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Wang T, Ling AH, Billings SE, Hosseini DK, Vaisbuch Y, Kim GS, Atkinson PJ, Sayyid ZN, Aaron KA, Wagh D, Pham N, Scheibinger M, Zhou R, Ishiyama A, Moore LS, Maria PS, Blevins NH, Jackler RK, Alyono JC, Kveton J, Navaratnam D, Heller S, Lopez IA, Grillet N, Jan TA, Cheng AG. Single-cell transcriptomic atlas reveals increased regeneration in diseased human inner ear balance organs. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4833. [PMID: 38844821 PMCID: PMC11156867 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48491-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalian inner ear hair cell loss leads to permanent hearing and balance dysfunction. In contrast to the cochlea, vestibular hair cells of the murine utricle have some regenerative capacity. Whether human utricular hair cells regenerate in vivo remains unknown. Here we procured live, mature utricles from organ donors and vestibular schwannoma patients, and present a validated single-cell transcriptomic atlas at unprecedented resolution. We describe markers of 13 sensory and non-sensory cell types, with partial overlap and correlation between transcriptomes of human and mouse hair cells and supporting cells. We further uncover transcriptomes unique to hair cell precursors, which are unexpectedly 14-fold more abundant in vestibular schwannoma utricles, demonstrating the existence of ongoing regeneration in humans. Lastly, supporting cell-to-hair cell trajectory analysis revealed 5 distinct patterns of dynamic gene expression and associated pathways, including Wnt and IGF-1 signaling. Our dataset constitutes a foundational resource, accessible via a web-based interface, serving to advance knowledge of the normal and diseased human inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410011, PR China
| | - Angela H Ling
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Sara E Billings
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Davood K Hosseini
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yona Vaisbuch
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Grace S Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Patrick J Atkinson
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Zahra N Sayyid
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ksenia A Aaron
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Dhananjay Wagh
- Stanford Genomics Facility, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Nicole Pham
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Mirko Scheibinger
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ruiqi Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Akira Ishiyama
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Lindsay S Moore
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Peter Santa Maria
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Nikolas H Blevins
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Robert K Jackler
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jennifer C Alyono
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - John Kveton
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Dhasakumar Navaratnam
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Stefan Heller
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ivan A Lopez
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Nicolas Grillet
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Taha A Jan
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Alan G Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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2
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Bufalo AJ, Vanderbeck MM, Schmitt J, McGraw HF. EpCAM regulates hair cell development and regeneration in the zebrafish lateral line. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2024; 2024:10.17912/micropub.biology.001219. [PMID: 38800699 PMCID: PMC11117072 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The zebrafish lateral line mechanosensory system shares considerable morphological and molecular similarities with the inner ear. In particular, mechanosensory hair cells are responsible for transducing sensory stimuli in both structures. The epithelia cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is expressed in the cells of the inner ear of mammals and in the lateral lines system of fish. EpCAM regulates the many cellular functions including adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. In this study, we use the epcam jh79 mutant zebrafish line to determine that EpCAM function is required for proper development and regeneration of posterior lateral line hair cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Bufalo
- Division of Biology and Biomedical Systems, University of Missouri–Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States
| | - Madison M. Vanderbeck
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Systems, University of Missouri–Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States
| | - Jodie Schmitt
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Systems, University of Missouri–Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States
| | - Hillary F. McGraw
- Division of Biological and Biomedical Systems, University of Missouri–Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States
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3
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Shah JJ, Jimenez-Jaramillo CA, Lybrand ZR, Yuan TT, Erbele ID. Modern In Vitro Techniques for Modeling Hearing Loss. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:425. [PMID: 38790292 PMCID: PMC11118046 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11050425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a prevalent and growing global health concern, especially within operational medicine, with limited therapeutic options available. This review article explores the emerging field of in vitro otic organoids as a promising platform for modeling hearing loss and developing novel therapeutic strategies. SNHL primarily results from the irreversible loss or dysfunction of cochlear mechanosensory hair cells (HCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs), emphasizing the need for innovative solutions. Current interventions offer symptomatic relief but do not address the root causes. Otic organoids, three-dimensional multicellular constructs that mimic the inner ear's architecture, have shown immense potential in several critical areas. They enable the testing of gene therapies, drug discovery for sensory cell regeneration, and the study of inner ear development and pathology. Unlike traditional animal models, otic organoids closely replicate human inner ear pathophysiology, making them invaluable for translational research. This review discusses methodological advances in otic organoid generation, emphasizing the use of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to replicate inner ear development. Cellular and molecular characterization efforts have identified key markers and pathways essential for otic organoid development, shedding light on their potential in modeling inner ear disorders. Technological innovations, such as 3D bioprinting and microfluidics, have further enhanced the fidelity of these models. Despite challenges and limitations, including the need for standardized protocols and ethical considerations, otic organoids offer a transformative approach to understanding and treating auditory dysfunctions. As this field matures, it holds the potential to revolutionize the treatment landscape for hearing and balance disorders, moving us closer to personalized medicine for inner ear conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie J. Shah
- Department of Pathology, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, JBSA, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA;
| | - Couger A. Jimenez-Jaramillo
- Department of Pathology, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, JBSA, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA;
| | - Zane R. Lybrand
- Division of Biology, Texas Woman’s University, Denton, TX 76204, USA;
| | - Tony T. Yuan
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (T.T.Y.); (I.D.E.)
| | - Isaac D. Erbele
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (T.T.Y.); (I.D.E.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, JBSA, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA
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4
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Zhu H, Qu S, Deng Y, Gong M, Xiang Y, Teng Y, Ye D. Application of organoids in otolaryngology: head and neck surgery. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 281:1643-1649. [PMID: 38091101 PMCID: PMC10942880 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-08348-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this review is to systematically summarize the application of organoids in the field of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery. It aims to shed light on the current advancements and future potential of organoid technology in these areas, particularly in addressing challenges like hearing loss, cancer research, and organ regeneration. METHODS Review of current literature regrading organoids in the field of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery. RESULTS The review highlights several advancements in the field. In otology, the development of organoid replacement therapies offers new avenues for treating hearing loss. In nasal science, the creation of specific organoid models aids in studying nasopharyngeal carcinoma and respiratory viruses. In head and neck surgery, innovative approaches for squamous cell carcinoma prediction and thyroid regeneration using organoids have been developed. CONCLUSION Organoid research in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery is still at an early stage. This review underscores the potential of this technology in advancing our understanding and treatment of various conditions, predicting a transformative impact on future medical practices in these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyuan Qu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongqin Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengdan Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yizhen Xiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaoshu Teng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
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Liao M, Cui Q, Hu Y, Xing J, Wu D, Zheng S, Zhao Y, Yu Y, Sun J, Chai R. Recent advances in the application of MXenes for neural tissue engineering and regeneration. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:258-263. [PMID: 37488875 PMCID: PMC10503607 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.379037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) are crystal nanomaterials with a number of surface functional groups such as fluorine, hydroxyl, and oxygen, which can be used as carriers for proteins and drugs. MXenes have excellent biocompatibility, electrical conductivity, surface hydrophilicity, mechanical properties and easy surface modification. However, at present, the stability of most MXenes needs to be improved, and more synthesis methods need to be explored. MXenes are good substrates for nerve cell regeneration and nerve reconstruction, which have broad application prospects in the repair of nervous system injury. Regarding the application of MXenes in neuroscience, mainly at the cellular level, the long-term in vivo biosafety and effects also need to be further explored. This review focuses on the progress of using MXenes in nerve regeneration over the last few years; discussing preparation of MXenes and their biocompatibility with different cells as well as the regulation by MXenes of nerve cell regeneration in two-dimensional and three-dimensional environments in vitro. MXenes have great potential in regulating the proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of nerve cells and in promoting regeneration and recovery after nerve injury. In addition, this review also presents the main challenges during optimization processes, such as the preparation of stable MXenes and long-term in vivo biosafety, and further discusses future directions in neural tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghui Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qingyue Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yangnan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiayue Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Danqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shasha Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yafeng Yu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jingwu Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Tan F, Li X, Li X, Xu M, Shahzad KA, Hou L. GelMA/PEDOT:PSS Composite Conductive Hydrogel-Based Generation and Protection of Cochlear Hair Cells through Multiple Signaling Pathways. Biomolecules 2024; 14:95. [PMID: 38254695 PMCID: PMC10812993 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in cochlear implantology are exemplified by novel functional strategies such as bimodal electroacoustic stimulation, in which the patient has intact low-frequency hearing and profound high-frequency hearing pre-operatively. Therefore, the synergistic restoration of dysfunctional cochlear hair cells and the protection of hair cells from ototoxic insults have become a persistent target pursued for this hybrid system. In this study, we developed a composite GelMA/PEDOT:PSS conductive hydrogel that is suitable as a coating for the cochlear implant electrode for the potential local delivery of otoregenerative and otoprotective drugs. Various material characterization methods (e.g., 1H NMR spectroscopy, FT-IR, EIS, and SEM), experimental models (e.g., murine cochlear organoid and aminoglycoside-induced ototoxic HEI-OC1 cellular model), and biological analyses (e.g., confocal laser scanning microscopy, real time qPCR, flow cytometry, and bioinformatic sequencing) were used. The results demonstrated decent material properties of the hydrogel, such as mechanical (e.g., high tensile stress and Young's modulus), electrochemical (e.g., low impedance and high conductivity), biocompatibility (e.g., satisfactory cochlear cell interaction and free of systemic toxicity), and biosafety (e.g., minimal hemolysis and cell death) features. In addition, the CDR medicinal cocktail sustainably released by the hydrogel not only promoted the expansion of the cochlear stem cells but also boosted the trans-differentiation from cochlear supporting cells into hair cells. Furthermore, hydrogel-based drug delivery protected the hair cells from oxidative stress and various forms of programmed cell death (e.g., apoptosis and ferroptosis). Finally, using large-scale sequencing, we enriched a complex network of signaling pathways that are potentially downstream to various metabolic processes and abundant metabolites. In conclusion, we present a conductive hydrogel-based local delivery of bifunctional drug cocktails, thereby serving as a potential solution to intracochlear therapy of bimodal auditory rehabilitation and diseases beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tan
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China; (X.L.); (M.X.); (K.A.S.)
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China
- Department of ORL-HNS, The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland
- Department of ORL-HNS, The Royal College of Surgeons of England, London WC2A 3PE, UK
| | - Xuran Li
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China; (X.L.); (M.X.); (K.A.S.)
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology & Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China; (X.L.); (L.H.)
| | - Maoxiang Xu
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China; (X.L.); (M.X.); (K.A.S.)
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Khawar Ali Shahzad
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China; (X.L.); (M.X.); (K.A.S.)
- Plasma Medicine and Surgical Implants Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Lei Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology & Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China; (X.L.); (L.H.)
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7
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Li X, Ren M, Gu Y, Zhu T, Zhang Y, Li J, Li C, Wang G, Song L, Bi Z, Liu Z. In situ regeneration of inner hair cells in the damaged cochlea by temporally regulated co-expression of Atoh1 and Tbx2. Development 2023; 150:dev201888. [PMID: 38078650 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) are primary sound receptors, and are therefore a target for developing treatments for hearing impairment. IHC regeneration in vivo has been widely attempted, although not yet in the IHC-damaged cochlea. Moreover, the extent to which new IHCs resemble wild-type IHCs remains unclear, as is the ability of new IHCs to improve hearing. Here, we have developed an in vivo mouse model wherein wild-type IHCs were pre-damaged and nonsensory supporting cells were transformed into IHCs by ectopically expressing Atoh1 transiently and Tbx2 permanently. Notably, the new IHCs expressed the functional marker vGlut3 and presented similar transcriptomic and electrophysiological properties to wild-type IHCs. Furthermore, the formation efficiency and maturity of new IHCs were higher than those previously reported, although marked hearing improvement was not achieved, at least partly due to defective mechanoelectrical transduction (MET) in new IHCs. Thus, we have successfully regenerated new IHCs resembling wild-type IHCs in many respects in the damaged cochlea. Our findings suggest that the defective MET is a critical barrier that prevents the restoration of hearing capacity and should thus facilitate future IHC regeneration studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Minhui Ren
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunpeng Gu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Jie Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chao Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Guangqin Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Zhenghong Bi
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 201210, China
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8
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Kalra G, Lenz D, Abdul-Aziz D, Hanna C, Basu M, Herb BR, Colantuoni C, Milon B, Saxena M, Shetty AC, Hertzano R, Shivdasani RA, Ament SA, Edge ASB. Cochlear organoids reveal transcriptional programs of postnatal hair cell differentiation from supporting cells. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113421. [PMID: 37952154 PMCID: PMC11007545 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We explore the changes in chromatin accessibility and transcriptional programs for cochlear hair cell differentiation from postmitotic supporting cells using organoids from postnatal cochlea. The organoids contain cells with transcriptional signatures of differentiating vestibular and cochlear hair cells. Construction of trajectories identifies Lgr5+ cells as progenitors for hair cells, and the genomic data reveal gene regulatory networks leading to hair cells. We validate these networks, demonstrating dynamic changes both in expression and predicted binding sites of transcription factors (TFs) during organoid differentiation. We identify known regulators of hair cell development, Atoh1, Pou4f3, and Gfi1, and the analysis predicts the regulatory factors Tcf4, an E-protein and heterodimerization partner of Atoh1, and Ddit3, a CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) that represses Hes1 and activates transcription of Wnt-signaling-related genes. Deciphering the signals for hair cell regeneration from mammalian cochlear supporting cells reveals candidates for hair cell (HC) regeneration, which is limited in the adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurmannat Kalra
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Danielle Lenz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dunia Abdul-Aziz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Craig Hanna
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mahashweta Basu
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brian R Herb
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carlo Colantuoni
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Beatrice Milon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Madhurima Saxena
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amol C Shetty
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ronna Hertzano
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ramesh A Shivdasani
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Seth A Ament
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Albert S B Edge
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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9
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Diensthuber M, Stöver T. [Organoids-the key to novel therapies for the inner ear? German version]. HNO 2023; 71:702-707. [PMID: 37845538 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-023-01366-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity and the complexity of the human inner ear in conjunction with the lack of regenerative capacity are the main reasons for hearing loss and tinnitus. Progress in the development of protective and regenerative therapies for the inner ear often failed in the past not least due to the fact that no suitable model systems for cell biological and pharmacological in vitro studies were available. A novel technology for creating "mini-organs", so-called organoids, could solve this problem and has now also reached inner ear research. It makes it possible to produce inner ear organoids from cochlear stem/progenitor cells, embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells that mimic the structural characteristics and functional properties of the natural inner ear. This review focuses on the biological basis of these inner ear organoids, the current state of research and the promising prospects that are now opening up for basic and translational inner ear research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Diensthuber
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt/M., Deutschland.
| | - Timo Stöver
- Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt/M., Deutschland
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10
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Doda D, Alonso Jimenez S, Rehrauer H, Carreño JF, Valsamides V, Di Santo S, Widmer HR, Edge A, Locher H, van der Valk WH, Zhang J, Koehler KR, Roccio M. Human pluripotent stem cell-derived inner ear organoids recapitulate otic development in vitro. Development 2023; 150:dev201865. [PMID: 37791525 PMCID: PMC10565253 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Our molecular understanding of the early stages of human inner ear development has been limited by the difficulty in accessing fetal samples at early gestational stages. As an alternative, previous studies have shown that inner ear morphogenesis can be partially recapitulated using induced pluripotent stem cells directed to differentiate into inner ear organoids (IEOs). Once validated and benchmarked, these systems could represent unique tools to complement and refine our understanding of human otic differentiation and model developmental defects. Here, we provide the first direct comparisons of the early human embryonic otocyst and fetal sensory organs with human IEOs. We use multiplexed immunostaining and single-cell RNA-sequencing to characterize IEOs at three key developmental steps, providing a new and unique signature of in vitro-derived otic placode, epithelium, neuroblasts and sensory epithelia. In parallel, we evaluate the expression and localization of crucial markers at these equivalent stages in human embryos. Together, our data indicate that the current state-of-the-art protocol enables the specification of bona fide otic tissue, supporting the further application of IEOs to inform inner ear biology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Doda
- Inner Ear Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), 8091 Zurich,Switzerland
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Zurich (UZH), 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sara Alonso Jimenez
- Inner Ear Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), 8091 Zurich,Switzerland
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Zurich (UZH), 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hubert Rehrauer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Zurich (UZH), 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich (ETH Zurich and University of Zurich), 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jose F. Carreño
- Inner Ear Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), 8091 Zurich,Switzerland
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Zurich (UZH), 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich (ETH Zurich and University of Zurich), 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Victoria Valsamides
- Inner Ear Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), 8091 Zurich,Switzerland
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Zurich (UZH), 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Di Santo
- Program for Regenerative Neuroscience, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hans R. Widmer
- Program for Regenerative Neuroscience, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Albert Edge
- Eaton Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Heiko Locher
- OtoBiology Leiden, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW), Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter H. van der Valk
- OtoBiology Leiden, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital,Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Karl R. Koehler
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital,Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marta Roccio
- Inner Ear Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), 8091 Zurich,Switzerland
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Zurich (UZH), 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Wu J, Tao Y, Deng D, Meng Z, Zhao Y. The applications of CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing in genetic hearing loss. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:93. [PMID: 37210555 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01021-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss (HL) can be caused by a number of different genetic factors. Non-syndromic HL refers that HL occurs as an isolated symptom in an individual, whereas syndromic HL refers that HL is associated with other symptoms or abnormalities. To date, more than 140 genes have been identified as being associated with non-syndromic HL, and approximately 400 genetic syndromes can include HL as one of the clinical symptoms. However, no gene therapeutic approaches are currently available to restore or improve hearing. Therefore, there is an urgent necessity to elucidate the possible pathogenesis of specific mutations in HL-associated genes and to investigate the promising therapeutic strategies for genetic HL. The development of the CRISPR/Cas system has revolutionized the field of genome engineering, which has become an efficacious and cost-effective tool to foster genetic HL research. Moreover, several in vivo studies have demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of the CRISPR/Cas-mediated treatments for specific genetic HL. In this review, we briefly introduce the progress in CRISPR/Cas technique as well as the understanding of genetic HL, and then we detail the recent achievements of CRISPR/Cas technique in disease modeling and therapeutic strategies for genetic HL. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges for the application of CRISPR/Cas technique in future clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Tao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhaoli Meng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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12
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Smith-Cortinez N, Tan AK, Stokroos RJ, Versnel H, Straatman LV. Regeneration of Hair Cells from Endogenous Otic Progenitors in the Adult Mammalian Cochlea: Understanding Its Origins and Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097840. [PMID: 37175547 PMCID: PMC10177935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is caused by damage to sensory hair cells and/or spiral ganglion neurons. In non-mammalian species, hair cell regeneration after damage is observed, even in adulthood. Although the neonatal mammalian cochlea carries regenerative potential, the adult cochlea cannot regenerate lost hair cells. The survival of supporting cells with regenerative potential after cochlear trauma in adults is promising for promoting hair cell regeneration through therapeutic approaches. Targeting these cells by manipulating key signaling pathways that control mammalian cochlear development and non-mammalian hair cell regeneration could lead to regeneration of hair cells in the mammalian cochlea. This review discusses the pathways involved in the development of the cochlea and the impact that trauma has on the regenerative capacity of the endogenous progenitor cells. Furthermore, it discusses the effects of manipulating key signaling pathways targeting supporting cells with progenitor potential to promote hair cell regeneration and translates these findings to the human situation. To improve hearing recovery after hearing loss in adults, we propose a combined approach targeting (1) the endogenous progenitor cells by manipulating signaling pathways (Wnt, Notch, Shh, FGF and BMP/TGFβ signaling pathways), (2) by manipulating epigenetic control, and (3) by applying neurotrophic treatments to promote reinnervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Smith-Cortinez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Katherine Tan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Robert J Stokroos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Huib Versnel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Louise V Straatman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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13
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Doda D, Jimenez SA, Rehrauer H, Carre O JF, Valsamides V, Santo SD, Widmer HR, Edge A, Locher H, van der Valk W, Zhang J, Koehler KR, Roccio M. Human pluripotent stem cells-derived inner ear organoids recapitulate otic development in vitro. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.11.536448. [PMID: 37090562 PMCID: PMC10120641 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.11.536448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Our molecular understanding of the early stages of human inner ear development has been limited by the difficulty in accessing fetal samples at early gestational stages. As an alternative, previous studies have shown that inner ear morphogenesis can be partially recapitulated using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) directed to differentiate into Inner Ear Organoids (IEOs). Once validated and benchmarked, these systems could represent unique tools to complement and refine our understanding of human otic differentiation and model developmental defects. Here, we provide the first direct comparisons of the early human embryonic otocyst and human iPSC-derived IEOs. We use multiplexed immunostaining, and single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize IEOs at three key developmental steps, providing a new and unique signature of in vitro derived otic -placode, -epithelium, -neuroblasts, and -sensory epithelia. In parallel, we evaluate the expression and localization of critical markers at these equivalent stages in human embryos. We show that the placode derived in vitro (days 8-12) has similar marker expression to the developing otic placode of Carnegie Stage (CS) 11 embryos and subsequently (days 20-40) this gives rise to otic epithelia and neuroblasts comparable to the CS13 embryonic stage. Differentiation of sensory epithelia, including supporting cells and hair cells starts in vitro at days 50-60 of culture. The maturity of these cells is equivalent to vestibular sensory epithelia at week 10 or cochlear tissue at week 12 of development, before functional onset. Together, our data indicate that the current state-of-the-art protocol enables the specification of bona fide otic tissue, supporting the further application of IEOs to inform inner ear biology and disease.
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14
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Generation of innervated cochlear organoid recapitulates early development of auditory unit. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 18:319-336. [PMID: 36584686 PMCID: PMC9860115 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional cochlear hair cells (HCs) innervated by spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) are essential for hearing, whereas robust models that recapitulate the peripheral auditory circuity are still lacking. Here, we developed cochlear organoids with functional peripheral auditory circuity in a staging three-dimensional (3D) co-culture system by initially reprogramming cochlear progenitor cells (CPCs) with increased proliferative potency that could be long-term expanded, then stepwise inducing the differentiation of cochlear HCs, as well as the outgrowth of neurites from SGNs. The function of HCs and synapses within organoids was confirmed by a series of morphological and electrophysiological evaluations. Single-cell mRNA sequencing revealed the differentiation trajectories of CPCs toward the major cochlear cell types and the dynamic gene expression during organoid HC development, which resembled the pattern of native HCs. We established the cochlear organoids with functional synapses for the first time, which provides a platform for deciphering the mechanisms of sensorineural hearing loss.
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15
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Moeinvaziri F, Zarkesh I, Pooyan P, Nunez DA, Baharvand H. Inner ear organoids: progress and outlook, with a focus on the vascularization. FEBS J 2022; 289:7368-7384. [PMID: 34331740 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The inner ear is a complex organ that encodes sound, motion, and orientation in space. Given the complexity of the inner ear, it is not surprising that treatments are relatively limited despite the fact that, in 2015, hearing loss was the fourth leading cause of years lived with disability worldwide. Inner ear organoid models are a promising tool to advance the study of multiple aspects of the inner ear to aid the development of new treatments and validate drug-based therapies. The blood supply of the inner ear plays a pivotal role in growth, maturation, and survival of inner ear tissues and their physiological functions. This vasculature cannot be ignored in order to achieve a truly in vivo-like model that mimics the microenvironment and niches of organ development. However, this aspect of organoid development has remained largely absent in the generation of inner ear organoids. The current review focuses on three-dimensional inner ear organoid and how recent technical progress in generating in vitro vasculature can enhance the next generation of these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Moeinvaziri
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ibrahim Zarkesh
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paria Pooyan
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Desmond A Nunez
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Connolly K, Gonzalez-Cordero A. Modelling inner ear development and disease using pluripotent stem cells - a pathway to new therapeutic strategies. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:dmm049593. [PMID: 36331565 PMCID: PMC10621662 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The sensory epithelia of the mammalian inner ear enable sound and movement to be perceived. Damage to these epithelia can cause irreversible sensorineural hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction because they lack regenerative capacity. The human inner ear cannot be biopsied without causing permanent damage, significantly limiting the tissue samples available for research. Investigating disease pathology and therapeutic developments have therefore traditionally relied on animal models, which often cannot completely recapitulate the human otic systems. These challenges are now being partly addressed using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cultures, which generate the sensory epithelial-like tissues of the inner ear. Here, we review how pluripotent stem cells have been used to produce two-dimensional and three-dimensional otic cultures, the strengths and limitations of these new approaches, and how they have been employed to investigate genetic and acquired forms of audiovestibular dysfunction. This Review provides an overview of the progress in pluripotent stem cell-derived otic cultures thus far, focusing on their applications in disease modelling and therapeutic trials. We survey their current limitations and future directions, highlighting their prospective utility for high-throughput drug screening and developing personalised medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keeva Connolly
- Stem Cell Medicine Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, 2145 NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, 2145 NSW, Australia
| | - Anai Gonzalez-Cordero
- Stem Cell Medicine Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, 2145 NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, 2145 NSW, Australia
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17
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, a Stepping Stone to In Vitro Human Models of Hearing Loss. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203331. [PMID: 36291196 PMCID: PMC9600035 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is the most prevalent sensorineural impairment in humans. Yet despite very active research, no effective therapy other than the cochlear implant has reached the clinic. Main reasons for this failure are the multifactorial nature of the disorder, its heterogeneity, and a late onset that hinders the identification of etiological factors. Another problem is the lack of human samples such that practically all the work has been conducted on animals. Although highly valuable data have been obtained from such models, there is the risk that inter-species differences exist that may compromise the relevance of the gathered data. Human-based models are therefore direly needed. The irruption of human induced pluripotent stem cell technologies in the field of hearing research offers the possibility to generate an array of otic cell models of human origin; these may enable the identification of guiding signalling cues during inner ear development and of the mechanisms that lead from genetic alterations to pathology. These models will also be extremely valuable when conducting ototoxicity analyses and when exploring new avenues towards regeneration in the inner ear. This review summarises some of the work that has already been conducted with these cells and contemplates future possibilities.
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18
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Ren H, Hu B, Jiang G. Advancements in prevention and intervention of sensorineural hearing loss. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2022; 13:20406223221104987. [PMID: 35782345 PMCID: PMC9243368 DOI: 10.1177/20406223221104987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The inner ear is a complex and difficult organ to study, and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a multifactorial sensorineural disorder with characteristics of impaired speech discrimination, recognition, sound detection, and localization. Till now, SNHL is recognized as an incurable disease because the potential mechanisms underlying SNHL have not been elucidated. The risk of developing SNHL is no longer viewed as primarily due to environmental factors. Instead, SNHL seems to result from a complicated interplay of genetic and environmental factors affecting numerous fundamental cellular processes. The complexity of SNHL is presented as an inability to make an early diagnosis at the earliest stages of the disease and difficulties in the management of symptoms during the process. To date, there are no treatments that slow the neurodegenerative process. In this article, we review the recent advances about SHNL and discuss the complexities and challenges of prevention and intervention of SNHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmiao Ren
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Bing Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guangli Jiang
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Ding X, Hu Y, Cheng H, Zhang X, Lu L, Gao S, Cheng C, Wang L, Qian X, Zhang C, Chai R, Gao X, Huang Z. Graphene Substrates Promote the Differentiation of Inner Ear Lgr5+ Progenitor Cells Into Hair Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:927248. [PMID: 35814013 PMCID: PMC9256972 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.927248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The ideal treatment for sensory hearing loss is to regenerate inner ear hair cells (HCs) through stem cell therapy, thereby restoring the function and structure of the cochlea. Previous studies have found that Lgr5+ supporting cells (SCs) in the inner ear can regenerate HCs, thus being considered inner ear progenitor cells. In addition to traditional biochemical factors, physical factors such as electrical conductivity also play a crucial role in the regulation of stem cell proliferation and differentiation. In this study, the graphene substrates were used to culture Lgr5+ progenitor cells and investigated their regulatory effects on cells. It was demonstrated that the graphene substrates displayed great cytocompatibility for Lgr5+ progenitors and promoted their sphere-forming ability. Moreover, more Myosin7a+ cells were found on the graphene substrates compared with tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). These results suggest that graphene is an efficient interface that can promote the differentiation of Lgr5+ progenitors into HCs, which is great significance for its future application in combination with Lgr5+ cells to regenerate HCs in the inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiong Ding
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yangnan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lifen Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Renjie Chai, ; Xia Gao, ; Zhichun Huang,
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Renjie Chai, ; Xia Gao, ; Zhichun Huang,
| | - Zhichun Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Renjie Chai, ; Xia Gao, ; Zhichun Huang,
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20
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Lee MP, Waldhaus J. In vitro and in vivo models: What have we learnt about inner ear regeneration and treatment for hearing loss? Mol Cell Neurosci 2022; 120:103736. [PMID: 35577314 PMCID: PMC9551661 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2022.103736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The sensory cells of the inner ear, called hair cells, do not regenerate spontaneously and therefore, hair cell loss and subsequent hearing loss are permanent in humans. Conversely, functional hair cell regeneration can be observed in non-mammalian vertebrate species like birds and fish. Also, during postnatal development in mice, limited regenerative capacity and the potential to isolate stem cells were reported. Together, these findings spurred the interest of current research aiming to investigate the endogenous regenerative potential in mammals. In this review, we summarize current in vitro based approaches and briefly introduce different in vivo model organisms utilized to study hair cell regeneration. Furthermore, we present an overview of the findings that were made synergistically using both, the in vitro and in vivo based tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary P Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Joerg Waldhaus
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kresge Hearing Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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21
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Vaisbuch Y, Hosseini DK, Wagner A, Hirt B, Mueller M, Ponnusamy R, Heller S, Cheng AG, Löwenheim H, Aaron KA. Surgical Approach for Rapid and Minimally Traumatic Recovery of Human Inner Ear Tissues From Deceased Organ Donors. Otol Neurotol 2022; 43:e519-e525. [PMID: 35239617 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a surgical approach for rapid and minimally traumatic recovery of inner ear tissue from human organ and tissue donors to provide fresh tissue for use in inner ear research. STUDY DESIGN Exploration of novel surgical methodology and evaluation of the steps necessary for obtaining specimens from donors during the procurement of organs for transplantation. SETTING Donor procurement locations across multiple local hospitals and tissue processing at the microsurgical temporal bone laboratory. PATIENTS TISSUE SOURCE Human organ and tissue donors. INTERVENTIONS Dissection and procurement of the inner ear tissue. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Development of rapid and minimally traumatic inner ear tissue recovery. Primarily, establishing an efficient process which includes collaboration with transplant network, implementing a consent protocol, developing and training an on-call recovery team, and designing a portable surgical kit suitable for use in a variety of settings. RESULTS The extraction procedure is described in three consecutive steps: the trans-canal exposure, the approach to the vestibule with extraction of the vestibular organs; and the approach to extract inner ear tissues from the cochlear duct. CONCLUSIONS Organ and tissue donors are a promising and underutilized resource of inner ear organs for purposes of research and future translational studies. Using our modified technique through the trans-canal/trans-otic approach, we were able to extract tissues of the vestibular and auditory end organs in a timely manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yona Vaisbuch
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Davood K Hosseini
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack. New Jersey, USA
| | - Andreas Wagner
- Institute of Clinical Anatomy and Cell Analysis, University of Tübingen
| | - Bernhard Hirt
- Institute of Clinical Anatomy and Cell Analysis, University of Tübingen
| | - Marcus Mueller
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Heller
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Alan G Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Hubert Löwenheim
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ksenia A Aaron
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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22
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Aaron KA, Hosseini DK, Vaisbuch Y, Scheibinger M, Grillet N, Heller S, Wang T, Cheng AG. Selection Criteria Optimal for Recovery of Inner Ear Tissues From Deceased Organ Donors. Otol Neurotol 2022; 43:e507-e514. [PMID: 35120078 PMCID: PMC9527037 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify optimal conditions for recovering viable inner ear tissues from deceased organ donors. SETTING Tertiary recovery hospitals and Donor Network West Organ Recovery Center. INTERVENTIONS Recovering bilateral inner ear tissues and immunohistological analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Immunohistochemical analysis of utricles from human organ donors after brain death (DBD) or donors after cardiac death (DCD). RESULTS Vestibular tissues from 21 organ donors (39 ears) were recovered. Of these, 18 donors (33 utricles) were examined by immunofluorescence. The sensory epithelium was present in seven utricles (two from DBD and five from DCD). Relative to DBD utricles, DCD organs more commonly displayed dense populations of hair cells and supporting cells. Relative to DBD, DCD had significantly shorter postmortem interval time to tissue recovery (<48 h). Compared to donors with no sensory epithelium, donors with intact and viable sensory epithelium (both DCD and DBD) had significantly shorter lag time to resuscitation prior to hospital admission (6.4 ± 9.2 vs 35.6 ± 23.7 min, respectively) as well as a shorter time between pronouncements of death to organ recovery (22.6 ± 30.4 vs 64.8 ± 22.8 h, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Organ donors are a novel resource for bilateral inner ear organs. Selecting tissue donors within defined parameters can optimize the quality of recovered inner ear tissues, thereby facilitating future research investigating sensory and nonsensory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia A. Aaron
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Davood K. Hosseini
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack. New Jersey, USA
| | - Yona Vaisbuch
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Mirko Scheibinger
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Nicolas Grillet
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Stefan Heller
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Tian Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Alan G. Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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23
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Single-cell transcriptomic landscapes of the otic neuronal lineage at multiple early embryonic ages. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110542. [PMID: 35320729 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inner ear vestibular and spiral ganglion neurons (VGNs and SGNs) are known to play pivotal roles in balance control and sound detection. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying otic neurogenesis at early embryonic ages have remained unclear. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing to reveal the transcriptomes of mouse otic tissues at three embryonic ages, embryonic day 9.5 (E9.5), E11.5, and E13.5, covering proliferating and undifferentiated otic neuroblasts and differentiating VGNs and SGNs. We validate the high quality of our studies by using multiple assays, including genetic fate mapping analysis, and we uncover several genes upregulated in neuroblasts or differentiating VGNs and SGNs, such as Shox2, Myt1, Casz1, and Sall3. Notably, our findings suggest a general cascaded differentiation trajectory during early otic neurogenesis. The comprehensive understanding of early otic neurogenesis provided by our study holds critical implications for both basic and translational research.
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24
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Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals three sequential phases of gene expression during zebrafish sensory hair cell regeneration. Dev Cell 2022; 57:799-819.e6. [PMID: 35316618 PMCID: PMC9188816 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Loss of sensory hair cells (HCs) in the mammalian inner ear leads to permanent hearing and vestibular defects, whereas loss of HCs in zebrafish results in their regeneration. We used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to characterize the transcriptional dynamics of HC regeneration in zebrafish at unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. We uncovered three sequentially activated modules: first, an injury/inflammatory response and downregulation of progenitor cell maintenance genes within minutes after HC loss; second, the transient activation of regeneration-specific genes; and third, a robust re-activation of developmental gene programs, including HC specification, cell-cycle activation, ribosome biogenesis, and a metabolic switch to oxidative phosphorylation. The results are relevant not only for our understanding of HC regeneration and how we might be able to trigger it in mammals but also for regenerative processes in general. The data are searchable and publicly accessible via a web-based interface.
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25
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Liang J, Li X, Dong Y, Zhao B. Modeling Human Organ Development and Diseases With Fetal Tissue-Derived Organoids. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221124481. [PMID: 36121224 PMCID: PMC9490458 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221124481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in human organoid technology have greatly facilitated the study of organ development and pathology. In most cases, these organoids are derived from either pluripotent stem cells or adult stem cells for the modeling of developmental events and tissue homeostasis. However, due to the lack of human fetal tissue references and research model, it is still challenging to capture early developmental changes and underlying mechanisms in human embryonic development. The establishment of fetal tissue–derived organoids in rigorous time points is necessary. Here we provide an overview of the strategies and applications of fetal tissue–derived organoids, mainly focusing on fetal organ development research, developmental defect disease modeling, and organ–organ interaction study. Discussion of the importance of fetal tissue research also highlights the prospects and challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yateng Dong
- bioGenous Biotechnology, Inc., Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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26
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Smith-Cortinez N, Yadak R, Hendriksen FGJ, Sanders E, Ramekers D, Stokroos RJ, Versnel H, Straatman LV. LGR5-Positive Supporting Cells Survive Ototoxic Trauma in the Adult Mouse Cochlea. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:729625. [PMID: 34675775 PMCID: PMC8523910 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.729625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is mainly caused by irreversible damage to sensory hair cells (HCs). A subgroup of supporting cells (SCs) in the cochlea express leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), a marker for tissue-resident stem cells. LGR5+ SCs could be used as an endogenous source of stem cells for regeneration of HCs to treat hearing loss. Here, we report long-term presence of LGR5+ SCs in the mature adult cochlea and survival of LGR5+ SCs after severe ototoxic trauma characterized by partial loss of inner HCs and complete loss of outer HCs. Surviving LGR5+ SCs (confirmed by GFP expression) were located in the third row of Deiters' cells. We observed a change in the intracellular localization of GFP, from the nucleus in normal-hearing to cytoplasm and membrane in deafened mice. These data suggests that the adult mammalian cochlea possesses properties essential for regeneration even after severe ototoxic trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Smith-Cortinez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rana Yadak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ferry G J Hendriksen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Eefje Sanders
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Dyan Ramekers
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Robert J Stokroos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Huib Versnel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Louise V Straatman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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27
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Transcriptome-Wide Analysis Reveals a Role for Extracellular Matrix and Integrin Receptor Genes in Otic Neurosensory Differentiation from Human iPSCs. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910849. [PMID: 34639189 PMCID: PMC8509699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed transcriptomic data from otic sensory cells differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) by a previously described method to gain new insights into the early human otic neurosensory lineage. We identified genes and biological networks not previously described to occur in the human otic sensory developmental cell lineage. These analyses identified and ranked genes known to be part of the otic sensory lineage program (SIX1, EYA1, GATA3, etc.), in addition to a number of novel genes encoding extracellular matrix (ECM) (COL3A1, COL5A2, DCN, etc.) and integrin (ITG) receptors (ITGAV, ITGA4, ITGA) for ECM molecules. The results were confirmed by quantitative PCR analysis of a comprehensive panel of genes differentially expressed during the time course of hiPSC differentiation in vitro. Immunocytochemistry validated results for select otic and ECM/ITG gene markers in the in vivo human fetal inner ear. Our screen shows ECM and ITG gene expression changes coincident with hiPSC differentiation towards human otic neurosensory cells. Our findings suggest a critical role of ECM-ITG interactions with otic neurosensory lineage genes in early neurosensory development and cell fate determination in the human fetal inner ear.
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28
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Erni ST, Gill JC, Palaferri C, Fernandes G, Buri M, Lazarides K, Grandgirard D, Edge ASB, Leib SL, Roccio M. Hair Cell Generation in Cochlear Culture Models Mediated by Novel γ-Secretase Inhibitors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:710159. [PMID: 34485296 PMCID: PMC8414802 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.710159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is prevalent within society affecting the quality of life of 460 million worldwide. In the majority of cases, this is due to insult or degeneration of mechanosensory hair cells in the cochlea. In adult mammals, hair cell loss is irreversible as sensory cells are not replaced spontaneously. Genetic inhibition of Notch signaling had been shown to induce hair cell formation by transdifferentiation of supporting cells in young postnatal rodents and provided an impetus for targeting Notch pathway with small molecule inhibitors for hearing restoration. Here, the oto-regenerative potential of different γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) was evaluated in complementary assay models, including cell lines, organotypic cultures of the organ of Corti and cochlear organoids to characterize two novel GSIs (CPD3 and CPD8). GSI-treatment induced hair cell gene expression in all these models and was effective in increasing hair cell numbers, in particular outer hair cells, both in baseline conditions and in response to ototoxic damage. Hair cells were generated from transdifferentiation of supporting cells. Similar findings were obtained in cochlear organoid cultures, used for the first time to probe regeneration following sisomicin-induced damage. Finally, effective absorption of a novel GSI through the round window membrane and hair cell induction was attained in a whole cochlea culture model and in vivo pharmacokinetic comparisons of transtympanic delivery of GSIs and different vehicle formulations were successfully conducted in guinea pigs. This preclinical evaluation of targeting Notch signaling with novel GSIs illustrates methods of characterization for hearing restoration molecules, enabling translation to more complex animal studies and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia T Erni
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Inner Ear Research, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - John C Gill
- Audion Therapeutics B.V., Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Carlotta Palaferri
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Inner Ear Research, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gabriella Fernandes
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Inner Ear Research, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Buri
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Inner Ear Research, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Denis Grandgirard
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Albert S B Edge
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Stephen L Leib
- Neuroinfection Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marta Roccio
- Cluster for Regenerative Neuroscience, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Inner Ear Research, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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29
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Wen J, Song J, Bai Y, Liu Y, Cai X, Mei L, Ma L, He C, Feng Y. A Model of Waardenburg Syndrome Using Patient-Derived iPSCs With a SOX10 Mutation Displays Compromised Maturation and Function of the Neural Crest That Involves Inner Ear Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:720858. [PMID: 34426786 PMCID: PMC8379019 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.720858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Waardenburg syndrome (WS) is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder that is characterized by sensorineural hearing loss and abnormal pigmentation. SOX10 is one of its main pathogenicity genes. The generation of patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is an efficient means to investigate the mechanisms of inherited human disease. In our work, we set up an iPSC line derived from a WS patient with SOX10 mutation and differentiated into neural crest cells (NCCs), a key cell type involved in inner ear development. Compared with control-derived iPSCs, the SOX10 mutant iPSCs showed significantly decreased efficiency of development and differentiation potential at the stage of NCCs. After that, we carried out high-throughput RNA-seq and evaluated the transcriptional misregulation at every stage. Transcriptome analysis of differentiated NCCs showed widespread gene expression alterations, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in gene ontology terms of neuron migration, skeletal system development, and multicellular organism development, indicating that SOX10 has a pivotal part in the differentiation of NCCs. It's worth noting that, a significant enrichment among the nominal DEGs for genes implicated in inner ear development was found, as well as several genes connected to the inner ear morphogenesis. Based on the protein-protein interaction network, we chose four candidate genes that could be regulated by SOX10 in inner ear development, namely, BMP2, LGR5, GBX2, and GATA3. In conclusion, SOX10 deficiency in this WS subject had a significant impact on the gene expression patterns throughout NCC development in the iPSC model. The DEGs most significantly enriched in inner ear development and morphogenesis may assist in identifying the underlying basis for the inner ear malformation in subjects with WS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China.,Province Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Critical Diseases, Changsha, China.,Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China.,Province Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Critical Diseases, Changsha, China.,Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yijiang Bai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China.,Province Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Critical Diseases, Changsha, China.,Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yalan Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China.,Province Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Critical Diseases, Changsha, China.,Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinzhang Cai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China.,Province Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Critical Diseases, Changsha, China.,Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingyun Mei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China.,Province Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Critical Diseases, Changsha, China.,Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
| | - Chufeng He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China.,Province Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Critical Diseases, Changsha, China.,Department of Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Feng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
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30
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Elliott KL, Pavlinkova G, Chizhikov VV, Yamoah EN, Fritzsch B. Neurog1, Neurod1, and Atoh1 are essential for spiral ganglia, cochlear nuclei, and cochlear hair cell development. Fac Rev 2021; 10:47. [PMID: 34131657 PMCID: PMC8170689 DOI: 10.12703/r/10-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We review the molecular basis of three related basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) genes (Neurog1, Neurod1, and Atoh1) and upstream regulators Eya1/Six1, Sox2, Pax2, Gata3, Fgfr2b, Foxg1, and Lmx1a/b during the development of spiral ganglia, cochlear nuclei, and cochlear hair cells. Neuronal development requires early expression of Neurog1, followed by its downstream target Neurod1, which downregulates Atoh1 expression. In contrast, hair cells and cochlear nuclei critically depend on Atoh1 and require Neurod1 and Neurog1 expression for various aspects of development. Several experiments show a partial uncoupling of Atoh1/Neurod1 (spiral ganglia and cochlea) and Atoh1/Neurog1/Neurod1 (cochlear nuclei). In this review, we integrate the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate the development of auditory system and provide novel insights into the restoration of hearing loss, beyond the limited generation of lost sensory neurons and hair cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Elliott
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Gabriela Pavlinkova
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Victor V Chizhikov
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Ebenezer N Yamoah
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Bernd Fritzsch
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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31
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Elliott KL, Pavlínková G, Chizhikov VV, Yamoah EN, Fritzsch B. Development in the Mammalian Auditory System Depends on Transcription Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084189. [PMID: 33919542 PMCID: PMC8074135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the molecular basis of several transcription factors (Eya1, Sox2), including the three related genes coding basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH; see abbreviations) proteins (Neurog1, Neurod1, Atoh1) during the development of spiral ganglia, cochlear nuclei, and cochlear hair cells. Neuronal development requires Neurog1, followed by its downstream target Neurod1, to cross-regulate Atoh1 expression. In contrast, hair cells and cochlear nuclei critically depend on Atoh1 and require Neurod1 expression for interactions with Atoh1. Upregulation of Atoh1 following Neurod1 loss changes some vestibular neurons’ fate into “hair cells”, highlighting the significant interplay between the bHLH genes. Further work showed that replacing Atoh1 by Neurog1 rescues some hair cells from complete absence observed in Atoh1 null mutants, suggesting that bHLH genes can partially replace one another. The inhibition of Atoh1 by Neurod1 is essential for proper neuronal cell fate, and in the absence of Neurod1, Atoh1 is upregulated, resulting in the formation of “intraganglionic” HCs. Additional genes, such as Eya1/Six1, Sox2, Pax2, Gata3, Fgfr2b, Foxg1, and Lmx1a/b, play a role in the auditory system. Finally, both Lmx1a and Lmx1b genes are essential for the cochlear organ of Corti, spiral ganglion neuron, and cochlear nuclei formation. We integrate the mammalian auditory system development to provide comprehensive insights beyond the limited perception driven by singular investigations of cochlear neurons, cochlear hair cells, and cochlear nuclei. A detailed analysis of gene expression is needed to understand better how upstream regulators facilitate gene interactions and mammalian auditory system development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L. Elliott
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Gabriela Pavlínková
- Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 25250 Vestec, Czechia;
| | - Victor V. Chizhikov
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
| | - Ebenezer N. Yamoah
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA;
| | - Bernd Fritzsch
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Nourbakhsh A, Colbert BM, Nisenbaum E, El-Amraoui A, Dykxhoorn DM, Koehler KR, Chen ZY, Liu XZ. Stem Cells and Gene Therapy in Progressive Hearing Loss: the State of the Art. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2021; 22:95-105. [PMID: 33507440 PMCID: PMC7943682 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-020-00781-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss (PNSHL) is the most common cause of sensory impairment, affecting more than a third of individuals over the age of 65. PNSHL includes noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) and inherited forms of deafness, among which is delayed-onset autosomal dominant hearing loss (AD PNSHL). PNSHL is a prime candidate for genetic therapies due to the fact that PNSHL has been studied extensively, and there is a potentially wide window between identification of the disorder and the onset of hearing loss. Several gene therapy strategies exist that show potential for targeting PNSHL, including viral and non-viral approaches, and gene editing versus gene-modulating approaches. To fully explore the potential of these therapy strategies, a faithful in vitro model of the human inner ear is needed. Such models may come from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The development of new treatment modalities by combining iPSC modeling with novel and innovative gene therapy approaches will pave the way for future applications leading to improved quality of life for many affected individuals and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Nourbakhsh
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, 5th Floor, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Brett M. Colbert
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, 5th Floor, Miami, FL 33136 USA
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Eric Nisenbaum
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, 5th Floor, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Aziz El-Amraoui
- Unit Progressive Sensory Disorders, Institut Pasteur, INSERM-UMRS1120, Sorbonne Université, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Derek M. Dykxhoorn
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Karl Russell Koehler
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Zheng-yi Chen
- Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School and Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Xue Z. Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, 5th Floor, Miami, FL 33136 USA
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136 USA
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Stojkovic M, Han D, Jeong M, Stojkovic P, Stankovic KM. Human induced pluripotent stem cells and CRISPR/Cas-mediated targeted genome editing: Platforms to tackle sensorineural hearing loss. STEM CELLS (DAYTON, OHIO) 2021; 39:673-696. [PMID: 33586253 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss (HL) is a major global health problem of pandemic proportions. The most common type of HL is sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) which typically occurs when cells within the inner ear are damaged. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can be generated from any individual including those who suffer from different types of HL. The development of new differentiation protocols to obtain cells of the inner ear including hair cells (HCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) promises to expedite cell-based therapy and screening of potential pharmacologic and genetic therapies using human models. Considering age-related, acoustic, ototoxic, and genetic insults which are the most frequent causes of irreversible damage of HCs and SGNs, new methods of genome editing (GE), especially the CRISPR/Cas9 technology, could bring additional opportunities to understand the pathogenesis of human SNHL and identify novel therapies. However, important challenges associated with both hiPSCs and GE need to be overcome before scientific discoveries are correctly translated to effective and patient-safe applications. The purpose of the present review is (a) to summarize the findings from published reports utilizing hiPSCs for studies of SNHL, hence complementing recent reviews focused on animal studies, and (b) to outline promising future directions for deciphering SNHL using disruptive molecular and genomic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miodrag Stojkovic
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dongjun Han
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Minjin Jeong
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Petra Stojkovic
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Konstantina M Stankovic
- Eaton Peabody Laboratories, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Roccio M. Directed differentiation and direct reprogramming: Applying stem cell technologies to hearing research. Stem Cells 2020; 39:375-388. [PMID: 33378797 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss is the most widely spread sensory disorder in our society. In the majority of cases, it is caused by the loss or malfunctioning of cells in the cochlea: the mechanosensory hair cells, which act as primary sound receptors, and the connecting auditory neurons of the spiral ganglion, which relay the signal to upper brain centers. In contrast to other vertebrates, where damage to the hearing organ can be repaired through the activity of resident cells, acting as tissue progenitors, in mammals, sensory cell damage or loss is irreversible. The understanding of gene and cellular functions, through analysis of different animal models, has helped to identify causes of disease and possible targets for hearing restoration. Translation of these findings to novel therapeutics is, however, hindered by the lack of cellular assays, based on human sensory cells, to evaluate the conservation of molecular pathways across species and the efficacy of novel therapeutic strategies. In the last decade, stem cell technologies enabled to generate human sensory cell types in vitro, providing novel tools to study human inner ear biology, model disease, and validate therapeutics. This review focuses specifically on two technologies: directed differentiation of pluripotent stem cells and direct reprogramming of somatic cell types to sensory hair cells and neurons. Recent development in the field are discussed as well as how these tools could be implemented to become routinely adopted experimental models for hearing research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Roccio
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich (USZ), and University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
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van der Valk WH, Steinhart MR, Zhang J, Koehler KR. Building inner ears: recent advances and future challenges for in vitro organoid systems. Cell Death Differ 2020; 28:24-34. [PMID: 33318601 PMCID: PMC7853146 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00678-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While inner ear disorders are common, our ability to intervene and recover their sensory function is limited. In vitro models of the inner ear, like the organoid system, could aid in identifying new regenerative drugs and gene therapies. Here, we provide a perspective on the status of in vitro inner ear models and guidance on how to improve their applicability in translational research. We highlight the generation of inner ear cell types from pluripotent stem cells as a particularly promising focus of research. Several exciting recent studies have shown how the developmental signaling cues of embryonic and fetal development can be mimicked to differentiate stem cells into “inner ear organoids” containing otic progenitor cells, hair cells, and neurons. However, current differentiation protocols and our knowledge of embryonic and fetal inner ear development in general, have a bias toward the sensory epithelia of the inner ear. We propose that a more holistic view is needed to better model the inner ear in vitro. Moving forward, attention should be made to the broader diversity of neuroglial and mesenchymal cell types of the inner ear, and how they interact in space or time during development. With improved control of epithelial, neuroglial, and mesenchymal cell fate specification, inner ear organoids would have the ability to truly recapitulate neurosensory function and dysfunction. We conclude by discussing how single-cell atlases of the developing inner ear and technical innovations will be critical tools to advance inner ear organoid platforms for future pre-clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter H van der Valk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Matthew R Steinhart
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Medical Neuroscience Graduate Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Karl R Koehler
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Peng T, Peng JJ, Miao GY, Tan ZQ, Liu B, Zhou E. miR‑125/CDK2 axis in cochlear progenitor cell proliferation. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:102. [PMID: 33300064 PMCID: PMC7723065 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss ranks fourth among the principal causes of disability worldwide, and manipulation of progenitor cells may be a key strategy for hair cell regeneration. The present study investigated the role and mechanism of miR‑125 on the proliferation of cochlear progenitor cells (CPCs). CPCs were isolated from the cochleae of neonatal rats, and their morphology was observed. Furthermore, the differentiation ability of CPCs was determined by assessing the expression of 5‑bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), nestin and myosin VII by immunofluorescence. The expression levels of miR‑125 and cyclin‑dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) as well as the cell proliferation of CPCs were assessed. In addition, following gain‑ and loss‑of‑function assays, the cell cycle was examined by flow cytometry, and the expression levels of miR‑125, CDK2, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and nestin were determined by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blotting. The binding sites between miR‑125 and CDK2 were predicted by TargetScan and identified by the dual luciferase reporter assay. The results demonstrated that different types of progenitor spheres were observed from CPCs with positive expression of BrdU, nestin and myosin VII. Following in vitro incubation for 2, 4 and 7 days, the spheres were enlarged, and CPC proliferation gradually increased and reached a plateau after further incubation for 3 days. Furthermore, the expression levels of nestin and PCNA in CPCs increased and then decreased during in vitro incubation for 2, 4 and 7 days. Following this incubation, the expression levels of miR‑125 in CPCs decreased; thereafter, its expression increased, and the expression pattern was different from that of CDK2. In addition, miR‑125 overexpression in CPCs decreased the expression of CDK2 and the number of cells in the S phase. Different expression patterns were found in CPCs in response to the miR‑125 knockdown. In addition, miR‑125 directly targeted CDK2. Simultaneous knockdown of miR‑125 and CDK2 enhanced CPC proliferation compared with CDK2 knockdown alone. Taken together, the findings from the present study suggested that miR‑125 may inhibit CPC proliferation by downregulating CDK2. The present study may provide a novel therapeutic direction for treatment of hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Peng
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410007, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Jing Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changsha Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Gang-Yong Miao
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410007, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410007, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410007, P.R. China
| | - En Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410007, P.R. China
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Rousset F, B. C. Kokje V, Sipione R, Schmidbauer D, Nacher-Soler G, Ilmjärv S, Coelho M, Fink S, Voruz F, El Chemaly A, Marteyn A, Löwenheim H, Krause KH, Müller M, Glückert R, Senn P. Intrinsically Self-renewing Neuroprogenitors From the A/J Mouse Spiral Ganglion as Virtually Unlimited Source of Mature Auditory Neurons. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:395. [PMID: 33362466 PMCID: PMC7761749 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.599152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly 460 million individuals are affected by sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), one of the most common human sensory disorders. In mammals, hearing loss is permanent due to the lack of efficient regenerative capacity of the sensory epithelia and spiral ganglion neurons (SGN). Sphere-forming progenitor cells can be isolated from the mammalian inner ear and give rise to inner ear specific cell types in vitro. However, the self-renewing capacities of auditory progenitor cells from the sensory and neuronal compartment are limited to few passages, even after adding powerful growth factor cocktails. Here, we provide phenotypical and functional characterization of a new pool of auditory progenitors as sustainable source for sphere-derived auditory neurons. The so-called phoenix auditory neuroprogenitors, isolated from the A/J mouse spiral ganglion, exhibit robust intrinsic self-renewal properties beyond 40 passages. At any passage or freezing-thawing cycle, phoenix spheres can be efficiently differentiated into mature spiral ganglion cells by withdrawing growth factors. The differentiated cells express both neuronal and glial cell phenotypic markers and exhibit similar functional properties as mouse spiral ganglion primary explants and human sphere-derived spiral ganglion cells. In contrast to other rodent models aiming at sustained production of auditory neurons, no genetic transformation of the progenitors is needed. Phoenix spheres therefore represent an interesting starting point to further investigate self-renewal in the mammalian inner ear, which is still far from any clinical application. In the meantime, phoenix spheres already offer an unlimited source of mammalian auditory neurons for high-throughput screens while substantially reducing the numbers of animals needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Rousset
- The Inner Ear and Olfaction Lab, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vivianne B. C. Kokje
- The Inner Ear and Olfaction Lab, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Service of ORL & Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca Sipione
- The Inner Ear and Olfaction Lab, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Schmidbauer
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - German Nacher-Soler
- The Inner Ear and Olfaction Lab, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sten Ilmjärv
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marta Coelho
- The Inner Ear and Olfaction Lab, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Fink
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - François Voruz
- The Inner Ear and Olfaction Lab, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Service of ORL & Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Antoun El Chemaly
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Marteyn
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hubert Löwenheim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Krause
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Müller
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rudolf Glückert
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Pascal Senn
- The Inner Ear and Olfaction Lab, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Service of ORL & Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Kalra G, Milon B, Casella AM, Herb BR, Humphries E, Song Y, Rose KP, Hertzano R, Ament SA. Biological insights from multi-omic analysis of 31 genomic risk loci for adult hearing difficulty. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1009025. [PMID: 32986727 PMCID: PMC7544108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing impairment (ARHI), one of the most common medical conditions, is strongly heritable, yet its genetic causes remain largely unknown. We conducted a meta-analysis of GWAS summary statistics from multiple hearing-related traits in the UK Biobank (n = up to 330,759) and identified 31 genome-wide significant risk loci for self-reported hearing difficulty (p < 5x10-8), of which eight have not been reported previously in the peer-reviewed literature. We investigated the regulatory and cell specific expression for these loci by generating mRNA-seq, ATAC-seq, and single-cell RNA-seq from cells in the mouse cochlea. Risk-associated genes were most strongly enriched for expression in cochlear epithelial cells, as well as for genes related to sensory perception and known Mendelian deafness genes, supporting their relevance to auditory function. Regions of the human genome homologous to open chromatin in epithelial cells from the mouse were strongly enriched for heritable risk for hearing difficulty, even after adjusting for baseline effects of evolutionary conservation and cell-type non-specific regulatory regions. Epigenomic and statistical fine-mapping most strongly supported 50 putative risk genes. Of these, 39 were expressed robustly in mouse cochlea and 16 were enriched specifically in sensory hair cells. These results reveal new risk loci and risk genes for hearing difficulty and suggest an important role for altered gene regulation in the cochlear sensory epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurmannat Kalra
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Beatrice Milon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Alex M. Casella
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Physician Scientist Training Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Brian R. Herb
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Humphries
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Program in Molecular Epidemiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Yang Song
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Kevin P. Rose
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Ronna Hertzano
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Seth A. Ament
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
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Waqas M, Us-Salam I, Bibi Z, Wang Y, Li H, Zhu Z, He S. Stem Cell-Based Therapeutic Approaches to Restore Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Mammals. Neural Plast 2020; 2020:8829660. [PMID: 32802037 PMCID: PMC7416290 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8829660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The hair cells that reside in the cochlear sensory epithelium are the fundamental sensory structures responsible for understanding the mechanical sound waves evoked in the environment. The intense damage to these sensory structures may result in permanent hearing loss. The present strategies to rehabilitate the hearing function include either hearing aids or cochlear implants that may recover the hearing capability of deaf patients to a limited extent. Therefore, much attention has been paid on developing regenerative therapies to regenerate/replace the lost hair cells to treat the damaged cochlear sensory epithelium. The stem cell therapy is a promising approach to develop the functional hair cells and neuronal cells from endogenous and exogenous stem cell pool to recover hearing loss. In this review, we specifically discuss the potential of different kinds of stem cells that hold the potential to restore sensorineural hearing loss in mammals and comprehensively explain the current therapeutic applications of stem cells in both the human and mouse inner ear to regenerate/replace the lost hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waqas
- Department of Biotechnology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 211102, China
| | - Iram Us-Salam
- Department of Biotechnology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zainab Bibi
- Department of Biotechnology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Yunfeng Wang
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhongshou Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ningde Municipal Hospital Affiliated of Fujian Medical University (Ningde Institute of Otolaryngology), Ningde, Fujian 352100, China
| | - Shuangba He
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck, Nanjing Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 211102, China
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Durán-Alonso MB. Stem cell-based approaches: Possible route to hearing restoration? World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:422-437. [PMID: 32742560 PMCID: PMC7360988 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i6.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Disabling hearing loss is the most common sensorineural disability worldwide. It affects around 466 million people and its incidence is expected to rise to around 900 million people by 2050, according to World Health Organization estimates. Most cases of hearing impairment are due to the degeneration of hair cells (HCs) in the cochlea, mechano-receptors that transduce incoming sound information into electrical signals that are sent to the brain. Damage to these cells is mainly caused by exposure to aminoglycoside antibiotics and to some anti-cancer drugs such as cisplatin, loud sounds, age, infections and genetic mutations. Hearing deficits may also result from damage to the spiral ganglion neurons that innervate cochlear HCs. Differently from what is observed in avian and non-mammalian species, there is no regeneration of missing sensory cell types in the adult mammalian cochlea, what makes hearing loss an irreversible process. This review summarizes the research that has been conducted with the aim of developing cell-based strategies that lead to sensory cell replacement in the adult cochlea and, ultimately, to hearing restoration. Two main lines of research are discussed, one directed toward the transplantation of exogenous replacement cells into the damaged tissue, and another that aims at reactivating the regenerative potential of putative progenitor cells in the adult inner ear. Results from some of the studies that have been conducted are presented and the advantages and drawbacks of the various approaches discussed.
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Using Sox2 to alleviate the hallmarks of age-related hearing loss. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 59:101042. [PMID: 32173536 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is the most prevalent sensory deficit. ARHL reduces the quality of life of the growing population, setting seniors up for the enhanced mental decline. The size of the needy population, the structural deficit, and a likely research strategy for effective treatment of chronic neurosensory hearing in the elderly are needed. Although there has been profound advancement in auditory regenerative research, there remain multiple challenges to restore hearing loss. Thus, additional investigations are required, using novel tools. We propose how the (1) flat epithelium, remaining after the organ of Corti has deteriorated, can be converted to the repaired-sensory epithelium, using Sox2. This will include (2) developing an artificial gene regulatory network transmitted by (3) large viral vectors to the flat epithelium to stimulate remnants of the organ of Corti to restore hair cells. We hope to unite with our proposal toward the common goal, eventually restoring a functional human hearing organ by transforming the flat epithelial cells left after the organ of Corti loss.
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Géléoc GGS, El-Amraoui A. Disease mechanisms and gene therapy for Usher syndrome. Hear Res 2020; 394:107932. [PMID: 32199721 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.107932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is a major cause of deaf-blindness in humans, affecting ∼400 000 patients worldwide. Three clinical subtypes, USH1-3, have been defined, with 10 USH genes identified so far. In recent years, in addition to identification of new Usher genes and diagnostic tools, major progress has been made in understanding the role of Usher proteins and how they cooperate through interaction networks to ensure proper development, architecture and function of the stereociliary bundle at the apex of sensory hair cells in the inner ear. Several Usher mouse models of known human Usher genes have been characterized. These mice faithfully reproduce the auditory phenotype associated with Usher syndrome and the vestibular phenotype associated with some mutations in USH genes, particularly USH1. Interestingly, very few mouse models of Usher syndrome recapitulate the retinal phenotype associated with the disease in human. Usher patients can benefit from hearing aids or cochlear implants, which partially alleviate auditory sensory deprivation. However, there are currently no biological treatments available for auditory or visual dysfunction in Usher patients. Development of novel therapies for Usher syndrome has sprouted over the past decade, building on recent progress in gene transfer and new gene editing tools. Promising success demonstrating recovery of hearing and balance functions have been obtained via distinct therapeutic strategies in animal models. Clinical translation to Usher patients, however, calls for further improvements and concerted efforts to overcome the challenges ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwenaelle G S Géléoc
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 3, Blackfan circle, Center for Life Science, 03001, Boston, MA, 02115, United States.
| | - Aziz El-Amraoui
- Unit Progressive Sensory Disorders, Institut Pasteur, INSERM-UMRS1120, Sorbonne Université, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75015, Paris, France.
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Senn P, Mina A, Volkenstein S, Kranebitter V, Oshima K, Heller S. Progenitor Cells from the Adult Human Inner Ear. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2020; 303:461-470. [PMID: 31489779 PMCID: PMC7064943 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Loss of inner ear hair cells leads to incurable balance and hearing disorders because these sensory cells do not effectively regenerate in humans. A potential starting point for therapy would be the stimulation of quiescent progenitor cells within the damaged inner ear. Inner ear progenitor/stem cells, which have been described in rodent inner ears, would be principal candidates for such an approach. Despite the identification of progenitor cell populations in the human fetal cochlea and in the adult human spiral ganglion, no proliferative cell populations with the capacity to generate hair cells have been reported in vestibular and cochlear tissues of adult humans. The present study aimed at filling this gap by isolating colony-forming progenitor cells from surgery- and autopsy-derived adult human temporal bones in order to generate inner ear cell types in vitro. Sphere-forming and mitogen-responding progenitor cells were isolated from vestibular and cochlear tissues. Clonal spheres grown from adult human utricle and cochlear duct were propagated for a limited number of generations. When differentiated in absence of mitogens, the utricle-derived spheres robustly gave rise to hair cell-like cells, as well as to cells expressing supporting cell-, neuron-, and glial markers, indicating that the adult human utricle harbors multipotent progenitor cells. Spheres derived from the adult human cochlear duct did not give rise to hair cell-like or neuronal cell types, which is an indication that human cochlear cells have limited proliferative potential but lack the ability to differentiate into major inner ear cell types. Anat Rec, 303:461-470, 2020. © 2019 The Authors. The Anatomical Record published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Anatomists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Senn
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Service ORL & CCFUniversity hospital of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
- University Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryInselspitalBernSwitzerland
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryStanford UniversityPalo AltoCalifornia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular PhysiologyStanford UniversityPalo AltoCalifornia
| | - Amir Mina
- University Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryInselspitalBernSwitzerland
- University Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryAlexandria Faculty of MedicineAlexandriaEgypt
| | - Stefan Volkenstein
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryStanford UniversityPalo AltoCalifornia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular PhysiologyStanford UniversityPalo AltoCalifornia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryRuhr‐University of Bochum, St. Elisabeth‐HospitalBochumGermany
| | - Veronika Kranebitter
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryStanford UniversityPalo AltoCalifornia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular PhysiologyStanford UniversityPalo AltoCalifornia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Kazuo Oshima
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryStanford UniversityPalo AltoCalifornia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular PhysiologyStanford UniversityPalo AltoCalifornia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryOsaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaOsakaJapan
| | - Stefan Heller
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck SurgeryStanford UniversityPalo AltoCalifornia
- Department of Molecular and Cellular PhysiologyStanford UniversityPalo AltoCalifornia
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Johnson Chacko L, Sergi C, Eberharter T, Dudas J, Rask-Andersen H, Hoermann R, Fritsch H, Fischer N, Glueckert R, Schrott-Fischer A. Early appearance of key transcription factors influence the spatiotemporal development of the human inner ear. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 379:459-471. [PMID: 31788757 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03115-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Expression patterns of transcription factors leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase-1 (TAK1), SRY (sex-determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2), and GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) in the developing human fetal inner ear were studied between the gestation weeks 9 and 12. Further development of cochlear apex between gestational weeks 11 and 16 (GW11 and GW16) was examined using transmission electron microscopy. LGR5 was evident in the apical poles of the sensory epithelium of the cochlear duct and the vestibular end organs at GW11. Immunostaining was limited to hair cells of the organ of Corti by GW12. TAK1 was immune positive in inner hair cells of the organ of Corti by GW12 and colocalized with p75 neurotrophic receptor expression. Expression for SOX2 was confined primarily to the supporting cells of utricle at the earliest stage examined at GW9. Intense expression for GATA3 was presented in the cochlear sensory epithelium and spiral ganglia at GW9. Expression of GATA3 was present along the midline of both the utricle and saccule in the zone corresponding to the striolar reversal zone where the hair cell phenotype switches from type I to type II. The spatiotemporal gradient of the development of the organ of Corti was also evident with the apex of the cochlea forming by GW16. It seems that highly specific staining patterns of several transcriptions factors are critical in guiding the genesis of the inner ear over development. Our findings suggest that the spatiotemporal gradient in cochlear development extends at least until gestational week 16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lejo Johnson Chacko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Consolato Sergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, 8440 112 St, NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Theresa Eberharter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jozsef Dudas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helge Rask-Andersen
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology, Uppsala University Hospital, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Romed Hoermann
- Department of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, Division of Clinical & Functional Anatomy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Muellerstrasse 59, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Helga Fritsch
- Department of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, Division of Clinical & Functional Anatomy, Medical University of Innsbruck, Muellerstrasse 59, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natalie Fischer
- University Clinics Innsbruck, Tirol Kliniken, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rudolf Glueckert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
- University Clinics Innsbruck, Tirol Kliniken, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anneliese Schrott-Fischer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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45
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Novel insights into inner ear development and regeneration for targeted hearing loss therapies. Hear Res 2019; 397:107859. [PMID: 31810596 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.107859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is the most common sensory deficit in humans. Despite the global scale of the problem, only limited treatment options are available today. The mammalian inner ear is a highly specialized postmitotic organ, which lacks proliferative or regenerative capacity. Since the discovery of hair cell regeneration in non-mammalian species however, much attention has been placed on identifying possible strategies to reactivate similar responses in humans. The development of successful regenerative approaches for hearing loss strongly depends on a detailed understanding of the mechanisms that control human inner ear cellular specification, differentiation and function, as well as on the development of robust in vitro cellular assays, based on human inner ear cells, to study these processes and optimize therapeutic interventions. We summarize here some aspects of inner ear development and strategies to induce regeneration that have been investigated in rodents. Moreover, we discuss recent findings in human inner ear development and compare the results with findings from animal models. Finally, we provide an overview of strategies for in vitro generation of human sensory cells from pluripotent and somatic progenitors that may provide a platform for drug development and validation of therapeutic strategies in vitro.
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46
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Calabro KR, Boye SL, Choudhury S, Fajardo D, Peterson JJ, Li W, Crosson SM, Kim MJ, Ding D, Salvi R, Someya S, Boye SE. A Novel Mouse Model of MYO7A USH1B Reveals Auditory and Visual System Haploinsufficiencies. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1255. [PMID: 31824252 PMCID: PMC6883748 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Usher’s syndrome is the most common combined blindness–deafness disorder with USH1B, caused by mutations in MYO7A, resulting in the most severe phenotype. The existence of numerous, naturally occurring shaker1 mice harboring variable MYO7A mutations on different genetic backgrounds has complicated the characterization of MYO7A knockout (KO) and heterozygote mice. We generated a novel MYO7A KO mouse (Myo7a–/–) that is easily genotyped, maintained, and confirmed to be null for MYO7A in both the eye and inner ear. Like USH1B patients, Myo7a–/– mice are profoundly deaf, and display near complete loss of inner and outer cochlear hair cells (HCs). No gross structural changes were observed in vestibular HCs. Myo7a–/– mice exhibited modest declines in retinal function but, unlike patients, no loss of retinal structure. We attribute the latter to differential expression of MYO7A in mouse vs. primate retina. Interestingly, heterozygous Myo7a+/– mice had reduced numbers of cochlear HCs and concomitant reductions in auditory function relative to Myo7a+/+ controls. Notably, this is the first report that loss of a single Myo7a allele significantly alters auditory structure and function and suggests that audiological characterization of USH1B carriers is warranted. Maintenance of vestibular HCs in Myo7a–/– mice suggests that gene replacement could be used to correct the vestibular dysfunction in USH1B patients. While Myo7a–/– mice do not exhibit sufficiently robust retinal phenotypes to be used as a therapeutic outcome measure, they can be used to assess expression of vectored MYO7A on a null background and generate valuable pre-clinical data toward the treatment of USH1B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn R Calabro
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Sanford L Boye
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Shreyasi Choudhury
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Diego Fajardo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - James J Peterson
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Sean M Crosson
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Mi-Jung Kim
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Dalian Ding
- Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo NY, United States
| | - Richard Salvi
- Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo NY, United States
| | - Shinichi Someya
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Shannon E Boye
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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47
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Roccio M, Edge ASB. Inner ear organoids: new tools to understand neurosensory cell development, degeneration and regeneration. Development 2019; 146:146/17/dev177188. [PMID: 31477580 DOI: 10.1242/dev.177188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of therapeutic interventions for hearing loss requires fundamental knowledge about the signaling pathways controlling tissue development as well as the establishment of human cell-based assays to validate therapeutic strategies ex vivo Recent advances in the field of stem cell biology and organoid culture systems allow the expansion and differentiation of tissue-specific progenitors and pluripotent stem cells in vitro into functional hair cells and otic-like neurons. We discuss how inner ear organoids have been developed and how they offer for the first time the opportunity to validate drug-based therapies, gene-targeting approaches and cell replacement strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Roccio
- Inner Ear Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern 3008, Switzerland .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern 3010, Switzerland
| | - Albert S B Edge
- Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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48
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The field of otology is increasingly at the forefront of innovation in science and medicine. The inner ear, one of the most challenging systems to study, has been rendered much more open to inquiry by recent developments in research methodology. Promising advances of potential clinical impact have occurred in recent years in biological fields such as auditory genetics, ototoxic chemoprevention and organ of Corti regeneration. The interface of the ear with digital technology to remediate hearing loss, or as a consumer device within an intelligent ecosystem of connected devices, is receiving enormous creative energy. Automation and artificial intelligence can enhance otological medical and surgical practice. Otology is poised to enter a new renaissance period, in which many previously untreatable ear diseases will yield to newly introduced therapies. OBJECTIVE This paper speculates on the direction otology will take in the coming decades. CONCLUSION Making predictions about the future of otology is a risky endeavour. If the predictions are found wanting, it will likely be because of unforeseen revolutionary methods.
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Xia M, Ma J, Sun S, Li W, Li H. The biological strategies for hearing re-establishment based on the stem/progenitor cells. Neurosci Lett 2019; 711:134406. [PMID: 31377244 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The cochlea is the essential organ for hearing and includes both auditory sensory hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons. The discovery of inner ear stem cell brings hope to the regeneration of hair cell and spiral ganglion neuron as well as the followed hearing re-establishment. Thus the investigation on characteristics of inner ear stem/progenitor cells and related regulating clue is important to make such regeneration a reality. In addition, attempts have also been made to transplant exogenous stem cells into the inner ear to restore hearing function. In this review, we describe recent advances in the characterization of mammalian inner ear progenitor/stem cells and the mechanisms of regulating their proliferation and differentiation, and summarize studies that have used exogenous stem cells to repair damaged hair cells and neurons in the inner ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Xia
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of the Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiaoyao Ma
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of the Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shan Sun
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of the Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of the Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Huawei Li
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of the Affiliated Eye and ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Cochlear Implant, Shanghai, 200031, China; The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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50
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Negishi-Oshino R, Ohgami N, He T, Ohgami K, Li X, Kato M. cVEMP correlated with imbalance in a mouse model of vestibular disorder. Environ Health Prev Med 2019; 24:39. [PMID: 31153359 PMCID: PMC6545207 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-019-0794-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) testing is a strong tool that enables objective determination of balance functions in humans. However, it remains unknown whether cVEMP correctly expresses vestibular disorder in mice. Objective In this study, correlations of cVEMP with scores for balance-related behavior tests including rotarod, beam, and air-righting reflex tests were determined in ICR mice with vestibular disorder induced by 3,3′-iminodipropiontrile (IDPN) as a mouse model of vestibular disorder. Methods Male ICR mice at 4 weeks of age were orally administered IDPN in saline (28 mmol/kg body weight) once. Rotarod, beam crossing, and air-righting reflex tests were performed before and 3–4 days after oral exposure one time to IDPN to determine balance functions. The saccule and utricles were labeled with fluorescein phalloidin. cVEMP measurements were performed for mice in the control and IDPN groups. Finally, the correlations between the scores of behavior tests and the amplitude or latency of cVEMP were determined with Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Two-tailed Student’s t test and Welch’s t test were used to determine a significant difference between the two groups. A difference with p < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results After oral administration of IDPN at 28 mmol/kg, scores of the rotarod, beam, and air-righting reflex tests in the IDPN group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The numbers of hair cells in the saccule, utricle, and cupula were decreased in the IDPN group. cVEMP in the IDPN group was significantly decreased in amplitude and increased in latency compared to those in the control group. cVEMP amplitude had significant correlations with the numbers of hair cells as well as scores for all of the behavior tests in mice. Conclusions This study demonstrated impaired cVEMP and correlations of cVEMP with imbalance determined by behavior tests in a mouse model of vestibular disorder. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12199-019-0794-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reina Negishi-Oshino
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Ohgami
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tingchao He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kyoko Ohgami
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Masashi Kato
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
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