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Li X, Fang YG, Bai Q, Jiang J, Zeng XC, Francisco JS, Zhu C, Fang W. Two-dimensional ice-like water adlayers on a mica surface with and without a graphene coating under ambient conditions. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:11542-11549. [PMID: 38787689 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00748d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Water tends to wet all hydrophilic surfaces under ambient conditions, and the first water adlayers on solids are important for a broad range of physicochemical phenomena and technological processes, including corrosion, wetting, lubrication, anti-icing, catalysis, and electrochemistry. Unfortunately, challenges in characterizing the first water adlayer in the laboratory have hampered molecular-level understanding of the contact water structure. Herein, we present the first ab initio molecular dynamics simulation evidence of a previously unreported ice-like adlayer structure (named as Ice-AL-II) on a prototype mica surface under ambient conditions. Calculation showed that the newly identified Ice-AL-II structure is more stable than the widely recognized ice-adlayer structure on mica surfaces (named as Ice-AL-I). Ice-AL-II exhibited a face-centered corner-cut tetragon (or a face-centered irregular pentagon) pattern of a hydrogen-bonded network. The center of the corner-cut tetragon was occupied by either a K+ cation or a water molecule with two H atoms pinned by the mica (100) via double hydrogen bonds. Our simulation also suggested that bilayer Ice-AL-II favors AA stacking rather than AB stacking. Interestingly, when a graphene sheet was coated on top of the ice-like adlayer, the stability of Ice-AL-II was further enhanced. In contrast, due to its strongly puckered structure, the Ice-AL-I structure could be crushed into a near-Ice-AL-II structure by the graphene coating. Ice-AL-II is thus proposed as a promising candidate for the ice-like structure on a mica surface detected by scanning polarization force microscopy and by atomic force microscopy between a graphene coating and a mica surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Ye-Guang Fang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qi Bai
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science and Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Chongqin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Weihai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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2
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Wu D, Zhao Z, Lin B, Song Y, Qi J, Jiang J, Yuan Z, Cheng B, Zhao M, Tian Y, Wang Z, Wu M, Bian K, Liu KH, Xu LM, Zeng XC, Wang EG, Jiang Y. Probing structural superlubricity of two-dimensional water transport with atomic resolution. Science 2024; 384:1254-1259. [PMID: 38870285 DOI: 10.1126/science.ado1544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Low-dimensional water transport can be drastically enhanced under atomic-scale confinement. However, its microscopic origin is still under debate. In this work, we directly imaged the atomic structure and transport of two-dimensional water islands on graphene and hexagonal boron nitride surfaces using qPlus-based atomic force microscopy. The lattice of the water island was incommensurate with the graphene surface but commensurate with the boron nitride surface owing to different surface electrostatics. The area-normalized static friction on the graphene diminished as the island area was increased by a power of ~-0.58, suggesting superlubricity behavior. By contrast, the friction on the boron nitride appeared insensitive to the area. Molecular dynamic simulations further showed that the friction coefficient of the water islands on the graphene could reduce to <0.01.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Wu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhengpu Zhao
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bo Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yizhi Song
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiajie Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zifeng Yuan
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bowei Cheng
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mengze Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ye Tian
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhichang Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Muhong Wu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Centre for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Institute of Physics, CAS and School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Ke Bian
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Kai-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Centre for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Li-Mei Xu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Centre for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiao Cheng Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - En-Ge Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Centre for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Institute of Physics, CAS and School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
- Tsientang Institute for Advanced Study, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Centre for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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3
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Atomic-scale insights into the mystery of how ice surfaces melt. Nature 2024:10.1038/d41586-024-01552-0. [PMID: 38840004 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-01552-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
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4
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Hong J, Tian Y, Liang T, Liu X, Song Y, Guan D, Yan Z, Guo J, Tang B, Cao D, Guo J, Chen J, Pan D, Xu LM, Wang EG, Jiang Y. Imaging surface structure and premelting of ice Ih with atomic resolution. Nature 2024; 630:375-380. [PMID: 38778112 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07427-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Ice surfaces are closely relevant to many physical and chemical properties, such as melting, freezing, friction, gas uptake and atmospheric reaction1-8. Despite extensive experimental and theoretical investigations9-17, the exact atomic structures of ice interfaces remain elusive owing to the vulnerable hydrogen-bonding network and the complicated premelting process. Here we realize atomic-resolution imaging of the basal (0001) surface structure of hexagonal water ice (ice Ih) by using qPlus-based cryogenic atomic force microscopy with a carbon monoxide-functionalized tip. We find that the crystalline ice-Ih surface consists of mixed Ih- and cubic (Ic)-stacking nanodomains, forming 19 × 19 periodic superstructures. Density functional theory reveals that this reconstructed surface is stabilized over the ideal ice surface mainly by minimizing the electrostatic repulsion between dangling OH bonds. Moreover, we observe that the ice surface gradually becomes disordered with increasing temperature (above 120 Kelvin), indicating the onset of the premelting process. The surface premelting occurs from the defective boundaries between the Ih and Ic domains and can be promoted by the formation of a planar local structure. These results put an end to the longstanding debate on ice surface structures and shed light on the molecular origin of ice premelting, which may lead to a paradigm shift in the understanding of ice physics and chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Hong
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Tian
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tiancheng Liang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinmeng Liu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhi Song
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Guan
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixiang Yan
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiadong Guo
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Binze Tang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Duanyun Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Guo
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Chen
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding Pan
- Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Mei Xu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - En-Ge Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Tsientang Institute for Advanced Study, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Pinar Solé A, Klívar J, Šámal M, Stará IG, Starý I, Mendieta-Moreno JI, Ernst KH, Jelínek P, Stetsovych O. On-Surface Synthesis of Helicene Oligomers. Chemistry 2024:e202304127. [PMID: 38587984 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
We report on-surface synthesis of heterochiral 1D heptahelicene oligomers after deposition of a racemic heptahelicene monomer on an Au(111) surface followed by Ullmann coupling under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Structure, chirality and mode of adsorption of the resulting dimers to octamers are inferred from the scanning probe microscopy and theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Pinar Solé
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Klívar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Šámal
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Irena G Stará
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Starý
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jesús I Mendieta-Moreno
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00, Prague, Czech Republic
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics Department, C/ Francisco Tomás y, Valiente 7, Module 05, Facultad de Ciencias, E-28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karl-Heinz Ernst
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00, Prague, Czech Republic
- Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- University of Zurich Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Oleksandr Stetsovych
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00, Prague, Czech Republic
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6
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Tian Y, Song Y, Xia Y, Hong J, Huang Y, Ma R, You S, Guan D, Cao D, Zhao M, Chen J, Song C, Liu K, Xu LM, Gao YQ, Wang EG, Jiang Y. Nanoscale one-dimensional close packing of interfacial alkali ions driven by water-mediated attraction. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 19:479-484. [PMID: 38049594 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The permeability and selectivity of biological and artificial ion channels correlate with the specific hydration structure of single ions. However, fundamental understanding of the effect of ion-ion interaction remains elusive. Here, via non-contact atomic force microscopy measurements, we demonstrate that hydrated alkali metal cations (Na+ and K+) at charged surfaces could come into close contact with each other through partial dehydration and water rearrangement processes, forming one-dimensional chain structures. We prove that the interplay at the nanoscale between the water-ion and water-water interaction can lead to an effective ion-ion attraction overcoming the ionic Coulomb repulsion. The tendency for different ions to become closely packed follows the sequence K+ > Na+ > Li+, which is attributed to their different dehydration energies and charge densities. This work highlights the key role of water molecules in prompting close packing and concerted movement of ions at charged surfaces, which may provide new insights into the mechanism of ion transport under atomic confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhi Song
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijie Xia
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiani Hong
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yupeng Huang
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Runze Ma
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sifan You
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Guan
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Duanyun Cao
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengze Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Chen
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Song
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Mei Xu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Qin Gao
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - En-Ge Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Institute of Physics, CAS and School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Guan D, Tian Y, Song Y, Zhao M, Liu K, Xu LM, Wang EG, Jiang Y. The effect of surface hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity on ion-ion interactions at water-solid interfaces. Faraday Discuss 2024; 249:38-49. [PMID: 37786316 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00140g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Condensation and arrangement of ions at water-solid interfaces are of great importance in the formation of electrical double layers (EDL) and the transport of ions under a confined geometry. So far, the microscopic understanding of interfacial ion configurations is still far from complete, especially when the local ion concentration is high and ion-ion interactions become prominent. In this study, we directly visualized alkali metal cations within the hydrogen-bonding network of water on graphite and Cu(111)-supported graphene surfaces, using qPlus-based noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM). We found that the codeposition of the alkali cations and water molecules on the hydrophobic graphite surface leads to the formation of an ion-doped bilayer hexagonal ice (BHI) structure, where the ions are repelled from each other and scattered in a disordered distribution. In contrast, the hydrated alkali cations aggregate in one dimension on the more hydrophilic graphene/Cu(111) surface, forming a nematic state with a long-range order. Such a nematic state arises from the delicate interplay between water-ion and water-water interactions under surface confinement. These results reveal the high sensitivity of ion-ion interactions and ionic ordering to the surface hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Guan
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Ye Tian
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Yizhi Song
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Mengze Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Kaihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Li-Mei Xu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
| | - En-Ge Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
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8
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Yang P, Liu H, Jin Q, Lai Y, Zeng Y, Zhang C, Dong J, Sun W, Guo Q, Cao D, Guo J. Visualizing the Promoting Role of Interfacial Water in the Deprotonation of Formic Acid on Cu(111). J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:210-217. [PMID: 38037330 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Water plays a crucial role in various heterogeneous catalytic reactions, but the atomic-scale characterization of how water participates in these chemical processes remains a significant challenge. Here we directly visualize the promoting role of interfacial water in the deprotonation of formic acid (FA) on a metal surface, using combined scanning tunneling microscopy and qPlus-based noncontact atomic force microscopy. We find the dissociation of FA when coadsorbed with water on the Cu(111) surface, resulting in the formation of hydronium and formate ions. Interestingly, most of the hydrated proton and formate ions exhibit a phase-separated behavior on Cu(111), in which Eigen and Zundel cations assemble into a monolayer hexagonal hydrogen-bonding (H-bonding) network, and bidentate formate ions are solvated with water and aggregate into one-dimensional chains or two-dimensional H-bonding networks. This phase-separated behavior is essential for preventing the proton transfer back from hydronium to formate and the reformation of FA. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the participation of water significantly reduces the deprotonation barrier of FA on Cu(111), in which water catalyzes the decomposition of FA through the Grotthuss proton transfer mechanism. In addition, the separate solvation of hydronium and bidentate formate ions is energetically preferred due to the enhanced interaction with the copper substrate. The promoting role of water in the deprotonation of FA is further confirmed by the temperature-programmed desorption experiment, which shows that the intensity of the H2 desorption peak significantly increases and the desorption of FA declines when water and FA coadsorbed on the Cu(111) surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Yang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Honggang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qingwei Jin
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yuemiao Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jia Dong
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wenyu Sun
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Duanyun Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Jing Guo
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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9
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Nam S, Riegel E, Hörmann L, Hofmann OT, Gretz O, Weymouth AJ, Giessibl FJ. Exploring in-plane interactions beside an adsorbed molecule with lateral force microscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2311059120. [PMID: 38170747 PMCID: PMC10786270 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311059120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy with a CO-functionalized tip can be used to directly image the internal structure of a planar molecule and to characterize chemical bonds. However, hydrogen atoms usually cannot be directly observed due to their small size. At the same time, these atoms are highly important, since they can direct on-surface chemical reactions. Measuring in-plane interactions at the sides of PTCDA (3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride) molecules with lateral force microscopy allowed us to directly identify hydrogen atoms via their repulsive signature, which we confirmed with a model incorporating radially symmetric atomic interactions. Additional features were observed in the force data and could not be explained by H-bonding of the CO tip with the PTCDA sides. Instead, they are caused by electrostatic interaction of the large dipole of the metal apex, which we verified with density functional theory. This calculation allowed us to estimate the strength of the dipole at the metal tip apex. To further confirm that this dipole generally affects measurements on weakly polarized systems, we investigated the archetypical surface adsorbate of a single CO molecule. We determined the radially symmetric atomic interaction to be valid over a large solid angle of 5.4 sr, corresponding to 82°. We therefore find that in both the PTCDA and CO systems, the underlying interaction preventing direct observations of H-bonding and causing a collapse of the radially symmetric model is the dipole at the metal apex, which plays a significant role when approaching closer than standard imaging heights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinjae Nam
- Chair of Quantum Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics, University of Regensburg, 93053Regensburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Riegel
- Chair of Quantum Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics, University of Regensburg, 93053Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Hörmann
- Simulation-Driven Material Discovery Group, Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, 8010Graz, Austria
| | - Oliver T. Hofmann
- Simulation-Driven Material Discovery Group, Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, 8010Graz, Austria
| | - Oliver Gretz
- Chair of Quantum Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics, University of Regensburg, 93053Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alfred J. Weymouth
- Chair of Quantum Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics, University of Regensburg, 93053Regensburg, Germany
| | - Franz J. Giessibl
- Chair of Quantum Nanoscience, Faculty of Physics, University of Regensburg, 93053Regensburg, Germany
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10
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Zhong Q, Mardyukov A, Solel E, Ebeling D, Schirmeisen A, Schreiner PR. On-Surface Synthesis and Real-Space Visualization of Aromatic P 3 N 3. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310121. [PMID: 37702299 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
On-surface synthesis is at the verge of emerging as the method of choice for the generation and visualization of unstable or unconventional molecules, which could not be obtained via traditional synthetic methods. A case in point is the on-surface synthesis of the structurally elusive cyclotriphosphazene (P3 N3 ), an inorganic aromatic analogue of benzene. Here, we report the preparation of this fleetingly existing species on Cu(111) and Au(111) surfaces at 5.2 K through molecular manipulation with unprecedented precision, i.e., voltage pulse-induced sextuple dechlorination of an ultra-small (about 6 Å) hexachlorophosphazene P3 N3 Cl6 precursor by the tip of a scanning probe microscope. Real-space atomic-level imaging of cyclotriphosphazene reveals its planar D3h -symmetric ring structure. Furthermore, this demasking strategy has been expanded to generate cyclotriphosphazene from a hexaazide precursor P3 N21 via a different stimulation method (photolysis) for complementary measurements by matrix isolation infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qigang Zhong
- Institute of Applied Physics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Artur Mardyukov
- Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ephrath Solel
- Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Daniel Ebeling
- Institute of Applied Physics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - André Schirmeisen
- Institute of Applied Physics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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11
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Chen P, Xu Q, Ding Z, Chen Q, Xu J, Cheng Z, Qiu X, Yuan B, Meng S, Yao N. Identification of a common ice nucleus on hydrophilic and hydrophobic close-packed metal surfaces. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5813. [PMID: 37726300 PMCID: PMC10509196 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41436-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Establishing a general model of heterogeneous ice nucleation has long been challenging because of the surface water structures found on different substrates. Identifying common water clusters, regardless of the underlying substrate, is one of the key steps toward solving this problem. Here, we demonstrate the presence of a common water cluster found on both hydrophilic Pt(111) and hydrophobic Cu(111) surfaces using scanning tunneling microscopy and non-contact atomic force microscopy. Water molecules self-assemble into a structure with a central flat-lying hexagon and three fused pentagonal rings, forming a cluster consisting of 15 individual water molecules. This cluster serves as a critical nucleus during ice nucleation on both surfaces: ice growth beyond this cluster bifurcates to form two-dimensional (three-dimensional) layers on hydrophilic (hydrophobic) surfaces. Our results reveal the inherent similarity and distinction at the initial stage of ice growth on hydrophilic and hydrophobic close-packed metal surfaces; thus, these observations provide initial evidence toward a general model for water-substrate interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Chen
- Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08540-8211, USA
| | - Qiuhao Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zijing Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, PR China
| | - Qing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jiyu Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhihai Cheng
- Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials & Micro-nano Devices, Renmin University of China, 100872, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, PR China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Bingkai Yuan
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou, 215123, PR China.
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, PR China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Nan Yao
- Princeton Materials Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08540-8211, USA.
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12
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Sitha S. Ortho-para interconversion of nuclear states of H 2O through replica transition state: prospect of quantum entanglement at homodromic Bjerrum defect site. J Mol Model 2023; 29:242. [PMID: 37436555 PMCID: PMC10338397 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05646-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT From a nuclear spin prospective, water exists as para and ortho nuclear spin isomers (isotopomers). Spin interconversions in isolated molecules of water are forbidden, but many recent reports have shown them to happen in bulk, through dynamic proton exchanges happening between interconnected networks of a large array of water molecules. In this contribution, a possible explanation for an unexpected slow or delayed interconversion of ortho-para water in ice observed in an earlier reported experiment is provided. Using the results of quantum mechanical investigations, we have discussed the roles played by Bjerrum defects in the dynamic proton exchanges and ortho-para spin state interconversions. We guess that at the sites of the Bjerrum defects, there are possibilities of quantum entanglements of states, through pairwise interactions. Based on the perfectly correlated exchange happening via a replica transition state, we speculate that it can have significant influences on ortho-para interconversions of water. We also conjecture that the overall ortho-para interconversion is not a continuous process, rather can be imagined to be happening serendipitously, but within the boundary of the rules of quantum mechanics. METHODS All computations were performed with Gaussian 09 program. B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) methodology was used to compute all the stationary points. Further energy corrections were computed using CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ methodology. Intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) path computations were carried out for the transition states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanyasi Sitha
- Department of Chemical Sciences, APK Campus, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa.
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13
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Tang B, Song Y, Qin M, Tian Y, Wu ZW, Jiang Y, Cao D, Xu L. Machine learning-aided atomic structure identification of interfacial ionic hydrates from AFM images. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwac282. [PMID: 37266561 PMCID: PMC10232042 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Relevant to broad applied fields and natural processes, interfacial ionic hydrates have been widely studied by using ultrahigh-resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM). However, the complex relationship between the AFM signal and the investigated system makes it difficult to determine the atomic structure of such a complex system from AFM images alone. Using machine learning, we achieved precise identification of the atomic structures of interfacial water/ionic hydrates based on AFM images, including the position of each atom and the orientations of water molecules. Furthermore, it was found that structure prediction of ionic hydrates can be achieved cost-effectively by transfer learning using neural network trained with easily available interfacial water data. Thus, this work provides an efficient and economical methodology that not only opens up avenues to determine atomic structures of more complex systems from AFM images, but may also help to interpret other scientific studies involving sophisticated experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binze Tang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Yizhi Song
- International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Mian Qin
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Ye Tian
- International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Zhen Wei Wu
- Institute of Nonequilibrium Systems, School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing100871, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Duanyun Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
- Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center, Chongqing401120, China
| | - Limei Xu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
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14
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Cobeña-Reyes J, Ye T, Martini A. Simulations of Subnanometer Scale Image Contrast in Atomic Force Microscopy of Self-Assembled Monolayers in Water. CHEMICAL & BIOMEDICAL IMAGING 2023; 1:147-156. [PMID: 37235190 PMCID: PMC10208375 DOI: 10.1021/cbmi.3c00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Achieving high-resolution images using dynamic atomic force microscopy (AFM) requires understanding how chemical and structural features of the surface affect image contrast. This understanding is particularly challenging when imaging samples in water. An initial step is to determine how well-characterized surface features interact with the AFM tip in wet environments. Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations of a model AFM tip apex oscillating in water above self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) with different chain lengths and functional groups. The amplitude response of the tip is characterized across a range of vertical distances and amplitude set points. Then relative image contrast is quantified as the difference of the amplitude response of the tip when it is positioned directly above a SAM functional group vs positioned between two functional groups. Differences in contrast between SAMs with different lengths and functional groups are explained in terms of the vertical deflection of the SAMs due to interactions with the tip and water during dynamic imaging. The knowledge gained from simulations of these simple model systems may ultimately be used to guide selection of imaging parameters for more complex surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Cobeña-Reyes
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California Merced, Merced, California 95343, United States
| | - Tao Ye
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University
of California Merced, Merced, California 95343, United States
| | - Ashlie Martini
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of
California Merced, Merced, California 95343, United States
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15
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Hsiao Y, Chou TH, Patra A, Wen YC. Momentum-dependent sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy of bonded interface layer at charged water interfaces. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg2823. [PMID: 37043576 PMCID: PMC10096568 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg2823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Interface-specific hydrogen (H)-bonding network of water directly controls the energy transfer and chemical reaction pathway at many charged aqueous interfaces, yet to characterize these bonded water layer structures remains a challenge. We now develop a sum-frequency spectroscopic scheme with varying photon momenta as an all-optic solution for retrieving the vibrational spectra of the bonded water layer and the ion diffuse layer and, hence, microscopic structural and charging information about an interface. Application of the method to a model surfactant-water interface reveals a hidden weakly donor H-bonded water species, suggesting an asymmetric hydration-shell structure of fully solvated surfactant headgroups. In another application to a zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine lipid monolayer-water interface, we find a highly polarized bonded water layer structure associating to the phosphatidylcholine headgroup, while the diffuse layer contribution is experimentally proven to be negligible. Our all-optic method offers an in situ microscopic probe of electrochemical and biological interfaces and the route toward future imaging and ultrafast dynamics studies.
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16
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Liu H, Li H, He Y, Cheng P, Zhang YQ, Feng B, Li H, Wu K, Chen L. Condensation and asymmetric amplification of chirality in achiral molecules adsorbed on an achiral surface. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2100. [PMID: 37055409 PMCID: PMC10101975 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37904-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The origin of homochirality in nature is an important but open question. Here, we demonstrate a simple organizational chiral system constructed by achiral carbon monoxide (CO) molecules adsorbed on an achiral Au(111) substrate. Combining scanning tunneling microscope (STM) measurements with density-functional-theory (DFT) calculations, two dissymmetric cluster phases consisting of chiral CO heptamers are revealed. By applied high bias voltage, the stable racemic cluster phase can be transformed into a metastable uniform phase consisting of CO monomers. Further, during the recondensation of a cluster phase after lowering down bias voltage, an enantiomeric excess and its chiral amplification occur, resulting in a homochirality. Such asymmetry amplification is found to be both kinetically feasible and thermodynamically favorable. Our observations provide insight into the physicochemical origin of homochirality through surface adsorption and suggest a general phenomenon that can influence enantioselective chemical processes such as chiral separations and heterogeneous asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiru Liu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- School of physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Heping Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Yu He
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- School of physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- School of physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yi-Qi Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- School of physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Baojie Feng
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- School of physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
| | - Kehui Wu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China.
- School of physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, PR China.
| | - Lan Chen
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China.
- School of physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, PR China.
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17
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Wang Y, Fu Q, Shen X. Promotion Effect of Well-Defined Deposited Water Layer on Carbon Monoxide Oxidation Catalyzed by Single-Atom Alloys. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3498-3505. [PMID: 37014142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Single-atom alloys (SAAs) exhibit excellent catalytic performance and unique electronic structures, emerging as promising catalysts for potential industrial reactions. While most of them have been widely employed under reducing conditions, few are applied in oxidation reactions. Herein, using density functional theory calculations and microkinetic simulations, we demonstrate that a well-defined one water layer can improve CO oxidation on model SAAs, with reaction rates increased by orders of magnitude. It is found that the formation of hydrogen bonds and the transfer of charges effectively enhance the adsorption and activation of oxygen molecules at the H2O/SAA interfaces, which not only increases the surface coverage of O2 species but also reduces the energy barrier of CO oxidation. The proposed strategy in this work would extend the application range of SAA catalysts to oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Future Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
| | - Xiangjian Shen
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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18
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Zhang H, Sundaresan S, Webb MA. Molecular Dynamics Investigation of Nanoscale Hydrophobicity of Polymer Surfaces: What Makes Water Wet? J Phys Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37043668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The wettability of a polymer surface─related to its hydrophobicity or tendency to repel water─can be crucial for determining its utility, such as for a coating or a purification membrane. While wettability is commonly associated with the macroscopic measurement of a contact angle between surface, water, and air, the molecular physics that underlie these macroscopic observations are not fully known, and anticipating the relative behavior of different polymers is challenging. To address this gap in molecular-level understanding, we use molecular dynamics simulations to investigate and contrast interactions of water with six chemically distinct polymers: polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, poly(methyl methacrylate), Nylon-66, and poly(vinyl alcohol). We show that several prospective quantitative metrics for hydrophobicity agree well with experimental contact angles. Moreover, the behavior of water in proximity to these polymer surfaces can be distinguished with analysis of interfacial water dynamics, extent of hydrogen bonding, and molecular orientation─even when macroscopic measures of hydrophobicity are similar. The predominant factor dictating wettability is found to be the extent of hydrogen bonding between polymer and water, but the precise manifestation of hydrogen bonding and its impact on surface water structure varies. In the absence of hydrogen bonding, other molecular interactions and polymer mechanics control hydrophobic ordering. These results provide new insights into how polymer chemistry specifically impacts water-polymer interactions and translates to surface hydrophobicity. Such factors may facilitate the design or processing of polymer surfaces to achieve targeted wetting behavior, and presented analyses can be useful in studying the interfacial physics of other systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Sankaran Sundaresan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Michael A Webb
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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19
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Garcia R. Interfacial Liquid Water on Graphite, Graphene, and 2D Materials. ACS NANO 2023; 17:51-69. [PMID: 36507725 PMCID: PMC10664075 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The optical, electronic, and mechanical properties of graphite, few-layer, and two-dimensional (2D) materials have prompted a considerable number of applications. Biosensing, energy storage, and water desalination illustrate applications that require a molecular-scale understanding of the interfacial water structure on 2D materials. This review introduces the most recent experimental and theoretical advances on the structure of interfacial liquid water on graphite-like and 2D materials surfaces. On pristine conditions, atomic-scale resolution experiments revealed the existence of 1-3 hydration layers. Those layers were separated by ∼0.3 nm. The experimental data were supported by molecular dynamics simulations. However, under standard working conditions, atomic-scale resolution experiments revealed the presence of 2-3 hydrocarbon layers. Those layers were separated by ∼0.5 nm. Linear alkanes were the dominant molecular specie within the hydrocarbon layers. Paradoxically, the interface of an aged 2D material surface immersed in water does not have water molecules on its vicinity. Free-energy considerations favored the replacement of water by alkanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Garcia
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales
de Madrid, CSIC, c/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049Madrid, Spain
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20
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Chen H, Blatnik MA, Ritterhoff CL, Sokolović I, Mirabella F, Franceschi G, Riva M, Schmid M, Čechal J, Meyer B, Diebold U, Wagner M. Water Structures Reveal Local Hydrophobicity on the In 2O 3(111) Surface. ACS NANO 2022; 16:21163-21173. [PMID: 36449748 PMCID: PMC9798908 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c09115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Clean oxide surfaces are generally hydrophilic. Water molecules anchor at undercoordinated surface metal atoms that act as Lewis acid sites, and they are stabilized by H bonds to undercoordinated surface oxygens. The large unit cell of In2O3(111) provides surface atoms in various configurations, which leads to chemical heterogeneity and a local deviation from this general rule. Experiments (TPD, XPS, nc-AFM) agree quantitatively with DFT calculations and show a series of distinct phases. The first three water molecules dissociate at one specific area of the unit cell and desorb above room temperature. The next three adsorb as molecules in the adjacent region. Three more water molecules rearrange this structure and an additional nine pile up above the OH groups. Despite offering undercoordinated In and O sites, the rest of the unit cell is unfavorable for adsorption and remains water-free. The first water layer thus shows ordering into nanoscopic 3D water clusters separated by hydrophobic pockets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, 1040Vienna, Austria
- State
Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute
of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian116023, China
- University
of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Matthias A. Blatnik
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, 1040Vienna, Austria
- Central
European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Brno University of Technology, 61200Brno, Czech
Republic
| | - Christian L. Ritterhoff
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) and Computer Chemistry Center
(CCC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91052Erlangen, Germany
| | - Igor Sokolović
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, 1040Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Michele Riva
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, 1040Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Schmid
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, 1040Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan Čechal
- Central
European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Brno University of Technology, 61200Brno, Czech
Republic
| | - Bernd Meyer
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) and Computer Chemistry Center
(CCC), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91052Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Diebold
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, 1040Vienna, Austria
| | - Margareta Wagner
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, 1040Vienna, Austria
- Central
European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Brno University of Technology, 61200Brno, Czech
Republic
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21
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Perturbative vibration of the coupled hydrogen-bond (O:H-O) in water. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 310:102809. [PMID: 36356480 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Perturbation Raman spectroscopy has underscored the hydrogen bond (O:H-O or HB) cooperativity and polarizability (HBCP) for water, which offers a proper parameter space for the performance of the HB and electrons in the energy-space-time domains. The OO repulsive coupling drives the O:H-O segmental length and energy to relax cooperatively upon perturbation. Mechanical compression shortens and stiffens the O:H nonbond while lengthens and softens the HO bond associated with polarization. However, electrification by an electric field or charge injection, or molecular undercoordination at a surface, relaxes the O:H-O in a contrasting way to the compression with derivation of the supersolid phase that is viscoelastic, less dense, thermally diffusive, and mechanically and thermally more stable. The HO bond exhibits negative thermal expansivity in the liquid and the ice-I phase while its length responds in proportional to temperature in the quasisolid phase. The O:H-O relaxation modifies the mass densities, phase boundaries, critical temperatures and the polarization endows the slipperiness of ice and superfluidity of water at the nanometer scale. Protons injection by acid solvation creates the H↔H anti-HB and introduction of electron lone pairs derives the O:⇔:O super-HB into the solutions of base or H2O2 hydrogen-peroxide. The repulsive H↔H and O:⇔:O interactions lengthen the solvent HO bond while the solute HO bond contracts because its bond order loss. Differential phonon spectroscopy quantifies the abundance, structure order, and stiffness of the bonds transiting from the mode of pristine water to the perturbed states. The HBCP and the perturbative spectroscopy have enabled the dynamic potentials for the relaxing O:H-O bond. Findings not only amplified the power of the Raman spectroscopy but also substantiated the understanding of anomalies of water subjecting to perturbation.
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22
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Cai S, Kurki L, Xu C, Foster AS, Liljeroth P. Water Dimer-Driven DNA Base Superstructure with Mismatched Hydrogen Bonding. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:20227-20231. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuning Cai
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Lauri Kurki
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Adam S. Foster
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Peter Liljeroth
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
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Lai Z, Shen M, Shen Y, Ye YX, Zhu F, Xu J, Ouyang G. Hydrogen bond networks in gas-phase complex anions. RSC Adv 2022; 12:29137-29142. [PMID: 36320744 PMCID: PMC9558071 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05029c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen bond networks (HBNs) have piqued the interest of the scientific community due to their crucial roles in nature. However, HBNs that are isolated from complicated backgrounds for unraveling their characteristics are still scarce. Herein, we propose that HBNs exist in complex anions formed between α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) and four benzoic acids (RBAs) in the gas phase. The complex anions are facilely extracted from solutions via the electrospray ionization technique, and subsequently activated through collision for the investigation of their transition dynamics. It is revealed that the generation of deprotonated α-CD and neutral RBAs is the unexpected dominant dissociation pathway for all the four complex anions, and the complex anions formed from more acidic RBAs exhibit higher stabilities. These dissociation results are successfully explained by the cooperative stretching dynamics of the proposed HBNs that are formed involving the intramolecular HBN of α-CD and the intermolecular hydrogen bonds (HBs) between α-CD and RBAs. Furthermore, the rarely observed low barrier HBs (LBHBs) are suggested to be present in the HBNs. It is believed that the present complex anions can serve as a facilely accessible and informative model for studying HBNs in the future. Hydrogen bond networks and low barrier hydrogen bonds are demonstrated in the complex anions formed between α-cyclodextrin and benzoic acids.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhisheng Lai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510006China
| | - Minhui Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510006China
| | - Yong Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510006China
| | - Yu-Xin Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510006China
| | - Fang Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510006China
| | - Jianqiao Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510006China
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510006China,College of Chemistry, Center of Advanced Analysis and Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency Testing for Dangerous Chemicals, Guangdong Institute of Analysis (China National Analytical Center Guangzhou), Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510070China
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24
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Raghuram E, Padmarajan R, Kalpathy SK. Hydrogen bond induced solvent ordering in aqueous poly (sodium p-styrenesulfonate). POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Yang P, Zhang C, Sun W, Dong J, Cao D, Guo J, Jiang Y. Robustness of Bilayer Hexagonal Ice against Surface Symmetry and Corrugation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:046001. [PMID: 35939030 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.046001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) bilayer hexagonal ice (BHI) is regarded as the first intrinsic 2D ice crystal. However, the robustness of such a structure or its derivatives against surface symmetry and corrugation is still unclear. Here, we report the formation of 2D BHI on gold surfaces with 1D corrugation, using noncontact atomic force microscopy. The hexagonal arrangement of the first wetting layer was visualized on the Au(110)-1×2 surface. Upon depositing more water molecules, the first layer would rearrange and shrink, resulting in the formation of buckled BHI. Such a buckled BHI is hydrophobic despite the appearance of dangling OH, due to the strong interlayer bonding. Furthermore, the BHI is also stable on the Au(100)-5×28 surface. This work reveals the unexpected generality of the BHI on corrugated surfaces with nonhexagonal symmetry, thus shedding new light on the microscopic understandings of the low-dimensional ice formation on solid surfaces or under confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Yang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wenyu Sun
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jia Dong
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Duanyun Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Jing Guo
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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26
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Tian Y, Hong J, Cao D, You S, Song Y, Cheng B, Wang Z, Guan D, Liu X, Zhao Z, Li XZ, Xu LM, Guo J, Chen J, Wang EG, Jiang Y. Visualizing Eigen/Zundel cations and their interconversion in monolayer water on metal surfaces. Science 2022; 377:315-319. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abo0823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The nature of hydrated proton on solid surfaces is of vital importance in electrochemistry, proton channels, and hydrogen fuel cells but remains unclear because of the lack of atomic-scale characterization. We directly visualized Eigen- and Zundel-type hydrated protons within the hydrogen bonding water network on Au(111) and Pt(111) surfaces, using cryogenic qPlus-based atomic force microscopy under ultrahigh vacuum. We found that the Eigen cations self-assembled into monolayer structures with local order, and the Zundel cations formed long-range ordered structures stabilized by nuclear quantum effects. Two Eigen cations could combine into one Zundel cation accompanied with a simultaneous proton transfer to the surface. Moreover, we revealed that the Zundel configuration was preferred over the Eigen on Pt(111), and such a preference was absent on Au(111).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiani Hong
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Duanyun Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Sifan You
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yizhi Song
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bowei Cheng
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhichang Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Dong Guan
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xinmeng Liu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhengpu Zhao
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xin-Zheng Li
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Li-Mei Xu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jing Guo
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ji Chen
- School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - En-Ge Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Lab, Institute of Physics, CAS and School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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27
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Sugimoto Y. Seeing how ice breaks the rule. Science 2022; 377:264-265. [DOI: 10.1126/science.add0841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Basic defects in ice monolayers are seen using a microscope
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Sugimoto
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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28
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Guo J, Jiang Y. Submolecular Insights into Interfacial Water by Hydrogen-Sensitive Scanning Probe Microscopy. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:1680-1692. [PMID: 35678704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusWater-solid interfaces have attracted extensive attention because of their crucial roles in a wide range of chemical and physical processes, such as ice nucleation and growth, dissolution, corrosion, heterogeneous catalysis, and electrochemistry. To understand these processes, enormous efforts have been made to obtain a molecular-level understanding of the structure and dynamics of water on various solid surfaces. By the use of scanning probe microscopy (SPM), many remarkable structures of H-bonding networks have been directly visualized, significantly advancing our understanding of the delicate competition between water-water and water-solid interactions. Moreover, the detailed dynamics of water molecules, such as diffusion, clustering, dissociation, and intermolecular and intramolecular proton transfer, have been investigated in a well-controlled manner by tip manipulation. However, resolving the submolecular structure of surface water has remained a great challenge for a long time because of the small size and light mass of protons. Discerning the position of hydrogen in water is not only crucial for the accurate determination of the structure of H-bonding networks but also indispensable in probing the proton transfer dynamics and the quantum nature of protons.In this Account, we focus on the recent advances in the H-sensitive SPM technique and its applications in probing the structures, dynamics, and nuclear quantum effects (NQEs) of surface water and ion hydrates at the submolecular level. First, we introduce the development of high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/S) and qPlus-based atomic force microscopy (qPlus-AFM), which allow access to the degrees of freedom of protons in both real and energy space. qPlus-AFM even allows imaging of interfacial water in a weakly perturbative manner by measuring the high-order electrostatic force between the CO-terminated tip and the polar water molecule, which enables the subtle difference of OH directionality to be discerned. Next we showcase the applications of H-sensitive STM/AFM in addressing several key issues related to water-solid interfaces. The surface wetting behavior and the H-bonding structure of low-dimensional ice on various hydrophilic and hydrophobic solid surfaces are characterized at the atomic scale. Then we discuss the quantitative assessment of NQEs of surface water, including proton tunneling and quantum delocalization. Moreover, the weakly perturbative and H-sensitive SPM technique can be also extended to investigations of water-ion interactions on solid surfaces, revealing the effect of hydration structure on the interfacial ion transport. Finally, we provide an outlook on the further directions and challenges for SPM studies of water-solid interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.,Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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29
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Telychko M, Edalatmanesh S, Leng K, Abdelwahab I, Guo N, Zhang C, Mendieta-Moreno JI, Nachtigall M, Li J, Loh KP, Jelínek P, Lu J. Sub-angstrom noninvasive imaging of atomic arrangement in 2D hybrid perovskites. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabj0395. [PMID: 35486735 PMCID: PMC9054006 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj0395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive imaging of the atomic arrangement in two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden-Popper hybrid perovskites (RPPs) is challenging because of the insulating nature and softness of the organic layers. Here, we demonstrate a sub-angstrom resolution imaging of both soft organic layers and inorganic framework in a prototypical 2D lead-halide RPP crystal via combined tip-functionalized scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and noncontact atomic force microscopy (ncAFM) corroborated by theoretical simulations. STM measurements unveil the atomic reconstruction of the inorganic lead-halide lattice and overall twin-domain composition of the RPP crystal, while ncAFM measurements with a CO-tip enable nonperturbative visualization of the cooperative reordering of surface organic cations driven by their hydrogen bonding interactions with the inorganic lattice. Moreover, such a joint technique also allows for the atomic-scale imaging of the electrostatic potential variation across the twin-domain walls, revealing alternating quasi-1D electron and hole channels at neighboring twin boundaries, which may influence in-plane exciton transport and dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykola Telychko
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Shayan Edalatmanesh
- Institute of Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kai Leng
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ibrahim Abdelwahab
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM), National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117546, Singapore
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Blk S12, Science Drive 3, Singapore 117551, Singapore
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Blk S12, Science Drive 3, Singapore 117551, Singapore
| | | | - Matyas Nachtigall
- Institute of Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jing Li
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM), National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117546, Singapore
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Corresponding author. (J.L.); (P.J.); (K.P.L.)
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Institute of Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Corresponding author. (J.L.); (P.J.); (K.P.L.)
| | - Jiong Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM), National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117546, Singapore
- Corresponding author. (J.L.); (P.J.); (K.P.L.)
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30
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Zhong Q, Niu K, Chen L, Zhang H, Ebeling D, Björk J, Müllen K, Schirmeisen A, Chi L. Substrate-Modulated Synthesis of Metal-Organic Hybrids by Tunable Multiple Aryl-Metal Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8214-8222. [PMID: 35442656 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Assembly of semiconducting organic molecules with multiple aryl-metal covalent bonds into stable one- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) metal-organic frameworks represents a promising route to the integration of single-molecule electronics in terms of structural robustness and charge transport efficiency. Although various metastable organometallic frameworks have been constructed by the extensive use of single aryl-metal bonds, it remains a great challenge to embed multiple aryl-metal bonds into these structures due to inadequate knowledge of harnessing such complex bonding motifs. Here, we demonstrate the substrate-modulated synthesis of 1D and 2D metal-organic hybrids (MOHs) with the organic building blocks (perylene) interlinked solely with multiple aryl-metal bonds via the stepwise thermal dehalogenation of 3,4,9,10-tetrabromo-1,6,7,12-tetrachloroperylene and subsequent metal-organic connection on metal surfaces. More importantly, the conversion from 1D to 2D MOHs is completely impeded on Au(111) but dominant on Ag(111). We comprehensively study the distinct reaction pathways on the two surfaces by visually tracking the structural evolution of the MOHs with high-resolution scanning tunneling and noncontact atomic force microscopy, supported by first-principles density functional theory calculations. The substrate-dependent structural control of the MOHs is attributed to the variation of the M-X (M = Au, Ag; X = C, Cl) bond strength regulated by the nature of the metal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qigang Zhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China.,Institute of Applied Physics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Kaifeng Niu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China.,Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, IFM, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Long Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Haiming Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China
| | - Daniel Ebeling
- Institute of Applied Physics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jonas Björk
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, IFM, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - André Schirmeisen
- Institute of Applied Physics, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Lifeng Chi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China
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31
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32
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Cheng B, Wu D, Bian K, Tian Y, Guo C, Liu K, Jiang Y. A qPlus-based scanning probe microscope compatible with optical measurements. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:043701. [PMID: 35489886 DOI: 10.1063/5.0082369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We design and develop a scanning probe microscope (SPM) system based on the qPlus sensor for atomic-scale optical experiments. The microscope operates under ultrahigh vacuum and low temperature (6.2 K). In order to obtain high efficiency of light excitation and collection, two front lenses with high numerical apertures (N.A. = 0.38) driven by compact nano-positioners are directly integrated on the scanner head without degrading its mechanical and thermal stability. The electric noise floor of the background current is 5 fA/Hz1/2, and the maximum vibrational noise of the tip height is below 200 fm/Hz1/2. The drift of the tip-sample spacing is smaller than 0.1 pm/min. Such a rigid scanner head yields small background noise (oscillation amplitude of ∼2 pm without excitation) and high quality factor (Q factor up to 140 000) for the qPlus sensor. Atomic-resolution imaging and inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy are obtained under the scanning tunneling microscope mode on the Au(111) surface. The hydrogen-bonding structure of two-dimensional (2D) ice on the Au(111) surface is clearly resolved under the atomic force microscope (AFM) mode with a CO-terminated tip. Finally, the electroluminescence spectrum from a plasmonic AFM tip is demonstrated, which paves the way for future photon-assisted SPM experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowei Cheng
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Da Wu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ke Bian
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ye Tian
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chaoyu Guo
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Kaihui Liu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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33
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Xie L, Ding Y, Li D, Zhang C, Wu Y, Sun L, Liu M, Qiu X, Xu W. Local Chiral Inversion of Thymine Dimers by Manipulating Single Water Molecules. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5023-5028. [PMID: 35285637 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Water, as one of the most important and indispensable small molecules in vivo, plays a crucial role in driving biological self-assembly processes. Real-space detection and identification of water-induced organic structures and further capture of dynamic dehydration processes are important yet challenging, which would help to reveal the cooperation and competition mechanisms among water-involved noncovalent interactions. Herein, introduction of water molecules onto the self-assembled thymine (T) structures under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions results in the hydration of hydrogen-bonded T dimers forming a well-ordered water-involved T structure. Reversibly, a local dehydration process is achieved by in situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) manipulation on single water molecules, where the adjacent T dimers connected with water molecules undergo a local chiral inversion process with the hydrogen-bonding configuration preserved. Such a strategy enables real-space identification and detection of the interactions between water and organic molecules, which may also shed light on the understanding of biologically relevant self-assembly processes driven by water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xie
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanqi Ding
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China
| | - Donglin Li
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangfan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Luye Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xu
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, People's Republic of China
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34
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Zahl P, Yakutovich AV, Ventura-Macías E, Carracedo-Cosme J, Romero-Muñiz C, Pou P, Sadowski JT, Hybertsen MS, Pérez R. Hydrogen bonded trimesic acid networks on Cu(111) reveal how basic chemical properties are imprinted in HR-AFM images. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:18473-18482. [PMID: 34580697 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04471k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
High resolution non-contact atomic force microscopy measurements characterize assemblies of trimesic acid molecules on Cu(111) and the link group interactions, providing the first fingerprints utilizing CO-based probes for this widely studied paradigm for hydrogen bond driven molecular self assembly. The enhanced submolecular resolution offered by this technique uniquely reveals key aspects of the competing interactions. Accurate comparison between full-density-based modeled images and experiment allows to identify key structural elements in the assembly in terms of the electron-withdrawing character of the carboxylic groups, interactions of those groups with Cu atoms in the surface, and the valence electron density in the intermolecular region of the hydrogen bonds. This study of trimesic acid assemblies on Cu(111) combining high resolution atomic force microscopy measurements with theory and simulation forges clear connections between fundamental chemical properties of molecules and key features imprinted in force images with submolecular resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Percy Zahl
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA.
| | - Aliaksandr V Yakutovich
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), nanotech@surfaces laboratory, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Emiliano Ventura-Macías
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Carracedo-Cosme
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Quasar Science Resources S.L., Camino de las Ceudas 2, E-28232 Las Rozas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Romero-Muñiz
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ctra. Utrera Km. 1, E-41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Pablo Pou
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jerzy T Sadowski
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA.
| | - Mark S Hybertsen
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA.
| | - Rubén Pérez
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
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35
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Cao D, Song Y, Tang B, Xu L. Advances in Atomic Force Microscopy: Imaging of Two- and Three-Dimensional Interfacial Water. Front Chem 2021; 9:745446. [PMID: 34631666 PMCID: PMC8493245 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.745446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Interfacial water is closely related to many core scientific and technological issues, covering a broad range of fields, such as material science, geochemistry, electrochemistry and biology. The understanding of the structure and dynamics of interfacial water is the basis of dealing with a series of issues in science and technology. In recent years, atomic force microscopy (AFM) with ultrahigh resolution has become a very powerful option for the understanding of the complex structural and dynamic properties of interfacial water on solid surfaces. In this perspective, we provide an overview of the application of AFM in the study of two dimensional (2D) or three dimensional (3D) interfacial water, and present the prospect and challenges of the AFM-related techniques in experiments and simulations, in order to gain a better understanding of the physicochemical properties of interfacial water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duanyun Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yizhi Song
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - BinZe Tang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Limei Xu
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Light-Element Quantum Materials and Research Center for Light-Element Advanced Materials, Peking University, Beijing, China
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36
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Li J, Long Y, Hu Z, Niu J, Xu T, Yu M, Li B, Li X, Zhou J, Liu Y, Wang C, Shen L, Guo W, Yin J. Kinetic photovoltage along semiconductor-water interfaces. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4998. [PMID: 34404782 PMCID: PMC8371154 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25318-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
External photo-stimuli on heterojunctions commonly induce an electric potential gradient across the interface therein, such as photovoltaic effect, giving rise to various present-day technical devices. In contrast, in-plane potential gradient along the interface has been rarely observed. Here we show that scanning a light beam can induce a persistent in-plane photoelectric voltage along, instead of across, silicon-water interfaces. It is attributed to the following movement of a charge packet in the vicinity of the silicon surface, whose formation is driven by the light-induced potential change across the capacitive interface and a high permittivity of water with large polarity. Other polar liquids and hydrogel on silicon also allow the generation of the in-plane photovoltage, which is, however, negligible for nonpolar liquids. Based on the finding, a portable silicon-hydrogel array has been constructed for detecting the shadow path of a moving Cubaris. Our study opens a window for silicon-based photoelectronics through introducing semiconductor-water interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jidong Li
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyang Long
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhili Hu
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyuan Niu
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiezhu Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Maolin Yu
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Baowen Li
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanpeng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Laifa Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanlin Guo
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
- Institute for Frontier Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Yin
- Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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37
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Giessibl FJ. Probing the Nature of Chemical Bonds by Atomic Force Microscopy. Molecules 2021; 26:4068. [PMID: 34279408 PMCID: PMC8271455 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The nature of the chemical bond is important in all natural sciences, ranging from biology to chemistry, physics and materials science. The atomic force microscope (AFM) allows to put a single chemical bond on the test bench, probing its strength and angular dependence. We review experimental AFM data, covering precise studies of van-der-Waals-, covalent-, ionic-, metallic- and hydrogen bonds as well as bonds between artificial and natural atoms. Further, we discuss some of the density functional theory calculations that are related to the experimental studies of the chemical bonds. A description of frequency modulation AFM, the most precise AFM method, discusses some of the experimental challenges in measuring bonding forces. In frequency modulation AFM, forces between the tip of an oscillating cantilever change its frequency. Initially, cantilevers were made mainly from silicon. Most of the high precision measurements of bonding strengths by AFM became possible with a technology transfer from the quartz watch technology to AFM by using quartz-based cantilevers ("qPlus force sensors"), briefly described here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz J Giessibl
- Chair for Quantum Nanoscience, Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
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38
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Cahlík A, Hellerstedt J, Mendieta-Moreno JI, Švec M, Santhini VM, Pascal S, Soler-Polo D, Erlingsson SI, Výborný K, Mutombo P, Marsalek O, Siri O, Jelínek P. Significance Of Nuclear Quantum Effects In Hydrogen Bonded Molecular Chains. ACS NANO 2021; 15:10357-10365. [PMID: 34033457 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In hydrogen-bonded systems, nuclear quantum effects such as zero-point motion and tunneling can significantly affect their material properties through underlying physical and chemical processes. Presently, direct observation of the influence of nuclear quantum effects on the strength of hydrogen bonds with resulting structural and electronic implications remains elusive, leaving opportunities for deeper understanding to harness their fascinating properties. We studied hydrogen-bonded one-dimensional quinonediimine molecular networks which may adopt two isomeric electronic configurations via proton transfer. Herein, we demonstrate that concerted proton transfer promotes a delocalization of π-electrons along the molecular chain, which enhances the cohesive energy between molecular units, increasing the mechanical stability of the chain and giving rise to distinctive electronic in-gap states localized at the ends. These findings demonstrate the identification of a class of isomeric hydrogen-bonded molecular systems where nuclear quantum effects play a dominant role in establishing their chemical and physical properties. This identification is a step toward the control of mechanical and electronic properties of low-dimensional molecular materials via concerted proton tunneling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleš Cahlík
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnicka 10, CZ-16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Břehová 78/7, CZ-11519 Prague 1, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jack Hellerstedt
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnicka 10, CZ-16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jesús I Mendieta-Moreno
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnicka 10, CZ-16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Švec
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnicka 10, CZ-16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vijai M Santhini
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnicka 10, CZ-16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Simon Pascal
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, UMR 7325, Campus de Luminy, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 09 France
| | - Diego Soler-Polo
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus Cantoblanco, ES-28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sigurdur I Erlingsson
- School of Science and Engineering, Reykjavik University, Menntavegi 1, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Karel Výborný
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnicka 10, CZ-16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pingo Mutombo
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnicka 10, CZ-16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Petrochemistry and Refining, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Ondrej Marsalek
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Ke Karlovu 3, CZ-12116 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Olivier Siri
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, UMR 7325, Campus de Luminy, F-13288 Marseille Cedex 09 France
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Cukrovarnicka 10, CZ-16200 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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39
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Shiotari A, Putra SEM, Shiozawa Y, Hamamoto Y, Inagaki K, Morikawa Y, Sugimoto Y, Yoshinobu J, Hamada I. Role of Intermolecular Interactions in the Catalytic Reaction of Formic Acid on Cu(111). SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2008010. [PMID: 33759365 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202008010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Formic acid (HCOOH) can be catalytically decomposed into H2 and CO2 and is a promising hydrogen storage material. As H2 production catalysts, Cu surfaces allow selective HCOOH decarboxylation; however, the on-surface HCOOH decomposition reaction pathway remains controversial. In this study, the temperature dependence of the HCOOH/Cu(111) adsorption structures is elucidated by scanning tunneling microscopy and non-contact atomic force microscopy, establishing the adsorbate chemical species using density functional theory. 2D HCOOH islands at 80 K, linear chains of HCOOH and monodentate formate at 150 K, chain-like assemblies of monodentate and bidentate formate at 200 K, and bidentate formate clusters at 300 K are observed. At each temperature, the adsorbates experience attractive interactions among themselves. Such aggregation stabilizes them against desorption and decomposition. Thus, accurate evaluation of intermolecular interactions is essential to understand catalytic reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akitoshi Shiotari
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
| | - Septia Eka Marsha Putra
- Department of Precision Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Shiozawa
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Yuji Hamamoto
- Department of Precision Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8520, Japan
| | - Kouji Inagaki
- Department of Precision Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8520, Japan
| | - Yoshitada Morikawa
- Department of Precision Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8520, Japan
- Research Center for Ultra-Precision Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Sugimoto
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
| | - Jun Yoshinobu
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Ikutaro Hamada
- Department of Precision Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries (ESICB), Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8520, Japan
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40
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Xu J, Zhu X, Tan S, Zhang Y, Li B, Tian Y, Shan H, Cui X, Zhao A, Dong Z, Yang J, Luo Y, Wang B, Hou JG. Determining structural and chemical heterogeneities of surface species at the single-bond limit. Science 2021; 371:818-822. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abd1827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiang Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shijing Tan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bin Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yunzhe Tian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Huan Shan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xuefeng Cui
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Aidi Zhao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhenchao Dong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - J. G. Hou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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41
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Zhang F, Yu L, Zhang W, Liu L, Wang C. A minireview on the perturbation effects of polar groups to direct nanoscale hydrophobic interaction and amphiphilic peptide assembly. RSC Adv 2021; 11:28667-28673. [PMID: 35478591 PMCID: PMC9038178 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05463e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrophobic interaction provides the essential driving force for creating diverse native and artificial supramolecular architectures. Accumulating evidence leads to a hypothesis that the hydrophobicity of a nonpolar patch of a molecule is non-additive and susceptible to the chemical context of a judicious polar patch. However, the quantification of the hydrophobic interaction at the nanoscale remains a central challenge to validate the hypothesis. In this review, we aim to outline the recent efforts made to determine the hydrophobic interaction at a nanoscopic length scale. The advances achieved in the understanding of proximal polar groups perturbing the magnitude of hydrophobic interaction generated by the nonpolar patch are introduced. We will also discuss the influence of chemical heterogeneity on the modulation of amphiphilic peptide/protein assembly and molecular recognition. Hydrophobic interaction provides the essential driving force for creating diverse native and artificial supramolecular architectures.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyi Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Materials, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Lanlan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute for Advanced Materials, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Chenxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
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42
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Laflör L, Reichling M, Rahe P. Protruding hydrogen atoms as markers for the molecular orientation of a metallocene. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 11:1432-1438. [PMID: 33029472 PMCID: PMC7522462 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.11.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A distinct dumbbell shape is observed as the dominant contrast feature in the experimental data when imaging 1,1'-ferrocene dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) molecules on bulk and thin film CaF2(111) surfaces with non-contact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM). We use NC-AFM image calculations with the probe particle model to interpret this distinct shape by repulsive interactions between the NC-AFM tip and the top hydrogen atoms of the cyclopentadienyl (Cp) rings. Simulated NC-AFM images show an excellent agreement with experimental constant-height NC-AFM data of FDCA molecules at several tip-sample distances. By measuring this distinct dumbbell shape together with the molecular orientation, a strategy is proposed to determine the conformation of the ferrocene moiety, herein on CaF2(111) surfaces, by using the protruding hydrogen atoms as markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Laflör
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Michael Reichling
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Philipp Rahe
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 7, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
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43
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Liebig A, Hapala P, Weymouth AJ, Giessibl FJ. Quantifying the evolution of atomic interaction of a complex surface with a functionalized atomic force microscopy tip. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14104. [PMID: 32839507 PMCID: PMC7445177 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Terminating the tip of an atomic force microscope with a CO molecule allows data to be acquired with a well-known and inert apex. Previous studies have shown conflicting results regarding the electrostatic interaction, indicating in some cases that the negative charge at the apex of the CO dominates, whereas in other cases the positive charge at the end of the metal tip dominates. To clarify this, we investigated [Formula: see text](111). [Formula: see text] is an ionic crystal and the (111) surface does not possess charge inversion symmetry. Far from the surface, the interaction is dominated by electrostatics via the negative charge at the apex. Closer to the surface, Pauli repulsion and CO bending dominate, which leads to an unexpected appearance of the complex 3-atom unit cell. We compare simulated data in which the electrostatics are modeled by point particles versus a charge density calculated by DFT. We also compare modeling Pauli repulsion via individual Lennard-Jones potentials versus a total charge density overlap. In doing so, we determine forcefield parameters useful for future investigations of biochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Liebig
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Prokop Hapala
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland.,Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Alfred J Weymouth
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Franz J Giessibl
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany.
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44
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Besford QA, Christofferson AJ, Kalayan J, Sommer JU, Henchman RH. The Attraction of Water for Itself at Hydrophobic Quartz Interfaces. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:6369-6375. [PMID: 32589426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c04545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Structural forces within aqueous water at a solid interface can significantly change surface reactivity and the affinity of solutes toward it. We show using molecular dynamics simulations how hydrophilic and hydrophobic quartz surfaces perturb the orientational structure of aqueous water, ultimately strengthening dipolar forces between molecules in proximity to the interface. When derived as a function of distance from each surface, it was found that both surfaces indirectly enhance the long-range dipolar attraction of water for itself toward the interfacial region. This was found to be longer-ranged for water molecules solvating the hydrophobic surface than those solvating the hydrophilic surface, with a range of up to 2.5 nm from the hydrophobic surface. Our results give direct quantification of surface-induced changes in solvent-solvent attraction, ultimately providing a counterintuitive addition to the balance of hydrophobic forces at aqueous-solid interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn A Besford
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz Institute for Polymer Research Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Jas Kalayan
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.,School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Jens-Uwe Sommer
- Institute Theory of Polymers, Leibniz Institute for Polymer Research Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Richard H Henchman
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.,School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford M13 9PL, U.K
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45
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Zhou G, Huang L. A review of recent advances in computational and experimental analysis of first adsorbed water layer on solid substrate. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2020.1786086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guobing Zhou
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Liangliang Huang
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
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46
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Michnowicz T, Borca B, Pétuya R, Schendel V, Pristl M, Pentegov I, Kraft U, Klauk H, Wahl P, Mutombo P, Jelínek P, Arnau A, Schlickum U, Kern K. Controlling Single Molecule Conductance by a Locally Induced Chemical Reaction on Individual Thiophene Units. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6207-6212. [PMID: 31965698 PMCID: PMC7187382 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Among the prerequisites for the progress of single-molecule-based electronic devices are a better understanding of the electronic properties at the individual molecular level and the development of methods to tune the charge transport through molecular junctions. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is an ideal tool not only for the characterization, but also for the manipulation of single atoms and molecules on surfaces. The conductance through a single molecule can be measured by contacting the molecule with atomic precision and forming a molecular bridge between the metallic STM tip electrode and the metallic surface electrode. The parameters affecting the conductance are mainly related to their electronic structure and to the coupling to the metallic electrodes. Here, the experimental and theoretical analyses are focused on single tetracenothiophene molecules and demonstrate that an in situ-induced direct desulfurization reaction of the thiophene moiety strongly improves the molecular anchoring by forming covalent bonds between molecular carbon and copper surface atoms. This bond formation leads to an increase of the conductance by about 50 % compared to the initial state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Michnowicz
- Department of Nanoscale Science, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Bogdana Borca
- Department of Nanoscale Science, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.,National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor Strasse, No. 405A, 077125, Magurele, Romania.,Present address: Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstrasse 2, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rémi Pétuya
- Institution: Donostia International Physics Centre, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,Present address: University of Liverpool, Department of Chemistry, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
| | - Verena Schendel
- Department of Nanoscale Science, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Marcel Pristl
- Department of Nanoscale Science, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ivan Pentegov
- Department of Nanoscale Science, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ulrike Kraft
- Department of Organic Electronics, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.,Present address: University of Cambridge, Cavendish Laboratory, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Hagen Klauk
- Department of Organic Electronics, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peter Wahl
- Department of Nanoscale Science, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.,SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Pingo Mutombo
- Nanosurf Lab, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, Cukrovarnicka 10, 16253, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Nanosurf Lab, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science, Cukrovarnicka 10, 16253, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Andrés Arnau
- Institution: Donostia International Physics Centre, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,UPV/EHU and Material Physics Center (MPC), Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Uta Schlickum
- Department of Nanoscale Science, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.,Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 2, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Klaus Kern
- Department of Nanoscale Science, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.,Institut de Physique, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), EPFL SB IPHYS-Direction Bâtiment PH, Station 3, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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47
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Michnowicz T, Borca B, Pétuya R, Schendel V, Pristl M, Pentegov I, Kraft U, Klauk H, Wahl P, Mutombo P, Jelínek P, Arnau A, Schlickum U, Kern K. Controlling Single Molecule Conductance by a Locally Induced Chemical Reaction on Individual Thiophene Units. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Michnowicz
- Department of Nanoscale ScienceMax Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstrasse 1 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Bogdana Borca
- Department of Nanoscale ScienceMax Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstrasse 1 70569 Stuttgart Germany
- National Institute of Materials Physics Atomistilor Strasse, No. 405A 077125 Magurele Romania
- Present address: Institute of Applied PhysicsTechnische Universität Braunschweig Mendelssohnstrasse 2 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Rémi Pétuya
- Institution: Donostia International Physics Centre Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4 20018 Donostia—San Sebastián Spain
- Present address: University of LiverpoolDepartment of Chemistry Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Verena Schendel
- Department of Nanoscale ScienceMax Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstrasse 1 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Marcel Pristl
- Department of Nanoscale ScienceMax Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstrasse 1 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Ivan Pentegov
- Department of Nanoscale ScienceMax Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstrasse 1 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Ulrike Kraft
- Department of Organic ElectronicsMax Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstrasse 1 70569 Stuttgart Germany
- Present address: University of CambridgeCavendish Laboratory J J Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
| | - Hagen Klauk
- Department of Organic ElectronicsMax Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstrasse 1 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Peter Wahl
- Department of Nanoscale ScienceMax Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstrasse 1 70569 Stuttgart Germany
- SUPASchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St Andrews North Haugh St Andrews KY16 9SS UK
| | - Pingo Mutombo
- Nanosurf LabInstitute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science Cukrovarnicka 10 16253 Praha 6 Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Nanosurf LabInstitute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Science Cukrovarnicka 10 16253 Praha 6 Czech Republic
| | - Andrés Arnau
- Institution: Donostia International Physics Centre Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4 20018 Donostia—San Sebastián Spain
- UPV/EHU and Material Physics Center (MPC)Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5 20018 Donostia—San Sebastián Spain
| | - Uta Schlickum
- Department of Nanoscale ScienceMax Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstrasse 1 70569 Stuttgart Germany
- Institute of Applied PhysicsTechnische Universität Braunschweig Mendelssohnstraße 2 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Klaus Kern
- Department of Nanoscale ScienceMax Planck Institute for Solid State Research Heisenbergstrasse 1 70569 Stuttgart Germany
- Institut de PhysiqueÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) EPFL SB IPHYS-Direction Bâtiment PH, Station 3 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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48
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Monroe J, Barry M, DeStefano A, Aydogan Gokturk P, Jiao S, Robinson-Brown D, Webber T, Crumlin EJ, Han S, Shell MS. Water Structure and Properties at Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Surfaces. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2020; 11:523-557. [PMID: 32169001 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-120919-114657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The properties of water on both molecular and macroscopic surfaces critically influence a wide range of physical behaviors, with applications spanning from membrane science to catalysis to protein engineering. Yet, our current understanding of water interfacing molecular and material surfaces is incomplete, in part because measurement of water structure and molecular-scale properties challenges even the most advanced experimental characterization techniques and computational approaches. This review highlights progress in the ongoing development of tools working to answer fundamental questions on the principles that govern the interactions between water and surfaces. One outstanding and critical question is what universal molecular signatures capture the hydrophobicity of different surfaces in an operationally meaningful way, since traditional macroscopic hydrophobicity measures like contact angles fail to capture even basic properties of molecular or extended surfaces with any heterogeneity at the nanometer length scale. Resolving this grand challenge will require close interactions between state-of-the-art experiments, simulations, and theory, spanning research groups and using agreed-upon model systems, to synthesize an integrated knowledge of solvation water structure, dynamics, and thermodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Monroe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA;
| | - Mikayla Barry
- Department of Materials, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Audra DeStefano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA;
| | - Pinar Aydogan Gokturk
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Sally Jiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA;
| | - Dennis Robinson-Brown
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA;
| | - Thomas Webber
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA;
| | - Ethan J Crumlin
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Songi Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA; .,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - M Scott Shell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA;
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49
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Berwanger J, Polesya S, Mankovsky S, Ebert H, Giessibl FJ. Atomically Resolved Chemical Reactivity of Small Fe Clusters. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:096001. [PMID: 32202857 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.096001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Small metal clusters have been investigated for decades due to their beneficial catalytic activity. It was found that edges are most reactive and the number of catalytic events increases with the cluster's size. However, a direct measurement of chemical reactivity of individual atoms within the clusters has not been reported yet. We combine the high-resolution capability of CO-terminated tips in scanning probe microscopy with their ability to probe chemical binding forces on single Fe atoms to study the chemical reactivity of atom-by-atom assembled Fe clusters from 1 to 15 atoms on the atomic scale. We find that the chemical reactivity of individual atoms within flat Fe clusters does not depend on the cluster size but on the coordination number of the investigated atom. Furthermore, we explain the atomic contrast of the investigated Fe clusters by relating the force spectra of individual atoms with atomic force microscopy images of the clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Berwanger
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Svitlana Polesya
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sergiy Mankovsky
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Hubert Ebert
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Franz J Giessibl
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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50
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Li J, Xu Q, Sun L, Xu J, Hao D, Tang X, Shan X, Meng S, Lu X. Rotational and Vibrational Excitations of a Single Water Molecule by Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:1650-1655. [PMID: 32039599 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two low-energy excitations of a single water molecule are observed via inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy, where a significant enhancement is achieved by attaching the molecule to the tip apex in a scanning tunneling microscope. Density functional theory simulations and quantum mechanical calculations of an asymmetric top are carried out to reveal the origin of both excitations. Variations in tunneling junction separation give rise to the quantum confinement effect on the quantum state of a water molecule in the tunneling junction. Our results demonstrate a potential method for measuring the dynamic behavior of a single molecule confined in a tunneling junction, where the molecule-substrate interaction can be purposely tuned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qiuhao Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lihuan Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiyu Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dong Hao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiangqian Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xinyan Shan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Laboratory for Materials Science, Dongguan, Guangdong 523000, China
| | - Xinghua Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, Beijing 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Laboratory for Materials Science, Dongguan, Guangdong 523000, China
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