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Xu Q, Xi Y, Wang L, Du Z, Xu M, Ruan T, Cao J, Zheng K, Wang X, Yang B, Liu J. An Opto-electrophysiology Neural Probe with Photoelectric Artifact-Free for Advanced Single-Neuron Analysis. ACS NANO 2024; 18:25193-25204. [PMID: 39193830 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c07379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Opto-electrophysiology neural probes targeting single-cell levels offer an important avenue for elucidating the intrinsic mechanisms of the nervous system using different physical quantities, representing a significant future direction for brain-computer interface (BCI) devices. However, the highly integrated structure poses significant challenges to fabrication processes and the presence of photoelectric artifacts complicates the extraction and analysis of target signals. Here, we propose a highly miniaturized and integrated opto-electrophysiology neural probe for electrical recording and optical stimulation at the single-cell/subcellular level. The design of a total internal reflection layer addresses the photoelectric artifacts that are more pronounced in single-cell devices compared to conventional implantable BCI devices. Finite element simulations and electrical signal tests demonstrate that the opto-electrophysiology neural probe eliminates the photoelectric artifacts in the time domain, which represents a significant breakthrough for optoelectrical integrated BCI devices. Our proposed opto-electrophysiology neural probe holds substantial potential for promoting the development of in vivo BCI devices and developing advanced therapeutic strategies for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingda Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- DCI Joint Team, Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ye Xi
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- DCI Joint Team, Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Longchun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhiyuan Du
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- DCI Joint Team, Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Mengfei Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- DCI Joint Team, Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tao Ruan
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- DCI Joint Team, Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiawei Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- DCI Joint Team, Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kunyu Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- DCI Joint Team, Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bin Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jingquan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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2
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Zhang X, Wu ZQ, Zheng YW, Song J, Zhao WW, Xu JJ. Bridging Ionic Current Rectification and Resistive-Pulse Sensing for Reliable Wide-Linearity Detection. Anal Chem 2024; 96:6444-6449. [PMID: 38597812 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
As two mainstream ionic detection techniques, ionic current rectification (ICR) suffers from large fluctuations in trace level detection, while resistive-pulse sensing (RPS) encounters easy clogs in high-concentration detection. By rationally matching the nanopore size with the DNA tetrahedron (TDN), this work bridges the two techniques to achieve reliable detection with wide linearity. As a representative analyte, miRNA-10b could specifically combine with and release TDN from the interior wall, which thus induced the simultaneous generation of distinct ICR and RPS signals. The ICR signals could be attributed to the balance between the effective orifice and surface charge density of the inner wall, while the RPS signals were induced by the complex of miRNA-10b and TDN passing through the nanopore. Such an operation contributed to a wide detection range of 1 fM-1 nM with a good linearity. The feasibility of this method is also validated in single-cell and real plasma detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zeng-Qiang Wu
- School of Public Health, Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - You-Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Juan Song
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Wei-Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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3
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Laucirica G, Toum-Terrones Y, Cayón VM, Toimil-Molares ME, Azzaroni O, Marmisollé WA. Advances in nanofluidic field-effect transistors: external voltage-controlled solid-state nanochannels for stimulus-responsive ion transport and beyond. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:10471-10493. [PMID: 38506166 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06142f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Ion channels, intricate protein structures facilitating precise ion passage across cell membranes, are pivotal for vital cellular functions. Inspired by the remarkable capabilities of biological ion channels, the scientific community has ventured into replicating these principles in fully abiotic solid-state nanochannels (SSNs). Since the gating mechanisms of SSNs rely on variations in the physicochemical properties of the channel surface, the modification of their internal architecture and chemistry constitutes a powerful strategy to control the transport properties and, consequently, render specific functionalities. In this framework, both the design of the nanofluidic platform and the subsequent selection and attachment of different building blocks gain special attention. Similar to biological ion channels, functional SSNs offer the potential to finely modulate ion transport in response to various stimuli, leading to innovations in a variety of fields. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate world of ion transport across stimuli-responsive SSNs, focusing on the development of external voltage-controlled nanofluidic devices. This kind of field-effect nanofluidic technology has attracted special interest due to the possibility of real-time reconfiguration of the ion transport with a non-invasive strategy. These properties have found interesting applications in drug delivery, biosensing, and nanoelectronics. This document will address the fundamental principles of ion transport through SSNs and the construction, modification, and applications of external voltage-controlled SSNs. It will also address future challenges and prospects, offering a comprehensive perspective on this evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Laucirica
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET - CC 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Y Toum-Terrones
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET - CC 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - V M Cayón
- Department of Materials- and Geosciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - M E Toimil-Molares
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Materials- and Geosciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - O Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET - CC 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - W A Marmisollé
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET - CC 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
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4
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Toyos-Rodríguez C, Valero-Calvo D, Iglesias-Mayor A, de la Escosura-Muñiz A. Effect of nanoporous membranes thickness in electrochemical biosensing performance: application for the detection of a wound infection biomarker. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1310084. [PMID: 38464543 PMCID: PMC10921427 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1310084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Nanoporous alumina membranes present a honeycomb-like structure characterized by two main parameters involved in their performance in electrochemical immunosening: pore diameter and pore thickness. Although this first one has been deeply studied, the effect of pore thickness in electrochemical-based nanopore immunosensors has been less taken into consideration. Methods: In this work, the influence of the thickness of nanoporous membranes in the steric blockage is studied for the first time, through the formation of an immunocomplex in their inner walls. Finally, the optimal nanoporous membranes were applied to the detection of catalase, an enzyme related with chronic wound infection and healing. Results: Nanoporous alumina membranes with a fixed pore diameter (60 nm) and variable pore thicknesses (40, 60, 100 μm) have been constructed and evaluated as immunosensing platform for protein detection. Our results show that membranes with a thickness of 40 μm provide a higher sensitivity and lower limit-of-detection (LOD) compared to thicker membranes. This performance is even improved when compared to commercial membranes (with 20 nm pore diameter and 60 μm pore thickness), when applied for human IgG as model analyte. A label-free immunosensor using a monoclonal antibody against anti-catalase was also constructed, allowing the detection of catalase in the range of 50-500 ng/mL and with a LOD of 1.5 ng/mL. The viability of the constructed sensor in real samples was also tested by spiking artificial wound infection solutions, providing recovery values of 110% and 118%. Discussion: The results obtained in this work evidence the key relevance of the nanochannel thickness in the biosensing performance. Such findings will illuminate nanoporous membrane biosensing research, considering thickness as a relevant parameter in electrochemical-based nanoporous membrane sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Toyos-Rodríguez
- NanoBioAnalysis Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Biotechnology Institute of Asturias, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - D. Valero-Calvo
- NanoBioAnalysis Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Biotechnology Institute of Asturias, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - A. Iglesias-Mayor
- NanoBioAnalysis Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Biotechnology Institute of Asturias, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - A. de la Escosura-Muñiz
- NanoBioAnalysis Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Biotechnology Institute of Asturias, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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5
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Cai S, Ren R, He J, Wang X, Zhang Z, Luo Z, Tan W, Korchev Y, Edel JB, Ivanov AP. Selective Single-Molecule Nanopore Detection of mpox A29 Protein Directly in Biofluids. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11438-11446. [PMID: 38051760 PMCID: PMC10755749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule antigen detection using nanopores offers a promising alternative for accurate virus testing to contain their transmission. However, the selective and efficient identification of small viral proteins directly in human biofluids remains a challenge. Here, we report a nanopore sensing strategy based on a customized DNA molecular probe that combines an aptamer and an antibody to enhance the single-molecule detection of mpox virus (MPXV) A29 protein, a small protein with an M.W. of ca. 14 kDa. The formation of the aptamer-target-antibody sandwich structures enables efficient identification of targets when translocating through the nanopore. This technique can accurately detect A29 protein with a limit of detection of ∼11 fM and can distinguish the MPXV A29 from vaccinia virus A27 protein (a difference of only four amino acids) and Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) protein directly in biofluids. The simplicity, high selectivity, and sensitivity of this approach have the potential to contribute to the diagnosis of viruses in point-of-care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglin Cai
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular
Science Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, U.K.
| | - Ren Ren
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular
Science Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, U.K.
- Department
of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith
Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, U.K.
- Nano
Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa
University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Jiaxuan He
- The
Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics,
Aptamer Selection Center, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular
Science Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, U.K.
| | - Zheng Zhang
- The
Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics,
Aptamer Selection Center, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Zhaofeng Luo
- The
Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics,
Aptamer Selection Center, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Weihong Tan
- The
Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics,
Aptamer Selection Center, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Yuri Korchev
- Department
of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith
Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, U.K.
- Nano
Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa
University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Joshua B. Edel
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular
Science Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, U.K.
| | - Aleksandar P. Ivanov
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular
Science Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, U.K.
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6
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Koch C, Reilly-O'Donnell B, Gutierrez R, Lucarelli C, Ng FS, Gorelik J, Ivanov AP, Edel JB. Nanopore sequencing of DNA-barcoded probes for highly multiplexed detection of microRNA, proteins and small biomarkers. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:1483-1491. [PMID: 37749222 PMCID: PMC10716039 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01479-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
There is an unmet need to develop low-cost, rapid and highly multiplexed diagnostic technology platforms for quantitatively detecting blood biomarkers to advance clinical diagnostics beyond the single biomarker model. Here we perform nanopore sequencing of DNA-barcoded molecular probes engineered to recognize a panel of analytes. This allows for highly multiplexed and simultaneous quantitative detection of at least 40 targets, such as microRNAs, proteins and neurotransmitters, on the basis of the translocation dynamics of each probe as it passes through a nanopore. Our workflow is built around a commercially available MinION sequencing device, offering a one-hour turnaround time from sample preparation to results. We also demonstrate that the strategy can directly detect cardiovascular disease-associated microRNA from human serum without extraction or amplification. Due to the modularity of barcoded probes, the number and type of targets detected can be significantly expanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Koch
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Science Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Benedict Reilly-O'Donnell
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Science Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, ICTEM, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Carla Lucarelli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, ICTEM, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Fu Siong Ng
- National Heart and Lung Institute, ICTEM, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Julia Gorelik
- National Heart and Lung Institute, ICTEM, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Aleksandar P Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Science Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Joshua B Edel
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Science Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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7
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Ren R, Cai S, Fang X, Wang X, Zhang Z, Damiani M, Hudlerova C, Rosa A, Hope J, Cook NJ, Gorelkin P, Erofeev A, Novak P, Badhan A, Crone M, Freemont P, Taylor GP, Tang L, Edwards C, Shevchuk A, Cherepanov P, Luo Z, Tan W, Korchev Y, Ivanov AP, Edel JB. Multiplexed detection of viral antigen and RNA using nanopore sensing and encoded molecular probes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7362. [PMID: 37963924 PMCID: PMC10646045 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We report on single-molecule nanopore sensing combined with position-encoded DNA molecular probes, with chemistry tuned to simultaneously identify various antigen proteins and multiple RNA gene fragments of SARS-CoV-2 with high sensitivity and selectivity. We show that this sensing strategy can directly detect spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins in unprocessed human saliva. Moreover, our approach enables the identification of RNA fragments from patient samples using nasal/throat swabs, enabling the identification of critical mutations such as D614G, G446S, or Y144del among viral variants. In particular, it can detect and discriminate between SARS-CoV-2 lineages of wild-type B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.617.2 (Delta), and B.1.1.539 (Omicron) within a single measurement without the need for nucleic acid sequencing. The sensing strategy of the molecular probes is easily adaptable to other viral targets and diseases and can be expanded depending on the application required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Shenglin Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Xiaona Fang
- The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Aptamer Selection Center, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 310022, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Zheng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Aptamer Selection Center, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 310022, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Micol Damiani
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Charlotte Hudlerova
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Annachiara Rosa
- The Chromatin Structure and Mobile DNA Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Wolfson Education Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Joshua Hope
- The Chromatin Structure and Mobile DNA Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Nicola J Cook
- The Chromatin Structure and Mobile DNA Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Peter Gorelkin
- National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Leninskiy Prospect 4, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Erofeev
- National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Leninskiy Prospect 4, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel Novak
- ICAPPIC Limited, The Fisheries, Mentmore Terrace, London, E8 3PN, UK
| | - Anjna Badhan
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Section of Virology, Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Crone
- Section of Structural and Synthetic Biology, Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paul Freemont
- Section of Structural and Synthetic Biology, Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Graham P Taylor
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Section of Virology, Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Longhua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, China
| | - Christopher Edwards
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- ICAPPIC Limited, The Fisheries, Mentmore Terrace, London, E8 3PN, UK
| | - Andrew Shevchuk
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Peter Cherepanov
- The Chromatin Structure and Mobile DNA Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
- Molecular Diagnostic Unit, Section of Virology, Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Zhaofeng Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Aptamer Selection Center, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 310022, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Aptamer Selection Center, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 310022, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yuri Korchev
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Aleksandar P Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Joshua B Edel
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
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8
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Sun LZ, Ying YJ. Moving dynamics of a nanorobot with three DNA legs on nanopore-based tracks. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:15794-15809. [PMID: 37740362 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03747a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
DNA nanorobots have garnered increasing attention in recent years due to their unique advantages of modularity and algorithm simplicity. To accomplish specific tasks in complex environments, various walking strategies are required for the DNA legs of the nanorobot. In this paper, we employ computational simulations to investigate a well-designed DNA-legged nanorobot moving along a nanopore-based track on a planar membrane. The nanorobot consists of a large nanoparticle as the robot core and three single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) as the robot legs. The nanopores linearly embedded in the membrane serve as the toeholds for the robot legs. A charge gradient along the pore distribution mainly powers the activation of the nanorobot. The nanorobot can move in two modes: a walking mode, where the robot legs sequentially enter the nanopores, and a jumping mode, where the robot legs may skip a nanopore to reach the next one. Moreover, we observe that the moving dynamics of the nanorobot on the nanopore-based tracks depends on pore-pore distance, pore charge gradient, external voltage, and leg length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Zhen Sun
- Department of Applied Physics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Yao-Jun Ying
- Department of Applied Physics, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
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9
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Yasuura M, Tan ZL, Horiguchi Y, Ashiba H, Fukuda T. Improvement of Sensitivity and Speed of Virus Sensing Technologies Using nm- and μm-Scale Components. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:6830. [PMID: 37571612 PMCID: PMC10422600 DOI: 10.3390/s23156830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Various viral diseases can be widespread and cause severe disruption to global society. Highly sensitive virus detection methods are needed to take effective measures to prevent the spread of viral infection. This required the development of rapid virus detection technology to detect viruses at low concentrations, even in the biological fluid of patients in the early stages of the disease or environmental samples. This review describes an overview of various virus detection technologies and then refers to typical technologies such as beads-based assay, digital assay, and pore-based sensing, which are the three modern approaches to improve the performance of viral sensing in terms of speed and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Yasuura
- Sensing System Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Ibaraki, Japan; (Z.L.T.); (Y.H.); (H.A.); (T.F.)
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10
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Ahmed SA, Li W, Xing XL, Pan XT, Xi K, Li CY, Wang K, Xia XH. Ammonia-Induced Anomalous Ion Transport in Covalent Organic Framework Nanochannels. ACS Sens 2023; 8:2179-2185. [PMID: 37245157 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
More anomalous transport behaviors have been observed with the rapid progress in nanofabrication technology and characterization tools. The ions/molecules inside nanochannels can act dramatically different from those in the bulk systems and exhibit novel mechanisms. Here, we have reported the fabrication of a nanodevice, covalent organic frameworks covered theta pipette (CTP), that combine the advantages of theta pipette (TP), nanochannels framework, and field-effect transistors (FETs) for controlling and modulating the anomalous transport. Our results show that ammonia, a weak base, causes a continuous supply of ions inside covalent organic framework (COF) nanochannels, leading to an abnormally high current depending on the ionic/molecular size and the pore size of the nanochannel. Furthermore, CTP can distinguish different concentrations of ammonia and have all of the qualities of a nanosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud Asif Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518114, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Lei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Tong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Kai Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Yong Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518114, Guangdong, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P. R. China
| | - Kang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Hua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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11
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Tovar-Lopez FJ. Recent Progress in Micro- and Nanotechnology-Enabled Sensors for Biomedical and Environmental Challenges. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:5406. [PMID: 37420577 DOI: 10.3390/s23125406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Micro- and nanotechnology-enabled sensors have made remarkable advancements in the fields of biomedicine and the environment, enabling the sensitive and selective detection and quantification of diverse analytes. In biomedicine, these sensors have facilitated disease diagnosis, drug discovery, and point-of-care devices. In environmental monitoring, they have played a crucial role in assessing air, water, and soil quality, as well as ensured food safety. Despite notable progress, numerous challenges persist. This review article addresses recent developments in micro- and nanotechnology-enabled sensors for biomedical and environmental challenges, focusing on enhancing basic sensing techniques through micro/nanotechnology. Additionally, it explores the applications of these sensors in addressing current challenges in both biomedical and environmental domains. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for further research to expand the detection capabilities of sensors/devices, enhance sensitivity and selectivity, integrate wireless communication and energy-harvesting technologies, and optimize sample preparation, material selection, and automated components for sensor design, fabrication, and characterization.
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12
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Lyu Y, An L, Zeng H, Zheng F, Guo J, Zhang P, Yang H, Li H. First-passage time analysis of diffusion-controlled reactions in single-molecule detection. Talanta 2023; 260:124569. [PMID: 37116360 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule detection (SMD) aims to achieve the ultimate limit-of-detection (LOD) in biosensing. This method detects a countable number of targeted analyte molecules in solution, where the dynamics of molecule diffusion, capturing, identification and delivery greatly impact the SMD's efficiency and accuracy. In this study, we adopt the first-passage time method to investigate the diffusion-controlled reaction process in SMD. We analyze the influence of detection conditions on incubation time and the expected coefficient of variation (CV) under three SMD molecule capturing strategies, including solid-phase capturing (one-dimensional solid-liquid interface fixation), liquid-phase magnetic bead (MB) capturing, and liquid-phase direct fluorescence pair labeling. We find that inside a finite-sized reaction chamber, a finite average reaction time exists in all three capturing strategies, while the liquid-phase strategies are in general more efficient than the solid-phase approaches. CV can be estimated by averaging first-passage time solely in all three strategies, and the CV reduction is achievable given an extended reaction time. To further enable zeptomolar detection, extra treatments, such as adopting liquid-phase fluorescence pairs with high diffusion rates to label the molecule, or designing specific sensing devices with large effective sensing areas would be required. This framework provides solid theoretical support to guide the design of SMD sensing strategies and sensor structures to achieve desired measurement time and CV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingkai Lyu
- National Innovation Center for Advanced Medical Devices, Shenzhen, China; Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lixiang An
- National Innovation Center for Advanced Medical Devices, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huaiyang Zeng
- National Innovation Center for Advanced Medical Devices, Shenzhen, China; Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng Zheng
- National Innovation Center for Advanced Medical Devices, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiajia Guo
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Li
- National Innovation Center for Advanced Medical Devices, Shenzhen, China.
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13
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Wang X, Thomas TM, Ren R, Zhou Y, Zhang P, Li J, Cai S, Liu K, Ivanov AP, Herrmann A, Edel JB. Nanopore Detection Using Supercharged Polypeptide Molecular Carriers. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6371-6382. [PMID: 36897933 PMCID: PMC10037339 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The analysis at the single-molecule level of proteins and their interactions can provide critical information for understanding biological processes and diseases, particularly for proteins present in biological samples with low copy numbers. Nanopore sensing is an analytical technique that allows label-free detection of single proteins in solution and is ideally suited to applications, such as studying protein-protein interactions, biomarker screening, drug discovery, and even protein sequencing. However, given the current spatiotemporal limitations in protein nanopore sensing, challenges remain in controlling protein translocation through a nanopore and relating protein structures and functions with nanopore readouts. Here, we demonstrate that supercharged unstructured polypeptides (SUPs) can be genetically fused with proteins of interest and used as molecular carriers to facilitate nanopore detection of proteins. We show that cationic SUPs can substantially slow down the translocation of target proteins due to their electrostatic interactions with the nanopore surface. This approach enables the differentiation of individual proteins with different sizes and shapes via characteristic subpeaks in the nanopore current, thus facilitating a viable route to use polypeptide molecular carriers to control molecular transport and as a potential system to study protein-protein interactions at the single-molecule level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Tina-Marie Thomas
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ren Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, London W12 0BZ, U.K
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, U.K
| | - Yu Zhou
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Shenglin Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Kai Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Aleksandar P Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Joshua B Edel
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, London W12 0BZ, U.K
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14
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Kim D, Byun S, Pu Y, Huh H, Jung Y, Kim S, Lee KY. Design of a Current Sensing System with TIA Gain of 160 dBΩ and Input-Referred Noise of 1.8 pA rms for Biosensor. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3019. [PMID: 36991734 PMCID: PMC10051069 DOI: 10.3390/s23063019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a high-gain low-noise current signal detection system for biosensors. When the biomaterial is attached to the biosensor, the current flowing through the bias voltage is changed so that the biomaterial can be sensed. A resistive feedback transimpedance amplifier (TIA) is used for the biosensor requiring a bias voltage. Current changes in the biosensor can be checked by plotting the current value of the biosensor in real time on the self-made graphical user interface (GUI). Even if the bias voltage changes, the input voltage of the analog to digital converter (ADC) does not change, so it is designed to plot the current of the biosensor accurately and stably. In particular, for multi-biosensors with an array structure, a method of automatically calibrating the current between biosensors by controlling the gate bias voltage of the biosensors is proposed. Input-referred noise is reduced using a high-gain TIA and chopper technique. The proposed circuit achieves 1.8 pArms input-referred noise with a gain of 160 dBΩ and is implemented in a TSMC 130 nm CMOS process. The chip area is 2.3 mm2, and the power consumption of the current sensing system is 12 mW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donggyu Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjun Byun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKAIChips Co., Ltd., Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Younggun Pu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKAIChips Co., Ltd., Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungki Huh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKAIChips Co., Ltd., Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjae Jung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKAIChips Co., Ltd., Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokkee Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKAIChips Co., Ltd., Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Yoon Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKAIChips Co., Ltd., Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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15
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Shi XM, Xu YT, Zhou BY, Wang B, Yu SY, Zhao WW, Jiang D, Chen HY, Xu JJ. Electrochemical Single-Cell Protein Therapeutics Using a Double-Barrel Nanopipette. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215801. [PMID: 36550087 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell protein therapeutics is expected to promote our in-depth understanding of how a specific protein with a therapeutic dosage treats the cell without population averaging. However, it has not yet been tackled by current single-cell nanotools. We address this challenge by the use of a double-barrel nanopipette, in which one lumen was used for electroosmotic cytosolic protein delivery and the other was customized for ionic evaluation of the consequence. Upon injection of protein DJ-1 through the delivery lumen, upregulation of the antioxidant protein could protect neural PC-12 cells against oxidative stress from phorbol myristate acetate exposure, as deduced by targeting of the cytosolic hydrogen peroxide by the detecting lumen. The nanotool developed in this study for single-cell protein therapeutics provides a perspective for future single-cell therapeutics involving different therapeutic modalities, such as peptides, enzymes and nucleic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Mei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yi-Tong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bing-Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Si-Yuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei-Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Dechen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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16
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Wang Y, Zhu Z, Yu C, Wu R, Zhu J, Li B. Lego-Like Catalytic Hairpin Assembly Enables Controllable DNA-Oligomer Formation and Spatiotemporal Amplification in Single Molecular Signaling. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206283. [PMID: 36436946 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
While the solid-state nanopore shows increasing potential during sensitive and label-free single molecular analysis, target concentration and signal amplification method is in urgent need. In this article, a solution via designing a model nucleic acid circuit reaction that can produce "Y" shape-structure three-way DNA oligomers with controllable size and polymerization degree is proposed. Such a so-called lego-like three-way catalytic hairpin assembly (LK-3W-CHA) can provide both concentration amplification (via CHA circuit) and programmable size control (via lego-like building mode) to enhance spatiotemporal resolution in single molecular sensing of solid-state nanopore. Oligomers containing 1-4 DNA three-way junctions (Y monomers, Y1-Y4) are designed in proof-of-concept experiments and applications. When the oligomers are applied to direct translocation measurements, Y2-Y4 can significantly increase the signal resolution and stability than that of Y1. Meanwhile, Y1 to Y4 can be used as the tags on the long DNA carrier to provide very legible secondary signals for specific identification, multiple assays, and information storage. Compared with other possible tags, Y1-Y4 provides higher signal density and amplitude, and quasi-linear "inner reference" for each other, which may provide more systematic, reliable, and controllable experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesheng Wang
- State Key Lab of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhentong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bioelectrochemistry & Environmental Analysis of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China
| | - Chunmiao Yu
- State Key Lab of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Ruiping Wu
- State Key Lab of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jinbo Zhu
- Cavendish Lab, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Bingling Li
- State Key Lab of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
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17
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Cao M, Zhang L, Tang H, Qiu X, Li Y. Single-Molecule Investigation of the Protein-Aptamer Interactions and Sensing Application Inside the Single Glass Nanopore. Anal Chem 2022; 94:17405-17412. [PMID: 36475604 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state nanopores offer a nanoconfined space for a single-molecule sensing strategy. Evaluating the behavior of proteins and protein-related interactions at the single-molecule level is becoming more and more important for a better understanding of biological processes and diseases. In this work, the aptamer-functionalized nanopore was prepared as the sensing platform for kinetic analysis of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) with its aptamers, which is an important cancer biomarker. CEA molecules were captured by the aptamers immobilized on the inner surface of the nanopore, and there was a complicated interaction between the CEA molecules and the aptamer, which is the process of association and dissociation. This could be used to measure the dynamics of aptamer-protein interactions without labeling. The kinetic analysis could be evaluated at the single-molecule level to interpret the dissociation constants of the binding and dissociation processes. Results showed that the translocation of CEA molecules in a functionalized nanopore had a deep blockades degree and long duration compared with nanopore modified with bare gold, which could be used for CEA sensing. This protein and protein-related interaction we designed provides new insights for evaluating the binding affinity, which will be beneficial for protein sensing and immunoassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengya Cao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran Tang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Qiu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxin Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu241000, People's Republic of China
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18
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Shao C, Yu Y, Fan Q, Wang X, Ye F. Polyurethane-polypyrrole hybrid structural color films for dual-signal mechanics sensing. SMART MEDICINE 2022; 1:e20220008. [PMID: 39188741 PMCID: PMC11235726 DOI: 10.1002/smmd.20220008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
The monitoring of mechanical indexes involved in body movement has attracted immense interest in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we present a hybrid flexible conductive structural color (SC) film with the capability of dual-signal mechanics screening. The film is constructed by oxidatively polymerizing pyrrole on the surface of an inverse opal polyurethane (IPU) membrane, which can be utilized to measure the mechanical indexes through resistance change. Owing to the inverse opal structure, the film shows visual structural color change when stretched and released according to the body movement. Additionally, the highly uniform ordered porous structure endows the conductive film with a lower coefficient of variance on relative resistance change. Benefiting from these features, we have demonstrated that such a flexible conductive SC film could monitor Parkinson's disease (PD) by detecting mechanical indexes simultaneously via dual signals. These features indicate the great value of the stretchable conductive SC films in mechanics sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changmin Shao
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health)Wenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yunru Yu
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health)Wenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Qihui Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health)Wenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiangChina
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Fangfu Ye
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health)Wenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiangChina
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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19
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Shi XM, Liu FQ, Wang B, Yu SY, Xu YT, Zhao WW, Jiang D, Chen HY, Xu JJ. Functional nucleic acid engineered double-barreled nanopores for measuring sodium to potassium ratio at single-cell level. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2022; 2:20220025. [PMID: 37325507 PMCID: PMC10190848 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20220025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of double-barreled nanopipette (θ-nanopipette) to electrically sample, manipulate, or detect biomaterials has recently seen strong growth in single-cell studies, driven by the potential of the nanodevices and applications that they may enable. Considering the pivotal roles of Na/K ratio (RNa/K) at cellular level, herein we describe an engineered θ-nanopipette for measuring single-cell RNa/K. The two independently addressable nanopores, located within one nanotip, allow respective customization of functional nucleic acids but simultaneous deciphering of Na and K levels inside a single cell of a non-Faradic manner. Two ionic current rectification signals, corresponding to the Na- and K-specific smart DNA responses, could be easily used to derive the RNa/K. The applicability of this nanotool is validated by practical probing intracellular RNa/K during the drug-induced primary stage of apoptotic volume decrease. Especially, the RNa/K has been shown by our nanotool to be different in cell lines with different metastatic potential. This work is expected to contribute to futuristic study of single-cell RNa/K in various physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Mei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Fang-Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Si-Yuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Dechen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing P. R. China
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20
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Xiao Y, Ren J, Wang Y, Chen X, Zhou S, Li M, Gao F, Liang L, Wang D, Ren G, Wang L. De novo profiling of insect-resistant proteins of rice via nanopore peptide differentiation. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 212:114415. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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Di Muccio G, Morozzo della Rocca B, Chinappi M. Geometrically Induced Selectivity and Unidirectional Electroosmosis in Uncharged Nanopores. ACS NANO 2022; 16:8716-8728. [PMID: 35587777 PMCID: PMC9245180 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c03017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Selectivity toward positive and negative ions in nanopores is often associated with electroosmotic flow, the control of which is pivotal in several micro-nanofluidic technologies. Selectivity is traditionally understood to be a consequence of surface charges that alter the ion distribution in the pore lumen. Here we present a purely geometrical mechanism to induce ionic selectivity and electroosmotic flow in uncharged nanopores, and we tested it via molecular dynamics simulations. Our approach exploits the accumulation of charges, driven by an external electric field, in a coaxial cavity that decorates the membrane close to the pore entrance. The selectivity was shown to depend on the applied voltage and becomes completely inverted when reversing the voltage. The simultaneous inversion of ionic selectivity and electric field direction causes a unidirectional electroosmotic flow. We developed a quantitatively accurate theoretical model for designing pore geometry to achieve the desired electroosmotic velocity. Finally, we show that unidirectional electroosmosis also occurs in much more complex scenarios, such as a biological pore whose structure presents a coaxial cavity surrounding the pore constriction as well as a complex surface charge pattern. The capability to induce ion selectivity without altering the pore lumen shape or the surface charge may be useful for a more flexible design of selective membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Di Muccio
- Dipartimento
di Ingegneria Industriale, Università
di Roma Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Blasco Morozzo della Rocca
- Dipartimento
di Biologia, Università di Roma Tor
Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Chinappi
- Dipartimento
di Ingegneria Industriale, Università
di Roma Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
- E-mail:
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22
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Hu YL, Hua Y, Pan ZQ, Qian JH, Yu XY, Bao N, Huo XL, Wu ZQ, Xia XH. PNP Nanofluidic Transistor with Actively Tunable Current Response and Ionic Signal Amplification. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:3678-3684. [PMID: 35442043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by electronic transistors, electric field gating has been adopted to manipulate ionic currents of smart nanofluidic devices. Here, we report a PNP nanofluidic bipolar junction transistor (nBJT) consisting of one polyaniline (PANI) layer sandwiched between two polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nanoporous membranes. The PNP nBJT exhibits three different responses of currents (quasi-linear, rectification, and sigmoid) due to the counterbalance between surface charge distribution and base voltage applied in the nanofluidic channels; thus, they can be switched by base voltage. Four operating modes (cutoff, active, saturation, and breakdown mode) occur in the collector response currents. Under optimal conditions, the PNP nBJT exhibits an average current gain of up to 95 in 100 mM KCl solution at a low base voltage of 0.2 V. The present nBJT is promising for fabrication of nanofluidic devices with logical-control functions for analysis of single molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lin Hu
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
| | - Yu Hua
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
| | - Zhong-Qin Pan
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
| | - Jia-Han Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
| | - Ning Bao
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Huo
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
| | - Zeng-Qiang Wu
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
| | - Xing-Hua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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23
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Abstract
Despite tremendous gains over the past decade, methods for characterizing proteins have generally lagged behind those for nucleic acids, which are characterized by extremely high sensitivity, dynamic range, and throughput. However, the ability to directly characterize proteins at nucleic acid levels would address critical biological challenges such as more sensitive medical diagnostics, deeper protein quantification, large-scale measurement, and discovery of alternate protein isoforms and modifications and would open new paths to single-cell proteomics. In response to this need, there has been a push to radically improve protein sequencing technologies by taking inspiration from high-throughput nucleic acid sequencing, with a particular focus on developing practical methods for single-molecule protein sequencing (SMPS). SMPS technologies fall generally into three categories: sequencing by degradation (e.g., mass spectrometry or fluorosequencing), sequencing by transit (e.g., nanopores or quantum tunneling), and sequencing by affinity (as in DNA hybridization-based approaches). We describe these diverse approaches, which range from those that are already experimentally well-supported to the merely speculative, in this nascent field striving to reformulate proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan M Floyd
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA; ,
| | - Edward M Marcotte
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, USA; ,
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24
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Horiguchi Y, Naono N, Sakamoto O, Takeuchi H, Yamaoka S, Miyahara Y. Methodology to Detect Biological Particles Using a Biosensing Surface Integrated in Resistive Pulse Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:20168-20178. [PMID: 35446533 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c25006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Resistive pulse sensing (RPS) is an analytical method that can be used to individually count particles from a small sample. RPS simply monitors the physical characteristics of particles, such as size, shape, and charge density, and the integration of RPS with biosensing is an attractive theme to detect biological particles such as virus and bacteria. In this report, a methodology of biosensing on RPS was investigated. Polydopamine (PD), an adhesive component of mussels, was used as the base material to create a sensing surface. PD adheres to most materials, such as noble metals, metal oxides, semiconductors, and polymers; as a result, PD is a versatile intermediate layer for the fabrication of a biosensing surface. As an example of a biological particle, human influenza A virus (H1N1 subtype) was used to monitor translocation of particles through the pore membrane. When virus-specific ligands (6'-sialyllactose) were immobilized on the pore surface, the translocation time of the virus particles was considerably extended. The detailed translocation data suggest that the viral particles were trapped on the sensing surface by specific interactions. In addition, virus translocation processes on different pore surfaces were distinguished using machine learning. The result shows that the simple and versatile PD-based biosensor surface design was effective. This advanced RPS measurement system could be a promising analytical technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukichi Horiguchi
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Norihiko Naono
- Aipore Inc., Cerulean Tower 15F, 26-1 Sakuragaokacho, Shibuya, Tokyo 150-8512, Japan
| | - Osamu Sakamoto
- Aipore Inc., Cerulean Tower 15F, 26-1 Sakuragaokacho, Shibuya, Tokyo 150-8512, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takeuchi
- Department of Molecular Virology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Shoji Yamaoka
- Department of Molecular Virology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyahara
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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25
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Sharma V, Farajpour N, Lastra LS, Freedman KJ. DNA Coil Dynamics and Hydrodynamic Gating of Pressure-Biased Nanopores. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106803. [PMID: 35266283 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanopores are ideally suited for the analysis of long DNA fragments including chromosomal DNA and synthetic DNA with applications in genome sequencing and DNA data storage, respectively. Hydrodynamic fluid flow has been shown to slow down DNA transit time within the pore, however other influences of hydrodynamic forces have yet to be explored. In this report, a broad analysis of pressure-biased nanopores and the impact of hydrodynamics on DNA transit time, capture rate, current blockade depth, and DNA folding are conducted. Using a 10 nm pore, it is shown that hydrodynamic flow inhibits the early stages of linearization of DNA and produces predominately folded events which are initiated by folded DNA (2-strands) entering the pore. Furthermore, utilizing larger pores (30 nm) leads to unique DNA gating behavior in which DNA events can be switched on and off with the application of pressure. A computational model, based on combining electrophoretic drift velocities with fluid velocities, accurately predicts the pore size required to observe DNA gating. Hydrodynamic fluid flow generated by a pressure bias, or potentially more generally by other mechanisms like electroosmotic flow, is shown to have significant effects on DNA sensing and can be useful for DNA sensing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Sharma
- University of California Riverside, Department of Bioengineering, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, NH-44, Jagti, Jammu, J & K, 181221, India
| | - Nasim Farajpour
- University of California Riverside, Department of Bioengineering, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Lauren S Lastra
- University of California Riverside, Department of Bioengineering, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Kevin J Freedman
- University of California Riverside, Department of Bioengineering, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
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26
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Zhang X, Xu M, Yang J, Hu N. Ion Transport in pH-Regulated Double-Barreled Nanopores. Anal Chem 2022; 94:5642-5650. [PMID: 35352923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Single-molecule detection and characterization with nanopores is a powerful technique that does not require labeling. Multinanopore systems, especially double nanopores, have attracted wide attention and have been applied in many fields. However, theoretical studies of electrokinetic ion transport in nanopores mainly focus on single nanopores. In this paper, for the first time, a theoretical study of pH-regulated double-barreled nanopores is conducted using three-dimensional Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations and Navier-Stokes equations. Four ionic species and the surface chemistry on the walls of the nanopores are included. The results demonstrate that the properties of the bulk salt solution significantly affect nanopore conductivity and ion transport phenomena in nanopores. There are two ion-enriched zones and two ion-depleted zones in double-barreled nanopores. Due to the symmetry of the double-barreled nanopore structure and surface charge density, there is no ionic rectification effect in double-barreled nanopores. The ion selectivity is similar to that of conventional single pH-regulated nanopores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China.,Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China.,Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, P. R. China
| | - Mengli Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China
| | - Ning Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China
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27
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Wan Y, Zong C, Li X, Wang A, Li Y, Yang T, Bao Q, Dubow M, Yang M, Rodrigo LA, Mao C. New Insights for Biosensing: Lessons from Microbial Defense Systems. Chem Rev 2022; 122:8126-8180. [PMID: 35234463 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms have gained defense systems during the lengthy process of evolution over millions of years. Such defense systems can protect them from being attacked by invading species (e.g., CRISPR-Cas for establishing adaptive immune systems and nanopore-forming toxins as virulence factors) or enable them to adapt to different conditions (e.g., gas vesicles for achieving buoyancy control). These microorganism defense systems (MDS) have inspired the development of biosensors that have received much attention in a wide range of fields including life science research, food safety, and medical diagnosis. This Review comprehensively analyzes biosensing platforms originating from MDS for sensing and imaging biological analytes. We first describe a basic overview of MDS and MDS-inspired biosensing platforms (e.g., CRISPR-Cas systems, nanopore-forming proteins, and gas vesicles), followed by a critical discussion of their functions and properties. We then discuss several transduction mechanisms (optical, acoustic, magnetic, and electrical) involved in MDS-inspired biosensing. We further detail the applications of the MDS-inspired biosensors to detect a variety of analytes (nucleic acids, peptides, proteins, pathogens, cells, small molecules, and metal ions). In the end, we propose the key challenges and future perspectives in seeking new and improved MDS tools that can potentially lead to breakthrough discoveries in developing a new generation of biosensors with a combination of low cost; high sensitivity, accuracy, and precision; and fast detection. Overall, this Review gives a historical review of MDS, elucidates the principles of emulating MDS to develop biosensors, and analyzes the recent advancements, current challenges, and future trends in this field. It provides a unique critical analysis of emulating MDS to develop robust biosensors and discusses the design of such biosensors using elements found in MDS, showing that emulating MDS is a promising approach to conceptually advancing the design of biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in the South China Sea, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marine College, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Chengli Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in the South China Sea, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marine College, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Xiangpeng Li
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Schools of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, 1700 Fourth Street, Byers Hall 303C, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Aimin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in the South China Sea, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marine College, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Qing Bao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Michael Dubow
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), UMR 9198 CNRS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Campus C.N.R.S, Bâtiment 12, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mingying Yang
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Ledesma-Amaro Rodrigo
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Science Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
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28
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Wang Z, Lv TY, Shi ZB, Yang SS, Gu ZY. Two-dimensional materials as solid-state nanopores for chemical sensing. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:13608-13619. [PMID: 34518861 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02206g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state nanopores as a versatile alternative to biological nanopores have grown tremendously over the last two decades. They exhibit unique characteristics including mechanical robustness, thermal and chemical stability, easy modifications and so on. Moreover, the pore size of a solid-state nanopore could be accurately controlled from sub-nanometers to hundreds of nanometers based on the experimental requirements, presenting better adaptability than biological nanopores. Two-dimensional (2D) materials with single layer thicknesses and highly ordered structures have great potential as solid-state nanopores. In this perspective, we introduced three kinds of substrate-supported 2D material solid-state nanopores, including graphene, MoS2 and MOF nanosheets, which exhibited big advantages compared to traditional solid-state nanopores and other biological counterparts. Besides, we suggested the fabrication and modulation of 2D material solid-state nanopores. We also discussed the applications of 2D materials as solid-state nanopores for ion transportation, DNA sequencing and biomolecule detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Tian-Yi Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Zi-Bo Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Shi-Shu Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Yuan Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
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29
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Tsutsui M, Yokota K, Arima A, Washio T, Baba Y, Kawai T. Detecting Single Molecule Deoxyribonucleic Acid in a Cell Using a Three-Dimensionally Integrated Nanopore. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100542. [PMID: 34928053 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Amplification-free genome analysis can revolutionize biology and medicine by uncovering genetic variations among individuals. Here, the authors report on a 3D-integrated nanopore for electrolysis to in situ detection of single-molecule DNA in a cell by ionic current measurements. It consists of a SiO2 multipore sheet and a SiNx nanopore membrane stacked vertically on a Si wafer. Single cell lysis is demonstrated by 106 V m-1 -level electrostatic field focused at the multinanopore. The intracellular molecules are then directly detected as they move through a sensing zone, wherein the authors find telegraphic current signatures reflecting folding degrees of freedom of the millimeter-long polynucleotides threaded through the SiNx nanopore. The present device concept may enable on-chip single-molecule sequencing to multi-omics analyses at a single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makusu Tsutsui
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Yokota
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 761-0395, Japan
| | - Akihide Arima
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takashi Washio
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Baba
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8603, Japan
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8603, Japan
- Institute of Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Anagawa 4-9-1, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoji Kawai
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
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30
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Ren R, Sun M, Goel P, Cai S, Kotov NA, Kuang H, Xu C, Ivanov AP, Edel JB. Single-Molecule Binding Assay Using Nanopores and Dimeric NP Conjugates. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2103067. [PMID: 34323323 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The ability to measure biomarkers, both specifically and selectively at the single-molecule level in biological fluids, has the potential to transform the diagnosis, monitoring, and therapeutic intervention of diseases. The use of nanopores has been gaining prominence in this area, not only for sequencing but more recently in screening applications. The selectivity of nanopore sensing can be substantially improved with the use of labels, but substantial challenges remain, especially when trying to differentiate between bound from unbound targets. Here highly sensitive and selective molecular probes made from nanoparticles (NPs) that self-assemble and dimerize upon binding to a biological target are designed. It is shown that both single and paired NPs can be successfully resolved and detected at the single-molecule nanopore sensing and can be used for applications such as antigen/antibody detection and microRNA (miRNA) sequence analysis. It is expected that such technology will contribute significantly to developing highly sensitive and selective strategies for the diagnosis and screening of diseases without the need for sample processing or amplification while requiring minimal sample volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Science Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Maozhong Sun
- Key Lab of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Pratibha Goel
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Science Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Shenglin Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Science Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Nicholas A Kotov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Hua Kuang
- Key Lab of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- Key Lab of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Aleksandar P Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Science Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Joshua B Edel
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Science Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
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31
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Zhou J, Zhou PL, Shen Q, Ahmed SA, Pan XT, Liu HL, Ding XL, Li J, Wang K, Xia XH. Probing Multidimensional Structural Information of Single Molecules Transporting through a Sub-10 nm Conical Plasmonic Nanopore by SERS. Anal Chem 2021; 93:11679-11685. [PMID: 34415740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Probing the orientation and oxygenation state of single molecules (SMs) is of great importance for understanding the advanced structure of individual molecules. Here, we manipulate molecules transporting through the hot spot of a sub-10 nm conical gold nanopore and acquire the multidimensional structural information of the SMs by surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection. The sub-10 nm size and conical shape of the plasmonic nanopore guarantee its high detection sensitivity. SERS spectra show a high correlation with the orientations of small-sized single rhodamine 6G (R6G) during transport. Meanwhile, SERS spectra of a single hemoglobin (Hb) reveal both the vertical/parallel orientations of the porphyrin ring and oxygenated/deoxygenated states of Hb. The present study provides a new strategy for bridging the primary sequence and the advanced structure of SMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Pan-Ling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Saud Asif Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hai-Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xin-Lei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xing-Hua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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32
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He X, Wang P, Shi L, Zhou T, Wen L. Electrokinetic translocation of a deformable nanoparticle controlled by field effect in nanopores. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:2197-2205. [PMID: 34409625 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nanopores have become a popular single-molecule manipulation and detection technology. In this paper, we have constructed a continuum model of the nanopore; the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method is used to describe the motion of particles and fluid. The mathematical model couples the stress-strain equation for the dynamics of a deformable particle, the Poisson equation for the electric field, the Navier-Stokes equations for the flow field, and the Nernst-Planck equations for ionic transport. Based on the model, the mechanism of field-effect regulation of particles passing through a nanopore is investigated. The results show that the transport of particles which is controlled by the field effect depends on the electroosmotic flow (EOF) generated by the gate electrode in the nanopore and the electrostatic interaction between the nanopore and particles. That also explains the asymmetry of particle transport velocity in the nanopore with a gate electrode. When the gate potential is negative, or the gate electrode length is small, the maximum deformation of the particles is increased. The field-effect regulation in the nanopore provides an active and compatible method for nanopore detection, and provides a convenient method for the active control of the particle deformation in the nanopore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan He
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Liuyong Shi
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Teng Zhou
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
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33
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Nikolaou P, Valenti G, Paolucci F. Nano-structured materials for the electrochemiluminescence signal enhancement. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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34
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Rapid single-molecule detection of COVID-19 and MERS antigens via nanobody-functionalized organic electrochemical transistors. Nat Biomed Eng 2021; 5:666-677. [PMID: 34031558 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00734-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted the need for rapid and sensitive protein detection and quantification in simple and robust formats for widespread point-of-care applications. Here, we report on nanobody-functionalized organic electrochemical transistors with a modular architecture for the rapid quantification of single-molecule-to-nanomolar levels of specific antigens in complex bodily fluids. The sensors combine a solution-processable conjugated polymer in the transistor channel and high-density and orientation-controlled bioconjugation of nanobody-SpyCatcher fusion proteins on disposable gate electrodes. The devices provide results after 10 min of exposure to 5 μl of unprocessed samples, maintain high specificity and single-molecule sensitivity in human saliva and serum, and can be reprogrammed to detect any protein antigen if a corresponding specific nanobody is available. We used the sensors to detect green fluorescent protein, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) spike proteins, and for the COVID-19 screening of unprocessed clinical nasopharyngeal swab and saliva samples with a wide range of viral loads.
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35
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Cai S, Pataillot-Meakin T, Shibakawa A, Ren R, Bevan CL, Ladame S, Ivanov AP, Edel JB. Single-molecule amplification-free multiplexed detection of circulating microRNA cancer biomarkers from serum. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3515. [PMID: 34112774 PMCID: PMC8192752 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23497-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in post-transcriptional gene expression and are also found freely circulating in bodily fluids such as blood. Dysregulated miRNA signatures have been associated with many diseases including cancer, and miRNA profiling from liquid biopsies offers a promising strategy for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring. Here, we develop size-encoded molecular probes that can be used for simultaneous electro-optical nanopore sensing of miRNAs, allowing for ultrasensitive, sequence-specific and multiplexed detection directly in unprocessed human serum, in sample volumes as small as 0.1 μl. We show that this approach allows for femtomolar sensitivity and single-base mismatch selectivity. We demonstrate the ability to simultaneously monitor miRNAs (miR-141-3p and miR-375-3p) from prostate cancer patients with active disease and in remission. This technology can pave the way for next generation of minimally invasive diagnostic and companion diagnostic tests for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglin Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Thomas Pataillot-Meakin
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Sir Michael Uren Hub, London, W12 0BZ, UK
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Akifumi Shibakawa
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ren Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Charlotte L Bevan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
| | - Sylvain Ladame
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, Sir Michael Uren Hub, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Aleksandar P Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Joshua B Edel
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
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36
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Fried JP, Swett JL, Nadappuram BP, Mol JA, Edel JB, Ivanov AP, Yates JR. In situ solid-state nanopore fabrication. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:4974-4992. [PMID: 33623941 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00924e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanopores in solid-state membranes are promising for a wide range of applications including DNA sequencing, ultra-dilute analyte detection, protein analysis, and polymer data storage. Techniques to fabricate solid-state nanopores have typically been time consuming or lacked the resolution to create pores with diameters down to a few nanometres, as required for the above applications. In recent years, several methods to fabricate nanopores in electrolyte environments have been demonstrated. These in situ methods include controlled breakdown (CBD), electrochemical reactions (ECR), laser etching and laser-assisted controlled breakdown (la-CBD). These techniques are democratising solid-state nanopores by providing the ability to fabricate pores with diameters down to a few nanometres (i.e. comparable to the size of many analytes) in a matter of minutes using relatively simple equipment. Here we review these in situ solid-state nanopore fabrication techniques and highlight the challenges and advantages of each method. Furthermore we compare these techniques by their desired application and provide insights into future research directions for in situ nanopore fabrication methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper P Fried
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Jacob L Swett
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Binoy Paulose Nadappuram
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Jan A Mol
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Joshua B Edel
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Aleksandar P Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, White City Campus, 82 Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - James R Yates
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
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Abstract
Traditional studies of enzymatic activity rely on the combined kinetics of millions of enzyme molecules to produce a product, an experimental approach that may wash out heterogeneities that exist between individual enzymes. Evaluating these properties on an enzyme-by-enzyme basis represents an unambiguous means of elucidating heterogeneities; however, the quantification of enzymatic activity at the single-enzyme level is fundamentally limited by the maximum catalytic rate, kcat, inherent to a given enzyme. For electrochemical methods measuring current, single enzymes must turn over greater than 107 molecules per second to produce a measurable signal on the order of 10-12 A. Enzymes with this capability are extremely rare in nature, with typical kcat values for biologically relevant enzymes falling between 1 and 10 000 s-1. Thus, clever amplification strategies are necessary to electrochemically detect the vast majority of enzymes. This review details the progress toward the electroanalytical detection and evaluation of single enzyme kinetics largely focused on the nanoimpact method, a chronoamperometric detection strategy that monitors the change in the current-time profile associated with stochastic collisions of freely diffusing entities (e.g., enzymes) onto a microelectrode or nanoelectrode surface. We discuss the experimental setups and methods developed in the last decade toward the quantification of single molecule enzymatic rates. Special emphasis is given to the limitations of measurement science in the observation of single enzyme activity and feasible methods of signal amplification with reasonable bandwidth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn J Vannoy
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Andrey Ryabykh
- Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, Altai State University, Barnaul, Altai Krai, Russia656049
| | - Andrei I Chapoval
- Russian-American Anti-Cancer Center, Altai State University, Barnaul, Altai Krai, Russia656049
| | - Jeffrey E Dick
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Wu R, Wang Y, Zhu Z, Yu C, Li H, Li B, Dong S. Low-Noise Solid-State Nanopore Enhancing Direct Label-Free Analysis for Small Dimensional Assemblies Induced by Specific Molecular Binding. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:9482-9490. [PMID: 33476120 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state nanopores show special potential as a new single-molecular characterization for nucleic acid assemblies and molecular machines. However, direct recognition of small dimensional species is still quite difficult due the lower resolution compared with biological pores. We recently reported a very efficient noise-reduction and resolution-enhancement mechanism via introducing high-dielectric additives (e.g., formamide) into conical glass nanopore (CGN) test buffer. Based on this advance, here, for the first time, we apply a bare CGN to directly recognize small dimensional assemblies induced by small molecules. Cocaine and its split aptamer (Capt assembly) are chosen as the model set. By introducing 20% formamide into CGN test buffer, high cocaine-specific distinguishing of the 113 nt Capt assembly has been realized without any covalent label or additional signaling strategies. The signal-to-background discrimination is much enhanced compared with control characterizations such as gel electrophoresis and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). As a further innovation, we verify that low-noise CGN can also enhance the resolution of small conformational/size changes happening on the side chain of large dimensional substrates. Long duplex concatamers generated from the hybridization chain reaction (HCR) are selected as the model substrates. In the presence of cocaine, low-noise CGN has sensitively captured the current changes when the 26 nt aptamer segment is assembled on the side chain of HCR duplexes. This paper proves that the introduction of the low-noise mechanism has significantly improved the resolution of the solid-state nanopore at smaller and finer scales and thus may direct extensive and deeper research in the field of CGN-based analysis at both single-molecular and statistical levels, such as molecular recognition, assembly characterization, structure identification, information storage, and target index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Wu
- State Key Lab of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yesheng Wang
- State Key Lab of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhentong Zhu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P. R. China
| | - Chunmiao Yu
- State Key Lab of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Huan Li
- State Key Lab of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Bingling Li
- State Key Lab of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shaojun Dong
- State Key Lab of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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Endocrine disruptors in teleosts: Evaluating environmental risks and biomarkers. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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40
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Li S, Zeng S, Wen C, Barbe L, Tenje M, Zhang Z, Hjort K, Zhang SL. Dynamics of DNA Clogging in Hafnium Oxide Nanopores. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:11573-11583. [PMID: 33315405 PMCID: PMC7770817 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c07756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Interfacing
solid-state nanopores with biological systems has been
exploited as a versatile analytical platform for analysis of individual
biomolecules. Although clogging of solid-state nanopores due to nonspecific
interactions between analytes and pore walls poses a persistent challenge
in attaining the anticipated sensing efficacy, insufficient studies
focus on elucidating the clogging dynamics. Herein, we investigate
the DNA clogging behavior by passing double-stranded (ds) DNA molecules
of different lengths through hafnium oxide(HfO2)-coated
silicon (Si) nanopore arrays, at different bias voltages and electrolyte
pH values. Employing stable and photoluminescent-free HfO2/Si nanopore arrays permits a parallelized visualization of DNA clogging
with confocal fluorescence microscopy. We find that the probability
of pore clogging increases with both DNA length and bias voltage.
Two types of clogging are discerned: persistent and temporary. In
the time-resolved analysis, temporary clogging events exhibit a shorter
lifetime at higher bias voltage. Furthermore, we show that the surface
charge density has a prominent effect on the clogging probability
because of electrostatic attraction between the dsDNA and the HfO2 pore walls. An analytical model based on examining the energy
landscape along the DNA translocation trajectory is developed to qualitatively
evaluate the DNA–pore interaction. Both experimental and theoretical
results indicate that the occurrence of clogging is strongly dependent
on the configuration of translocating DNA molecules and the electrostatic
interaction between DNA and charged pore surface. These findings provide
a detailed account of the DNA clogging phenomenon and are of practical
interest for DNA sensing based on solid-state nanopores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Li
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Division of Solid-State Electronics, Uppsala University, SE-751 03 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shuangshuang Zeng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Division of Solid-State Electronics, Uppsala University, SE-751 03 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chenyu Wen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Division of Solid-State Electronics, Uppsala University, SE-751 03 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Laurent Barbe
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Division of Microsystem Technology, Uppsala University, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Tenje
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Division of Microsystem Technology, Uppsala University, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Division of Solid-State Electronics, Uppsala University, SE-751 03 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Klas Hjort
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Division of Microsystem Technology, Uppsala University, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shi-Li Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Division of Solid-State Electronics, Uppsala University, SE-751 03 Uppsala, Sweden
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41
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Si W, Yu M, Wu G, Chen C, Sha J, Zhang Y, Chen Y. A Nanoparticle-DNA Assembled Nanorobot Powered by Charge-Tunable Quad-Nanopore System. ACS NANO 2020; 14:15349-15360. [PMID: 33151055 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecular machines hold keys to performing intrinsic functions in living cells so that the organisms can work properly, and unveiling the mechanism of functional molecule machines as well as elucidating the dynamic process of interaction with their surrounding environment is an attractive pharmaceutical target for human health. Due to the limitations of searching and exploring all possible motors in human bodies, designing and constructing functional nanorobots is vital for meeting the fast-rising demand of revealing life science and related diagnostics. Here, we theoretically designed a nanoparticle-DNA assembled nanorobot that can move along a solid-state membrane surface. The nanorobot is composed of a nanoparticle and four single-stranded DNAs. Our molecular dynamics simulations show that electroosmosis could be the main power driving the movement of a nanorobot. After the DNA strands were one-to-one captured by the nanopores in the membrane, by tuning the surface charge density of each nanopore, we have theoretically shown that the electroosmosis coupled with electrophoresis can be used to drive the movement of the nanorobot in desired directions along the graphene membrane surface. It is believed that the well-controlled nanorobot will lead to many exciting applications, such as cargo delivery, nanomanipulation, and so on, if it is implemented in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Si
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Meng Yu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Gensheng Wu
- School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chang Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Jingjie Sha
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yunfei Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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Ahmed SA, Liao Q, Shen Q, Ashraf Baig MMF, Zhou J, Shi C, Muhammad P, Hanif S, Xi K, Xia X, Wang K. pH‐Dependent Slipping and Exfoliation of Layered Covalent Organic Framework. Chemistry 2020; 26:12996-13001. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saud Asif Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Qiao‐Bo Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Qi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Cai‐Feng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Pir Muhammad
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Sumaira Hanif
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Kai Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Xing‐Hua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Kang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu P. R. China
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43
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Hu R, Tong X, Zhao Q. Four Aspects about Solid-State Nanopores for Protein Sensing: Fabrication, Sensitivity, Selectivity, and Durability. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000933. [PMID: 32734703 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state nanopores are a mimic of innate biological nanopores embedded on lipid membranes. They are fabricated on thin suspended layers of synthetic materials that provide superior thermal, mechanical, chemical stability, and geometry flexibility. As their counterpart biological nanopores reach the goal of DNA sequencing and become commercial, solid-state nanopores thrive in aspects of protein sensing and have become an important research component for clinical diagnostic technologies. This review focuses on resistive pulse sensing modes, which are versatile for low-cost, portable sensing devices and summarizes four main aspects toward commercially available resistive pulse-based protein sensing techniques using solid-state nanopores. In each aspect of fabrication, sensitivity, selectivity, and durability, brief fundamentals are introduced and the challenges and improvements are discussed. The rapid advance of a practical technique requires greater multidisciplinary cooperation. The review aims at clarifying existing obstacles in solid-state nanopore based protein sensing, intriguing readers with existing solutions and finally encouraging multidisciplinary researchers to advance the development of this promising protein sensing methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hu
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano‐optoelectronics School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xin Tong
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano‐optoelectronics School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Qing Zhao
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano‐optoelectronics School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics Nantong Jiangsu 226010 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Beijing 100084 China
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Huang Q, Li N, Zhang H, Che C, Sun F, Xiong Y, Canady TD, Cunningham BT. Critical Review: digital resolution biomolecular sensing for diagnostics and life science research. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:2816-2840. [PMID: 32700698 PMCID: PMC7485136 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00506a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the frontiers in the field of biosensors is the ability to quantify specific target molecules with enough precision to count individual units in a test sample, and to observe the characteristics of individual biomolecular interactions. Technologies that enable observation of molecules with "digital precision" have applications for in vitro diagnostics with ultra-sensitive limits of detection, characterization of biomolecular binding kinetics with a greater degree of precision, and gaining deeper insights into biological processes through quantification of molecules in complex specimens that would otherwise be unobservable. In this review, we seek to capture the current state-of-the-art in the field of digital resolution biosensing. We describe the capabilities of commercially available technology platforms, as well as capabilities that have been described in published literature. We highlight approaches that utilize enzymatic amplification, nanoparticle tags, chemical tags, as well as label-free biosensing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglan Huang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 North Wright Street, Urbana, IL 61801
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Nantao Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 North Wright Street, Urbana, IL 61801
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Hanyuan Zhang
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Congnyu Che
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Fu Sun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 North Wright Street, Urbana, IL 61801
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Yanyu Xiong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 North Wright Street, Urbana, IL 61801
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Taylor D. Canady
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Brian T. Cunningham
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 208 North Wright Street, Urbana, IL 61801
- Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
- Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana, IL 61801
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Mariani F, Quast T, Andronescu C, Gualandi I, Fraboni B, Tonelli D, Scavetta E, Schuhmann W. Needle-type organic electrochemical transistor for spatially resolved detection of dopamine. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:378. [PMID: 32518976 PMCID: PMC7283208 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04352-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the advantages of carbon nanoelectrodes (CNEs) and orgonic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) were merged to realise nanometre-sized, spearhead OECTs based on single- and double-barrel CNEs functionalised with a conducting polymer film. The needle-type OECT shows a high aspect ratio that allows its precise positioning by means of a macroscopic handle and its size is compatible with single-cell analysis. The device was characterised with respect to its electrolyte-gated behaviour and was employed as electrochemical sensor for the proof-of-concept detection of dopamine (DA) over a wide concentration range (10-12-10-6 M). Upon application of fixed drain and gate voltages (Vd = - 0.3 V, Vg = - 0.9 V, respectively), the nano-sized needle-type OECT sensor exhibited a linear response in the low pM range and from 0.002 to 7 μM DA, with a detection limit of 1 × 10-12 M. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Mariani
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Thomas Quast
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Corina Andronescu
- Chemical Technology III, Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University Duisburg Essen, Carl-Benz-Str. 201, D-47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Isacco Gualandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Beatrice Fraboni
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Domenica Tonelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Erika Scavetta
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany.
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Ahmed SA, Shen Q, Liao QB, Zhou J, Hanif S, Muhammad P, Baig MMFA, Xi K, Xia XH, Wang K. Mass Transfer Modulation and Gas Mapping Based on Covalent Organic Frameworks-Covered Theta Micropipette. Anal Chem 2020; 92:7343-7348. [PMID: 32337983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) consist nanochannels that are fundamentally important for their application. Up to now, the effect of gas phase on COF nanochannels are hard to explore. Here, TAPB-PDA-COFs (triphenylbenzene-terephthaldehyde-COFs) was synthesized in situ at the tip of a theta micropipette. The COF-covered theta micropipette (CTP) create a stable gas-liquid interface inside the COF nanochannels, through which the humidity-modulated ion mass transfer in the COF nanochannels can be recorded by recording the current across the two channels of the theta micropipette. Results show that the humid air changes the mobility of the ions inside the COF nanochannels, which leads to the change of ionic current. Humid air showed different effects on the ion transfer depending on the solvent polarity index and vapor pressure. Current decreases linearly with the increase of relative humidity (RH) from 11% to 98%. The CTP was also mounted on the scanning electrochemical microscopy as a probe electrode for mapping micrometer-scale humidity distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud Asif Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Qi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Qiao-Bo Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Juan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Sumaira Hanif
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Pir Muhammad
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Kai Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Hua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Kang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
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47
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Zhang X, Jing Q, Ao S, Schneider GF, Kireev D, Zhang Z, Fu W. Ultrasensitive Field-Effect Biosensors Enabled by the Unique Electronic Properties of Graphene. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1902820. [PMID: 31592577 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201902820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a critical overview of current developments on nanoelectronic biochemical sensors based on graphene. Composed of a single layer of conjugated carbon atoms, graphene has outstanding high carrier mobility and low intrinsic electrical noise, but a chemically inert surface. Surface functionalization is therefore crucial to unravel graphene sensitivity and selectivity for the detection of targeted analytes. To achieve optimal performance of graphene transistors for biochemical sensing, the tuning of the graphene surface properties via surface functionalization and passivation is highlighted, as well as the tuning of its electrical operation by utilizing multifrequency ambipolar configuration and a high frequency measurement scheme to overcome the Debye screening to achieve low noise and highly sensitive detection. Potential applications and prospectives of ultrasensitive graphene electronic biochemical sensors ranging from environmental monitoring and food safety, healthcare and medical diagnosis, to life science research, are presented as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Qiushi Jing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Shaw Technical Science Building, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Shen Ao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Shaw Technical Science Building, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Grégory F Schneider
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dmitry Kireev
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78757, USA
| | - Zhengjun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Shaw Technical Science Building, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Wangyang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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48
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Min Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Yi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Lun Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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Laucirica G, Cayón VM, Toum Terrones Y, Cortez ML, Toimil-Molares ME, Trautmann C, Marmisollé WA, Azzaroni O. Electrochemically addressable nanofluidic devices based on PET nanochannels modified with electropolymerized poly-o-aminophenol films. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:6002-6011. [PMID: 32115588 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10336h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanofluidic field-effect transistors (nFETs) have attracted attention from the scientific community due to their remarkable level of control over ionic transport. Particularly, the combination of nanofluidic systems and electroactive polymers has demonstrated to be an interesting approach to achieve an electrochemically addressable device. In this work, the development of nFETs based on the integration of electropolymerized poly-o-aminophenol (POAP) films into track-etched nanochannels is proposed. The electropolymerization of POAP on the tip side of Au-sputtered asymmetric PET nanochannels not only allowed having a programmable tip diameter but also offered a precise and very rapid control of ionic transport by switching an external bias voltage. Moreover, the system exhibited a reversible behaviour between non-selective and anion-selective states. We believe that this work provides new tools and concepts to design and build high-performance nanofluidic field-effect transistors working under electrochemically controlled conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Laucirica
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET - CC 16 Suc. 4, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
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50
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Cadinu P, Kang M, Nadappuram BP, Ivanov AP, Edel JB. Individually Addressable Multi-nanopores for Single-Molecule Targeted Operations. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:2012-2019. [PMID: 32053383 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b05307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The fine-tuning of molecular transport is a ubiquitous problem of single-molecule methods. The latter is evident even in powerful single-molecule techniques such as nanopore sensing, where the quest for resolving more detailed biomolecular features is often limited by insufficient control of the dynamics of individual molecules within the detection volume of the nanopore. In this work, we introduce and characterize a reconfigurable multi-nanopore architecture that enables additional channels to manipulate the dynamics of DNA molecules in a nanopore. We show that the fabrication process of this device, consisting of four adjacent, individually addressable nanopores located at the tip of a quartz nanopipette, is fast and highly reproducible. By individually tuning the electric field across each nanopore, these devices can operate in several unique cooperative detection modes that allow moving, sensing, and trapping of DNA molecules with high efficiency and increased temporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Cadinu
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Minkyung Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Binoy Paulose Nadappuram
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Aleksandar P Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
| | - Joshua B Edel
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Science Research Hub, White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K
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