1
|
Chen Y, Yang S, Liu R, Xiong R, Wang Y, Li C, Zheng Y, He M, Wang W. Forecasting Myopic Maculopathy Risk Over a Decade: Development and Validation of an Interpretable Machine Learning Algorithm. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:40. [PMID: 38935031 PMCID: PMC11216278 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.6.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop and validate prediction model for myopic macular degeneration (MMD) progression in patients with high myopia. Methods The Zhongshan High Myopia Cohort for model development included 660 patients aged 7 to 70 years with a bilateral sphere of ≤-6.00 diopters (D). Two hundred twelve participants with an axial length (AL) ≥25.5 mm from the Chinese Ocular Imaging Project were used for external validation. Thirty-four clinical variables, including demographics, lifestyle, myopia history, and swept source optical coherence tomography data, were analyzed. Sequential forward selection was used for predictor selection, and binary classification models were created using five machine learning algorithms to forecast the risk of MMD progression over 10 years. Results Over a median follow-up of 10.9 years, 133 patients (20.2%) showed MMD progression in the development cohort. Among them, 69 (51.9%) developed newly-onset MMD, 11 (8.3%) developed patchy atrophy from diffuse atrophy, 54 (40.6%) showed an enlargement of lesions, and 9 (6.8%) developed plus signs. Top six predictors for MMD progression included thinner subfoveal choroidal thickness, longer AL, worse best-corrected visual acuity, older age, female gender, and shallower anterior chamber depth. The eXtreme Gradient Boosting algorithm yielded the best discriminative performance (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC] = 0.87 ± 0.02) with good calibration in the training cohort. In a less myopic external validation group (median -5.38 D), 48 patients (22.6%) developed MMD progression over 4 years, with the model's AUROC validated at 0.80 ± 0.008. Conclusions Machine learning model effectively predicts MMD progression a decade ahead using clinical and imaging indicators. This tool shows promise for identifying "at-risk" high myopes for timely intervention and vision protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaopeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Riqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruilin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yueye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingfeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingguang He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Center for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Y, Li L, Guo GL, Chen MW, Cha LL, Liao JY, Li ZY, Zou YC. Investigation and analysis of the status of myopia and related behavior in children and adolescents in Northeast Sichuan. Indian J Ophthalmol 2024; 72:S415-S422. [PMID: 38324629 PMCID: PMC467018 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1534_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, we examined the current status of myopia among primary and secondary school children in northeastern Sichuan to analyze the factors connected to myopia and provide data support and a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of myopia. METHODS Using a cross-sectional study and a comprehensive sampling survey, 34,138 students aged 5-19 years were screened for refraction in 22 primary and secondary schools in Langzhong, and 4000 behavioral questionnaires were delivered at random. After evaluation and rational problem-solving, a total of 3764 valid questionnaires were obtained. SPSS 23.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. RESULTS The percentage of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Langzhong was 65.61%, with female students having a higher rate than male students ( P < 0.05); 52.81% of primary school students, 86.26% of secondary school students, and 88.17% of high school students had myopia. The incidence of myopia detection increased with school age ( P < 0.001), indicating a correlation between age and myopia prevalence. The prevalence of myopia was mainly low (40.53%) and moderate myopia (19.89%). The prevalence of high myopia (5.19%) was relatively high. The prevalence of myopia among female students (5.54%) was greater than that in male students ( P < 0.05) and increased with age ( P < 0.001). The proportion of students who wore eyeglasses was 24.36%, with a larger proportion of female students (25.93%) than male students (22.61%) ( P < 0.001). In addition, the rate of eyeglass use increased with school age ( P < 0.001). A logistic regression analysis revealed that higher grade point averages, female gender, and long-term usage of electronic items were risk factors for myopia. The results of the questionnaire survey revealed that students in this region were under immense pressure to perform well academically, spent a lot of time engaged in near-work activities, and had a low rate of myopia awareness; 24.43% of the students had not had a vision examination in the previous year, indicating that parents did not pay sufficient attention to eye health. CONCLUSION The incidence of myopia among children and teenagers is high in Northeast Sichuan, and the outlook for addressing the problem is bleak. Therefore, it is critical to improve vision monitoring and eye health education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Optometry, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Lan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Langzhong People's Hospital, Langzhong, Sichuan, China
| | - Gui-Lan Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Langzhong People's Hospital, Langzhong, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming-Wu Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Langzhong People's Hospital, Langzhong, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei-Lei Cha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Langzhong People's Hospital, Langzhong, Sichuan, China
| | - Ji-Yun Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Langzhong People's Hospital, Langzhong, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Langzhong People's Hospital, Langzhong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yun-Chun Zou
- Department of Optometry, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College (Nanchong Central Hospital), Nanchong, China
- Nanchong Ophthalmic Hospital, Nanchong, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mérida S, Návea A, Desco C, Celda B, Pardo-Tendero M, Morales-Tatay JM, Bosch-Morell F. Glutathione and a Pool of Metabolites Partly Related to Oxidative Stress Are Associated with Low and High Myopia in an Altered Bioenergetic Environment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:539. [PMID: 38790644 PMCID: PMC11117864 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress forms part of the molecular basis contributing to the development and manifestation of myopia, a refractive error with associated pathology that is increasingly prevalent worldwide and that subsequently leads to an upsurge in degenerative visual impairment due to conditions that are especially associated with high myopia. The purpose of our study was to examine the interrelation of potential oxidative-stress-related metabolites found in the aqueous humor of high-myopic, low-myopic, and non-myopic patients within a clinical study. We conducted a cross-sectional study, selecting two sets of patients undergoing cataract surgery. The first set, which was used to analyze metabolites through an NMR assay, comprised 116 patients. A total of 59 metabolites were assigned and quantified. The PLS-DA score plot clearly showed a separation with minimal overlap between the HM and control samples. The PLS-DA model allowed us to determine 31 major metabolite differences in the aqueous humor of the study groups. Complementary statistical analysis of the data allowed us to determine six metabolites that presented significant differences among the experimental groups (p < 005). A significant number of these metabolites were discovered to have a direct or indirect connection to oxidative stress linked with conditions of myopic eyes. Notably, we identified metabolites associated with bioenergetic pathways and metabolites that have undergone methylation, along with choline and its derivatives. The second set consisted of 73 patients who underwent a glutathione assay. Here, we showed significant variations in both reduced and oxidized glutathione in aqueous humor among all patient groups (p < 0.01) for the first time. Axial length, refractive status, and complete ophthalmologic examination were also recorded, and interrelations among metabolic and clinical parameters were evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Mérida
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (S.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Amparo Návea
- Instituto de la Retina y Enfermedades Oculares, 46005 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Carmen Desco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (S.M.); (C.D.)
- Instituto de la Retina y Enfermedades Oculares, 46005 Valencia, Spain;
- FOM, Fundación de Oftalmología Médica de la Comunidad Valenciana, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Bernardo Celda
- Physical Chemistry Department, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Mercedes Pardo-Tendero
- Department of Pathology, Medicine and Odontology Faculty, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Manuel Morales-Tatay
- Department of Pathology, Medicine and Odontology Faculty, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Bosch-Morell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (S.M.); (C.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang HD, Zhang L, Han F, Lin N, Jiang W. Visualized analysis of research on myopic traction maculopathy based on CiteSpace. Int J Ophthalmol 2023; 16:2117-2124. [PMID: 38111942 PMCID: PMC10700085 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2023.12.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To analyze the global scientific output concerning myopic traction maculopathy (MTM) and to summarize the research frontiers and hot topics of MTM related researches. METHODS Data were collected for bibliometric and visualization analyses from Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection. Exported records were analyzed for titles, publication years, research institutions, journal names, authors, keywords, and abstracts using CiteSpace software version 6.1. RESULTS A total of 839 related studies were analyzed, the publication volume increased annually, with Asia the most active region of MTM research. Optical coherence tomography angiography, optical coherence tomography, macular hole, high myopia, macular buckling were identified as the focus of the current research. Progression, association, classification and shape were identified as the major research frontiers. CONCLUSION MTM is a major cause of visual loss in pathological myopic eyes. During the preceding 17y, the number of annual publications in MTM research increased gradually. Studies on the progression nature of MTM, genome-wide association study and proper classification of MTM might still be the frontiers of MTM researches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Di Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, PLA, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, PLA, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, PLA, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ning Lin
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, PLA, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, PLA, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ruiz-Moreno JM, Puertas M, Flores-Moreno I, Almazán-Alonso E, García-Zamora M, Ruiz-Medrano J. Analysis of Bilaterality and Symmetry of Posterior Staphyloma in High Myopia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2680. [PMID: 37627937 PMCID: PMC10453303 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13162680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine bilaterality and symmetry of posterior staphyloma (PS) in high myopic eyes. Methods: This cross-sectional and non-interventional study assessed 473 high myopic eyes [axial length (AL) ≥ 26 mm] of 259 patients. Patients underwent an ophthalmological examination including multimodal-imaging and myopic maculopathy grading according to Atrophic/Tractional/Neovascular (ATN) system, presence and subtype of PS, and severe pathologic myopia (PM). Bilaterality of PS and subtype's symmetry between eyes of the same patient was assessed. Four groups were analyzed: (1) bilateral vs. unilateral PS's eyes. Within bilateral group, symmetric vs. asymmetric subtypes according to (2) Curtin's classification, (3) Ohno-Matsui's classification, and (4) primary/compound subtypes. Results: Out of the total, 334 myopic eyes of 167 patients were included. The 92.8% (n = 310/334) of the eyes presented PS and was bilateral in 85.6% (n = 143/167) of the patients. Bilateral eyes showed significantly (p < 0.01) greater AL, severe PM, A and N components vs. unilateral PS. AL-difference between both eyes was greater in unilateral PS (p < 0.01). Among bilateral PS, the subtype was symmetric in 79 (55.2%), 84 (58.7%), and 115 (80.4%) patients according to Curtin's classification, Ohno-Matsui's classification, and primary/compound; respectively. The asymmetric group presented worse best-corrected visual acuity (p < 0.01), higher AL (p < 0.01), incidence of PM, and severe PM (p < 0.05). Conclusions: PS was bilateral in most of the patients without clinical differences between both eyes, being symmetrical in more than half of bilateral cases. Patients with bilateral PS showed higher myopic maculopathy, AL, and incidence of severe PM than unilateral PS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José M. Ruiz-Moreno
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, 28222 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Castilla La Mancha University, 02001 Albacete, Spain
- Miranza Corporation, 28004 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariluz Puertas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Flores-Moreno
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, 28222 Madrid, Spain
- Clínica Suárez Leoz, 28010 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Almazán-Alonso
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - María García-Zamora
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Ruiz-Medrano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, 28222 Madrid, Spain
- Miranza Corporation, 28004 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen X, Huang Y, Chen H, Liu L. Distribution and Characteristics of Ocular Biometric Parameters among a Chinese Population: A Hospital-Based Study. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:2117-2131. [PMID: 37233976 PMCID: PMC10287596 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00716-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to describe the distribution and characteristics of ocular biometric parameters among a large Chinese population. METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study included 146,748 subjects whose ocular biometric parameters were measured at the ophthalmology clinic of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and recorded in the hospital database. Ocular biometric parameters, including axial length, anterior chamber depth, corneal keratometry, and keratometric astigmatism, were recorded. Only monocular data for each subject were analyzed to avoid bias. RESULTS Valid data from 85,770 subjects (43,552 females and 42,218 males) aged 3-114 years were included in this study. The mean axial length, mean anterior chamber depth, average corneal keratometry, and mean keratometric astigmatism were 24.61 mm, 3.30 mm, 43.76 D, and 1.19 D, respectively. The stratification of the ocular parameters by age and gender showed significant inter-gender and inter-age differences. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of a large population of subjects in western China aged 3-114 years showed that the distribution and characteristics of ocular biometric parameters, including axial length, anterior chamber depth, corneal keratometry, and keratometric astigmatism, differed by age and gender. This study is the first to describe ocular biometric parameters in subjects aged > 100 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohang Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhi Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Longqian Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxuexiang 37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Laboratory of Optometry and Vision Sciences, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Schmitz J, Abbondanza F, Marianski K, Luciano M, Paracchini S. Identification of loci involved in childhood visual acuity and associations with cognitive skills and educational attainment. NPJ SCIENCE OF LEARNING 2023; 8:25. [PMID: 37491545 PMCID: PMC10368730 DOI: 10.1038/s41539-023-00175-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Visual acuity significantly contributes to quality of life. Deficits in childhood are associated with reading difficulties, which can have detrimental effects on education outcomes. In adults, it has been observed that vision defects such as myopia are associated with higher educational attainment (EA). Understanding genetic factors contributing to visual acuity could help to dissect its links with cognitive skills, neurodevelopmental conditions, and education. We examined associations between distance visual acuity, cognitive measures including school grades, and neurodevelopmental conditions in a longitudinal cohort of British children (ALSPAC, n = 6807, M age = 11.8). We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS, n = 5571) on visual acuity and tested for genetic associations with relevant phenotypes using polygenic scores (PGS) and genetic correlation analyses. Visual acuity was associated with better cognitive performance and school grades, and reduced in individuals with reading difficulties compared to controls. GWAS revealed genetic associations at the NPLOC4 locus and highlighted other genes involved in sensory function. In line with positive genetic correlations between visual acuity and cognitive measures, EA PGS were positively associated with visual acuity, while there was a less robust negative association with myopia PGS. In conclusion, increased visual acuity is associated with a range of positive outcomes, including better school grades. Our results suggest an association between a higher EA PGS and slightly increased visual acuity in childhood. This could indicate gene-environment correlation, in which environmental exposures linked to higher EA might have detrimental effects on vision offsetting the initial positive effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Schmitz
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland, UK
- Biological Personality Psychology, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Michelle Luciano
- Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Silvia Paracchini
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Su J, Yuan J, Xu L, Xing S, Sun M, Yao Y, Ma Y, Chen F, Jiang L, Li K, Yu X, Xue Z, Zhang Y, Fan D, Zhang J, Liu H, Liu X, Zhang G, Wang H, Zhou M, Lyu F, An G, Yu X, Xue Y, Yang J, Qu J. Sequencing of 19,219 exomes identifies a low-frequency variant in FKBP5 promoter predisposing to high myopia in a Han Chinese population. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112510. [PMID: 37171956 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
High myopia (HM) is one of the leading causes of visual impairment and blindness worldwide. Here, we report a whole-exome sequencing (WES) study in 9,613 HM cases and 9,606 controls of Han Chinese ancestry to pinpoint HM-associated risk variants. Single-variant association analysis identified three newly identified -genetic loci associated with HM, including an East Asian ancestry-specific low-frequency variant (rs533280354) in FKBP5. Multi-ancestry meta-analysis with WES data of 2,696 HM cases and 7,186 controls of European ancestry from the UK Biobank discerned a newly identified European ancestry-specific rare variant in FOLH1. Functional experiments revealed a mechanism whereby a single G-to-A transition at rs533280354 disrupted the binding of transcription activator KLF15 to the promoter of FKBP5, resulting in decreased transcription of FKBP5. Furthermore, burden tests showed a significant excess of rare protein-truncating variants among HM cases involved in retinal blood vessel morphogenesis and neurotransmitter transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Su
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Oujiang Laboratory, Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou 325101, Zhejiang, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325011, China.
| | - Jian Yuan
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Liangde Xu
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Shilai Xing
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Institute of PSI Genomics, Wenzhou 325024, China
| | - Mengru Sun
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yinghao Yao
- Oujiang Laboratory, Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou 325101, Zhejiang, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325011, China
| | - Yunlong Ma
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Fukun Chen
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Longda Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China
| | - Kai Li
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325011, China
| | - Xiangyi Yu
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Zhengbo Xue
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Dandan Fan
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xinting Liu
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Guosi Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Fan Lyu
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Oujiang Laboratory, Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou 325101, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang An
- Institute of PSI Genomics, Wenzhou 325024, China
| | - Xiaoguang Yu
- Institute of PSI Genomics, Wenzhou 325024, China
| | - Yuanchao Xue
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jian Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China.
| | - Jia Qu
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Oujiang Laboratory, Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou 325101, Zhejiang, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xiao X, Yang J, Li Y, Yang H, Zhu Y, Li L, Zhou Q, Lu D, Chen T, Tian Y. Identification of a Novel Frameshift Variant of ARR3 Related to X-Linked Female-Limited Early-Onset High Myopia and Study on the Effect of X Chromosome Inactivation on the Myopia Severity. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12030835. [PMID: 36769483 PMCID: PMC9917903 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12030835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
X-linked myopia 26 (Myopia 26, MIM #301010), which is caused by the variants of ARR3 (MIM *301770), is characterized by female-limited early-onset high myopia (eo-HM). Clinical characteristics include a tigroid appearance in the fundus and a temporal crescent of the optic nerve head. At present, the limited literature on eo-HM caused by ARR3 mutations shows that its inheritance mode is complex, which brings certain difficulties to pre-pregnancy genetic counseling, pre-implantation genetic diagnosis, and prenatal diagnosis. Here, we investigated the genetic underpinning of a Chinese family with eo-HM. Whole exome sequencing of the proband revealed a novel frameshift mutation in ARR3 (NM_004312, exon10, c.666delC, p. Asn222LysfsTer22). Although the mode of inheritance of the eo-HM family fits the X-linked pattern of ARR3, the phenotypes of three patients deviate from the typical early-onset high myopia. Through X-chromosome inactivation experiments, the patient's different phenotypes can be precisely explained. In addition, this study not only enhanced the correlation between ARR3 and early-onset high myopia but also provided explanations for different phenotypes, which may inspire follow-up studies. Our results enrich the knowledge of the variant spectrum in ARR3 and provide critical information for preimplantation and prenatal genetic testing, diagnosis, and counseling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xiao
- Department of Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jingmin Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing 401120, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Shanghai WeHealth BioMedical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Hongxia Yang
- Department of Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yijian Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Lianbing Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Qinlinglan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Daru Lu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing 401120, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Correspondence: (T.C.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yafei Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing 401120, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- Correspondence: (T.C.); (Y.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang J, Wu S, Zhang C, Yu W, Dai R, Chen Y. Global trends and frontiers of research on pathologic myopia since the millennium: A bibliometric analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1047787. [PMID: 36561853 PMCID: PMC9763585 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1047787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Pathologic myopia (PM) is an international public health issue. This study aimed to analyze PM research trends by reporting on publication trends since 2000 and identifying influential journals, countries, authors, and keywords involved in PM. Methods A bibliometric analysis was performed to evaluate global production and development trends in PM since 2000 and the keywords associated with PM. Results A total of 1,435 publications were retrieved. PM has become a fascinating topic (with relative research interest ranging from 0.0018% in 2000 to 0.0044% in 2021) and a global public health issue. The top three countries with the highest number of publications were China, the USA, and Japan. The journals, authors, and institutions that published the most relevant literature came from these three countries. China exhibited the most rapid increase in the number of publications (from 0 in 2000 to 69 in 2021). Retina published the most papers on PM. Kyoko Ohno-Matsui and Tokyo Medical and Dental University contributed the most publications among authors and institutions, respectively. Based on keyword analysis, previous research emphasized myopic choroidal neovascularization and treatment, while recent hotspots include PM changes based on multimodal imaging, treatment, and pathogenesis. Keyword analysis also revealed that deep learning was the latest hotspot and has been used for the detection of PM. Conclusion Our results can help researchers understand the current status and future trends of PM. China, the USA, and Japan have the greatest influence, based on the number of publications, top journals, authors, and institutions. Current research on PM highlights the pathogenesis and application of novel technologies, including multimodal imaging and artificial intelligence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Wu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weihong Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rongping Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Youxin Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Youxin Chen
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
You Y, Wang X, Cheng S, Zhu R, Wang B, Li S, Jiang F. Clinical analysis of 96 patients with intraorbital foreign bodies: A 10-year retrospective study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1018905. [DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1018905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionTo investigate the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and surgical treatment of intraorbital foreign bodies (IOFBs).MethodsPatients with IOFBs were enrolled from Wuhan Union Hospital between January 2011 and January 2021. Demographic and clinical information was extracted, including gender, age, cause and entrance of the trauma, material, size and quantity of foreign body, visual function, ocular complications, imaging findings, and surgical intervention. The patients were divided into two groups according to the timeline, group A (from January 2011 to December 2015, n = 39) and group B (from January 2016 to January 2021, n = 57).ResultsThe 96 patients (81 men and 15 women) were enrolled in this series, with a median age of 39.5 (1.6–76.0) years. Work-related injuries were the cause of IOFBs in 45 individuals (46.9%). Three patients (3.3%) presented severe visual impairment, and 39 patients (42.4%) presented blindness. The majority of foreign bodies were metal (44.8%), followed by wood (26.0%). Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed, respectively, on 89 (92.7%) and 21 (21.9%) patients with IOFBs, in which the detection rate was 80.9% for CT and 81.0% for MRI. Among the 25 patients with intraorbital wooden foreign bodies (IOWFBs), the utilization and detection rates of MRI were 50.0% and 40.0% in group A, and 93.3% and 92.9% in group B, with significant differences in both rates between the two groups (both P < 0.05). The IOWFBs detection rate in MRI was significantly higher than that in CT (78.9% vs. 45.8% overall and 92.9% vs. 53.5% in group B). The detection rates of IOFBs and IOWFBs in initial surgery were statistically different between the two groups, of which the rates were 84.6% and 40.0% in group A and 98.2% and 93.3% in group B. The reoperation rate of IOWFBs in group B (20.0%) was significantly lower than that in group A (70.0%).ConclusionIOFBs were mainly caused by work-related injuries and might lead to serious visual impairment. The application and detectability of MRI in IOWFBs improved in recent years, and MRI presented better detectability than CT in diagnosing IOWFBs. Thus, MRI should be recommended despite negative CT findings.
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
The centrosome, consisting of centrioles and the associated pericentriolar material, is the main microtubule-organizing centre (MTOC) in animal cells. During most of interphase, the two centrosomes of a cell are joined together by centrosome cohesion into one MTOC. The most dominant element of centrosome cohesion is the centrosome linker, an interdigitating, fibrous network formed by the protein C-Nap1 anchoring a number of coiled-coil proteins including rootletin to the proximal end of centrioles. Alternatively, centrosomes can be kept together by the action of the minus end directed kinesin motor protein KIFC3 that works on interdigitating microtubules organized by both centrosomes and probably by the actin network. Although cells connect the two interphase centrosomes by several mechanisms into one MTOC, the general importance of centrosome cohesion, particularly for an organism, is still largely unclear. In this article, we review the functions of the centrosome linker and discuss how centrosome cohesion defects can lead to diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hairuo Dang
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum-ZMBH Allianz, and,Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School (HBIGS), Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Elmar Schiebel
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum-ZMBH Allianz, and
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li A, Mueller A, English B, Arena A, Vera D, Kane AE, Sinclair DA. Novel feature selection methods for construction of accurate epigenetic clocks. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009938. [PMID: 35984867 PMCID: PMC9432708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic clocks allow us to accurately predict the age and future health of individuals based on the methylation status of specific CpG sites in the genome and are a powerful tool to measure the effectiveness of longevity interventions. There is a growing need for methods to efficiently construct epigenetic clocks. The most common approach is to create clocks using elastic net regression modelling of all measured CpG sites, without first identifying specific features or CpGs of interest. The addition of feature selection approaches provides the opportunity to optimise the identification of predictive CpG sites. Here, we apply novel feature selection methods and combinatorial approaches including newly adapted neural networks, genetic algorithms, and 'chained' combinations. Human whole blood methylation data of ~470,000 CpGs was used to develop clocks that predict age with R2 correlation scores of greater than 0.73, the most predictive of which uses 35 CpG sites for a R2 correlation score of 0.87. The five most frequent sites across all clocks were modelled to build a clock with a R2 correlation score of 0.83. These two clocks are validated on two external datasets where they maintain excellent predictive accuracy. When compared with three published epigenetic clocks (Hannum, Horvath, Weidner) also applied to these validation datasets, our clocks outperformed all three models. We identified gene regulatory regions associated with selected CpGs as possible targets for future aging studies. Thus, our feature selection algorithms build accurate, generalizable clocks with a low number of CpG sites, providing important tools for the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Li
- Blavatnik Institute, Dept. of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Amber Mueller
- Blavatnik Institute, Dept. of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Brad English
- Blavatnik Institute, Dept. of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anthony Arena
- Blavatnik Institute, Dept. of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Daniel Vera
- Blavatnik Institute, Dept. of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alice E. Kane
- Blavatnik Institute, Dept. of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David A. Sinclair
- Blavatnik Institute, Dept. of Genetics, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Si J, Guo R, Xiu B, Chi W, Zhang Q, Hou J, Su Y, Chen J, Xue J, Shao ZM, Wu J, Chi Y. Stabilization of CCDC102B by Loss of RACK1 Through the CMA Pathway Promotes Breast Cancer Metastasis via Activation of the NF-κB Pathway. Front Oncol 2022; 12:927358. [PMID: 35957886 PMCID: PMC9359432 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.927358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death among women, and the pathological status of axillary lymph nodes is an important predictor of prognosis. However, the mechanism involved in this early stage of metastasis remains largely unknown. Methods Microarray analysis was used to carry out differential genomics analyses between matched pairs of metastatic sentinel lymph node tissues and breast primary tumors. The CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system was used for in vivo screening by transplanting a loss-of-function cell pool into immunocompromised mice. MAGeCK was used to analyze the screening results. Survival analysis was performed via the Kaplan–Meier method. Cell proliferation, wound healing, migration and invasion assays were performed to confirm the phenotype. A tail vein model and subcutaneous xenotransplanted tumor model were used for the in vivo study. The relationship between coiled-coil domain containing 102B (CCDC102B) and receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) was examined using coimmunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, nuclear protein extraction and immunofluorescence assays. The primary biological functions and pathways related to CCDC102B were enriched by RNA sequencing. Results We identified CCDC102B through screening and found that it was significantly upregulated in metastatic lesions in lymph nodes compared to matched primary tumors. Increased expression of CCDC102B promoted breast cancer metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, high expression of CCDC102B was correlated with poor clinical outcomes in breast cancer patients. We further identified that CCDC102B was stabilized by the loss of RACK1, a protein negatively correlated with breast cancer metastasis. Mechanistically, we found that RACK1 promoted CCDC102B lysosomal degradation by mediating chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). The aggressive behavior of CCDC102B in breast cancer cells could be reversed by the expression of RACK1. Moreover, CCDC102B was correlated with the significant enrichment of NF-κB pathway components. Overexpressing CCDC102B led to less interaction between RACK1 and IKKa. Thus, CCDC102B positively regulates the NF−κB pathway by interacting with RACK1. Conclusion Taken together, our findings uncover a novel role of CCDC102B in breast cancer metastasis. CCDC102B serves as a potential metastasis promoter by regulating the activation of the NF-κB pathway and can be degraded by RACK1 via CMA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Si
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
- Department of Breast Disease, The First Hospital of Jiaxing and The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Rong Guo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Bingqiu Xiu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiru Chi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjing Hou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonghui Su
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajian Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyan Xue
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiong Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yayun Chi, ; Jiong Wu,
| | - Yayun Chi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yayun Chi, ; Jiong Wu,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jin G, Liu Z, Wang L, Zhu Y, Luo L, Liu Y. Corneal Biometric Features and Their Association With Axial Length in High Myopia. Am J Ophthalmol 2022; 238:45-51. [PMID: 34896081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize the morphologic features of corneal parameters and their correlation with axial length (AL) elongation in patients with high axial myopia. DESIGN Cross-sectional comparative study. METHODS A total of 299 eyes with high myopia (299 patients) and 266 eyes of age- and sex-matched control subjects (266 patients) were examined by anterior segment swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and an IOL Master. Central corneal thickness (CCT), thinnest corneal thickness (TCT), corneal volume (CV), and anterior corneal curvature (CC), posterior CC, and total CC were obtained, and their correlation with AL was investigated using multiple linear regression model. RESULTS The CCT, TCT, CV, and anterior, posterior, and total CC of patients with high myopia were smaller than those of the control subjects. The CCT, TCT, and CV had a continuous downward trend with AL. However, CC decreased rapidly with AL when AL was <26 mm and the slope decreased when AL was 26 to 28 mm. This linear association was absent when AL was >28 mm. Multiple linear regression showed that the CCT (β = -1.98, P = .007), TCT (β = -1.63, P = .019), and CV (β = -0.13, P = .001) were associated with AL. Anterior, posterior, and total CCs were negatively associated with AL when AL was <26 mm (all P < .001) and when AL was between 26 and 28 mm (all P < .05). CONCLUSIONS CC decreases may serve as a refractive compensation on myopia when AL is <28 mm. However, this effect does not exist when AL is >28 mm. Consideration should be given to the special distribution of cornea curvature for IOL calculations in subjects with high myopia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Lanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- and the Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology (Y.Z.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Lixia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| | - Yizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Haarman AEG, Thiadens AAHJ, van Tienhoven M, Loudon SE, de Klein JEMMA, Brosens E, Polling JR, van der Schoot V, Bouman A, Kievit AJA, Hoefsloot LH, Klaver CCW, Verhoeven VJM. Whole exome sequencing of known eye genes reveals genetic causes for high myopia. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:3290-3298. [PMID: 35567543 PMCID: PMC9523556 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High myopia (refractive error ≤ -6 diopters (D)) is a heterogeneous condition, and without clear accompanying features it can be difficult to pinpoint a genetic cause. This observational study aimed to evaluate the utility of whole exome sequencing (WES) using an eye disorder gene panel in European patients with high myopia. Patients with high myopia were recruited by ophthalmologists and clinical geneticists. Clinical features were categorized into isolated high myopia, high myopia with other ocular involvement or with systemic involvement. WES was performed and an eye disorder gene panel of ~ 500 genes was evaluated. 113 patients with high myopia (mean (SD) refractive error - 11.8D (5.2) were included. Of these, 53% were children younger than 12 years of age (53%), 13.3% were 12-18 years, and 34% were adults (aged over 18 years). 23 out of 113 patients (20%) received a genetic diagnosis of which 11 patients displayed additional ocular or systemic involvement. Pathogenic variants were identified in retinal dystrophy genes (e.g.GUCY2D, CACNA1F), connective tissue disease genes (e.g. COL18A1, COL2A1), non-syndromic high myopia genes (ARR3), ocular development genes (e.g. PAX6) and other genes (ASPH, CNNM4). In 20% of our high myopic study population WES using an eye gene panel enabled us to diagnose the genetic cause for this disorder. Eye genes known to cause retinal dystrophy, developmental or syndromic disorders can cause high myopia without apparent clinical features of other pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jan Roelof Polling
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC.,Department of Orthoptics, School of Applied Science Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Caroline C W Klaver
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus MC.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC.,Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Duan C, Feng F, Liu L, Qu F, Yang Z, Zhang H, Jiang C. Group-Based Trajectory Modeling to Identify Factors Influencing the Development of Myopia in Patients Receiving Orthokeratology. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:4151-4162. [PMID: 35465306 PMCID: PMC9030392 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s355181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To analyze the factors influencing the progression of myopia in adolescents receiving orthokeratology. Methods This prospective cohort study collected the data of 378 myopia patients receiving orthokeratology. The follow-up time was 12 months ranging from December 2015 to December 2019. The group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) was used to identify similar developmental trajectories in the levels of uncorrected visual acuity and changes of axial length elongation. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the influencing factors of myopia development in patients wearing orthokeratology. Results There was no factor having effect on visual acuity (left) and visual acuity (right) in different trajectories (all P>0.05). The corneal curvature K1 (left) (OR=0.382, 95% CI: 0.188–0.776), corneal curvature K2 (left) (OR=0.362, 95% CI: 0.187–0.699), degree of spherical refraction (left) (OR=0.139, 95% CI: 0.082–0.235) and spherical equivalent (left) (OR=7.276, 95% CI: 3.724–14.215) were factors associated with the changes of axial length elongation (left). The corneal curvature K1 (right) (OR=0.260, 95% CI: 0.116–0.585), corneal curvature K2 (left) (OR=0.272, 95% CI: 0.121–0.610) and degree of spherical refraction (right) (OR=0.129, 95% CI: 0.068–0.244) were correlated with the changes of axial length elongation (right). All P<0.05. Conclusion Orthokeratology is a promising method for controlling the progression of myopia. The corneal curvature, degree of spherical refraction and spherical equivalent were factors influencing the changes of axial length elongation in myopia patients wearing orthokeratology. The findings might give a reference for the application of orthokeratology in clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Duan
- Pediatric Ophthalmology, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Kunming Air Eye Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, 650200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Feng
- Pediatric Ophthalmology, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Kunming Air Eye Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, 650200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Pediatric Ophthalmology, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Kunming Air Eye Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, 650200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Qu
- Pediatric Ophthalmology, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Kunming Air Eye Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, 650200, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiye Yang
- Physical Examination Center, Kunming Army Special Service Rehabilitation Center, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Physical Examination Center, Kunming Army Special Service Rehabilitation Center, Kunming, Yunnan, 650000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunguang Jiang
- Pediatric Ophthalmology, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Kunming Air Eye Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, 650200, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Chunguang Jiang, Pediatric Ophthalmology, Kunming Aier Eye Hospital, No. 687 Huancheng South Road, Guandu District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, 650200, People’s Republic of China, Tel + 86-15912177272, Email
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Myopia Genetics and Heredity. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9030382. [PMID: 35327754 PMCID: PMC8947159 DOI: 10.3390/children9030382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Myopia is the most common eye condition leading to visual impairment and is greatly influenced by genetics. Over the last two decades, more than 400 associated gene loci have been mapped for myopia and refractive errors via family linkage analyses, candidate gene studies, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Lifestyle factors, such as excessive near work and short outdoor time, are the primary external factors affecting myopia onset and progression. Notably, besides becoming a global health issue, myopia is more prevalent and severe among East Asians than among Caucasians, especially individuals of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean ancestry. Myopia, especially high myopia, can be serious in consequences. The etiology of high myopia is complex. Prediction for progression of myopia to high myopia can help with prevention and early interventions. Prediction models are thus warranted for risk stratification. There have been vigorous investigations on molecular genetics and lifestyle factors to establish polygenic risk estimations for myopia. However, genes causing myopia have to be identified in order to shed light on pathogenesis and pathway mechanisms. This report aims to examine current evidence regarding (1) the genetic architecture of myopia; (2) currently associated myopia loci identified from the OMIM database, genetic association studies, and NGS studies; (3) gene-environment interactions; and (4) the prediction of myopia via polygenic risk scores (PRSs). The report also discusses various perspectives on myopia genetics and heredity.
Collapse
|
19
|
Haarman AEG, Tedja MS, Brussee C, Enthoven CA, van Rijn GA, Vingerling JR, Keunen JEE, Boon CJF, Geerards AJM, Luyten GPM, Verhoeven VJM, Klaver CCW. Prevalence of Myopic Macular Features in Dutch Individuals of European Ancestry With High Myopia. JAMA Ophthalmol 2021; 140:115-123. [PMID: 34913968 PMCID: PMC8678902 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2021.5346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Question What is the prevalence of myopic macular degeneration in Dutch individuals of European ancestry with high myopia? Findings In this cross-sectional study of 626 individuals with European ancestry with high myopia, the prevalence of myopic macular degeneration was 25.9% and increased with older age, lower spherical equivalent of refractive error, and higher axial length. Meaning Myopic retinal features were frequent in this highly myopic study population, but not different than patients of Asian ancestry with similar risk profiles. Importance High myopia incidence and prevalence is increasing worldwide, and the visual burden caused by myopia is expected to rise accordingly. Studies investigating the occurrence of myopic complications in individuals of European ancestry with high myopia are scarce, hampering insights into the frequency of myopic retinal complications in European individuals and their visual burden. Objective To assess the frequency of myopic macular features in individuals of European ancestry with high myopia. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional analysis of the Dutch Myopia Study (MYST) and individuals with high myopia from the Rotterdam Study (RS) included 626 patients with high myopia (spherical equivalent of refractive error [SER] ≤−6 diopters [D] or axial length [AL] ≥26 mm) who underwent an extensive ophthalmic examination including multimodal retinal imaging. In addition to this combination of a population-based cohort study and mix-based high myopia study, a systematic literature review was also performed to compare findings with studies of individuals of Asian ancestry. Exposures High myopia, age, and AL. Main Outcomes and Measures Frequency of myopic macular and optic disc features: tessellated fundus, myopic macular degeneration (MMD), staphyloma, peripapillary intrachoroidal cavitation, peripapillary atrophy (PPA), and “plus” lesions (choroidal neovascularization, Fuchs spot, and lacquer cracks). Results The mean (SD) SER of the combined study population (MYST and RS) was −9.9 (3.2) D; the mean (SD) age was 51.4 (15.1) years, and 387 (61.8%) were women. The prevalence of MMD was 25.9% and increased with older age (P for trend <.001), lower SER (odds ratio [OR], 0.70; 95% CI, 0.65-0.76; P < .001), and higher AL (OR, 2.53; 95% CI, 2.13-3.06; P < .001). Choroidal neovascularization or Fuchs spot was present in 2.7% (n = 17), both lesions in 0.3% (n = 2), and lacquer cracks in 1.4% (n = 9). Staphyloma, PPA, and MMD were highly prevalent in visual impaired and blind eyes (frequency was 73.9% [20 of 27], 90.5% [19 of 21], and 63.0% [17 of 27] of unilateral blind eyes for MMD, staphyloma, and PPA, respectively). Seven previous studies in Asian populations reported a variable MMD frequency ranging from 8.3% to 64%, but frequencies were similar for comparable risk profiles based on age and SER. Conclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study of a highly myopic Dutch population of European ancestry, myopic retinal features were frequent; were associated with age, SER, and AL; and occurred in all visually severely impaired eyes. The absence of treatment options for most of these retinal complications emphasizes the need for effective strategies to prevent high myopia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annechien E G Haarman
- Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Epidemiology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Milly S Tedja
- Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Epidemiology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Corina Brussee
- Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Epidemiology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Clair A Enthoven
- Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Epidemiology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gwyneth A van Rijn
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jan E E Keunen
- Radboudumc, Department of Ophthalmology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Camiel J F Boon
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam University Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Gré P M Luyten
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Virginie J M Verhoeven
- Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Epidemiology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Clinical Genetics, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline C W Klaver
- Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Epidemiology, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Radboudumc, Department of Ophthalmology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
García-Gen E, Penadés M, Mérida S, Desco C, Araujo-Miranda R, Navea A, Bosch-Morell F. High Myopia and the Complement System: Factor H in Myopic Maculopathy. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10122600. [PMID: 34204630 PMCID: PMC8231207 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10122600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High myopia (HM) is both a medical problem and refractive error of the eye owing to excessive eyeball length, which progressively makes eye tissue atrophic, and is one of the main causes for diminishing visual acuity in developed countries. Despite its high prevalence and many genetic and proteomic studies, no molecular pattern exists that explain the degenerative process underlying HM, which predisposes patients to other diseases like glaucoma, cataracts, retinal detachment and chorioretinal atrophy that affect the macular area. To determine the relation between complement Factors H (CFH) and D (CFD) and the maculopathy of patients with degenerative myopia, we studied aqueous humor samples that were collected by aspiration from 122 patients during cataract surgery. Eyes were classified according to eyeball axial length as high myopia (axial length > 26 mm), low myopia (axial length 23.5–25.9 mm) and control (axial length ˂ 23.4 mm). The degree of maculopathy was classified according to fundus oculi findings following IMI’s classification. Subfoveal choroid thickness was measured by optical coherence tomography. CFH and CFD measurements were taken by ELISA. CFH levels were significantly high in the high myopia group vs. the low myopia and control groups (p ˂ 0.05). Significantly high CFH values were found in those eyes with choroid atrophy and neovascularization (p ˂ 0.05). In parallel, the CFH concentration correlated inversely with choroid thickness (R = −0.624). CFD levels did not correlate with maculopathy. All the obtained data seem to suggest that CFH plays a key role in myopic pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique García-Gen
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (E.G.-G.); (M.P.); (S.M.); (C.D.); (A.N.)
| | - Mariola Penadés
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (E.G.-G.); (M.P.); (S.M.); (C.D.); (A.N.)
- Thematic Cooperative Health Network for Research in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos II Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Salvador Mérida
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (E.G.-G.); (M.P.); (S.M.); (C.D.); (A.N.)
| | - Carmen Desco
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (E.G.-G.); (M.P.); (S.M.); (C.D.); (A.N.)
- Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO), 46020 València, Spain;
| | - Rafael Araujo-Miranda
- Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO), 46020 València, Spain;
| | - Amparo Navea
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (E.G.-G.); (M.P.); (S.M.); (C.D.); (A.N.)
- Thematic Cooperative Health Network for Research in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos II Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Bosch-Morell
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (E.G.-G.); (M.P.); (S.M.); (C.D.); (A.N.)
- Thematic Cooperative Health Network for Research in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos II Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO), 46020 València, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ohno-Matsui K, Wu PC, Yamashiro K, Vutipongsatorn K, Fang Y, Cheung CMG, Lai TYY, Ikuno Y, Cohen SY, Gaudric A, Jonas JB. IMI Pathologic Myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:5. [PMID: 33909033 PMCID: PMC8083114 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.5.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathologic myopia is a major cause of visual impairment worldwide. Pathologic myopia is distinctly different from high myopia. High myopia is a high degree of myopic refractive error, whereas pathologic myopia is defined by a presence of typical complications in the fundus (posterior staphyloma or myopic maculopathy equal to or more serious than diffuse choroidal atrophy). Pathologic myopia often occurs in eyes with high myopia, however its complications especially posterior staphyloma can also occur in eyes without high myopia. Owing to a recent advance in ocular imaging, an objective and accurate diagnosis of pathologic myopia has become possible. Especially, optical coherence tomography has revealed novel lesions like dome-shaped macula and myopic traction maculopathy. Wide-field optical coherence tomography has succeeded in visualizing the entire extent of large staphylomas. The effectiveness of new therapies for complications have been shown, such as anti-VEGF therapies for myopic macular neovascularization and vitreoretinal surgery for myopic traction maculopathy. Myopia, especially childhood myopia, has been increasing rapidly in the world. In parallel with an increase in myopia, the prevalence of high myopia has also been increasing. However, it remains unclear whether or not pathologic myopia will increase in parallel with an increase of myopia itself. In addition, it has remained unclear whether genes responsible for pathologic myopia are the same as those for myopia in general, or whether pathologic myopia is genetically different from other myopia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Ohno-Matsui
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Pei-Chang Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kenji Yamashiro
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Otsu Red-Cross Hospital, Otsu, Japan
| | | | - Yuxin Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Timothy Y Y Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Yasushi Ikuno
- Ikuno Eye Center, 2-9-10-3F Juso-Higashi, Yodogawa-Ku, Osaka 532-0023, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Salomon Yves Cohen
- Centre Ophtalmologique d'Imagerie et de Laser, Paris, France.,Department of Ophthalmology and University Paris Est, Creteil, France
| | - Alain Gaudric
- Department of Ophthalmology, APHP, Hôpital Lariboisière and Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
RNA-seq and GSEA identifies suppression of ligand-gated chloride efflux channels as the major gene pathway contributing to form deprivation myopia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5280. [PMID: 33674625 PMCID: PMC7935918 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84338-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently there is no consensus regarding the aetiology of the excessive ocular volume that characterizes high myopia. Thus, we aimed to test whether the gene pathways identified by gene set enrichment analysis of RNA-seq transcriptomics refutes the predictions of the Retinal Ion Driven Efflux (RIDE) hypothesis when applied to the induction of form-deprivation myopia (FDM) and subsequent recovery (post-occluder removal). We found that the induction of profound FDM led to significant suppression in the ligand-gated chloride ion channel transport pathway via suppression of glycine, GABAA and GABAC ionotropic receptors. Post-occluder removal for short term recovery from FDM of 6 h and 24 h, induced significant upregulation of the gene families linked to cone receptor phototransduction, mitochondrial energy, and complement pathways. These findings support a model of form deprivation myopia as a Cl− ion driven adaptive fluid response to the modulation of the visual signal cascade by form deprivation that in turn affects the resultant ionic environment of the outer and inner retinal tissues, axial and vitreal elongation as predicted by the RIDE model. Occluder removal and return to normal light conditions led to return to more normal upregulation of phototransduction, slowed growth rate, refractive recovery and apparent return towards physiological homeostasis.
Collapse
|
23
|
Brennan NA, Toubouti YM, Cheng X, Bullimore MA. Efficacy in myopia control. Prog Retin Eye Res 2020; 83:100923. [PMID: 33253901 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There is rapidly expanding interest in interventions to slow myopia progression in children and teenagers, with the intent of reducing risk of myopia-associated complications later in life. Despite many publications dedicated to the topic, little attention has been devoted to understanding 'efficacy' in myopia control and its application. Treatment effect has been expressed in multiple ways, making comparison between therapies and prognosis for an individual patient difficult. Available efficacy data are generally limited to two to three years making long-term treatment effect uncertain. From an evidence-based perspective, efficacy projection should be conservative and not extend beyond that which has been empirically established. Using this principle, review of the literature, data from our own clinical studies, assessment of demonstrated myopia control treatments and allowance for the limitations and context of available data, we arrive at the following important interpretations: (i) axial elongation is the preferred endpoint for assessing myopic progression; (ii) there is insufficient evidence to suggest that faster progressors, or younger myopes, derive greater benefit from treatment; (iii) the initial rate of reduction of axial elongation by myopia control treatments is not sustained; (iv) consequently, using percentage reduction in progression as an index to describe treatment effect can be very misleading and (v) cumulative absolute reduction in axial elongation (CARE) emerges as a preferred efficacy metric; (vi) maximum CARE that has been measured for existing myopia control treatments is 0.44 mm (which equates to about 1 D); (vii) there is no apparent superior method of treatment, although commonly prescribed therapies such as 0.01% atropine and progressive addition spectacles lenses have not consistently provided clinically important effects; (viii) while different treatments have shown divergent efficacy in the first year, they have shown only small differences after this; (ix) rebound should be assumed until proven otherwise; (x) an illusion of inflated efficacy is created by measurement error in refraction, sample bias in only treating 'measured' fast progressors and regression to the mean; (xi) decision to treat should be based on age of onset (or refraction at a given age), not past progression; (xii) the decreased risk of complications later in life provided by even modest reductions in progression suggest treatment is advised for all young myopes and, because of limitations of available interventions, should be aggressive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noel A Brennan
- Johnson & Johnson Vision, 7500 Centurion Pkwy, Jacksonville, FL, 32256, USA.
| | - Youssef M Toubouti
- Johnson & Johnson Vision, 7500 Centurion Pkwy, Jacksonville, FL, 32256, USA
| | - Xu Cheng
- Johnson & Johnson Vision, 7500 Centurion Pkwy, Jacksonville, FL, 32256, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bilbao-Malavé V, Recalde S, Bezunartea J, Hernandez-Sanchez M, González-Zamora J, Maestre-Rellan L, Ruiz-Moreno JM, Araiz-Iribarren J, Arias L, Ruiz-Medrano J, Flores-Moreno I, Llorente-González S, Fernández-Sanz G, Berrozpe-Villabona C, Velazquez-Villoria A, Carreño E, Fernandez-Robredo P, Garcia-Layana A. Genetic and environmental factors related to the development of myopic maculopathy in Spanish patients. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236071. [PMID: 32730261 PMCID: PMC7392267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High myopia and the subsequent degenerative changes of the retina, choroid, and sclera, known as myopic maculopathy (MM), are a serious visual problem in many Asian countries, and are beginning to be so in the south of Europe, especially in the Mediterranean. It is therefore necessary to carry out genetic and environmental studies to determine the possible causes of this disease. This study aims to verify if the genetic factors that have been most related to Asian populations are also associated in two Spanish cohorts. Eight SNPs from six genes (PAX6, SCO2, CCDC102B, BLID, chromosome 15q14, and COL8A1) along with demographic, ophthalmic and environmental factors were analysed in two cohorts from a total of 365 highly myopic subjects and 177 control subjects. The genetic analysis showed that COL8A1 SNP rs13095226 was associated with the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and also seems to play an important role in the increase of axial length. The SNP rs634990 of chromosome 15q14 also showed a significant association with MM, although this was lost after the Bonferroni correction. Additional demographic and environmental factors, namely age, sex, smoking status, and pregnancy history, were also found to be associated with MM and CNV in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bilbao-Malavé
- Ophthalmology Experimental Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Sergio Recalde
- Ophthalmology Experimental Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaione Bezunartea
- Ophthalmology Experimental Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Hernandez-Sanchez
- Ophthalmology Experimental Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge González-Zamora
- Ophthalmology Experimental Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leyre Maestre-Rellan
- Ophthalmology Experimental Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José María Ruiz-Moreno
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro de Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
- Vissum Corporación Oftalmológica, Alicante, Spain
| | - Javier Araiz-Iribarren
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto Clínico Quirúrgico de Oftalmología, Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital San Eloy, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Luis Arias
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Ruiz-Medrano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro de Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Flores-Moreno
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro de Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Llorente-González
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Fernández-Sanz
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Berrozpe-Villabona
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ester Carreño
- Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernandez-Robredo
- Ophthalmology Experimental Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Garcia-Layana
- Ophthalmology Experimental Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ‘‘Prevention, Early Detection, and Treatment of the Prevalent Degenerative and Chronic Ocular Pathology” from (RD16/0008/0021), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Meguro A, Yamane T, Takeuchi M, Miyake M, Fan Q, Zhao W, Wang IJ, Mizuki Y, Yamada N, Nomura N, Tsujikawa A, Matsuda F, Hosoda Y, Saw SM, Cheng CY, Tsai TH, Yoshida M, Iijima Y, Teshigawara T, Okada E, Ota M, Inoko H, Mizuki N. Genome-Wide Association Study in Asians Identifies Novel Loci for High Myopia and Highlights a Nervous System Role in Its Pathogenesis. Ophthalmology 2020; 127:1612-1624. [PMID: 32428537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify novel susceptibility loci for high myopia. DESIGN Genome-wide association study (GWAS) followed by replication and meta-analysis. PARTICIPANTS A total of 14 096 samples from East and Southeast Asian populations (2549 patients with high myopia and 11 547 healthy controls). METHODS We performed a GWAS in 3269 Japanese individuals (1668 with high myopia and 1601 control participants), followed by replication analysis in a total of 10 827 additional samples (881 with high myopia and 9946 control participants) from Japan, Singapore, and Taiwan. To confirm the biological role of the identified loci in the pathogenesis of high myopia, we performed functional annotation and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We evaluated the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms with high myopia and GO terms enriched among genes identified in the current study. RESULTS We identified 9 loci with genome-wide significance (P < 5.0 × 10-8). Three loci were previously reported myopia-related loci (ZC3H11B on 1q41, GJD2 on 15q14, and RASGRF1 on 15q25.1), and the other 6 were novel (HIVEP3 on 1p34.2, NFASC/CNTN2 on 1q32.1, CNTN4/CNTN6 on 3p26.3, FRMD4B on 3p14.1, LINC02418 on 12q24.33, and AKAP13 on 15q25.3). The GO analysis revealed a significant role of the nervous system related to synaptic signaling, neuronal development, and Ras/Rho signaling in the pathogenesis of high myopia. CONCLUSIONS The current study identified 6 novel loci associated with high myopia and demonstrated an important role of the nervous system in the disease pathogenesis. Our findings give new insight into the genetic factors underlying myopia, including high myopia, by connecting previous findings and allowing for a clarified interpretation of the cause and pathophysiologic features of myopia at the molecular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Meguro
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Advanced Medicine for Ocular Diseases, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamane
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Advanced Medicine for Ocular Diseases, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masaki Takeuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Advanced Medicine for Ocular Diseases, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miyake
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Qiao Fan
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wanting Zhao
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - I-Jong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuki Mizuki
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Norihiro Yamada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Naoko Nomura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akitaka Tsujikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshikatsu Hosoda
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seang-Mei Saw
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore; Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Tzu-Hsun Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Masao Yoshida
- Department of Public Health, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Iijima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aoto Eye Clinic, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Teshigawara
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Advanced Medicine for Ocular Diseases, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Yokosuka Chuoh Eye Clinic, Yokosuka, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Tsurumi Chuoh Eye Clinic, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Eiichi Okada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Okada Eye Clinic, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masao Ota
- Department of Advanced Medicine for Ocular Diseases, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Inoko
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Molecular Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Mizuki
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Department of Advanced Medicine for Ocular Diseases, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mérida S, Villar VM, Navea A, Desco C, Sancho-Tello M, Peris C, Bosch-Morell F. Imbalance Between Oxidative Stress and Growth Factors in Human High Myopia. Front Physiol 2020; 11:463. [PMID: 32477165 PMCID: PMC7240122 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myopia is one of the commonest eye pathologies that could affect 2.56 billion people by 2020. Today high myopia is a leading cause of blindness worldwide due to associated ocular illness. Nevertheless, the cellular bases for these diseases to develop are unclear in many areas. We conducted a prospective study of oxidative stress and growth factors in human myopic and non myopic eyes in an attempt to increase our understanding of the underlying physiopathological conditions to adequately early diagnose, prevent and treat the retina problem that derives from myopia. Aqueous humor samples were obtained from 41 patients being operated for cataracts in our hospital. Axial length, refractive status and complete ophthalmologic examination were recorded. The VEGF and HGF levels were determined by an ELISA kit. Total antioxidant capacity and total nitrites/nitrate levels were established with a lab kit. We show for the first time an increase in the total nitrite levels in high myopia. We also propose for the first time the concurrence of three factors: myopia, oxidative stress, and oxidative stress together with growth factors in the same group of patients. In this way, it would not be accurate to envision high myopia as a type of normal myopia, but one with more diopters or longer axial length.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Mérida
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vincent M Villar
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Amparo Navea
- Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Desco
- Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medical Ophtalmology, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica (FISABIO) de la Comunitat Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Peris
- Department of Medical Ophtalmology, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica (FISABIO) de la Comunitat Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Bosch-Morell
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medical Ophtalmology, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica (FISABIO) de la Comunitat Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Murali A, Krishnakumar S, Subramanian A, Parameswaran S. Bruch's membrane pathology: A mechanistic perspective. Eur J Ophthalmol 2020; 30:1195-1206. [PMID: 32345040 DOI: 10.1177/1120672120919337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bruch's membrane, an extracellular matrix located between the retinal pigment epithelium and the choroid, plays a vital role as structural and functional support to the retinal pigment epithelium. Dysfunction of Bruch's membrane in both age-related macular degeneration and other ocular diseases is caused mostly by extracellular matrix degeneration, deposit formation, and angiogenesis. Although these factors are dealt in greater detail with respect to the cells that are degenerated such as the retinal pigment epithelium and the endothelial cells, the pathology involving the Bruch's membrane is often underrated. Since in most of the macular degenerations early degenerative changes are also observed in the Bruch's membrane, addressing only the cellular component without the underlying membrane will not yield an ideal clinical benefit. This review aims to discuss the factors and the mechanisms affecting the integrity of the Bruch's membrane, which would aid in developing an effective therapy for these pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Murali
- Radheshyam Kanoi Stem Cell Laboratory, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Subramanian Krishnakumar
- Radheshyam Kanoi Stem Cell Laboratory, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Anuradha Subramanian
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Sowmya Parameswaran
- Radheshyam Kanoi Stem Cell Laboratory, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hossain D, Shih SYP, Xiao X, White J, Tsang WY. Cep44 functions in centrosome cohesion by stabilizing rootletin. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs239616. [PMID: 31974111 PMCID: PMC7044459 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.239616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The centrosome linker serves to hold the duplicated centrosomes together until they separate in late G2/early mitosis. Precisely how the linker is assembled remains an open question. In this study, we identify Cep44 as a novel component of the linker in human cells. Cep44 localizes to the proximal end of centrioles, including mother and daughter centrioles, and its ablation leads to loss of centrosome cohesion. Cep44 does not impinge on the stability of C-Nap1 (also known as CEP250), LRRC45 or Cep215 (also known as CDK5RAP2), and vice versa, and these proteins are independently recruited to the centrosome. Rather, Cep44 associates with rootletin and regulates its stability and localization to the centrosome. Our findings reveal a role of the previously uncharacterized protein Cep44 for centrosome cohesion and linker assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delowar Hossain
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Sunny Y-P Shih
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Xintong Xiao
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Julia White
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - William Y Tsang
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A3, Canada
- Faculté de Médecine, Département de pathologie et Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Remo A, Li X, Schiebel E, Pancione M. The Centrosome Linker and Its Role in Cancer and Genetic Disorders. Trends Mol Med 2020; 26:380-393. [PMID: 32277932 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Centrosome cohesion, the joining of the two centrosomes of a cell, is increasingly appreciated as a major regulator of cell functions such as Golgi organization and cilia positioning. One major element of centrosome cohesion is the centrosome linker that consists of a growing number of proteins. The timely disassembly of the centrosome linker enables centrosomes to separate and assemble a functional bipolar mitotic spindle that is crucial for maintaining genomic integrity. Exciting new findings link centrosome linker defects to cell transformation and genetic disorders. We review recent data on the molecular mechanisms of the assembly and disassembly of the centrosome linker, and discuss how defects in the proper execution of these processes cause DNA damage and genomic instability leading to disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Remo
- Pathology Unit, Mater Salutis Hospital, Azienda Unità Locale Socio Sanitaria (AULSS) 9 'Scaligera', Verona, Italy
| | - Xue Li
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ)-ZMBH Allianz, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School (HBIGS), Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elmar Schiebel
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ)-ZMBH Allianz, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Massimo Pancione
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cai XB, Shen SR, Chen DF, Zhang Q, Jin ZB. An overview of myopia genetics. Exp Eye Res 2019; 188:107778. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
31
|
Rasool S, Dar R, Bhat AA, Ayub SG, Rehman MU, Rashid S, Jan T, Andrabi KI. A novel G26A variation in 5' half of TGIF1 gene associates with high myopia in ethnic Kashmiri population from India. Taiwan J Ophthalmol 2019; 10:294-297. [PMID: 33437604 PMCID: PMC7787093 DOI: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_16_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to look at novel variations in TGIF1 gene and explores their potential association with high myopia in an ethnic population from Kashmir (India). Genomic DNA was genotyped for polymorphic variations, and allele frequencies were tested for the Hardy–Weinberg disequilibrium in 240 ethnic Kashmiri cases with high myopia with a spherical equivalent of >−6 diopters (D) and compared with emmetropic controls with spherical equivalent within −0.5D in one or both eyes represented by a sample size of 228. In this study, we found a novel sequence variation G26A (GAT to AAT) in 5′ half of TGIF1 gene (p. aspartic acid >asparagine) at a frequency of 62% (148/240, P ≤ 0.0001). Variation appears to associate with high myopia significantly (P ≤ 0.001) as it happens to be present only in high myopia affected individuals. Further, it shows statistical significance for its association with gender and the degree of myopia (P ≤ 0.05). In addition, in silico predictions show that variation likely has an impact on the structure and functional properties of the protein. The assessment of the I-TASSER protein structure showed higher energy for a wild-type protein (−5820.186 kJ/mol) as compared to mutant protein (−6595.593 kJ/mol).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shabhat Rasool
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.,Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Rubiya Dar
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Arif Akbar Bhat
- Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shiekh Gazalla Ayub
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.,Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Muneeb U Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabia Rashid
- Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tariq Jan
- Department of Statistics, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wong YL, Hysi P, Cheung G, Tedja M, Hoang QV, Tompson SWJ, Whisenhunt KN, Verhoeven V, Zhao W, Hess M, Wong CW, Kifley A, Hosoda Y, Haarman AEG, Hopf S, Laspas P, Sensaki S, Sim X, Miyake M, Tsujikawa A, Lamoureux E, Ohno-Matsui K, Nickels S, Mitchell P, Wong TY, Wang JJ, Hammond CJ, Barathi VA, Cheng CY, Yamashiro K, Young TL, Klaver CCW, Saw SM. Genetic variants linked to myopic macular degeneration in persons with high myopia: CREAM Consortium. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220143. [PMID: 31415580 PMCID: PMC6695159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the roles of known myopia-associated genetic variants for development of myopic macular degeneration (MMD) in individuals with high myopia (HM), using case-control studies from the Consortium of Refractive Error and Myopia (CREAM). Methods A candidate gene approach tested 50 myopia-associated loci for association with HM and MMD, using meta-analyses of case-control studies comprising subjects of European and Asian ancestry aged 30 to 80 years from 10 studies. Fifty loci with the strongest associations with myopia were chosen from a previous published GWAS study. Highly myopic (spherical equivalent [SE] ≤ -5.0 diopters [D]) cases with MMD (N = 348), and two sets of controls were enrolled: (1) the first set included 16,275 emmetropes (SE ≤ -0.5 D); and (2) second set included 898 highly myopic subjects (SE ≤ -5.0 D) without MMD. MMD was classified based on the International photographic classification for pathologic myopia (META-PM). Results In the first analysis, comprising highly myopic cases with MMD (N = 348) versus emmetropic controls without MMD (N = 16,275), two SNPs were significantly associated with high myopia in adults with HM and MMD: (1) rs10824518 (P = 6.20E-07) in KCNMA1, which is highly expressed in human retinal and scleral tissues; and (2) rs524952 (P = 2.32E-16) near GJD2. In the second analysis, comprising highly myopic cases with MMD (N = 348) versus highly myopic controls without MMD (N = 898), none of the SNPs studied reached Bonferroni-corrected significance. Conclusions Of the 50 myopia-associated loci, we did not find any variant specifically associated with MMD, but the KCNMA1 and GJD2 loci were significantly associated with HM in highly myopic subjects with MMD, compared to emmetropes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yee-Ling Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- R&D Vision Sciences AMERA, Essilor International, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pirro Hysi
- Section of Academic Ophthalmology, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gemmy Cheung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Milly Tedja
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Quan V. Hoang
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Stuart W. J. Tompson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, United States of America
| | - Kristina N. Whisenhunt
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, United States of America
| | - Virginie Verhoeven
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wanting Zhao
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Moritz Hess
- Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg—University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Chee-Wai Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Annette Kifley
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yoshikatsu Hosoda
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Annechien E. G. Haarman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne Hopf
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg—University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Panagiotis Laspas
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg—University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sonoko Sensaki
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Masahiro Miyake
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akitaka Tsujikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ecosse Lamoureux
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kyoko Ohno-Matsui
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stefan Nickels
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg—University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Paul Mitchell
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre for Vision Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Christopher J. Hammond
- Section of Academic Ophthalmology, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Veluchamy A. Barathi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kenji Yamashiro
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Otsu Red-Cross Hospital, Otsu, Japan
| | - Terri L. Young
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison WI, United States of America
| | - Caroline C. W. Klaver
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Seang-Mei Saw
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang E, Nie Y, Fan X, Zheng Z, Hu S. Intronic Polymorphisms in Gene of Second Heart Field as Risk Factors for Human Congenital Heart Disease in a Chinese Population. DNA Cell Biol 2019; 38:521-531. [PMID: 31013439 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2018.4254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional factors and signaling factors in the second heart field (SHF) contribute to cardiac development. However, the associations of intronic gene variants in the SHF with congenital heart disease (CHD) remain ununderstood. Ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from our previous sequencing data were selected and then genotyped in 383 CHD patients and 384 healthy controls in a Chinese population. Genotype analyses revealed that minor alleles in TBX1: rs12165908 C > G [odds ratio (OR) = 2.64; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.87-3.73, p = 3.03 × 10-8] and GATA6: rs143085291 C > T (OR = 2.49; 95% CI = 1.18-5.29, p = 0.01) increased CHD risk significantly. Meanwhile, FGF10: rs78454549 T > C and GATA4: rs13275657 A>G polymorphisms were significantly associated with increased risk of simple CHDs. The minor allele C in GATA4: rs17153694 T > C increased the risk of tetralogy of Fallot, whereas minor alleles in TBX1: rs41298006 G>A, FGF10: rs75629618 C>T, FGF10: rs10461755 G>A, FGF10: rs75632187 A>G, and FGF10: rs12518964 G > A were associated with increased risk of single ventricle. The minor allele T in rs143085291 in GATA6 enhancer decreased the transcription level in luciferase assay. Our findings suggest that intronic SNPs in transcriptional factors and signaling factors in the SHF are significantly associated with increased risk of different CHD types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enshi Wang
- 1 Center for Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Nie
- 2 State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Fan
- 3 Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Zheng
- 1 Center for Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shengshou Hu
- 1 Center for Cardiac Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ruiz-Medrano J, Montero JA, Flores-Moreno I, Arias L, García-Layana A, Ruiz-Moreno JM. Myopic maculopathy: Current status and proposal for a new classification and grading system (ATN). Prog Retin Eye Res 2019; 69:80-115. [PMID: 30391362 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Myopia is a highly frequent ocular disorder worldwide and pathologic myopia is the 4th most common cause of irreversible blindness in developed countries. Pathologic myopia is especially common in East Asian countries. Ocular alterations associated with pathologic myopia, especially those involving the macular area-defined as myopic maculopathy-are the leading causes of vision loss in patients with pathologic myopia. High myopia is defined as the presence of a highly negative refractive error (>-6 to -8 diopters) in the context of eye elongation (26-26.5 mm). Although the terms high myopia and pathologic myopia are often used interchangeably, they do not refer to the same eye disease. The two key factors driving the development of pathologic myopia are: 1) elongation of the axial length and 2) posterior staphyloma. The presence of posterior staphyloma, which is the most common finding in patients with pathologic myopia, is the key differentiating factor between high and pathologic myopia. The occurrence of staphyloma will, in most cases, eventually lead to other conditions such as atrophic, traction, or neovascular maculopathy. Posterior staphyloma is for instance, responsible for the differences between a myopic macular hole (MH)-with and without retinal detachment-and idiopathic MH. Posterior staphyloma typically induces retinal layer splitting, leading to foveoschisis in myopic MH, an important differentiating factor between myopic and emmetropic MH. Myopic maculopathy is a highly complex disease and current classification systems do not fully account for the numerous changes that occur in the macula of these patients. Therefore, a more comprehensive classification system is needed, for several important reasons. First, to more precisely define the disease stage to improve follow-up by enabling clinicians to more accurately monitor changes over time, which is essential given the progressive nature of this condition. Second, unification of the currently-available classification systems would establish standardized classification criteria that could be used to compare the findings from international multicentric studies. Finally, a more comprehensive classification system could help to improve our understanding of the genetic origins of this disease, which is clearly relevant given the interchangeable-but erroneous-use of the terms high and pathologic myopia in genetic research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Ruiz-Medrano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier A Montero
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rio Hortega University Hospital, Valladolid, Spain; Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ""Prevención, detección precoz, y tratamiento de la patología ocular prevalente, degenerativa y crónica" (RD16/0008/0021), Spanish Ministry of Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Retina Unit, Oftalvist, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Luis Arias
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alfredo García-Layana
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ""Prevención, detección precoz, y tratamiento de la patología ocular prevalente, degenerativa y crónica" (RD16/0008/0021), Spanish Ministry of Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - José M Ruiz-Moreno
- Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud: ""Prevención, detección precoz, y tratamiento de la patología ocular prevalente, degenerativa y crónica" (RD16/0008/0021), Spanish Ministry of Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Department of Ophthalmology, Castilla La Mancha University, Albacete, Spain; Vissum Corporation, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tedja MS, Haarman AEG, Meester-Smoor MA, Kaprio J, Mackey DA, Guggenheim JA, Hammond CJ, Verhoeven VJM, Klaver CCW. IMI - Myopia Genetics Report. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:M89-M105. [PMID: 30817828 PMCID: PMC6892384 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-25965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The knowledge on the genetic background of refractive error and myopia has expanded dramatically in the past few years. This white paper aims to provide a concise summary of current genetic findings and defines the direction where development is needed. We performed an extensive literature search and conducted informal discussions with key stakeholders. Specific topics reviewed included common refractive error, any and high myopia, and myopia related to syndromes. To date, almost 200 genetic loci have been identified for refractive error and myopia, and risk variants mostly carry low risk but are highly prevalent in the general population. Several genes for secondary syndromic myopia overlap with those for common myopia. Polygenic risk scores show overrepresentation of high myopia in the higher deciles of risk. Annotated genes have a wide variety of functions, and all retinal layers appear to be sites of expression. The current genetic findings offer a world of new molecules involved in myopiagenesis. As the missing heritability is still large, further genetic advances are needed. This Committee recommends expanding large-scale, in-depth genetic studies using complementary big data analytics, consideration of gene-environment effects by thorough measurement of environmental exposures, and focus on subgroups with extreme phenotypes and high familial occurrence. Functional characterization of associated variants is simultaneously needed to bridge the knowledge gap between sequence variance and consequence for eye growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milly S. Tedja
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annechien E. G. Haarman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Magda A. Meester-Smoor
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - David A. Mackey
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Menzies Institute of Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jeremy A. Guggenheim
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Hammond
- Section of Academic Ophthalmology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Virginie J. M. Verhoeven
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline C. W. Klaver
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - for the CREAM Consortium
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Menzies Institute of Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Section of Academic Ophthalmology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Xia Y, Huang N, Chen Z, Li F, Fan G, Ma D, Chen J, Teng J. CCDC102B functions in centrosome linker assembly and centrosome cohesion. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs222901. [PMID: 30404835 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.222901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteinaceous centrosome linker is an important structure that allows the centrosome to function as a single microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) in interphase cells. However, the assembly mechanism of the centrosome linker components remains largely unknown. In this study, we identify CCDC102B as a new centrosome linker protein that is required for maintaining centrosome cohesion. CCDC102B is recruited to the centrosome by C-Nap1 (also known as CEP250) and interacts with the centrosome linker components rootletin and LRRC45. CCDC102B decorates and facilitates the formation of rootletin filaments. Furthermore, CCDC102B is phosphorylated by Nek2A (an isoform encoded by NEK2) and is disassociated from the centrosome at the onset of mitosis. Together, our findings reveal a molecular role for CCDC102B in centrosome cohesion and centrosome linker assembly.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first authors of the paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Xia
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ning Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhiquan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fangyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Guiliang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianguo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junlin Teng
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|