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Zhang Z, Yang Q, Jin M, Wang J, Chai Y, Zhang L, Jiang Z, Yu Q. Tamoxifen upregulates the peroxisomal β-oxidation enzyme Enoyl CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyacyl CoA hydratase ameliorating hepatic lipid accumulation in mice. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 172:106585. [PMID: 38734232 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Tamoxifen is an estrogen receptor modulator that has been reported to alleviate hepatic lipid accumulation in mice, but the mechanism is still unclear. Peroxisome fatty acid β-oxidation is the main metabolic pathway for the overload of long-chain fatty acids. As long-chain fatty acids are a cause of hepatic lipid accumulation, the activation of peroxisome fatty acid β-oxidation might be a novel therapeutic strategy for metabolic associated fatty liver disease. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of tamoxifen against hepatic lipid accumulation based on the activation of peroxisome fatty acid β-oxidation. Tamoxifen reduced liver long-chain fatty acids and relieved hepatic lipid accumulation in high fat diet mice without sex difference. In vitro, tamoxifen protected primary hepatocytes against palmitic acid-induced lipotoxicity. Mechanistically, the RNA-sequence of hepatocytes isolated from the liver revealed that peroxisome fatty acid β-oxidation was activated by tamoxifen. Protein and mRNA expression of enoyl CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyacyl CoA hydratase were significantly increased in vivo and in vitro. Small interfering RNA enoyl CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyacyl CoA hydratase in primary hepatocytes abolished the therapeutic effects of tamoxifen in lipid accumulation. In conclusion, our results indicated that tamoxifen could relieve hepatic lipid accumulation in high fat diet mice based on the activation of enoyl CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyacyl CoA hydratase-mediated peroxisome fatty acids β-oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziling Zhang
- New Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Qinqin Yang
- New Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Ming Jin
- New Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jie Wang
- New Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Chai
- New Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Luyong Zhang
- New Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- New Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Qinwei Yu
- New Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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López-Pascual E, Rienda I, Perez-Rojas J, Rapisarda A, Garcia-Llorens G, Jover R, Castell JV. Drug-Induced Fatty Liver Disease (DIFLD): A Comprehensive Analysis of Clinical, Biochemical, and Histopathological Data for Mechanisms Identification and Consistency with Current Adverse Outcome Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5203. [PMID: 38791241 PMCID: PMC11121209 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug induced fatty liver disease (DIFLD) is a form of drug-induced liver injury (DILI), which can also be included in the more general metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which specifically refers to the accumulation of fat in the liver unrelated to alcohol intake. A bi-directional relationship between DILI and MASLD is likely to exist: while certain drugs can cause MASLD by acting as pro-steatogenic factors, MASLD may make hepatocytes more vulnerable to drugs. Having a pre-existing MASLD significantly heightens the likelihood of experiencing DILI from certain medications. Thus, the prevalence of steatosis within DILI may be biased by pre-existing MASLD, and it can be concluded that the genuine true incidence of DIFLD in the general population remains unknown. In certain individuals, drug-induced steatosis is often accompanied by concomitant injury mechanisms such as oxidative stress, cell death, and inflammation, which leads to the development of drug-induced steatohepatitis (DISH). DISH is much more severe from the clinical point of view, has worse prognosis and outcome, and resembles MASH (metabolic-associated steatohepatitis), as it is associated with inflammation and sometimes with fibrosis. A literature review of clinical case reports allowed us to examine and evaluate the clinical features of DIFLD and their association with specific drugs, enabling us to propose a classification of DIFLD drugs based on clinical outcomes and pathological severity: Group 1, drugs with low intrinsic toxicity (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen, acetaminophen, irinotecan, methotrexate, and tamoxifen), but expected to promote/aggravate steatosis in patients with pre-existing MASLD; Group 2, drugs associated with steatosis and only occasionally with steatohepatitis (e.g., amiodarone, valproic acid, and tetracycline); and Group 3, drugs with a great tendency to transit to steatohepatitis and further to fibrosis. Different mechanisms may be in play when identifying drug mode of action: (1) inhibition of mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation; (2) inhibition of fatty acid transport across mitochondrial membranes; (3) increased de novo lipid synthesis; (4) reduction in lipid export by the inhibition of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein; (5) induction of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening; (6) dissipation of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential; (7) impairment of the mitochondrial respiratory chain/oxidative phosphorylation; (8) mitochondrial DNA damage, degradation and depletion; and (9) nuclear receptors (NRs)/transcriptomic alterations. Currently, the majority of, if not all, adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) for steatosis in AOP-Wiki highlight the interaction with NRs or transcription factors as the key molecular initiating event (MIE). This perspective suggests that chemical-induced steatosis typically results from the interplay between a chemical and a NR or transcription factors, implying that this interaction represents the primary and pivotal MIE. However, upon conducting this exhaustive literature review, it became evident that the current AOPs tend to overly emphasize this interaction as the sole MIE. Some studies indeed support the involvement of NRs in steatosis, but others demonstrate that such NR interactions alone do not necessarily lead to steatosis. This view, ignoring other mitochondrial-related injury mechanisms, falls short in encapsulating the intricate biological mechanisms involved in chemically induced liver steatosis, necessitating their consideration as part of the AOP's map road as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto López-Pascual
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Joint Research Unit in Experimental Hepatology, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ivan Rienda
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Judith Perez-Rojas
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Anna Rapisarda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Joint Research Unit in Experimental Hepatology, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Guillem Garcia-Llorens
- Joint Research Unit in Experimental Hepatology, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramiro Jover
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Joint Research Unit in Experimental Hepatology, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José V. Castell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Joint Research Unit in Experimental Hepatology, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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3
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Li Y, Yang P, Ye J, Xu Q, Wu J, Wang Y. Updated mechanisms of MASLD pathogenesis. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:117. [PMID: 38649999 PMCID: PMC11034170 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has garnered considerable attention globally. Changing lifestyles, over-nutrition, and physical inactivity have promoted its development. MASLD is typically accompanied by obesity and is strongly linked to metabolic syndromes. Given that MASLD prevalence is on the rise, there is an urgent need to elucidate its pathogenesis. Hepatic lipid accumulation generally triggers lipotoxicity and induces MASLD or progress to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) by mediating endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, organelle dysfunction, and ferroptosis. Recently, significant attention has been directed towards exploring the role of gut microbial dysbiosis in the development of MASLD, offering a novel therapeutic target for MASLD. Considering that there are no recognized pharmacological therapies due to the diversity of mechanisms involved in MASLD and the difficulty associated with undertaking clinical trials, potential targets in MASLD remain elusive. Thus, this article aimed to summarize and evaluate the prominent roles of lipotoxicity, ferroptosis, and gut microbes in the development of MASLD and the mechanisms underlying their effects. Furthermore, existing advances and challenges in the treatment of MASLD were outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Yang
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jialu Ye
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiyuan Xu
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Translational Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yidong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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4
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Li L, Yao Y, Wang Y, Cao J, Jiang Z, Yang Y, Wang H, Ma H. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis through targeting AMPK-dependent signaling. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105661. [PMID: 38246352 PMCID: PMC10876613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), especially nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), has emerged as a prevalent cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, posing severe public health challenges worldwide. The incidence of NASH is highly correlated with an increased prevalence of obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and other metabolic diseases. Currently, no approved drugs specifically targeted for the therapies of NASH partially due to the unclear pathophysiological mechanisms. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) is a membrane estrogen receptor involved in the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. However, the function of GPER1 in NAFLD/NASH progression remains unknown. Here, we show that GPER1 exerts a beneficial role in insulin resistance, hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, or inflammation in vivo and in vitro. In particular, we observed that the lipid accumulation, inflammatory response, fibrosis, or insulin resistance in mouse NAFLD/NASH models were exacerbated by hepatocyte-specific GPER1 knockout but obviously mitigated by hepatic GPER1 activation in female and male mice. Mechanistically, hepatic GPER1 activates AMP-activated protein kinase signaling by inducing cyclic AMP release, thereby exerting its protective effect. These data suggest that GPER1 may be a promising therapeutic target for NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhihao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haitian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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5
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Mass-Sanchez PB, Krizanac M, Štancl P, Leopold M, Engel KM, Buhl EM, van Helden J, Gassler N, Schiller J, Karlić R, Möckel D, Lammers T, Meurer SK, Weiskirchen R, Asimakopoulos A. Perilipin 5 deletion protects against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma by modulating lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:94. [PMID: 38388533 PMCID: PMC10884415 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01860-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying the transition from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are incompletely understood. During the development of NAFLD, Perilipin 5 (PLIN5) can regulate lipid metabolism by suppressing lipolysis and preventing lipotoxicity. Other reports suggest that the lack of PLIN5 decreases hepatic injury, indicating a protective role in NAFLD pathology. To better understand the role of PLIN5 in liver disease, we established mouse models of NAFLD and NAFLD-induced HCC, in which wild-type and Plin5 null mice were exposed to a single dose of acetone or 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in acetone, followed by a 30-week high-fat diet supplemented with glucose/fructose. In the NAFLD model, RNA-seq revealed significant changes in genes related to lipid metabolism and immune response. At the intermediate level, pathways such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and protein kinase B (AKT) were blunted in Plin5-deficient mice (Plin5-/-) compared to wild-type mice (WT). In the NAFLD-HCC model, only WT mice developed liver tumors, while Plin5-/- mice were resistant to tumorigenesis. Furthermore, only 32 differentially expressed genes associated with NALFD progession were identified in Plin5 null mice. The markers of mitochondrial function and immune response, such as the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) and phosphorylated STAT3, were decreased. Lipidomic analysis revealed differential levels of some sphingomyelins between WT and Plin5-/- mice. Interestingly, these changes were not detected in the HCC model, indicating a possible shift in the metabolism of sphingomelins during carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Berenice Mass-Sanchez
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marinela Krizanac
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Paula Štancl
- Bioinformatics Group, Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marvin Leopold
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Facutly of Medicine, D-04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin M Engel
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Facutly of Medicine, D-04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eva Miriam Buhl
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Nikolaus Gassler
- Section Pathology, Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Jena, D-07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Facutly of Medicine, D-04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rosa Karlić
- Bioinformatics Group, Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Diana Möckel
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Twan Lammers
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Steffen K Meurer
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Anastasia Asimakopoulos
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074, Aachen, Germany.
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6
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Lee J, Xue X, Au E, McIntyre WB, Asgariroozbehani R, Panganiban K, Tseng GC, Papoulias M, Smith E, Monteiro J, Shah D, Maksyutynska K, Cavalier S, Radoncic E, Prasad F, Agarwal SM, Mccullumsmith R, Freyberg Z, Logan RW, Hahn MK. Glucose dysregulation in antipsychotic-naive first-episode psychosis: in silico exploration of gene expression signatures. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:19. [PMID: 38199991 PMCID: PMC10781725 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02716-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Antipsychotic (AP)-naive first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients display early dysglycemia, including insulin resistance and prediabetes. Metabolic dysregulation may therefore be intrinsic to psychosis spectrum disorders (PSDs), independent of the metabolic effects of APs. However, the potential biological pathways that overlap between PSDs and dysglycemic states remain to be identified. Using meta-analytic approaches of transcriptomic datasets, we investigated whether AP-naive FEP patients share overlapping gene expression signatures with non-psychiatrically ill early dysglycemia individuals. We meta-analyzed peripheral transcriptomic datasets of AP-naive FEP patients and non-psychiatrically ill early dysglycemia subjects to identify common gene expression signatures. Common signatures underwent pathway enrichment analysis and were then used to identify potential new pharmacological compounds via Integrative Library of Integrated Network-Based Cellular Signatures (iLINCS). Our search results yielded 5 AP-naive FEP studies and 4 early dysglycemia studies which met inclusion criteria. We discovered that AP-naive FEP and non-psychiatrically ill subjects exhibiting early dysglycemia shared 221 common signatures, which were enriched for pathways related to endoplasmic reticulum stress and abnormal brain energetics. Nine FDA-approved drugs were identified as potential drug treatments, of which the antidiabetic metformin, the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, has evidence to attenuate metabolic dysfunction in PSDs. Taken together, our findings support shared gene expression changes and biological pathways associating PSDs with dysglycemic disorders. These data suggest that the pathobiology of PSDs overlaps and potentially contributes to dysglycemia. Finally, we find that metformin may be a potential treatment for early metabolic dysfunction intrinsic to PSDs.
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Grants
- R01 DK124219 NIDDK NIH HHS
- R01 HL150432 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01 MH107487 NIMH NIH HHS
- R01 MH121102 NIMH NIH HHS
- Holds the Meighen Family Chair in Psychosis Prevention, the Cardy Schizophrenia Research Chair, a Danish Diabetes Academy Professorship, a Steno Diabetes Center Fellowship, and a U of T Academic Scholar Award, and is funded by operating grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), the Banting and Best Diabetes Center, the Miners Lamp U of T award, CIHR and Canadian Psychiatric Association Glenda MacQueen Memorial Award, and the PSI Foundation.
- Hilda and William Courtney Clayton Paediatric Research Fund and Dr. LG Rao/Industrial Partners Graduate Student Award from the University of Toronto, and Meighen Family Chair in Psychosis Prevention
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- UofT | Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto (BBDC)
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Canada Graduate Scholarship-Master’s program
- Cleghorn Award
- University of Toronto (UofT)
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (Centre de Toxicomanie et de Santé Mentale)
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases)
- U.S. Department of Defense (United States Department of Defense)
- Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Formula Fund, The Pittsburgh Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Lee
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xiangning Xue
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Emily Au
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - William B McIntyre
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Roshanak Asgariroozbehani
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kristoffer Panganiban
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - George C Tseng
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Emily Smith
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Divia Shah
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kateryna Maksyutynska
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Samantha Cavalier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Emril Radoncic
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Femin Prasad
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sri Mahavir Agarwal
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Mccullumsmith
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
- ProMedica, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Zachary Freyberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ryan W Logan
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margaret K Hahn
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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7
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Zhu T, Huang X, Zhu H, Chen J, Yao H, Zhang Y, Hua H, Zhang J, Qi J. Analysis of bioactive components and synergistic action mechanism of ShuGan-QieZhi Capsule for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155173. [PMID: 37976695 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ShuGan-QieZhi capsule (SGQZC) is a traditional Chinese preparation used to treat hyperlipidemia and obesity, even non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, its therapeutic effects, main bioactive ingredients, as well as potential mechanisms for NAFLD are still unclear. PURPOSE To investigate the pharmacological effect, main active ingredients, and mechanisms of SGQZC against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD in mice. METHODS NAFLD models were established by feeding C57BL/6 J mice an HFD for 24 weeks. From the 12th week, HFD-fed mice received daily gavage of either SGQZC or silibinin for 12 weeks. Hepatic hypertrophy parameters, along with hepatic and systemic lipid metabolism changes in NAFLD mice, were assessed. Oil red O and histopathological staining techniques determined lipid accumulation and liver injury severity. qRT-PCR analysis measured the expression of genes tied to liver lipid metabolism and inflammation. HPLC-MS/MS identified the primary components of SGQZC in the serum. Human normal hepatocytes (LO2) and hepatic stellate cells (LX-2) were used to screen SGQZC's bioactive ingredients. Network pharmacological analysis, transcriptomics, and western blotting delved into SGQZC's synergistic mechanisms against NAFLD. RESULTS SGQZC ameliorated abnormal lipid metabolism and liver hypertrophy in mice with HFD-induced NAFLD, consequently reducing hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammatory cell infiltration, and liver impairment. Eight crucial components of SGQZC were detected in serum using HPLC-MS/MS and were found to effectively attenuate lipid accumulation and inflammation in liver cells. Further investigation indicated that SGQZC modulates MAPK pathway and AKT/NF-κB pathway, subsequently improving lipid metabolism and inflammation. CONCLUSION SGQZC alleviates NAFLD by synergistically modulating the MAPK-mediated lipid metabolism and inhibiting AKT/NF-κB pathways-mediated inflammation. Our findings reveal the enormous potential of SGQZC for the treatment of NAFLD, providing a possible new clinical therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd.,Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd.,Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd.,Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jihui Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd.,Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Huijuan Yao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd.,Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangyin Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangyin, Jiangsu, 214400, China
| | - Haibing Hua
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangyin Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangyin, Jiangsu, 214400, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd.,Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Jia Qi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd.,Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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