1
|
Dhillon SK, Gressens P, Barks J, Gunn AJ. Uncovering the Role of Inflammation with Asphyxia in the Newborn. Clin Perinatol 2024; 51:551-564. [PMID: 39095095 DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The etiology of perinatal brain injury is multifactorial, but exposure to perinatal hypoxiaischemia (HI) is a major underlying factor. This review discusses the role of exposure to infection/inflammation in the evolution of HI brain injury, changes in immune responsiveness to subsequent inflammatory challenges after HI and modulation of neural outcomes with interaction between perinatal HI and inflammatory insults. The authors critically assess the clinical and preclinical evidence for the neuroprotective efficacy of therapeutic hypothermia and other anti-inflammatory treatments for inflammation-sensitized HI injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simerdeep K Dhillon
- Department of Physiology, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Pierre Gressens
- Université Paris Cité, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - John Barks
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, The University of Michigan, 2018 MLB, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Alistair J Gunn
- Department of Physiology, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nuszkiewicz J, Kukulska-Pawluczuk B, Piec K, Jarek DJ, Motolko K, Szewczyk-Golec K, Woźniak A. Intersecting Pathways: The Role of Metabolic Dysregulation, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, and Inflammation in Acute Ischemic Stroke Pathogenesis and Outcomes. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4258. [PMID: 39064298 PMCID: PMC11278353 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13144258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains a major cause of mortality and long-term disability worldwide, driven by complex and multifaceted etiological factors. Metabolic dysregulation, gastrointestinal microbiome alterations, and systemic inflammation are emerging as significant contributors to AIS pathogenesis. This review addresses the critical need to understand how these factors interact to influence AIS risk and outcomes. We aim to elucidate the roles of dysregulated adipokines in obesity, the impact of gut microbiota disruptions, and the neuroinflammatory cascade initiated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in AIS. Dysregulated adipokines in obesity exacerbate inflammatory responses, increasing AIS risk and severity. Disruptions in the gut microbiota and subsequent LPS-induced neuroinflammation further link systemic inflammation to AIS. Advances in neuroimaging and biomarker development have improved diagnostic precision. Here, we highlight the need for a multifaceted approach to AIS management, integrating metabolic, microbiota, and inflammatory insights. Potential therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways could significantly improve AIS prevention and treatment. Future research should focus on further elucidating these pathways and developing targeted interventions to mitigate the impacts of metabolic dysregulation, microbiome imbalances, and inflammation on AIS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Nuszkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Beata Kukulska-Pawluczuk
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 9 M. Skłodowskiej—Curie St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (B.K.-P.); (K.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Piec
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 9 M. Skłodowskiej—Curie St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (B.K.-P.); (K.P.)
| | - Dorian Julian Jarek
- Student Research Club of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Karina Motolko
- Student Research Club of Neurology, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 9 M. Skłodowskiej—Curie St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Karolina Szewczyk-Golec
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Alina Woźniak
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang FX, Shi ZA, Mu G. Regulation of immune cells by miR-451 and its potential as a biomarker in immune-related disorders: a mini review. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1421473. [PMID: 39076992 PMCID: PMC11284029 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1421473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2005, Altuvia and colleagues were the first to identify the gene that encodes miR-451 in the human pituitary gland, located in chromosome region 17q11.2. Subsequent studies have confirmed that miR-451 regulates various immune cells, including T cells, B cells, microglia, macrophages, and neutrophils, thereby influencing disease progression. The range of immune-related diseases affected encompasses various cancers, lymphoblastic leukemia, and injuries to the lungs and spinal cord, among others. Moreover, miR-451 is produced by immune cells and can regulate both their own functions and those of other immune cells, thus creating a regulatory feedback loop. This article aims to comprehensively review the interactions between miR-451 and immune cells, clarify the regulatory roles of miR-451 within the immune system, and assess its potential as both a therapeutic target and a biomarker for immune-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei-xiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zu-an Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Guo Mu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zigong Fourth People’s Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yuan L, Huang Y, Cheng Y. Correlation between the Degree of Inflammation and Stress Indicators and Concurrent Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Severe Craniocerebral Injury. ACTAS ESPANOLAS DE PSIQUIATRIA 2024; 52:317-324. [PMID: 38863039 PMCID: PMC11194158 DOI: 10.62641/aep.v52i3.1657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Craniocerebral injuries can cause inflammation and oxidative stress, and can have permanent effects on cognitive function. Moreover, over time, excessive expression of inflammatory factors and high levels of oxidative stress will be detrimental to recovery from craniocerebral injury and may exacerbate neurological damage, further damaging neurons and other cellular structures. In this study, we investigated changes in inflammation and stress indicators in patients with severe craniocerebral injuries, and analyzed associations with concurrent cognitive impairment. METHODS 82 patients with severe craniocerebral injuries admitted to Longyou County People's Hospital during January 2022-June 2023 were selected for retrospective study. Levels of inflammatory factors and the degree of oxidative stress were recorded and compared between the acute and chronic phases. Inflammatory measures included interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP), and oxidative stress indicators included human cortisol (Cor), norepinephrine (NE), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The patients' cognitive function was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the incidence of cognitive impairment was assessed. Spearman's correlation was used to analyze associations between inflammatory and oxidative stress measures and MMSE scores; logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors affecting the patients' concurrent cognitive impairment; and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to test the predictive value of inflammatory and oxidative stress measures on the patients' concurrent cognitive impairment in the acute phase and the chronic phase. RESULTS Patients had higher levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, CRP, Cor, and NE, and lower levels of SOD, in the acute phase compared to the chronic phase (p < 0.05). MMSE scores were higher in the acute phase than in the chronic phase (p < 0.05). A total of 50 cases were complicated by cognitive impairment, and the incidence of cognitive impairment was 60.98%. The levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, CRP, Cor, and NE in the chronic phase were positively correlated with the concurrent cognitive impairment, and the level of SOD was negatively correlated with the concurrent cognitive impairment (p < 0.05). Single-factor analysis showed that age and levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, CRP, Cor, and NE were higher in the cognitively impaired group than in the cognitively normal group, SOD levels were lower than in the cognitively normal group, and percentages of below-secondary school and frontal lobe damage were higher than those in the cognitively normal group (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that below-secondary school, frontal lobe injury, higher levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and CRP in the chronic phase, and lower levels of SOD in the chronic phase were all relevant factors affecting the patients' concurrent cognitive impairment. As shown by the ROC curve, the area under the curve (AUC) for the combination of indicators was 0.949, sensitivity was 0.980, and specificity was 0.844. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of cognitive impairment is higher in patients with severe craniocerebral injury, and the levels of inflammation and oxidative stress, which are not conducive to recovery, are higher in patients in the acute stage. The risk of concurrent cognitive impairment is higher in patients with a lower level of literacy, frontal lobe injury, and high levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress in the chronic stage; these indicators, therefore, have a significant predictive effect on the prognosis of the patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingmin Yuan
- Intensive Care Unit, Longyou County People’s Hospital, 324400 Quzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Intensive Care Unit, Longyou County People’s Hospital, 324400 Quzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yandong Cheng
- Intensive Care Unit, Longyou County People’s Hospital, 324400 Quzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
时 莉, 冯 晋, 韦 艳, 路 欣, 张 雨, 杨 林, 何 胜, 陈 佩, 韩 静, 陈 诚, 涂 惠, 余 章, 黄 进, 曾 淑, 陈 晚, 刘 颖, 郭 燕, 毛 姣, 李 晓, 张 谦, 谢 治, 黄 梅, 晏 昆, 应 尔, 陈 俊, 王 艳, 刘 亚, 宋 波, 刘 华, 肖 晓, 唐 红, 王 宇, 蔡 茵, 龙 琦, 许 汉, 王 会, 孙 倩, 韩 芳, 张 瑞, 杨 传, 窦 蕾, 时 会, 王 瑞, 蒋 萍. [A multicenter study of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen, China]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2024; 26:450-455. [PMID: 38802903 PMCID: PMC11135054 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2311094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the incidence rate, clinical characteristics, and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen, China. METHODS Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital, the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022. The incidence, clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed. RESULTS The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137, 1/6 060, and 1/7 704, respectively. Ischemic stroke accounted for 75% (27/36); boys accounted for 64% (23/36). Among the 36 neonates, 31 (86%) had disease onset within 3 days after birth, and 19 (53%) had convulsion as the initial presentation. Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates (61%) had left cerebral infarction and 13 (36%) had basal ganglia infarction. Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates, among whom 9 (75%) had involvement of the middle cerebral artery. Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates, with sharp waves in 21 neonates (72%) and seizures in 10 neonates (34%). Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals. Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates (33%, 12/36), with a mean score of (32±4) points. The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age, with 44% (12/27) of the neonates having a good prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke, often with convulsions as the initial presentation, involvement of the middle cerebral artery, sharp waves on electroencephalography, and a relatively low neurodevelopment score. Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method, and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - 惠英 涂
- 深圳市人民;医院/暨南大学第二临床医学院/南方科技大学第一附属医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518020
| | - 章斌 余
- 深圳市人民;医院/暨南大学第二临床医学院/南方科技大学第一附属医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518020
| | - 进洁 黄
- 深圳市人民;医院/暨南大学第二临床医学院/南方科技大学第一附属医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518020
| | - 淑娟 曾
- 深圳市龙岗中心;医院/广州中医药大学深圳临床医学院新生儿科,广东深圳 518116
| | - 晚铃 陈
- 深圳市龙岗中心;医院/广州中医药大学深圳临床医学院新生儿科,广东深圳 518116
| | | | | | - 姣玉 毛
- 华中科技大学协和深圳医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518052
| | - 晓东 李
- 华中科技大学协和深圳医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518052
| | | | | | - 梅英 黄
- 深圳市龙岗区人民医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518172
| | - 昆山 晏
- 深圳市龙岗区人民医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518172
| | - 尔雅 应
- 深圳市南山区妇幼保健院新生儿科,广东深圳 518067
| | - 俊 陈
- 深圳市南山区妇幼保健院新生儿科,广东深圳 518067
| | - 艳荣 王
- 深圳市第三人民医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518112
| | - 亚萍 刘
- 深圳市第三人民医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518112
| | - 波 宋
- 深圳市龙华区中心医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518110
| | - 华艳 刘
- 深圳市龙华区中心医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518110
| | - 晓冬 肖
- 深圳市盐田区人民医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518081
| | - 红 唐
- 深圳市盐田区人民医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518081
| | | | - 茵莎 蔡
- 深圳市第二人民医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518025
| | - 琦 龙
- 深圳市第二人民医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518025
| | | | | | | | - 芳 韩
- 惠州市第三人民医院新生儿科,广东惠州 516100
| | - 瑞彪 张
- 惠州市第三人民医院新生儿科,广东惠州 516100
| | | | | | | | - 瑞 王
- 深圳市罗湖区人民医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518005
| | - 萍 蒋
- 深圳市罗湖区人民医院新生儿科,广东深圳 518005
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hedley KE, Cuskelly A, Callister RJ, Horvat JC, Hodgson DM, Tadros MA. The medulla oblongata shows a sex-specific inflammatory response to systemic neonatal lipopolysaccharide. J Neuroimmunol 2024; 389:578316. [PMID: 38394966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Early life inflammation has been linked to long-term modulation of behavioural outcomes due to the central nervous system, but it is now becoming apparent it is also linked to dysfunction of visceral physiology. The medulla oblongata contains a number of nuclei critical for homeostasis, therefore we utilised the well-established model of neonatal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure to examine the immediate and long-term impacts of systemic inflammation on the medulla oblongata. Wistar rats were injected with LPS or saline on postnatal days 3 and 5, with tissues collected on postnatal days 7 or 90 in order to assess expression of inflammatory mediators and microglial morphology in autonomic regions of the medulla oblongata. We observed a distinct sex-specific response of all measured inflammatory mediators at both ages, as well as significant neonatal sex differences in inflammatory mediators within saline groups. At both ages, microglial morphology had significant changes in branch length and soma size in a sex-specific manner in response to LPS exposure. This data not only highlights the strong sex-specific response of neonates to LPS administration, but also the significant life-long impact on the medulla oblongata and the potential altered control of visceral organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kateleen E Hedley
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Annalisa Cuskelly
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia; School of Psychological Sciences, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; School of Education, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert J Callister
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Jay C Horvat
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Deborah M Hodgson
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia; School of Psychological Sciences, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Melissa A Tadros
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bolini L, Campos RMP, Spiess DA, Lima-Rosa FL, Dantas DP, Conde L, Mendez-Otero R, Vale AM, Pimentel-Coelho PM. Long-term recruitment of peripheral immune cells to brain scars after a neonatal insult. Glia 2024; 72:546-567. [PMID: 37987116 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Although brain scars in adults have been extensively studied, there is less data available regarding scar formation during the neonatal period, and the involvement of peripheral immune cells in this process remains unexplored in neonates. Using a murine model of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and confocal microscopy, we characterized the scarring process and examined the recruitment of peripheral immune cells to cortical and hippocampal scars for up to 1 year post-insult. Regional differences in scar formation were observed, including the presence of reticular fibrotic networks in the cortex and perivascular fibrosis in the hippocampus. We identified chemokines with chronically elevated levels in both regions and demonstrated, through a parabiosis-based strategy, the recruitment of lymphocytes, neutrophils, and monocyte-derived macrophages to the scars several weeks after the neonatal insult. After 1 year, however, neutrophils and lymphocytes were absent from the scars. Our data indicate that peripheral immune cells are transient components of HIE-induced brain scars, opening up new possibilities for late therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Bolini
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Daiane Aparecida Spiess
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Frederico Luis Lima-Rosa
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Danillo Pereira Dantas
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciana Conde
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosalia Mendez-Otero
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andre M Vale
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Julien P, Zinni M, Bonnel N, El Kamouh M, Odorcyk F, Peters L, Gautier EF, Leduc M, Broussard C, Baud O. Synergistic effect of sildenafil combined with controlled hypothermia to alleviate microglial activation after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in rats. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:31. [PMID: 38263116 PMCID: PMC10804557 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03022-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The only validated treatment to prevent brain damage associated with hypoxia-ischemia (HI) encephalopathy of the newborn is controlled hypothermia with limited benefits. Additional putative neuroprotective drug candidates include sildenafil citrate, a phosphodiesterase-type 5 inhibitor. The main objective of this preclinical study is to assess its ability to reduce HI-induced neuroinflammation, in particular through its potential effect on microglial activation. METHODS HI was induced in P10 Sprague-Dawley rats by unilateral carotid permanent artery occlusion and hypoxia (HI) and treated by either hypothermia (HT) alone, Sildenafil (Sild) alone or combined treatment (SildHT). Lesion size and glial activation were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR, and proteomic analyses performed at P13. RESULTS None of the treatments was associated with a significant early reduction in lesion size 72h after HI, despite significant changes in tissue loss distribution. Significant reductions in both Iba1 + (within the ipsilateral hemisphere) and GFAP + cells (within the ipsilateral hippocampus) were observed in SildHT group, but not in the other treatment groups. In microglia-sorted cells, pro-inflammatory markers, i.e. Il1b, Il6, Nos2, and CD86 were significantly downregulated in SildHT treatment group only. These changes were restricted to the ipsilateral hemisphere, were not evidenced in sorted astrocytes, and were not sex dependent. Proteomic analyses in sorted microglia refined the pro-inflammatory effect of HI and confirmed a biologically relevant impact of SildHT on specific molecular pathways including genes related to neutrophilic functions. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that Sildenafil combined with controlled hypothermia produces maximum effect in mitigating microglial activation induced by HI through complex proteomic regulation. The reduction of neuroinflammation induced by Sildenafil may represent an interesting therapeutic strategy for neonatal neuroprotection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pansiot Julien
- Inserm UMR1141 NeuroDiderot, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Manuela Zinni
- Inserm UMR1141 NeuroDiderot, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Natacha Bonnel
- Inserm UMR1141 NeuroDiderot, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marina El Kamouh
- Inserm UMR1141 NeuroDiderot, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Felipe Odorcyk
- Inserm UMR1141 NeuroDiderot, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Lea Peters
- Inserm UMR1141 NeuroDiderot, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Emilie-Fleur Gautier
- Institut Cochin, Proteom'IC Facility, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marjorie Leduc
- Institut Cochin, Proteom'IC Facility, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Cédric Broussard
- Institut Cochin, Proteom'IC Facility, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Baud
- Inserm UMR1141 NeuroDiderot, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- Laboratory of Child Growth and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Département de Pédiatrie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Laboratoire de Développement et Croissance, Children's University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Smith MJ, Penny T, Pham Y, Sutherland AE, Jenkin G, Fahey MC, Paton MCB, Finch-Edmondson M, Miller SL, McDonald CA. Neuroprotective Action of Tacrolimus before and after Onset of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischaemic Brain Injury in Rats. Cells 2023; 12:2659. [PMID: 37998394 PMCID: PMC10669941 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Neonatal brain injury can lead to permanent neurodevelopmental impairments. Notably, suppressing inflammatory pathways may reduce damage. To determine the role of neuroinflammation in the progression of neonatal brain injury, we investigated the effect of treating neonatal rat pups with the immunosuppressant tacrolimus at two time points: before and after hypoxic-ischaemic (HI)-induced injury. (2) Methods: To induce HI injury, postnatal day (PND) 10 rat pups underwent single carotid artery ligation followed by hypoxia (8% oxygen, 90 min). Pups received daily tacrolimus (or a vehicle) starting either 3 days before HI on PND 7 (pre-HI), or 12 h after HI (post-HI). Four doses were tested: 0.025, 0.05, 0.1 or 0.25 mg/kg/day. Pups were euthanised at PND 17 or PND 50. (3) Results: All tacrolimus doses administered pre-HI significantly reduced brain infarct size and neuronal loss, increased the number of resting microglia and reduced cellular apoptosis (p < 0.05 compared to control). In contrast, only the highest dose of tacrolimus administered post-HI (0.25 mg/kg/day) reduced brain infarct size (p < 0.05). All doses of tacrolimus reduced pup weight compared to the controls. (4) Conclusions: Tacrolimus administration 3 days pre-HI was neuroprotective, likely mediated through neuroinflammatory and cell death pathways. Tacrolimus post-HI may have limited capacity to reduce brain injury, with higher doses increasing rat pup mortality. This work highlights the benefits of targeting neuroinflammation during the acute injurious period. More specific targeting of neuroinflammation, e.g., via T-cells, warrants further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine J. Smith
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (M.J.S.); (T.P.); (Y.P.); (A.E.S.); (G.J.); (M.C.F.); (S.L.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Tayla Penny
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (M.J.S.); (T.P.); (Y.P.); (A.E.S.); (G.J.); (M.C.F.); (S.L.M.)
| | - Yen Pham
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (M.J.S.); (T.P.); (Y.P.); (A.E.S.); (G.J.); (M.C.F.); (S.L.M.)
| | - Amy E. Sutherland
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (M.J.S.); (T.P.); (Y.P.); (A.E.S.); (G.J.); (M.C.F.); (S.L.M.)
| | - Graham Jenkin
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (M.J.S.); (T.P.); (Y.P.); (A.E.S.); (G.J.); (M.C.F.); (S.L.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Michael C. Fahey
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (M.J.S.); (T.P.); (Y.P.); (A.E.S.); (G.J.); (M.C.F.); (S.L.M.)
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Madison C. B. Paton
- Cerebral Palsy Alliance Research Institute, Speciality of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (M.C.B.P.); (M.F.-E.)
| | - Megan Finch-Edmondson
- Cerebral Palsy Alliance Research Institute, Speciality of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia; (M.C.B.P.); (M.F.-E.)
| | - Suzanne L. Miller
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (M.J.S.); (T.P.); (Y.P.); (A.E.S.); (G.J.); (M.C.F.); (S.L.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Courtney A. McDonald
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (M.J.S.); (T.P.); (Y.P.); (A.E.S.); (G.J.); (M.C.F.); (S.L.M.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Powis KM, Lebanna L, Schenkel S, Masasa G, Kgole SW, Ngwaca M, Kgathi C, Williams PL, Slogrove AL, Shapiro RL, Lockman S, Mmalane MO, Makhema JM, Jao J, Cassidy AR. Lower academic performance among children with perinatal HIV exposure in Botswana. J Int AIDS Soc 2023; 26 Suppl 4:e26165. [PMID: 37909233 PMCID: PMC10618869 DOI: 10.1002/jia2.26165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies have reported a higher risk of suboptimal neurodevelopment among children who are HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) compared to children HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU). Actual academic performance among school-aged children by HIV exposure status has not been studied. METHODS Academic performance in Mathematics, Science, English, Setswana and overall among children enrolled in the Botswana-based FLOURISH study who were attending public primary school and ranging in age from 7.1 to 14.6 years were compared by HIV exposure status using a Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test. Lower academic performance was defined as a grade of "C" or lower (≤60%). Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models were fit to assess for an association between HIV exposure and lower academic performance. RESULTS Between April 2021 and December 2022, 398 children attending public primary school enrolled in the FLOURSH study, 307 (77%) were HEU. Median age was 9.4 years (IQR 8.9-10.2). Only 17.9% of children HEU were breastfeed versus 100% of children HUU. Among children HEU, 80.3% had foetal exposure to three-drug antiretroviral treatment, 18.7% to zidovudine only and 1.0% had no antiretroviral exposure. Caregivers of children HEU were older compared to caregivers of children HUU (median 42 vs. 36 years) and more likely to have no or primary education only (15.0% vs. 1.1%). In unadjusted analyses, children HEU were more likely to have lower overall academic performance compared to their children HUU (odds ratio [OR]: 1.96 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16, 3.30]), and lower performance in Mathematics, Science and English. The association was attenuated after adjustment for maternal education, caregiver income, breastfeeding, low birth weight and child sex (aOR: 1.86 [95% CI: 0.78, 4.43]). CONCLUSIONS In this Botswana-based cohort, primary school academic performance was lower among children HEU compared to children HUU. Biological and socio-demographic factors, including child sex, appear to contribute to this difference. Further research is needed to identify modifiable contributors, develop screening tools to identify the risk of poor academic performance and design interventions to mitigate risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M. Powis
- Department of Internal Medicine and PediatricsMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious DiseasesHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Botswana Harvard Health PartnershipGaboroneBotswana
| | - Lesedi Lebanna
- Department of Curriculum Development and EvaluationBotswana Ministry of Basic EducationGaboroneBotswana
| | - Sara Schenkel
- Department of Internal Medicine and PediatricsMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Paige L. Williams
- Departments of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Amy L. Slogrove
- Department of Paediatrics & Child HealthFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesStellenbosch UniversityWorcesterSouth Africa
| | - Roger L. Shapiro
- Department of Immunology and Infectious DiseasesHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Botswana Harvard Health PartnershipGaboroneBotswana
| | - Shahin Lockman
- Department of Immunology and Infectious DiseasesHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Botswana Harvard Health PartnershipGaboroneBotswana
- Division of Infectious DiseasesBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | | | - Jennifer Jao
- Botswana Harvard Health PartnershipGaboroneBotswana
- Department of PediatricsNorthwestern Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Adam R. Cassidy
- Botswana Harvard Health PartnershipGaboroneBotswana
- Departments of Psychiatry & Psychology and Pediatric & Adolescent MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vasilescu DI, Rosoga AM, Vasilescu S, Dragomir I, Dima V, Dan AM, Cirstoiu MM. SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Pregnancy Followed by Thalamic Neonatal Stroke-Case Report. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:958. [PMID: 37371190 DOI: 10.3390/children10060958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
A neonatal stroke is a cerebrovascular process caused by interruption of cerebral blood flow that occurs with an incidence between 1 per 1600 and 1 per 2660 live births. Relative higher incidence in the neonatal period compared to later childhood is favored by the hypercoagulability state of the mother, mechanical stress during delivery, transient right to left intracardiac shunt, high hematocrit, blood viscosity, and risk of dehydration during the first few days of life. The exact cause of a neonatal stroke remains unclear in many cases. About 80% of neonatal strokes are due to arterial ischemic events involving the middle cerebral artery. Typical clinical manifestations in a neonatal stroke are usually seizures that appear immediately after birth or after several days of life, but many of the cases may remain asymptomatic. We present the case of a late preterm infant diagnosed with a thalamic stroke on the fifth day of life with no clinical signs except for repeated episodes of apnea. The anamnesis and clinical context, in this case, revealed a SARS-CoV-2 infection in late pregnancy and early bacterial neonatal sepsis. Early identification of a perinatal stroke and increasing awareness of physicians about this condition in the neonatal period have paramount importance to reduce developmental postischemic damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Iulia Vasilescu
- Doctoral School, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicineand Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Neonatology, Emergency University Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Maria Rosoga
- Department of Neonatology, Emergency University Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorin Vasilescu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emergency University Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ion Dragomir
- Department of Neonatology, Marie Curie Children Hospital, 041451 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vlad Dima
- Department of Neonatology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, 011171 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Mihaela Dan
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicineand Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Neonatology, Emergency University Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Monica Mihaela Cirstoiu
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicineand Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emergency University Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Labusek N, Mouloud Y, Köster C, Diesterbeck E, Tertel T, Wiek C, Hanenberg H, Horn PA, Felderhoff-Müser U, Bendix I, Giebel B, Herz J. Extracellular vesicles from immortalized mesenchymal stromal cells protect against neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Inflamm Regen 2023; 43:24. [PMID: 37069694 PMCID: PMC10108458 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-023-00274-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EV) revealed neuroprotective potentials in various brain injury models, including neonatal encephalopathy caused by hypoxia-ischemia (HI). However, for clinical translation of an MSC-EV therapy, scaled manufacturing strategies are required, which is challenging with primary MSCs due to inter- and intra-donor heterogeneities. Therefore, we established a clonally expanded and immortalized human MSC line (ciMSC) and compared the neuroprotective potential of their EVs with EVs from primary MSCs in a murine model of HI-induced brain injury. In vivo activities of ciMSC-EVs were comprehensively characterized according to their proposed multimodal mechanisms of action. METHODS Nine-day-old C57BL/6 mice were exposed to HI followed by repetitive intranasal delivery of primary MSC-EVs or ciMSC-EVs 1, 3, and 5 days after HI. Sham-operated animals served as healthy controls. To compare neuroprotective effects of both EV preparations, total and regional brain atrophy was assessed by cresyl-violet-staining 7 days after HI. Immunohistochemistry, western blot, and real-time PCR were performed to investigate neuroinflammatory and regenerative processes. The amount of peripheral inflammatory mediators was evaluated by multiplex analyses in serum samples. RESULTS Intranasal delivery of ciMSC-EVs and primary MSC-EVs comparably protected neonatal mice from HI-induced brain tissue atrophy. Mechanistically, ciMSC-EV application reduced microglia activation and astrogliosis, endothelial activation, and leukocyte infiltration. These effects were associated with a downregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 beta and an elevated expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and TGF-beta in the brain, while concentrations of cytokines in the peripheral blood were not affected. ciMSC-EV-mediated anti-inflammatory effects in the brain were accompanied by an increased neural progenitor and endothelial cell proliferation, oligodendrocyte maturation, and neurotrophic growth factor expression. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that ciMSC-EVs conserve neuroprotective effects of primary MSC-EVs via inhibition of neuroinflammation and promotion of neuroregeneration. Since ciMSCs can overcome challenges associated with MSC heterogeneity, they appear as an ideal cell source for the scaled manufacturing of EV-based therapeutics to treat neonatal and possibly also adult brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Labusek
- Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology & Experimental Perinatal Neurosciences, Centre for Translational and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Yanis Mouloud
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christian Köster
- Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology & Experimental Perinatal Neurosciences, Centre for Translational and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Eva Diesterbeck
- Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology & Experimental Perinatal Neurosciences, Centre for Translational and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tobias Tertel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Constanze Wiek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head/Neck Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Helmut Hanenberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head/Neck Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter A Horn
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ursula Felderhoff-Müser
- Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology & Experimental Perinatal Neurosciences, Centre for Translational and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ivo Bendix
- Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology & Experimental Perinatal Neurosciences, Centre for Translational and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Josephine Herz
- Department of Pediatrics I, Neonatology & Experimental Perinatal Neurosciences, Centre for Translational and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bernis ME, Zweyer M, Maes E, Schleehuber Y, Sabir H. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Release following Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in Newborn Rats Treated with Therapeutic Hypothermia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3598. [PMID: 36835009 PMCID: PMC9966013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The peripheral immune system plays a critical role in neuroinflammation of the central nervous system after an insult. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) induces a strong neuroinflammatory response in neonates, which is often associated with exacerbated outcomes. In adult models of ischemic stroke, neutrophils infiltrate injured brain tissue immediately after an ischemic insult and aggravate inflammation via various mechanisms, including neutrophil extracellular trap (NETs) formation. In this study, we used a neonatal model of experimental hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury and demonstrated that circulating neutrophils were rapidly activated in neonatal blood. We observed an increased infiltration of neutrophils in the brain after exposure to HI. After treatment with either normothermia (NT) or therapeutic hypothermia (TH), we observed a significantly enhanced expression level of the NETosis marker Citrullinated H3 (Cit-H3), which was significantly more pronounced in animals treated with TH than in those treated with NT. NETs and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP-3) inflammasome assembly are closely linked in adult models of ischemic brain injury. In this study, we observed an increase in the activation of the NLRP-3 inflammasome at the time points analyzed, particularly immediately after TH, when we observed a significant increase in NETs structures in the brain. Together, these results suggest the important pathological functions of early arriving neutrophils and NETosis following neonatal HI, particularly after TH treatment, which is a promising starting point for the development of potential new therapeutic targets for neonatal HIE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria E. Bernis
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children’s Hospital, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Margit Zweyer
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children’s Hospital, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Elke Maes
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children’s Hospital, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Yvonne Schleehuber
- Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Hemmen Sabir
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Children’s Hospital, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Deutsche Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cornet MC, Grose C, Vexler Z, Wu YW, Fullerton HJ. The Role of Infection and Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Pediatric Arterial Ischemic Stroke. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2022; 44:100995. [PMID: 36456035 DOI: 10.1016/j.spen.2022.100995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Infections play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in neonates and children. In neonates, chorioamnionitis or intrauterine inflammation has been implicated as a common risk factor for AIS. In infants and children, recent investigations demonstrated that even minor childhood infections are associated with subsequent increased risk for AIS. Post-infectious inflammatory mechanisms following infections with herpesviruses may lead to focal cerebral arteriopathy (FCA), one of the most common causes of AIS in a previously healthy child. Other agents such as parvovirus B19, dengue virus, and SARS-CoV-2 have recently been implicated as other potential triggers. Infections are compelling treatable stroke risk factors, with available therapies for both pathogens and downstream inflammatory effects. However, infections are common in childhood, while stroke is uncommon. The ongoing VIPS II (Vascular effects of Infection in Pediatric Stroke) study aims to identify the array of pathogens that may lead to childhood AIS and whether either unusual strains or unusual combinations of pathogens explain this paradox. Immune modulation with corticosteroids for FCA is another active area of research, with European and U.S. trials launching soon. The results of these new pediatric stroke studies combined with findings emerging from the larger field of immune-mediated post-infectious diseases will likely lead to new approaches to the prevention and treatment of pediatric stroke. This review highlights recent developments from both clinical and animal model research enhancing our understanding of this relationship between infection, inflammation, and stroke in neonates and children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Coralie Cornet
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
| | - Charles Grose
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Zinaida Vexler
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yvonne W Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Heather J Fullerton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li S, Wan L, Sun J, Yan W, Wang J, Gao X, Ren C, Hao L. New Insights into Mechanisms of Ferroptosis Associated with Immune Infiltration in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage. Cells 2022; 11:3778. [PMID: 36497037 PMCID: PMC9736049 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms underlying ferroptosis in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) remain unclear. METHOD Four microarray datasets were collected from the GEO database (three mRNA datasets GSE23317, GSE144456, and GSE112137, and one miRNA microarray dataset GSE184939). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify modules of HIBD-related genes. The ferroptosis-related genes were extracted from FerrDb, of which closely correlated to HIBD were obtained after the intersection with existing HIBD's DEGs. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, as well as protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were subsequently conducted. Cytoscape was used to identify central genes. Immune cell infiltration analysis was performed by the CIBERSORT algorithm. RESULT Fifty-six ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (FRDEGs) were screened, mainly related to ferroptosis, autophagy, hypoxia response, metabolic pathways, and immune inflammation. The seven optimal hub FRDEGs were obtained by intersecting with key modules of WGCNA. Then, the expression levels of the seven optimal hub FRDEGs were validated in the GSE144456 and GSE112137 datasets, and the ferroptosis-related mRNA-miRNA network was established. In addition, this study revealed immune cell infiltration in the HIBD cerebral cortex and the interaction between immune cells. Moreover, notably, specific FRDEGs were strongly positively correlated with immune function. CONCLUSIONS The mechanism of ferroptosis is intricate and closely related to neonatal HIBD. Therefore, targeting ferroptosis-related gene therapy and immunotherapy may have therapeutic prospects for neonatal HIBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shangbin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Li Wan
- Institute for Epidemic Disease Control, Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Jingfei Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhengding People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Weichen Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Xiong Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Changjun Ren
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Ling Hao
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Brogna C, Brogna B, De Biase M, Sini F, Mirra F, Moro M, Romeo DM. Perinatal Cerebral Ischemic Lesion and SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Pregnancy: A Case Report and a Review of the Literature. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11226827. [PMID: 36431302 PMCID: PMC9693289 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11226827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal stroke is related to possible differences in predisposing factors and outcomes between acutely and retrospectively diagnosed cases. In most cases, there are different risk factors and infections that could play an important role. Thus far, different clinical manifestations have been reported in children presenting with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), ranging from asymptomatic status to severe disease sustained by an immune-mediated inflammatory response. SARS-CoV-2 has been associated with severe neurological diseases including seizures and encephalitis in both adults and children. However, there are still few reports regarding the possible relation between SARS-CoV-2 infection of mothers during pregnancy and the neurologic outcome of the newborns. We described the case of a newborn diagnosed with a perinatal stroke, born at 35 weeks of gestation from a mother presenting with SARS- CoV-2 infection during the last months of pregnancy. We also added a brief review of the literature with similar cases. Close monitoring and early intervention in young children born to infected mothers would be highly recommended for the potential neurodevelopmental risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Brogna
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Brogna
- Department of Radiology, “San Giuseppe Moscati” Hospital, Contrada Amoretta, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Margherita De Biase
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sini
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Mirra
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Moro
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico M. Romeo
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-30155340; Fax: +39-06-30154363
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kobus S, Diezel M, Dewan MV, Huening B, Dathe AK, Felderhoff-Mueser U, Bruns N. Impact of Physical Contact on Preterm Infants' Vital Sign Response to Live Music Therapy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159524. [PMID: 35954880 PMCID: PMC9368366 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Evidence that music therapy stabilises vital parameters in preterm infants is growing, but the optimal setting for therapy is still under investigation. Our study aimed to quantify the effect of physical contact during live music therapy in preterm infants born < 32 weeks’ gestational age (GA) on post-therapy vital sign values. Live music therapy was delivered twice-weekly until discharge from hospital to 40 stable infants < 32 weeks’ GA. Baseline and post-therapy heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation and physical contact during each session were recorded. 159 sessions were performed with, and 444 sessions without, physical contact. Descriptive and multivariable regression analyses based on directed acyclic graphs were performed. The mean GA was 28.6 ± 2.6 weeks, and 26 (65%) infants were male. Mean absolute values for heart and respiratory rates lowered during music therapy regardless of physical contact. The mean post-therapy SaO2 was higher compared to baseline values regardless of physical contact (mean differences −8.6 beats/min; −13.3 breaths/min and +2.0%). There were no clinically relevant changes in vital sign responses between therapy sessions, with or without physical contact, or adjusted post-therapy values for any of the studied vital signs. Physical contact caused better baseline and post-therapy vital sign values but did not enhance the vital sign response to music therapy. Thus, the effect of music therapy on preterm infants’ vital signs is independent of physical contact and parents’ presence during music therapy in the neonatal intensive care unit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susann Kobus
- Department of Paediatrics I, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.D.); (M.V.D.); (B.H.); (A.-K.D.); (U.F.-M.); (N.B.)
- Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences (C-TNBS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Marlis Diezel
- Department of Paediatrics I, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.D.); (M.V.D.); (B.H.); (A.-K.D.); (U.F.-M.); (N.B.)
- Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences (C-TNBS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Monia Vanessa Dewan
- Department of Paediatrics I, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.D.); (M.V.D.); (B.H.); (A.-K.D.); (U.F.-M.); (N.B.)
- Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences (C-TNBS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Britta Huening
- Department of Paediatrics I, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.D.); (M.V.D.); (B.H.); (A.-K.D.); (U.F.-M.); (N.B.)
- Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences (C-TNBS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Anne-Kathrin Dathe
- Department of Paediatrics I, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.D.); (M.V.D.); (B.H.); (A.-K.D.); (U.F.-M.); (N.B.)
- Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences (C-TNBS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Department of Health and Nursing, Occupational Therapy, Ernst-Abbe-University of Applied Sciences Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ursula Felderhoff-Mueser
- Department of Paediatrics I, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.D.); (M.V.D.); (B.H.); (A.-K.D.); (U.F.-M.); (N.B.)
- Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences (C-TNBS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Nora Bruns
- Department of Paediatrics I, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (M.D.); (M.V.D.); (B.H.); (A.-K.D.); (U.F.-M.); (N.B.)
- Centre for Translational Neuro- and Behavioural Sciences (C-TNBS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Biomarker und Neuromonitoring zur Entwicklungsprognose nach perinataler Hirnschädigung. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2022; 170:688-703. [PMID: 35909417 PMCID: PMC9309449 DOI: 10.1007/s00112-022-01542-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Das sich entwickelnde Gehirn ist in der Perinatalperiode besonders empfindlich für eine Vielzahl von Insulten, wie z. B. Extremfrühgeburtlichkeit und perinatale Asphyxie. Ihre Komplikationen können zu lebenslangen neurokognitiven, sensorischen und psychosozialen Einschränkungen führen; deren Vorhersage bleibt eine Herausforderung. Eine Schlüsselfunktion kommt der möglichst exakten Identifikation von Hirnläsionen und funktionellen Störungen zu. Die Prädiktion stützt sich auf frühe diagnostische Verfahren und die klinische Erfassung der Meilensteine der Entwicklung. Zur klinischen Diagnostik und zum Neuromonitoring in der Neonatal- und frühen Säuglingsperiode stehen bildgebende Verfahren zur Verfügung. Hierzu zählen zerebrale Sonographie, MRT am errechneten Termin, amplitudenintegriertes (a)EEG und/oder klassisches EEG, Nah-Infrarot-Spektroskopie, General Movements Assessment und die frühe klinische Nachuntersuchung z. B. mithilfe der Hammersmith Neonatal/Infant Neurological Examination. Innovative Biomarker und -muster (Omics) sowie (epi)genetische Prädispositionen sind Gegenstand wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen. Neben der Erfassung klinischer Risiken kommt psychosozialen Faktoren im Umfeld des Kindes eine entscheidende Rolle zu. Eine möglichst akkurate Prognose ist mit hohem Aufwand verbunden, jedoch zur gezielten Beratung der Familien und der Einleitung von frühen Interventionen, insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund der hohen Plastizität des sich entwickelnden Gehirns, von großer Bedeutung. Diese Übersichtsarbeit fokussiert die Charakterisierung der oben genannten Verfahren und ihrer Kombinationsmöglichkeiten. Zudem wird ein Ausblick gegeben, wie innovative Techniken in Zukunft die Prädiktion der Entwicklung und Nachsorge dieser Kinder vereinfachen können.
Collapse
|
19
|
Gandecha H, Kaur A, Sanghera R, Preece J, Pillay T. Nutrition and Immunity in Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132747. [PMID: 35807927 PMCID: PMC9269416 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxia ischaemia (PHI), acute and chronic, may be associated with considerable adverse outcomes in the foetus and neonate. The molecular and cellular mechanisms of injury and repair associated with PHI in the perinate are not completely understood. Increasing evidence is mounting for the role of nutrients and bioactive food components in immune development, function and repair in PHI. In this review, we explore current concepts around the neonatal immune response to PHI with a specific emphasis on the impact of nutrition in the mother, foetus and neonate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hema Gandecha
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
- East Midlands Deanery, Health Education England, Leicester LE3 5DR, UK
| | - Avineet Kaur
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
- East Midlands Deanery, Health Education England, Leicester LE3 5DR, UK
| | - Ranveer Sanghera
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
- East Midlands Deanery, Health Education England, Leicester LE3 5DR, UK
| | - Joanna Preece
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - Thillagavathie Pillay
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospitals Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Research Institute for Healthcare Sciences, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
- College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Sepsis has a huge impact on global mortality and has been declared as a priority by the World Health organisation the WHO.1 Children have a high incidence of sepsis especially in the neonatal with an estimated 3 million babies affected worldwide and mortality ranges from 11 to 19%.2 In addition, long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes are affected but this is largely unquantified. However, challenges remain in the early recognition, diagnosis and standardised management of sepsis. This series on Sepsis and inflammation in children reviews the conundrums of diagnostic criteria, biomarkers, management and future strategies to improve outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E J Molloy
- Paediatrics, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Research in Childhood Centre (TRiCC), Dublin, Ireland.
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Dublin, Ireland.
- Neonatology, Coombe Women's and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
- Neonatology, CHI at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Children's Hospital Ireland (CHI) at Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - C F Bearer
- UH Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Feyaerts D, Urbschat C, Gaudillière B, Stelzer IA. Establishment of tissue-resident immune populations in the fetus. Semin Immunopathol 2022; 44:747-766. [PMID: 35508672 PMCID: PMC9067556 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-022-00931-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The immune system establishes during the prenatal period from distinct waves of stem and progenitor cells and continuously adapts to the needs and challenges of early postnatal and adult life. Fetal immune development not only lays the foundation for postnatal immunity but establishes functional populations of tissue-resident immune cells that are instrumental for fetal immune responses amidst organ growth and maturation. This review aims to discuss current knowledge about the development and function of tissue-resident immune populations during fetal life, focusing on the brain, lung, and gastrointestinal tract as sites with distinct developmental trajectories. While recent progress using system-level approaches has shed light on the fetal immune landscape, further work is required to describe precise roles of prenatal immune populations and their migration and adaptation to respective organ environments. Defining points of prenatal susceptibility to environmental challenges will support the search for potential therapeutic targets to positively impact postnatal health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorien Feyaerts
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA USA
| | - Christopher Urbschat
- grid.13648.380000 0001 2180 3484Division of Experimental Feto-Maternal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Brice Gaudillière
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA USA ,grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA USA
| | - Ina A. Stelzer
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA USA
| |
Collapse
|