1
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Zhao X, Miao X. Surface-supported metal-organic frameworks with geometric topological diversity via scanning tunneling microscopy. iScience 2024; 27:109392. [PMID: 38500826 PMCID: PMC10946334 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Surface-supported metal-organic frameworks (SMOFs) are long-range ordered periodic 2D lattice layers formed by inorganic metal nodes and organic ligands via coordination bonds on substrate surfaces. The atomic resolution STM lays a solid foundation for the conception and construction of SMOFs with large area, stable structure, and special function. In this review, the cutting-edge research of SMOFs from design strategy, preparation process, and how to accurately achieve structural and functional diversity are reviewed. Furthermore, we focus on the design and construction of novel and fascinating periodic and fractal structures, in which some typical honeycomb structures, Kagome lattice, hexagonal geometry, and Sierpiński triangles are summarized, and the related prospects for designing functional nanoscale systems and architectures are prospected. Finally, the challenges faced in the design and synthesis of SMOFs are denoted, and the application prospect and development trend of SMOFs are forecasted based on the current research status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinrui Miao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Kinikar A, Wang XY, Di Giovannantonio M, Urgel JI, Liu P, Eimre K, Pignedoli CA, Stolz S, Bommert M, Mishra S, Sun Q, Widmer R, Qiu Z, Narita A, Müllen K, Ruffieux P, Fasel R. Sterically Selective [3 + 3] Cycloaromatization in the On-Surface Synthesis of Nanographenes. ACS NANOSCIENCE AU 2024; 4:128-135. [PMID: 38644965 PMCID: PMC11027121 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.3c00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Surface-catalyzed reactions have been used to synthesize carbon nanomaterials with atomically predefined structures. The recent discovery of a gold surface-catalyzed [3 + 3] cycloaromatization of isopropyl substituted arenes has enabled the on-surface synthesis of arylene-phenylene copolymers, where the surface activates the isopropyl substituents to form phenylene rings by intermolecular coupling. However, the resulting polymers suffered from undesired cross-linking when more than two molecules reacted at a single site. Here we show that such cross-links can be prevented through steric protection by attaching the isopropyl groups to larger arene cores. Upon thermal activation of isopropyl-substituted 8,9-dioxa-8a-borabenzo[fg]tetracene on Au(111), cycloaromatization is observed to occur exclusively between the two molecules. The cycloaromatization intermediate formed by the covalent linking of two molecules is prevented from reacting with further molecules by the wide benzotetracene core, resulting in highly selective one-to-one coupling. Our findings extend the versatility of the [3 + 3] cycloaromatization of isopropyl substituents and point toward steric protection as a powerful concept for suppressing competing reaction pathways in on-surface synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amogh Kinikar
- Empa, Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Xiao-Ye Wang
- Max Planck
Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- State
Key
Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Marco Di Giovannantonio
- Empa, Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - José I. Urgel
- Empa, Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Pengcai Liu
- State
Key
Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Kristjan Eimre
- Empa, Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Carlo A. Pignedoli
- Empa, Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Stolz
- Empa, Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute
of Condensed Matter Physics, Station 3, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Max Bommert
- Empa, Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Shantanu Mishra
- Empa, Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Qiang Sun
- Empa, Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Roland Widmer
- Empa, Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Zijie Qiu
- Max Planck
Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck
Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck
Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität
Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Pascal Ruffieux
- Empa, Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Roman Fasel
- Empa, Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Department
of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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3
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Sun K, Sugawara K, Lyalin A, Ishigaki Y, Uosaki K, Custance O, Taketsugu T, Suzuki T, Kawai S. On-Surface Synthesis of Multiple Cu Atom-Bridged Organometallic Oligomers. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 38047624 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
A metal-metal bond between coordination complexes has the nature of a covalent bond in hydrocarbons. While bimetallic and trimetallic compounds usually have three-dimensional structures in solution, the high directionality and robustness of the bond can be applied for on-surface syntheses. Here, we present a systematic formation of complex organometallic oligomers on Cu(111) through sequential ring opening of 11,11,12,12-tetraphenyl-1,4,5,8-tetraazaanthraquinodimethane and bonding of phenanthroline derivatives by multiple Cu atoms. A detailed characterization with a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory calculations revealed the role of the Cu adatoms in both enantiomers of the chiral oligomers. Furthermore, we found sufficient strength of the bonds against sliding friction by manipulating the oligomers up to a hexamer. This finding may help to increase the variety of organometallic nanostructures on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Sun
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
- International Center for Young Scientists, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sugawara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Andrey Lyalin
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Global Research Center for Environment and Energy based on Nanomaterials Science, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ishigaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Kohei Uosaki
- Global Research Center for Environment and Energy based on Nanomaterials Science, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Oscar Custance
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Taketsugu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kawai
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
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4
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Zheng F, Lu J, Zhu Z, Jiang H, Yan Y, He Y, Yuan S, Sun Q. Predicting Molecular Self-Assembly on Metal Surfaces Using Graph Neural Networks Based on Experimental Data Sets. ACS NANO 2023; 17:17545-17553. [PMID: 37611029 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The application of supramolecular chemistry on solid surfaces has received extensive attention in the past few decades. To date, combining experiments with quantum mechanical or molecular dynamic methods represents the key strategy to explore the molecular self-assembled structures, which is, however, often laborious. Recently, machine learning (ML) has become one of the most exciting tools in material research, allowing for both efficiency and accuracy in predicting molecular properties. In this work, we constructed a graph neural network to predict the self-assembly of functional polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on metal surfaces. Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we characterized the self-assembled nanostructures of a homologous series of PAH molecules on different metal surfaces to construct an experimental data set for model training. Compared with traditional ML algorithms, our model exhibits better predictive performance. Finally, the generalization of the model is further verified by comparing the ML predictions and experimental results of different functionalized molecule. Our results demonstrate training experimental data sets to produce a predictive ML model of molecular self-assembly with generalization performance, which allows for the predictive design of nanostructures with functional molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengru Zheng
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Lu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyi Yan
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Yu He
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoxuan Yuan
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
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5
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Omar S, Irran E, Wiedemann D, Baabe D, Grohmann A. Sterically crowded di-indazolyl-pyridines: Iron(II) complexation studies. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2023-0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
4-(2,6-Di(2H-indazol-2-yl)pyridin-4-yl)benzoic acid (1) and 10-(2,6-di(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridin-4-yl)anthracene-9-carboxylic acid (2) were required for adsorption studies on Ag(111), with a view to subsequent iron(II) complexation and formation of well-ordered spin-responsive self-assembled monolayers. While the generation of these compounds has remained elusive, several intermediates and by-products were obtained, potentially useful as dipyrazolylpyridine-related derivatives and for metal ion coordination. 3,5-Dichloro-2,6-diindazolylpyridine-4-amine, which forms as a mixture of regioisomers, was synthesised, the mixture separated, and the components characterised (3,5-dichloro-2,6-di(2H-indazol-2-yl)pyridin-4-amine; 3,5-dichloro-2-(1H-indazol-1-yl)-6-(2H-indazol-2-yl)pyridin-4-amine; 3,5-dichloro-2,6-di(1H-indazol-1-yl)pyridin-4-amine). Their iron(II) complexes have been prepared and fully characterised, including single crystal X-ray structure determination. The complexes are instructive examples of the influence of ligand design (“steric jamming”) on the spin-crossover (SCO) activity of FeII centres. Bulky substitution, which entails twisted ligand conformation, increases intramolecular crowding. This prevents contraction of the metal coordination sphere, which would be a prerequisite for thermally inducible SCO. Mössbauer spectroscopy has revealed that the complexes remain predominantly high-spin (HS) between 20 and 200 K, and that a mixture of conformational HS isomers is present in the microcrystalline solid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhad Omar
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin , Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Elisabeth Irran
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin , Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Dennis Wiedemann
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin , Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin , Germany
- GfBU-Consult Gesellschaft für Umwelt- und Managementberatung mbH , Mahlsdorfer Straße 61b, 15366 Hoppegarten , Germany
| | - Dirk Baabe
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Andreas Grohmann
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin , Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin , Germany
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6
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Small molecule binding to surface-supported single-site transition-metal reaction centres. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7407. [PMID: 36456555 PMCID: PMC9715722 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite dominating industrial processes, heterogeneous catalysts remain challenging to characterize and control. This is largely attributable to the diversity of potentially active sites at the catalyst-reactant interface and the complex behaviour that can arise from interactions between active sites. Surface-supported, single-site molecular catalysts aim to bring together benefits of both heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts, offering easy separability while exploiting molecular design of reactivity, though the presence of a surface is likely to influence reaction mechanisms. Here, we use metal-organic coordination to build reactive Fe-terpyridine sites on the Ag(111) surface and study their activity towards CO and C2H4 gaseous reactants using low-temperature ultrahigh-vacuum scanning tunnelling microscopy, scanning tunnelling spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy supported by density-functional theory models. Using a site-by-site approach at low temperature to visualize the reaction pathway, we find that reactants bond to the Fe-tpy active sites via surface-bound intermediates, and investigate the role of the substrate in understanding and designing single-site catalysts on metallic supports.
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7
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Wang Z, Hu R, Zhu R, Lu W, Wei G, Zhao J, Gu ZY, Zhao Q. Metal-Organic Cage as Single-Molecule Carrier for Solid-State Nanopore Analysis. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200743. [PMID: 36216776 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The ability to detect biomolecules at the single-molecule level is at the forefront of biological research, precision medicine, and early diagnosis. Recently, solid-state nanopore sensors have emerged as a promising technique for label-free and precise diagnosis assay. However, insufficient sensitivity and selectivity for small analytes are a great challenge for clinical diagnosis applications via solid-state nanopores. Here, for the first time, a metal-organic cage, PCC-57, is employed as a carrier to increase the sensitivity and selectivity of solid-state nanopores based on the intrinsic interaction of the nanocage with biomolecules. Firstly, it is found that the carrier itself is undetectable unless bound with the target analytes and used oligonucleotides as linkers to attach PCC-57 and target analytes. Secondly, two small analytes, oligonucleotide conjugated angiopep-2 and polyphosphoric acid, are successfully distinguished using the molecular carrier. Finally, selectivity of nanopore detection is achieved by attaching PCC-57 to oligonucleotide-tailed aptamers, and the human alpha-thrombin sample is successfully detected. It is believed that the highly designable metal-organic cage could serve as a rich carrier repository for a variety of biomolecules, facilitating single-molecule screening of clinically relevant biomolecules based on solid-state nanopores in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Wang
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Rui Hu
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wenlong Lu
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Guanghao Wei
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Gu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- State Key Lab for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226010, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100084, China
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8
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Schulze Lammers B, López-Salas N, Stein Siena J, Mirhosseini H, Yesilpinar D, Heske J, Kühne TD, Fuchs H, Antonietti M, Mönig H. Real-Space Identification of Non-Noble Single Atomic Catalytic Sites within Metal-Coordinated Supramolecular Networks. ACS NANO 2022; 16:14284-14296. [PMID: 36053675 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With regard to the development of single atom catalysts (SACs), non-noble metal-organic layers combine a large functional variability with cost efficiency. Here, we characterize reacted layers of melamine and melem molecules on a Cu(111) surface by noncontact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ab initio simulations. Upon deposition on the substrate and subsequent heat treatments in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV), these precursors undergo a stepwise dehydrogenation. After full dehydrogenation of the amino groups, the molecular units lie flat and are strongly chemisorbed on the copper substrate. We observe a particularly extreme interaction of the dehydrogenated nitrogen atoms with single copper atoms located at intermolecular sites. In agreement with the nc-AFM measurements performed with an O-terminated copper tip on these triazine- and heptazine-based copper nitride structures, our ab initio simulations confirm a pronounced interaction of oxygen species at these N-Cu-N sites. To investigate the related functional properties of our samples regarding the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), we developed an electrochemical setup for cyclic voltammetry experiments performed at ambient pressure within a drop of electrolyte in a controlled O2 or N2 environment. Both copper nitride structures show a robust activity in irreversibly catalyzing the reduction of oxygen. The activity is assigned to the intermolecular N-Cu-N sites of the triazine- and heptazine-based copper nitrides or corresponding oxygenated versions (N-CuO-N, N-CuO2-N). By combining nc-AFM characterization on the atomic scale with a direct electrochemical proof of performance, our work provides fundamental insights about active sites in a technologically highly relevant reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertram Schulze Lammers
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nieves López-Salas
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Julya Stein Siena
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Hossein Mirhosseini
- Dynamics of Condensed Matter and Center for Sustainable Systems Design, Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Damla Yesilpinar
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Julian Heske
- Dynamics of Condensed Matter and Center for Sustainable Systems Design, Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Thomas D Kühne
- Dynamics of Condensed Matter and Center for Sustainable Systems Design, Chair of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Paderborn, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Harry Mönig
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
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9
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Lu J, Jiang H, Yan Y, Zhu Z, Zheng F, Sun Q. High-Throughput Preparation of Supramolecular Nanostructures on Metal Surfaces. ACS NANO 2022; 16:13160-13167. [PMID: 35862580 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
One of the contemporary challenges in materials science lies in the rapid materials screening and discovery. Experimental sample libraries can be generated by high-throughput parallel synthesis to map the composition space for rapid material discoveries. Molecular self-assembly on surfaces has proved a useful way to construct nanostructures with interesting topologies or properties. Despite the strong dependence of molecular stoichiometry on the structures, high-throughput preparations of supramolecular surface nanostructures have been far less explored. Here, by integrating a physical mask into the standard ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) molecular preparation system we show a high-throughput approach for preparing supramolecular nanostructures of continuous composition spreads on metal surfaces. The spatially addressable sample libraries of supramolecular self-assemblies are characterized by high-resolution scanning probe microscopy. We could explore different binary nanostructures of varying molecular ratios on one single substrate. Moreover, we use the minimum spanning tree approach to qualitatively and quantitatively study the structural properties of the formed nanostructures. This high-throughput approach may accelerate the screening and exploration of surface-supported, low-dimensional nanostructures not limited to supramolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Lu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyi Yan
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhu
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Fengru Zheng
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
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10
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Li D, Zhu Y, Li S, Shu C, Liu P. Post‐Functionalization of Supramolecular Polymers on Surface and the Chiral Assembly‐Induced Enantioselective Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deng‐Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Ya‐Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Shi‐Wen Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Chen‐Hui Shu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Pei‐Nian Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science & Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China
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11
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Li DY, Zhu YC, Li SW, Shu CH, Liu PN. Post-Functionalization of Supramolecular Polymers on Surface and the Chiral Assembly-Induced Enantioselective Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11370-11377. [PMID: 33630356 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Although post-functionalization is extensively used to introduce diverse functional groups into supramolecular polymers (SPs) in solution, post-functionalization of SPs on surfaces still remains unexplored. Here we achieved the on-surface post-functionalization of two SPs derived from 5,10,15-tri-(4-pyridyl)-20-bromophenyl porphyrin (Br-TPyP) via cross-coupling reactions on Au(111). The ladder-shaped, Cu-coordinated SPs preformed from Br-TPyP were functionalized through Heck reaction with 4-vinyl-1,1'-biphenyl. In the absence of Cu, Br-TPyP formed chiral SPs as two enantiomers via self-assembly, which were functionalized via divergent cross-coupling reaction with 4-isocyano-1,1'-biphenyl (ICBP). Surprisingly, this reaction was discovered as an enantioselective on-surface reaction induced by the chirality of SPs. Mechanistic analysis and DFT calculations indicated that after debromination of Br-TPyP and the first addition of ICBP, only one attack direction of ICBP to the chiral SP intermediate is permissive in the second addition step due to the steric hindrance, which guaranteed the high enantioselectivity of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ya-Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Shi-Wen Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Chen-Hui Shu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Pei-Nian Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
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12
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Liu X, Du Y, Peng X, Wan X, Qian Y, Zhang Y, Ji Q, Kan E, Fuchs H, Kong H. Modulation on the Iron Centers by Selective Synthesis of Organic Ligands with Stereo-Specific Conformations. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2008036. [PMID: 33797192 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202008036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Advanced fabrication of surface metal-organic complexes with specific coordination configuration and metal centers will facilitate to exploit novel nanomaterials with attractive electronic/magnetic properties. The precise on-surface synthesis provides an appealing strategy for in situ construction of complex organic ligands from simple precursors autonomously. In this paper, distinct organic ligands with stereo-specific conformation are separately synthesized through the well-known dehalogenative coupling. More interestingly, the exo-bent ligands promote the mono-iron chelated complexes with the Fe center significantly decoupled from the surface and of high spin, while the endo-bent ligands lead to bi-iron chelated ones instead with ferromagnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbang Liu
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Yongping Du
- Department of Applied Physics and Institution of Energy and Microstructure, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Xinchen Peng
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Xinling Wan
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Yinyue Qian
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Yonghao Zhang
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Qingmin Ji
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Erjun Kan
- Department of Applied Physics and Institution of Energy and Microstructure, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
- Physikalisches Institute, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), Heisenbergstrasse 11, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Huihui Kong
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China
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13
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Liu J, Li J, Xu Z, Zhou X, Xue Q, Wu T, Zhong M, Li R, Sun R, Shen Z, Tang H, Gao S, Wang B, Hou S, Wang Y. On-surface preparation of coordinated lanthanide-transition-metal clusters. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1619. [PMID: 33712614 PMCID: PMC7954866 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21911-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of lanthanide (Ln)-transition-metal (TM) heterometallic clusters which play key roles in various high-tech applications is a rapid growing field of research. Despite the achievement of numerous Ln-TM cluster compounds comprising one Ln atom, the synthesis of Ln-TM clusters containing multiple Ln atoms remains challenging. Here, we present the preparation and self-assembly of a series of Au-bridged heterometallic clusters containing multiple cerium (Ce) atoms via on-surface coordination. By employing different pyridine and nitrile ligands, the ordered coordination assemblies of clusters containing 2, 3 and 4 Ce atoms bridged by Au adatoms are achieved on Au(111) and Au(100), as revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy. Density functional theory calculations uncover the indispensable role of the bridging Au adatoms in constructing the multi-Ce-containing clusters by connecting the Ce atoms via unsupported Ce-Au bonds. These findings demonstrate on-surface coordination as an efficient strategy for preparation and organization of the multi-Ln-containing heterometallic clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Division of Quantum State of Matter, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Information Technology Institute (Tianjin Binhai), Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiong Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Xue
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianhao Wu
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingjun Zhong
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoning Li
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyong Shen
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Tang
- CEMES, UPR CNRS 8011, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Song Gao
- Division of Quantum State of Matter, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Spin Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingwu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shimin Hou
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Information Technology Institute (Tianjin Binhai), Tianjin, China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Division of Quantum State of Matter, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Institute of Spin Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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14
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Castelli M, Hellerstedt J, Krull C, Gicev S, Hollenberg LCL, Usman M, Schiffrin A. Long-Range Surface-Assisted Molecule-Molecule Hybridization. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2005974. [PMID: 33576182 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metalated phthalocyanines (Pc's) are robust and versatile molecular complexes, whose properties can be tuned by changing their functional groups and central metal atom. The electronic structure of magnesium Pc (MgPc)-structurally and electronically similar to chlorophyll-adsorbed on the Ag(100) surface is investigated by low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, non-contact atomic force microscopy, and density functional theory. Single, isolated MgPc's exhibit a flat, fourfold rotationally symmetric morphology, with doubly degenerate, partially populated (due to surface-to-molecule electron transfer) lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs). In contrast, MgPc's with neighbouring molecules in proximity undergo a lift of LUMOs degeneracy, with a near-Fermi local density of states with reduced twofold rotational symmetry, indicative of a long-range attractive intermolecular interaction. The latter is assigned to a surface-mediated two-step electronic hybridization process. First, LUMOs interact with Ag(100) conduction electrons, forming hybrid molecule-surface orbitals with enhanced spatial extension. Then, these delocalized molecule-surface states further hybridize with those of neighbouring molecules. This work highlights how the electronic structure of molecular adsorbates-including orbital degeneracies and symmetries-can be significantly altered via surface-mediated intermolecular hybridization, over extended distances (beyond 3 nm), having important implications for prospects of molecule-based solid-state technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Castelli
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Jack Hellerstedt
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Cornelius Krull
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Spiro Gicev
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Lloyd C L Hollenberg
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- School of Computing and Information Systems, Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Agustin Schiffrin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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15
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Santhini VM, Wäckerlin C, Cahlík A, Ondráček M, Pascal S, Matěj A, Stetsovych O, Mutombo P, Lazar P, Siri O, Jelínek P. 1D Coordination π–d Conjugated Polymers with Distinct Structures Defined by the Choice of the Transition Metal: Towards a New Class of Antiaromatic Macrocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vijai M. Santhini
- Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Christian Wäckerlin
- Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague Czech Republic
- Surface Science and Coating Technologies Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Überlandstrasse 129 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
| | - Aleš Cahlík
- Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
- Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Břehová 78/7 CZ-11519 Prague 1 Czech Republic
| | - Martin Ondráček
- Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Simon Pascal
- Aix Marseille Université CINaM UMR 7325 CNRS Campus de Luminy 13288 Marseille cedex 09 France
| | - Adam Matěj
- Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Oleksandr Stetsovych
- Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Pingo Mutombo
- Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague Czech Republic
- Department of Petrochemistry and Refining University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Petr Lazar
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Olivier Siri
- Aix Marseille Université CINaM UMR 7325 CNRS Campus de Luminy 13288 Marseille cedex 09 France
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
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16
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Santhini VM, Wäckerlin C, Cahlík A, Ondráček M, Pascal S, Matěj A, Stetsovych O, Mutombo P, Lazar P, Siri O, Jelínek P. 1D Coordination π–d Conjugated Polymers with Distinct Structures Defined by the Choice of the Transition Metal: Towards a New Class of Antiaromatic Macrocycles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:439-445. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vijai M. Santhini
- Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Christian Wäckerlin
- Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague Czech Republic
- Surface Science and Coating Technologies Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Überlandstrasse 129 8600 Dübendorf Switzerland
| | - Aleš Cahlík
- Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
- Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Břehová 78/7 CZ-11519 Prague 1 Czech Republic
| | - Martin Ondráček
- Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Simon Pascal
- Aix Marseille Université CINaM UMR 7325 CNRS Campus de Luminy 13288 Marseille cedex 09 France
| | - Adam Matěj
- Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Oleksandr Stetsovych
- Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Pingo Mutombo
- Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague Czech Republic
- Department of Petrochemistry and Refining University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Petr Lazar
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Olivier Siri
- Aix Marseille Université CINaM UMR 7325 CNRS Campus de Luminy 13288 Marseille cedex 09 France
| | - Pavel Jelínek
- Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Cukrovarnická 10 16200 Prague Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Palacký University Šlechtitelů 27 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic
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17
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Guo YD, Wang JJ, Zeng HL, Yang YR, Xu XX, Yan XH. Electrically precise control of the spin polarization of electronic transport at the single-molecule level. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:17229-17235. [PMID: 32685948 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01868f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Compared with the conventional magnetic means (such as ferromagnetic contacts), controlling a spin current by electrical methods could largely reduce the energy consumption and dimensions of nano-devices, which has become a focus of research in spintronics. Inspired by recent progress in the synthesis of an iron-based metal-organic nanostructure, we investigate the spin-dependent electronic transport of the molecule of Fe3-terpyridine-phenyl-phenyl-terpyridine-Fe3 (Fe3-TPPT-Fe3) through first-principles calculations, and propose a three-terminal device without ferromagnetics. By applying a gate voltage, not only the spin polarization can be switched between 100% and -100% to achieve a dual-spin filter, but also its fine regulation can be realized, where the transmission with any ratio of spin-up to spin-down electron numbers is achievable. Analysis shows that the particular transmission spectra are the key mechanism, where two peaks reside discretely on both sides of the Fermi level with opposite spins. Such a feature is found to be robust to the number of Fe atoms and TPPT chain length, suggesting that it is an intrinsic feature of such systems and very conducive to practical applications. The electrical control (such as an electric field) of spin polarization is realized at the single-molecule level, showing great application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Dong Guo
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210046, China.
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18
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Li S, Duan S, Zha Z, Pan J, Sun L, Liu M, Deng K, Xu X, Qiu X. Structural Phase Transitions of Molecular Self-Assembly Driven by Nonbonded Metal Adatoms. ACS NANO 2020; 14:6331-6338. [PMID: 32396329 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c02995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of metal atoms in molecular assemblies has enriched the structural and functional diversity of two-dimensional supramolecular networks, where metal atoms are incorporated into the architecture via coordination or ionic bonding. Here we present a temperature-variable study of the self-assembly of the 1,3,5-tribromobenzene (TriBB) molecule on Cu(111) that reveals the involvement of nonbonded adatoms in the molecular matrix. By means of scanning tunneling microscopy and noncontact atomic force microscopy, we demonstrate the molecular-level details of a phase transition of TriBB assembly from the close-packed to porous honeycomb structures at 78 K. This is an unexpected transformation because the close-packed phase is thermodynamically favored in view of its higher molecular density and more intermolecular bonds as compared to the honeycomb lattice. A comprehensive density functional theory calculation suggests that Cu adatoms should be involved in the formation of the honeycomb network, where the Cu adatoms help stabilize the molecular assembly via enhanced van der Waals interactions between TriBB molecules and the underlying substrate. Both calculation and experimental results suggest no chemical bonding or direct charge transfer between the adatoms and the molecules, thus the electronic characteristics of the Cu adatoms trapped in the molecular confinement are close to the intrinsic ones on a clean metal surface and different from those in the traditional coordination-bonded framework. The nonbonded metal adatoms embedded self-assemblies may complement the metal-organic coordination system and can be used to tailor the chemical reactivity and electronic properties of supramolecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tumor Marker Detection Technology, Equipment and Diagnosis-Therapy Integration in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, P.R. China
| | - Sai Duan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Zeqi Zha
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jinliang Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Luye Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Mengxi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Ke Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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19
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Jing C, Zhang B, Synkule S, Ebrahimi M, Riss A, Auwärter W, Jiang L, Médard G, Reichert J, Barth JV, Papageorgiou AC. Snapshots of Dynamic Adaptation: Two-Dimensional Molecular Architectonics with Linear Bis-Hydroxamic Acid Modules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18948-18956. [PMID: 31671244 PMCID: PMC6973039 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Linear modules equipped with two terminal hydroxamic acid groups act as the building block of diverse two-dimensional supramolecular motifs and patterns with room-temperature stability on the close-packed single-crystal surfaces of silver and gold, revealing a complex self-assembly scenario. By combining multiple investigation techniques (scanning tunneling microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations), we analyze the characteristics of the ordered assemblies which range from close-packed structures to polyporous networks featuring an exceptionally extended primitive unit cell with a side length exceeding 7 nm. The polyporous network shows potential for hosting and promoting the formation of chiral supramolecules, whereas a transition from 1D chiral randomness to an ordered racemate is discovered in a different porous phase. We correlate the observed structural changes to the adaptivity of the building block and surface-induced changes in the chemical state of the hydroxamic acid functional group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jing
- Physics Department E20Technical University of MunichJames Franck Straße 185748GarchingGermany
- Key Laboratory for Advanced MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P. R. China
| | - Bodong Zhang
- Physics Department E20Technical University of MunichJames Franck Straße 185748GarchingGermany
| | - Sabine Synkule
- Physics Department E20Technical University of MunichJames Franck Straße 185748GarchingGermany
| | - Maryam Ebrahimi
- Physics Department E20Technical University of MunichJames Franck Straße 185748GarchingGermany
- Department of ChemistryLakehead University955 Oliver RdThunder BayONP7B 5E1Canada
| | - Alexander Riss
- Physics Department E20Technical University of MunichJames Franck Straße 185748GarchingGermany
| | - Willi Auwärter
- Physics Department E20Technical University of MunichJames Franck Straße 185748GarchingGermany
| | - Li Jiang
- Physics Department E20Technical University of MunichJames Franck Straße 185748GarchingGermany
| | - Guillaume Médard
- Chair of Proteomics and BioanalyticsTechnical University of MunichEmil Erlenmeyer Forum 585354FreisingGermany
| | - Joachim Reichert
- Physics Department E20Technical University of MunichJames Franck Straße 185748GarchingGermany
| | - Johannes V. Barth
- Physics Department E20Technical University of MunichJames Franck Straße 185748GarchingGermany
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20
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Jing C, Zhang B, Synkule S, Ebrahimi M, Riss A, Auwärter W, Jiang L, Médard G, Reichert J, Barth JV, Papageorgiou AC. Snapshots of Dynamic Adaptation: Two‐Dimensional Molecular Architectonics with Linear Bis‐Hydroxamic Acid Modules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jing
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich James Franck Straße 1 85748 Garching Germany
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Bodong Zhang
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich James Franck Straße 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Sabine Synkule
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich James Franck Straße 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Maryam Ebrahimi
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich James Franck Straße 1 85748 Garching Germany
- Department of Chemistry Lakehead University 955 Oliver Rd Thunder Bay ON P7B 5E1 Canada
| | - Alexander Riss
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich James Franck Straße 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Willi Auwärter
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich James Franck Straße 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Li Jiang
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich James Franck Straße 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Guillaume Médard
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics Technical University of Munich Emil Erlenmeyer Forum 5 85354 Freising Germany
| | - Joachim Reichert
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich James Franck Straße 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Johannes V. Barth
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich James Franck Straße 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Anthoula C. Papageorgiou
- Physics Department E20 Technical University of Munich James Franck Straße 1 85748 Garching Germany
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21
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Kumar D, Krull C, Yin Y, Medhekar NV, Schiffrin A. Electric Field Control of Molecular Charge State in a Single-Component 2D Organic Nanoarray. ACS NANO 2019; 13:11882-11890. [PMID: 31584795 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QD) with electric-field-controlled charge state are promising for electronics applications, e.g., digital information storage, single-electron transistors, and quantum computing. Inorganic QDs consisting of semiconductor nanostructures or heterostructures often offer limited control on size and composition distribution as well as low potential for scalability and/or nanoscale miniaturization. Owing to their tunability and self-assembly capability, using organic molecules as building nanounits can allow for bottom-up synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) nanoarrays of QDs. However, 2D molecular self-assembly protocols are often applicable on metals surfaces, where electronic hybridization and Fermi level pinning can hinder electric-field control of the QD charge state. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis of a single-component self-assembled 2D array of molecules [9,10-dicyanoanthracene (DCA)] that exhibit electric-field-controlled spatially periodic charging on a noble metal surface, Ag(111). The charge state of DCA can be altered (between neutral and negative), depending on its adsorption site, by the local electric field induced by a scanning tunneling microscope tip. Limited metal-molecule interactions result in an effective tunneling barrier between DCA and Ag(111) that enables electric-field-induced electron population of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and, hence, charging of the molecule. Subtle site-dependent variation of the molecular adsorption height translates into a significant spatial modulation of the molecular polarizability, dielectric constant, and LUMO energy level alignment, giving rise to a spatially dependent effective molecule-surface tunneling barrier and likelihood of charging. This work offers potential for high-density 2D self-assembled nanoarrays of identical QDs whose charge states can be addressed individually with an electric field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaneesh Kumar
- School of Physics & Astronomy , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Cornelius Krull
- School of Physics & Astronomy , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Yuefeng Yin
- School of Physics & Astronomy , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Nikhil V Medhekar
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
| | - Agustin Schiffrin
- School of Physics & Astronomy , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Future Low-Energy Electronics Technologies , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria 3800 , Australia
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22
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Selective on-surface covalent coupling based on metal-organic coordination template. Nat Commun 2019; 10:70. [PMID: 30622253 PMCID: PMC6325127 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07933-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Control over on-surface reaction pathways is crucial but challenging for the precise construction of conjugated nanostructures at the atomic level. Herein we demonstrate a selective on-surface covalent coupling reaction that is templated by metal-organic coordinative bonding, and achieve a porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanoribbon structure. In contrast to the inhomogeneous polymorphic structures resulting from the debrominated aryl-aryl coupling reaction on Au(111), the incorporation of an Fe-terpyridine (tpy) coordination motif into the on-surface reaction controls the molecular conformation, guides the reaction pathway, and finally yields pure organic sexipyridine-p-phenylene nanoribbons. Emergent molecular conformers and reaction products in the reaction pathways are revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy, density functional theory calculations and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, demonstrating the template effect of Fe-tpy coordination on the on-surface covalent coupling. Our approach opens an avenue for the rational design and synthesis of functional conjugated nanomaterials with atomic precision. Synthesizing precise conjugated nanostructures on a surface requires fine control over the covalent reaction pathways. Here, the authors show that reversible coordinative bonds can be used to template on-surface C-C coupling reactions, guiding the formation of porous organic nanoribbons.
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23
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Freund S, Pawlak R, Moser L, Hinaut A, Steiner R, Marinakis N, Constable EC, Meyer E, Housecroft CE, Glatzel T. Transoid-to-Cisoid Conformation Changes of Single Molecules on Surfaces Triggered by Metal Coordination. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:12851-12856. [PMID: 31458009 PMCID: PMC6645055 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Conformational isomers are stereoisomers that can interconvert over low potential barriers by rotation around a single bond. However, such bond rotation is hampered by geometrical constraints when molecules are adsorbed on surfaces. Here, we show that the adsorption of 4,4'-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-6,6'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine molecules on surfaces leads to the appearance of prochiral single molecules on NiO(001) and to enantiopure supramolecular domains on Au(111) surfaces containing the transoid-molecule conformation. Upon additional Fe adatom deposition, molecules undergo a controlled interconversion from a transoid-to-cisoid conformation as a result of coordination of the Fe atoms to the 2,2'-bipyridine moieties. As confirmed by atomic force microscopy images and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, the resulting molecular structures become irreversibly achiral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Freund
- Department
of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rémy Pawlak
- Department
of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
- E-mail:
| | - Lucas Moser
- Department
of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Hinaut
- Department
of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roland Steiner
- Department
of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Marinakis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Edwin C. Constable
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ernst Meyer
- Department
of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Catherine E. Housecroft
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thilo Glatzel
- Department
of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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