1
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Jiang Y, Yuan Y, Qiao G, Deng Z, Liu Z, Zhang Y, Yu L, Lin H, Ma L, Zhang J. Paradoxical action of PP2A inhibition and its potential for therapeutic sensitization. J Cell Physiol 2024:e31413. [PMID: 39150149 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a serine/threonine phosphatase, is recognized as a tumor suppressor involved in diverse cellular processes and essential for maintaining cell viability in vivo. However, endogenous inhibitors of PP2A such as cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) and endogenous nuclear protein inhibitor 2 of PP2A (SET) counteract the anticancer function of PP2A, promoting tumorigenesis, development, and drug resistance in tumors. Surprisingly though, contrary to conventional understanding, inhibition of the tumor suppressor gene PP2A with exogenous small molecule compounds can enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment and achieve superior tumor inhibition. Moreover, exogenous PP2A inhibitors resensitize cancers to treatment and provide novel therapeutic strategies for drug-resistant tumors, which warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanglei Qiao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhoufeng Deng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zimei Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Yu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjian Lin
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Ma
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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2
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Ma W, Luo H, Lv J, Wen P, Liu G, Yu Z, Yang Z, Huang W. Immunoregulatory Engineering of Semiconducting Charge-Reversal Nanoantioxidant for Ameliorating Cancer Radioimmunotheranostics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402929. [PMID: 38847976 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is a crucial clinical modality for cancer. However, nonselectivity, toxicity to normal tissues, and radio-resistance severely limit RT applications. This study develops a versatile X-ray theranostic nano-antioxidant (XTN) to prevent normal tissues from oxidative damage and induce systematic and robust anticancer immunity. XTN owns NIR-II photoacoustic (PA) imaging properties for precise discrimination of the tumor margin through, thereby improving the accuracy of RT. Additionally, XTN is a nano-antioxidant to enhance the cell viability of normal cells after irradiation. Most importantly, XTN scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the TME to preserve the stimulatory activity of released high mobility group protein B1 to dendritic cells (DCs) and recover T cells' immune function. Meanwhile, XTN achieves charge-reversal specifically releasing an immunomodulator (demethylcantharidin, DMC) in the acidic TME. Moreover, the specifically released DMC inhibits protein phosphatase-2A activity and reduces regulatory T cell (Treg) differentiation. In the bilateral 4T1 tumor model, XTN-mediated radioimmunotherapy remarkably boosts a systemic antitumor immune response and induces durable immunological memory against tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ma
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Haifen Luo
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Jingqi Lv
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Peiye Wen
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang an Biomedicine Laboratory, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523018, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350117, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
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3
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Zhou X, Li M, Ai M, Li Y, Zhu X, Hansen MJ, Zhong J, Johnson KL, Zenka R, Pandey A, Pease LR, Zeng H. PP2A catalytic subunit alpha is critically required for CD8 + T-cell homeostasis and antibacterial responses. Eur J Immunol 2024:e2451080. [PMID: 39072720 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202451080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Although the functions of tyrosine phosphatases in T-cell biology have been extensively studied, our knowledge on the contribution of serine/threonine phosphatases in T cells remains poor. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is one of the most abundantly expressed serine/threonine phosphatases. It is important in thymocyte development and CD4+ T-cell differentiation. Utilizing a genetic model in which its catalytic subunit alpha isoform (PP2A Cα) is deleted in T cells, we investigated its contribution to CD8+ T-cell homeostasis and effector functions. Our results demonstrate that T-cell intrinsic PP2A Cα is critically required for CD8+ T-cell homeostasis in secondary lymphoid organs and intestinal mucosal site. Importantly, PP2A Cα-deficient CD8+ T cells exhibit reduced proliferation and survival. CD8+ T-cell antibacterial response is strictly dependent on PP2A Cα. Expression of Bcl2 transgene rescues CD8+ T-cell homeostasis in spleens, but not in intestinal mucosal site, nor does it restore defective antibacterial responses. Finally, proteomics and phosphoproteomics analyses reveal potential targets dependent on PP2A Cα, including mTORC1 and AKT. Thus, PP2A Cα is a key modulator of CD8+ T-cell homeostasis and effector functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhou
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Meilu Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Minji Ai
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yanfeng Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xingxing Zhu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michael J Hansen
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jun Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Roman Zenka
- Proteomics Core, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Larry R Pease
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hu Zeng
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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4
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Alencar-Silva T, de Barcelos SM, Silva-Carvalho A, Sousa MGDC, Rezende TMB, Pogue R, Saldanha-Araújo F, Franco OL, Boroni M, Zonari A, Carvalho JL. Senotherapeutic Peptide 14 Suppresses Th1 and M1 Human T Cell and Monocyte Subsets In Vitro. Cells 2024; 13:813. [PMID: 38786036 PMCID: PMC11120033 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation contributes to the onset and exacerbation of numerous age-related diseases, often manifesting as a chronic condition during aging. Given that cellular senescence fosters local and systemic inflammation, senotherapeutic interventions could potentially aid in managing or even reducing inflammation. Here, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of the senotherapeutic Peptide 14 (Pep 14) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), monocytes, and macrophages. We found that, despite failing to significantly influence T cell activation and proliferation, the peptide promoted a Th2/Treg gene expression and cytokine signature in PBMCs, characterized by increased expression of the transcription factors GATA3 and FOXP3, as well as the cytokines IL-4 and IL-10. These observations were partially confirmed through ELISA, in which we observed increased IL-10 release by resting and PHA-stimulated PBMCs. In monocytes from the U-937 cell line, Pep 14 induced apoptosis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cells and upregulated IL-10 expression. Furthermore, Pep 14 prevented LPS-induced activation and promoted an M2-like polarization in U-937-derived macrophages, evidenced by decreased expression of M1 markers and increased expression of M2 markers. We also showed that the conditioned media from Pep 14-treated macrophages enhanced fibroblast migration, indicative of a functional M2 phenotype. Taken together, our findings suggest that Pep 14 modulates immune cell function towards an anti-inflammatory and regenerative phenotype, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic intervention to alleviate immunosenescence-associated dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuany Alencar-Silva
- Post-Graduation Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil (S.M.d.B.); (M.G.d.C.S.); (T.M.B.R.); (R.P.)
| | - Stefhani Martins de Barcelos
- Post-Graduation Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil (S.M.d.B.); (M.G.d.C.S.); (T.M.B.R.); (R.P.)
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Amandda Silva-Carvalho
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil; (A.S.-C.)
| | - Mauricio Gonçalves da Costa Sousa
- Post-Graduation Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil (S.M.d.B.); (M.G.d.C.S.); (T.M.B.R.); (R.P.)
| | - Taia Maria Berto Rezende
- Post-Graduation Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil (S.M.d.B.); (M.G.d.C.S.); (T.M.B.R.); (R.P.)
- Dentistry Department, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Robert Pogue
- Post-Graduation Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil (S.M.d.B.); (M.G.d.C.S.); (T.M.B.R.); (R.P.)
| | - Felipe Saldanha-Araújo
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil; (A.S.-C.)
| | - Octávio Luiz Franco
- Post-Graduation Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil (S.M.d.B.); (M.G.d.C.S.); (T.M.B.R.); (R.P.)
- Centre of Proteomic Analyses and Biochemistry, Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Program, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil
- S-Inova Biotech, Biotechnology Program, Catholic University Dom Bosco, Campo Grande 79117-900, Brazil
- Molecular Pathology Program, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Mariana Boroni
- OneSkin, Inc., San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Lab, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Zonari
- Molecular Pathology Program, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Post-Graduation Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília 71966-700, Brazil (S.M.d.B.); (M.G.d.C.S.); (T.M.B.R.); (R.P.)
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
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5
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Dias MH, Liudkovska V, Montenegro Navarro J, Giebel L, Champagne J, Papagianni C, Bleijerveld OB, Velds A, Agami R, Bernards R, Cieśla M. The phosphatase inhibitor LB-100 creates neoantigens in colon cancer cells through perturbation of mRNA splicing. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:2220-2238. [PMID: 38600345 PMCID: PMC11094086 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00128-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Perturbation of protein phosphorylation represents an attractive approach to cancer treatment. Besides kinase inhibitors, protein phosphatase inhibitors have been shown to have anti-cancer activity. A prime example is the small molecule LB-100, an inhibitor of protein phosphatases 2A/5 (PP2A/PP5), enzymes that affect cellular physiology. LB-100 has proven effective in pre-clinical models in combination with immunotherapy, but the molecular underpinnings of this synergy remain understood poorly. We report here a sensitivity of the mRNA splicing machinery to phosphorylation changes in response to LB-100 in colorectal adenocarcinoma. We observe enrichment for differentially phosphorylated sites within cancer-critical splicing nodes of U2 snRNP, SRSF and hnRNP proteins. Altered phosphorylation endows LB-100-treated colorectal adenocarcinoma cells with differential splicing patterns. In PP2A-inhibited cells, over 1000 events of exon skipping and intron retention affect regulators of genomic integrity. Finally, we show that LB-100-evoked alternative splicing leads to neoantigens that are presented by MHC class 1 at the cell surface. Our findings provide a potential explanation for the pre-clinical and clinical observations that LB-100 sensitizes cancer cells to immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus H Dias
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jasmine Montenegro Navarro
- Division of Oncogenomics and Oncode institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lisanne Giebel
- Division of Oncogenomics and Oncode institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julien Champagne
- Division of Oncogenomics and Oncode institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chrysa Papagianni
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Onno B Bleijerveld
- Proteomics Facility, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arno Velds
- Central Genomics Facility, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Reuven Agami
- Division of Oncogenomics and Oncode institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - René Bernards
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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6
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Qi Y, Li L, Wei Y, Ma F. PP2A as a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer: Current insights and future perspectives. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116398. [PMID: 38458011 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has become the most prevalent malignancy worldwide; however, therapeutic efficacy is far from satisfactory. To alleviate the burden of this disease, it is imperative to discover novel mechanisms and treatment strategies. Protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A) comprises a family of mammalian serine/threonine phosphatases that regulate many cellular processes. PP2A is dysregulated in several human diseases, including oncological pathologies, and plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of tumours. The role of PP2A as a tumour suppressor has been extensively studied, and its regulation can serve as a target for anticancer therapy. Recent studies have shown that PP2A is a tumour promotor. PP2A-mediated anticancer therapy may involve two opposing mechanisms: activation and inhibition. In general, the contradictory roles of PP2A should not be overlooked, and more work is needed to determine the molecular mechanism by which PP2A affects in tumours. In this review, the literature on the role of PP2A in tumours, especially in breast cancer, was analysed. This review describes relevant targets of breast cancer, such as cell cycle control, DNA damage responses, epidermal growth factor receptor, immune modulation and cell death resistance, which may lead to effective therapeutic strategies or influence drug development in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Qi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chaoyang District, Pan jia yuan nan Road 17, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Lixi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chaoyang District, Pan jia yuan nan Road 17, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yuhan Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chaoyang District, Pan jia yuan nan Road 17, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chaoyang District, Pan jia yuan nan Road 17, Beijing 100021, China.
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7
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Zhou X, Li M, Ai M, Li Y, Zhu X, Hansen MJ, Zhong J, Johnson KL, Zenka R, Pandey A, Pease LR, Zeng H. PP2A catalytic subunit alpha is critically required for CD8 + T cell homeostasis and anti-bacterial responses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.06.578745. [PMID: 38370780 PMCID: PMC10871277 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.06.578745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
While the functions of tyrosine phosphatases in T cell biology have been extensively studied, our knowledge on the contribution of serine/threonine phosphatases in T cells remains poor. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is one of the most abundantly expressed serine/threonine phosphatases. It is important in thymocyte development and CD4+ T cell differentiation. Utilizing a genetic model in which its catalytic subunit alpha isoform (PP2A Cα) is deleted in T cells, we investigated its contribution to CD8+ T cell homeostasis and effector functions. Our results demonstrate that T cell intrinsic PP2A Cα is critically required for CD8+ T cell homeostasis in secondary lymphoid organs and intestinal mucosal site. Importantly, PP2A Cα deficient CD8+ T cells exhibit reduced proliferation and survival. CD8+ T cell anti-bacterial response is strictly dependent on PP2A Cα. Expression of Bcl2 transgene rescues CD8+ T cell homeostasis in spleens, but not in intestinal mucosal site, nor does it restore the defective anti-bacterial responses. Finally, proteomics and phosphoproteomics analyses reveal potential targets dependent on PP2A Cα, including mTORC1 and AKT. Thus, PP2A Cα is a key modulator of CD8+ T cell homeostasis and effector functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhou
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Meilu Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Minji Ai
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yanfeng Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Xingxing Zhu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael J Hansen
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jun Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Roman Zenka
- Proteomics Core, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Larry R Pease
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Hu Zeng
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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8
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Guo M, Li Z, Gu M, Gu J, You Q, Wang L. Targeting phosphatases: From molecule design to clinical trials. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 264:116031. [PMID: 38101039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatase is a kind of enzyme that can dephosphorylate target proteins, which can be divided into serine/threonine phosphatase and tyrosine phosphatase according to its mode of action. Current evidence showed multiple phosphatases were highly correlated with diseases including various cancers, demonstrating them as potential targets. However, currently, targeting phosphatases with small molecules faces many challenges, resulting in no drug approved. In this case, phosphatases are even regarded as "undruggable" targets for a long time. Recently, a variety of strategies have been adopted in the design of small molecule inhibitors targeting phosphatases, leading many of them to enter into the clinical trials. In this review, we classified these inhibitors into 4 types, including (1) molecular glues, (2) small molecules targeting catalytic sites, (3) allosteric inhibition, and (4) bifunctional molecules (proteolysis targeting chimeras, PROTACs). These molecules with diverse strategies prove the feasibility of phosphatases as drug targets. In addition, the combination therapy of phosphatase inhibitors with other drugs has also entered clinical trials, which suggests a broad prospect. Thus, targeting phosphatases with small molecules by different strategies is emerging as a promising way in the modulation of pathogenetic phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mochen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zekun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Mingxiao Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Junrui Gu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qidong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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9
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Amirian R, Azadi Badrbani M, Izadi Z, Samadian H, Bahrami G, Sarvari S, Abdolmaleki S, Nabavi SM, Derakhshankhah H, Jaymand M. Targeted protein modification as a paradigm shift in drug discovery. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115765. [PMID: 37659194 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Targeted Protein Modification (TPM) is an umbrella term encompassing numerous tools and approaches that use bifunctional agents to induce a desired modification over the POI. The most well-known TPM mechanism is PROTAC-directed protein ubiquitination. PROTAC-based targeted degradation offers several advantages over conventional small-molecule inhibitors, has shifted the drug discovery paradigm, and is acquiring increasing interest as over ten PROTACs have entered clinical trials in the past few years. Targeting the protein of interest for proteasomal degradation by PROTACS was the pioneer of various toolboxes for selective protein degradation. Nowadays, the ever-increasing number of tools and strategies for modulating and modifying the POI has expanded far beyond protein degradation, which phosphorylation and de-phosphorylation of the protein of interest, targeted acetylation, and selective modification of protein O-GlcNAcylation are among them. These novel strategies have opened new avenues for achieving more precise outcomes while remaining feasible and minimizing side effects. This field, however, is still in its infancy and has a long way to precede widespread use and translation into clinical practice. Herein, we investigate the pros and cons of these novel strategies by exploring the latest advancements in this field. Ultimately, we briefly discuss the emerging potential applications of these innovations in cancer therapy, neurodegeneration, viral infections, and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Amirian
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Azadi Badrbani
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Zhila Izadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Hadi Samadian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Bahrami
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Sajad Sarvari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
| | - Sara Abdolmaleki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100, Benevento, Italy.
| | - Hossein Derakhshankhah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Jaymand
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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10
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Mondal I, Das O, Sun R, Gao J, Yu B, Diaz A, Behnan J, Dubey A, Meng Z, Eskandar E, Xu B, Lu RO, Ho WS. PP2Ac Deficiency Enhances Tumor Immunogenicity by Activating STING-Type I Interferon Signaling in Glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2023; 83:2527-2542. [PMID: 37219874 PMCID: PMC10525036 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-3382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an immunologically "cold" tumor that does not respond to current immunotherapy. Here, we demonstrate a fundamental role for the α-isoform of the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase-2A (PP2Ac) in regulating glioma immunogenicity. Genetic ablation of PP2Ac in glioma cells enhanced double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) production and cGAS-type I IFN signaling, MHC-I expression, and tumor mutational burden. In coculture experiments, PP2Ac deficiency in glioma cells promoted dendritic cell (DC) cross-presentation and clonal expansion of CD8+ T cells. In vivo, PP2Ac depletion sensitized tumors to immune-checkpoint blockade and radiotherapy treatment. Single-cell analysis demonstrated that PP2Ac deficiency increased CD8+ T-cell, natural killer cell, and DC accumulation and reduced immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages. Furthermore, loss of PP2Ac increased IFN signaling in myeloid and tumor cells and reduced expression of a tumor gene signature associated with worse patient survival in The Cancer Genome Atlas. Collectively, this study establishes a novel role for PP2Ac in inhibiting dsDNA-cGAS-STING signaling to suppress antitumor immunity in glioma. SIGNIFICANCE PP2Ac deficiency promotes cGAS-STING signaling in glioma to induce a tumor-suppressive immune microenvironment, highlighting PP2Ac as a potential therapeutic target to enhance tumor immunogenicity and improve response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Mondal
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Oishika Das
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Raymond Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Bohyeon Yu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aaron Diaz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jinan Behnan
- The Leo M. Davidoff Department of Neurological Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Dominick Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Abhishek Dubey
- The Leo M. Davidoff Department of Neurological Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Dominick Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Zhipeng Meng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Emad Eskandar
- The Leo M. Davidoff Department of Neurological Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Dominick Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Beisi Xu
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Rongze Olivia Lu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Winson S. Ho
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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11
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Yu Y, Xie BR, Liu XH, Ye JJ, Zhong Z, Zhang XZ. Mineralized Porphyrin Metal-Organic Framework for Improved Tumor Elimination and Combined Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37364286 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Calcium ion therapy is a potential anticancer treatment. However, the cellular calcium-buffering mechanism limited the effectiveness of calcium ion therapy. Here, we constructed a mineralized porphyrin metal-organic framework (PCa) to produce calcium ions and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which destroyed cell calcium buffering capacity and amplified the cell damage caused by calcium overload. In addition, PCa could induce cell immunogenic death to release tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and be used as an adjuvant. Thus, PCa could increase DC maturation and promote the antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells. For mice experiment, PCa not only showed excellent tumor elimination on the subcutaneous breast tumor but also achieved obvious antimetastasis effect in the metastatic tumor model. This nanosystem could eliminate the primary tumor and boost effective antitumor immunotherapy for comprehensive anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Ru Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Jie Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Zhenlin Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
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12
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Roy S, Batra L. Protein Phosphatase 2A: Role in T Cells and Diseases. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:4522053. [PMID: 37234102 PMCID: PMC10208765 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4522053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a serine-threonine phosphatase that plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation and signal transduction. The catalytic activity of PP2A is integral in the maintenance of physiological functions which gets severely impaired in its absence. PP2A plays an essential role in the activation, differentiation, and functions of T cells. PP2A suppresses Th1 cell differentiation while promoting Th2 cell differentiation. PP2A fosters Th17 cell differentiation which contributes to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by enhancing the transactivation of the Il17 gene. Genetic deletion of PP2A in Tregs disrupts Foxp3 expression due to hyperactivation of mTORC1 signaling which impairs the development and immunosuppressive functions of Tregs. PP2A is important in the induction of Th9 cells and promotes their antitumor functions. PP2A activation has shown to reduce neuroinflammation in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and is now used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) clinically. In this review, we will discuss the structure and functions of PP2A in T cell differentiation and diseases and therapeutic applications of PP2A-mediated immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyasha Roy
- Immuno-Biology Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lalit Batra
- Regional Biocontainment Laboratory, Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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13
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Mortaezaee K, Majidpoor J. Mechanisms of CD8 + T cell exclusion and dysfunction in cancer resistance to anti-PD-(L)1. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114824. [PMID: 37141735 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells are the front-line defensive cells against cancer. Reduced infiltration and effector function of CD8+ T cells occurs in cancer and is contributed to defective immunity and immunotherapy resistance. Exclusion and exhaustion of CD8+ T cells are the two key factors associated with reduced durability of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Initially activated T cells upon exposure to chronic antigen stimulation or immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) acquire a hyporesponsive state that progressively lose their effector function. Thus, a key strategy in cancer immunotherapy is to look for factors contributed to defective CD8+ T cell infiltration and function. Targeting such factors can define a promising supplementary approach in patients receiving anti-programmed death-1 receptor (PD-1)/anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy. Recently, bispecific antibodies are developed against PD-(L)1 and a dominant factor within TME, representing higher safety profile and exerting more desired outcomes. The focus of this review is to discuss about promoters of deficient infiltration and effector function of CD8+ T cells and their addressing in cancer ICI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keywan Mortaezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
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14
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Choi JY, Kim TJ. The Current Status and Future Perspectives of Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Engineered T Cell Therapy for the Management of Patients with Endometrial Cancer. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:3359-3374. [PMID: 37185744 PMCID: PMC10136476 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45040220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a gynecological neoplasm that is increasing in occurrence and mortality rates. Although endometrial cancer in the early stages shows a relatively favorable prognosis, there is an increase in cancer-related mortality rates in the advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma population and patients in the metastatic setting. This discrepancy has presented an opportunity for research and development of target therapies in this population. After obtaining promising results with hematologic cancers, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell immunotherapy is gaining acceptance as a treatment for solid neoplasms. This treatment platform allows T cells to express tumor-specific CARs on the cell surface, which are administered to the patient to treat neoplastic cells. Given that CAR-T cell therapy has shown potential and clinical benefit compared to other T cell treatment platforms, additional research is required to overcome physiological limitations such as CAR-T cell depletion, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and the lack of specific target molecules. Different approaches and development are ongoing to overcome these complications. This review examines CAR-T cell therapy's current use for endometrial carcinomas. We also discuss the significant adverse effects and limitations of this immunotherapeutic approach. Finally, we consolidate signal-seeking early-phase clinical trials and advancements that have shown promising results, leading to the approval of new immunotherapeutic agents for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Choi
- Department of Gynecology and Infertility Medicine, CHA University Ilsan Medical Center, Goyang 1205, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Department of Urology, CHA University Ilsan Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Goyang 1205, Republic of Korea
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15
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Ho WS, Mondal I, Xu B, Das O, Sun R, Chiou P, Cai X, Tahmasebinia F, McFadden E, Wu CYJ, Wu Z, Matsui W, Lim M, Meng Z, Lu RO. PP2Ac/STRN4 negatively regulates STING-type I IFN signaling in tumor-associated macrophages. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e162139. [PMID: 36757811 PMCID: PMC10014107 DOI: 10.1172/jci162139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimulator of IFN genes type I (STING-Type I) IFN signaling in myeloid cells plays a critical role in effective antitumor immune responses, but STING agonists as monotherapy have shown limited efficacy in clinical trials. The mechanisms that downregulate STING signaling are not fully understood. Here, we report that protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), with its specific B regulatory subunit Striatin 4 (STRN4), negatively regulated STING-Type I IFN in macrophages. Mice with macrophage PP2A deficiency exhibited reduced tumor progression. The tumor microenvironment showed decreased immunosuppressive and increased IFN-activated macrophages and CD8+ T cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that Hippo kinase MST1/2 was required for STING activation. STING agonists induced dissociation of PP2A from MST1/2 in normal macrophages, but not in tumor conditioned macrophages. Furthermore, our data showed that STRN4 mediated PP2A binding to and dephosphorylation of Hippo kinase MST1/2, resulting in stabilization of YAP/TAZ to antagonize STING activation. In human patients with glioblastoma (GBM), YAP/TAZ was highly expressed in tumor-associated macrophages but not in nontumor macrophages. We also demonstrated that PP2A/STRN4 deficiency in macrophages reduced YAP/TAZ expression and sensitized tumor-conditioned macrophages to STING stimulation. In summary, we demonstrated that PP2A/STRN4-YAP/TAZ has, in our opinion, been an unappreciated mechanism that mediates immunosuppression in tumor-associated macrophages, and targeting the PP2A/STRN4-YAP/TAZ axis can sensitize tumors to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winson S. Ho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Isha Mondal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Beisi Xu
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Oishika Das
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Raymond Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Pochin Chiou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaomin Cai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Foozhan Tahmasebinia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Elizabeth McFadden
- Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Caren Yu-Ju Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Zhihao Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - William Matsui
- Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Lim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Zhipeng Meng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Rongze Olivia Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
- Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
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16
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Norcantharidin liposome emulsion hybrid delivery system enhances PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy by agonizing the non-canonical NF-κB pathway. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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17
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Pan X, Geng Z, Li J, Li X, Zhang M, Wang X, Cong Y, Huang K, Xu J, Jia X. Peptide PDHPS1 inhibits ovarian cancer growth through disrupting YAP signaling. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:1160-1170. [PMID: 35545004 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The lives of ovarian cancer patients are threatened largely due to metastasis and drug resistance. Endogenous peptides attract increasing attention in oncologic therapeutic area, a few anti-tumor peptides have been approved by the food and drug administration (FDA) for clinical use over the past decades. However, only few peptides or peptide-derived drugs with anti-ovarian cancer effects have been identified. Here we focused on the biological roles and mechanism of a peptide named PDHPS1 in ovarian cancer development. Our results indicated that PDHPS1 reduced the proliferation ability of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and inhibited the ovarian cancer growth in vivo. Peptide pull down and following mass spectrometry, western blot and qRT-PCR revealed that PDHPS1 could bind to protein phosphatase 2 phosphatase activator (PTPA), an essential activator of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), which resulted in increase of phosphorylated YAP, further inactivated YAP and suppressed the expression of its downstream target genes. Flow cytometry, cell membrane permeability test and immunohistochemical staining study demonstrated that there are no observable side effects of PDHPS1 on normal ovarian epithelium and hepatorenal function. Besides, modification of membrane penetration could improve the physicochemical properties and biological activity of PDHPS1. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that the endogenous peptide PDHPS1 serves as an anti-tumor peptide to inhibit YAP signaling pathway though interacting with PTPA in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxing Pan
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhe Geng
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xusu Wang
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Cong
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Huang
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuemei Jia
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
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18
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Faraji F, Ramirez SI, Anguiano Quiroz PY, Mendez-Molina AN, Gutkind JS. Genomic Hippo Pathway Alterations and Persistent YAP/TAZ Activation: New Hallmarks in Head and Neck Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:1370. [PMID: 35456049 PMCID: PMC9028246 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represents a highly prevalent and deadly malignancy worldwide. The prognosis for locoregionally advanced HNSCC has not appreciably improved over the past 30 years despite advances in surgical, radiation, and targeted therapies and less than 20% of HNSCC patients respond to recently approved immune checkpoint inhibitors. The Hippo signaling pathway, originally discovered as a mechanism regulating tissue growth and organ size, transduces intracellular and extracellular signals to regulate the transcriptional co-activators YAP and TAZ. Alterations in the Hippo pathway resulting in persistent YAP and TAZ activation have emerged as major oncogenic drivers. Our analysis of the human HNSCC oncogenome revealed multiple genomic alterations impairing Hippo signaling and activating YAP and TAZ, which in turn contribute to HNSCC development. This includes mutations and deletions of the FAT1 gene (29%) and amplification of the WWTR1 (encoding TAZ, 14%) and YAP1 genes (8%), together representing one of the most genetically altered signaling mechanisms in this malignancy. Here, we discuss key elements of the mammalian Hippo pathway, detail mechanisms by which perturbations in Hippo signaling promote HNSCC initiation and progression and outline emerging strategies to target Hippo signaling vulnerabilities as part of novel multimodal precision therapies for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhoud Faraji
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Gleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Sydney I. Ramirez
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | | | - J. Silvio Gutkind
- Gleiberman Head and Neck Cancer Center, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
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19
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Khan MM, Kalim UU, Khan MH, Lahesmaa R. PP2A and Its Inhibitors in Helper T-Cell Differentiation and Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2022; 12:786857. [PMID: 35069561 PMCID: PMC8766794 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.786857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a highly complex heterotrimeric Ser/Thr phosphatase that regulates many cellular processes. The role of PP2A as a tumor suppressor has been extensively studied and reviewed. However, emerging evidence suggests PP2A constrains inflammatory responses and is important in autoimmune and neuroinflammatory diseases. Here, we reviewed the existing literature on the role of PP2A in T-cell differentiation and autoimmunity. We have also discussed the modulation of PP2A activity by endogenous inhibitors and its small-molecule activators as potential therapeutic approaches against autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Moin Khan
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine (TuDMM), University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ubaid Ullah Kalim
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Meraj H. Khan
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Lahesmaa
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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20
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Han X, Wei Q, Lv Y, Weng L, Huang H, Wei Q, Li M, Mao Y, Hua D, Cai X, Cao M, Cao P. Ginseng-derived nanoparticles potentiate immune checkpoint antibody efficacy by reprogramming the cold tumor microenvironment. Mol Ther 2022; 30:327-340. [PMID: 34450250 PMCID: PMC8753455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold tumor microenvironment (TME) marked with low effector T cell infiltration leads to weak response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. Thus, switching cold to hot TME is critical to improve potent ICI therapy. Previously, we reported extracellular vesicle (EV)-like ginseng-derived nanoparticles (GDNPs) that were isolated from Panax ginseng C.A. Mey and can alter M2 polarization to delay the hot tumor B16F10 progression. However, the cold tumor is more common and challenging in the real world. Here, we explored a combinatorial strategy with both GDNPs and PD-1 (programmed cell death protein-1) monoclonal antibody (mAb), which exhibited the ability to alter cold TME and subsequently induce a durable systemic anti-tumor immunity in multiple murine tumor models. GDNPs enhanced PD-1 mAb anti-tumor efficacy in activating tumor-infiltrated T lymphocytes. Our results demonstrated that GDNPs could reprogram tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to increase CCL5 and CXCL9 secretion for recruiting CD8+ T cells into the tumor bed, which have the synergism to PD-1 mAb therapy with no detected systemic toxicity. In situ activation of TAMs by GDNPs may broadly serve as a facile platform to modulate the suppressive cold TME and optimize the PD-1 mAb immunotherapy in future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Han
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qin Wei
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Lv
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Weng
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haoying Huang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingyun Wei
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yujie Mao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Hua
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueting Cai
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Corresponding author: Meng Cao, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Peng Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China,Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China,Corresponding author: Peng Cao, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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21
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Yen YT, Chien M, Wu PY, Ho CC, Ho CT, Huang KCY, Chiang SF, Chao KSC, Chen WTL, Hung SC. Protein phosphatase 2A inactivation induces microsatellite instability, neoantigen production and immune response. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7297. [PMID: 34911954 PMCID: PMC8674339 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsatellite-instable (MSI), a predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) response, is caused by mismatch repair deficiency (MMRd) that occurs through genetic or epigenetic silencing of MMR genes. Here, we report a mechanism of MMRd and demonstrate that protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) deletion or inactivation converts cold microsatellite-stable (MSS) into MSI tumours through two orthogonal pathways: (i) by increasing retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation that leads to E2F and DNMT3A/3B expression with subsequent DNA methylation, and (ii) by increasing histone deacetylase (HDAC)2 phosphorylation that subsequently decreases H3K9ac levels and histone acetylation, which induces epigenetic silencing of MLH1. In mouse models of MSS and MSI colorectal cancers, triple-negative breast cancer and pancreatic cancer, PP2A inhibition triggers neoantigen production, cytotoxic T cell infiltration and ICB sensitization. Human cancer cell lines and tissue array effectively confirm these signaling pathways. These data indicate the dual involvement of PP2A inactivation in silencing MLH1 and inducing MSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Yen
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Drug Development Center, Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan ,grid.411508.90000 0004 0572 9415Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan
| | - May Chien
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Drug Development Center, Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan ,grid.411508.90000 0004 0572 9415Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Wu
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Drug Development Center, Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan ,grid.411508.90000 0004 0572 9415Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Ho
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Drug Development Center, Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan ,grid.411508.90000 0004 0572 9415Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan
| | - Chun-Te Ho
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Drug Development Center, Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan ,grid.411508.90000 0004 0572 9415Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan
| | - Kevin Chih-Yang Huang
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan ,grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Translation Research Core, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Chiang
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Proton Therapy and Science Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan 40402 ROC ,grid.454740.6Lab of Precision Medicine, Feng-Yuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, 42055 Taiwan
| | - K. S. Clifford Chao
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Proton Therapy and Science Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan 40402 ROC
| | - William Tzu-Liang Chen
- grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Department of Colorectal Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan ,grid.254145.30000 0001 0083 6092Department of Colorectal Surgery, China Medical University HsinChu Hospital, China Medical University, HsinChu, 302 Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Hung
- Drug Development Center, Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. .,Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. .,Department of Orthopaedics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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22
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Sarwar Z, Nabi N, Bhat SA, Gillani SQ, Reshi I, Un Nisa M, Adelmant G, Marto J, Andrabi S. Interaction of DBC1 with polyoma small T antigen promotes its degradation and negatively regulates tumorigenesis. J Biol Chem 2021; 298:101496. [PMID: 34921839 PMCID: PMC8784333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Deleted in Breast Cancer 1 (DBC1) is an important metabolic sensor. Previous studies have implicated DBC1 in various cellular functions, notably cell proliferation, apoptosis, histone modification, and adipogenesis. However, current reports about the role of DBC1 in tumorigenesis are controversial and designate DBC1 alternatively as a tumor suppressor or a tumor promoter. In the present study, we report that polyoma small T antigen (PyST) associates with DBC1 in mammalian cells, and this interaction leads to the posttranslational downregulation of DBC1 protein levels. When coexpressed, DBC1 overcomes PyST-induced mitotic arrest and promotes the exit of cells from mitosis. Using both transient and stable modes of PyST expression, we also show that cellular DBC1 is subjected to degradation by LKB1, a tumor suppressor and cellular energy sensor kinase, in an AMP kinase-independent manner. Moreover, LKB1 negatively regulates the phosphorylation as well as activity of the prosurvival kinase AKT1 through DBC1 and its downstream pseudokinase substrate, Tribbles 3 (TRB3). Using both transient transfection and stable cell line approaches as well as soft agar assay, we demonstrate that DBC1 has oncogenic potential. In conclusion, our study provides insight into a novel signaling axis that connects LKB1, DBC1, TRB3, and AKT1. We propose that the LKB1–DBC1–AKT1 signaling paradigm may have an important role in the regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis and consequently tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarka Sarwar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India, 190006
| | - Nusrat Nabi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India, 190006
| | - Sameer Ahmed Bhat
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India, 190006
| | | | - Irfana Reshi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India, 190006
| | - Misbah Un Nisa
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India, 190006
| | - Guillaume Adelmant
- Blais Proteomics Centre, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard University, Boston, USA
| | - Jarrod Marto
- Blais Proteomics Centre, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard University, Boston, USA
| | - Shaida Andrabi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India, 190006.
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23
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Franzese O, Torino F, Giannetti E, Cioccoloni G, Aquino A, Faraoni I, Fuggetta MP, De Vecchis L, Giuliani A, Kaina B, Bonmassar E. Abscopal Effect and Drug-Induced Xenogenization: A Strategic Alliance in Cancer Treatment? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910672. [PMID: 34639014 PMCID: PMC8509363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current state of cancer treatment is still far from being satisfactory considering the strong impairment of patients' quality of life and the high lethality of malignant diseases. Therefore, it is critical for innovative approaches to be tested in the near future. In view of the crucial role that is played by tumor immunity, the present review provides essential information on the immune-mediated effects potentially generated by the interplay between ionizing radiation and cytotoxic antitumor agents when interacting with target malignant cells. Therefore, the radiation-dependent abscopal effect (i.e., a biological effect of ionizing radiation that occurs outside the irradiated field), the influence of cancer chemotherapy on the antigenic pattern of target neoplastic cells, and the immunogenic cell death (ICD) caused by anticancer agents are the main topics of this presentation. It is widely accepted that tumor immunity plays a fundamental role in generating an abscopal effect and that anticancer drugs can profoundly influence not only the host immune responses, but also the immunogenic pattern of malignant cells. Remarkably, several anticancer drugs impact both the abscopal effect and ICD. In addition, certain classes of anticancer agents are able to amplify already expressed tumor-associated antigens (TAA). More importantly, other drugs, especially triazenes, induce the appearance of new tumor neoantigens (TNA), a phenomenon that we termed drug-induced xenogenization (DIX). The adoption of the abscopal effect is proposed as a potential therapeutic modality when properly applied concomitantly with drug-induced increase in tumor cell immunogenicity and ICD. Although little to no preclinical or clinical studies are presently available on this subject, we discuss this issue in terms of potential mechanisms and therapeutic benefits. Upcoming investigations are aimed at evaluating how chemical anticancer drugs, radiation, and immunotherapies are interacting and cooperate in evoking the abscopal effect, tumor xenogenization and ICD, paving the way for new and possibly successful approaches in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Franzese
- School of Medicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (G.C.); (A.A.); (I.F.); (L.D.V.)
| | - Francesco Torino
- Department of Systems Medicine, Medical Oncology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.T.); (E.G.)
| | - Elisa Giannetti
- Department of Systems Medicine, Medical Oncology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.T.); (E.G.)
| | - Giorgia Cioccoloni
- School of Medicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (G.C.); (A.A.); (I.F.); (L.D.V.)
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS29JT, UK
| | - Angelo Aquino
- School of Medicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (G.C.); (A.A.); (I.F.); (L.D.V.)
| | - Isabella Faraoni
- School of Medicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (G.C.); (A.A.); (I.F.); (L.D.V.)
| | - Maria Pia Fuggetta
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.P.F.); (A.G.)
| | - Liana De Vecchis
- School of Medicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (G.C.); (A.A.); (I.F.); (L.D.V.)
| | - Anna Giuliani
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.P.F.); (A.G.)
| | - Bernd Kaina
- Institute of Toxicology, University Medical Center, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
- Correspondence: (B.K.); (E.B.)
| | - Enzo Bonmassar
- School of Medicine, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (O.F.); (G.C.); (A.A.); (I.F.); (L.D.V.)
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.P.F.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: (B.K.); (E.B.)
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24
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Ai X, Yan J, Pogwizd SM. Serine-threonine protein phosphatase regulation of Cx43 dephosphorylation in arrhythmogenic disorders. Cell Signal 2021; 86:110070. [PMID: 34217833 PMCID: PMC8963383 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2021.110070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of cell-to-cell communication in the heart by the gap junction protein Connexin43 (Cx43) involves modulation of Cx43 phosphorylation state by protein kinases, and dephosphorylation by protein phosphatases. Dephosphorylation of Cx43 has been associated with impaired intercellular coupling and enhanced arrhythmogenesis in various pathologic states. While there has been extensive study of the protein kinases acting on Cx43, there has been limited studies of the protein phosphatases that may underlie Cx43 dephosphorylation. The focus of this review is to introduce serine-threonine protein phosphatase regulation of Cx43 phosphorylation state and cell-to-cell communication, and its impact on arrhythmogenesis in the setting of chronic heart failure and myocardial ischemia, as well as on atrial fibrillation. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of modulating protein phosphatases to treat arrhythmias in these clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Ai
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Jiajie Yan
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Steven M Pogwizd
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America.
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25
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Mirzapoiazova T, Xiao G, Mambetsariev B, Nasser MW, Miaou E, Singhal SS, Srivastava S, Mambetsariev I, Nelson MS, Nam A, Behal A, Arvanitis L, Atri P, Muschen M, Tissot FLH, Miser J, Kovach JS, Sattler M, Batra SK, Kulkarni P, Salgia R. Protein Phosphatase 2A as a Therapeutic Target in Small Cell Lung Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:1820-1835. [PMID: 34253596 PMCID: PMC8722383 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a serine/threonine phosphatase involved in the regulation of apoptosis, proliferation, and DNA-damage response, is overexpressed in many cancers, including small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Here we report that LB100, a small molecule inhibitor of PP2A, when combined with platinum-based chemotherapy, synergistically elicited an antitumor response both in vitro and in vivo with no apparent toxicity. Using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, we determined quantitatively that sensitization via LB100 was mediated by increased uptake of carboplatin in SCLC cells. Treatment with LB100 alone or in combination resulted in inhibition of cell viability in two-dimensional culture and three-dimensional spheroid models of SCLC, reduced glucose uptake, and attenuated mitochondrial and glycolytic ATP production. Combining LB100 with atezolizumab increased the capacity of T cells to infiltrate and kill tumor spheroids, and combining LB100 with carboplatin caused hyperphosphorylation of the DNA repair marker γH2AX and enhanced apoptosis while attenuating MET signaling and invasion through an endothelial cell monolayer. Taken together, these data highlight the translational potential of inhibiting PP2A with LB100 in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy and immunotherapy in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Mirzapoiazova
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Gang Xiao
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
- Institute of Immunology, Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bolot Mambetsariev
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Mohd W Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Emily Miaou
- The Isotoparium, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
| | - Sharad S Singhal
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Saumya Srivastava
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Isa Mambetsariev
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Michael S Nelson
- The Light Microscopy and Digital Imaging Core, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Arin Nam
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Amita Behal
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Leonidas Arvanitis
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Pranita Atri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Markus Muschen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - François L H Tissot
- The Isotoparium, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California
| | - James Miser
- Department of Pediatrics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - John S Kovach
- Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc., East Setauket, New York
| | - Martin Sattler
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Prakash Kulkarni
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California.
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26
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He S, Li J, Cheng P, Zeng Z, Zhang C, Duan H, Pu K. Charge‐Reversal Polymer Nano‐modulators for Photodynamic Immunotherapy of Cancer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shasha He
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Jingchao Li
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Penghui Cheng
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Ziling Zeng
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Hongwei Duan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
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27
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Wang F, Zhang Y, Yu X, Teng XL, Ding R, Hu Z, Wang A, Wang Z, Ye Y, Zou Q. ZFP91 disturbs metabolic fitness and antitumor activity of tumor-infiltrating T cells. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:e144318. [PMID: 34403361 DOI: 10.1172/jci144318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper metabolic activities facilitate T cell expansion and antitumor function; however, the mechanisms underlying disruption of the T cell metabolic programme and function in the tumor microenvironment (TME) remain elusive. Here, we show a Zinc finger protein 91 (ZFP91)-governed mechanism disrupting the metabolic pathway and antitumor activity of tumor-infiltrating T cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that impairments in T cell proliferation and activation correlated with ZFP91 in tissue samples from colorectal cancer patients. T cell-specific deletion of Zfp91 led to enhanced T cell proliferation and potentiated T cell antitumor function. Loss of ZFP91 increased mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity to drive T cell glycolysis. Mechanistically, T cell antigen receptor (TCR)-dependent ZFP91 cytosolic translocation promoted protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) complex assembly, thereby restricting mTORC1-mediated metabolic reprogramming. Our results demonstrate that ZFP91 perturbs T cell metabolic and functional states in the TME and suggest that targeting ZFP91 may improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuerong Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Teng
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Ding
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhilin Hu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiting Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengting Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Youqiong Ye
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Zou
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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28
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He S, Li J, Cheng P, Zeng Z, Zhang C, Duan H, Pu K. Charge-Reversal Polymer Nano-modulators for Photodynamic Immunotherapy of Cancer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:19355-19363. [PMID: 34105217 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicine can regulate the balance between cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and suppressive regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs), which however has been rarely exploited for cancer immunotherapy. We report a charge-reversal polymer nano-modulator (SPDMC N) activated by tumor microenvironment (TME) for photodynamic immunotherapy of cancer. SPDMC N is constructed by conjugating an immunomodulator (demethylcantharidin, DMC) to the side chains of a photodynamic polymer via an acid-liable linker. The negative charge of SPDMC N ensures its high stability in blood circulation and ideal tumor accumulation; exposure to acidic TME reverses its surface charge to positive, enhancing tumor penetration and locally releasing DMC. Upon near-infrared photoirradiation, SPDMC N generates singlet oxygen to ablate tumors and promote maturation of dendritic cells. Released DMC inhibits protein phosphatase 2 (PP2A) activity and decreases Tregs differentiation. Such combinational action induces a sharp increase in CTL/Treg ratio in TME and effectively inhibits both primary and distant tumors in living mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha He
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Jingchao Li
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Penghui Cheng
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Ziling Zeng
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Chi Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Hongwei Duan
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
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29
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Vainonen JP, Momeny M, Westermarck J. Druggable cancer phosphatases. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/588/eabe2967. [PMID: 33827975 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abe2967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The phosphorylation status of oncoproteins is regulated by both kinases and phosphatases. Kinase inhibitors are rarely sufficient for successful cancer treatment, and phosphatases have been considered undruggable targets for cancer drug development. However, innovative pharmacological approaches for targeting phosphatases have recently emerged. Here, we review progress in the therapeutic targeting of oncogenic Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-2 (SHP2) and tumor suppressor protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and select other druggable oncogenic and tumor suppressor phosphatases. We describe the modes of action for currently available small molecules that target phosphatases, their use in drug combinations, and advances in clinical development toward future cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia P Vainonen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Majid Momeny
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Westermarck
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland. .,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
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30
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Sun M, Gu P, Yang Y, Yu L, Jiang Z, Li J, Le Y, Chen Y, Ba Q, Wang H. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles inflame tumors to overcome anti-PD-1 resistance through TLR4-NFκB axis. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002508. [PMID: 34117115 PMCID: PMC8202116 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The clinical benefits of antiprogrammed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy are compromised by resistance in immunologically cold tumors. Convergence of immunotherapy and bioengineering is potential to overcome the resistance. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are considered the most promising inorganic biological nanomaterials for clinical transformation, however, the fundamental influence of MSNs on immunotherapy is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of MSNs in tumor resensitization and explore the feasibility of MSNs combined with anti-PD-1 in cancer therapy. Methods Intrinsic and acquired resistant tumors, as well as spontaneous and secondary tumor recurrence models, were used to evaluate the influence of MSNs and the synergistical effect with anti-PD-1 therapy. The roles of CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and macrophages were assessed in Rag-1-/- mice, ovalbumin/OT-1 TCR transgenic T-cell system, and other blocking mice models. Mechanistic studies were processed by transcriptomics analysis and conducted in primary cells, in vitro coculture systems, and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) knockout mice. Results Both granular and rod-shaped MSNs efficiently overcame tumor resistance with dependence on diameter and aspect ratio. Only once injection of MSNs in prior to anti-PD-1 markedly improved the treatment efficacy, protective immunity, and prognosis. MSNs per se boosted infiltration of CTLs as the early event (days 2–3); and synergistically with anti-PD-1 therapy, MSNs rapidly established a T cell-inflamed microenvironment with abundant high-activated (interferon-γ/tumor necrosis factor-α/Perforin/GranzymeB) and low-exhausted (PD-1/lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3)/T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3)) CTLs. Chemokines Ccl5/Cxcl9/Cxcl10, which were produced predominantly by macrophages, promoted MSNs-induced CTLs infiltration. MSNs led to high Ccl5/Cxcl9/Cxcl10 production in vitro and in mice through regulating TLR4-NFκB axis. Blocking TLR4-NFκB axis in macrophages or CTLs infiltration abrogated MSNs-induced resensitization to anti-PD-1 therapy. Conclusions MSNs efficiently and rapidly inflame immunologically cold tumors and resensitize them to anti-PD-1 therapy through TLR4-NFκB-Ccl5/Cxcl9/Cxcl10 axis. MSNs-based theranostic agents can serve as sensitizers for patients with resistant tumors to improve immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Luodan Yu
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheshun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingquan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Le
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Ba
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China .,CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Shuhaibar LC, Kaci N, Egbert JR, Horville T, Loisay L, Vigone G, Uliasz TF, Dambroise E, Swingle MR, Honkanen RE, Biosse Duplan M, Jaffe LA, Legeai-Mallet L. Phosphatase inhibition by LB-100 enhances BMN-111 stimulation of bone growth. JCI Insight 2021; 6:141426. [PMID: 33986191 PMCID: PMC8262325 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.141426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) and inactivating mutations in the natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) guanylyl cyclase both result in decreased production of cyclic GMP in chondrocytes and severe short stature, causing achondroplasia (ACH) and acromesomelic dysplasia, type Maroteaux, respectively. Previously, we showed that an NPR2 agonist BMN-111 (vosoritide) increases bone growth in mice mimicking ACH (Fgfr3Y367C/+). Here, because FGFR3 signaling decreases NPR2 activity by dephosphorylating the NPR2 protein, we tested whether a phosphatase inhibitor (LB-100) could enhance BMN-111–stimulated bone growth in ACH. Measurements of cGMP production in chondrocytes of living tibias, and of NPR2 phosphorylation in primary chondrocytes, showed that LB-100 counteracted FGF-induced dephosphorylation and inactivation of NPR2. In ex vivo experiments with Fgfr3Y367C/+ mice, the combination of BMN-111 and LB-100 increased bone length and cartilage area, restored chondrocyte terminal differentiation, and increased the proliferative growth plate area, more than BMN-111 alone. The combination treatment also reduced the abnormal elevation of MAP kinase activity in the growth plate of Fgfr3Y367C/+ mice and improved the skull base anomalies. Our results provide a proof of concept that a phosphatase inhibitor could be used together with an NPR2 agonist to enhance cGMP production as a therapy for ACH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leia C Shuhaibar
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington Connecticut, USA
| | - Nabil Kaci
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Molecular and Physiopathological Bases of Osteochondrodysplasia, INSERM UMR 1163, F‑75015, Paris, France.,Inovarion, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Jeremy R Egbert
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington Connecticut, USA
| | - Thibault Horville
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Molecular and Physiopathological Bases of Osteochondrodysplasia, INSERM UMR 1163, F‑75015, Paris, France
| | - Léa Loisay
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Molecular and Physiopathological Bases of Osteochondrodysplasia, INSERM UMR 1163, F‑75015, Paris, France
| | - Giulia Vigone
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington Connecticut, USA
| | - Tracy F Uliasz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington Connecticut, USA
| | - Emilie Dambroise
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Molecular and Physiopathological Bases of Osteochondrodysplasia, INSERM UMR 1163, F‑75015, Paris, France
| | - Mark R Swingle
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile Alabama, USA
| | - Richard E Honkanen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile Alabama, USA
| | - Martin Biosse Duplan
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Molecular and Physiopathological Bases of Osteochondrodysplasia, INSERM UMR 1163, F‑75015, Paris, France.,Service de Médecine Bucco-Dentaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Laurinda A Jaffe
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington Connecticut, USA
| | - Laurence Legeai-Mallet
- Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Molecular and Physiopathological Bases of Osteochondrodysplasia, INSERM UMR 1163, F‑75015, Paris, France
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Wabnitz GH, Honus S, Habicht J, Orlik C, Kirchgessner H, Samstag Y. LFA-1 cluster formation in T-cells depends on L-plastin phosphorylation regulated by P90 RSK and PP2A. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:3543-3564. [PMID: 33449151 PMCID: PMC11072591 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03744-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The integrin LFA-1 is crucial for T-cell/ APC interactions and sensitive recognition of antigens. Precise nanoscale organization and valency regulation of LFA-1 are mandatory for an appropriate function of the immune system. While the inside-out signals regulating the LFA-1 affinity are well described, the molecular mechanisms controlling LFA-1 avidity are still not fully understood. Here, we show that activation of the actin-bundling protein L-plastin (LPL) through phosphorylation at serine-5 enables the formation of clusters containing LFA-1 in high-affinity conformation. Phosphorylation of LPL is induced by an nPKC-MEK-p90RSK pathway and counter-regulated by the serine-threonine phosphatase PP2A. Interestingly, recruitment of LFA-1 into the T-cell/APC contact zone is not affected by LPL phosphorylation. Instead, for this process, activation of the actin-remodeling protein cofilin through dephosphorylation is essential. Together, this study reveals a dichotomic spatial regulation of LFA-1 clustering and microscale movement in T-cells by two different actin-binding proteins, LPL and cofilin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido H Wabnitz
- Institute of Immunology, Section Molecular Immunology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sibylle Honus
- Institute of Immunology, Section Molecular Immunology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jüri Habicht
- Institute of Immunology, Section Molecular Immunology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Orlik
- Institute of Immunology, Section Molecular Immunology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henning Kirchgessner
- Institute of Immunology, Section Molecular Immunology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Samstag
- Institute of Immunology, Section Molecular Immunology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 305, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Peng SY, Chen L, Deng RH, Li H, Liu XH, Zheng DW, Wu CC, Liu CJ, Sun ZJ, Zhang XZ. Non-depleting reformation of immunosuppressive myeloid cells to broaden the application of anti-PD therapy. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:4420-4431. [PMID: 33616147 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00830g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Traditional methods of depleting tumor-associated myeloid cells via chemotherapy can easily lead to the re-recruitment of them, eventually resulting in chemo-resistance and presenting obstacles in immunotherapy. Herein, we report a nano-educator (NE) that when loaded with all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and anti-PD-1 antibodies (aPD-1) instructs myeloid cells to assist T cells towards revitalizing anti-PD-1 therapy. In vivo, ATRA converts myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) into dendritic cells (DCs), which are essential for anti-PD-1 therapy, while intervening in the polarization of macrophages. Furthermore, aPD-1-armed T cells reboot anti-tumor immunity after suppression relief, which exposes tumor-specific antigens and in turn promotes the maturation of transformed DCs. The nano-platform provides shelter for vulnerable immunomodulatory agents and durable drug release to stimulate intensive immune modulation. We established three types of tumor-bearing mice models with different myeloid cell contents to show the spatiotemporal complementarity of ATRA and aPD-1. The NE re-educates the tumor's guard to assist T cells in enhanced immunotherapy, broadening the application of aPD-1 in the treatment of anti-PD-1-resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China. and Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Hui Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Hao Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China. and Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Di-Wei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Cong-Cong Wu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China. and Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Chuan-Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Jun Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China. and Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
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Schepisi G, Casadei C, Toma I, Poti G, Iaia ML, Farolfi A, Conteduca V, Lolli C, Ravaglia G, Brighi N, Altavilla A, Martinelli G, De Giorgi U. Immunotherapy and Its Development for Gynecological (Ovarian, Endometrial and Cervical) Tumors: From Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors to Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T Cell Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:840. [PMID: 33671294 PMCID: PMC7922040 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynecological tumors are malignancies with both high morbidity and mortality. To date, only a few chemotherapeutic agents have shown efficacy against these cancer types (only ovarian cancer responds to several agents, especially platinum-based combinations). Within this context, the discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors has led to numerous clinical studies being carried out that have also demonstrated their activity in these cancer types. More recently, following the development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy in hematological malignancies, this strategy was also tested in solid tumors, including gynecological cancers. In this article, we focus on the molecular basis of gynecological tumors that makes them potential candidates for immunotherapy. We also provide an overview of the main immunotherapy studies divided by tumor type and report on CAR technology and the studies currently underway in the area of gynecological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Schepisi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Chiara Casadei
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Ilaria Toma
- Clinical Oncology, Arcispedale Sant’Anna University Hospital, 44124 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Giulia Poti
- Istituto Dermopatico dell’Immacolata, IDI IRCCS, 00167 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Laura Iaia
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
- Medical Oncology Unit 1, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alberto Farolfi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Vincenza Conteduca
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Cristian Lolli
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Giorgia Ravaglia
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy;
| | - Nicole Brighi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Amelia Altavilla
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
| | - Ugo De Giorgi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, Via P. Maroncelli 40, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (C.C.); (M.L.I.); (A.F.); (V.C.); (C.L.); (N.B.); (A.A.); (G.M.); (U.D.G.)
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Cairns J, Ly RC, Niu N, Kalari KR, Carlson EE, Wang L. CDC25B partners with PP2A to induce AMPK activation and tumor suppression in triple negative breast cancer. NAR Cancer 2020; 2:zcaa039. [PMID: 33385163 PMCID: PMC7751685 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcaa039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell division cycle 25 (CDC25) dual specificity phosphatases positively regulate the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinase/cyclin complexes. Here, we demonstrate that in addition to its role in cell cycle regulation, CDC25B functions as a regulator of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), a major cellular Ser/Thr phosphatase, through its direct interaction with PP2A catalytic subunit. Importantly, CDC25B alters the regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase signaling (AMPK) by PP2A, increasing AMPK activity by inhibiting PP2A to dephosphorylate AMPK. CDC25B depletion leads to metformin resistance by inhibiting metformin-induced AMPK activation. Furthermore, dual inhibition of CDC25B and PP2A further inhibits growth of 3D organoids isolated from patient derived xenograft model of breast cancer compared to CDC25B inhibition alone. Our study identifies CDC25B as a regulator of PP2A, and uncovers a mechanism of controlling the activity of a key energy metabolism marker, AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmei Cairns
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Reynold C Ly
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Nifang Niu
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Krishna R Kalari
- Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Erin E Carlson
- Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Liewei Wang
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 507 284 5264; Fax: +1 507 284 4455;
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Martin JD, Duda DG, Jain RK. Going Beyond VEGF Pathway Inhibition for Antiangiogenic Cancer Therapy: Is Inhibition of the PP2A/B55α Complex the Answer? Circ Res 2020; 127:724-726. [PMID: 32853096 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.317720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John D Martin
- From NanoCarrier Co, Ltd, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan (J.D.M.)
| | - Dan G Duda
- the Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.G.D., R.K.J.)
| | - Rakesh K Jain
- the Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.G.D., R.K.J.)
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Subbiah S, Nam A, Garg N, Behal A, Kulkarni P, Salgia R. Small Cell Lung Cancer from Traditional to Innovative Therapeutics: Building a Comprehensive Network to Optimize Clinical and Translational Research. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082433. [PMID: 32751469 PMCID: PMC7464169 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive, complex disease with a distinct biology that contributes to its poor prognosis. Management of SCLC is still widely limited to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and research recruitment still poses a considerable challenge. Here, we review the current standard of care for SCLC and advances made in utilizing immunotherapy. We also highlight research in the development of targeted therapies and emphasize the importance of a team-based approach to make clinical advances. Building an integrative network between an academic site and community practice sites optimizes biomarker and drug target discovery for managing and treating a difficult disease like SCLC.
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Roy S, Goel R, Aggarwal S, Asthana S, Yadav AK, Awasthi A. Proteome analysis revealed the essential functions of protein phosphatase PP2A in the induction of Th9 cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10992. [PMID: 32620893 PMCID: PMC7335106 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67845-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteomic analysis identifies post-translational functions of proteins, which remains obscure in transcriptomics. Given the important functions of Th9 cells in anti-tumor immunity, we performed proteome analysis of Th9 cells to understand the involvement of proteins that might be crucial for the anti-tumor functions of Th9 cells. Here we performed a comprehensive proteomic analysis of murine Th0 and Th9 cells, and identified proteins that are enriched in Th9 cells. Pathway analysis identified an abundance of phosphoproteins in the proteome of Th9 cells as compared to Th0 cells. Among upregulated phosphoproteins, Ppp2ca (catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase, PP2A) was found to be highly enriched in Th9 cells. Although the role of PP2A has been shown to regulate the differentiation and functions of Th1, Th2, Th17 and Tregs, its role in the differentiation and functions of Th9 cells is not identified yet. Here we found that PP2A is required for the induction of Th9 cells, as PP2A inhibition leads to the suppression of IL-9 and expression of key transcription factors of Th9 cells. PP2A inhibition abrogates Th9 cell-mediated anti-tumor immune response in B16-OVA melanoma tumor model. Thus, we report that PP2A is essential for the differentiation and anti-tumor functions of Th9 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyasha Roy
- Immuno-Biology Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), 3rd Milestone Gurgaon-Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana, 121 001, India
| | - Renu Goel
- Drug Discovery Research Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Suruchi Aggarwal
- Drug Discovery Research Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Shailendra Asthana
- Drug Discovery Research Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Kumar Yadav
- Drug Discovery Research Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Amit Awasthi
- Immuno-Biology Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), 3rd Milestone Gurgaon-Faridabad Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana, 121 001, India.
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Maggio D, Ho WS, Breese R, Walbridge S, Wang H, Cui J, Heiss JD, Gilbert MR, Kovach JS, Lu RO, Zhuang Z. Inhibition of protein phosphatase-2A with LB-100 enhances antitumor immunity against glioblastoma. J Neurooncol 2020; 148:231-244. [PMID: 32342332 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-020-03517-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma (GBM) carries a dismal prognosis despite standard multimodal treatment with surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD1 blockade, for treatment of GBM failed to show clinical benefit. Rational combination strategies to overcome resistance of GBM to checkpoint monotherapy are needed to extend the promise of immunotherapy to GBM management. Emerging evidence suggests that protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) plays a critical role in the signal transduction pathways of both adaptive and innate immune cells and that inhibition of PP2A could enhance cancer immunity. We investigated the use of a PP2A inhibitor, LB-100, to enhance antitumor efficacy of PD1 blockade in a syngeneic glioma model. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were implanted with murine glioma cell line GL261-luc or GL261-WT and randomized into 4 treatment arms: (i) control, (ii) LB-100, (iii) PD1 blockade and (iv) combination. Survival was assessed and detailed profiling of tumor infiltrating leukocytes was performed. RESULTS Dual PP2A and PD1 blockade significantly improved survival compared with monotherapy alone. Combination therapy resulted in complete regression of tumors in about 25% of mice. This effect was dependent on CD4 and CD8 T cells and cured mice established antigen-specific secondary protective immunity. Analysis of tumor lymphocytes demonstrated enhanced CD8 infiltration and effector function. CONCLUSION This is the first preclinical investigation of the effect of combining PP2A inhibition with PD1 blockade for GBM. This novel combination provided effective tumor immunotherapy and long-term survival in our animal GBM model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Maggio
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Winson S Ho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78701, USA.
- University of Texas at Austin, 1601 Trinity St, Bldg. B HDB 3.214, Austin, TX, 78701, USA.
| | - Rebecca Breese
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Stuart Walbridge
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Herui Wang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jing Cui
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - John D Heiss
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - John S Kovach
- Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc., East Setauket, NY, 11733, USA
| | - Rongze O Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78701, USA.
- University of Texas at Austin, 1601 Trinity St, Bldg. B HDB 3.216, Austin, TX, 78701, USA.
| | - Zhengping Zhuang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- National Institutes of Health, BLDG 35, Rm 2B203, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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40
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Leonard D, Huang W, Izadmehr S, O'Connor CM, Wiredja DD, Wang Z, Zaware N, Chen Y, Schlatzer DM, Kiselar J, Vasireddi N, Schüchner S, Perl AL, Galsky MD, Xu W, Brautigan DL, Ogris E, Taylor DJ, Narla G. Selective PP2A Enhancement through Biased Heterotrimer Stabilization. Cell 2020; 181:688-701.e16. [PMID: 32315618 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Impairment of protein phosphatases, including the family of serine/threonine phosphatases designated PP2A, is essential for the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer. The ability of PP2A to dephosphorylate hundreds of proteins is regulated by over 40 specificity-determining regulatory "B" subunits that compete for assembly and activation of heterogeneous PP2A heterotrimers. Here, we reveal how a small molecule, DT-061, specifically stabilizes the B56α-PP2A holoenzyme in a fully assembled, active state to dephosphorylate selective substrates, such as its well-known oncogenic target, c-Myc. Our 3.6 Å structure identifies molecular interactions between DT-061 and all three PP2A subunits that prevent dissociation of the active enzyme and highlight inherent mechanisms of PP2A complex assembly. Thus, our findings provide fundamental insights into PP2A complex assembly and regulation, identify a unique interfacial stabilizing mode of action for therapeutic targeting, and aid in the development of phosphatase-based therapeutics tailored against disease specific phospho-protein targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Leonard
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Sudeh Izadmehr
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Caitlin M O'Connor
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Danica D Wiredja
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Zhizhi Wang
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Nilesh Zaware
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Yinghua Chen
- PEPCC Facility, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Daniela M Schlatzer
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Janna Kiselar
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Nikhil Vasireddi
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Stefan Schüchner
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Max Perutz Labs, Medical University of Vienna, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9/2, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Abbey L Perl
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Matthew D Galsky
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Wenqing Xu
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - David L Brautigan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, Center for Cell Signaling, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Egon Ogris
- Center for Medical Biochemistry, Max Perutz Labs, Medical University of Vienna, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9/2, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Derek J Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Goutham Narla
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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41
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The Biology of Immune-Active Cancers and Their Regulatory Mechanisms. Cancer Treat Res 2020; 180:149-172. [PMID: 32215869 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38862-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of cancer results from the evolutionary balance between the proliferating aptitude of cancer cells and the response of the host's tissues. Some cancers are characterized by genetic instability dependent upon impaired DNA repair mechanisms that lead to the chaotic disruption of multiple cellular functions often in excess of the cancer survival needs and may exert broad effects on surrounding tissues, some beneficial and some detrimental to cancer growth. Among them, inflammatory processes that accompany wound healing may initiate a reaction of the host against the neo-formation. This is possibly triggered by the release by dying cancer cells of molecules known as Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) following a process termed Immunogenic Cell Death (ICD) that initiates an immune response through innate and adaptive mechanisms. Indeed, analysis of large cancer data sets has shown that ICD is strictly associated with the activation of other immune effector or immune-regulatory pathways. Here, we will describe how immune activation and compensatory immune-regulatory mechanisms balance anti-cancer immune surveillance and the roles that innate and adaptive immunity play including the weight that neo-epitopes may exert as initiators and sculptors of high-affinity memory and effector immune responses against cancer. We will discuss the evolutionary basis for the existence of immune checkpoints and how several theories raised to explain cancer resistance to immunotherapy represent a facet of a similar evolutionary phenomenon that we described in the Theory of Everything. We will show how the biology of immunogenicity and counterbalancing immune regulation is widespread across cancers independent of their ontogenesis while subtle idiosyncratic differences are discernible among them. Finally, we will suggest that overcoming immune resistance implies distinct approaches relevant to the immune context of individual cancers.
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42
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Lai D, Chen M, Su J, Liu X, Rothe K, Hu K, Forrest DL, Eaves CJ, Morin GB, Jiang X. Response to Comment on "PP2A inhibition sensitizes cancer stem cells to ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors in BCR-ABL + human leukemia". Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/501/eaav0819. [PMID: 31316004 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav0819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
LB100 sensitizes resistant chronic phase CML stem and progenitor cells to TKIs and spares healthy bone marrow cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Lai
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Min Chen
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Jiechuang Su
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Xiaohu Liu
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Katharina Rothe
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Kaiji Hu
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Donna L Forrest
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.,Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Connie J Eaves
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Gregg B Morin
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada.,Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
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43
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Galluzzi L, Vitale I, Warren S, Adjemian S, Agostinis P, Martinez AB, Chan TA, Coukos G, Demaria S, Deutsch E, Draganov D, Edelson RL, Formenti SC, Fucikova J, Gabriele L, Gaipl US, Gameiro SR, Garg AD, Golden E, Han J, Harrington KJ, Hemminki A, Hodge JW, Hossain DMS, Illidge T, Karin M, Kaufman HL, Kepp O, Kroemer G, Lasarte JJ, Loi S, Lotze MT, Manic G, Merghoub T, Melcher AA, Mossman KL, Prosper F, Rekdal Ø, Rescigno M, Riganti C, Sistigu A, Smyth MJ, Spisek R, Stagg J, Strauss BE, Tang D, Tatsuno K, van Gool SW, Vandenabeele P, Yamazaki T, Zamarin D, Zitvogel L, Cesano A, Marincola FM. Consensus guidelines for the definition, detection and interpretation of immunogenic cell death. J Immunother Cancer 2020; 8:e000337. [PMID: 32209603 PMCID: PMC7064135 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2019-000337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 569] [Impact Index Per Article: 142.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells succumbing to stress via regulated cell death (RCD) can initiate an adaptive immune response associated with immunological memory, provided they display sufficient antigenicity and adjuvanticity. Moreover, multiple intracellular and microenvironmental features determine the propensity of RCD to drive adaptive immunity. Here, we provide an updated operational definition of immunogenic cell death (ICD), discuss the key factors that dictate the ability of dying cells to drive an adaptive immune response, summarize experimental assays that are currently available for the assessment of ICD in vitro and in vivo, and formulate guidelines for their interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ilio Vitale
- IIGM - Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, c/o IRCSS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Sarah Warren
- NanoString Technologies, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sandy Adjemian
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology (DBMB), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, KU Leuevn, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aitziber Buqué Martinez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Timothy A Chan
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA
- Immunogenomics and Precision Oncology Platform, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - George Coukos
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Demaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Eric Deutsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- INSERM "Molecular Radiotherapy and therapeutic innovation", U1030 Molecular Radiotherapy, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- SIRIC SOCRATES, DHU Torino, Faculté de Medecine, Université Paris-Saclay, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | | | - Richard L Edelson
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Silvia C Formenti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jitka Fucikova
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
- Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Gabriele
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Udo S Gaipl
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sofia R Gameiro
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Encouse Golden
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jian Han
- iRepertoire, Inc, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Kevin J Harrington
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- The Royal Marsden Hospital/Institute of Cancer Research National Institute for Health Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Akseli Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - James W Hodge
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, National Cancer Institute/Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Tim Illidge
- University of Manchester, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Christie Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael Karin
- Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, University of California at San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Howard L Kaufman
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Replimune, Inc, Woburn, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Juan Jose Lasarte
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sherene Loi
- Division of Research and Clinical Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael T Lotze
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gwenola Manic
- IIGM - Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, c/o IRCSS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Taha Merghoub
- Ludwig Collaborative and Swim Across America Laboratory, MSKCC, New York City, New York, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, MSKCC, New York City, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Felipe Prosper
- Hematology and Cell Therapy, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Øystein Rekdal
- Lytix Biopharma, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Maria Rescigno
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center of Molecular Biotechnology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Antonella Sistigu
- UOSD Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- Istituto di Patologia Generale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Mark J Smyth
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Radek Spisek
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
- Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - John Stagg
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Quebec City, Canada
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec City, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Bryan E Strauss
- Centro de Investigação Translacional em Oncologia/LIM24, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Daolin Tang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Kazuki Tatsuno
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Peter Vandenabeele
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research (IRC), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology (DBMB), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Methusalem program, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Takahiro Yamazaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Dmitriy Zamarin
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Sud/Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- INSERM U1015, Villejuif, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France
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44
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Grimaldi A, Cammarata I, Martire C, Focaccetti C, Piconese S, Buccilli M, Mancone C, Buzzacchino F, Berrios JRG, D'Alessandris N, Tomao S, Giangaspero F, Paroli M, Caccavale R, Spinelli GP, Girelli G, Peruzzi G, Nisticò P, Spada S, Panetta M, Letizia Cecere F, Visca P, Facciolo F, Longo F, Barnaba V. Combination of chemotherapy and PD-1 blockade induces T cell responses to tumor non-mutated neoantigens. Commun Biol 2020; 3:85. [PMID: 32099064 PMCID: PMC7042341 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0811-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we developed an unbiased, functional target-discovery platform to identify immunogenic proteins from primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells that had been induced to apoptosis by cisplatin (CDDP) treatment in vitro, as compared with their live counterparts. Among the multitude of proteins identified, some of them were represented as fragmented proteins in apoptotic tumor cells, and acted as non-mutated neoantigens (NM-neoAgs). Indeed, only the fragmented proteins elicited effective multi-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses, upon a chemotherapy protocol including CDDP. Importantly, these responses further increased upon anti-PD-1 therapy, and correlated with patients' survival and decreased PD-1 expression. Cross-presentation assays showed that NM-neoAgs were unveiled in apoptotic tumor cells as the result of caspase-dependent proteolytic activity of cellular proteins. Our study demonstrates that apoptotic tumor cells generate a repertoire of immunogenic NM-neoAgs that could be potentially used for developing effective T cell-based immunotherapy across multiple cancer patients.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Antigen Presentation/drug effects
- Antigen Presentation/immunology
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antigens, Neoplasm/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/immunology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/therapy
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cisplatin/administration & dosage
- Cisplatin/pharmacology
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor/methods
- Female
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular/drug effects
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Lung Neoplasms/immunology
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/therapy
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Grimaldi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilenia Cammarata
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Martire
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Focaccetti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Piconese
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Buccilli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Mancone
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Buzzacchino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Oncologiche e Anatomo Patologiche, Oncologia Medica, Università di Roma, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Julio Rodrigo Giron Berrios
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Oncologiche e Anatomo Patologiche, Oncologia Medica, Università di Roma, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta D'Alessandris
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silverio Tomao
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Oncologiche e Anatomo Patologiche, Oncologia Medica, Università di Roma, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Felice Giangaspero
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Marino Paroli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Biotecnologie Medico-Chirurgiche, Sapienza Università di Roma - Polo Pontino, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Rosalba Caccavale
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Biotecnologie Medico-Chirurgiche, Sapienza Università di Roma - Polo Pontino, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Spinelli
- UOC Oncologia Universitaria, ASL Latina (distretto Aprilia), Sapienza Università di Roma, Via Giustiniano snc, 04011, Aprilia, Latina, Italy
| | - Gabriella Girelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Peruzzi
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Nisticò
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sheila Spada
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Panetta
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Visca
- Unit of Pathology, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Facciolo
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Longo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Oncologiche e Anatomo Patologiche, Oncologia Medica, Università di Roma, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Barnaba
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161, Rome, Italy.
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161, Rome, Italy.
- Istituto Pasteur - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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45
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Zhang Q, Tian X, Cao X. Transferrin-functionalised microemulsion co-delivery of β-elemene and celastrol for enhanced anti-lung cancer treatment and reduced systemic toxicity. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 9:667-678. [PMID: 30798476 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-019-00623-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed an intravenously injectable, transferrin-functionalised microemulsion that simultaneously carries β-elemene and celastrol (called Tf-EC-MEs) for enhanced anti-lung cancer treatment and reduced systemic toxicity. These dual-drug-loaded Tf-EC-MEs not only displayed synergistic antiproliferative effects on cultured cells in vitro, but also showed enhanced efficacy in vivo via active tumour targeting. In preparatory experiments, we found that β-elemene was capable of being used as oil phase, which enhanced drug-loading efficiency and allowed the mass ratio of β-elemene and celastrol to be optimised. In cellular studies, Tf-EC-MEs exhibited significantly improved A549 cellular uptake compared with β-elemene+celastrol (conventional combination treatment) and EC-MEs (non-active targeted treatment), demonstrating remarkable synergistic antiproliferative effects and higher rates of cell apoptosis. In A549-bearing xenograft mouse tumour models, Tf-EC-MEs exhibited enhanced antitumour activity compared to all other treatments. More importantly, Tf-EC-MEs did not cause the obvious systemic toxicity commonly found with mono-celastrol treatment. Collectively, these findings suggest that Tf-EC-MEs are a promising strategy for the combination drug treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- The Affiliated Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
- The Affiliated Nanjing Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changle road 68, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Tian
- Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710003, People's Republic of China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiufeng Cao
- The Affiliated Nanjing Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changle road 68, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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46
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Cui J, Wang H, Medina R, Zhang Q, Xu C, Indig IH, Zhou J, Song Q, Dmitriev P, Sun MY, Guo L, Wang Y, Rosenblum JS, Kovach JS, Gilbert MR, Zhuang Z. Inhibition of PP2A with LB-100 Enhances Efficacy of CAR-T Cell Therapy Against Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010139. [PMID: 31935881 PMCID: PMC7017120 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells represent a promising modality for treating glioblastoma. Recently, we demonstrated that CAR-T cells targeting carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), a protein involved in HIF-1a hypoxic signaling, is a promising CAR-T cell target in an intracranial murine glioblastoma model. Anti-CAIX CAR-T cell therapy is limited by its suboptimal activation within the tumor microenvironment. LB-100, a small molecular inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), has been shown to enhance T cell anti-tumor activity through activation of the mTOR signaling pathway. Herein, we investigated if a treatment strategy consisting of a combination of LB-100 and anti-CAIX CAR-T cell therapy produced a synergistic anti-tumor effect. Our studies demonstrate that LB-100 enhanced anti-CAIX CAR-T cell treatment efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Our findings demonstrate the role of LB-100 in augmenting the cytotoxic activity of anti-CAIX CAR-T cells and underscore the synergistic therapeutic potential of applying combination LB-100 and CAR-T Cell therapy to other solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cui
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Herui Wang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rogelio Medina
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Qi Zhang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Chen Xu
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Iris H. Indig
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jingcheng Zhou
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Qi Song
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Pauline Dmitriev
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mitchell Y. Sun
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Liemei Guo
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yang Wang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jared S. Rosenblum
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John S. Kovach
- Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc., East Setauket, NY 11733, USA
| | - Mark R. Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Zhengping Zhuang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Surgical Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-240-760-7055
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Grapin M, Richard C, Limagne E, Boidot R, Morgand V, Bertaut A, Derangere V, Laurent PA, Thibaudin M, Fumet JD, Crehange G, Ghiringhelli F, Mirjolet C. Optimized fractionated radiotherapy with anti-PD-L1 and anti-TIGIT: a promising new combination. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:160. [PMID: 31238970 PMCID: PMC6593525 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0634-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE Radiotherapy (RT) induces an immunogenic antitumor response, but also some immunosuppressive barriers. It remains unclear how different fractionation protocols can modulate the immune microenvironment. Clinical studies are ongoing to evaluate immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in association with RT. However, only few trials aim to optimize the RT fractionation to improve efficacy of these associations. Here we sought to characterize the effect of different fractionation protocols on immune response with a view to associating them with ICI. MATERIALS/METHODS Mice bearing subcutaneous CT26 colon tumors were irradiated using a SARRP device according to different radiation schemes with a same biologically effective dose. Mice were monitored for tumor growth. The radiation immune response (lymphoid, myeloid cells, lymphoid cytokines and immune checkpoint targets) was monitored by flow cytometry at different timepoints after treatment and by RNA sequencing analysis (RNAseq). The same radiation protocols were performed with and without inhibitors of immune checkpoints modulated by RT. RESULTS In the absence of ICI, we showed that 18x2Gy and 3x8Gy induced the longest tumor growth delay compared to 1×16.4Gy. While 3x8Gy and 1×16.4Gy induced a lymphoid response (CD8+ T-cells, Regulators T-cells), 18x2Gy induced a myeloid response (myeloid-derived suppressor cells, tumor-associated macrophages 2). The secretion of granzyme B by CD8+ T cells was increased to a greater extent with 3x8Gy. The expression of PD-L1 by tumor cells was moderately increased by RT, but most durably with 18x2Gy. T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT) expression by CD8+ T-cells was increased with 3x8Gy, but decreased with 18x2Gy. These results were also observed with RNAseq. RT was dramatically more effective with 3x8Gy compared to all the other treatments schemes when associated with anti-TIGIT and anti-PD-L1 (9/10 mice in complete response). The association of anti-PD-L1 and RT was also effective in the 18x2Gy group (8/12 mice in complete response). CONCLUSION Each fractionation scheme induced different lymphoid and myeloid responses as well as various modulations of PD-L1 and TIGIT expression. Furthermore, 3x8Gy was the most effective protocol when associated with anti-PD-L1 and anti-TIGIT. This is the first study combining RT and anti-TIGIT with promising results; further studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Grapin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Unicancer - Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, 1 rue Professeur Marion 77 980, 21079, Dijon Cedex, BP, France
| | - Corentin Richard
- Cancer Biology Research Platform, Unicancer - Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - Emeric Limagne
- Cancer Biology Research Platform, Unicancer - Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - Romain Boidot
- Cancer Biology Research Platform, Unicancer - Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR 1231, Dijon, France
| | - Véronique Morgand
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Unicancer - Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, 1 rue Professeur Marion 77 980, 21079, Dijon Cedex, BP, France
| | - Aurélie Bertaut
- Methodology, data-management and biostatistics unit, Unicancer - Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center , Dijon, France
| | - Valentin Derangere
- Cancer Biology Research Platform, Unicancer - Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre-Antoine Laurent
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Unicancer - Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, 1 rue Professeur Marion 77 980, 21079, Dijon Cedex, BP, France
| | - Marion Thibaudin
- Cancer Biology Research Platform, Unicancer - Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - Jean David Fumet
- Cancer Biology Research Platform, Unicancer - Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France.,Methodology, data-management and biostatistics unit, Unicancer - Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center , Dijon, France
| | - Gilles Crehange
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Unicancer - Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, 1 rue Professeur Marion 77 980, 21079, Dijon Cedex, BP, France
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- Cancer Biology Research Platform, Unicancer - Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France.,INSERM UMR 1231, Dijon, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, Unicancer - Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France
| | - Céline Mirjolet
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Unicancer - Georges-Francois Leclerc Cancer Center, 1 rue Professeur Marion 77 980, 21079, Dijon Cedex, BP, France. .,INSERM UMR 1231, Dijon, France.
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Remmerie M, Janssens V. PP2A: A Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Endometrial Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:462. [PMID: 31214504 PMCID: PMC6558005 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, the use of targeted therapies has immensely increased in the treatment of cancer. However, treatment for endometrial carcinomas (ECs) has lagged behind, although potential molecular markers have been identified. This is particularly problematic for the type II ECs, since these aggressive tumors are usually not responsive toward the current standard therapies. Therefore, type II ECs are responsible for most EC-related deaths, indicating the need for new treatment options. Interestingly, molecular analyses of type II ECs have uncovered frequent genetic alterations (up to 40%) in PPP2R1A, encoding the Aα subunit of the tumor suppressive heterotrimeric protein phosphatase type 2A (PP2A). PPP2R1A mutations were also reported in type I ECs and other common gynecologic cancers, albeit at much lower frequencies (0-7%). Nevertheless, PP2A inactivation in the latter cancer types is common via other mechanisms, in particular by increased expression of Cancerous Inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) and PP2A Methylesterase-1 (PME-1) proteins. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic potential of direct and indirect PP2A targeting compounds, possibly in combination with other anti-cancer drugs, in EC. Furthermore, we investigate the potential of the PP2A status as a predictive and/or prognostic marker for type I and II ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Veerle Janssens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Fowle H, Zhao Z, Graña X. PP2A holoenzymes, substrate specificity driving cellular functions and deregulation in cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2019; 144:55-93. [PMID: 31349904 PMCID: PMC9994639 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PP2A is a highly conserved eukaryotic serine/threonine protein phosphatase of the PPP family of phosphatases with fundamental cellular functions. In cells, PP2A targets specific subcellular locations and substrates by forming heterotrimeric holoenzymes, where a core dimer consisting of scaffold (A) and catalytic (C) subunits complexes with one of many B regulatory subunits. PP2A plays a key role in positively and negatively regulating a myriad of cellular processes, as it targets a very sizable fraction of the cellular substrates phosphorylated on Ser/Thr residues. This review focuses on insights made toward the understanding on how the subunit composition and structure of PP2A holoenzymes mediates substrate specificity, the role of substrate modulation in the signaling of cellular division, growth, and differentiation, and its deregulation in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Fowle
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology and Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ziran Zhao
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology and Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xavier Graña
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology and Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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50
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Liu J, Jiang M, Li Z, Zhang X, Li X, Hao Y, Su X, Zhu J, Zheng C, Xiao W, Wang Y. A Novel Systems Pharmacology Method to Investigate Molecular Mechanisms of Scutellaria barbata D. Don for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1473. [PMID: 30618763 PMCID: PMC6304355 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most ordinary type of lung cancer which leads to 1/3 of all cancer deaths. At present, cytotoxic chemotherapy, surgical resection, radiation, and photodynamic therapy are the main strategies for NSCLC treatment. However, NSCLC is relatively resistant to the above therapeutic strategies, resulting in a rather low (20%) 5-year survival rate. Therefore, there is imperative to identify or develop efficient lead compounds for the treatment of NSCLC. Here, we report that the herb Scutellaria barbata D. Don (SBD) can effectively treat NSCLC by anti-inflammatory, promoting apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and angiogenesis. In this work, we analyze the molecular mechanism of SBD for NSCLC treatment by applying the systems pharmacology strategy. This method combines pharmacokinetics analysis with pharmacodynamics evaluation to screen out the active compounds, predict the targets and assess the networks and pathways. Results show that 33 compounds were identified with potential anti-cancer effects. Utilizing these active compounds as probes, we predicted that 145 NSCLC related targets mainly involved four aspects: apoptosis, inflammation, cell cycle, and angiogenesis. And in vitro experiments were managed to evaluate the reliability of some vital active compounds and targets. Overall, a complete overview of the integrated systems pharmacology method provides a precise probe to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of SBD for NSCLC. Moreover, baicalein from SBD effectively inhibited tumor growth in an LLC tumor-bearing mice models, demonstrating the anti-tumor effects of SBD. Our findings further provided experimental evidence for the application in the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - XiaoGang Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xing Su
- Pharmacology Department, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jinglin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chunli Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical, Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
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