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Lee WS, Abel ED, Kim J. New Insights into IGF-1 Signaling in the Heart. Physiology (Bethesda) 2024; 39:0. [PMID: 38713091 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00003.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling has multiple physiological roles in cellular growth, metabolism, and aging. Myocardial hypertrophy, cell death, senescence, fibrosis, and electrical remodeling are hallmarks of various heart diseases and contribute to the progression of heart failure. This review highlights the critical role of IGF-1 and its cognate receptor in cardiac hypertrophy, aging, and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Soo Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E Dale Abel
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Jaetaek Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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2
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Zhang L, Zheng Y, Chen G, Zhao F, Li S. Case report: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor with fulvestrant in a patient with ER+/HER2- metastatic breast carcinoma induced fatal arrhythmias: a preventable event? Front Oncol 2024; 14:1331472. [PMID: 38952547 PMCID: PMC11215965 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1331472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors have shown synergistic anticancer effects with endocrine therapy against ER+/PIK3CA-mutated breast cancer. PI3K inhibitors for cancer therapy are becoming more common. There is an increasing need to understand their cardiac adverse events. In this report, we describe the features of near-fatal mixed arrhythmias in a patient who was undergoing a phase Ib clinical study of PI3Kα inhibitor with fulvestrant. Subsequently, the patient survived by cardiopulmonary resuscitation and therefore did not die. This case highlights that PI3K inhibitors can induce QT/QTc prolongation and predispose patients to TdP. The combination of QT/QTc prolongation in combination with prolonged cardiac repolarization, such as an AV block during treatment with PI3Kα inhibitor, may aggravate the occurrence of TdP. It is likely to be a safer strategy to adjust the standard of discontinuing drugs and continuing drugs (QTc interval was <500 and <60 ms at baseline) or choose other types of alternative treatment options. This report provided some ideas for clinicians to identify early and prevent the occurrence of fatal arrhythmias during anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanlei Zheng
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, ZhongNan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shi Li
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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3
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Dvorak N, Liu Z, Mouthuy PA. Soft bioreactor systems: a necessary step toward engineered MSK soft tissue? Front Robot AI 2024; 11:1287446. [PMID: 38711813 PMCID: PMC11070535 DOI: 10.3389/frobt.2024.1287446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
A key objective of tissue engineering (TE) is to produce in vitro funcional grafts that can replace damaged tissues or organs in patients. TE uses bioreactors, which are controlled environments, allowing the application of physical and biochemical cues to relevant cells growing in biomaterials. For soft musculoskeletal (MSK) tissues such as tendons, ligaments and cartilage, it is now well established that applied mechanical stresses can be incorporated into those bioreactor systems to support tissue growth and maturation via activation of mechanotransduction pathways. However, mechanical stresses applied in the laboratory are often oversimplified compared to those found physiologically and may be a factor in the slow progression of engineered MSK grafts towards the clinic. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have focused on the application of complex loading conditions, applying stresses of different types and direction on tissue constructs, in order to better mimic the cellular environment experienced in vivo. Such studies have highlighted the need to improve upon traditional rigid bioreactors, which are often limited to uniaxial loading, to apply physiologically relevant multiaxial stresses and elucidate their influence on tissue maturation. To address this need, soft bioreactors have emerged. They employ one or more soft components, such as flexible soft chambers that can twist and bend with actuation, soft compliant actuators that can bend with the construct, and soft sensors which record measurements in situ. This review examines types of traditional rigid bioreactors and their shortcomings, and highlights recent advances of soft bioreactors in MSK TE. Challenges and future applications of such systems are discussed, drawing attention to the exciting prospect of these platforms and their ability to aid development of functional soft tissue engineered grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pierre-Alexis Mouthuy
- Botnar Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Kundu R, Kumar S, Chandra A, Datta A. Cell-Permeable Fluorescent Sensors Enable Rapid Live Cell Visualization of Plasma Membrane and Nuclear PIP3 Pools. JACS AU 2024; 4:1004-1017. [PMID: 38559732 PMCID: PMC10976597 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Phosphoinositides, phospholipids that are key cell-signal mediators, are present at very low levels in cellular membranes and within nuclei. Phosphatidylinositol-(3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3), a phosphoinositide barely present in resting cell membranes, is produced when cells receive either growth, proliferation, or movement signals. Aberrant PIP3 levels are associated with the formation of cancers. PIP3 pools are also present in the nucleus, specifically in the nucleolus. However, questions related to the organization and function of this lipid in such membraneless intranuclear structures remain unanswered. Therefore, chemical sensors for tracking cellular PIP3 are invaluable not only for timing signal initiation in membranes but also for identifying the organization and function of membraneless nuclear PIP3 pools. Because PIP3 is present in the inner leaflet of cell membranes and in the nucleus, cell-permeable, rapid-response fluorescent sensors would be ideal. We have designed two peptide-based, water-soluble, cell-permeable, ratiometric PIP3 sensors named as MFR-K17H and DAN-NG-H12G. MFR-K17H rapidly entered into the cell cytoplasm, distinctly reporting rapid (<1 min) time scales of growth factor-stimulated PIP3 generation and depletion within cell membranes in living cells. Importantly, MFR-K17H lighted up inherently high levels of PIP3 in triple-negative breast cancer cell membranes, implying future applications in the detection of enhanced PIP3 levels in cancerous cells. On the other hand, DAN-NG-H12G targeted intranuclear PIP3 pools, revealing that within membraneless structures, PIP3 resided in a hydrophobic environment. Together, both probes form a unique orthogonally targeted combination of cell-permeable, ratiometric probes that, unlike previous cell-impermeable protein-based sensors, are easy to apply and provide an unprecedented handle into PIP3-mediated cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajasree Kundu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 1 Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Sahil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 1 Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Amitava Chandra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 1 Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Ankona Datta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 1 Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India
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Phillips TA, Marcotti S, Cox S, Parsons M. Imaging actin organisation and dynamics in 3D. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261389. [PMID: 38236161 PMCID: PMC10906668 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton plays a critical role in cell architecture and the control of fundamental processes including cell division, migration and survival. The dynamics and organisation of F-actin have been widely studied in a breadth of cell types on classical two-dimensional (2D) surfaces. Recent advances in optical microscopy have enabled interrogation of these cytoskeletal networks in cells within three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds, tissues and in vivo. Emerging studies indicate that the dimensionality experienced by cells has a profound impact on the structure and function of the cytoskeleton, with cells in 3D environments exhibiting cytoskeletal arrangements that differ to cells in 2D environments. However, the addition of a third (and fourth, with time) dimension leads to challenges in sample preparation, imaging and analysis, necessitating additional considerations to achieve the required signal-to-noise ratio and spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we summarise the current tools for imaging actin in a 3D context and highlight examples of the importance of this in understanding cytoskeletal biology and the challenges and opportunities in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. Phillips
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunts House, Guys Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Stefania Marcotti
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunts House, Guys Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
- Microscopy Innovation Centre, King's College London, Guys Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Susan Cox
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunts House, Guys Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunts House, Guys Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
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Dai Y, Ignatyeva N, Xu H, Wali R, Toischer K, Brandenburg S, Lenz C, Pronto J, Fakuade FE, Sossalla S, Zeisberg EM, Janshoff A, Kutschka I, Voigt N, Urlaub H, Rasmussen TB, Mogensen J, Lehnart SE, Hasenfuss G, Ebert A. An Alternative Mechanism of Subcellular Iron Uptake Deficiency in Cardiomyocytes. Circ Res 2023; 133:e19-e46. [PMID: 37313752 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic defects in intestinal iron absorption, circulation, and retention cause iron deficiency in 50% of patients with heart failure. Defective subcellular iron uptake mechanisms that are independent of systemic absorption are incompletely understood. The main intracellular route for iron uptake in cardiomyocytes is clathrin-mediated endocytosis. METHODS We investigated subcellular iron uptake mechanisms in patient-derived and CRISPR/Cas-edited induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes as well as patient-derived heart tissue. We used an integrated platform of DIA-MA (mass spectrometry data-independent acquisition)-based proteomics and signaling pathway interrogation. We employed a genetic induced pluripotent stem cell model of 2 inherited mutations (TnT [troponin T]-R141W and TPM1 [tropomyosin 1]-L185F) that lead to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a frequent cause of heart failure, to study the underlying molecular dysfunctions of DCM mutations. RESULTS We identified a druggable molecular pathomechanism of impaired subcellular iron deficiency that is independent of systemic iron metabolism. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis defects as well as impaired endosome distribution and cargo transfer were identified as a basis for subcellular iron deficiency in DCM-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. The clathrin-mediated endocytosis defects were also confirmed in the hearts of patients with DCM with end-stage heart failure. Correction of the TPM1-L185F mutation in DCM patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells, treatment with a peptide, Rho activator II, or iron supplementation rescued the molecular disease pathway and recovered contractility. Phenocopying the effects of the TPM1-L185F mutation into WT induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes could be ameliorated by iron supplementation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that impaired endocytosis and cargo transport resulting in subcellular iron deficiency could be a relevant pathomechanism for patients with DCM carrying inherited mutations. Insight into this molecular mechanism may contribute to the development of treatment strategies and risk management in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Dai
- Heart Research Center Goettingen, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August University of Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., S.S., E.M.Z., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., C.L., J.P., F.E.F., E.M.Z., I.K., N.V., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
| | - Nadezda Ignatyeva
- Heart Research Center Goettingen, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August University of Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., S.S., E.M.Z., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., C.L., J.P., F.E.F., E.M.Z., I.K., N.V., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
| | - Hang Xu
- Heart Research Center Goettingen, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August University of Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., S.S., E.M.Z., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., C.L., J.P., F.E.F., E.M.Z., I.K., N.V., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
| | - Ruheen Wali
- Heart Research Center Goettingen, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August University of Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., S.S., E.M.Z., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., C.L., J.P., F.E.F., E.M.Z., I.K., N.V., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
| | - Karl Toischer
- Heart Research Center Goettingen, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August University of Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., S.S., E.M.Z., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., C.L., J.P., F.E.F., E.M.Z., I.K., N.V., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- Heart Center, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen (K.T., S.B., S.S., G.H.), University of Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sören Brandenburg
- Heart Research Center Goettingen, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August University of Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., S.S., E.M.Z., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., C.L., J.P., F.E.F., E.M.Z., I.K., N.V., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- Heart Center, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen (K.T., S.B., S.S., G.H.), University of Goettingen, Germany
| | - Christof Lenz
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., C.L., J.P., F.E.F., E.M.Z., I.K., N.V., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, (C.L., H.U.), University of Goettingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC; C.L., F.E.F., N.V., S.E.L.), University of Goettingen, Germany
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Goettingen (C.L., H.U.)
| | - Julius Pronto
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., C.L., J.P., F.E.F., E.M.Z., I.K., N.V., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen, (J.P., F.E.F., N.V.), University of Goettingen, Germany
| | - Funsho E Fakuade
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., C.L., J.P., F.E.F., E.M.Z., I.K., N.V., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen, (J.P., F.E.F., N.V.), University of Goettingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC; C.L., F.E.F., N.V., S.E.L.), University of Goettingen, Germany
| | - Samuel Sossalla
- Heart Research Center Goettingen, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August University of Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., S.S., E.M.Z., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- Heart Center, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen (K.T., S.B., S.S., G.H.), University of Goettingen, Germany
- Department for Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg (S.S.)
| | - Elisabeth M Zeisberg
- Heart Research Center Goettingen, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August University of Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., S.S., E.M.Z., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., C.L., J.P., F.E.F., E.M.Z., I.K., N.V., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
| | - Andreas Janshoff
- Institute for Physical Chemistry (A.J.), University of Goettingen, Germany
| | - Ingo Kutschka
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., C.L., J.P., F.E.F., E.M.Z., I.K., N.V., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen (I.K.)
| | - Niels Voigt
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., C.L., J.P., F.E.F., E.M.Z., I.K., N.V., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen, (J.P., F.E.F., N.V.), University of Goettingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC; C.L., F.E.F., N.V., S.E.L.), University of Goettingen, Germany
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, (C.L., H.U.), University of Goettingen, Germany
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Goettingen (C.L., H.U.)
| | | | - Jens Mogensen
- Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark (J.M.)
| | - Stephan E Lehnart
- Heart Research Center Goettingen, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August University of Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., S.S., E.M.Z., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., C.L., J.P., F.E.F., E.M.Z., I.K., N.V., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC; C.L., F.E.F., N.V., S.E.L.), University of Goettingen, Germany
| | - Gerd Hasenfuss
- Heart Research Center Goettingen, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August University of Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., S.S., E.M.Z., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., C.L., J.P., F.E.F., E.M.Z., I.K., N.V., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- Heart Center, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen (K.T., S.B., S.S., G.H.), University of Goettingen, Germany
| | - Antje Ebert
- Heart Research Center Goettingen, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg-August University of Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., S.S., E.M.Z., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Goettingen, Germany (Y.D., N.I., H.X., R.W., K.T., S.B., C.L., J.P., F.E.F., E.M.Z., I.K., N.V., S.E.L., G.H., A.E.)
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7
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Reitz C, Tavassoli M, Kim D, Shah S, Lakin R, Teng A, Zhou YQ, Li W, Hadipour-Lakmehsari S, Backx P, Emili A, Oudit G, Kuzmanov U, Gramolini A. Proteomics and phosphoproteomics of failing human left ventricle identifies dilated cardiomyopathy-associated phosphorylation of CTNNA3. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2212118120. [PMID: 37126683 PMCID: PMC10175742 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2212118120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis and treatment outcomes of heart failure (HF) patients rely heavily on disease etiology, yet the majority of underlying signaling mechanisms are complex and not fully elucidated. Phosphorylation is a major point of protein regulation with rapid and profound effects on the function and activity of protein networks. Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive proteomic and phosphoproteomic studies examining cardiac tissue from HF patients with either dilated dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) or ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). Here, we used a combined proteomic and phosphoproteomic approach to identify and quantify more than 5,000 total proteins with greater than 13,000 corresponding phosphorylation sites across explanted left ventricle (LV) tissue samples, including HF patients with DCM vs. nonfailing controls (NFC), and left ventricular infarct vs. noninfarct, and periinfarct vs. noninfarct regions of HF patients with ICM. Each pair-wise comparison revealed unique global proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiles with both shared and etiology-specific perturbations. With this approach, we identified a DCM-associated hyperphosphorylation cluster in the cardiomyocyte intercalated disc (ICD) protein, αT-catenin (CTNNA3). We demonstrate using both ex vivo isolated cardiomyocytes and in vivo using an AAV9-mediated overexpression mouse model, that CTNNA3 phosphorylation at these residues plays a key role in maintaining protein localization at the cardiomyocyte ICD to regulate conductance and cell-cell adhesion. Collectively, this integrative proteomic/phosphoproteomic approach identifies region- and etiology-associated signaling pathways in human HF and describes a role for CTNNA3 phosphorylation in the pathophysiology of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristine J. Reitz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1M8
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ONM5G 1M1
| | - Marjan Tavassoli
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1M8
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ONM5G 1M1
| | - Da Hye Kim
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1M8
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ONM5G 1M1
| | - Saumya Shah
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, ABT6G 2R3
| | - Robert Lakin
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ONM3J 1P3
| | - Allen C. T. Teng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1M8
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ONM5G 1M1
| | - Yu-Qing Zhou
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ONM5G 1M1
| | - Wenping Li
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1M8
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ONM5G 1M1
| | - Sina Hadipour-Lakmehsari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1M8
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ONM5G 1M1
| | - Peter H. Backx
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ONM3J 1P3
| | - Andrew Emili
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA02118
- Department of Biology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA02118
- The Centre for Network Systems Biology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA02118
| | - Gavin Y. Oudit
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, ABT6G 2R3
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Edmonton, ABT6G 2B7
| | - Uros Kuzmanov
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1M8
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ONM5G 1M1
| | - Anthony O. Gramolini
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1M8
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ONM5G 1M1
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8
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Chantaravisoot N, Wongkongkathep P, Kalpongnukul N, Pacharakullanon N, Kaewsapsak P, Ariyachet C, Loo JA, Tamanoi F, Pisitkun T. mTORC2 interactome and localization determine aggressiveness of high-grade glioma cells through association with gelsolin. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7037. [PMID: 37120454 PMCID: PMC10148843 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33872-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) has been implicated as a key regulator of glioblastoma cell migration. However, the roles of mTORC2 in the migrational control process have not been entirely elucidated. Here, we elaborate that active mTORC2 is crucial for GBM cell motility. Inhibition of mTORC2 impaired cell movement and negatively affected microfilament and microtubule functions. We also aimed to characterize important players involved in the regulation of cell migration and other mTORC2-mediated cellular processes in GBM cells. Therefore, we quantitatively characterized the alteration of the mTORC2 interactome under selective conditions using affinity purification-mass spectrometry in glioblastoma. We demonstrated that changes in cell migration ability specifically altered mTORC2-associated proteins. GSN was identified as one of the most dynamic proteins. The mTORC2-GSN linkage was mostly highlighted in high-grade glioma cells, connecting functional mTORC2 to multiple proteins responsible for directional cell movement in GBM. Loss of GSN disconnected mTORC2 from numerous cytoskeletal proteins and affected the membrane localization of mTORC2. In addition, we reported 86 stable mTORC2-interacting proteins involved in diverse molecular functions, predominantly cytoskeletal remodeling, in GBM. Our findings might help expand future opportunities for predicting the highly migratory phenotype of brain cancers in clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naphat Chantaravisoot
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama IV Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Piriya Wongkongkathep
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nuttiya Kalpongnukul
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Narawit Pacharakullanon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama IV Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pornchai Kaewsapsak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama IV Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Research Unit of Systems Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Chaiyaboot Ariyachet
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama IV Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Joseph A Loo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- UCLA/DOE Institute of Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Fuyuhiko Tamanoi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Trairak Pisitkun
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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9
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Ezeani M, Prabhu S. PI3K(p110α) as a determinant and gene therapy for atrial enlargement in atrial fibrillation. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:471-490. [PMID: 35900667 PMCID: PMC9938077 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04526-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an irregular heart rhythm, characterised by chaotic atrial activation, which is promoted by remodelling. Once initiated, AF can also propagate the progression of itself in the so-called ''AF begets AF''. Several lines of investigation have shown that signalling molecules, including reactive oxygen species, angiotensin II, and phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks), in presence or absence of cardiovascular disease risk factors, stabilise and promote AF maintenance. In particular, reduced cardiac-specific PI3K activity that is not associated with oncology is cardiotoxic and increases susceptibility to AF. Atrial-specific PI3K(p110α) transgene can cause pathological atrial enlargement. Highlighting the crucial importance of the p110α protein in a clinical problem that currently challenges the professional health care practice, in over forty (40) transgenic mouse models of AF (Table1), currently existing, of which some of the models are models of human genetic disorders, including PI3K(p110α) transgenic mouse model, over 70% of them reporting atrial size showed enlarged, greater atrial size. Individuals with minimal to severely dilated atria develop AF more likely. Left atrial diameter and volume stratification are an assessment for follow-up surveillance to detect AF. Gene therapy to reduce atrial size will be associated with a reduction in AF burden. In this overview, PI3K(p110α), a master regulator of organ size, was investigated in atrial enlargement and in physiological determinants that promote AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Ezeani
- NanoBiotechnology Laboratory, Central Clinical School, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
| | - Sandeep Prabhu
- The Alfred, and Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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10
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Paul M, Golla K, Kim H. Gelsolin Modulates Platelet Dense Granule Secretion and Hemostasis via the Actin Cytoskeleton. Thromb Haemost 2023; 123:219-230. [PMID: 36522181 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The mechanisms underlying platelet granule release are not fully understood. The actin cytoskeleton serves as the platelet's structural framework that is remodeled upon platelet activation. Gelsolin is a calcium-dependent protein that severs and caps existing actin filaments although its role in modulating platelet granule exocytosis is unknown. METHODS The hemostatic function of wild-type (WT) and gelsolin null (Gsn-/- ) mice was measured ex vivo by rotational thromboelastometry analysis of whole blood. Platelets were purified from WT and Gsn-/- mouse blood and activated with thrombin. Platelet aggregation was assessed by light-transmission aggregometry. Clot retraction was measured to assess outside-in integrin signaling. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release and surface P-selectin were measured as markers of dense- and α-granule secretion, respectively. RESULTS The kinetics of agonist-induced aggregation, clot retraction, and ATP release were accelerated in Gsn-/- platelets relative to WT. However, levels of surface P-selectin were diminished in Gsn-/- platelets. ATP release was also accelerated in WT platelets pretreated with the actin-depolymerizing drug cytochalasin D, thus mimicking the kinetics observed in Gsn-/- platelets. Conversely, ATP release kinetics were normalized in Gsn-/- platelets treated with the actin polymerization agonist jasplakinolide. Rab27b and Munc13-4 are vesicle-priming proteins known to promote dense granule secretion. Co-immunoprecipitation indicates that the association between Rab27b and Munc13-4 is enhanced in Gsn-/- platelets. CONCLUSIONS Gelsolin regulates the kinetics of hemostasis by modulating the platelet's actin cytoskeleton and the protein machinery of dense granule exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Paul
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kalyan Golla
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hugh Kim
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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11
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Yang H, Liang Z, Xie J, Wu Q, Qin Y, Zhang S, Tang G. Gelsolin inhibits autophagy by regulating actin depolymerization in pancreatic ductal epithelial cells in acute pancreatitis. Braz J Med Biol Res 2023; 56:e12279. [PMID: 36722658 PMCID: PMC9883008 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2023e12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Gelsolin (GSN) can sever actin filaments associated with autophagy. This study investigated how GSN-regulated actin filaments control autophagy in pancreatic ductal epithelial cells (PDECs) in acute pancreatitis (AP). AP was produced in a rat model and PDECs using caerulein (CAE). Rat pancreatic duct tissue and HPDE6-C7 cells were extracted at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after CAE treatment. HPDE6-C7 cells in the presence of CAE were treated with cytochalasin B (CB) or silenced for GSN for 24 h. Pancreatic histopathology and serum amylase levels were analyzed. Cellular ultrastructure and autophagy in PDECs were observed by transmission electron microscopy after 24 h of CAE treatment. The expression of GSN and autophagy markers LC3, P62, and LAMP2 was evaluated in PDECs by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Actin filaments were observed microscopically. Amylase levels were highest at 6 h of AP, and pancreatic tissue damage increased over time. Mitochondrial vacuolization and autophagy were observed in PDECs. CAE increased GSN expression in these cells over time, increased the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and LAMP2 expression at 24 and 6 h of treatment, respectively, and decreased P62 expression at all time points. CB treatment for 24 h decreased the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and LAMP2 expression, increased P62 levels, but had no impact on GSN expression in CAE-treated PDECs. CAE induced actin depolymerization, and CB potentiated this effect. GSN silencing increased the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and LAMP2 expression and reduced actin depolymerization in CAE-treated PDECs. GSN may inhibit autophagosome biogenesis and autophagosome-lysosome fusion by increasing actin depolymerization in PDECs in AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhihai Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinlian Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yingying Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Guodu Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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12
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Zhou H, Astore C, Skolnick J. PHEVIR: an artificial intelligence algorithm that predicts the molecular role of pathogens in complex human diseases. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20889. [PMID: 36463386 PMCID: PMC9719543 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25412-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are known to cause a wide variety of post-infection complications. However, it's been challenging to identify which diseases are most associated with a given pathogen infection. Using the recently developed LeMeDISCO approach that predicts comorbid diseases associated with a given set of putative mode of action (MOA) proteins and pathogen-human protein interactomes, we developed PHEVIR, an algorithm which predicts the corresponding human disease comorbidities of 312 viruses and 57 bacteria. These predictions provide an understanding of the molecular bases of complications and means of identifying appropriate drug targets to treat them. As an illustration of its power, PHEVIR is applied to identify putative driver pathogens and corresponding human MOA proteins for Type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and inflammatory bowel disease. Additionally, we explore the origins of the oncogenicity/oncolyticity of certain pathogens and the relationship between heart disease and influenza. The full PHEVIR database is available at https://sites.gatech.edu/cssb/phevir/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Zhou
- grid.213917.f0000 0001 2097 4943Center for the Study of Systems Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive, N.W., Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
| | - Courtney Astore
- grid.213917.f0000 0001 2097 4943Center for the Study of Systems Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive, N.W., Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
| | - Jeffrey Skolnick
- grid.213917.f0000 0001 2097 4943Center for the Study of Systems Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive, N.W., Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
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13
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De Silva E, Paul M, Kim H. Apoptosis in platelets is independent of the actin cytoskeleton. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276584. [PMID: 36378629 PMCID: PMC9665360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeostasis between platelet production and clearance is essential for human health. A critical facet of the balance that facilitates platelet clearance from the circulation is apoptosis (programmed cell death). The precise cellular mechanisms that underpin platelet apoptosis are not defined. In nucleated cells, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton is known to regulate platelet apoptosis. However, the role of the actin cytoskeleton in regulating apoptosis in platelets has not been extensively studied as they are anucleate and exhibit a distinctive physiology. Here, apoptosis was induced in washed human platelets using ABT-737, a BH3-mimetic drug. Mitochondrial depolarization was measured using the ratiometric dye JC-1; surface phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure was measured by annexin V binding; caspase-3 activation was measured by Western blotting. All three apoptotic markers were unaffected by the presence of either the actin depolymerizing drug cytochalasin D or the actin polymerizing drug jasplakinolide. Moreover, platelets were isolated from wild-type (WT) mice and mice deficient in gelsolin (Gsn), an actin-binding protein that is essential for normal cytoskeletal remodeling. In response to ABT-737, gelsolin-null (Gsn-/-) platelets initially showed accelerated PS exposure relative to WT platelets, however, both WT and Gsn-/- platelets exhibited similar levels of mitochondrial depolarization and caspase-3 activation in response to ABT-737. We conclude that ABT-737 induces established markers of platelet apoptosis in an actin-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enoli De Silva
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Manoj Paul
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hugh Kim
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
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14
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Sebastian S, Weinstein LS, Ludwig A, Munroe P, Tinker A. Slowing Heart Rate Protects Against Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy. FUNCTION 2022; 4:zqac055. [PMID: 36540889 PMCID: PMC9761894 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqac055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine the pathophysiological impact of heart rate (HR) slowing on cardiac function. We have recently developed a murine model in which it is possible to conditionally delete the stimulatory heterotrimeric G-protein (Gαs) in the sinoatrial (SA) node after the addition of tamoxifen using cre-loxP technology. The addition of tamoxifen leads to bradycardia. We used this approach to examine the physiological and pathophysiological effects of HR slowing. We first looked at the impact on exercise performance by running the mice on a treadmill. After the addition of tamoxifen, mice with conditional deletion of Gαs in the SA node ran a shorter distance at a slower speed. Littermate controls preserved their exercise capacity after tamoxifen. Results consistent with impaired cardiac capacity in the mutants were also obtained with a dobutamine echocardiographic stress test. We then examined if HR reduction influenced pathological cardiac hypertrophy using two models: ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery for myocardial infarction and abdominal aortic banding for hypertensive heart disease. In littermate controls, both procedures resulted in cardiac hypertrophy. However, induction of HR reduction prior to surgical intervention significantly ameliorated the hypertrophy. In order to assess potential protein kinase pathways that may be activated in the left ventricle by relative bradycardia, we used a phospho-antibody array and this revealed selective activation of phosphoinositide-3 kinase. In conclusion, HR reduction protects against pathological cardiac hypertrophy but limits physiological exercise capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Sebastian
- William Harvey Heart Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Lee S Weinstein
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases/National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 8C101, Bethesda, MD 20892-1752, USA
| | - Andreas Ludwig
- Institut fuer Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg, Fahrstr. 17, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Patricia Munroe
- William Harvey Heart Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
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15
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Wang G, Liu H, An L, Hou S, Zhang Q. CAPG facilitates diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell progression through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Hum Immunol 2022; 83:832-842. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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16
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Zhang H, Jamieson KL, Grenier J, Nikhanj A, Tang Z, Wang F, Wang S, Seidman JG, Seidman CE, Thompson R, Seubert JM, Oudit GY. Myocardial Iron Deficiency and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Advanced Heart Failure in Humans. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e022853. [PMID: 35656974 PMCID: PMC9238720 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.022853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Myocardial iron deficiency (MID) in heart failure (HF) remains largely unexplored. We aim to establish defining criterion for MID, evaluate its pathophysiological role, and evaluate the applicability of monitoring it non‐invasively in human explanted hearts. Methods and Results Biventricular tissue iron levels were measured in both failing (n=138) and non‐failing control (NFC, n=46) explanted human hearts. Clinical phenotyping was complemented with comprehensive assessment of myocardial remodeling and mitochondrial functional profiles, including metabolic and oxidative stress. Myocardial iron status was further investigated by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Myocardial iron content in the left ventricle was lower in HF versus NFC (121.4 [88.1–150.3] versus 137.4 [109.2–165.9] μg/g dry weight), which was absent in the right ventricle. With a priori cutoff of 86.1 μg/g d.w. in left ventricle, we identified 23% of HF patients with MID (HF‐MID) associated with higher NYHA class and worsened left ventricle function. Respiratory chain and Krebs cycle enzymatic activities were suppressed and strongly correlated with depleted iron stores in HF‐MID hearts. Defenses against oxidative stress were severely impaired in association with worsened adverse remodeling in iron‐deficient hearts. Mechanistically, iron uptake pathways were impeded in HF‐MID including decreased translocation to the sarcolemma, while transmembrane fraction of ferroportin positively correlated with MID. Cardiac magnetic resonance with T2* effectively captured myocardial iron levels in failing hearts. Conclusions MID is highly prevalent in advanced human HF and exacerbates pathological remodeling in HF driven primarily by dysfunctional mitochondria and increased oxidative stress in the left ventricle. Cardiac magnetic resonance demonstrates clinical potential to non‐invasively monitor MID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and DentistryEdmonton Alberta Canada.,Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - K Lockhart Jamieson
- Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine and DentistryEdmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Justin Grenier
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Alberta Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Medicine and DentistryEdmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Anish Nikhanj
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and DentistryEdmonton Alberta Canada.,Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Zeyu Tang
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and DentistryEdmonton Alberta Canada.,Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Faqi Wang
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and DentistryEdmonton Alberta Canada.,Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Alberta Canada.,Division of Cardiac Surgery Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | | | - Christine E Seidman
- Department of Genetics Harvard Medical School Boston MA.,Cardiovascular Division Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA
| | - Richard Thompson
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Alberta Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Medicine and DentistryEdmonton Alberta Canada
| | - John M Seubert
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Alberta Canada.,Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine and DentistryEdmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Gavin Y Oudit
- Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and DentistryEdmonton Alberta Canada.,Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Alberta Canada
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17
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Bamberger C, Diedrich J, Martìnez-Bartholomé S, Yates JR. Cancer Conformational Landscape Shapes Tumorigenesis. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:1017-1028. [PMID: 35271278 PMCID: PMC9653087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
During tumorigenesis, DNA mutations in protein coding sequences can alter amino acid sequences which can change the structures of proteins. While the 3D structure of mutated proteins has been studied with atomic resolution, the precise impact of somatic mutations on the 3D proteome during malignant transformation remains unknown because methods to reveal in vivo protein structures in high throughput are limited. Here, we measured the accessibility of the lysine ε-amine for chemical modification across proteomes using covalent protein painting (CPP) to indirectly determine alterations in the 3D proteome. CPP is a novel, high-throughput quantitative mass spectrometric method that surveyed a total of 8052 lysine sites across the 60 cell lines of the well-studied anticancer cell line panel (NCI60). Overall, 5.2 structural alterations differentiated any cancer cell line from the other 59. Structural aberrations in 98 effector proteins correlated with the selected presence of 90 commonly mutated proteins in the NCI60 cell line panel, suggesting that different tumor genotypes reshape a limited set of effector proteins. We searched our dataset for druggable conformational aberrations and identified 49 changes in the cancer conformational landscape that correlated with the growth inhibition profiles of 300 drug candidates out of 50,000 small molecules. We found that alterations in heat shock proteins are key predictors of anticancer drug efficacy, which implies that the proteostasis network may have a general but hitherto unrecognized role in maintaining malignancy. Individual lysine sites may serve as biomarkers to guide drug selection or may be directly targeted for anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casimir Bamberger
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jolene Diedrich
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Salvador Martìnez-Bartholomé
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - John R. Yates
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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18
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Khomtchouk BB, Lee YS, Khan ML, Sun P, Mero D, Davidson MH. Targeting the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix in cardiovascular disease drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2022; 17:443-460. [PMID: 35258387 PMCID: PMC9050939 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2022.2047645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Currently, cardiovascular disease (CVD) drug discovery has focused primarily on addressing the inflammation and immunopathology aspects inherent to various CVD phenotypes such as cardiac fibrosis and coronary artery disease. However, recent findings suggest new biological pathways for cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix (ECM) regulation across diverse CVDs, such as the roles of matricellular proteins (e.g. tenascin-C) in regulating the cellular microenvironment. The success of anti-inflammatory drugs like colchicine, which targets microtubule polymerization, further suggests that the cardiac cytoskeleton and ECM provide prospective therapeutic opportunities. AREAS COVERED Potential therapeutic targets include proteins such as gelsolin and calponin 2, which play pivotal roles in plaque development. This review focuses on the dynamic role that the cytoskeleton and ECM play in CVD pathophysiology, highlighting how novel target discovery in cytoskeletal and ECM-related genes may enable therapeutics development to alter the regulation of cellular architecture in plaque formation and rupture, cardiac contractility, and other molecular mechanisms. EXPERT OPINION Further research into the cardiac cytoskeleton and its associated ECM proteins is an area ripe for novel target discovery. Furthermore, the structural connection between the cytoskeleton and the ECM provides an opportunity to evaluate both entities as sources of potential therapeutic targets for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohdan B Khomtchouk
- Department of Medicine, Section of Computational Biomedicine and Biomedical Data Science, Institute for Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yoon Seo Lee
- The College of the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maha L Khan
- The College of the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Patrick Sun
- The College of the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Michael H Davidson
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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19
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Gomes KP, Jadli AS, de Almeida LGN, Ballasy NN, Edalat P, Shandilya R, Young D, Belke D, Shearer J, Dufour A, Patel VB. Proteomic Analysis Suggests Altered Mitochondrial Metabolic Profile Associated With Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:791700. [PMID: 35310970 PMCID: PMC8924072 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.791700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM) occurs independently of cardiovascular diseases or hypertension, leading to heart failure and increased risk for death in diabetic patients. To investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in DbCM, we performed a quantitative proteomic profiling analysis in the left ventricle (LV) of type 2 diabetic mice. Six-month-old C57BL/6J-lepr/lepr (db/db) mice exhibited DbCM associated with diastolic dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy. Using quantitative shotgun proteomic analysis, we identified 53 differentially expressed proteins in the LVs of db/db mice, majorly associated with the regulation of energy metabolism. The subunits of ATP synthase that form the F1 domain, and Cytochrome c1, a catalytic core subunit of the complex III primarily responsible for electron transfer to Cytochrome c, were upregulated in diabetic LVs. Upregulation of these key proteins may represent an adaptive mechanism by diabetic heart, resulting in increased electron transfer and thereby enhancement of mitochondrial ATP production. Conversely, diabetic LVs also showed a decrease in peptide levels of NADH dehydrogenase 1β subcomplex subunit 11, a subunit of complex I that catalyzes the transfer of electrons to ubiquinone. Moreover, the atypical kinase COQ8A, an essential lipid-soluble electron transporter involved in the biosynthesis of ubiquinone, was also downregulated in diabetic LVs. Our study indicates that despite attempts by hearts from diabetic mice to augment mitochondrial ATP energetics, decreased levels of key components of the electron transport chain may contribute to impaired mitochondrial ATP production. Preserved basal mitochondrial respiration along with the markedly reduced maximal respiratory capacity in the LVs of db/db mice corroborate the association between altered mitochondrial metabolic profile and cardiac dysfunction in DbCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina P. Gomes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Anshul S. Jadli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Luiz G. N. de Almeida
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Noura N. Ballasy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Pariya Edalat
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ruchita Shandilya
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Daniel Young
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Darrell Belke
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jane Shearer
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Antoine Dufour
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Vaibhav B. Patel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
- *Correspondence: Vaibhav B. Patel ;
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20
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Picchio V, Bordin A, Floris E, Cozzolino C, Dhori X, Peruzzi M, Frati G, De Falco E, Pagano F, Chimenti I. The dynamic facets of the cardiac stroma: from classical markers to omics and translational perspectives. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:1172-1187. [PMID: 35273721 PMCID: PMC8902528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac stromal cells have been long underestimated in their functions in homeostasis and repair. Recent evidence has changed this perspective in that many more players and facets than just "cardiac fibroblasts" have entered the field. Single cell transcriptomic studies on cardiac interstitial cells have shed light on the phenotypic plasticity of the stroma, whose transcriptional profile is dynamically regulated in homeostatic conditions and in response to external stimuli. Different populations and/or functional states that appear in homeostasis and pathology have been described, particularly increasing the complexity of studying the cardiac response to injury. In this review, we outline current phenotypical and molecular markers, and the approaches developed for identifying and classifying cardiac stromal cells. Significant advances in our understanding of cardiac stromal populations will provide a deeper knowledge on myocardial functional cellular components, as well as a platform for future developments of novel therapeutic strategies to counteract cardiac fibrosis and adverse cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Picchio
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
| | - Antonella Bordin
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
| | - Erica Floris
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
| | - Claudia Cozzolino
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
| | - Xhulio Dhori
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
| | - Mariangela Peruzzi
- Mediterranea CardiocentroNapoli, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Internal Medicine, Anaesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
- IRCCS NeuromedPozzilli, Italy
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
- Mediterranea CardiocentroNapoli, Italy
| | - Francesca Pagano
- Biochemistry and Cellular Biology Institute, CNRMonterotondo, Italy
| | - Isotta Chimenti
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of RomeItaly
- Mediterranea CardiocentroNapoli, Italy
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21
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Transcriptomic Signatures of End-Stage Human Dilated Cardiomyopathy Hearts with and without Left Ventricular Assist Device Support. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042050. [PMID: 35216165 PMCID: PMC8878549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) use in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) can lead to a differential response in the LV and right ventricle (RV), and RV failure remains the most common complication post-LVAD insertion. We assessed transcriptomic signatures in end-stage DCM, and evaluated changes in gene expression (mRNA) and regulation (microRNA/miRNA) following LVAD. LV and RV free-wall tissues were collected from end-stage DCM hearts with (n = 8) and without LVAD (n = 8). Non-failing control tissues were collected from donated hearts (n = 6). Gene expression (for mRNAs/miRNAs) was determined using microarrays. Our results demonstrate that immune response, oxygen homeostasis, and cellular physiological processes were the most enriched pathways among differentially expressed genes in both ventricles of end-stage DCM hearts. LV genes involved in circadian rhythm, muscle contraction, cellular hypertrophy, and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling were differentially expressed. In the RV, genes related to the apelin signalling pathway were affected. Following LVAD use, immune response genes improved in both ventricles; oxygen homeostasis and ECM remodelling genes improved in the LV and, four miRNAs normalized. We conclude that LVAD reduced the expression and induced additional transcriptomic changes of various mRNAs and miRNAs as an integral component of the reverse ventricular remodelling in a chamber-specific manner.
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22
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Marcazzan S, Braz Carvalho MJ, Konrad M, Strangmann J, Tenditnaya A, Baumeister T, Schmid RM, Wester HJ, Ntziachristos V, Gorpas D, Wang TC, Schottelius M, Quante M. CXCR4 peptide-based fluorescence endoscopy in a mouse model of Barrett's esophagus. EJNMMI Res 2022; 12:2. [PMID: 35006394 PMCID: PMC8748556 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-021-00875-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging has been emerging as a promising strategy to overcome the high number of early esophageal adenocarcinomas missed by white light endoscopy and random biopsy collection. We performed a preclinical assessment of fluorescence imaging and endoscopy using a novel CXCR4-targeted fluorescent peptide ligand in the L2-IL1B mouse model of Barrett’s esophagus. Methods Six L2-IL1B mice with advanced stage of disease (12–16 months old) were injected with the CXCR4-targeted, Sulfo-Cy5-labeled peptide (MK007), and ex vivo wide-field imaging of the whole stomach was performed 4 h after injection. Before ex vivo imaging, fluorescence endoscopy was performed in three L2-IL1B mice (12–14 months old) by a novel imaging system with two L2-IL1B mice used as negative controls. Results Ex vivo imaging and endoscopy in L2-IL1B mice showed that the CXCR4-targeted MK007 accumulated mostly in the dysplastic lesions with a mean target-to-background ratio > 2. The detection of the Sulfo-Cy5 signal in dysplastic lesions and its co-localization with CXCR4 stained cells by confocal microscopy further confirmed the imaging results. Conclusions This preliminary preclinical study shows that CXCR4-targeted fluorescence endoscopy using MK007 can detect dysplastic lesions in a mouse model of Barrett’s esophagus. Further investigations are needed to assess its use in the clinical setting. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13550-021-00875-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Marcazzan
- II Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Chair of Biological Imaging, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Viral Immunotherapy of Cancer, Medical University of Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr-Straße 4b, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marcos J Braz Carvalho
- II Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Konrad
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Radiochemie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Strangmann
- II Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinik Freiburg, Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Anna Tenditnaya
- Chair of Biological Imaging, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Theresa Baumeister
- II Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland M Schmid
- II Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Wester
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Radiochemie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Chair of Biological Imaging, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dimitris Gorpas
- Chair of Biological Imaging, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margret Schottelius
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Radiochemie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Translational Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Quante
- II Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. .,Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinik Freiburg, Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
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23
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Illescas M, Peñas A, Arenas J, Martín MA, Ugalde C. Regulation of Mitochondrial Function by the Actin Cytoskeleton. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:795838. [PMID: 34993202 PMCID: PMC8725978 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.795838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulatory role of actin cytoskeleton on mitochondrial function is a growing research field, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Specific actin-binding proteins (ABPs), such as Gelsolin, have also been shown to participate in the pathophysiology of mitochondrial OXPHOS disorders through yet to be defined mechanisms. In this mini-review, we will summarize the experimental evidence supporting the fundamental roles of actin cytoskeleton and ABPs on mitochondrial trafficking, dynamics, biogenesis, metabolism and apoptosis, with a particular focus on Gelsolin involvement in mitochondrial disorders. The functional interplay between the actin cytoskeleton, ABPs and mitochondrial membranes for the regulation of cellular homeostasis thus emerges as a new exciting field for future research and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Illescas
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Peñas
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Arenas
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martín
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Ugalde
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
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24
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Kalyan G, Junghare V, Khan MF, Pal S, Bhattacharya S, Guha S, Majumder K, Chakrabarty S, Hazra S. Anti-hypertensive Peptide Predictor: A Machine Learning-Empowered Web Server for Prediction of Food-Derived Peptides with Potential Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-I Inhibitory Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14995-15004. [PMID: 34855377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin converting enzyme-I (ACE-I) is a key therapeutic target of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), the central pathway of blood pressure regulation. Food-derived peptides with ACE-I inhibitory activities are receiving significant research attention. However, identification of ACE-I inhibitory peptides from different food proteins is a labor-intensive, lengthy, and expensive process. For successful identification of potential ACE-I inhibitory peptides from food sources, a machine learning and structural bioinformatics-based web server has been developed and reported in this study. The web server can take input in the FASTA format or through UniProt ID to perform the in silico gastrointestinal digestion and then screen the resulting peptides for ACE-I inhibitory activity. This unique platform provides elaborated structural and functional features of the active peptides and their interaction with ACE-I. Thus, it can potentially enhance the efficacy and reduce the time and cost in identifying and characterizing novel ACE-I inhibitory peptides from food proteins. URL: http://hazralab.iitr.ac.in/ahpp/index.php.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gazal Kalyan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Vivek Junghare
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Mohammad Farhan Khan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Shivam Pal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Sourya Bhattacharya
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Snigdha Guha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Kaustav Majumder
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Sohom Chakrabarty
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Saugata Hazra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
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25
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Lim KRQ, Shah MNA, Woo S, Wilton-Clark H, Zhabyeyev P, Wang F, Maruyama R, Oudit GY, Yokota T. Natural History of a Mouse Model Overexpressing the Dp71 Dystrophin Isoform. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312617. [PMID: 34884423 PMCID: PMC8657860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystrophin is a 427 kDa protein that stabilizes muscle cell membranes through interactions with the cytoskeleton and various membrane-associated proteins. Loss of dystrophin as in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) causes progressive skeletal muscle weakness and cardiac dysfunction. Multiple promoters along the dystrophin gene (DMD) give rise to a number of shorter isoforms. Of interest is Dp71, a 71 kDa isoform implicated in DMD pathology by various animal and patient studies. Strong evidence supporting such a role for Dp71, however, is lacking. Here, we use del52;WT mice to understand how Dp71 overexpression affects skeletal and cardiac muscle phenotypes. Apart from the mouse Dmd gene, del52;WT mice are heterozygous for a full-length, exon 52-deleted human DMD transgene expected to only permit Dp71 expression in muscle. Thus, del52;WT mice overexpress Dp71 through both the human and murine dystrophin genes. We observed elevated Dp71 protein in del52;WT mice, significantly higher than wild-type in the heart but not the tibialis anterior. Moreover, del52;WT mice had generally normal skeletal muscle but impaired cardiac function, exhibiting significant systolic dysfunction as early as 3 months. No histological abnormalities were found in the tibialis anterior and heart. Our results suggest that Dp71 overexpression may have more detrimental effects on the heart than on skeletal muscles, providing insight into the role of Dp71 in DMD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Rowel Q. Lim
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada; (K.R.Q.L.); (M.N.A.S.); (S.W.); (H.W.-C.); (R.M.)
| | - Md Nur Ahad Shah
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada; (K.R.Q.L.); (M.N.A.S.); (S.W.); (H.W.-C.); (R.M.)
| | - Stanley Woo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada; (K.R.Q.L.); (M.N.A.S.); (S.W.); (H.W.-C.); (R.M.)
| | - Harry Wilton-Clark
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada; (K.R.Q.L.); (M.N.A.S.); (S.W.); (H.W.-C.); (R.M.)
| | - Pavel Zhabyeyev
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2G3, Canada; (P.Z.); (F.W.)
| | - Faqi Wang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2G3, Canada; (P.Z.); (F.W.)
| | - Rika Maruyama
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada; (K.R.Q.L.); (M.N.A.S.); (S.W.); (H.W.-C.); (R.M.)
| | - Gavin Y. Oudit
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2G3, Canada; (P.Z.); (F.W.)
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2B7, Canada
- Correspondence: (G.Y.O.); (T.Y.)
| | - Toshifumi Yokota
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada; (K.R.Q.L.); (M.N.A.S.); (S.W.); (H.W.-C.); (R.M.)
- Muscular Dystrophy Canada Research Chair, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada
- Correspondence: (G.Y.O.); (T.Y.)
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26
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Gammons J, Halpage J, Mancarella S. Mapping the Proximity Interaction Network of STIM1 Reveals New Mechanisms of Cytoskeletal Regulation. Cells 2021; 10:2701. [PMID: 34685680 PMCID: PMC8535089 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) resides primarily in the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum, where it senses intraluminal Ca2+ levels and activates Orai channels on the plasma membrane to initiate Ca2+ influx. We have previously shown that STIM1 is involved in the dynamic remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. However, the downstream effectors of STIM1 that lead to cytoskeletal remodeling are not known. The proximity-labeling technique (BioID) can capture weak and transient protein-protein interactions, including proteins that reside in the close vicinity of the bait, but that may not be direct binders. Hence, in the present study, we investigated the STIM1 interactome using the BioID technique. A promiscuous biotin ligase was fused to the cytoplasmic C-terminus of STIM1 and was stably expressed in a mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cell line. Screening of biotinylated proteins identified several high confidence targets. Here, we report Gelsolin (GSN) as a new member of the STIM1 interactome. GSN is a Ca2+-dependent actin-severing protein that promotes actin filament assembly and disassembly. Results were validated using knockdown approaches and immunostaining. We tested our results in neonatal cardiomyocytes where STIM1 overexpression induced altered actin dynamics and cytoskeletal instability. This is the first time that BioID assay was used to investigate the STIM1 interactome. Our work highlights the role of STIM1/GSN in the structure and function of the cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Salvatore Mancarella
- Health Sciences Center, Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; (J.G.); (J.H.)
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27
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Vanhaesebroeck B, Perry MWD, Brown JR, André F, Okkenhaug K. PI3K inhibitors are finally coming of age. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 20:741-769. [PMID: 34127844 PMCID: PMC9297732 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00209-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Overactive phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) in cancer and immune dysregulation has spurred extensive efforts to develop therapeutic PI3K inhibitors. Although progress has been hampered by issues such as poor drug tolerance and drug resistance, several PI3K inhibitors have now received regulatory approval - the PI3Kα isoform-selective inhibitor alpelisib for the treatment of breast cancer and inhibitors mainly aimed at the leukocyte-enriched PI3Kδ in B cell malignancies. In addition to targeting cancer cell-intrinsic PI3K activity, emerging evidence highlights the potential of PI3K inhibitors in cancer immunotherapy. This Review summarizes key discoveries that aid the clinical translation of PI3Kα and PI3Kδ inhibitors, highlighting lessons learnt and future opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew W D Perry
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jennifer R Brown
- CLL Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fabrice André
- Institut Gustave Roussy, INSERM U981, Université Paris Saclay, Paris, France
| | - Klaus Okkenhaug
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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28
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Jana S, Aujla P, Hu M, Kilic T, Zhabyeyev P, McCulloch CA, Oudit GY, Kassiri Z. Gelsolin is an important mediator of Angiotensin II-induced activation of cardiac fibroblasts and fibrosis. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21932. [PMID: 34549830 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100038rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis is a characteristic of various cardiomyopathies, and myocardial fibroblasts play a central role in this process. Gelsolin (GSN) is an actin severing and capping protein that regulates actin assembly and may be involved in fibroblast activation. While the role of GSN in mechanical stress-mediated cardiac fibrosis has been explored, its role in myocardial fibrosis in the absence of mechanical stress is not defined. In this study, we investigated the role of GSN in myocardial fibrosis induced by Angiotensin II (Ang II), a profibrotic hormone that is elevated in cardiovascular disease. We utilized mice lacking GSN (Gsn-/- ) and cultured primary adult cardiac fibroblasts (cFB). In vivo, Ang II infusion in mice resulted in significantly less severe myocardial fibrosis in Gsn-/- compared with Gsn+/+ mice, along with diminished activation of the TGFβ1-Smad2/3 pathway, and reduced expression of cardiac extracellular matrix proteins (collagen, fibronectin, periostin). Moreover, Gsn-deficient hearts exhibited suppressed activity of the AMPK pathway and its downstream effectors, mTOR and P70S6Kinase, which could contribute to the suppressed TGFβ1 activity. In vitro, the Ang II-induced activation of cFBs was reduced in Gsn-deficient fibroblasts evident from decreased expression of αSMA and periostin, diminished actin filament turnover; which also exhibited reduced activity of the AMPK-mTOR pathway, and P70S6K phosphorylation. AMPK inhibition compensated for the loss of GSN, restored the levels of G-actin in Gsn-/- cFBs and promoted activation to myofibroblasts by increasing αSMA and periostin levels. This study reveals a novel role for GSN in mediating myocardial fibrosis by regulating the AMPK-mTOR-P70S6K pathway in cFB activation independent from mechanical stress-induced factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Jana
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Preetinder Aujla
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mei Hu
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tolga Kilic
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Pavel Zhabyeyev
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Gavin Y Oudit
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medicine/Division of Cardiology, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zamaneh Kassiri
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Chen X, Zhabyeyev P, Azad AK, Vanhaesebroeck B, Grueter CE, Murray AG, Kassiri Z, Oudit GY. Pharmacological and cell-specific genetic PI3Kα inhibition worsens cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 157:17-30. [PMID: 33887328 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PI3Kα (Phosphoinositide 3-kinase α) regulates multiple downstream signaling pathways controlling cell survival, growth, and proliferation and is an attractive therapeutic target in cancer and obesity. The clinically-approved PI3Kα inhibitor, BYL719, is in further clinical trials for cancer and overgrowth syndrome. However, the potential impact of PI3Kα inhibition on the heart and following myocardial infarction (MI) is unclear. We aim to determine whether PI3Kα inhibition affects cardiac physiology and post-MI remodeling and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS Wildtype (WT) 12-wk old male mice receiving BYL719 (daily, p.o.) for 10 days showed reduction in left ventricular longitudinal strain with normal ejection fraction, weight loss, mild cardiac atrophy, body composition alteration, and prolonged QTC interval. RNASeq analysis showed gene expression changes in multiple pathways including extracellular matrix remodeling and signaling complexes. After MI, both p110α and phospho-Akt protein levels were increased in human and mouse hearts. Pharmacological PI3Kα inhibition aggravated cardiac dysfunction and resulted in adverse post-MI remodeling, with increased apoptosis, elevated inflammation, suppressed hypertrophy, decreased coronary blood vessel density, and inhibited Akt/GSK3β/eNOS signaling. Selective genetic ablation of PI3Kα in endothelial cells was associated with worsened post-MI cardiac function and reduced coronary blood vessel density. In vitro, BYL719 suppressed Akt/eNOS activation, cell viability, proliferation, and angiogenic sprouting in coronary and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Cardiomyocyte-specific genetic PI3Kα ablation resulted in mild cardiac systolic dysfunction at baseline. After MI, cardiac function markedly deteriorated with increased mortality concordant with greater apoptosis and reduced hypertrophy. In isolated adult mouse cardiomyocytes, BYL719 decreased hypoxia-associated activation of Akt/GSK3β signaling and cell survival. CONCLUSIONS PI3Kα is required for cell survival (endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes) hypertrophic response, and angiogenesis to maintain cardiac function after MI. Therefore, PI3Kα inhibition that is used as anti-cancer treatment, can be cardiotoxic, especially after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyi Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Pavel Zhabyeyev
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Abul K Azad
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Chad E Grueter
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Francois M. Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Allan G Murray
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Zamaneh Kassiri
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Gavin Y Oudit
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
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30
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Ziegler R, Häusermann F, Kirchner S, Polonchuk L. Cardiac Safety of Kinase Inhibitors - Improving Understanding and Prediction of Liabilities in Drug Discovery Using Human Stem Cell-Derived Models. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:639824. [PMID: 34222360 PMCID: PMC8242589 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.639824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many small molecule kinase inhibitors (SMKIs) used to fight cancer have been associated with cardiotoxicity in the clinic. Therefore, preventing their failure in clinical development is a priority for preclinical discovery. Our study focused on the integration and concurrent measurement of ATP, apoptosis dynamics and functional cardiac indexes in human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hSC-CMs) to provide further insights into molecular determinants of compromised cardiac function. Ten out of the fourteen tested SMKIs resulted in a biologically relevant decrease in either beating rate or base impedance (cell number index), illustrating cardiotoxicity as one of the major safety liabilities of SMKIs, in particular of those involved in the PI3K–AKT pathway. Pearson's correlation analysis indicated a good correlation between the different read-outs of functional importance. Therefore, measurement of ATP concentrations and apoptosis in vitro could provide important insight into mechanisms of cardiotoxicity. Detailed investigation of the cellular signals facilitated multi-parameter evaluation allowing integrative assessment of cardiomyocyte behavior. The resulting correlation can be used as a tool to highlight changes in cardiac function and potentially to categorize drugs based on their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricarda Ziegler
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Häusermann
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Kirchner
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Liudmila Polonchuk
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
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31
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Di-Luoffo M, Ben-Meriem Z, Lefebvre P, Delarue M, Guillermet-Guibert J. PI3K functions as a hub in mechanotransduction. Trends Biochem Sci 2021; 46:878-888. [PMID: 34112586 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian cells integrate different types of stimuli that govern their fate. These stimuli encompass biochemical as well as biomechanical cues (shear, tensile, and compressive stresses) that are usually studied separately. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) enzymes, producing signaling phosphoinositides at plasma and intracellular membranes, are key in intracellular signaling and vesicular trafficking pathways. Recent evidence in cancer research demonstrates that these enzymes are essential in mechanotransduction. Despite this, the importance of the integration of biomechanical cues and PI3K-driven biochemical signals is underestimated. In this opinion article, we make the hypothesis that modeling of biomechanical cues is critical to understand PI3K oncogenicity. We also identify known/missing knowledge in terms of isoform specificity and molecular pathways of activation, knowledge that is needed for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Di-Luoffo
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U5071, Toulouse, France; Laboratoire D'analyse et D'architectures Des Systems (LAAS)-CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Toulouse, France
| | - Z Ben-Meriem
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U5071, Toulouse, France; Laboratoire D'analyse et D'architectures Des Systems (LAAS)-CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Toulouse, France
| | - P Lefebvre
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U5071, Toulouse, France; Laboratoire D'analyse et D'architectures Des Systems (LAAS)-CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Toulouse, France
| | - M Delarue
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U5071, Toulouse, France; Laboratoire D'analyse et D'architectures Des Systems (LAAS)-CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), Toulouse, France
| | - J Guillermet-Guibert
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1037, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) U5071, Toulouse, France; TouCAN (Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer), Toulouse, France.
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32
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Deng X, Zuo M, Pei Z, Xie Y, Yang Z, Zhang Z, Jiang M, Kuang D. MicroRNA-455-5p Contributes to Cholangiocarcinoma Growth and Mediates Galangin's Anti-Tumor Effects. J Cancer 2021; 12:4710-4721. [PMID: 34149934 PMCID: PMC8210562 DOI: 10.7150/jca.58873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fully understanding the mechanism of how Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) development and discovering promising therapeutic drugs are important to improve patients' survival time. This study identifies that microRNA-455-5p (miR-455-5p) targets protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12A (PPP1R12A), an effect that represses mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and PI3K/AKT pathway activation, thereby controlling CCA cells survival and metastasis. Moreover, miR-455-5p expression is reduced in CCA tissues and negative correlation with PPP1R12A and PPP1R12A knockdown phenotypic mimics miR-455-5p' effects on CCA cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that galangin inhibits CCA growth both in vitro and in vivo, which is associated with increased miR-455-5p and repressed PPP1R12A expression. In support, overexpression of miR-455-5p abrogates those galangin-mediated anti-CCA effects. These findings establish an essential role of miR-455-5p in CCA development and galangin may provide a potential therapeutic adjuvant agent for anti-CCA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Deng
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Meiling Zuo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhifang Pei
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanlin Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhongbao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Minna Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dabin Kuang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changsha Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Serum biomarker discovery related to pathogenesis in acute coronary syndrome by proteomic approach. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:228672. [PMID: 34002800 PMCID: PMC8182988 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20210344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) results from inadequate supply of blood flow from the coronary arteries to the heart or ischemia. ACS has an extremely high morbidity and mortality. The levels of biomarkers currently used for detection of ACS also increase in response to myocardial necrosis and other diseases and are not elevated immediately after symptoms appear, thus limiting their diagnostic capacity. Therefore, we aimed to discover new ACS diagnostic biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity that are specifically related to ACS pathogenesis. Sera from 50 patients with ACS and healthy controls (discovery cohort) each were analyzed using mass spectrometry (MS) to identify differentially expressed proteins, and protein candidates were evaluated as ACS biomarkers in 120 people in each group (validation cohort). α-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (AGP1), complement C5 (C5), leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein (LRG), and vitronectin (VN) were identified as biomarkers whose levels increase and gelsolin (GSN) as a biomarker whose levels decrease in patients with ACS. We concluded that these biomarkers are associated with the pathogenesis of ACS and can predict the onset of ACS prior to the appearance of necrotic biomarkers.
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Luo LF, Qin LY, Wang JX, Guan P, Wang N, Ji ES. Astragaloside IV Attenuates the Myocardial Injury Caused by Adriamycin by Inhibiting Autophagy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:669782. [PMID: 34108879 PMCID: PMC8184095 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.669782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (ASIV) is the main active component of Astragalus, and can ameliorate cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, apoptosis and fibrosis. In this experiment, we studied how ASIV reduces the cardiotoxicity caused by adriamycin and protects the heart. To this end, rats were randomly divided into the control, ADR, ADR + ASIV and ASIV groups (n = 6). Echocardiography was used to observe cardiac function, HE staining was used to observe myocardial injury, TUNEL staining was used to observe myocardial cell apoptosis, and immunofluorescence and Western blotting was used to observe relevant proteins expression. Experiments have shown that adriamycin can damage heart function in rats, and increase the cell apoptosis index, autophagy level and oxidative stress level. Further results showed that ADR can inhibit the PI3K/Akt pathway. ASIV treatment can significantly improve the cardiac function of rats treated with ADR and regulate autophagy, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Our findings indicate that ASIV may reduce the heart damage caused by adriamycin by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Fei Luo
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lu-Yun Qin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jian-Xin Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Peng Guan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - En-Sheng Ji
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
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Bhattacharya S, Nautiyal AK, Bhattacharjee R, Padhi AK, Junghare V, Bhambri M, Dasgupta D, Zhang KYJ, Ghosh D, Hazra S. A comprehensive characterization of novel CYP-BM3 homolog (CYP-BA) from Bacillus aryabhattai. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 148:109806. [PMID: 34116765 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Functionalizing C-H bond poses one of the most significant challenges for chemists providing them with very few substrate-specific synthetic routes. Despite being incredibly plastic in their enzymatic ability, they are confined with deficient enzymatic action and limited explicitness of the substrates. In this study, we have endeavored to characterize novel cytochrome P450 from Bacillus aryabhattai (CYP-BA), a homolog of CYP P450-BM3, by taking interdisciplinary approaches. We conducted structure and sequence comparison to understand the conservation pattern for active site residues, conserved fold, evolutionary relationships among others. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to understand the dynamic nature and interaction with the substrates. CYP-BA was successfully cloned, purified, and characterized. The enzyme's stability toward various physicochemical parameters was evaluated by UV-vis spectroscopy and Circular Dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Various saturated fatty acids being the natural cytochrome P450 substrates were evaluated as catalytic efficiency of substrate oxidation by CYP-BA. The binding affinity of these natural substrates was monitored against CYP-BA by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The catalytic performance of CYP-BA was satisfactory enough to proceed to the next step, that is, engineering to expand the substrate range to include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). This is the first evidence of cloning, purifying and characterizing a novel homolog of CYP-BM3 to enable a better understanding of this novel biocatalyst and to provide a platform toward expanding its catalytic process through enzyme engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourya Bhattacharya
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Abhilek K Nautiyal
- Material Resource Efficiency Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Mohkampur, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Mohkampur, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248005, India
| | - Rajanya Bhattacharjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Aditya K Padhi
- Laboratory for Structural Bioinformatics, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Vivek Junghare
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Muskaan Bhambri
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
| | - Diptarka Dasgupta
- Material Resource Efficiency Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Mohkampur, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Mohkampur, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248005, India
| | - Kam Y J Zhang
- Laboratory for Structural Bioinformatics, Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Debasish Ghosh
- Material Resource Efficiency Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Mohkampur, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Mohkampur, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248005, India
| | - Saugata Hazra
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India; Center of Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India.
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Weeks KL, Tham YK, Yildiz SG, Alexander Y, Donner DG, Kiriazis H, Harmawan CA, Hsu A, Bernardo BC, Matsumoto A, DePinho RA, Abel ED, Woodcock EA, McMullen JR. FoxO1 is required for physiological cardiac hypertrophy induced by exercise but not by constitutively active PI3K. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1470-H1485. [PMID: 33577435 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00838.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110α (PI3K) are critical regulators of exercise-induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy and provide protection in experimental models of pathological remodeling and heart failure. Forkhead box class O1 (FoxO1) is a transcription factor that regulates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy downstream of IGF1R/PI3K activation in vitro, but its role in physiological hypertrophy in vivo was unknown. We generated cardiomyocyte-specific FoxO1 knockout (cKO) mice and assessed the phenotype under basal conditions and settings of physiological hypertrophy induced by 1) swim training or 2) cardiac-specific transgenic expression of constitutively active PI3K (caPI3KTg+). Under basal conditions, male and female cKO mice displayed mild interstitial fibrosis compared with control (CON) littermates, but no other signs of cardiac pathology were present. In response to exercise training, female CON mice displayed an increase (∼21%) in heart weight normalized to tibia length vs. untrained mice. Exercise-induced hypertrophy was blunted in cKO mice. Exercise increased cardiac Akt phosphorylation and IGF1R expression but was comparable between genotypes. However, differences in Foxo3a, Hsp70, and autophagy markers were identified in hearts of exercised cKO mice. Deletion of FoxO1 did not reduce cardiac hypertrophy in male or female caPI3KTg+ mice. Cardiac Akt and FoxO1 protein expressions were significantly reduced in hearts of caPI3KTg+ mice, which may represent a negative feedback mechanism from chronic caPI3K, and negate any further effect of reducing FoxO1 in the cKO. In summary, FoxO1 contributes to exercise-induced hypertrophy. This has important implications when one is considering FoxO1 as a target for treating the diseased heart.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Regulators of exercise-induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy and protection are considered promising targets for the treatment of heart failure. Unlike pathological hypertrophy, the transcriptional regulation of physiological hypertrophy has remained largely elusive. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that the transcription factor FoxO1 is a critical mediator of exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Given that exercise-induced hypertrophy is protective, this finding has important implications when one is considering FoxO1 as a target for treating the diseased heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate L Weeks
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Diabetes Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yow Keat Tham
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Diabetes Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suzan G Yildiz
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yonali Alexander
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel G Donner
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Kiriazis
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Amy Hsu
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bianca C Bernardo
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Diabetes Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aya Matsumoto
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ronald A DePinho
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - E Dale Abel
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | | | - Julie R McMullen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Diabetes Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Physiology and Department of Medicine Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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Cardiovascular toxicity of PI3Kα inhibitors. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 134:2595-2622. [PMID: 33063821 DOI: 10.1042/cs20200302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are a family of intracellular lipid kinases that phosphorylate the 3'-hydroxyl group of inositol membrane lipids, resulting in the production of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate from phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. This results in downstream effects, including cell growth, proliferation, and migration. The heart expresses three PI3K class I enzyme isoforms (α, β, and γ), and these enzymes play a role in cardiac cellular survival, myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial contractility, excitation, and mechanotransduction. The PI3K pathway is associated with various disease processes but is particularly important to human cancers since many gain-of-function mutations in this pathway occur in various cancers. Despite the development, testing, and regulatory approval of PI3K inhibitors in recent years, there are still significant challenges when creating and utilizing these drugs, including concerns of adverse effects on the heart. There is a growing body of evidence from preclinical studies revealing that PI3Ks play a crucial cardioprotective role, and thus inhibition of this pathway could lead to cardiac dysfunction, electrical remodeling, vascular damage, and ultimately, cardiovascular disease. This review will focus on PI3Kα, including the mechanisms underlying the adverse cardiovascular effects resulting from PI3Kα inhibition and the potential clinical implications of treating patients with these drugs, such as increased arrhythmia burden, biventricular cardiac dysfunction, and impaired recovery from cardiotoxicity. Recommendations for future directions for preclinical and clinical work are made, highlighting the possible role of PI3Kα inhibition in the progression of cancer-related cachexia and female sex and pre-existing comorbidities as independent risk factors for cardiac abnormalities after cancer treatment.
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Articular Chondrocyte Phenotype Regulation through the Cytoskeleton and the Signaling Processes That Originate from or Converge on the Cytoskeleton: Towards a Novel Understanding of the Intersection between Actin Dynamics and Chondrogenic Function. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063279. [PMID: 33807043 PMCID: PMC8004672 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have assembled a complex picture, in which extracellular stimuli and intracellular signaling pathways modulate the chondrocyte phenotype. Because many diseases are mechanobiology-related, this review asked to what extent phenotype regulators control chondrocyte function through the cytoskeleton and cytoskeleton-regulating signaling processes. Such information would generate leverage for advanced articular cartilage repair. Serial passaging, pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling (TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8), growth factors (TGF-α), and osteoarthritis not only induce dedifferentiation but also converge on RhoA/ROCK/Rac1/mDia1/mDia2/Cdc42 to promote actin polymerization/crosslinking for stress fiber (SF) formation. SF formation takes center stage in phenotype control, as both SF formation and SOX9 phosphorylation for COL2 expression are ROCK activity-dependent. Explaining how it is molecularly possible that dedifferentiation induces low COL2 expression but high SF formation, this review theorized that, in chondrocyte SOX9, phosphorylation by ROCK might effectively be sidelined in favor of other SF-promoting ROCK substrates, based on a differential ROCK affinity. In turn, actin depolymerization for redifferentiation would “free-up” ROCK to increase COL2 expression. Moreover, the actin cytoskeleton regulates COL1 expression, modulates COL2/aggrecan fragment generation, and mediates a fibrogenic/catabolic expression profile, highlighting that actin dynamics-regulating processes decisively control the chondrocyte phenotype. This suggests modulating the balance between actin polymerization/depolymerization for therapeutically controlling the chondrocyte phenotype.
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Organismal roles for the PI3Kα and β isoforms: their specificity, redundancy or cooperation is context-dependent. Biochem J 2021; 478:1199-1225. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PI3Ks are important lipid kinases that produce phosphoinositides phosphorylated in position 3 of the inositol ring. There are three classes of PI3Ks: class I PI3Ks produce PIP3 at plasma membrane level. Although D. melanogaster and C. elegans have only one form of class I PI3K, vertebrates have four class I PI3Ks called isoforms despite being encoded by four different genes. Hence, duplication of these genes coincides with the acquisition of coordinated multi-organ development. Of the class I PI3Ks, PI3Kα and PI3Kβ, encoded by PIK3CA and PIK3CB, are ubiquitously expressed. They present similar putative protein domains and share PI(4,5)P2 lipid substrate specificity. Fifteen years after publication of their first isoform-selective pharmacological inhibitors and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) that mimic their complete and specific pharmacological inhibition, we review the knowledge gathered in relation to the redundant and selective roles of PI3Kα and PI3Kβ. Recent data suggest that, further to their redundancy, they cooperate for the integration of organ-specific and context-specific signal cues, to orchestrate organ development, physiology, and disease. This knowledge reinforces the importance of isoform-selective inhibitors in clinical settings.
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Understanding the molecular interactions of inhibitors against Bla1 beta-lactamase towards unraveling the mechanism of antimicrobial resistance. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 177:337-350. [PMID: 33582216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the inhibitory potential of various beta-lactamase inhibitors such as mechanism-based inhibitors (MBIs), carbapenems, monobactam, and non-beta-lactam inhibitors against Bla1, a class-A beta-lactamase encoded by Bacillus anthracis. The binding potential of different inhibitors was estimated using competitive kinetic assay, isothermal titration calorimetry, and Biolayer interferometry. We observed that tazobactam has better inhibition among other MBIs with a characteristics inhibition dissociation constant of 0.51 ± 0.13 μM. Avibactam was also identified as good inhibitor with an inhibition efficiency of 0.6 ± 0.04 μM. All the MBIs (KD = 1.90E-04 M, 2.05E-05 M, 3.55E-04 M for clavulanate, sulbactam and tazobactam) showed significantly better binding potential than carbapenems (KD = 1.02E-03 M, 2.74E-03 M, 1.24E-03 M for ertapenem, imipenem and biapenem respectively). Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out using Bla1-inhibitor complexes to understand the dynamics and stability. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was carried out by taking various substrates and inhibitors, and later it was followed by cell viability assay. Together, our study helps develop a proper understanding of Bla1 beta-lactamase and its interaction with inhibitory molecules. This study would facilitate comprehending the catalytic divergence of beta-lactamases and the newly emergent resistant strains, focusing on the new generation of therapeutics being less prone to antimicrobial resistance.
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Krajnik A, Brazzo JA, Vaidyanathan K, Das T, Redondo-Muñoz J, Bae Y. Phosphoinositide Signaling and Mechanotransduction in Cardiovascular Biology and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:595849. [PMID: 33381504 PMCID: PMC7767973 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.595849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositides, which are membrane-bound phospholipids, are critical signaling molecules located at the interface between the extracellular matrix, cell membrane, and cytoskeleton. Phosphoinositides are essential regulators of many biological and cellular processes, including but not limited to cell migration, proliferation, survival, and differentiation, as well as cytoskeletal rearrangements and actin dynamics. Over the years, a multitude of studies have uniquely implicated phosphoinositide signaling as being crucial in cardiovascular biology and a dominant force in the development of cardiovascular disease and its progression. Independently, the cellular transduction of mechanical forces or mechanotransduction in cardiovascular cells is widely accepted to be critical to their homeostasis and can drive aberrant cellular phenotypes and resultant cardiovascular disease. Given the versatility and diversity of phosphoinositide signaling in the cardiovascular system and the dominant regulation of cardiovascular cell functions by mechanotransduction, the molecular mechanistic overlap and extent to which these two major signaling modalities converge in cardiovascular cells remain unclear. In this review, we discuss and synthesize recent findings that rightfully connect phosphoinositide signaling to cellular mechanotransduction in the context of cardiovascular biology and disease, and we specifically focus on phosphatidylinositol-4,5-phosphate, phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-phosphate, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Throughout the review, we discuss how specific phosphoinositide subspecies have been shown to mediate biomechanically sensitive cytoskeletal remodeling in cardiovascular cells. Additionally, we discuss the direct interaction of phosphoinositides with mechanically sensitive membrane-bound ion channels in response to mechanical stimuli. Furthermore, we explore the role of phosphoinositide subspecies in association with critical downstream effectors of mechanical signaling in cardiovascular biology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Krajnik
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Joseph A Brazzo
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Kalyanaraman Vaidyanathan
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Tuhin Das
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Javier Redondo-Muñoz
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Madrid, Spain.,Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Yongho Bae
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
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Vemula V, Huber T, Ušaj M, Bugyi B, Månsson A. Myosin and gelsolin cooperate in actin filament severing and actomyosin motor activity. J Biol Chem 2020; 296:100181. [PMID: 33303625 PMCID: PMC7948409 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Actin is a major intracellular protein with key functions in cellular motility, signaling, and structural rearrangements. Its dynamic behavior, such as polymerization and depolymerization of actin filaments in response to intracellular and extracellular cues, is regulated by an abundance of actin binding proteins. Out of these, gelsolin is one of the most potent for filament severing. However, myosin motor activity also fragments actin filaments through motor-induced forces, suggesting that these two proteins could cooperate to regulate filament dynamics and motility. To test this idea, we used an in vitro motility assay, where actin filaments are propelled by surface-adsorbed heavy meromyosin (HMM) motor fragments. This allows studies of both motility and filament dynamics using isolated proteins. Gelsolin, at both nanomolar and micromolar Ca2+ concentration, appreciably enhanced actin filament severing caused by HMM-induced forces at 1 mM MgATP, an effect that was increased at higher HMM motor density. This finding is consistent with cooperativity between actin filament severing by myosin-induced forces and by gelsolin. We also observed reduced sliding velocity of the HMM-propelled filaments in the presence of gelsolin, providing further support of myosin-gelsolin cooperativity. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy–based single molecule studies corroborated that the velocity reduction was a direct effect of gelsolin binding to the filament and revealed different filament severing pattern of stationary and HMM propelled filaments. Overall, the results corroborate cooperative effects between gelsolin-induced alterations in the actin filaments and changes due to myosin motor activity leading to enhanced F-actin severing of possible physiological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venukumar Vemula
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Tamás Huber
- Department of Biophysics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Marko Ušaj
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Beáta Bugyi
- Department of Biophysics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Alf Månsson
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
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Altered Expression Ratio of Actin-Binding Gelsolin Isoforms Is a Novel Hallmark of Mitochondrial OXPHOS Dysfunction. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091922. [PMID: 32824961 PMCID: PMC7563380 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) defects are the primary cause of inborn errors of energy metabolism. Despite considerable progress on their genetic basis, their global pathophysiological consequences remain undefined. Previous studies reported that OXPHOS dysfunction associated with complex III deficiency exacerbated the expression and mitochondrial location of cytoskeletal gelsolin (GSN) to promote cell survival responses. In humans, besides the cytosolic isoform, GSN presents a plasma isoform secreted to extracellular environments. We analyzed the interplay between both GSN isoforms in human cellular and clinical models of OXPHOS dysfunction. Regardless of its pathogenic origin, OXPHOS dysfunction induced the physiological upregulation of cytosolic GSN in the mitochondria (mGSN), in parallel with a significant downregulation of plasma GSN (pGSN) levels. Consequently, significantly high mGSN-to-pGSN ratios were associated with OXPHOS deficiency both in human cells and blood. In contrast, control cells subjected to hydrogen peroxide or staurosporine treatments showed no correlation between oxidative stress or cell death induction and the altered levels and subcellular location of GSN isoforms, suggesting their specificity for OXPHOS dysfunction. In conclusion, a high mitochondrial-to-plasma GSN ratio represents a useful cellular indicator of OXPHOS defects, with potential use for future research of a wide range of clinical conditions with mitochondrial involvement.
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McLean BA, Patel VB, Zhabyeyev P, Chen X, Basu R, Wang F, Shah S, Vanhaesebroeck B, Oudit GY. PI3Kα Pathway Inhibition With Doxorubicin Treatment Results in Distinct Biventricular Atrophy and Remodeling With Right Ventricular Dysfunction. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 8:e010961. [PMID: 31039672 PMCID: PMC6512135 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.010961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Cancer therapies inhibiting PI3Kα (phosphoinositide 3‐kinase‐α)–dependent growth factor signaling, including trastuzumab inhibition of HER2 (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2), can cause adverse effects on the heart. Direct inhibition of PI3Kα is now in clinical trials, but the effects of PI3Kα pathway inhibition on heart atrophy, remodeling, and function in the context of cancer therapy are not well understood. Method and Results Pharmacological PI3Kα inhibition and heart‐specific genetic deletion of p110α, the catalytic subunit of PI3Kα, was characterized in conjunction with anthracycline (doxorubicin) treatment in female murine models. Biventricular changes in heart morphological characteristics and function were analyzed, with molecular characterization of signaling pathways. Both PI3Kα inhibition and anthracycline therapy promoted heart atrophy and a combined effect of distinct right ventricular dilation, dysfunction, and cardiomyocyte remodeling in the absence of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Congruent findings of right ventricular dilation and dysfunction were seen with pharmacological and genetic suppression of PI3Kα signaling when combined with doxorubicin treatment. Increased p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase activation was mechanistically linked to heart atrophy and correlated with right ventricular dysfunction in explanted failing human hearts. Conclusions The PI3Kα pathway promotes heart atrophy in mice. The right ventricle is specifically at risk for dilation and dysfunction in the setting of PI3K inhibition in conjunction with chemotherapy. Inhibition of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase is a proposed therapeutic target to minimize this mode of cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent A McLean
- 1 Department of Physiology University of Alberta Edmonton Canada.,2 Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Canada
| | - Vaibhav B Patel
- 2 Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Canada.,3 Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Pavel Zhabyeyev
- 2 Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Canada.,3 Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Xueyi Chen
- 2 Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Canada.,3 Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Ratnadeep Basu
- 2 Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Canada.,3 Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Faqi Wang
- 2 Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Canada.,3 Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Saumya Shah
- 2 Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Canada.,3 Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Bart Vanhaesebroeck
- 4 University College London Cancer Institute University College London England
| | - Gavin Y Oudit
- 1 Department of Physiology University of Alberta Edmonton Canada.,2 Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute Edmonton Canada.,3 Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
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Zhabyeyev P, Chen X, Vanhaesebroeck B, Oudit GY. PI3Kα in cardioprotection: Cytoskeleton, late Na + current, and mechanism of arrhythmias. Channels (Austin) 2020; 13:520-532. [PMID: 31790629 PMCID: PMC6930018 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2019.1697127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PI 3-kinase α (PI3Kα) is a lipid kinase that converts phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3). PI3Kα regulates a variety of cellular processes such as nutrient sensing, cell cycle, migration, and others. Heightened activity of PI3Kα in many types of cancer made it a prime oncology drug target, but also raises concerns of possible adverse effects on the heart. Indeed, recent advances in preclinical models demonstrate an important role of PI3Kα in the control of cytoskeletal integrity, Na+ channel activity, cardioprotection, and prevention of arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Zhabyeyev
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Xueyi Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Gavin Y Oudit
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Jana S, Chute M, Hu M, Winkelaar G, Owen CA, Oudit GY, Kassiri Z. ADAM (a Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase) 15 Deficiency Exacerbates Ang II (Angiotensin II)-Induced Aortic Remodeling Leading to Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:1918-1934. [PMID: 32522006 PMCID: PMC7370975 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective: ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase) 15—a membrane-bound metalloprotease from the ADAM (disintegrin and metalloproteinase) family—has been linked to endothelial permeability, inflammation, and metastasis. However, its function in aortic aneurysm has not been explored. We aimed to determine the function of ADAM15 in the pathogenesis of aortic remodeling and aneurysm formation. Approach and Results: Male Adam15-deficient and WT (wild type) mice (10 weeks old), on standard laboratory diet, received Ang II (angiotensin II; 1.5 mg/kg per day) or saline (Alzet pump) for 2 or 4 weeks. Ang II increased ADAM15 in WT aorta, while Adam15-deficiency resulted in abdominal aortic aneurysm characterized by loss of medial smooth muscle cells (SMCs), elastin fragmentation, inflammation, but unaltered Ang II–mediated hypertension. In the abdominal aortic tissue and primary aortic SMCs culture, Adam15 deficiency decreased SMC proliferation, increased apoptosis, and reduced contractile properties along with F-actin depolymerization to G-actin. Ang II triggered a markedly greater increase in THBS (thrombospondin) 1 in Adam15-deficient aorta, primarily the medial layer in vivo, and in aortic SMC in vitro; increased SSH1 (slingshot homolog 1) phosphatase activity and cofilin dephosphorylation that promoted F-actin depolymerization and G-actin accumulation. rhTHBS1 (recombinant THBS1) alone was sufficient to activate the cofilin pathway, increase G-actin, and induce apoptosis of aortic SMCs, confirming the key role of THBS1 in this process. Further, in human abdominal aortic aneurysm specimens, decreased ADAM15 was associated with increased THBS1 levels and loss of medial SMCs. Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate a key role for ADAM15 in abdominal aortic aneurysm through regulating the SMC function, thereby placing ADAM15 in a critical position as a potential therapeutic target for abdominal aortic aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Jana
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (S.J., M.C., M.H., G.Y.O., Z.K.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Michael Chute
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (S.J., M.C., M.H., G.Y.O., Z.K.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Mei Hu
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (S.J., M.C., M.H., G.Y.O., Z.K.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Gerrit Winkelaar
- Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Alberta and Northern Alberta Vascular Center, Grey Nuns Hospital, Edmonton, Canada (G.W.)
| | - Caroline A Owen
- Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (C.A.O.)
| | - Gavin Y Oudit
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (S.J., M.C., M.H., G.Y.O., Z.K.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute (G.Y.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Zamaneh Kassiri
- From the Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center (S.J., M.C., M.H., G.Y.O., Z.K.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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An insight into the complete biophysical and biochemical characterization of novel class A beta-lactamase (Bla1) from Bacillus anthracis. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 145:510-526. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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48
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Durrant TN, Hers I. PI3K inhibitors in thrombosis and cardiovascular disease. Clin Transl Med 2020; 9:8. [PMID: 32002690 PMCID: PMC6992830 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-020-0261-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are lipid kinases that regulate important intracellular signalling and vesicle trafficking events via the generation of 3-phosphoinositides. Comprising eight core isoforms across three classes, the PI3K family displays broad expression and function throughout mammalian tissues, and the (patho)physiological roles of these enzymes in the cardiovascular system present the PI3Ks as potential therapeutic targets in settings such as thrombosis, atherosclerosis and heart failure. This review will discuss the PI3K enzymes and their roles in cardiovascular physiology and disease, with a particular focus on platelet function and thrombosis. The current progress and future potential of targeting the PI3K enzymes for therapeutic benefit in cardiovascular disease will be considered, while the challenges of developing drugs against these master cellular regulators will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom N Durrant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK.
| | - Ingeborg Hers
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
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The structure of N184K amyloidogenic variant of gelsolin highlights the role of the H-bond network for protein stability and aggregation properties. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2019; 49:11-19. [PMID: 31724080 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-019-01409-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the gelsolin protein are responsible for a rare conformational disease known as AGel amyloidosis. Four of these mutations are hosted by the second domain of the protein (G2): D187N/Y, G167R and N184K. The impact of the latter has been so far evaluated only by studies on the isolated G2. Here we report the characterization of full-length gelsolin carrying the N184K mutation and compare the findings with those obtained on the wild type and the other variants. The crystallographic structure of the N184K variant in the Ca2+-free conformation shows remarkable similarities with the wild type protein. Only minimal local rearrangements can be observed and the mutant is as efficient as the wild type in severing filamentous actin. However, the thermal stability of the pathological variant is compromised in the Ca2+-free conditions. These data suggest that the N to K substitution causes a local disruption of the H-bond network in the core of the G2 domain. Such a subtle rearrangement of the connections does not lead to significant conformational changes but severely affects the stability of the protein.
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Su X, Ni H, Jin W, Pan L. Nicotinic acid affects cytoskeleton remodeling via increasing the activity of gelsolin. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2019; 76:415-422. [PMID: 31525283 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Our previous research has demonstrated that nicotinic acid (NA) might suppress the angiogenesis by modulating the expression of angiogenesis factors and promoting the cytoskeleton remodeling. However, the underlying mechanism need to be further elucidated. The intracellular Ca2+ concentration was measured by a [Ca2+ ] detection kit. The F-actin depolymerization was shown by immunofluorescence staining. The protein levels of F-actin and G-actin were determined by Western blot. The effects of NA treatment on the gelsolin-PI3Kα (p110α) interaction were investigated by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). NA treatment caused an initial drop and then induced a significant increase in [Ca2+ ] with a time and dose dependent manner. In addition, NA promoted the depolymerization of F-actin and knockdown of gelsolin substantially rescued the effects caused by NA treatment. NA treatment significantly inhibited the interaction between phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) α (p110α) and gelsolin and addition of phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate (PIP3) increased the protein level of F-actin and rescued the F/G-actin ratio. In conclusion, our results indicated NA treatment could interfere with the ability of PI3Kα (p110α) to inhibit the activity of gelsolin by decomposing PIP2 to produce PIP3, thereby increasing the activity of gelsolin, which ultimately acted on the remodeling of the cytoskeleton and exerted an inhibitory effect on angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Su
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haizhen Ni
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenxu Jin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lemen Pan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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