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Shaikh M, Doshi G. Epigenetic aging in major depressive disorder: Clocks, mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 978:176757. [PMID: 38897440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Depression, a chronic mental disorder characterized by persistent sadness, loss of interest, and difficulty in daily tasks, impacts millions globally with varying treatment options. Antidepressants, despite their long half-life and minimal effectiveness, leave half of patients undertreated, highlighting the need for new therapies to enhance well-being. Epigenetics, which studies genetic changes in gene expression or cellular phenotype without altering the underlying Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) sequence, is explored in this article. This article delves into the intricate relationship between epigenetic mechanisms and depression, shedding light on how environmental stressors, early-life adversity, and genetic predispositions shape gene expression patterns associated with depression. We have also discussed Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, which enhance cognitive function and mood regulation in depression. Non-coding RNAs, (ncRNAs) such as Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and micro RNA (miRNAs), are highlighted as potential biomarkers for detecting and monitoring major depressive disorder (MDD). This article also emphasizes the reversible nature of epigenetic modifications and their influence on neuronal growth processes, underscoring the dynamic interplay between genetics, environment, and epigenetics in depression development. It explores the therapeutic potential of targeting epigenetic pathways in treating clinical depression. Additionally, it examines clinical findings related to epigenetic clocks and their role in studying depression and biological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqtada Shaikh
- SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, 400 056, India
| | - Gaurav Doshi
- SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, 400 056, India.
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2
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Fitzgerald PJ. Frontal Alpha Asymmetry and Its Modulation by Monoaminergic Neurotransmitters in Depression. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN COLLEGE OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 22:405-415. [PMID: 39069680 PMCID: PMC11289606 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.23.1138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) is an electroencephalography (EEG) measure that quantifies trait-like left versus right hemisphere lateralization in alpha power. Increased FAA indicates relatively greater left than right frontal cortex activation and is associated with enhanced reward-related approach behaviors rather than avoidance or withdrawal. Studies dating back several decades have often suggested that having greater FAA supports enhanced positive affect and protection against major depressive disorder (MDD), whereas having greater right frontal activation (i.e., reduced FAA) is associated with negative affect and risk for MDD. While this hypothesis is widely known, a number of other studies instead have found increased FAA in MDD, or evidence that either leftward or rightward bias in FAA is associated with depression. Here we briefly review the literature on leftward or rightward lateralization in FAA in MDD, and find much evidence that MDD is not always characterized by reduced FAA. We also review the limited literature on FAA and monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems, including pharmacologic agents that act on them. Studies of serotonin in particular provide genetic and pharmacologic evidence for modulation of FAA, where some of these data may suggest that serotonin reduces FAA. In a synthesis of the collective literature on FAA and the monoamines, we suggest that serotonin and norepinephrine may differentially affect FAA, with serotonin tending to promote right frontal activation and norepinephrine biased toward left frontal activation. These putative differences in frontal lateralization may influence MDD phenotypes or potential subtypes of the disorder, and suggest pharmacologic treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J. Fitzgerald
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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3
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Hu X, Cheng B, Tang Y, Long T, Huang Y, Li P, Song Y, Song X, Li K, Yin Y, Chen X. Gray matter volume and corresponding covariance connectivity are biomarkers for major depressive disorder. Brain Res 2024; 1837:148986. [PMID: 38714227 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
The major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and severe mental disorder. To identify a reliable biomarker for MDD is important for early diagnosis and prevention. Given easy access and high reproducibility, the structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) is an ideal method to identify the biomarker for depression. In this study, sMRI data of first episode, treatment-naïve 66 MDD patients and 54 sex-, age-, and education-matched healthy controls (HC) were used to identify the differences in gray matter volume (GMV), group-level, individual-level covariance connections. Finally, the abnormal GMV and individual covariance connections were applied to classify MDD from HC. MDD patients showed higher GMV in middle occipital gyrus (MOG) and precuneus (PCun), and higher structural covariance connections between MOG and PCun. In addition, the Allen Human Brain Atlas (AHBA) was applied and revealed the genetic basis for the changes of gray matter volume. Importantly, we reported that GMV in MOG, PCun and structural covariance connectivity between MOG and PCun are able to discriminate MDD from HC. Our results revealed structural underpinnings for MDD, which may contribute towards early discriminating for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bochao Cheng
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuying Tang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tong Long
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiyang Song
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kun Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yijie Yin
- School of Sociality and Psychology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xijian Chen
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Gabryelska A, Turkiewicz S, Ditmer M, Gajewski A, Strzelecki D, Białasiewicz P, Chałubiński M, Sochal M. The Complex Relationship between Neuromodulators, Circadian Rhythms, and Insomnia in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8469. [PMID: 39126038 PMCID: PMC11313237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been linked to disruptions in circadian rhythm and neurotrophin (NFT) signaling. This study explored the link between neuromodulators, chronotype, and insomnia in OSA. The participants (n = 166) underwent polysomnography (PSG) before being categorized into either the control or the OSA group. The following questionnaires were completed: Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Chronotype Questionnaire (morningness-eveningness (ME), and subjective amplitude (AM). Blood samples were collected post-PSG for protein level assessment using ELISA kits for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), proBDNF, glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor, NFT3, and NFT4. Gene expression was analyzed utilizing qRT-PCR. No significant differences were found in neuromodulator levels between OSA patients and controls. The controls with insomnia exhibited elevated neuromodulator gene expression (p < 0.05). In the non-insomnia individuals, BDNF and NTF3 expression was increased in the OSA group compared to controls (p = 0.007 for both); there were no significant differences between the insomnia groups. The ISI scores positively correlated with all gene expressions in both groups, except for NTF4 in OSA (R = 0.127, p = 0.172). AM and ME were predicting factors for the ISI score and clinically significant insomnia (p < 0.05 for both groups). Compromised compensatory mechanisms in OSA may exacerbate insomnia. The correlation between chronotype and NFT expression highlights the role of circadian misalignments in sleep disruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Gabryelska
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorder, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (S.T.); (M.D.); (P.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Szymon Turkiewicz
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorder, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (S.T.); (M.D.); (P.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Marta Ditmer
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorder, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (S.T.); (M.D.); (P.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Adrian Gajewski
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska, 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (A.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Dominik Strzelecki
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Piotr Białasiewicz
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorder, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (S.T.); (M.D.); (P.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Maciej Chałubiński
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska, 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (A.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Marcin Sochal
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorder, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (S.T.); (M.D.); (P.B.); (M.S.)
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Chen H, Shi X, Liu N, Jiang Z, Ma C, Luo G, Liu S, Wei X, Liu Y, Ming D. Photobiomodulation therapy mitigates depressive-like behaviors by remodeling synaptic links and mitochondrial function. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 258:112998. [PMID: 39096719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Depression, a multifactorial mental disorder, characterized by cognitive slowing, anxiety, and impaired cognitive function, imposes a significant burden on public health. Photobiomodulation (PBM), involving exposure to sunlight or artificial light at a specific intensity and wavelength for a determined duration, influences brain activity, functional connectivity, and plasticity. It is recognized for its therapeutic efficacy in treating depression, yet its molecular and cellular underpinnings remain obscure. Here, we investigated the impact of PBM with 468 nm light on depression-like behavior and neuronal damage in the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) murine model, a commonly employed animal model for studying depression. Our results demonstrate that PBM treatment ameliorated behavioral deficits, inhibited neuroinflammation and apoptosis, and notably rejuvenates the hippocampal synaptic function in depressed mice, which may be mainly attributed to the up-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling pathways. In addition, in vitro experiments with a corticosterone-induced hippocampal neuron injury model demonstrate reduced oxidative stress and improved mitochondrial function, further validating the therapeutic potential of PBM. In summary, these findings suggest PBM as a promising, non-invasive treatment for depression, offering insights into its biological mechanisms and potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Chen
- State Key Laboratry of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xinyu Shi
- State Key Laboratry of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Na Liu
- State Key Laboratry of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Zhongdi Jiang
- State Key Laboratry of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Chunyan Ma
- State Key Laboratry of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Guoshuai Luo
- Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xunbin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Cancer Hospital & Institute, International Cancer Institute, Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratry of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Detection Technology and Systems, School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Niazi NUK, Huang C, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Song C. Comparison between sub-chronic and chronic sleep deprivation-induced behavioral and neuroimmunological abnormalities in mice: Focusing on glial cell phenotype polarization. Behav Brain Res 2024; 470:115067. [PMID: 38795845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disorders, depression, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are extensively reported as comorbidity. Although neuroinflammation triggered by microglial phenotype M1 activation, leading to neurotransmitter dysfunction and Aβ aggregation, is considered as the leading cause of depression and AD, whether and how sub-chronic or chronic sleep deprivation (SD) contribute to the onset and development of these diseases remains unclear. METHODS Memory and depression-like behaviors were evaluated in both SDs, and then circadian markers, glial cell phenotype polarization, cytokines, depression-related neurotransmitters, and AD-related gene/protein expressions were measured by qRT-PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, high-performance liquid chromatography, and western-blotting respectively. RESULTS Both SDs induced give-up behavior and anhedonia and increased circadian marker period circadian regulator 2 (PER2) expression, which were much worse in chronic than in the sub-chronic SD group, while brain and muscle ARNT-like protein-1 only decreased in the chronic-SD. Furthermore, increased microglial M1 and astrocyte A1 expression and proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α was observed in both SDs, which were more significant in chronic SD. Similarly, decreased norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine/5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid ratio were more significant, which corresponds to the worse depression-like behavior in chronic than sub-chronic-SD. With regard to AD, increased amyloid precursor protein (APP) and soluble (s)-APPβ and decreased sAPPα in both SDs were more significant in the chronic. However, sAPPα/sAPPβ ratio was only decreased in chronic SD. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that both SDs induce depression-like changes by increasing PER2, leading to neuroinflammation and neurotransmitter dysfunction. However, only chronic SD induced memory impairment likely due to severer circadian disruption, higher neuroinflammation, and dysregulation of APP metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasar Ullah Khan Niazi
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chengyi Huang
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhiyou Yang
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yongping Zhang
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Cai Song
- Research Institute for Marine Drugs and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China; Dongguan Seventh People's Hospital (Dongguan Mental Health Center), Dongguan, China.
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7
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Zhang S, Hu Y, Zhao Y, Feng Y, Wang X, Miao M, Miao J. Molecular mechanism of Chang Shen Hua volatile oil modulating brain cAMP-PKA-CREB pathway to improve depression-like behavior in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155729. [PMID: 38772184 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common and complex mental illness that manifests as persistent episodes of sadness, loss of interest, and decreased energy, which might lead to self-harm and suicide in severe cases. Reportedly, depression affects 3.8 % of the world's population and has been listed as one of the major global public health concerns. In recent years, aromatherapy has been widely used as an alternative and complementary therapy in the prevention and treatment of depression; people can relieve anxiety and depression by sniffing plant aromatic essential oils. Acorus tatarinowii and Panax ginseng essential oils in Chang Shen Hua volatile oil (CSHVO) are derived from Acorus tatarinowii and Panax ginseng, respectively, the main medicines in the famous Chinese medicine prescription Kai Xin San (KXS), Then, these oils are combined with the essential oil of Albizia julibrissin flower to form a new Chinese medicine inhalation preparation, CSHVO. KXS has been widely used in the treatment of depression; however, whether CSHVO can ameliorate depression-like behavior, its pharmacological effects, and the underlying mechanisms of action are yet to be elucidated. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A rat model of chronic and unpredictable mild stimulation (CUMS) combined with orphan rearing was treated with CSHVO for 4 weeks. Using behavioral tests (sucrose preference, force swimming, tail suspension, and open field), the depression-like degree was evaluated. Concurrently, brain homogenate and serum biochemistry were analyzed to assess the changes in the neurotransmitters and inflammatory and neurotrophic factors. Furthermore, tissue samples were collected for histological and protein analyses. In addition, network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses of the major active compounds, potential therapeutic targets, and intervention pathways predicted a role of CSHVO in depression relief. Subsequently, these predictions were confirmed by in vitro experiments using a corticosterone (CORT)-induced PC12 cell damage model. RESULTS CSHVO inhalation can effectively improve the weight and depression-like behavior of depressed rats and regulate the expression of inflammatory factors and neurotransmitters. Hematoxylin-eosin, Nissl, and immunofluorescence staining indicated that compared to the model group, the pathological damage to the brain tissues of rats in the CSHVO groups was improved. The network pharmacological analysis revealed that 144 CSHVO active compounds mediate 71 targets relevant to depression treatment, most of which are rich in the cAMP signaling and inflammatory cytokine pathways. Protein-protein interaction analysis showed that TNF, IL6, and AKT are the core anti-depressive targets of CSHVO. Molecular docking analysis showed an adequate binding between the active ingredients and the key targets. In vitro experiments showed that compared to the model group, the survival rate of PC12 cells induced by CSHVO intervention was increased, the apoptosis rate was decreased, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the cell supernatant was improved. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining confirmed that CSHVO regulates PC12 cells in the CORT model through the cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway, and pretreatment with PKA blocker H89 eliminates the protective effect of CSHVO on CORT-induced PC12 cells. CONCLUSIONS CSHVO improves CORT-induced injury in the PC12 cell model and CUMS combined with orphan rearing-induced depression model in rats. The antidepressant mechanism of CSHVO is associated with the modulation of the cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangli Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China; School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yilong Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yinan Zhao
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yifan Feng
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Mingsan Miao
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China; School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Jinxin Miao
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China; School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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Cristiano N, Cabayé A, Brabet I, Glatthar R, Tora A, Goudet C, Bertrand HO, Goupil-Lamy A, Flor PJ, Pin JP, McCort-Tranchepain I, Acher FC. Novel Inhibitory Site Revealed by XAP044 Mode of Action on the Metabotropic Glutamate 7 Receptor Venus Flytrap Domain. J Med Chem 2024; 67:11662-11687. [PMID: 38691510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors play a key role in modulating most synapses in the brain. The mGlu7 receptors inhibit presynaptic neurotransmitter release and offer therapeutic possibilities for post-traumatic stress disorders or epilepsy. Screening campaigns provided mGlu7-specific allosteric modulators as the inhibitor XAP044 (Gee et al. J. Biol. Chem. 2014). In contrast to other mGlu receptor allosteric modulators, XAP044 does not bind in the transmembrane domain but to the extracellular domain of the mGlu7 receptor and not at the orthosteric site. Here, we identified the mode of action of XAP044, combining synthesis of derivatives, modeling and docking experiments, and mutagenesis. We propose a unique mode of action of these inhibitors, preventing the closure of the Venus flytrap agonist binding domain. While acting as a noncompetitive antagonist of L-AP4, XAP044 and derivatives act as apparent competitive antagonists of LSP4-2022. These data revealed more potent XAP044 analogues and new possibilities to target mGluRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia Cristiano
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8601, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Cabayé
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8601, 75006 Paris, France
- BIOVIA Dassault Systèmes, F-78140 Vélizy-Villacoublay Cedex, France
| | - Isabelle Brabet
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Ralf Glatthar
- Novartis Biomedical Research, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amelie Tora
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Cyril Goudet
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Anne Goupil-Lamy
- BIOVIA Dassault Systèmes, F-78140 Vélizy-Villacoublay Cedex, France
| | - Peter J Flor
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology and Preclinical Medicine, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jean-Philippe Pin
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, 34094 Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle McCort-Tranchepain
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8601, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Francine C Acher
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8601, 75006 Paris, France
- Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8003, 75006 Paris, France
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Zhang Y. Parkin, a Parkinson's disease-associated protein, mediates the mitophagy that plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder. Neurochem Int 2024; 179:105808. [PMID: 39047792 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a complex mood disorder with multifactorial etiology and is also the most frequent non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease. Emerging research suggests a potential link between mitochondrial dysfunction and the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder. By synthesizing current knowledge and research findings, this review sheds light on the intricate relationship between Parkin, a protein classically associated with Parkinson's disease, and mitochondrial quality control mechanisms (e.g., mitophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitochondrial dynamic), specifically focusing on their relevance in the context of depression. Additionally, the present review discusses therapeutic strategies targeting Parkin-medicated mitophagy and calls for further research in this field. These findings suggest promise for the development of novel depression treatments through modulating Parkin-mediated mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
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10
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Cao B, Xiao Y, Liu D. Associations of methylmalonic acid and depressive symptoms with mortality: a population-based study. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:297. [PMID: 39030164 PMCID: PMC11271623 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-03015-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Methylmalonic acid (MMA), a biomarker of mitochondrial dysfunction, has been reported to be associated with depression in specific populations (i.e., older adults and postpartum women). Our study aimed to investigate to what extent MMA was associated with depressive symptoms and mortality in the general population, and assess whether depressive symptoms mediate the relationship between MMA and mortality. We analyzed cross-sectional data from 8343 participants from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. MMA was measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, while depressive symptoms were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Mortality data were obtained through linkage with National Death Index records. Linear regression models were performed to assess the association between MMA and depressive symptoms. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was utilized to assess the association of MMA and depressive symptoms with mortality. Mediation analysis was conducted within the counterfactual framework. In this general population, each SD (around 0.49 μmol/L) increase in MMA was associated with a 0.03 SD (approximately 0.15 score) increase in depressive symptoms (β = 0.033, 95% CI: 0.010, 0.055, p = 0.005). Notably, this association was more pronounced in men and participants over 60 years old. Higher levels of MMA and having more depressive symptoms were associated with a higher risk of mortality. However, depressive symptoms do not mediate the relationship between MMA and mortality. Elevated MMA levels were associated with depressive symptoms and an increased risk of mortality. These findings suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to the multifactorial etiology of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yefei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- Population Health Sciences, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.
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11
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Kéri S, Kancsev A, Kelemen O. Algorithm-Based Modular Psychotherapy Alleviates Brain Inflammation in Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:887. [PMID: 39063640 PMCID: PMC11278507 DOI: 10.3390/life14070887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is marked by prolonged and excessive worry, physical signs of anxiety, and associated neuroinflammation. Traditional treatments, like pharmacotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), often leave residual symptoms and have high relapse rates. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of algorithm-based modular psychotherapy (MoBa), a combination of CBT and mindfulness meditation as validated by the research domain criteria (RDoC), in reducing anxiety and neuroinflammation in GAD. A longitudinal design was used, with 50 patients with GAD undergoing a 12-week MoBa treatment. The patients were investigated pre- and post-treatment using MRI to measure neuroinflammatory markers (DBSI-RF, diffusion-basis spectral imaging-based restricted fraction) in the hippocampus, amygdala, and neocortex. Clinical symptoms were assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7). Results indicated significant reductions in both anxiety symptoms and MRI RF values in the amygdala, suggesting decreased neuroinflammation. A reduction in anxiety was associated with the amelioration of neuroinflammation in the amygdala. These results suggest that MoBa is effective in alleviating both the psychological and neuroinflammatory aspects of GAD, offering a promising personalized treatment approach. Future research should focus on long-term effects and the mechanisms through which MoBa impacts neuroinflammation and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Kéri
- Sztárai Institute, University of Tokaj, 3944 Sárospatak, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alexander Kancsev
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, András Jósa Hospital, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary;
| | - Oguz Kelemen
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bács-Kiskun County Hospital, 6000 Kecskemét, Hungary
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12
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Wang SY, Xia ZX, Yang SW, Chen WK, Zhao YL, Li MD, Tian D, Pan Y, Lin XS, Zhu XQ, Huang Z, Liu JM, Lai ZM, Tao WC, Shen ZC. Regulation of depressive-like behaviours by palmitoylation: Role of AKAP150 in the basolateral amygdala. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:1897-1915. [PMID: 38413375 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Protein palmitoylation is involved in learning and memory, and in emotional disorders. Yet, the underlying mechanisms in these processes remain unclear. Herein, we describe that A-kinase anchoring protein 150 (AKAP150) is essential and sufficient for depressive-like behaviours in mice via a palmitoylation-dependent mechanism. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Depressive-like behaviours in mice were induced by chronic restraint stress (CRS) and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Palmitoylated proteins in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) were assessed by an acyl-biotin exchange assay. Genetic and pharmacological approaches were used to investigate the role of the DHHC2-mediated AKAP150 palmitoylation signalling pathway in depressive-like behaviours. Electrophysiological recording, western blotting and co-immunoprecipitation were performed to define the mechanistic pathway. KEY RESULTS Chronic stress successfully induced depressive-like behaviours in mice and enhanced AKAP150 palmitoylation in the BLA, and a palmitoylation inhibitor was enough to reverse these changes. Blocking the AKAP150-PKA interaction with the peptide Ht-31 abolished the CRS-induced AKAP150 palmitoylation signalling pathway. DHHC2 expression and palmitoylation levels were both increased after chronic stress. DHHC2 knockdown prevented CRS-induced depressive-like behaviours, as well as attenuating AKAP150 signalling and synaptic transmission in the BLA in CRS-treated mice. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These results delineate that DHHC2 modulates chronic stress-induced depressive-like behaviours and synaptic transmission in the BLA via the AKAP150 palmitoylation signalling pathway, and this pathway may be considered as a promising novel therapeutic target for major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Xuan Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Shao-Wei Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei-Kai Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yue-Ling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meng-Die Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dan Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yue Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Shan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian-Min Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhong-Meng Lai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wu-Cheng Tao
- Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zu-Cheng Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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13
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Chang L, Wang T, Qu Y, Fan X, Zhou X, Wei Y, Hashimoto K. Identification of novel endoplasmic reticulum-related genes and their association with immune cell infiltration in major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2024; 356:190-203. [PMID: 38604455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several lines of evidence point to an interaction between genetic predisposition and environmental factors in the onset of major depressive disorder (MDD). This study is aimed to investigate the pathogenesis of MDD by identifying key biomarkers, associated immune infiltration using bioinformatic analysis and human postmortem sample. METHODS The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database of GSE98793 was adopted to identify hub genes linked to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes (ERGs) in MDD. Another GEO database of GSE76826 was employed to validate the novel target associated with ERGs and immune infiltration in MDD. Moreover, human postmortem sample from MDD patients was utilized to confirm the differential expression analysis of hub genes. RESULTS We discovered 12 ER stress-related differentially expressed genes (ERDEGs). A LASSO Cox regression analysis helped construct a diagnostic model for these ERDEGs, incorporating immune infiltration analysis revealed that three hub genes (ERLIN1, SEC61B, and USP13) show the significant and consistent expression differences between the two groups. Western blot analysis of postmortem brain samples indicated notably higher expression levels of ERLIN1 and SEC61B in the MDD group, with USP13 also tending to increase compared to control group. LIMITATIONS The utilization of the MDD gene chip in this analysis was sourced from the GEO database, which possesses a restricted number of pertinent gene chip samples. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that ERDEGs especially including ERLIN1, SEC61B, and USP13 associated the infiltration of immune cells may be potential diagnostic indicators for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijia Chang
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Youge Qu
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Xinrong Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhou
- Basic Medicine Research Innovation Center for Cardiometabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Department of Thyroid and Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
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14
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Liu Q, Zhao JN, Fang ZT, Wang X, Zhang BG, He Y, Liu RJ, Chen J, Liu GP. BGP-15 alleviates LPS-induced depression-like behavior by promoting mitophagy. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:648-664. [PMID: 38677623 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) frequently imposes severe constraints on psychosocial functioning and detrimentally impacts overall well-being. Despite the growing interest in the hypothesis of mitochondrial dysfunction, the precise mechanistic underpinnings and therapeutic strategies remain unclear and require further investigation. In this study, an MDD model was established in mice using lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Our research findings demonstrated that LPS exposure induced depressive-like behaviors and disrupted mitophagy by diminishing the mitochondrial levels of PINK1/Parkin in the brains of mice. Furthermore, LPS exposure evoked the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, accompanied by a notable elevation in the concentrations of pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6). Additionally, neuronal apoptosis was stimulated through the JNK/p38 pathway. The administration of BGP-15 effectively nullified the impact of LPS, corresponding to the amelioration of depressive-like phenotypes and restoration of mitophagy, prevention of neuronal injury and inflammation, and suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Furthermore, we elucidated the involvement of mitophagy in BGP-15-attenuated depressive-like behaviors using the inhibitors targeting autophagy (3-MA) and mitophagy (Mdivi-1). Notably, these inhibitors notably counteracted the antidepressant and anti-inflammatory effects exerted by BGP-15. Based on the research findings, it can be inferred that the antidepressant properties of BGP-15 in LPS-induced depressive-like behaviors could potentially be attributed to the involvement of the mitophagy pathway. These findings offer a potential novel therapeutic strategy for managing MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jun-Ning Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhi-Ting Fang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing-Ge Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ye He
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Rui-Juan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Gong-Ping Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
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15
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Li Y, Chen X, Lan T, Wang W, Wang C, Chang M, Yu Z, Yu S. Targeting Phactr4 to rescue chronic stress-induced depression-like behavior in rats via regulating neuroinflammation and neuroplasticity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:132854. [PMID: 38838879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by persistent pleasure loss and behavioral despair. However, the potential mechanisms and therapeutic targets for depression treatment remain unclear. Therefore, identifying the underlying pathogenesis of depression would promote the development of novel treatment and provide effective targets for antidepressant drugs. In this study, proteomics analysis showed that the expression level of phosphatase and actin regulator 4 (Phactr4) was significantly increased in the CA1 hippocampus of depressed rats. The upregulated Phactr4 might induce dysfunction of the synaptic structure via suppressing the p-LIMK/p-Cofilin signaling pathway, and promote neuroinflammation via activating the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, which ultimately contributes to the pathogenesis of depression. In contrast, the downregulation of Phactr4 in hippocampal CA1 of depressed rats alleviated depression-like behaviors, along with reducing neuroinflammation and improving synaptic plasticity. In conclusion, these findings provide evidence that Phactr4 plays an important role in regulating neuroinflammatory response and impairment of synaptic plasticity, effects seem to involve in the pathogenesis of depression, and Phactr4 may serve as a potential target for antidepressant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Changmin Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Mengni Chang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zhaoying Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Shuyan Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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16
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Pan SM, Yin XY, Dai DM, Zhang LW, Qi Q, Wang PJ, Hui L, Zhu ZH. Unraveling the potential of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides as an adjuvant of escitalopram in depression treatment and exploring the underlying mechanisms. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118124. [PMID: 38556138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHAMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides (MOs) is a mixture of oligosaccharides extracted from the roots of Morinda officinalis (MO). It is approved by Chinese Food and Drug Administration (CFDA) for depression treatment. MOs could improve the antidepressant efficacy of escitalopram in clinic. AIM OF THE STUDY We aim to explore the antidepressant activity and potential mechanism of the combination usage of MOs and escitalopram on animal model of depression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Depressive animal model was induced by chronic mild stress (CMS). Behavioral tests were conducted to evaluate the antidepressant efficacy of MOs and escitalopram. Serum neurotransmitter levels were detected by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting were applied to assay the hippocampus neurotrophic factors' mRNA and protein levels. Peripheral cytokines levels were measured through Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Micorglia polization phenotype was assayed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. RESULTS MOs and escitalopram obviously attenuated depression-like behaviors of CMS mice. Importantly, MOs plus escitalopram exhibited better antidepressant activity on CMS mice than monotherapy. At the same time, MOs combined escitalopram treatment significantly increased hippocampus neurotransmitters and neurotrophic factor levels, stimulated hippocampus neurogenesis and relieved central nervous system (CNS) microglia over-activation of CMS mice. The combination therapy had greater effect on neuroprotection and inflammation attenuation of CMS mice than monotherapy. CONCLUSION Our results indicates MOs combined escitalopram might produce antidepressant activity through protecting neuron activity, relieving inflammation and modulating microglia polarization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Man Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xu-Yuan Yin
- Research Center of Biological Psychiatry, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Dong-Mei Dai
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Li-Wan Zhang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Qi Qi
- Research Center of Biological Psychiatry, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Pei-Jie Wang
- Research Center of Biological Psychiatry, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Li Hui
- Research Center of Biological Psychiatry, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Zhen-Hua Zhu
- Research Center of Biological Psychiatry, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215137, Jiangsu, PR China.
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17
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Zhou X, Ganz AB, Rayner A, Cheng TY, Oba H, Rolnik B, Lancaster S, Lu X, Li Y, Johnson JS, Hoyd R, Spakowicz DJ, Slavich GM, Snyder MP. Dynamic Human Gut Microbiome and Immune Shifts During an Immersive Psychosocial Therapeutic Program. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.26.600881. [PMID: 38979211 PMCID: PMC11230355 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.26.600881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Background Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide yet its underlying factors, particularly microbial associations, are poorly understood. Methods We examined the longitudinal interplay between the microbiome and immune system in the context of depression during an immersive psychosocial intervention. 142 multi-omics samples were collected from 52 well-characterized participants before, during, and three months after a nine-day inquiry-based stress reduction program. Results We found that depression was associated with both an increased presence of putatively pathogenic bacteria and reduced microbial beta-diversity. Following the intervention, we observed reductions in neuroinflammatory cytokines and improvements in several mental health indicators. Interestingly, participants with a Prevotella-dominant microbiome showed milder symptoms when depressed, along with a more resilient microbiome and more favorable inflammatory cytokine profile, including reduced levels of CXCL-1. Conclusions Our findings reveal a protective link between the Prevotella-dominant microbiome and depression, associated with a less inflammatory environment and moderated symptoms. These insights, coupled with observed improvements in neuroinflammatory markers and mental health from the intervention, highlight potential avenues for microbiome-targeted therapies in depression management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford university School of Medicine, CA, USA
- These authors contributed equally to the work
| | - Ariel B. Ganz
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
- Stanford Healthcare Innovation Lab, Stanford University, CA, USA
- These authors contributed equally to the work
| | - Andre Rayner
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Tess Yan Cheng
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Washington, WA, USA
| | - Haley Oba
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin Rolnik
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
- Stanford Healthcare Innovation Lab, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | - Samuel Lancaster
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Xinrui Lu
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yizhou Li
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jethro S. Johnson
- Oxford Centre for Microbiome Studies, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rebecca Hoyd
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, OH, USA
| | | | - George M. Slavich
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael P. Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford university School of Medicine, CA, USA
- Stanford Healthcare Innovation Lab, Stanford University, CA, USA
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18
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Guldager MB, Chaves Filho AM, Biojone C, Joca S. Therapeutic potential of cannabidiol in depression. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 177:251-293. [PMID: 39029987 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a widespread and debilitating condition affecting a significant portion of the global population. Traditional treatment for MDD has primarily involved drugs that increase brain monoamines by inhibiting their uptake or metabolism, which is the basis for the monoaminergic hypothesis of depression. However, these treatments are only partially effective, with many patients experiencing delayed responses, residual symptoms, or complete non-response, rendering the current view of the hypothesis as reductionist. Cannabidiol (CBD) has shown promising results in preclinical models and human studies. Its mechanism is not well-understood, but may involve monoamine and endocannabinoid signaling, control of neuroinflammation and enhanced neuroplasticity. This chapter will explore CBD's effects in preclinical and clinical studies, its molecular mechanisms, and its potential as a treatment for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matti Bock Guldager
- Department of Biomedicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Caroline Biojone
- Department of Biomedicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sâmia Joca
- Department of Biomedicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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19
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Fan X, Sun L, Qin Y, Liu Y, Wu S, Du L. The Role of HSP90 Molecular Chaperones in Depression: Potential Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04284-4. [PMID: 38896156 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by high rates of disability and death and has become a public health problem that threatens human life and health worldwide. HPA axis disorder and neuroinflammation are two common biological abnormalities in MDD patients. Hsp90 is an important molecular chaperone that is widely distributed in the organism. Hsp90 binds to the co-chaperone and goes through a molecular chaperone cycle to complete its regulation of the client protein. Numerous studies have demonstrated that Hsp90 regulates how the HPA axis reacts to stress and how GR, the HPA axis' responsive substrate, matures. In addition, Hsp90 exhibits pro-inflammatory effects that are closely related to neuroinflammation in MDD. Currently, Hsp90 inhibitors have made some progress in the treatment of a variety of human diseases, but they still need to be improved. Further insight into the role of Hsp90 in MDD provides new ideas for the development of new antidepressant drugs targeting Hsp90.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyuan Fan
- Department of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shusheng Wu
- Department of the Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Longfei Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, Jiangsu, China.
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20
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Stolfi F, Abreu H, Sinella R, Nembrini S, Centonze S, Landra V, Brasso C, Cappellano G, Rocca P, Chiocchetti A. Omics approaches open new horizons in major depressive disorder: from biomarkers to precision medicine. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1422939. [PMID: 38938457 PMCID: PMC11210496 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1422939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a recurrent episodic mood disorder that represents the third leading cause of disability worldwide. In MDD, several factors can simultaneously contribute to its development, which complicates its diagnosis. According to practical guidelines, antidepressants are the first-line treatment for moderate to severe major depressive episodes. Traditional treatment strategies often follow a one-size-fits-all approach, resulting in suboptimal outcomes for many patients who fail to experience a response or recovery and develop the so-called "therapy-resistant depression". The high biological and clinical inter-variability within patients and the lack of robust biomarkers hinder the finding of specific therapeutic targets, contributing to the high treatment failure rates. In this frame, precision medicine, a paradigm that tailors medical interventions to individual characteristics, would help allocate the most adequate and effective treatment for each patient while minimizing its side effects. In particular, multi-omic studies may unveil the intricate interplays between genetic predispositions and exposure to environmental factors through the study of epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, gut microbiomics, and immunomics. The integration of the flow of multi-omic information into molecular pathways may produce better outcomes than the current psychopharmacological approach, which targets singular molecular factors mainly related to the monoamine systems, disregarding the complex network of our organism. The concept of system biomedicine involves the integration and analysis of enormous datasets generated with different technologies, creating a "patient fingerprint", which defines the underlying biological mechanisms of every patient. This review, centered on precision medicine, explores the integration of multi-omic approaches as clinical tools for prediction in MDD at a single-patient level. It investigates how combining the existing technologies used for diagnostic, stratification, prognostic, and treatment-response biomarkers discovery with artificial intelligence can improve the assessment and treatment of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Stolfi
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Hugo Abreu
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Riccardo Sinella
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Sara Nembrini
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Sara Centonze
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Virginia Landra
- Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudio Brasso
- Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cappellano
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Paola Rocca
- Department of Neuroscience “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chiocchetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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21
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El-Marasy SA, AbouSamra MM, Moustafa PE, Mabrok HB, Ahmed-Farid OA, Galal AF, Farouk H. Anti-depressant effect of Naringenin-loaded hybridized nanoparticles in diabetic rats via PPARγ/NLRP3 pathway. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13559. [PMID: 38866877 PMCID: PMC11169681 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62676-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Naringenin (NAR) has various biological activities but low bioavailability. The current study examines the effect of Naringenin-loaded hybridized nanoparticles (NAR-HNPs) and NAR on depression induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in rats. NAR-HNPs formula with the highest in vitro NAR released profile, lowest polydispersity index value (0.21 ± 0.02), highest entrapment efficiency (98.7 ± 2.01%), as well as an acceptable particle size and zeta potential of 415.2 ± 9.54 nm and 52.8 ± 1.04 mV, respectively, was considered the optimum formulation. It was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, examined using a transmission electron microscope, and a stability study was conducted at different temperatures to monitor its stability efficiency showing that NAR-HNP formulation maintains stability at 4 °C. The selected formulation was subjected to an acute toxicological test, a pharmacokinetic analysis, and a Diabetes mellitus (DM) experimental model. STZ (50 mg/kg) given as a single i.p. rendered rats diabetic. Diabetic rat groups were allocated into 4 groups: one group received no treatment, while the remaining three received oral doses of unloaded HNPs, NAR (50 mg/kg), NAR-HNPs (50 mg/kg) and NAR (50 mg/kg) + peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) antagonist, GW9662 (1mg/kg, i.p.) for three weeks. Additional four non-diabetic rat groups received: distilled water (normal), free NAR, and NAR-HNPs, respectively for three weeks. NAR and NAR-HNPs reduced immobility time in forced swimming test and serum blood glucose while increasing serum insulin level. They also reduced cortical and hippocampal 5-hydroxyindoeacetic acid, 3,4-Dihydroxy-phenylacetic acid, malondialdehyde, NLR family pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) and interleukin-1beta content while raised serotonin, nor-epinephrine, dopamine and glutathione level. PPAR-γ gene expression was elevated too. So, NAR and NAR-HNPs reduced DM-induced depression by influencing brain neurotransmitters and exhibiting anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects through the activation PPAR-γ/ NLRP3 pathway. NAR-HNPs showed the best pharmacokinetic and therapeutic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma A El-Marasy
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mona M AbouSamra
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Pharmaceutical Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Passant E Moustafa
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hoda B Mabrok
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Food Industries and Nutrition Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Asmaa F Galal
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hadir Farouk
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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22
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Deng Y, Liang X, Li Y, Jiang L, Wang J, Tang J, Li J, Xie Y, Xiao K, Zhu P, Guo Y, Luo Y, Tang Y. PGC-1α in the hippocampus mediates depressive-like and stress-coping behaviours and regulates excitatory synapses in the dentate gyrus in mice. Neuropharmacology 2024; 250:109908. [PMID: 38492883 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Decreased hippocampal synaptic plasticity is an important pathological change in stress-related mood disorders, including major depressive disorder. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. PGC-1α, a transcriptional coactivator, is a key factor in synaptic plasticity. We investigated the relationships between changes in hippocampal PGC-1α expression and depressive-like and stress-coping behaviours, and whether they are related to hippocampal synapses. Adeno-associated virus was used to alter hippocampal PGC-1α expression in male C57BL/6 mice. The sucrose preference test and forced swimming test were used to assess their depressive-like and stress-coping behaviours, respectively. Immunohistochemistry and stereology were used to calculate the total number of excitatory synapses in each hippocampal subregion (the cornu ammonis (CA) 1, CA3, and dentate gyrus). Immunofluorescence was used to visualize the changes in dendritic structure. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of hippocampal PGC-1α and mitochondrial-associated proteins, such as UCP2, NRF1 and mtTFAs. Our results showed that mice with downregulated PGC-1α expression in the hippocampus exhibited depressive-like and passive stress-coping behaviours, while mice with upregulated PGC-1α in the hippocampus exhibited increased stress-coping behaviours. Moreover, the downregulation of hippocampal PGC-1α expression resulted in a decrease in the number of excitatory synapses in the DG and in the protein expression of UCP2 in the hippocampus. Alternatively, upregulation of hippocampal PGC-1α yielded the opposite results. This suggests that hippocampal PGC-1α is involved in regulating depressive-like and stress-coping behaviours and modulating the number of excitatory synapses in the DG. This provides new insight for the development of antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Deng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Xin Liang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Lab Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yuhan Xie
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Kai Xiao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Peilin Zhu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yijing Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yanmin Luo
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
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23
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Liu Y, Chen L, Lin L, Xu C, Xiong Y, Qiu H, Li X, Li S, Cao H. Unveiling the hidden pathways: Exploring astrocytes as a key target for depression therapy. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 174:101-113. [PMID: 38626560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Depressive disorders are widely debilitating psychiatric disease. Despite the considerable progress in the field of depression therapy, extensive research spanning many decades has failed to uncover pathogenic pathways that might aid in the creation of long-acting and rapid-acting antidepressants. Consequently, it is imperative to reconsider existing approaches and explore other targets to improve this area of study. In contemporary times, several scholarly investigations have unveiled that persons who have received a diagnosis of depression, as well as animal models employed to study depression, demonstrate a decrease in both the quantity as well as density of astrocytes, accompanied by alterations in gene expression and morphological attributes. Astrocytes rely on a diverse array of channels and receptors to facilitate their neurotransmitter transmission inside tripartite synapses. This study aimed to investigate the potential processes behind the development of depression, specifically focusing on astrocyte-associated neuroinflammation and the involvement of several molecular components such as connexin 43, potassium channel Kir4.1, aquaporin 4, glutamatergic aspartic acid transporter protein, SLC1A2 or GLT-1, glucocorticoid receptors, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B, and autophagy, that localized on the surface of astrocytes. The study also explores novel approaches in the treatment of depression, with a focus on astrocytes, offering innovative perspectives on potential antidepressant medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
| | - Lin Lin
- Scientific Research Management Department, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
| | - Caijuan Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
| | - Yifan Xiong
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
| | - Huiwen Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
| | - Sixin Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, The School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, China; Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China.
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24
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Wu S, Shang X, Guo M, Su L, Wang J. Exosomes in the Diagnosis of Neuropsychiatric Diseases: A Review. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:387. [PMID: 38927267 PMCID: PMC11200774 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are 30-150 nm small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) which are highly stable and encapsulated by a phospholipid bilayer. Exosomes contain proteins, lipids, RNAs (mRNAs, microRNAs/miRNAs, long non-coding RNAs/lncRNAs), and DNA of their parent cell. In pathological conditions, the composition of exosomes is altered, making exosomes a potential source of biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Exosomes can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is an advantage for using exosomes in the diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Neuropsychiatric diseases belong to the CNS diseases, and many potential diagnostic markers have been identified for neuropsychiatric diseases. Here, we review the potential diagnostic markers of exosomes in neuropsychiatric diseases and discuss the potential application of exosomal biomarkers in the early and accurate diagnosis of these diseases. Additionally, we outline the limitations and future directions of exosomes in the diagnosis of neuropsychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Wu
- Autism & Depression Diagnosis and Intervention Institute, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; (S.W.); (X.S.); (M.G.)
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Ministry of Education & Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Xinmiao Shang
- Autism & Depression Diagnosis and Intervention Institute, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; (S.W.); (X.S.); (M.G.)
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Ministry of Education & Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Meng Guo
- Autism & Depression Diagnosis and Intervention Institute, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; (S.W.); (X.S.); (M.G.)
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Ministry of Education & Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Lei Su
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nano-Biosensing Technology, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - Jun Wang
- Autism & Depression Diagnosis and Intervention Institute, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; (S.W.); (X.S.); (M.G.)
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Ministry of Education & Hubei Province, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
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25
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Deng Q, Parker E, Wu C, Zhu L, Liu TCY, Duan R, Yang L. Repurposing Ketamine in the Therapy of Depression and Depression-Related Disorders: Recent Advances and Future Potential. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0239. [PMID: 38916735 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression represents a prevalent and enduring mental disorder of significant concern within the clinical domain. Extensive research indicates that depression is very complex, with many interconnected pathways involved. Most research related to depression focuses on monoamines, neurotrophic factors, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, tryptophan metabolism, energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, the gut-brain axis, glial cell-mediated inflammation, myelination, homeostasis, and brain neural networks. However, recently, Ketamine, an ionotropic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, has been discovered to have rapid antidepressant effects in patients, leading to novel and successful treatment approaches for mood disorders. This review aims to summarize the latest findings and insights into various signaling pathways and systems observed in depression patients and animal models, providing a more comprehensive view of the neurobiology of anxious-depressive-like behavior. Specifically, it highlights the key mechanisms of ketamine as a rapid-acting antidepressant, aiming to enhance the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. Moreover, we discuss the potential of ketamine as a prophylactic or therapeutic intervention for stress-related psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianting Deng
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Emily Parker
- Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Chongyun Wu
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Timon Cheng-Yi Liu
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Duan
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luodan Yang
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Miquel-Rio L, Sarriés-Serrano U, Sancho-Alonso M, Florensa-Zanuy E, Paz V, Ruiz-Bronchal E, Manashirov S, Campa L, Pilar-Cuéllar F, Bortolozzi A. ER stress in mouse serotonin neurons triggers a depressive phenotype alleviated by ketamine targeting eIF2α signaling. iScience 2024; 27:109787. [PMID: 38711453 PMCID: PMC11070602 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression is a devastating mood disorder that causes significant disability worldwide. Current knowledge of its pathophysiology remains modest and clear biological markers are lacking. Emerging evidence from human and animal models reveals persistent alterations in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis, suggesting that ER stress-related signaling pathways may be targets for prevention and treatment. However, the neurobiological basis linking the pathways involved in depression-related ER stress remains unknown. Here, we report that an induced model of ER stress in mouse serotonin (5-HT) neurons is associated with reduced Egr1-dependent 5-HT cellular activity and 5-HT neurotransmission, resulting in neuroplasticity deficits in forebrain regions and a depressive-like phenotype. Ketamine administration engages downstream eIF2α signaling to trigger rapid neuroplasticity events that rescue the depressive-like effects. Collectively, these data identify ER stress in 5-HT neurons as a cellular pathway involved in the pathophysiology of depression and show that eIF2α is critical in eliciting ketamine's fast antidepressant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluis Miquel-Rio
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- University of Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Unai Sarriés-Serrano
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - María Sancho-Alonso
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Florensa-Zanuy
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria (IBBTEC), University of Cantabria-CSIC, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Verónica Paz
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Ruiz-Bronchal
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sharon Manashirov
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- miCure Therapeutics LTD., Tel-Aviv 6423902, Israel
| | - Leticia Campa
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fuencisla Pilar-Cuéllar
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria (IBBTEC), University of Cantabria-CSIC, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Analia Bortolozzi
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Mir M, Khan AU, Khan A. Pharmacological investigation of taxifolin for its therapeutic potential in depression. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30467. [PMID: 38694040 PMCID: PMC11061746 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the influence of taxifolin on depression symptoms alleviation in Male Sprague-Dawley rats by targeting underlying pathways of depression. Molecular docking analyses were conducted to validate taxifolin's binding affinities against various targets. In silico analysis of taxifolin revealed various aspects of post docking interactions with different protein targets. Depression was induced in rats via intraperitoneal injection of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 500 μ g/Kg) for 14 alternative days. Rats (n = 6/group) were randomly assigned to four groups: (i) Saline/Control, (ii) Disease (LPS 500 μg/kg), (iii) Standard (fluoxetine 20 mg/kg), and (iv) Treatment (taxifolin 20 mg/kg). At the end of the in vivo study, brain samples were used for biochemical and morphological analysis. Taxifolin exhibited neuroprotective effects, as evidenced by behavioral studies, antioxidant analysis, histopathological examination, immunohistochemistry, ELISA and RT PCR, indicating an increase number of surviving neurons, normalization of cell size and shape, and reduction in vacuolization. Taxifolin also decreased inflammatory markers such as TNF-α, NF-κb, IL-6 and COX-2, while significantly upregulating and activating the protective PPAR-γ pathway, through which it reduces the oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, thereby ameliorating depression symptoms in experimental rat model of depression. Our finding suggests that taxifolin act as neuroprotective agent partially mediated through PPAR-γ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Mir
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Arif-ullah Khan
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aslam Khan
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Minbay M, Khan A, Ghasemi AR, Ingram KK, Ay AA. Sex-specific associations between circadian-related genes and depression in UK Biobank participants highlight links to glucose metabolism, inflammation and neuroplasticity pathways. Psychiatry Res 2024; 337:115948. [PMID: 38788553 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Depressive disorders have increased in global prevalence, making improved management of these disorders a public health priority. Prior research has linked circadian clock genes to depression, either through direct interactions with mood-related pathways in the brain or by modulating the phase of circadian rhythms. Using machine learning and statistical techniques, we explored associations between 157,347 SNP variants from 51 circadian-related genes and depression scores from the patient health questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) in 99,939 UK Biobank participants. Our results highlight multiple pathways linking the circadian system to mood, including metabolic, monoamine, immune, and stress-related pathways. Notably, genes regulating glucose metabolism and inflammation (GSK3B, LEP, RORA, and NOCT) were prominent factors in females, in addition to DELEC1 and USP46, two genes of unknown function. In contrast, FBXL3 and DRD4 emerged as significant risk factors for male depression. We also found epistatic interactions involving RORA, NFIL3, and ZBTB20 as either risk or protective factors for depression, underscoring the importance of transcription factors (ZBTB20, NFIL3) and hormone receptors (RORA) in depression etiology. Understanding the complex, sex-specific links between circadian genes and mood disorders will facilitate the development of therapeutic interventions and enhance the efficacy of multi-target treatments for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mete Minbay
- Department of Computer Science, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA
| | - Ayub Khan
- Department of Computer Science, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA; Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA
| | - Ali R Ghasemi
- Department of Computer Science, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA
| | - Krista K Ingram
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA.
| | - Ahmet A Ay
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA
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Bappi MH, Mia MN, Ansari SA, Ansari IA, Prottay AAS, Akbor MS, El-Nashar HAS, El-Shazly M, Mubarak MS, Torequl Islam M. Quercetin increases the antidepressant-like effects of sclareol and antagonizes diazepam in thiopental sodium-induced sleeping mice: A possible GABAergic transmission intervention. Phytother Res 2024; 38:2198-2214. [PMID: 38414297 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Quercetin is the most common polyphenolic flavonoid present in fruits and vegetables demonstrating versatile health-promoting effects. This study aimed to examine the effects of quercetin (QR) and sclareol (SCL) on the thiopental sodium (TS)-induced sleeping and forced swimming test (FST) mouse models. SCL (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg, p.o.) or QR (50 mg/kg, p.o.) and/or diazepam (DZP) (3 mg/kg, i.p.) were employed. After 30 min of TS induction, individual or combined effects on the animals were checked. In the FST test, the animals were subjected to forced swimming after 30 min of administration of the test and/or controls for 5 min. In this case, immobility time was measured. In silico studies were conducted to evaluate the involvement of GABA receptors. SCL (5 and 10 mg/kg) significantly increased the latency and decreased sleeping time compared to the control in the TS-induced sleeping time study. DZP (3 mg/kg) showed a sedative-like effect in animals in both sleeping and FST studies. QR (50 mg/kg) exhibited a similar pattern of activity as SCL. However, its effects were more prominent than those of SCL groups. SCL (10 mg/kg) altered the DZP-3-mediated effects. SCL-10 co-treated with QR-50 significantly (p < 0.05) increased the latency and decreased sleep time and immobility time, suggesting possible synergistic antidepressant-like effects. In silico studies revealed that SCL and QR demonstrated better binding affinities with GABAA receptor, especially α2, α3, and α5 subunits. Both compounds also exhibited good ADMET and drug-like properties. In animal studies, the both compounds worked synergistically to provide antidepressant-like effects in a slightly different fashion. As a conclusion, the combined administration of SCL and QR may be used in upcoming neurological clinical trials, according to in vivo and in silico findings. However, additional investigation is necessary to verify this behavior and clarify the potential mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehedi Hasan Bappi
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nayem Mia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Siddique Akber Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan Aamer Ansari
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Abdullah Al Shamsh Prottay
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Md Showkoth Akbor
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Heba A S El-Nashar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
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Chan II, Wu AM. Assessing the Role of Cortisol in Anxiety, Major Depression, and Neuroticism: A Mendelian Randomization Study Using SERPINA6/ SERPINA1 Variants. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 4:100294. [PMID: 38525495 PMCID: PMC10959652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous evidence informed by the toxic stress model suggests that higher cortisol causes anxiety and major depression, but clinical success is lacking. To clarify the role of cortisol, we used Mendelian randomization to estimate its associations with anxiety, major depression, and neuroticism, leveraging the largest available genome-wide association studies including from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, the UK Biobank, and FinnGen. Methods After meta-analyzing 2 genome-wide association studies on morning plasma cortisol (n = 32,981), we selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at p < 5 × 10-8 and r2 < 0.3 in the SERPINA6/SERPINA1 gene region encoding proteins that influence cortisol bioavailability. We applied these SNPs to summary genetic associations with the outcomes considered (n = 17,310-449,484), and systolic blood pressure as a positive outcome, using inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis accounting for correlation. Sensitivity analyses addressing SNP correlation and confounding by childhood maltreatment and follow-up analyses using only SNPs that colocalized with SERPINA6 expression were conducted. Results Cortisol was associated with anxiety (pooled odds ratio [OR] 1.16 per cortisol z score; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.31), but not major depression (pooled OR 1.02, 95% CI, 0.95 to 1.10) or neuroticism (β -0.025; 95% CI, -0.071 to 0.022). Sensitivity analyses yielded similar estimates. Cortisol was positively associated with systolic blood pressure, as expected. Using rs9989237 and rs2736898, selected using colocalization, cortisol was associated with anxiety in the UK Biobank (OR 1.32; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.74) but not with major depression in FinnGen (OR 1.14; 95% CI, 0.95 to 1.37). Conclusions Cortisol was associated with anxiety and may be a potential target for prevention. Other targets may be more relevant to major depression and neuroticism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Io Ieong Chan
- Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Macao, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Anise M.S. Wu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
- Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Institute of Collaborative Innovation, University of Macau, Macao, China
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Chen H, Wang J, Chen S, Chen X, Liu J, Tang H, Zhou J, Tian Y, Wang X, Cao X, Zhou J. Abnormal energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism in depressed adolescents associated with childhood maltreatment: A targeted metabolite analysis. Psychiatry Res 2024; 335:115795. [PMID: 38460351 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the metabolomic differences between Major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy individuals among adolescents and the association between childhood maltreatment (CM) and differentially abundant metabolites. The exploratory study included 40 first-episode drug-naïve adolescents with MDD and 20 healthy volunteers. We used the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-13) to assess the severity of depression and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) to assess the presence of childhood maltreatment. The plasma samples from all participants were collected for targeted metabolomics analysis using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‒MS/MS) methods. Spearman correlation was applied to analyse the correlations between clinical variables and metabolites. We found 11 increased metabolites and 37 decreased metabolites that differed between adolescents with MDD and healthy individuals. Pathway enrichment analysis of differentially abundant metabolites showed abnormalities in energy metabolism and oxidative stress in MDD. Importantly, we found that creatine, valine, isoleucine, glutamic acid and pyroglutamic acid were negatively correlated with the BDI-13, while isocitric acid, fatty acid and acylcarnitine were negatively associated with CTQ, and 4-hydroxyproline was positively related to CTQ in adolescents with MDD. These studies provide new ideas for the pathogenesis and potential treatment of adolescents with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shurui Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xianliang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Huajia Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yusheng Tian
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xia Cao
- Health Management Center, Health Management Research Center of Central South University, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, 410013, China.
| | - Jiansong Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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Maji S, Mohapatra D, Jena M, Srinivasan A, Maiti R. Repurposing of dextromethorphan as an adjunct therapy in patients with major depressive disorder: a randomised, group sequential adaptive design, controlled clinical trial protocol. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e080500. [PMID: 38688675 PMCID: PMC11086520 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic latency, lack of efficacy and adverse drug reactions are the major concerns in current antidepressant therapies. To overcome these treatment hurdles, add-on therapy to conventional antidepressant medications may lead to better therapeutic outcomes. The present randomised controlled trial has been planned to evaluate the efficacy and safety of add-on dextromethorphan to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS AND ANALYSIS A randomised, double-blind, add-on, placebo-controlled, group sequential design clinical trial will be conducted on patients with MDD who will be randomly assigned to the control and the test group in a 1:1 ratio. Patients in the test group will get dextromethorphan 30 mg once daily, whereas patients in the control group will receive a placebo once daily as an add-on to ongoing SSRI treatment for 8 weeks. All patients will be evaluated for the primary outcome (change in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale score) and secondary outcomes (treatment response rate, remission rate, Clinical Global Impression, serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor, serum dextromethorphan and treatment-emergent adverse events) over the period of 8 weeks. Intention-to-treat analysis will be done for all parameters using suitable statistical tools. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India, and the study conformed to the provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki and ICMR's ethical guidelines for biomedical research on human subjects (2017). Written informed consent will be obtained from the participants before recruitment. The results of this study will be published in peer-reviewed publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05181527.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shampa Maji
- Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Debadatta Mohapatra
- Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Monalisa Jena
- Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Anand Srinivasan
- Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rituparna Maiti
- Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Zapata-Acevedo JF, Mantilla-Galindo A, Vargas-Sánchez K, González-Reyes RE. Blood-brain barrier biomarkers. Adv Clin Chem 2024; 121:1-88. [PMID: 38797540 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic interface that regulates the exchange of molecules and cells between the brain parenchyma and the peripheral blood. The BBB is mainly composed of endothelial cells, astrocytes and pericytes. The integrity of this structure is essential for maintaining brain and spinal cord homeostasis and protection from injury or disease. However, in various neurological disorders, such as traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis, the BBB can become compromised thus allowing passage of molecules and cells in and out of the central nervous system parenchyma. These agents, however, can serve as biomarkers of BBB permeability and neuronal damage, and provide valuable information for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Herein, we provide an overview of the BBB and changes due to aging, and summarize current knowledge on biomarkers of BBB disruption and neurodegeneration, including permeability, cellular, molecular and imaging biomarkers. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities for developing a biomarker toolkit that can reliably assess the BBB in physiologic and pathophysiologic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Zapata-Acevedo
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias, Centro de Neurociencia Neurovitae-UR, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alejandra Mantilla-Galindo
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias, Centro de Neurociencia Neurovitae-UR, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Karina Vargas-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Celular, Grupo de Neurociencia Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Rodrigo E González-Reyes
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias, Centro de Neurociencia Neurovitae-UR, Instituto de Medicina Traslacional, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Wang W, Pan D, Liu Q, Chen X, Wang S. L-Carnitine in the Treatment of Psychiatric and Neurological Manifestations: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1232. [PMID: 38674921 PMCID: PMC11055039 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE L-carnitine (LC), a vital nutritional supplement, plays a crucial role in myocardial health and exhibits significant cardioprotective effects. LC, being the principal constituent of clinical-grade supplements, finds extensive application in the recovery and treatment of diverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders. However, controversies persist regarding the utilization of LC in nervous system diseases, with varying effects observed across numerous mental and neurological disorders. This article primarily aims to gather and analyze database information to comprehensively summarize the therapeutic potential of LC in patients suffering from nervous system diseases while providing valuable references for further research. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web Of Science, Embase, Ovid Medline, Cochrane Library and Clinicaltrials.gov databases. The literature pertaining to the impact of LC supplementation on neurological or psychiatric disorders in patients was reviewed up until November 2023. No language or temporal restrictions were imposed on the search. RESULTS A total of 1479 articles were retrieved, and after the removal of duplicates through both automated and manual exclusion processes, 962 articles remained. Subsequently, a meticulous re-screening led to the identification of 60 relevant articles. Among these, there were 12 publications focusing on hepatic encephalopathy (HE), while neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and peripheral nervous system diseases (PNSDs) were represented by 9 and 6 articles, respectively. Additionally, stroke was addressed in five publications, whereas Raynaud's syndrome (RS) and cognitive disorder (CD) each had three dedicated studies. Furthermore, migraine, depression, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) each accounted for two publications. Lastly, one article was found for other symptoms under investigation. CONCLUSION In summary, LC has demonstrated favorable therapeutic effects in the management of HE, Alzheimer's disease (AD), carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), CD, migraine, neurofibromatosis (NF), PNSDs, RS, and stroke. However, its efficacy appears to be relatively limited in conditions such as ALS, ataxia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), Down syndrome (DS), and sciatica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.W.); (D.P.); (X.C.)
| | - Da Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.W.); (D.P.); (X.C.)
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, China;
| | - Xiangjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.W.); (D.P.); (X.C.)
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, China;
| | - Shaokang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.W.); (D.P.); (X.C.)
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, China;
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Gedik H, Peterson R, Chatzinakos C, Dozmorov MG, Vladimirov V, Riley BP, Bacanu SA. A novel multi-omics mendelian randomization method for gene set enrichment and its application to psychiatric disorders. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.04.14.24305811. [PMID: 38699366 PMCID: PMC11065030 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.14.24305811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of psychiatric disorders (PD) yield numerous loci with significant signals, but often do not implicate specific genes. Because GWAS risk loci are enriched in expression/protein/methylation quantitative loci (e/p/mQTL, hereafter xQTL), transcriptome/proteome/methylome-wide association studies (T/P/MWAS, hereafter XWAS) that integrate xQTL and GWAS information, can link GWAS signals to effects on specific genes. To further increase detection power, gene signals are aggregated within relevant gene sets (GS) by performing gene set enrichment (GSE) analyses. Often GSE methods test for enrichment of "signal" genes in curated GS while overlooking their linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure, allowing for the possibility of increased false positive rates. Moreover, no GSE tool uses xQTL information to perform mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. To make causal inference on association between PD and GS, we develop a novel MR GSE (MR-GSE) procedure. First, we generate a "synthetic" GWAS for each MSigDB GS by aggregating summary statistics for x-level (mRNA, protein or DNA methylation (DNAm) levels) from the largest xQTL studies available) of genes in a GS. Second, we use synthetic GS GWAS as exposure in a generalized summary-data-based-MR analysis of complex trait outcomes. We applied MR-GSE to GWAS of nine important PD. When applied to the underpowered opioid use disorder GWAS, none of the four analyses yielded any signals, which suggests a good control of false positive rates. For other PD, MR-GSE greatly increased the detection of GO terms signals (2,594) when compared to the commonly used (non-MR) GSE method (286). Some of the findings might be easier to adapt for treatment, e.g., our analyses suggest modest positive effects for supplementation with certain vitamins and/or omega-3 for schizophrenia, bipolar and major depression disorder patients. Similar to other MR methods, when applying MR-GSE researchers should be mindful of the confounding effects of horizontal pleiotropy on statistical inference.
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Zhao Q, Liu J, Chen L, Gao Z, Lin M, Wang Y, Xiao Z, Chen Y, Huang X. Phytomedicine Fructus Aurantii-derived two absorbed compounds unlock antidepressant and prokinetic multi-functions via modulating 5-HT 3/GHSR. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 323:117703. [PMID: 38185260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fructus Aurantii (FA), a well-known phytomedicine, has been employed to evoke antidepressant and prokinetic multi-functions. Therein, systematically identifying bioactive components and the referred mechanism is essential for FA. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was planned to answer "2 W" (What and Why), such as which components and pathways contribute to FA's multi-functions. We aimed to identify bioactive compounds as the key for opening the lock of FA's multi-functions, and the molecule mechanisms are their naturally matched lock cylinder. MATERIALS AND METHODS The phytochemical content of FA extract was determined, and the compounds were identified in rats pretreated with FA using liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The contribution strategy was used to assess bioactive compounds' efficacy (doses = their content in FA) in model rats with the mechanism. The changes in functional brain regions were determined via 7.0 T functional magnetic resonance imaging-blood oxygen level-dependent (fMRI-BOLD). RESULT Eight phytochemicals' content was detected, and merely six components were identified in rats in vivo. Meranzin hydrate + hesperidin (MH), as the primary contributor of FA, exerted antidepressant and prokinetic effects (improvement of indexes for immobility time, gastric emptying, intestinal transit, CRH, ghrelin, ACTH, DA, NA, 5-HT, CORT, and 5-HT3) by regulating 5-HT3/Growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) pathway. These results were validated by 5-HT2A, 5-HT3, and GHSR receptor antagonists combined with molecule docking. MH restored the excessive BOLD activation of the left accumbens nucleus, left corpus callosum and hypothalamus preoptic region. CONCLUSION Absorbed MH accounts for FA's anti-depressant and prokinetic efficacy in acutely-stressed rats, primarily via 5-HT3/GHSR shared regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulong Zhao
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Medical College, Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhao Gao
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Muhai Lin
- Medical College, Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Medical College, Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zhe Xiao
- Medical College, Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Medical College, Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Medical College, Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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Li Y, Yang Y, Guan X, Liu Z, Pan L, Wang Y, Jia X, Yang J, Hou T. SorCS2 is involved in promoting periodontitis-induced depression-like behaviour in mice. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38568959 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence supports the association between periodontitis and depression, although the mechanisms are unclear. This study investigated the role of SorCS2 in the pathogenesis of periodontitis-induced depression. MATERIALS AND METHODS An experimental periodontitis model was established using SorCS2 knockout mice and their wild-type littermates, and depression-like behaviour was evaluated. The expression of proBDNF signalling, neuronal activity, and glutamate-associated signalling pathways were further measured by western blotting and immunofluorescence. In addition, neuroinflammatory status, astrocytic and microglial markers, and the expression of corticosterone-related factors were measured by immunofluorescence, western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS SorCS2 deficiency alleviated periodontitis-induced depression-like behaviour in mice. Further results suggested that SorCS2 deficiency downregulated the expression of pro-BDNF and glutamate signalling and restored neuronal activities in mice with periodontitis. Neuroinflammation in the mouse hippocampus was triggered by experimental periodontitis but was not affected by SorCS2 deficiency. The levels of corticosterone and the expression of glucocorticoid receptors were also not altered. CONCLUSION Our study, for the first time, reveals the critical role of SorCS2 in the pathogenesis of periodontitis-induced depression. The underlying mechanism involves proBDNF and glutamate signalling in the hippocampus, providing a novel therapeutic target for periodontitis-associated depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxue Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyue Guan
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhijun Liu
- Institute of Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lifei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangbin Jia
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical School, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tiezhou Hou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Chang M, Chang KT, Chang F. Just a gut feeling: Faecal microbiota transplant for treatment of depression - A mini-review. J Psychopharmacol 2024; 38:353-361. [PMID: 38532577 DOI: 10.1177/02698811241240308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) allows bidirectional crosstalk between the brain and gut microbiota (GM) and is believed to contribute to regulating mood/cognition/behaviour/metabolism/health and homeostasis. Manipulation of GM through faecal microbiota transplant (FMT) is a new, exciting and promising treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). AIMS This mini-review examines current research into GM and FMT as a therapy for depression. METHODS Original research articles published in Medline/Cochrane Library/PubMed/EMBASE/PsycINFO databases/National Institute of Health website Clinicaltrials.gov/controlled-trials.com were searched. Full articles included in reference lists were evaluated. We summarise current data on GM and depression and discuss communication through the MGBA and the interaction of antidepressants and GM through this. We review compositions of dysbiosis in depressed cohorts, focusing on future directions in the treatment of MDD. RESULTS Studies have demonstrated significant gut dysbiosis in depressed patients compared to healthy cohorts, with overgrowth of pro-inflammatory microbiota, reduction in anti-inflammatory species and reduced overall stability and taxonomic richness. FMT allows the introduction of healthy microbiota into the gastrointestinal tract, facilitating the restoration of eubiosis. CONCLUSION The GM plays an integral role in human health and disease through its communication with the rest of the body via the MGBA. FMT may provide a means to transfer the healthy phenotype into the recipient and this concept in humans is attracting enormous attention as a prospective treatment for psychopathologies, such as MDD, in the future. It may be possible to manipulate the GM in a number of ways, but further research is needed to determine the exact likelihood and profiles involved in the development and amelioration of MDD in humans, as well as the long-term effects and potential risks of this procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Chang
- Epsom and St Helier Hospital University and Hospital Trust, Sutton, Carshalton, UK
| | | | - Fuju Chang
- King's College London, Gastrointestinal Research Group, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Strand, London, UK
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Fitzgerald PJ. Affective disorders and the loudness dependence of the auditory evoked potential: Serotonin and beyond. Neurosci Lett 2024; 827:137734. [PMID: 38499279 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Identifying additional noninvasive biomarkers for affective disorders, such as unipolar major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD), could aid in the diagnosis and treatment of these prevalent and debilitating neuropsychiatric conditions. One such candidate biomarker is the loudness dependence of the auditory evoked potential (LDAEP), an event-related potential that measures responsiveness of the auditory cortex to different intensities of sound. The LDAEP has been associated with MDD and BD, including therapeutic response to particular classes of antidepressant drugs, while also correlating with several other neuropsychiatric disorders. It has been suggested that increased values of the LDAEP indicate low central serotonergic neurotransmission, further implicating this EEG measure in depression. Here, we briefly review the literature on the LDAEP in affective disorders, including its association with serotonergic signaling, as well as with that of other neurotransmitters such as dopamine. We summarize key findings on the LDAEP and the genetics of these neurotransmitters, as well as prediction of response to particular classes of antidepressants in MDD, including SSRIs versus noradrenergic agents. The possible relationship between this EEG measure and suicidality is addressed. We also briefly analyze acute pharmacologic studies of serotonin and/or dopamine precursor depletion and the LDAEP. In conclusion, the existing literature suggests that serotonin and norepinephrine may modulate the LDAEP in an opposing manner, and that this event-related marker may be of use in predicting response to chronic treatment with particular pharmacologic agents in the context of affective disorders, such as MDD and BD, including in the presence of suicidality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Fitzgerald
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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Zadegan SA, Ramirez F, Reddy KS, Sahin O, Rocha NP, Teixeira AL, Furr Stimming E. Treatment of Depression in Huntington's Disease: A Systematic Review. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:appineuropsych20230120. [PMID: 38528808 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20230120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a common psychiatric disorder among individuals with Huntington's disease (HD). Depression in HD and major depressive disorder appear to have different pathophysiological mechanisms. Despite the unique pathophysiology, the treatment of depression in HD is based on data from the treatment of major depressive disorder in the general population. The objective of this systematic review was to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the available evidence. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Studies on the treatment of depression in HD were identified by searching MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycInfo. The initial search yielded 2,771 records, 41 of which were ultimately included. There were 19 case reports, seven case series, three cross-sectional studies, one qualitative study, nine nonrandomized studies, and two randomized trials among the included studies. The most common assessment tools were the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (N=8), the Beck Depression Inventory (N=6), and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (N=6). Only 59% of the included studies assessed depressive symptoms with a scoring system. The pharmacological options for the treatment of depression included antidepressants and antipsychotics. Nonpharmacological approaches were multidisciplinary rehabilitation, psychotherapy, and neurostimulation. Limited evidence on the treatment of depression in HD was available, and this literature consisted mainly of case reports and case series. This systematic review highlights the knowledge gap and the pressing need for HD-specific research to determine the efficacy of treatment approaches for depression in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Abdollah Zadegan
- Department of Neurology (Zadegan, Ramirez, Rocha, Furr Stimming) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Teixeira), McGovern Medical School (Reddy, Sahin), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Huntington's Disease Society of America Center of Excellence at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (Zadegan, Ramirez, Rocha, Teixeira, Furr Stimming)
| | - Frank Ramirez
- Department of Neurology (Zadegan, Ramirez, Rocha, Furr Stimming) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Teixeira), McGovern Medical School (Reddy, Sahin), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Huntington's Disease Society of America Center of Excellence at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (Zadegan, Ramirez, Rocha, Teixeira, Furr Stimming)
| | - Kirthan S Reddy
- Department of Neurology (Zadegan, Ramirez, Rocha, Furr Stimming) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Teixeira), McGovern Medical School (Reddy, Sahin), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Huntington's Disease Society of America Center of Excellence at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (Zadegan, Ramirez, Rocha, Teixeira, Furr Stimming)
| | - Onur Sahin
- Department of Neurology (Zadegan, Ramirez, Rocha, Furr Stimming) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Teixeira), McGovern Medical School (Reddy, Sahin), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Huntington's Disease Society of America Center of Excellence at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (Zadegan, Ramirez, Rocha, Teixeira, Furr Stimming)
| | - Natalia Pessoa Rocha
- Department of Neurology (Zadegan, Ramirez, Rocha, Furr Stimming) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Teixeira), McGovern Medical School (Reddy, Sahin), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Huntington's Disease Society of America Center of Excellence at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (Zadegan, Ramirez, Rocha, Teixeira, Furr Stimming)
| | - Antonio L Teixeira
- Department of Neurology (Zadegan, Ramirez, Rocha, Furr Stimming) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Teixeira), McGovern Medical School (Reddy, Sahin), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Huntington's Disease Society of America Center of Excellence at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (Zadegan, Ramirez, Rocha, Teixeira, Furr Stimming)
| | - Erin Furr Stimming
- Department of Neurology (Zadegan, Ramirez, Rocha, Furr Stimming) and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Teixeira), McGovern Medical School (Reddy, Sahin), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Huntington's Disease Society of America Center of Excellence at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (Zadegan, Ramirez, Rocha, Teixeira, Furr Stimming)
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Liu YJ, Wang Y, Wu JW, Zhou J, Song BL, Jiang Y, Li LF. GABAergic synapses from the ventral lateral septum to the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus modulate anxiety. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1337207. [PMID: 38567287 PMCID: PMC10985145 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1337207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Emotional disorders, such as anxiety and depression, represent a major societal problem; however, the underlying neurological mechanism remains unknown. The ventral lateral septum (LSv) is implicated in regulating processes related to mood and motivation. In this study, we found that LSv GABAergic neurons were significantly activated in mice experiencing chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) after exposure to a social stressor. We then controlled LSv GABAergic neuron activity using a chemogenetic approach. The results showed that although manipulation of LSv GABAergic neurons had little effect on anxiety-like behavioral performances, the activation of LSv GABAergic neurons during CSDS worsened social anxiety during a social interaction (SI) test. Moreover, LSv GABAergic neurons showed strong projections to the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus, which is a central hub for stress reactions. Remarkably, while activation of GABAergic LSv-PVN projections induced social anxiety under basal conditions, activation of this pathway during CSDS alleviated social anxiety during the SI test. On the other hand, the chemogenetic manipulation of LSv GABAergic neurons or LSvGABA-PVN projections had no significant effect on despair-like behavioral performance in the tail suspension test. Overall, LS GABAergic neurons, particularly the LSv GABAergic-PVN circuit, has a regulatory role in pathological anxiety and is thus a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of emotional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lai-Fu Li
- Research Center of Henan Provincial Agricultural Biomass Resource Engineering and Technology, College of Life Science and Agriculture, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
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Busch A, Roy S, Helbing DL, Colic L, Opel N, Besteher B, Walter M, Bauer M, Refisch A. Gut microbiome in atypical depression. J Affect Disord 2024; 349:277-285. [PMID: 38211751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies showed that immunometabolic dysregulation is related to unipolar major depressive disorder (MDD) and that it more consistently maps to MDD patients endorsing an atypical symptom profile, characterized by energy-related symptoms including increased appetite, weight gain, and hypersomnia. Despite the documented influence of the microbiome on immune regulation and energy homeostasis, studies have not yet investigated microbiome differences among clinical groups in individuals with MDD. METHODS Fifteen MDD patients with atypical features according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)-5, forty-four MDD patients not fulfilling the DSM-5 criteria for the atypical subtype, and nineteen healthy controls were included in the study. Participants completed detailed clinical assessment and stool samples were collected. Samples were sequenced for the prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene, in the V3-V4 variable regions. Only samples with no antibiotic exposure in the previous 12 months and a minimum of >2000 quality-filtered reads were included in the analyses. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in alpha- and beta-diversity between the MDD groups and healthy controls. However, within the atypical MDD group, there was an increase in the Verrucomicrobiota phylum, with Akkermansia as the predominant bacterial genus. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional data, modest sample size, and significantly increased body mass index in the atypical MDD group. CONCLUSIONS There were no overall differences among the investigated groups. However, differences were found at several taxonomic levels. Studies in larger longitudinal samples with relevant confounders are needed to advance the understanding of the microbial influences on the clinical heterogeneity of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Busch
- Theoretical Microbial Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
| | - Sagnik Roy
- Theoretical Microbial Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Dario Lucas Helbing
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on adaptive and maladaptive brain Circuits underlying mental health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany; Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Lejla Colic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on adaptive and maladaptive brain Circuits underlying mental health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany; Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nils Opel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on adaptive and maladaptive brain Circuits underlying mental health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Germany
| | - Bianca Besteher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on adaptive and maladaptive brain Circuits underlying mental health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany
| | - Martin Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on adaptive and maladaptive brain Circuits underlying mental health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Germany; Clinical Affective Neuroimaging Laboratory (CANLAB), Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander Refisch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Center for Intervention and Research on adaptive and maladaptive brain Circuits underlying mental health (C-I-R-C), Jena-Magdeburg-Halle, Germany.
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López-Otín C, Kroemer G. The missing hallmark of health: psychosocial adaptation. Cell Stress 2024; 8:21-50. [PMID: 38476764 PMCID: PMC10928495 DOI: 10.15698/cst2024.03.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The eight biological hallmarks of health that we initially postulated (Cell. 2021 Jan 7;184(1):33-63) include features of spatial compartmentalization (integrity of barriers, containment of local perturbations), maintenance of homeostasis over time (recycling & turnover, integration of circuitries, rhythmic oscillations) and an array of adequate responses to stress (homeostatic resilience, hormetic regulation, repair & regeneration). These hallmarks affect all eight somatic strata of the human body (molecules, organelles, cells, supracellular units, organs, organ systems, systemic circuitries and meta-organism). Here we postulate that mental and socioeconomic factors must be added to this 8×8 matrix as an additional hallmark of health ("psychosocial adaptation") and as an additional stratum ("psychosocial interactions"), hence building a 9×9 matrix. Potentially, perturbation of each of the somatic hallmarks and strata affects psychosocial factors and vice versa. Finally, we discuss the (patho)physiological bases of these interactions and their implications for mental health improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos López-Otín
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida y la Naturaleza, Universidad Nebrija, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Ren X, Feng Z, Ma X, Huo L, Zhou H, Bai A, Feng S, Zhou Y, Weng X, Fan C. m6A/m1A/m5C-Associated Methylation Alterations and Immune Profile in MDD. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04042-6. [PMID: 38453794 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent psychiatric condition often accompanied by severe impairments in cognitive and functional capacities. This research was conducted to identify RNA modification-related gene signatures and associated functional pathways in MDD. Differentially expressed RNA modification-related genes in MDD were first identified. And a random forest model was developed and distinct RNA modification patterns were discerned based on signature genes. Then, comprehensive analyses of RNA modification-associated genes in MDD were performed, including functional analyses and immune cell infiltration. The study identified 29 differentially expressed RNA modification-related genes in MDD and two distinct RNA modification patterns. TRMT112, MBD3, NUDT21, and IGF2BP1 of the risk signature were detected. Functional analyses confirmed the involvement of RNA modification in pathways like phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling and nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor signaling in MDD. NUDT21 displayed a strong positive correlation with type 2 T helper cells, while IGF2BP1 negatively correlated with activated CD8 T cells, central memory CD4 T cells, and natural killer T cells. In summary, further research into the roles of NUDT21 and IGF2BP1 would be valuable for understanding MDD prognosis. The identified RNA modification-related gene signatures and pathways provide insights into MDD molecular etiology and potential diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ren
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zhuxiao Feng
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Lijuan Huo
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Huiying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Ayu Bai
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Shujie Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Xuchu Weng
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, 55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Changhe Fan
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510317, China.
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Moreira-Costa L, Tavares-Silva M, Almeida-Coelho J, Gonçalves A, Trindade F, Vasques-Nóvoa F, Sousa-Mendes C, Leite S, Vitorino R, Falcão-Pires I, Leite-Moreira AF, Lourenço AP. Acute and chronic effects of levosimendan in the ZSF1 obese rat model of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 966:176336. [PMID: 38272343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a syndrome characterized by impaired cardiovascular reserve in which therapeutic options are scarce. Our aim was to evaluate the inodilator levosimendan in the ZSF1 obese rat model of HFpEF. Twenty-week-old male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY), ZSF1 lean (ZSF1 Ln) and ZSF1 obese rats chronically treated for 6-weeks with either levosimendan (1 mg/kg/day, ZSF1 Ob + Levo) or vehicle (ZSF1 Ob + Veh) underwent peak-effort testing, pressure-volume (PV) haemodynamic evaluation and echocardiography (n = 7 each). Samples were collected for histology and western blotting. In obese rats, skinned and intact left ventricular (LV) cardiomyocytes underwent in vitro functional evaluation. Seven additional ZSF1 obese rats underwent PV evaluation to assess acute levosimendan effects (10 μg/kg + 0.1 μg/kg/min). ZSF1 Ob + Veh presented all hallmarks of HFpEF, namely effort intolerance, elevated end-diastolic pressures and reduced diastolic compliance as well as increased LV mass and left atrial area, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and increased interstitial fibrosis. Levosimendan decreased systemic arterial pressures, raised cardiac index, and enhanced LV relaxation and diastolic compliance in both acute and chronic experiments. ZSF1 Ob + Levo showed pronounced attenuation of hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis alongside increased effort tolerance (endured workload raised 38 %) and maximum O2 consumption. Skinned cardiomyocytes from ZSF 1 Ob + Levo showed a downward shift in sarcomere length-passive tension relationship and intact cardiomyocytes showed decreased diastolic Ca2+ levels and enhanced Ca2+ sensitivity. On molecular grounds, levosimendan enhanced phosphorylation of phospholamban and mammalian target of rapamycin. The observed effects encourage future clinical trials with levosimendan in a broad population of HFpEF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Moreira-Costa
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Marta Tavares-Silva
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Cardiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Almeida-Coelho
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Gonçalves
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fábio Trindade
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Vasques-Nóvoa
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Sousa-Mendes
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Leite
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Vitorino
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Inês Falcão-Pires
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adelino F Leite-Moreira
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - André P Lourenço
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Anaesthesiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal
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Yapko MD. Addressing global cognition and ineffective depressogenic discrimination strategies with clinical hypnosis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 2024; 66:35-47. [PMID: 37130276 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.2023.2199811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
It is a fundamental truth in living that the quality of your decisions shapes the quality of your life. One's cognitive style determines whether one is more likely to be detailed and linear in thinking or more general and impressionistic, obvious influences on the way experiences are interpreted and reactions formed. Global thinking, also referred to as over-general thinking, has been linked to depression for several reasons. These include the lack of detail in making important discriminations that would reduce or eliminate the kind of self-injurious and depressogenic decisions described in the "stress generation" model of depression. The importance of having meaningful strategies for making effective decisions on a situation-by-situation basis cannot be overstated. Cognitive psychologists and cognitive neuroscientists use the term "discrimination" to describe the process of making distinctions between different situations that give rise to one's reactions. In this article, hypnosis is described as a vehicle for teaching global thinkers to be more skilled in making important discriminations. A sample hypnosis script is provided to illustrate the process.
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Yu X, Chen K, Ma Y, Bai T, Zhu S, Cai D, Zhang X, Wang K, Tian Y, Wang J. Molecular basis underlying changes of brain entropy and functional connectivity in major depressive disorders after electroconvulsive therapy. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14690. [PMID: 38529527 PMCID: PMC10964037 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is widely used for treatment-resistant depression. However, it is unclear whether/how ECT can be targeted to affect brain regions and circuits in the brain to dynamically regulate mood and cognition. METHODS This study used brain entropy (BEN) to measure the irregular levels of brain systems in 46 major depressive disorder (MDD) patients before and after ECT treatment. Functional connectivity (FC) was further adopted to reveal changes of functional couplings. Moreover, transcriptomic and neurotransmitter receptor data were used to reveal genetic and molecular basis of the changes of BEN and functional connectivities. RESULTS Compared to pretreatment, the BEN in the posterior cerebellar lobe (PCL) significantly decreased and FC between the PCL and the right temporal pole (TP) significantly increased in MDD patients after treatment. Moreover, we found that these changes of BEN and FC were closely associated with genes' expression profiles involved in MAPK signaling pathway, GABAergic synapse, and dopaminergic synapse and were significantly correlated with the receptor/transporter density of 5-HT, norepinephrine, glutamate, etc. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that loops in the cerebellum and TP are crucial for ECT regulation of mood and cognition, which provides new evidence for the antidepressant effects of ECT and the potential molecular mechanism leading to cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational MedicineKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical ResearchKunmingChina
| | - Kexuan Chen
- Medical SchoolKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina
| | - Yingzi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational MedicineKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical ResearchKunmingChina
| | - Tongjian Bai
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Shunli Zhu
- School of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina
| | - Defang Cai
- The Second People's Hospital of YuxiThe Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and TechnologyYuxiChina
| | - Xing Zhang
- The Second People's Hospital of YuxiThe Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and TechnologyYuxiChina
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric DisordersHefeiChina
- School of Mental Health and Psychological SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental HealthHefeiChina
- Anhui Province Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseaseHefeiChina
| | - Yanghua Tian
- Department of NeurologyThe First Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric DisordersHefeiChina
- School of Mental Health and Psychological SciencesAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental HealthHefeiChina
- Anhui Province Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseaseHefeiChina
- Institute of Artificial IntelligenceHefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefeiChina
| | - Jiaojian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational MedicineKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical ResearchKunmingChina
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Tsigkaropoulou E, Michopoulos I, Porichi E, Dafnas K, Serretti A, Ferentinos P. Temperament and character dimensions explain self-reported resilience deficits in patients with affective disorders. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2024; 39:59-69. [PMID: 37351577 DOI: 10.1097/yic.0000000000000483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
This is the first study exploring how temperament and character personality dimensions impact self-reported resilience in major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). We included 130 euthymic patients with affective disorders (AFD; 66 MDD and 64 BD) and 134 healthy controls (HC). Connor and Davidson resilience scale and Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-140) were administered. Multiple linear regressions and interaction analyses were performed. Mediation analyses examined if personality dimensions explained group differences in resilience. Resilience was lower in MDD and BD vs. HC and in MDD vs. BD, adjusting for sex, age and education. Higher resilience was predicted by lower harm avoidance (HA) and higher persistence (P) in AFD and MDD, lower HA in BD and higher P and self-directedness (SD) in HC. However, only HA and P had a group-specific effect on resilience in AFD vs. HC. In mediation analyses, specific TCI dimensions at least partially explained differences in resilience: HA, P and SD in AFD or MDD vs. HC; SD in BD vs. HC; P in BD vs. MDD. Concludingly, two temperament traits (HA, P) and a character trait (SD) predict resilience in AFD. Focusing on personality could identify sources of compromised resilience as potential treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evdoxia Tsigkaropoulou
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' University General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Michopoulos
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' University General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Evgenia Porichi
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' University General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Dafnas
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' University General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Panagiotis Ferentinos
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' University General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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You Y, Chen Z, Hu WW. The role of microglia heterogeneity in synaptic plasticity and brain disorders: Will sequencing shed light on the discovery of new therapeutic targets? Pharmacol Ther 2024; 255:108606. [PMID: 38346477 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Microglia play a crucial role in interacting with neuronal synapses and modulating synaptic plasticity. This function is particularly significant during postnatal development, as microglia are responsible for removing excessive synapses to prevent neurodevelopmental deficits. Dysregulation of microglial synaptic function has been well-documented in various pathological conditions, notably Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. The recent application of RNA sequencing has provided a powerful and unbiased means to decipher spatial and temporal microglial heterogeneity. By identifying microglia with varying gene expression profiles, researchers have defined multiple subgroups of microglia associated with specific pathological states, including disease-associated microglia, interferon-responsive microglia, proliferating microglia, and inflamed microglia in multiple sclerosis, among others. However, the functional roles of these distinct subgroups remain inadequately characterized. This review aims to refine our current understanding of the potential roles of heterogeneous microglia in regulating synaptic plasticity and their implications for various brain disorders, drawing from recent sequencing research and functional studies. This knowledge may aid in the identification of pathogenetic biomarkers and potential factors contributing to pathogenesis, shedding new light on the discovery of novel drug targets. The field of sequencing-based data mining is evolving toward a multi-omics approach. With advances in viral tools for precise microglial regulation and the development of brain organoid models, we are poised to elucidate the functional roles of microglial subgroups detected through sequencing analysis, ultimately identifying valuable therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi You
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Wei-Wei Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Pharmacy of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Kouba BR, de Araujo Borba L, Borges de Souza P, Gil-Mohapel J, Rodrigues ALS. Role of Inflammatory Mechanisms in Major Depressive Disorder: From Etiology to Potential Pharmacological Targets. Cells 2024; 13:423. [PMID: 38474387 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The involvement of central and peripheral inflammation in the pathogenesis and prognosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) has been demonstrated. The increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α) in individuals with depression may elicit neuroinflammatory processes and peripheral inflammation, mechanisms that, in turn, can contribute to gut microbiota dysbiosis. Together, neuroinflammation and gut dysbiosis induce alterations in tryptophan metabolism, culminating in decreased serotonin synthesis, impairments in neuroplasticity-related mechanisms, and glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. This review aims to highlight the inflammatory mechanisms (neuroinflammation, peripheral inflammation, and gut dysbiosis) involved in the pathophysiology of MDD and to explore novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic approaches for this psychiatric disturbance. Several lines of evidence have indicated that in addition to antidepressants, physical exercise, probiotics, and nutraceuticals (agmatine, ascorbic acid, and vitamin D) possess anti-inflammatory effects that may contribute to their antidepressant properties. Further studies are necessary to explore the therapeutic benefits of these alternative therapies for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna R Kouba
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Laura de Araujo Borba
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Pedro Borges de Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Joana Gil-Mohapel
- Island Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
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