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Constantinou C, Meliou K, Skouras A, Siafaka P, Christodoulou P. Liposomes against Alzheimer's Disease: Current Research and Future Prospects. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1519. [PMID: 39062092 PMCID: PMC11275096 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, the most common neurodegenerative disease, affects more than 60 million people worldwide, a number that is estimated to double by 2050. Alzheimer's disease is characterized by progressive memory loss, the impairment of behavior, and mood changes, as well as the disturbed daily routine of the patient. Although there are some active molecules that can be beneficial by halting the progression of the disease, the blood-brain barrier and other physiological barriers hinder their delivery and, consequently, the appropriate management of the disease. Therefore, drug delivery systems that effectively target and overcome the blood-brain barrier to reach the targeted brain area would improve treatment effectiveness. Liposomes are lipophilic carriers that consist of a phospholipid bilayer structure, simulating the physiological lipidic layer of the blood-brain barrier and enabling better delivery of the drug to the brain. Given that pure liposomes may have less targeting affinity than functionalized liposomes, modification with groups such as lactoferrin, poly(ethylene glycol), and transferrin may improve specificity. In this mini-review, we summarize the literature on the use of liposomes for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, focusing on the functionalization moieties of liposomes. In addition, challenges in brain delivery are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Constantinou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Pharmacy Program, European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus; (C.C.); (K.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Katerina Meliou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Pharmacy Program, European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus; (C.C.); (K.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Athanasios Skouras
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71004 Heraklion, Crete, Greece;
| | - Panoraia Siafaka
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Pharmacy Program, European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus; (C.C.); (K.M.); (P.S.)
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Susa F, Arpicco S, Pirri CF, Limongi T. An Overview on the Physiopathology of the Blood-Brain Barrier and the Lipid-Based Nanocarriers for Central Nervous System Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:849. [PMID: 39065547 PMCID: PMC11279990 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The state of well-being and health of our body is regulated by the fine osmotic and biochemical balance established between the cells of the different tissues, organs, and systems. Specific districts of the human body are defined, kept in the correct state of functioning, and, therefore, protected from exogenous or endogenous insults of both mechanical, physical, and biological nature by the presence of different barrier systems. In addition to the placental barrier, which even acts as a linker between two different organisms, the mother and the fetus, all human body barriers, including the blood-brain barrier (BBB), blood-retinal barrier, blood-nerve barrier, blood-lymph barrier, and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, operate to maintain the physiological homeostasis within tissues and organs. From a pharmaceutical point of view, the most challenging is undoubtedly the BBB, since its presence notably complicates the treatment of brain disorders. BBB action can impair the delivery of chemical drugs and biopharmaceuticals into the brain, reducing their therapeutic efficacy and/or increasing their unwanted bioaccumulation in the surrounding healthy tissues. Recent nanotechnological innovation provides advanced biomaterials and ad hoc customized engineering and functionalization methods able to assist in brain-targeted drug delivery. In this context, lipid nanocarriers, including both synthetic (liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, nanostructured lipid carriers, niosomes, proniosomes, and cubosomes) and cell-derived ones (extracellular vesicles and cell membrane-derived nanocarriers), are considered one of the most successful brain delivery systems due to their reasonable biocompatibility and ability to cross the BBB. This review aims to provide a complete and up-to-date point of view on the efficacy of the most varied lipid carriers, whether FDA-approved, involved in clinical trials, or used in in vitro or in vivo studies, for the treatment of inflammatory, cancerous, or infectious brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Susa
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy; (F.S.); (C.F.P.)
| | - Silvia Arpicco
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy;
| | - Candido Fabrizio Pirri
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy; (F.S.); (C.F.P.)
| | - Tania Limongi
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy;
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Panghal A, Flora SJS. Nanotechnology in the diagnostic and therapy for Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130559. [PMID: 38191034 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized by β-amyloid plaque, intraneuronal tangles, significant neuronal loss and cognitive deficit. Treatment in the early stages of the disease is crucial for preventing or perhaps reversing the neurodegeneration in the AD cases. However, none of the current diagnostic procedures are capable of early diagnosis of AD. Further, the available treatments merely provide symptomatic alleviation in AD and do not address the underlying illness. Therefore, there is no permanent cure for AD currently. Better therapeutic outcomes need the optimum drug concentration in the central nervous system (CNS) by traversing blood-brain-barrier (BBB). Nanotechnology offers enormous promise to transform the treatment and diagnostics of neurodegenerative diseases. Nanotechnology based diagnostic tools, drug delivery systems and theragnostic are capable of highly sensitive molecular detection, effective drug targeting and their combination. Significant work has been done in this area over the last decade and prospective results have been obtained in AD therapy. This review explores the various applications of nanotechnology in addressing the varied facets of AD, ranging from early detection to therapeutic interventions. This review also looks at how nanotechnology can help with the development of disease-modifying medicines, such as the delivery of anti-amyloid, anti-tau, cholinesterase inhibitors, antioxidants and hormonal drugs. In conclusion, this paper discusses the role of nanotechnology in the early detection of AD, effective drug targeting to the CNS and theragnostic applications in the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archna Panghal
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Panjab 160012, India
| | - S J S Flora
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Panjab 160012, India; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Era Medical University, Safarajganj, Lucknow 226003, U.P., India.
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Gao C, Liu Y, Zhang TL, Luo Y, Gao J, Chu JJ, Gong BF, Chen XH, Yin T, Zhang J, Yin Y. Biomembrane-Derived Nanoparticles in Alzheimer's Disease Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Synthetic Lipid Nanoparticles and Natural Cell-Derived Vesicles. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:7441-7468. [PMID: 38090364 PMCID: PMC10712251 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s436774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Current therapies for Alzheimer's disease used in the clinic predominantly focus on reducing symptoms with limited capability to control disease progression; thus, novel drugs are urgently needed. While nanoparticles (liposomes, high-density lipoprotein-based nanoparticles) constructed with synthetic biomembranes have shown great potential in AD therapy due to their excellent biocompatibility, multifunctionality and ability to penetrate the BBB, nanoparticles derived from natural biomembranes (extracellular vesicles, cell membrane-based nanoparticles) display inherent biocompatibility, stability, homing ability and ability to penetrate the BBB, which may present a safer and more effective treatment for AD. In this paper, we reviewed the synthetic and natural biomembrane-derived nanoparticles that are used in AD therapy. The challenges associated with the clinical translation of biomembrane-derived nanoparticles and future perspectives are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting-Lin Zhang
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- New Drug Discovery and Development, Biotheus Inc., Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Gao
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Jian Chu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bao-Feng Gong
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Han Chen
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Yin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - You Yin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Wang T, Zhou YQ, Wang Y, Zhang L, Zhu X, Wang XY, Wang JH, Han LK, Meng J, Zhang X, Luo H, Ma QL, Wang ZX, Zhang YW. Long-term potentiation-based screening identifies neuronal PYGM as a synaptic plasticity regulator participating in Alzheimer's disease. Zool Res 2023; 44:867-881. [PMID: 37537141 PMCID: PMC10559100 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2023.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic dysfunction is an important pathological hallmark and cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD). High-frequency stimulation (HFS)-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) has been widely used to study synaptic plasticity, with impaired LTP found to be associated with AD. However, the exact molecular mechanism underlying synaptic plasticity has yet to be completely elucidated. Whether genes regulating synaptic plasticity are altered in AD and contribute to disease onset also remains unclear. Herein, we induced LTP in the hippocampal CA1 region of wild-type (WT) and AD model mice by administering HFS to the CA3 region and then studied transcriptome changes in the CA1 region. We identified 89 genes that may participate in normal synaptic plasticity by screening HFS-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in mice with normal LTP, and 43 genes that may contribute to synaptic dysfunction in AD by comparing HFS-induced DEGs in mice with normal LTP and AD mice with impaired LTP. We further refined the 43 genes down to 14 by screening for genes with altered expression in pathological-stage AD mice without HFS induction. Among them, we found that the expression of Pygm, which catabolizes glycogen, was also decreased in AD patients. We further demonstrated that down-regulation of PYGM in neurons impaired synaptic plasticity and cognition in WT mice, while its overexpression attenuated synaptic dysfunction and cognitive deficits in AD mice. Moreover, we showed that PYGM directly regulated energy generation in neurons. Our study not only indicates that PYGM-mediated energy production in neurons plays an important role in synaptic function, but also provides a novel LTP-based strategy to systematically identify genes regulating synaptic plasticity under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yun-Qiang Zhou
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiu-Yan Wang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jing-Hui Wang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Lin-Kun Han
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jian Meng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Hong Luo
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Qi-Lin Ma
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Brain Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, China
| | - Zhan-Xiang Wang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Brain Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, China
| | - Yun-Wu Zhang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Brain Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Brain Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, China. E-mail:
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Singh S, Shukla R. Nanovesicular-Mediated Intranasal Drug Therapy for Neurodegenerative Disease. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:179. [PMID: 37658972 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02625-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer's, Huntington's, Parkinson's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and glioblastoma multiform are now becoming significant concerns of global health. Formulation-related issues, physiological and anatomical barriers, post-administration obstacles, physical challenges, regulatory limitations, environmental hurdles, and health and safety issues have all hindered successful delivery and effective outcomes despite a variety of treatment options. In the current review, we covered the intranasal route, an alternative strategic route targeting brain for improved delivery across the BBB. The trans-nasal pathway is non-invasive, directing therapeutics directly towards brain, circumventing the barrier and reducing peripheral exposure. The delivery of nanosized vesicles loaded with drugs was also covered in the review. Nanovesicle systems are organised in concentric bilayered lipid membranes separated with aqueous layers. These carriers surmount the disadvantages posed by intranasal delivery of rapid mucociliary clearance and enzymatic degradation, and enhance retention of drug to reach the site of target. In conclusion, the review covers in-depth conclusions on numerous aspects of formulation of drug-loaded vesicular system delivery across BBB, current marketed nasal devices, significant jeopardies, potential therapeutic aids, and current advancements followed by future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalu Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, UP, 226002, India
| | - Rahul Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, UP, 226002, India.
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Roy R, Paul R, Bhattacharya P, Borah A. Combating Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease through Nanovesicle Technology. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:2830-2848. [PMID: 37534999 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by dopaminergic neurodegeneration, resulting in dopamine depletion and motor behavior deficits. Since the discovery of L-DOPA, it has been the most prescribed drug for symptomatic relief in PD, whose prolonged use, however, causes undesirable motor fluctuations like dyskinesia and dystonia. Further, therapeutics targeting the pathological hallmarks of PD including α-synuclein aggregation, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and autophagy impairment have also been developed, yet PD treatment is a largely unmet success. The inception of the nanovesicle-based drug delivery approach over the past few decades brings add-on advantages to the therapeutic strategies for PD treatment in which nanovesicles (basically phospholipid-containing artificial structures) are used to load and deliver drugs to the target site of the body. The present review narrates the characteristic features of nanovesicles including their blood-brain barrier permeability and ability to reach dopaminergic neurons of the brain and finally discusses the current status of this technology in the treatment of PD. From the review, it becomes evident that with the assistance of nanovesicle technology, the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD pharmaceuticals, phyto-compounds, as well as that of nucleic acids targeting α-synuclein aggregation gained a significant increment. Furthermore, owing to the multiple drug-carrying abilities of nanovesicles, combination therapy targeting multiple pathogenic events of PD has also found success in preclinical studies and will plausibly lead to effective treatment strategies in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubina Roy
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
| | - Rajib Paul
- Department of Zoology, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Adarsha Mahavidyalaya (PDUAM), Eraligool, Karimganj 788723, Assam, India
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad 382355, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar 788011, Assam, India
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De La Torre AL, Huynh TN, Chang CCY, Pooler DB, Ness DB, Lewis LD, Pannem S, Feng Y, Samkoe KS, Hickey WF, Chang TY. Stealth Liposomes Encapsulating a Potent ACAT1/SOAT1 Inhibitor F12511: Pharmacokinetic, Biodistribution, and Toxicity Studies in Wild-Type Mice and Efficacy Studies in Triple Transgenic Alzheimer's Disease Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11013. [PMID: 37446191 PMCID: PMC10341764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is essential for cellular function and is stored as cholesteryl esters (CEs). CEs biosynthesis is catalyzed by the enzymes acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 1 and 2 (ACAT1 and ACAT2), with ACAT1 being the primary isoenzyme in most cells in humans. In Alzheimer's Disease, CEs accumulate in vulnerable brain regions. Therefore, ACATs may be promising targets for treating AD. F12511 is a high-affinity ACAT1 inhibitor that has passed phase 1 safety tests for antiatherosclerosis. Previously, we developed a nanoparticle system to encapsulate a large concentration of F12511 into a stealth liposome (DSPE-PEG2000 with phosphatidylcholine). Here, we injected the nanoparticle encapsulated F12511 (nanoparticle F) intravenously (IV) in wild-type mice and performed an HPLC/MS/MS analysis and ACAT enzyme activity measurement. The results demonstrated that F12511 was present within the mouse brain after a single IV but did not overaccumulate in the brain or other tissues after repeated IVs. A histological examination showed that F12511 did not cause overt neurological or systemic toxicity. We then showed that a 2-week IV delivery of nanoparticle F to aging 3xTg AD mice ameliorated amyloidopathy, reduced hyperphosphorylated tau and nonphosphorylated tau, and reduced neuroinflammation. This work lays the foundation for nanoparticle F to be used as a possible therapy for AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna L. De La Torre
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; (A.L.D.L.T.)
| | - Thao N. Huynh
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; (A.L.D.L.T.)
| | - Catherine C. Y. Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; (A.L.D.L.T.)
| | - Darcy B. Pooler
- Clinical Pharmacology Shared Resource, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
| | - Dylan B. Ness
- Clinical Pharmacology Shared Resource, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
| | - Lionel D. Lewis
- Clinical Pharmacology Shared Resource, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA
| | - Sanjana Pannem
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; (S.P.); (Y.F.)
| | - Yichen Feng
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; (S.P.); (Y.F.)
| | - Kimberley S. Samkoe
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; (S.P.); (Y.F.)
| | - William F. Hickey
- Department of Pathology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA;
| | - Ta Yuan Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; (A.L.D.L.T.)
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Surface-modified lipid nanocarriers for crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB): a current overview of active targeting in brain diseases. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 221:112999. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Andrade S, Loureiro JA, Pereira MC. Transferrin-Functionalized Liposomes for the Delivery of Gallic Acid: A Therapeutic Approach for Alzheimer’s Disease. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102163. [PMID: 36297599 PMCID: PMC9609970 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Senile plaques composed of amyloid β (Aβ) fibrils are considered the leading cause of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Molecules with the ability to inhibit Aβ aggregation and/or promote Aβ clearance are thus a promising approach for AD therapy. Our group recently demonstrated that gallic acid (GA) has strong anti-amyloidogenic properties. In this study, stealth liposomes were prepared for the delivery of GA for AD therapy. The liposomes were functionalized with transferrin (Tf) to direct them to the brain, since Tf receptors are overexpressed in the endothelial cells of the blood–brain barrier. GA-loaded Tf-functionalized liposomes showed mean diameters of 130 nm, low polydispersity index values, and neutral zeta potential. Moreover, the produced nanocarriers promoted the sustained release of GA over 5 days and are physically stable for 1 month under storage conditions. Furthermore, GA-loaded Tf-functionalized liposomes showed a strong ability to interact with Aβ1-42 monomers, slowing down the Aβ monomer-to-oligomer and oligomer-to-fibril transitions and decreasing the number of fibrils formed by 56%. In addition, the NPs disaggregated approximately 30% of preformed Aβ fibrils. The presented results suggest that Tf-functionalized liposomes could be a viable platform for the brain delivery of GA for AD therapy. Studies with animal models of AD will be valuable for validating the therapeutic efficacy of this novel liposomal formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Andrade
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana A. Loureiro
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.A.L.); (M.C.P.)
| | - Maria C. Pereira
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.A.L.); (M.C.P.)
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Roy R, Bhattacharya P, Borah A. Targeting the Pathological Hallmarks of Alzheimer's Disease Through Nanovesicleaided Drug Delivery Approach. Curr Drug Metab 2022; 23:693-707. [PMID: 35619248 DOI: 10.2174/1389200223666220526094802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nanovesicle technology is making a huge contribution to the progress of treatment studies for various diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is the leading neurodegenerative disorder characterized by severe cognitive impairment. Despite the prevalence of several forms of anti-AD drugs, the accelerating pace of AD incidence cannot becurbed, and for rescue, nanovesicle technology has grabbed much attention. METHODOLOGY Comprehensive literature search was carried out using relevant keywords and online database platforms. The main concepts that have been covered included a complex pathomechanism underlying increased acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity, β-amyloid aggregation, and tau-hyperphosphorylation forming neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain, which are amongst the major hallmarks of AD pathology. Therapeutic recommendations exist in the form of AchE inhibitors, along with anti-amyloid and anti-tau therapeutics, which are being explored at a high pace. The degree of the therapeutic outcome, however, gets restricted by the pharmacological limitations. Susceptibility to peripheral metabolism and rapid elimination, inefficiency to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and reach the target brain site are the factors that lower the biostability and bioavailability of anti-AD drugs. The nanovesicle technology has emerged as a route to preserve the therapeutic efficiency of the anti-AD drugs and promote AD treatment. The review hereby aims to summarize the developments made by the nanovesicle technology in aiding the delivery of synthetic and plant-based therapeutics targeting the molecular mechanism of AD pathology. CONCLUSION Nanovesicles appear to efficiently aid in target-specific delivery of anti-AD therapeutics and nullify the drawbacks posed by free drugs, besides reducing the dosage requirement and the adversities associated. In addition, the nanovesicle technology also appears to uplift the therapeutic potential of several phyto-compounds with immense anti-AD properties. Furthermore, the review also sheds light on future perspectives to mend the gaps that prevail in the nanovesicle-mediated drug delivery in AD treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubina Roy
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar- 788011, Assam, India
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad - 382355, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar- 788011, Assam, India
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Chopra H, Bibi S, Singh I, Kamal MA, Islam F, Alhumaydhi FA, Emran TB, Cavalu S. Nanomedicines in the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease: Current View and Future Prospects. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:879114. [PMID: 35875806 PMCID: PMC9304964 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.879114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a kind of dementia that creates serious challenges for sufferers’ memory, thinking, and behavior. It commonly targeting the aging population and decay the brain cells, despite attempts have been performed to enhance AD diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. Hence, AD remains incurable owing to its complex and multifactorial consequences and still there is lack of appropriate diagnostics/therapeutics option for this severe brain disorder. Therefore, nanotechnology is currently bringing new tools and insights to improve the previous knowledge of AD and ultimately may provide a novel treatment option and a ray of hope to AD patients. Here in this review, we highlighted the nanotechnologies-based findings for AD, in both diagnostic and therapeutic aspects and explained how advances in the field of nanotechnology/nanomedicine could enhance patient prognosis and quality of life. It is highly expected these emerging technologies could bring a research-based revolution in the field of neurodegenerative disorders and may assist their clinical experiments and develop an efficacious drug for AD also. The main aim of review is to showcase readers the recent advances in nanotechnology-based approaches for treatment and diagnosing of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Shabana Bibi
- Department of Biosciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Shabana Bibi,
| | - Inderbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Enzymoics, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, Australia
| | - Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Talha Bin Emran,
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
- Simona Cavalu,
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