1
|
Talbot M, Miller L, Hafoka S. Child safety seat checks in Salt Lake County: protective and risk factors. Inj Prev 2024:ip-2023-045218. [PMID: 38789250 DOI: 10.1136/ip-2023-045218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older children are at an increased risk of injury due to less commonly being in an appropriate child safety seat (CSS). Proper installation and consistent use of CSSs can significantly reduce child and infant automobile injuries. While research exists around parent behaviours concerning CSS use (or lack), little research takes place at the county level to identify normative beliefs as they contribute to risk factors. METHODS Through a mixed-methods approach, this evaluation retrospectively determines the Salt Lake County Health Department's impact on CSS usage, as well as identify normative parent behaviours that impact CSS usage. RESULTS Results indicated that parents' level of education and being in the car with family/friends was significantly associated with overall CSS usage. DISCUSSION More research is needed to specify parent normative beliefs around CSS use (or lack).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Talbot
- Health Department, Salt Lake County, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Linsey Miller
- Health Department, Salt Lake County, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Siosaia Hafoka
- Health Department, Salt Lake County, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shimony-Kanat S, Orr D, Falk A. Social and economic factors associated with child unintentional injury mortality in high-income countries. Inj Prev 2024; 30:194-199. [PMID: 38050075 DOI: 10.1136/ip-2023-045016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recognising the connection between country-level social determinants of health, and child unintentional injury mortality can contribute to better resource allocation for child safety. This cross-sectional country-level study aims to investigate such a link where the role of income inequality (Gini Index) is examined alongside education expenditure, current health expenditure and gross national income (GNI) per capita. METHODS A total of 49 high-income countries were studied, using the WHO Global Health Estimates 2016, the World Bank's World Development Indicators for education and GNI per capita, and the standardised world income inequality database to compile estimates of child unintentional injury mortality rates and selected socioeconomic characteristics. RESULTS A wide range of childhood mortality rates from unintentional injury was observed (1.3-10.0 deaths per 100 000 children). Such risk is strongly associated with income inequality (0.50), GNI per capita (-0.35) and education expenditure (-0.01) (mediated by income inequality). No association was found to current health expenditure. The results explain 52% of the variance in child unintentional injury mortality. CONCLUSIONS In countries with higher overall economic activity and lower-income inequality, child mortality from unintentional injuries is lower. Allocation of education expenditure is one contributor to reducing income inequality; other factors need further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarit Shimony-Kanat
- Faculty of Medicine, Henrietta Szold Hadassah-Hebrew University School of Nursing, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daniela Orr
- Beterem Safe Kids Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Amir Falk
- Beterem Safe Kids Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chau K, Perrin P, Chau N. Associations between excessive screen time and school and out-of-school injuries among adolescents: A population-based study. Psychiatry Res 2024; 331:115679. [PMID: 38142602 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Most adolescents spend excessive screen time (with television viewing, computer/console gaming, discussion forums/chatting online, internet surfing, doing homework, and electronic mails) which may impact the occurring of various types of school and out-of-school injuries. We assessed their associations and potential confounding factors among 1559 middle-school students from north-eastern France (mean age=13.5 ± 1.3). Participants completed a questionnaire including socioeconomic features, daily screen time for various screen-based activities (coded 1=<2, 2 = 2-4, 3=≥5 h; daily-total-screen time level (TDST) was defined as their sum, categorized into <7/7-11/≥12), various injury types during the school-year, behavior and health difficulties (BHDs; alcohol/tobacco/cannabis/other illicit drugs use, suffered physical/verbal violence, sexual abuse, poor family-peer support, sleep difficulty, depressive symptoms, suicide attempt, and time at onset). Most subjects had TDST≥7 (82.3 %). There were dose-effect associations of TDST with school-physical/sports training, school-free-time, out-of-school-sports, and single/repeated injuries (sex-age-adjusted odds ratio reaching 4.45). BHDs explained up to 39 % of these associations. The frequency of subjects without various BHDs decreased with age since age 10 more quickly among the participants with both TDST≥7 and injury than among the others. Our findings may inform health care providers, parents, schools, and public policy that reducing elevated screen time is efficient to prevent injuries and BHDs among adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- University of Lorraine, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Medicine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54500, France; INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, Université de Lorraine and CHU de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Philippe Perrin
- University of Lorraine, RU 3450 DevAH - Development, Adaptation and Handicap, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Nancy, Department of Paediatric Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54500, France
| | - Nearkasen Chau
- INSERM, U1018, CESP, Paris Sud University, Paris Descartes University, Paris UMR-S1178, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zaki HA, Hamdi AH, Elgassim M, Albaroudi B, Fadul KY, Abdelrahman A, Basharat K, Al-Marri NDR, Elmegabar B, Elsayed WAE. Unmasking the Underlying Causes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Mortality From Intentional and Unintentional Injuries in the United Arab Emirates. Cureus 2023; 15:e46567. [PMID: 37933336 PMCID: PMC10625665 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has experienced substantial development in infrastructure and transportation in the last few decades. Although available evidence suggests that the incidence of injuries has considerably increased in the previous few years, there is a scarcity of literature that comprehensively analyzed the mortality due to different types of injuries in the UAE. Therefore, the current study was designed to report mortality due to various intentional and unintentional injuries in the UAE. Secondary data was obtained from the World Health Organization (WHO) mortality database. We targeted injuries-specific mortality datasets. We applied a filter (UAE) to retrieve mortality data from unintentional and intentional injuries in the UAE. The latest data in the WHO mortality database was for 2020-21. A total of 10,357 death records from the UAE were present in the WHO mortality database. The percentage of injury-specific deaths out of total deaths was 8.69% (n=900). Injury-specific mortality rate per 100,000 population was 9.09. The percentage of injury-specific deaths was higher for males (87.3%, n=786) and the age group 25-34 years (n=323, 35.9%). Of the 900 injury-specific deaths, 449 (49.9%) were due to unintentional injuries, 216 (24.0%) were due to unintentional injuries, while the remaining (26.1%, n=235) deaths occurred due to Ill-defined injuries. More than half (53.7%, n=241) of unintentional injuries were because of road traffic injuries (RTIs) followed by fall (14.7%, n=66), exposure to mechanical forces (6.5%, n=29), drowning (6.0%, n=27) fire (1.1%, n=5), poisonings (1.1%, n=5), natural disasters (n=1, 0.2%) and other unintentional injuries (16.7%, n=75). More than three-quarters (83.3%, n=180) of intentional injuries were because of self-inflicted injuries while the remaining (16.7%, n=36) intentional injuries-specific deaths occurred due to violence. Many deaths in the UAE occur due to unintentional and intentional injuries. RTIs and falls are the leading causes of unintentional injury-specific deaths, while self-inflicted injuries and violence are the leading causes of intentional injury-specific deaths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hany A Zaki
- Emergency Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT
| | | | | | | | - Khalid Y Fadul
- Emergency Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QAT
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
McCain JE, Bridgmon AE, King WD, Monroe K. Children's injury database: development of an injury surveillance system in a pediatric emergency department. Inj Epidemiol 2023; 10:40. [PMID: 37525256 PMCID: PMC10391750 DOI: 10.1186/s40621-023-00443-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injuries are the leading cause of death in children and are also a leading cause of all emergency department (ED) visits for children. Obtaining epidemiologic data to define the wide range of childhood injuries for individual communities is challenging. The Children's Injury Database (CID) is an injury surveillance system developed to collect data from injury-related visits to our tertiary care pediatric emergency department. RESULTS During 2021, a total of 15,168 injury visits were analyzed representing 22% of total ED visits (68,834). A total of 2053 injury visits (13.5%) resulted in hospital admission. The 10 leading injury types included: falls, poisonings, motor vehicle collision (MVC), assault, dog bite, burns, sports, pedestrian, bicycle, and all-terrain vehicle (ATV). Admission rates varied by age group with children ages 13 years and older having the highest rate of admission (18.4%). The median length of stay (LOS) for all injured children requiring admission was 2 days while the median LOS for preschoolers was 1 day, the median LOS for school-age children was 2 days, and the median LOS for teenagers was 3 days. While MVCs were the most common cause of vehicle-related injuries, ATV-related injuries had the highest rate of admission (51%). CONCLUSIONS In this study, teenagers had significantly higher admission rates, lengths of stay, and hospital charges. Black and Hispanic children were under-represented in the number of visits for injuries compared to all ED visits. Further research should focus on disparities in injury-related visits based on race as well as gender. CID has demonstrated that injury surveillance systems can assist with reporting new injury patterns while also acting as a stimulus for new research ideas, planning interventions targeting the most at-risk populations, and evaluating the effectiveness of injury prevention interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E. McCain
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Ashley E. Bridgmon
- Health Education and Safety Center, Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - William D. King
- Health Education and Safety Center, Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Kathy Monroe
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
ABSTRACT Trauma remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children and youth 1 to 19 years old in the United States. Providing timely care with a systematic approach is essential for emergently addressing life-threatening injuries and ongoing assessment. The primary survey is focused on identifying and managing life-threatening injuries. The secondary survey is focused on identifying and managing other important injuries. Over the past decade, there have been important advances in the evidence supporting the management of multisystem trauma in the pediatric patient by the emergency medicine clinician. In addition, the emergence of diagnostics, such as point-of-care ultrasound, aids decision making in the evaluation and management of the pediatric trauma patient. The purpose of this article is to review the initial systematic diagnostic approach and the emergent management of multisystem injuries from blunt force trauma in children in the emergency department and provide insight into the aspects of care that are still evolving.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Hannon
- From the Instructor, Division of Emergency Medicine and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Leah K Middelberg
- Fellow, Division of Emergency Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Lois K Lee
- Associate Professor, Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Crilly J, Bartlett D, Sladdin I, Pellatt R, Young JT, Ham W, Porter L. Patient profile and outcomes of traumatic injury: The impact of mode of arrival to the emergency department. Collegian 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colegn.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
8
|
Yeon GM, Hong YR, Kong SG. Nonfatal injuries in Korean children and adolescents, 2007-2018. Clin Exp Pediatr 2022; 65:194-200. [PMID: 34530522 PMCID: PMC8990947 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2021.00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injury is the leading cause of death or disability in children and adolescents. Rates of deaths from injuries have recently declined, but studies of the occurrence of nonfatal injuries are lacking. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate nonfatal injuries in children and adolescents younger than 20 years based on data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2007-2018. METHODS A questionnaire survey was conducted to determine whether children and adolescents had experienced an injury requiring a hospital visit in the previous year. We investigated each injury's risk factors and characteristics. RESULTS Of a total of 21,598 children and adolescents, 1,748 (weighted percentage, 8.1%) experienced one or more injuries in the previous year. There was no yearly difference in the proportion of injuries experienced. Among the male subjects, 10.0% had an injury experience; among the female participants, 6.1% had an injury experience (P<0.001). The highest rate was 9.0% in children aged 1-4 years. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, male sex; having an urban residence; having restricted activity due to visual, hearing, or developmental impairment; and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder were significant risk factors for injury experience. The characteristics of up to 3 injuries per patient were investigated, and 1,951 injuries were analyzed. Falls and slips accounted for 34.9%, collisions for 34.1%, and motor vehicle accidents for 11.3% of the total injuries. Ninety-six percent of injuries were unintentional, 20% caused school absences, and 10% required hospitalization. CONCLUSION Among Korean children and adolescents, 8.1% experienced injuries at least once a year with no significant differences in incidence over the past 12 years. Greater attention and effort to prevent injuries are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gyu Min Yeon
- Department of Pediatrics, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Yoo Rha Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Seom Gim Kong
- Department of Pediatrics, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lee LK, Porter JJ, Mannix R, Rees CA, Schutzman SA, Fleegler EW, Farrell CA. Pediatric Traumatic Injury Emergency Department Visits and Management in US Children's Hospitals From 2010 to 2019. Ann Emerg Med 2021; 79:279-287. [PMID: 34839942 DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To examine trends in trauma-related pediatric emergency department (ED) visits and management in US children's hospitals over 10 years. METHODS This is a retrospective, descriptive study of the Pediatric Health Information Systems database, including encounters from 33 US children's hospitals. We included patients aged 0 to 19 years with traumatic injuries from 2010 to 2019 identified using International Classification of Diseases-9 and -10 codes. The primary outcome was prevalence of trauma-related ED visits. The secondary outcomes included ED disposition, advanced imaging use, and trauma care costs. We examined trends over time with Poisson regression models, reporting incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We compared demographic groups with rate differences with 95% CIs. RESULTS Trauma-related visits accounted for 367,072 ED visits (16.3%) in 2010 and 479,458 ED visits (18.1%) in 2019 (IRR 1.022, 95% CI 1.018 to 1.026). From 2010 to 2019, 54.6% of children with traumatic injuries belonged to White race and 23.9% had Hispanic ethnicity. Institutional hospitalization rates (range 3.8% to 14.9%) decreased over time (IRR 0.986, 95% CI 0.977 to 0.994). Hospitalizations from 2010 to 2019 were higher in White children (8.9%) than in children of other races (6.4%) (rate difference 2.56, 95% CI 2.51 to 2.61). Magnetic resonance imaging for brain (IRR 1.05, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.07) and cervical spine (IRR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.05) evaluation increased. The total trauma care costs were $6.7 billion, with median costs decreasing over time. CONCLUSION During the study period, pediatric ED visits for traumatic injuries increased, whereas hospitalizations decreased. Some advanced imaging use increased; however, median trauma costs decreased over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lois K Lee
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
| | - John J Porter
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Rebekah Mannix
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Chris A Rees
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA
| | - Sara A Schutzman
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Eric W Fleegler
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Caitlin A Farrell
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
The changes of suicidal ideation status among young people in Hong Kong during COVID-19: A longitudinal survey. J Affect Disord 2021; 294:151-158. [PMID: 34298219 PMCID: PMC9757145 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pandemics affect the physical and mental well-being of all potentially at-risk young people globally. This longitudinal study examines changes of suicidal ideation status among adolescents during COVID-19. METHOD A follow-up after nine-months of a school-based survey among 1,491 secondary school students was conducted during COVID-19. Psychological well-being, psychological factors, family support, and COVID-19-related experiences were examined. RESULTS The prevalence of suicidal ideation were 24% and 21% among the participants before and during COVID-19, respectively. In particular, 897 (65.0%) remained non-suicidal, 193 (14.0%) recovered from being suicidal, 148 (10.7%) newly reported being suicidal, and 143 (10.4%) remained suicidal. Respondents who remained suicidal were found to have significantly higher depression, anxiety, stress, loneliness, and social anxiety, fixed mind-set, lower meaning of life and self-control; and lower parental support and supervision than the other three groups. Participants with suicidal ideation reported more negative perceptions about COVID-19 than non-suicidal participants. Multinomial logistic regression showed that anxiety, trait anxiety and life satisfactory in baseline were associated with suicidal ideation at follow-up. LIMITATION This study was limited by the small number of protective variables being included in the baseline survey to examine the potential reasons for the recovery of suicidal ideation at follow-up. CONCLUSION Poor psychological well-being, lower level of family support, and negative impacts of the pandemic were consistently associated with students' presence of suicidal ideation during the pandemic. Further intervention studies are needed to examine effects of mental health consequences of COVID-19 on youth mental health and to promote positive youth well-being.
Collapse
|
11
|
Gesser-Edelsburg A, Alamour Y, Cohen R, Abed Elhadi Shahbari N, Hijazi R, Orr D, Vered-Chen L, Singhal A. Creating safe spaces to prevent unintentional childhood injuries among the Bedouins in southern Israel: A hybrid model comprising positive deviance, community-based participatory research, and entertainment-education. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257696. [PMID: 34551005 PMCID: PMC8457499 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite several intervention programs, the Bedouin population living in the Southern District of Israel has the highest mortality rate among children and adolescents from unintentional injuries. Our research questions asked: (1) How does increasing the involvement and participation of Bedouin community members influence the issue of unintentional injuries among children? (2) How does reframing of the technical issue of safety into security influence community involvement and cooperation? OBJECTIVES 1) To identify effective and efficacious positive deviance practices through community-based participatory research with adults, children, and professionals in the Bedouin community. 2) To create wider and deeper connections and cohesion between and among diverse Bedouin communities by seeding and sparking opportunities for social networking and cross-learning. METHODS The study used a qualitative multi-method approach to generate a hybrid intervention model for reducing unintentional childhood injuries among the Bedouins. To frame the issue of unintentional injuries from the lived perspective of the Bedouins, we employed the Positive Deviance (PD) and Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approach. Drawing upon theatrical traditions, entertainment-education (EE), was employed as a way to narratively engage and persuade the Bedouins. RESULTS Our research resulted in: (1) the emergence of several PD ideas and practices for preventing and avoiding children's injuries; (2) the actual creation of a safe and secure playroom for children at a neighborhood mosque; and (3) the creation of cascading and cross-learning social networks between and among members of the Bedouin community spread across various locations. CONCLUSION This study helped in reframing the technical issue of accidents and safety into the notion of sacredness and security, enhanced the association between emotions and cognition by means of experiential and EE methods, and stimulated creative thinking and the emergence of new culturally and contextually relevant ideas and practices through the PD process. It demonstrated the synergistic power of using a hybrid model that combined the rigor and vigor of different health communication approaches to address a significant disparity in the burden of child accidents faced by the Bedouins. Our study generated solutions that emerged from, and directly benefitted, Bedouin children-those, who face overwhelming risk of injury and death from preventable accidents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anat Gesser-Edelsburg
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- The Health and Risk Communication Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yousif Alamour
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- The Health and Risk Communication Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ricky Cohen
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- The Health and Risk Communication Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nour Abed Elhadi Shahbari
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- The Health and Risk Communication Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Rana Hijazi
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- The Health and Risk Communication Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Daniela Orr
- Beterem Safe Kids Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | | | - Arvind Singhal
- Department of Communication, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
- School of Business and Social Sciences, Inland University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhu S, Lee PH, Wong PWC. Investigating prolonged social withdrawal behaviour as a risk factor for self-harm and suicidal behaviours. BJPsych Open 2021; 7:e90. [PMID: 33926603 PMCID: PMC8142544 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2021.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-harm and suicidal behaviour are recognised as public health concerns. Prolonged social withdrawal behaviour, or hikikomori, is reported as a risk factor for suicidal behaviour. AIMS To examine the occurrence and additional risk of prolonged social withdrawal behaviour on self-harm and suicidal behaviour among Chinese university students. METHOD A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with three universities in southern China. A two-stage random sampling was adopted for recruitment, with students in different years of study, in different departments of each participating university. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the sociodemographic and psychological correlates of self-harm and suicidal behaviours among male and female participants with hikikomori status. RESULTS Of the students who completed the online survey, 1735 (72.23%) were included in the analysis; 11.5% (n = 200) reported self-harm behaviour and 11.8% (n = 204) reported suicidal behaviours in the past 12 months. Men showed a higher prevalence rate of self-harm than women (14.7% v. 10.8%, P = 0.048), but a similar rate of suicidal behaviours (11.9% v. 11.3%, P = 0.78). The overall prevalence rate of social withdrawal behaviour was 3.2% (7.0% for men and 2.3% for women, P < 0.001). Prolonged social withdrawal behaviour status was significantly associated with self-harm (odds ratio 2.00, 95% CI 1.22-3.29) and suicidal behaviour (odds ratio 2.35, 95% CI 1.45-3.81). However, the associations became statistically insignificant after adjustment for psychological factors in the final models in the logistic regression analyses. CONCLUSIONS Prolonged social withdrawal behaviour appears to be associated with self-harm and suicidal behaviour, but psychological factors have stronger links with suicidality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Zhu
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Paul H Lee
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, UK
| | - Paul W C Wong
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dianati M, Sabery M, Akbari H. Predictive factors of home-related injuries among patients admitted to the emergency departments. INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/iahs.iahs_96_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
14
|
National Surveillance of Injury in Children and Adolescents in the Republic of Korea: 2011-2017. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17239132. [PMID: 33297537 PMCID: PMC7731276 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17239132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Understanding age-specific injury patterns allows the continued improvement of prevention strategies. This is a retrospective study analyzing the Korea Emergency Department-Based Injury In-depth Surveillance data, including those aged ≤19 years old between January 2011 and December 2017. In this study, we focused on changes in the modes of injury and severity, and prevention potential by dividing the patients into four age groups: group 1 (0-4 years), group 2 (5-9 years), group 3 (10-14 years), and group 4 (15-19 years). The most common mode of injury in younger age groups 1 and 2 was a fall or slip. Most injuries in older age groups 3 and 4 were unintentional and intentional collisions combined. Traumatic brain injuries (2.1%), intensive care unit admissions (1.8%), and overall death (0.4%) were the highest in group 4. The proportions of severe and critical injury (EMR-ISS ≥ 25) were 7.5% in group 4, 3.2% in group 3, 2.5% in group 1, and 1% in group 2. This study presents a comprehensive trend of injuries in the pediatric population in South Korea. Our results suggest the importance of designing specific injury-prevention strategies for targeted groups, circumstances, and situations.
Collapse
|
15
|
Heidarikia S, Araban M, Babaei Heydarabadi A, Latifi M. Investigating the Effect of Education Based on the Health Belief Model on Safe Behavior Preventing Children's Injuries in Mothers with under 5-Years Children. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.29252/jech.7.4.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
|
16
|
Adolescent Firearm Homicides in Chicago, 2013-2017. J Adolesc Health 2020; 67:438-443. [PMID: 32295721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to describe how firearm homicides among adolescents change over a five-year period. METHODS This serial cross-sectional analysis uses surveillance data collected by the Illinois Violent Death Reporting System. Decedent selection criteria included the following: manner of death was homicide, weapon type was firearm, age was 15-19 years, and location of fatal injury was Chicago. Data collected between 2013 and 2017 were used. Multiyear rates per 100,000 and rate ratios were calculated by sex and race/ethnicity. Joinpoint regression analysis and chi-squared tests of linear-by-linear association were used to identify trends over time (by year, month, and weekday). Geographic Information System mapping was used to visualize data. RESULTS There were 509 victims of firearm homicide aged 15-19 years in Chicago between 2013 and 2017. Overall rates were significantly higher in 2016 than in all other years. Victims were disproportionately black males, comprising 75.6% of total adolescent homicides and increasing by 87.8% across the five years. The rate ratio for black males versus all other adolescents peaked in 2015 at 19.4 (95% confidence interval, 10.9-34.6). For black males, the percentage of fatal injuries occurring on Saturdays and Sundays decreased significantly (p = .048). Among all victims, firearm deaths became less dispersed throughout Chicago, and "hot spots" shifted from the South Side to the West Side. CONCLUSIONS Adolescent firearm homicides are increasing over time, however, in Chicago, a more accurate narrative would portray their consolidation with regard to spatial and racial/ethnic variances across the city. Such analyses define Chicago's firearm homicide epidemic and can shape targeted and effective interventions.
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Firearms are a leading cause of death and injury in children, especially in the United States. Many of these injuries present to emergency departments and pediatric ICUs, prompting a need for updated prevention, interventions, and trauma-informed care. This review explores the evidence for prevention and screening for access to firearms, types of injuries, and considerations for mass casualty events. RECENT FINDINGS Firearm-related injuries lead to over 20 000 emergency department visits annually in children and carry a higher risk of severe injury or death. Screening high-risk patients for access to firearms is suboptimal, despite evidence showing reduction in suicide deaths and increased safe storage. While mass casualty shootings represent a low proportion of all firearm-related morbidity, they have brought heightened attention to focus on quality research. SUMMARY Firearm-related injury is a public health crisis and presents a unique risk to children and adolescents. A firearm in the home, especially one with children, significantly increases the risk of death by homicide or suicide. Research on gun violence is leading to important national conversations on gun control and the role of physicians in the prevention of injury and advocacy for effective interventions and legislation.
Collapse
|
18
|
All is not well. Indian Pediatr 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13312-020-1801-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|