be modified under pathological conditions, altering the activity of the STN, or due to the benefits and side effects of treatments used for Parkinson's disease, notably the dopamine precursor l-DOPA and high-frequency STN stimulation. Originally understood as a motor center, the STN is also associated with decision making and participates in mood regulation and cognitive performance, two domains of personality that are also regulated by 5-HT. The literature concerning the link between 5-HT and STN is already important, and the functional overlap is evident, but this link is still not entirely understood. The understanding of this link between 5-HT and STN should be increased due to the possible importance of this regulation in the control of fronto-STN loops and inherent motor and non-motor behaviors.
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17
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Mosley PE, Akram H. Neuropsychiatric effects of subthalamic deep brain stimulation. THE HUMAN HYPOTHALAMUS - MIDDLE AND POSTERIOR REGION 2021; 180:417-431. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-820107-7.00026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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18
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Vachez YM, Creed MC. Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus Modulates Reward-Related Behavior: A Systematic Review. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:578564. [PMID: 33328933 PMCID: PMC7714911 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.578564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is an effective treatment for the motor symptoms of movement disorders including Parkinson's Disease (PD). Despite its therapeutic benefits, STN-DBS has been associated with adverse effects on mood and cognition. Specifically, apathy, which is defined as a loss of motivation, has been reported to emerge or to worsen following STN-DBS. However, it is often challenging to disentangle the effects of STN-DBS per se from concurrent reduction of dopamine replacement therapy, from underlying PD pathology or from disease progression. To this end, pre-clinical models allow for the dissociation of each of these factors, and to establish neural substrates underlying the emergence of motivational symptoms following STN-DBS. Here, we performed a systematic analysis of rodent studies assessing the effects of STN-DBS on reward seeking, reward motivation and reward consumption across a variety of behavioral paradigms. We find that STN-DBS decreases reward seeking in the majority of experiments, and we outline how design of the behavioral task and DBS parameters can influence experimental outcomes. While an early hypothesis posited that DBS acts as a "functional lesion," an analysis of lesions and inhibition of the STN revealed no consistent pattern on reward-related behavior. Thus, we discuss alternative mechanisms that could contribute to the amotivational effects of STN-DBS. We also argue that optogenetic-assisted circuit dissection could yield important insight into the effects of the STN on motivated behavior in health and disease. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the effects of STN-DBS on motivated behavior-will be critical for optimizing the clinical application of STN-DBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvan M Vachez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Meaghan C Creed
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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19
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Breysse E, Meffre J, Pelloux Y, Winstanley CA, Baunez C. Decreased risk‐taking and loss‐chasing after subthalamic nucleus lesion in rats. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:2362-2375. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Breysse
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR7289 CNRS & Aix‐Marseille Université Marseille France
| | - Julie Meffre
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR7289 CNRS & Aix‐Marseille Université Marseille France
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives UMR7289 CNRS & Aix‐Marseille Université Marseille France
| | - Yann Pelloux
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR7289 CNRS & Aix‐Marseille Université Marseille France
- IIT Genoa Italy
| | - Catharine A. Winstanley
- Department of Psychology Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Christelle Baunez
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR7289 CNRS & Aix‐Marseille Université Marseille France
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20
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In vivo validation of a new portable stimulator for chronic deep brain stimulation in freely moving rats. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 333:108577. [PMID: 31899208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.108577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is considered as a gold standard therapy for the alleviation of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). This success paved the way to its application for other neurological and psychiatric disorders. In this context, we aimed to develop a rodent-specific stimulator with characteristics similar to those used in patients. NEW METHOD We designed a stimulator that can be connected to an electrode container with options for bilateral or unilateral stimulation selection and offers a wide range of frequencies, pulse widths and intensities, constant current, biphasic current-control and charge balancing. Dedicated software was developed to program these parameters and the device was tested on a bilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model of PD. RESULTS The equipment was well tolerated by the animals with a good general welfare. STN stimulation (130 Hz frequency, 0.06 ms pulse width, 150 μA average intensity) improved the motor deficits induced by 6-OHDA as it significantly increased the number of movements compared to the values obtained in the same animals without STN stimulation. Furthermore, it restored motor coordination by significantly increasing the time spent on the rotarod bar. CONCLUSION We successfully developed and validated a new portable and programmable stimulator for freely moving rats that delivers a large range of stimulation parameters using bilateral biphasic current-control and charge balancing to maximize tissue safety. This device can be used to test deep brain stimulation in different animal models of human brain diseases.
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21
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Vachez Y, Carcenac C, Magnard R, Kerkerian‐Le Goff L, Salin P, Savasta M, Carnicella S, Boulet S. Subthalamic Nucleus Stimulation Impairs Motivation: Implication for Apathy in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2020; 35:616-628. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.27953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yvan Vachez
- Inserm U1216 Grenoble France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN Grenoble France
| | - Carole Carcenac
- Inserm U1216 Grenoble France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN Grenoble France
| | - Robin Magnard
- Inserm U1216 Grenoble France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN Grenoble France
| | | | | | - Marc Savasta
- Inserm U1216 Grenoble France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN Grenoble France
| | - Sebastien Carnicella
- Inserm U1216 Grenoble France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN Grenoble France
| | - Sabrina Boulet
- Inserm U1216 Grenoble France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN Grenoble France
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22
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Badiani A, Caprioli D, De Pirro S. Opposite environmental gating of the experienced utility ('liking') and decision utility ('wanting') of heroin versus cocaine in animals and humans: implications for computational neuroscience. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:2451-2471. [PMID: 31289884 PMCID: PMC6695361 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05318-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this paper, we reviewed translational studies concerned with environmental influences on the rewarding effects of heroin versus cocaine in rats and humans with substance use disorder. These studies show that both experienced utility ('liking') and decision utility ('wanting') of heroin and cocaine shift in opposite directions as a function of the setting in which these drugs were used. Briefly, rats and humans prefer using heroin at home but cocaine outside the home. These findings appear to challenge prevailing theories of drug reward, which focus on the notion of shared substrate of action for drug of abuse, and in particular on their shared ability to facilitate dopaminergic transmission. AIMS Thus, in the second part of the paper, we verified whether our findings could be accounted for by available computational models of reward. To account for our findings, a model must include a component that could mediate the substance-specific influence of setting on drug reward RESULTS: It appears of the extant models that none is fully compatible with the results of our studies. CONCLUSIONS We hope that this paper will serve as stimulus to design computational models more attuned to the complex mechanisms responsible for the rewarding effects of drugs in real-world contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Badiani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
- Sussex Addiction Research & Intervention Centre (SARIC) and School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
| | - Daniele Caprioli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), Rome, Italy
| | - Silvana De Pirro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Sussex Addiction Research & Intervention Centre (SARIC) and School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
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De Luca MT, Montanari C, Meringolo M, Contu L, Celentano M, Badiani A. Heroin versus cocaine: opposite choice as a function of context but not of drug history in the rat. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:787-798. [PMID: 30443795 PMCID: PMC6469678 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-5115-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Previous studies have shown that rats trained to self-administer heroin and cocaine exhibit opposite preferences, as a function of setting, when tested in a choice paradigm. Rats tested at home prefer heroin to cocaine, whereas rats tested outside the home prefer cocaine to heroin. Here, we investigated whether drug history would influence subsequent drug preference in distinct settings. Based on a theoretical model of drug-setting interaction, we predicted that regardless of drug history rats would prefer heroin at home and cocaine outside the home. METHODS Rats with double-lumen catheters were first trained to self-administer either heroin (25 μg/kg) or cocaine (400 μg/kg) for 12 consecutive sessions. Twenty-six rats were housed in the self-administration chambers (thus, they were tested at home), whereas 30 rats lived in distinct home cages and were transferred to self-administration chambers only for the self-administration session (thus, they were tested outside the home). The rats were then allowed to choose repeatedly between heroin and cocaine within the same session for seven sessions. RESULTS Regardless of the training drug, the rats tested outside the home preferred cocaine to heroin, whereas the rats tested at home preferred heroin to cocaine. There was no correlation between drug preference and drug intake during the training phase. CONCLUSION Drug preferences were powerfully influenced by the setting but, quite surprisingly, not by drug history. This suggests that, under certain conditions, associative learning processes and drug-induced neuroplastic adaptations play a minor role in shaping individual preferences for one drug or the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa De Luca
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Vittorio Erspamer, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Christian Montanari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Vittorio Erspamer, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Meringolo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Vittorio Erspamer, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Contu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Vittorio Erspamer, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Celentano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Vittorio Erspamer, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Badiani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Vittorio Erspamer, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
- Sussex Addiction Research and Intervention Centre (SARIC), School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Sussex, UK.
- Sussex Neuroscience, University of Sussex, Sussex, UK.
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