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Watanabe J, Clutter MR, Gullette MJ, Sasaki T, Uchida E, Kaur S, Mo Y, Abe K, Ishi Y, Takata N, Natsumeda M, Gadd S, Zhang Z, Becher OJ, Hashizume R. BET bromodomain inhibition potentiates radiosensitivity in models of H3K27-altered diffuse midline glioma. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e174794. [PMID: 38771655 PMCID: PMC11213469 DOI: 10.1172/jci174794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) H3K27-altered is one of the most malignant childhood cancers. Radiation therapy remains the only effective treatment yet provides a 5-year survival rate of only 1%. Several clinical trials have attempted to enhance radiation antitumor activity using radiosensitizing agents, although none have been successful. Given this, there is a critical need for identifying effective therapeutics to enhance radiation sensitivity for the treatment of DMG. Using high-throughput radiosensitivity screening, we identified bromo- and extraterminal domain (BET) protein inhibitors as potent radiosensitizers in DMG cells. Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of BET bromodomain activity reduced DMG cell proliferation and enhanced radiation-induced DNA damage by inhibiting DNA repair pathways. RNA-Seq and the CUT&RUN (cleavage under targets and release using nuclease) analysis showed that BET bromodomain inhibitors regulated the expression of DNA repair genes mediated by H3K27 acetylation at enhancers. BET bromodomain inhibitors enhanced DMG radiation response in patient-derived xenografts as well as genetically engineered mouse models. Together, our results highlight BET bromodomain inhibitors as potential radiosensitizer and provide a rationale for developing combination therapy with radiation for the treatment of DMG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Watanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Neuro-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | | | | | - Takahiro Sasaki
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Eita Uchida
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Neuro-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Savneet Kaur
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Yan Mo
- Institute for Cancer Genetics
- Department of Pediatrics, and
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kouki Abe
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Neuro-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yukitomo Ishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Neuro-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nozomu Takata
- Center for Vascular and Developmental Biology, Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, and
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Manabu Natsumeda
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Samantha Gadd
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Neuro-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Institute for Cancer Genetics
- Department of Pediatrics, and
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Oren J. Becher
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rintaro Hashizume
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, Neuro-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Du R, Wen L, Niu M, Zhao L, Guan X, Yang J, Zhang C, Liu H. Activin receptors in human cancer: Functions, mechanisms, and potential clinical applications. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116061. [PMID: 38369212 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Activins are members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily and act as key regulators in various physiological processes, such as follicle and embryonic development, as well as in multiple human diseases, including cancer. They have been established to signal through three type I and two type II serine/threonine kinase receptors, which, upon ligand binding, form a final signal-transducing receptor complex that activates downstream signaling and governs gene expression. Recent research highlighted the dysregulation of the expression or activity of activin receptors in multiple human cancers and their critical involvement in cancer progression. Furthermore, expression levels of activin receptors have been associated with clinicopathological features and patient outcomes across different cancers. However, there is currently a paucity of comprehensive systematic reviews of activin receptors in cancer. Thus, this review aimed to consolidate existing knowledge concerning activin receptors, with a primary emphasis on their signaling cascade and emerging biological functions, regulatory mechanisms, and potential clinical applications in human cancers in order to provide novel perspectives on cancer prognosis and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochen Du
- First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Department of Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Liqi Wen
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Min Niu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Liting Zhao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Xiaoya Guan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Department of Anatomy, the Basic Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Chunming Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China.
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Shanxi Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Precision Medicine of Head and Neck Cancer, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, the Basic Medical School of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China.
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Zhou W, Yan K, Xi Q. BMP signaling in cancer stemness and differentiation. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 12:37. [PMID: 38049682 PMCID: PMC10695912 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-023-00181-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The BMP (Bone morphogenetic protein) signaling pathway plays a central role in metazoan biology, intricately shaping embryonic development, maintaining tissue homeostasis, and influencing disease progression. In the context of cancer, BMP signaling exhibits context-dependent dynamics, spanning from tumor suppression to promotion. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a modest subset of neoplastic cells with stem-like attributes, exert substantial influence by steering tumor growth, orchestrating therapy resistance, and contributing to relapse. A comprehensive grasp of the intricate interplay between CSCs and their microenvironment is pivotal for effective therapeutic strategies. Among the web of signaling pathways orchestrating cellular dynamics within CSCs, BMP signaling emerges as a vital conductor, overseeing CSC self-renewal, differentiation dynamics, and the intricate symphony within the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, BMP signaling's influence in cancer extends beyond CSCs, intricately regulating cellular migration, invasion, and metastasis. This multifaceted role underscores the imperative of comprehending BMP signaling's contributions to cancer, serving as the foundation for crafting precise therapies to navigate multifaceted challenges posed not only by CSCs but also by various dimensions of cancer progression. This article succinctly encapsulates the diverse roles of the BMP signaling pathway across different cancers, spanning glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), colorectal cancer, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), lung cancer, prostate cancer, and osteosarcoma. It underscores the necessity of unraveling underlying mechanisms and molecular interactions. By delving into the intricate tapestry of BMP signaling's engagement in cancers, researchers pave the way for meticulously tailored therapies, adroitly leveraging its dualistic aspects-whether as a suppressor or promoter-to effectively counter the relentless march of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kun Yan
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qiaoran Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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Mangoli A, Wu S, Liu HQ, Aksu M, Jain V, Foreman BE, Regal JA, Weidenhammer LB, Stewart CE, Guerra Garcia ME, Hocke E, Abramson K, Williams NT, Luo L, Deland K, Attardi L, Abe K, Hashizume R, Ashley DM, Becher OJ, Kirsch DG, Gregory SG, Reitman ZJ. Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated ( Atm ) disruption sensitizes spatially-directed H3.3K27M/TP53 diffuse midline gliomas to radiation therapy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.18.562892. [PMID: 37904990 PMCID: PMC10614905 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.18.562892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) are lethal brain tumors characterized by p53-inactivating mutations and oncohistone H3.3K27M mutations that rewire the cellular response to genotoxic stress, which presents therapeutic opportunities. We used RCAS/tv-a retroviruses and Cre recombinase to inactivate p53 and induce K27M in the native H3f3a allele in a lineage- and spatially-directed manner, yielding primary mouse DMGs. Genetic or pharmacologic disruption of the DNA damage response kinase Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) enhanced the efficacy of focal brain irradiation, extending mouse survival. This finding suggests that targeting ATM will enhance the efficacy of radiation therapy for p53-mutant DMG but not p53-wildtype DMG. We used spatial in situ transcriptomics and an allelic series of primary murine DMG models with different p53 mutations to identify transactivation-independent p53 activity as a key mediator of such radiosensitivity. These studies deeply profile a genetically faithful and versatile model of a lethal brain tumor to identify resistance mechanisms for a therapeutic strategy currently in clinical trials.
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McNicholas M, De Cola A, Bashardanesh Z, Foss A, Lloyd CB, Hébert S, Faury D, Andrade AF, Jabado N, Kleinman CL, Pathania M. A Compendium of Syngeneic, Transplantable Pediatric High-Grade Glioma Models Reveals Subtype-Specific Therapeutic Vulnerabilities. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1592-1615. [PMID: 37011011 PMCID: PMC10326601 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGG) are lethal, incurable brain tumors frequently driven by clonal mutations in histone genes. They often harbor a range of additional genetic alterations that correlate with different ages, anatomic locations, and tumor subtypes. We developed models representing 16 pHGG subtypes driven by different combinations of alterations targeted to specific brain regions. Tumors developed with varying latencies and cell lines derived from these models engrafted in syngeneic, immunocompetent mice with high penetrance. Targeted drug screening revealed unexpected selective vulnerabilities-H3.3G34R/PDGFRAC235Y to FGFR inhibition, H3.3K27M/PDGFRAWT to PDGFRA inhibition, and H3.3K27M/PDGFRAWT and H3.3K27M/PPM1DΔC/PIK3CAE545K to combined inhibition of MEK and PIK3CA. Moreover, H3.3K27M tumors with PIK3CA, NF1, and FGFR1 mutations were more invasive and harbored distinct additional phenotypes, such as exophytic spread, cranial nerve invasion, and spinal dissemination. Collectively, these models reveal that different partner alterations produce distinct effects on pHGG cellular composition, latency, invasiveness, and treatment sensitivity. SIGNIFICANCE Histone-mutant pediatric gliomas are a highly heterogeneous tumor entity. Different histone mutations correlate with different ages of onset, survival outcomes, brain regions, and partner alterations. We have developed models of histone-mutant gliomas that reflect this anatomic and genetic heterogeneity and provide evidence of subtype-specific biology and therapeutic targeting. See related commentary by Lubanszky and Hawkins, p. 1516. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1501.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael McNicholas
- Department of Oncology and Milner Therapeutics Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- CRUK Children's Brain Tumour Centre of Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Antonella De Cola
- Department of Oncology and Milner Therapeutics Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- CRUK Children's Brain Tumour Centre of Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Zahedeh Bashardanesh
- Lady Davis Research Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amelia Foss
- Department of Oncology and Milner Therapeutics Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- CRUK Children's Brain Tumour Centre of Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Cameron B. Lloyd
- Department of Oncology and Milner Therapeutics Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- CRUK Children's Brain Tumour Centre of Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Hébert
- Lady Davis Research Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Damien Faury
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, and The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Nada Jabado
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, and The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Claudia L. Kleinman
- Lady Davis Research Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Manav Pathania
- Department of Oncology and Milner Therapeutics Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- CRUK Children's Brain Tumour Centre of Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Foss A, Pathania M. Pediatric Glioma Models Provide Insights into Tumor Development and Future Therapeutic Strategies. Dev Neurosci 2023; 46:22-43. [PMID: 37231843 DOI: 10.1159/000531040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In depth study of pediatric gliomas has been hampered due to difficulties in accessing patient tissue and a lack of clinically representative tumor models. Over the last decade, however, profiling of carefully curated cohorts of pediatric tumors has identified genetic drivers that molecularly segregate pediatric gliomas from adult gliomas. This information has inspired the development of a new set of powerful in vitro and in vivo tumor models that can aid in identifying pediatric-specific oncogenic mechanisms and tumor microenvironment interactions. Single-cell analyses of both human tumors and these newly developed models have revealed that pediatric gliomas arise from spatiotemporally discrete neural progenitor populations in which developmental programs have become dysregulated. Pediatric high-grade gliomas also harbor distinct sets of co-segregating genetic and epigenetic alterations, often accompanied by unique features within the tumor microenvironment. The development of these novel tools and data resources has led to insights into the biology and heterogeneity of these tumors, including identification of distinctive sets of driver mutations, developmentally restricted cells of origin, recognizable patterns of tumor progression, characteristic immune environments, and tumor hijacking of normal microenvironmental and neural programs. As concerted efforts have broadened our understanding of these tumors, new therapeutic vulnerabilities have been identified, and for the first time, promising new strategies are being evaluated in the preclinical and clinical settings. Even so, dedicated and sustained collaborative efforts are necessary to refine our knowledge and bring these new strategies into general clinical use. In this review, we will discuss the range of currently available glioma models, the way in which they have each contributed to recent developments in the field, their benefits and drawbacks for addressing specific research questions, and their future utility in advancing biological understanding and treatment of pediatric glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Foss
- Department of Oncology and the Milner Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- CRUK Children's Brain Tumour Centre of Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Manav Pathania
- Department of Oncology and the Milner Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- CRUK Children's Brain Tumour Centre of Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Liu C, Kuang S, Wu L, Cheng Q, Gong X, Wu J, Zhang L. Radiotherapy and radio-sensitization in H3 K27M -mutated diffuse midline gliomas. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023. [PMID: 37157237 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND H3K27M mutated diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) are extremely aggressive and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in pediatric brain tumors with 5-year survival <1%. Radiotherapy is the only established adjuvant treatment of H3K27M DMGs; however, the radio-resistance is commonly observed. METHODS We summarized current understandings of the molecular responses of H3K27M DMGs to radiotherapy and provide crucial insights into current advances in radiosensitivity enhancement. RESULTS Ionizing radiation (IR) can mainly inhibit tumor cell growth by inducing DNA damage regulated by the cell cycle checkpoints and DNA damage repair (DDR) system. In H3K27M DMGs, the aberrant genetic and epigenetic changes, stemness genotype, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) disrupt the cell cycle checkpoints and DDR system by altering the associated regulatory signaling pathways, which leads to the development of radio-resistance. CONCLUSIONS The advances in mechanisms of radio-resistance in H3K27M DMGs promote the potential targets to enhance the sensitivity to radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Departments of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuwen Kuang
- Departments of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuan Gong
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Longbo Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Andrade AF, Chen CCL, Jabado N. Oncohistones in brain tumors: the soil and seed. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:444-455. [PMID: 36933956 PMCID: PMC11075889 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent somatic mutations in histone 3 (H3) variants (termed 'oncohistones') have been identified in high-grade gliomas (HGGs) in children and young adults and induce tumorigenesis through disruption of chromatin states. Oncohistones occur with exquisite neuroanatomical specificity and are associated with specific age distribution and epigenome landscapes. Here, we review the known intrinsic ('seed') and the extrinsic ('soil') factors needed for their optimal oncogenic effect and highlight the many unresolved questions regarding their effects on development and crosstalk with the tumor microenvironment. The 'seed and soil' analogy, used to explain tumor metastatic niches, also applies to oncohistones, which mainly thrive and flourish in specific chromatin states during very narrow windows of development, creating exquisite vulnerabilities, which could provide effective therapies for these deadly cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carol C L Chen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Nada Jabado
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C7, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C7, Canada; The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
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Lyu Y, Guo Y, Okeoma CM, Yan Z, Hu N, Li Z, Zhou S, Zhao X, Li J, Wang X. Engineered extracellular vesicles (EVs): Promising diagnostic/therapeutic tools for pediatric high-grade glioma. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114630. [PMID: 37094548 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a highly malignant brain tumor that mainly occurs in children with extremely low overall survival. Traditional therapeutic strategies, such as surgical resection and chemotherapy, are not feasible mostly due to the special location and highly diffused features. Radiotherapy turns out to be the standard treatment method but with limited benefits of overall survival. A broad search for novel and targeted therapies is in the progress of both preclinical investigations and clinical trials. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) emerged as a promising diagnostic and therapeutic candidate due to their distinct biocompatibility, excellent cargo-loading-delivery capacity, high biological barrier penetration efficiency, and ease of modification. The utilization of EVs in various diseases as biomarker diagnoses or therapeutic agents is revolutionizing modern medical research and practice. In this review, we will briefly talk about the research development of DIPG, and present a detailed description of EVs in medical applications, with a discussion on the application of engineered peptides on EVs. The possibility of applying EVs as a diagnostic tool and drug delivery system in DIPG is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Lyu
- Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Henan Joint International Laboratory of Glioma Metabolism and Microenvironment Research, Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yupei Guo
- Henan Joint International Laboratory of Glioma Metabolism and Microenvironment Research, Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Chioma M Okeoma
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595-1524, USA
| | - Zhaoyue Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Henan Joint International Laboratory of Glioma Metabolism and Microenvironment Research, Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Zian Li
- Henan Joint International Laboratory of Glioma Metabolism and Microenvironment Research, Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Shaolong Zhou
- Henan Joint International Laboratory of Glioma Metabolism and Microenvironment Research, Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Junqi Li
- Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Henan Joint International Laboratory of Glioma Metabolism and Microenvironment Research, Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
| | - Xinjun Wang
- Henan Joint International Laboratory of Glioma Metabolism and Microenvironment Research, Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
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10
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Zhang Q, Yang L, Liu YH, Wilkinson JE, Krainer AR. Antisense oligonucleotide therapy for H3.3K27M diffuse midline glioma. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadd8280. [PMID: 37043556 PMCID: PMC10263181 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.add8280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) are pediatric high-grade brain tumors in the thalamus, midbrain, or pons; the latter subgroup are termed diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG). The brain stem location of these tumors limits the clinical management of DIPG, resulting in poor outcomes for patients. A heterozygous, somatic point mutation in one of two genes coding for the noncanonical histone H3.3 is present in most DIPG tumors. This dominant mutation in the H3-3A gene results in replacement of lysine 27 with methionine (K27M) and causes a global reduction of trimethylation on K27 of all wild-type histone H3 proteins, which is thought to be a driving event in gliomagenesis. In this study, we designed and systematically screened 2'-O-methoxyethyl phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) that direct RNase H-mediated knockdown of H3-3A mRNA. We identified a lead ASO that effectively reduced H3-3A mRNA and H3.3K27M protein and restored global H3K27 trimethylation in patient-derived neurospheres. We then tested the lead ASO in two mouse models of DIPG: an immunocompetent mouse model using transduced mutant human H3-3A cDNA and an orthotopic xenograft with patient-derived cells. In both models, ASO treatment restored K27 trimethylation of histone H3 proteins and reduced tumor growth, promoted neural stem cell differentiation into astrocytes, neurons, and oligodendrocytes, and increased survival. These results demonstrate the involvement of the H3.3K27M oncohistone in tumor maintenance, confirm the reversibility of the aberrant epigenetic changes it promotes, and provide preclinical proof of concept for DMG antisense therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724
- Stony Brook University, Graduate Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, Stony Brook, NY, 11794
| | - Lucia Yang
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724
- Stony Brook University, Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook, NY, 11794
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, 11794
| | - Ying Hsiu Liu
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724
| | - John E. Wilkinson
- University of Michigan, Department of Pathology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
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11
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Ajuyah P, Mayoh C, Lau LMS, Barahona P, Wong M, Chambers H, Valdes-Mora F, Senapati A, Gifford AJ, D'Arcy C, Hansford JR, Manoharan N, Nicholls W, Williams MM, Wood PJ, Cowley MJ, Tyrrell V, Haber M, Ekert PG, Ziegler DS, Khuong-Quang DA. Histone H3-wild type diffuse midline gliomas with H3K27me3 loss are a distinct entity with exclusive EGFR or ACVR1 mutation and differential methylation of homeobox genes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3775. [PMID: 36882456 PMCID: PMC9992705 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30395-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) harbouring H3K27M mutation are paediatric tumours with a dismal outcome. Recently, a new subtype of midline gliomas has been described with similar features to DMG, including loss of H3K27 trimethylation, but lacking the canonical H3K27M mutation (H3-WT). Here, we report a cohort of five H3-WT tumours profiled by whole-genome sequencing, RNA sequencing and DNA methylation profiling and combine their analysis with previously published cases. We show that these tumours have recurrent and mutually exclusive mutations in either ACVR1 or EGFR and are characterised by high expression of EZHIP associated to its promoter hypomethylation. Affected patients share a similar poor prognosis as patients with H3K27M DMG. Global molecular analysis of H3-WT and H3K27M DMG reveal distinct transcriptome and methylome profiles including differential methylation of homeobox genes involved in development and cellular differentiation. Patients have distinct clinical features, with a trend demonstrating ACVR1 mutations occurring in H3-WT tumours at an older age. This in-depth exploration of H3-WT tumours further characterises this novel DMG, H3K27-altered sub-group, characterised by a specific immunohistochemistry profile with H3K27me3 loss, wild-type H3K27M and positive EZHIP. It also gives new insights into the possible mechanism and pathway regulation in these tumours, potentially opening new therapeutic avenues for these tumours which have no known effective treatment. This study has been retrospectively registered on clinicaltrial.gov on 8 November 2017 under the registration number NCT03336931 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03336931 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Ajuyah
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Loretta M S Lau
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Paulette Barahona
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Marie Wong
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Hazel Chambers
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Fatima Valdes-Mora
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Akanksha Senapati
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Andrew J Gifford
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,Anatomical Pathology, NSW Health Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Colleen D'Arcy
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jordan R Hansford
- Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Michael Rice Cancer Centre, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,South Australia Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,South Australia Immunogenomics Cancer Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Neevika Manoharan
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia
| | - Wayne Nicholls
- Oncology Service, Children's Health Queensland Hospital & Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Molly M Williams
- Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Paul J Wood
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark J Cowley
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Vanessa Tyrrell
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul G Ekert
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - David S Ziegler
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia. .,School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia. .,University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW, Kensington, NSW, Australia. .,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.
| | - Dong-Anh Khuong-Quang
- Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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12
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Pun M, Pratt D, Nano PR, Joshi PK, Jiang L, Englinger B, Rao A, Cieslik M, Chinnaiyan AM, Aldape K, Pfister S, Filbin MG, Bhaduri A, Venneti S. Common molecular features of H3K27M DMGs and PFA ependymomas map to hindbrain developmental pathways. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:25. [PMID: 36759899 PMCID: PMC9912509 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01514-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally decreased histone 3, lysine 27 tri-methylation (H3K27me3) is a hallmark of H3K27-altered diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) and group-A posterior fossa ependymomas (PFAs). H3K27-altered DMGs are largely characterized by lysine-to-methionine mutations in histone 3 at position 27 (H3K27M). Most PFAs overexpress EZH inhibitory protein (EZHIP), which possesses a region of similarity to the mutant H3K27M. Both H3K27M and EZHIP inhibit the function of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) responsible for H3K27me3 deposition. These tumors often arise in neighboring regions of the brainstem and posterior fossa. In rare cases PFAs harbor H3K27M mutations, and DMGs overexpress EZHIP. These findings together raise the possibility that certain cell populations in the developing hindbrain/posterior fossa are especially sensitive to modulation of H3K27me3 states. We identified shared molecular features by comparing genomic, bulk transcriptomic, chromatin-based profiles, and single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from the two tumor classes. Our approach demonstrated that 1q gain, a key biomarker in PFAs, is prognostic in H3.1K27M, but not H3.3K27M gliomas. Conversely, Activin A Receptor Type 1 (ACVR1), which is associated with mutations in H3.1K27M gliomas, is overexpressed in a subset of PFAs with poor outcome. Despite diffuse H3K27me3 reduction, previous work shows that both tumors maintain genomic H3K27me3 deposition at select sites. We demonstrate heterogeneity in shared patterns of residual H3K27me3 for both tumors that largely segregated with inferred anatomic tumor origins and progenitor populations of tumor cells. In contrast, analysis of genes linked to H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac)-marked enhancers showed higher expression in astrocytic-like tumor cells. Finally, common H3K27me3-marked genes mapped closely to expression patterns in the human developing hindbrain. Overall, our data demonstrate developmentally relevant molecular similarities between PFAs and H3K27M DMGs and support the overall hypothesis that deregulated mechanisms of hindbrain development are central to the biology of both tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Pun
- Laboratory of Brain Tumor Metabolism and Epigenetics, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, 3520E MSRB 1, 1150 W. Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 41804, USA
- Chad Carr Pediatric Tumor Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Drew Pratt
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr., Room 2S235, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Patricia R Nano
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Piyush K Joshi
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ) Heidelberg, Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Bernhard Englinger
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arvind Rao
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Marcin Cieslik
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Arul M Chinnaiyan
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kenneth Aldape
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr., Room 2S235, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Stefan Pfister
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ) Heidelberg, Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mariella G Filbin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Aparna Bhaduri
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sriram Venneti
- Laboratory of Brain Tumor Metabolism and Epigenetics, Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, 3520E MSRB 1, 1150 W. Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 41804, USA.
- Chad Carr Pediatric Tumor Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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13
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Dalle Ore C, Coleman C, Gupta N, Mueller S. Advances and Clinical Trials Update in the Treatment of Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas. Pediatr Neurosurg 2023; 58:259-266. [PMID: 36642062 PMCID: PMC10664325 DOI: 10.1159/000529099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) are high-grade gliomas (HGGs) that occur primarily in children, and represent a leading cause of death in pediatric patients with brain tumors with a median overall survival of only 8-11 months. SUMMARY While these lesions were previously thought to behave similarly to adult HGG, emerging data have demonstrated that DIPG is a biologically distinct entity from adult HGG frequently driven by mutations in the histone genes H3.3 and H3.1 not found in adult glioma. While biopsy of DIPG was historically felt to confer unacceptable risk of morbidity and mortality, multiple studies have demonstrated that stereotactic biopsy of DIPG is safe, allowing not only for improved understanding of DIPG but also forming the basis for protocols for personalized medicine in DIPG. However, current options for personalized medicine in DIPG are limited by the lack of efficacious targeted therapies for the mutations commonly found in DIPG. Multiple treatment modalities including targeted therapies, immunotherapy, convection-enhanced delivery, and focused ultrasound are in various stages of investigation. KEY MESSAGE Increasing frequency of biopsy for DIPG has identified distinct driving mutations that may serve as therapeutic targets. Novel treatment modalities are under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Dalle Ore
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Christina Coleman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nalin Gupta
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sabine Mueller
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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14
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Messinger D, Harris MK, Cummings JR, Thomas C, Yang T, Sweha SR, Woo R, Siddaway R, Burkert M, Stallard S, Qin T, Mullan B, Siada R, Ravindran R, Niculcea M, Dowling AR, Bradin J, Ginn KF, Gener MAH, Dorris K, Vitanza NA, Schmidt SV, Spitzer J, Li J, Filbin MG, Cao X, Castro MG, Lowenstein PR, Mody R, Chinnaiyan A, Desprez PY, McAllister S, Dun MD, Hawkins C, Waszak SM, Venneti S, Koschmann C, Yadav VN. Therapeutic targeting of prenatal pontine ID1 signaling in diffuse midline glioma. Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:54-67. [PMID: 35605606 PMCID: PMC9825316 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) are highly invasive brain tumors with rare survival beyond two years past diagnosis and limited understanding of the mechanism behind tumor invasion. Previous reports demonstrate upregulation of the protein ID1 with H3K27M and ACVR1 mutations in DMG, but this has not been confirmed in human tumors or therapeutically targeted. METHODS Whole exome, RNA, and ChIP-sequencing was performed on the ID1 locus in DMG tissue. Scratch-assay migration and transwell invasion assays of cultured cells were performed following shRNA-mediated ID1-knockdown. In vitro and in vivo genetic and pharmacologic [cannabidiol (CBD)] inhibition of ID1 on DMG tumor growth was assessed. Patient-reported CBD dosing information was collected. RESULTS Increased ID1 expression in human DMG and in utero electroporation (IUE) murine tumors is associated with H3K27M mutation and brainstem location. ChIP-sequencing indicates ID1 regulatory regions are epigenetically active in human H3K27M-DMG tumors and prenatal pontine cells. Higher ID1-expressing astrocyte-like DMG cells share a transcriptional program with oligo/astrocyte-precursor cells (OAPCs) from the developing human brain and demonstrate upregulation of the migration regulatory protein SPARCL1. Genetic and pharmacologic (CBD) suppression of ID1 decreases tumor cell invasion/migration and tumor growth in H3.3/H3.1K27M PPK-IUE and human DIPGXIIIP* in vivo models of pHGG. The effect of CBD on cell proliferation appears to be non-ID1 mediated. Finally, we collected patient-reported CBD treatment data, finding that a clinical trial to standardize dosing may be beneficial. CONCLUSIONS H3K27M-mediated re-activation of ID1 in DMG results in a SPARCL1+ migratory transcriptional program that is therapeutically targetable with CBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Messinger
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Micah K Harris
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jessica R Cummings
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Chase Thomas
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Stefan R Sweha
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rinette Woo
- Cancer Research, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute; San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robert Siddaway
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre and Division of Pathology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Martin Burkert
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefanie Stallard
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Tingting Qin
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Brendan Mullan
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ruby Siada
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ramya Ravindran
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael Niculcea
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Abigail R Dowling
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Joshua Bradin
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kevin F Ginn
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Melissa A H Gener
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Kathleen Dorris
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Susanne V Schmidt
- Institute of Innate Immunity, AG Immunogenomics, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jasper Spitzer
- Institute of Innate Immunity, AG Immunogenomics, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jiang Li
- Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mariella G Filbin
- Dana-Farber Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xuhong Cao
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Maria G Castro
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Pedro R Lowenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rajen Mody
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Arul Chinnaiyan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Pierre-Yves Desprez
- Cancer Research, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute; San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sean McAllister
- Cancer Research, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute; San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Matthew D Dun
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW, Australia
| | - Cynthia Hawkins
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre and Division of Pathology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sebastian M Waszak
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatric Research, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sriram Venneti
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Carl Koschmann
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Viveka Nand Yadav
- Department of Pediatrics at Children’s Mercy Research Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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15
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Jovanovich N, Habib A, Head J, Hameed F, Agnihotri S, Zinn PO. Pediatric diffuse midline glioma: Understanding the mechanisms and assessing the next generation of personalized therapeutics. Neurooncol Adv 2023; 5:vdad040. [PMID: 37152806 PMCID: PMC10162114 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is a pediatric cancer that originates in the midline structures of the brain. Prognosis of DMG patients remains poor due to the infiltrative nature of these tumors and the protection they receive from systemically delivered therapeutics via an intact blood-brain barrier (BBB), making treatment difficult. While the cell of origin remains disputed, it is believed to reside in the ventral pons. Recent research has pointed toward epigenetic dysregulation inducing an OPC-like transcriptomic signature in DMG cells. This epigenetic dysregulation is typically caused by a mutation (K27M) in one of two histone genes-H3F3A or HIST1H3B -and can lead to a differentiation block that increases these cells oncogenic potential. Standard treatment with radiation is not sufficient at overcoming the aggressivity of this cancer and only confers a survival benefit of a few months, and thus, discovery of new therapeutics is of utmost importance. In this review, we discuss the cell of origin of DMGs, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms that contribute to their aggressivity and resistance to treatment. Additionally, we outline the current standard of care for DMG patients and the potential future therapeutics for this cancer that are currently being tested in preclinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolina Jovanovich
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ahmed Habib
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffery Head
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Farrukh Hameed
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sameer Agnihotri
- Sameer Agnihtroi, PhD, 4401 Penn Avenue, Office 7126, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA ()
| | - Pascal O Zinn
- Corresponding Authors: Pascal O. Zinn, MD, PhD, 5150 Centre Ave. Suite 433, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA ()
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Mueller T, Laternser S, Guerreiro Stücklin AS, Gerber NU, Mourabit S, Rizo M, Rushing EJ, Kottke R, Grotzer M, Krayenbühl N, Nazarian J, Mueller S. Real-time drug testing of paediatric diffuse midline glioma to support clinical decision making: The Zurich DIPG/DMG centre experience. Eur J Cancer 2023; 178:171-179. [PMID: 36455411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children diagnosed with diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) have an extremely poor overall survival: 9-12 months from diagnosis with currently no curative treatment options. Given DMG molecular heterogeneity, surgical biopsies are needed for molecular profiling and as part of enrolment into molecular-based and precision medicine type clinical interventions. In this study, we describe the results of real time profiling and drug testing at the diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma/DMG Research Centre at University Children's Hospital Zurich. METHOD Biopsies were taken using a frame based stereotactic robot system (NeuroMate®, Renishaw) at University Children's Hospital Zurich. Tissue samples were evaluated to confirm diagnosis by H3K27M and H3K27 trimethylation loss. Genomic analyses were done using a variety of platforms (INFORM, Oncomine, UCSF500 gene panel). Cell lines were developed by mechanical tissue dissociation and verified by either sequencing or immunofluorescence staining confirming H3K27M mutation and used afterwards for drug testing. RESULTS Twenty-five robot-assisted primary biopsies were successfully performed. Median hospital stay was 2 days (range 1-4 days). Nine low-passage patient-derived cells were developed, whereas 8 cell lines were used to inform response to clinically relevant drugs. Genome and RNA expression were used to further guide treatment strategies with targeted agents such as dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor paxalisib. CONCLUSION We established a systematic workflow for safe, robot-assisted brainstem biopsies and in-house tissue processing, followed by real-time drug testing. This provides valuable insights into tumour prognostic and individual treatment strategies targeting relevant vulnerabilities in these tumours in a clinically meaningful time frame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Mueller
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Laternser
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana S Guerreiro Stücklin
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas U Gerber
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sulayman Mourabit
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marion Rizo
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Raimund Kottke
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Grotzer
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Niklaus Krayenbühl
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Javad Nazarian
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Children's National Health System, Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Sabine Mueller
- Division of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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17
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Yu X, Ton AN, Niu Z, Morales BM, Chen J, Braz J, Lai MH, Barruet E, Liu H, Cheung K, Ali S, Chan T, Bigay K, Ho J, Nikolli I, Hansberry S, Wentworth K, Kriegstein A, Basbaum A, Hsiao EC. ACVR1-activating mutation causes neuropathic pain and sensory neuron hyperexcitability in humans. Pain 2023; 164:43-58. [PMID: 35442931 PMCID: PMC9582048 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Altered bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is associated with many musculoskeletal diseases. However, it remains unknown whether BMP dysfunction has direct contribution to debilitating pain reported in many of these disorders. Here, we identified a novel neuropathic pain phenotype in patients with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP), a rare autosomal-dominant musculoskeletal disorder characterized by progressive heterotopic ossification. Ninety-seven percent of these patients carry an R206H gain-of-function point mutation in the BMP type I receptor ACVR1 (ACVR1 R206H ), which causes neofunction to Activin A and constitutively activates signaling through phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8. Although patients with FOP can harbor pathological lesions in the peripheral and central nervous system, their etiology and clinical impact are unclear. Quantitative sensory testing of patients with FOP revealed significant heat and mechanical pain hypersensitivity. Although there was no major effect of ACVR1 R206H on differentiation and maturation of nociceptive sensory neurons (iSNs) derived from FOP induced pluripotent stem cells, both intracellular and extracellular electrophysiology analyses of the ACVR1 R206H iSNs displayed ACVR1-dependent hyperexcitability, a hallmark of neuropathic pain. Consistent with this phenotype, we recorded enhanced responses of ACVR1 R206H iSNs to TRPV1 and TRPA1 agonists. Thus, activated ACVR1 signaling can modulate pain processing in humans and may represent a potential target for pain management in FOP and related BMP pathway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Yu
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Amy N. Ton
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Zejun Niu
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Blanca M. Morales
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jiadong Chen
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States. Dr. Chen is now with the Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Centre for Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Joao Braz
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Michael H. Lai
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Emilie Barruet
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Hongju Liu
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kin Cheung
- BioSAS Consulting, Inc, Wellesley, MA, United States
| | - Syed Ali
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Tea Chan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Katherine Bigay
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer Ho
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ina Nikolli
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Steven Hansberry
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
- California Institute of Regenerative Medicine Bridges to Stem Cell Research Program, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kelly Wentworth
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Arnold Kriegstein
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States. Dr. Chen is now with the Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital, Centre for Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Allan Basbaum
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Edward C. Hsiao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Institute for Human Genetics, and the Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
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18
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K27M in canonical and noncanonical H3 variants occurs in distinct oligodendroglial cell lineages in brain midline gliomas. Nat Genet 2022; 54:1865-1880. [PMID: 36471070 PMCID: PMC9742294 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01205-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Canonical (H3.1/H3.2) and noncanonical (H3.3) histone 3 K27M-mutant gliomas have unique spatiotemporal distributions, partner alterations and molecular profiles. The contribution of the cell of origin to these differences has been challenging to uncouple from the oncogenic reprogramming induced by the mutation. Here, we perform an integrated analysis of 116 tumors, including single-cell transcriptome and chromatin accessibility, 3D chromatin architecture and epigenomic profiles, and show that K27M-mutant gliomas faithfully maintain chromatin configuration at developmental genes consistent with anatomically distinct oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). H3.3K27M thalamic gliomas map to prosomere 2-derived lineages. In turn, H3.1K27M ACVR1-mutant pontine gliomas uniformly mirror early ventral NKX6-1+/SHH-dependent brainstem OPCs, whereas H3.3K27M gliomas frequently resemble dorsal PAX3+/BMP-dependent progenitors. Our data suggest a context-specific vulnerability in H3.1K27M-mutant SHH-dependent ventral OPCs, which rely on acquisition of ACVR1 mutations to drive aberrant BMP signaling required for oncogenesis. The unifying action of K27M mutations is to restrict H3K27me3 at PRC2 landing sites, whereas other epigenetic changes are mainly contingent on the cell of origin chromatin state and cycling rate.
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19
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Yang YS, Kim JM, Xie J, Chaugule S, Lin C, Ma H, Hsiao E, Hong J, Chun H, Shore EM, Kaplan FS, Gao G, Shim JH. Suppression of heterotopic ossification in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva using AAV gene delivery. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6175. [PMID: 36258013 PMCID: PMC9579182 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33956-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification is the most disabling feature of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, an ultra-rare genetic disorder for which there is currently no prevention or treatment. Most patients with this disease harbor a heterozygous activating mutation (c.617 G > A;p.R206H) in ACVR1. Here, we identify recombinant AAV9 as the most effective serotype for transduction of the major cells-of-origin of heterotopic ossification. We use AAV9 delivery for gene replacement by expression of codon-optimized human ACVR1, ACVR1R206H allele-specific silencing by AAV-compatible artificial miRNA and a combination of gene replacement and silencing. In mouse skeletal cells harboring a conditional knock-in allele of human mutant ACVR1 and in patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells, AAV gene therapy ablated aberrant Activin A signaling and chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation. In Acvr1(R206H) knock-in mice treated locally in early adulthood or systemically at birth, trauma-induced endochondral bone formation was markedly reduced, while inflammation and fibroproliferative responses remained largely intact in the injured muscle. Remarkably, spontaneous heterotopic ossification also substantially decreased in in Acvr1(R206H) knock-in mice treated systemically at birth or in early adulthood. Collectively, we develop promising gene therapeutics that can prevent disabling heterotopic ossification in mice, supporting clinical translation to patients with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Suk Yang
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jung-Min Kim
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jun Xie
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Viral Vector Core, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Sachin Chaugule
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Chujiao Lin
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Hong Ma
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Viral Vector Core, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Edward Hsiao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine; the Institute for Human Genetics; the Program in Craniofacial Biology; and the Eli and Edyth Broad Institute of Regeneration Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jaehyoung Hong
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyonho Chun
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eileen M Shore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Genetics, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- The Center for Research in FOP and Related Disorders, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Frederick S Kaplan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- The Center for Research in FOP and Related Disorders, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Viral Vector Core, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Department of Medicine/Division of Rheumatology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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20
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Stewart CE, Guerra-García ME, Luo L, Williams NT, Ma Y, Regal JA, Ghosh D, Sansone P, Oldham M, Deland K, Becher OJ, Kirsch DG, Reitman ZJ. The Effect of Atm Loss on Radiosensitivity of a Primary Mouse Model of Pten-Deleted Brainstem Glioma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4506. [PMID: 36139666 PMCID: PMC9496888 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse midline gliomas arise in the brainstem and other midline brain structures and cause a large proportion of childhood brain tumor deaths. Radiation therapy is the most effective treatment option, but these tumors ultimately progress. Inhibition of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)-like kinase, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), which orchestrates the cellular response to radiation-induced DNA damage, may enhance the efficacy of radiation therapy. Diffuse midline gliomas in the brainstem contain loss-of-function mutations in the tumor suppressor PTEN, or functionally similar alterations in the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, at moderate frequency. Here, we sought to determine if ATM inactivation could radiosensitize a primary mouse model of brainstem glioma driven by Pten loss. Using Cre/loxP recombinase technology and the RCAS/TVA retroviral gene delivery system, we established a mouse model of brainstem glioma driven by Pten deletion. We find that Pten-null brainstem gliomas are relatively radiosensitive at baseline. In addition, we show that deletion of Atm in the tumor cells does not extend survival of mice bearing Pten-null brainstem gliomas after focal brain irradiation. These results characterize a novel primary mouse model of PTEN-mutated brainstem glioma and provide insights into the mechanism of radiosensitization by ATM deletion, which may guide the design of future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor E. Stewart
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Lixia Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nerissa T. Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Joshua A. Regal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Debosir Ghosh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Patrick Sansone
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mark Oldham
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Katherine Deland
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Oren J. Becher
- Department of Pediatrics, Mt. Sinai Hospital, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - David G. Kirsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Zachary J. Reitman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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21
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Tomita Y, Shimazu Y, Somasundaram A, Tanaka Y, Takata N, Ishi Y, Gadd S, Hashizume R, Angione A, Pinero G, Hambardzumyan D, Brat DJ, Hoeman CM, Becher OJ. A novel mouse model of diffuse midline glioma initiated in neonatal oligodendrocyte progenitor cells highlights cell-of-origin dependent effects of H3K27M. Glia 2022; 70:1681-1698. [PMID: 35524725 PMCID: PMC9546478 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is a type of lethal brain tumor that develops mainly in children. The majority of DMG harbor the K27M mutation in histone H3. Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) in the brainstem are candidate cells-of-origin for DMG, yet there is no genetically engineered mouse model of DMG initiated in OPCs. Here, we used the RCAS/Tv-a avian retroviral system to generate DMG in Olig2-expressing progenitors and Nestin-expressing progenitors in the neonatal mouse brainstem. PDGF-A or PDGF-B overexpression, along with p53 deletion, resulted in gliomas in both models. Exogenous overexpression of H3.3K27M had a significant effect on tumor latency and tumor cell proliferation when compared with H3.3WT in Nestin+ cells but not in Olig2+ cells. Further, the fraction of H3.3K27M-positive cells was significantly lower in DMGs initiated in Olig2+ cells relative to Nestin+ cells, both in PDGF-A and PDGF-B-driven models, suggesting that the requirement for H3.3K27M is reduced when tumorigenesis is initiated in Olig2+ cells. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes in H3.3K27M tumors were non-overlapping between Olig2;PDGF-B, Olig2;PDGF-A, and Nestin;PDGF-A models. GSEA analysis of PDGFA tumors confirmed that the transcriptomal effects of H3.3K27M are cell-of-origin dependent with H3.3K27M promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis when Olig2 marks the cell-of-origin and inhibiting EMT and angiogenesis when Nestin marks the cell-of-origin. We did observe some overlap with H3.3K27M promoting negative enrichment of TNFA_Signaling_Via_NFKB in both models. Our study suggests that the tumorigenic effects of H3.3K27M are cell-of-origin dependent, with H3.3K27M being more oncogenic in Nestin+ cells than Olig2+ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Tomita
- Department of PediatricsFeinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuroendovascular SurgeryHiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens HospitalHiroshimaJapan
| | - Yosuke Shimazu
- Department of PediatricsFeinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Agila Somasundaram
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell TransplantAnn & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Yoshihiro Tanaka
- Department of Preventive MedicineNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Center for Arrhythmia Research, Department of CardiologyNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Nozomu Takata
- Center for Vascular and Developmental BiologyFeinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute (FCVRRI), Northwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnologyNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Yukitomo Ishi
- Department of PediatricsFeinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Samantha Gadd
- Department of PathologyAnn & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Rintaro Hashizume
- Department of PediatricsFeinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell TransplantAnn & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsFeinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Angelo Angione
- Department of Neurosurgery and Oncological SciencesMount Sinai School of MedicineNew YorkUSA
| | - Gonzalo Pinero
- Department of Neurosurgery and Oncological SciencesMount Sinai School of MedicineNew YorkUSA
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Oncological SciencesMount Sinai School of MedicineNew YorkUSA
| | - Daniel J. Brat
- Department of PathologyFeinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Christine M. Hoeman
- Department of PediatricsFeinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Oren J. Becher
- Department of PediatricsFeinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell TransplantAnn & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsFeinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Jack Martin Division of Pediatric Hematology‐oncologyMount Sinai Kravis Children's HospitalNew YorkUSA
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22
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Di Ruscio V, Del Baldo G, Fabozzi F, Vinci M, Cacchione A, de Billy E, Megaro G, Carai A, Mastronuzzi A. Pediatric Diffuse Midline Gliomas: An Unfinished Puzzle. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:2064. [PMID: 36140466 PMCID: PMC9497626 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12092064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is a heterogeneous group of aggressive pediatric brain tumors with a fatal prognosis. The biological hallmark in the major part of the cases is H3K27 alteration. Prognosis remains poor, with median survival ranging from 9 to 12 months from diagnosis. Clinical and radiological prognostic factors only partially change the progression-free survival but they do not improve the overall survival. Despite efforts, there is currently no curative therapy for DMG. Radiotherapy remains the standard treatment with only transitory benefits. No chemotherapeutic regimens were found to significantly improve the prognosis. In the new era of a deeper integration between histological and molecular findings, potential new approaches are currently under investigation. The entire international scientific community is trying to target DMG on different aspects. The therapeutic strategies involve targeting epigenetic alterations, such as methylation and acetylation status, as well as identifying new molecular pathways that regulate oncogenic proliferation; immunotherapy approaches too are an interesting point of research in the oncology field, and the possibility of driving the immune system against tumor cells has currently been evaluated in several clinical trials, with promising preliminary results. Moreover, thanks to nanotechnology amelioration, the development of innovative delivery approaches to overcross a hostile tumor microenvironment and an almost intact blood-brain barrier could potentially change tumor responses to different treatments. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of available and potential new treatments that are worldwide under investigation, with the intent that patient- and tumor-specific treatment could change the biological inauspicious history of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Di Ruscio
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Cell and Gene Therapies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Giada Del Baldo
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Cell and Gene Therapies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fabozzi
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Cell and Gene Therapies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Vinci
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Cell and Gene Therapies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Cacchione
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Cell and Gene Therapies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Emmanuel de Billy
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Cell and Gene Therapies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomina Megaro
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Cell and Gene Therapies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Carai
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Mastronuzzi
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Cell and Gene Therapies, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
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Immunogenic Cell Death Enhances Immunotherapy of Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma: From Preclinical to Clinical Studies. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091762. [PMID: 36145510 PMCID: PMC9502387 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is the most lethal tumor involving the pediatric central nervous system. The median survival of children that are diagnosed with DIPG is only 9 to 11 months. More than 200 clinical trials have failed to increase the survival outcomes using conventional cytotoxic or myeloablative chemotherapy. Immunotherapy presents exciting therapeutic opportunities against DIPG that is characterized by unique and heterogeneous features. However, the non-inflammatory DIPG microenvironment greatly limits the role of immunotherapy in DIPG. Encouragingly, the induction of immunogenic cell death, accompanied by the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) shows satisfactory efficacy of immune stimulation and antitumor strategies. This review dwells on the dilemma and advances in immunotherapy for DIPG, and the potential efficacy of immunogenic cell death (ICD) in the immunotherapy of DIPG.
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Activation of AcvR1-Mediated Signaling Results in Semilunar Valve Defects. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9080272. [PMID: 36005436 PMCID: PMC9410128 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9080272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a common cardiac defect, particularly in the aging population. While several risk factors, such as bi-leaflet valve structure and old age, have been identified in CAVD pathogenesis, molecular mechanisms resulting in this condition are still under active investigation. Bone morphogenetic protein signaling via the activin type I receptor (AcvRI) plays an important role during physiological and pathological processes involving calcification, e.g., bone formation and heterotopic ossification. In addition, AcvRI is required for normal cardiac valve development, yet its role in aortic valve disease, if any, is currently unknown. Here, we induced the expression of constitutively active AcvRI in developing mouse embryos in the endocardium and in cells at the valve leaflet-wall junction that are not of endocardium origin using the Nfac1Cre transgene. The mutant mice were born alive, but showed thickened aortic and pulmonary valve leaflets during the early postnatal period. Adult mutant mice developed aortic stenosis with high frequency, sclerotic aortic valves, and displayed Alcian Blue-positive hypertrophic chondrocyte-like cells at the leaflet-wall junction. Calcification was only seen with low penetrance. In addition, we observed that the expression levels of gene sets associated with inflammation-related cytokine signaling, smooth muscle cell contraction, and cGMP signaling were altered in the mutants when compared with those of the controls. This work shows that, in a mouse model, such continuous AcvRI activity in the Nfatc1Cre recombination domain results in pathological changes in the aortic valve structure and function.
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Schwark K, Messinger D, Cummings JR, Bradin J, Kawakibi A, Babila CM, Lyons S, Ji S, Cartaxo RT, Kong S, Cantor E, Koschmann C, Yadav VN. Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) targeting in pediatric high-grade glioma and diffuse midline glioma: Pre-clinical models and precision medicine. Front Oncol 2022; 12:922928. [PMID: 35978801 PMCID: PMC9376238 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.922928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG), including both diffuse midline glioma (DMG) and non-midline tumors, continues to be one of the deadliest oncologic diagnoses (both henceforth referred to as “pHGG”). Targeted therapy options aimed at key oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) drivers using small-molecule RTK inhibitors has been extensively studied, but the absence of proper in vivo modeling that recapitulate pHGG biology has historically been a research challenge. Thankfully, there have been many recent advances in animal modeling, including Cre-inducible transgenic models, as well as intra-uterine electroporation (IUE) models, which closely recapitulate the salient features of human pHGG tumors. Over 20% of pHGG have been found in sequencing studies to have alterations in platelet derived growth factor-alpha (PDGFRA), making growth factor modeling and inhibition via targeted tyrosine kinases a rich vein of interest. With commonly found alterations in other growth factors, including FGFR, EGFR, VEGFR as well as RET, MET, and ALK, it is necessary to model those receptors, as well. Here we review the recent advances in murine modeling and precision targeting of the most important RTKs in their clinical context. We additionally provide a review of current work in the field with several small molecule RTK inhibitors used in pre-clinical or clinical settings for treatment of pHGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kallen Schwark
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Dana Messinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jessica R. Cummings
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Joshua Bradin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Abed Kawakibi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Clarissa M. Babila
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Samantha Lyons
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sunjong Ji
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Rodrigo T. Cartaxo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Seongbae Kong
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Evan Cantor
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Carl Koschmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Viveka Nand Yadav
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Research Institute (CMRI), Kansas, MO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Viveka Nand Yadav,
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26
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The epigenetic dysfunction underlying malignant glioma pathogenesis. J Transl Med 2022; 102:682-690. [PMID: 35152274 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-022-00741-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive molecular profiling has dramatically transformed the diagnostic neuropathology of brain tumors. Diffuse gliomas, the most common and deadly brain tumor variants, are now classified by highly recurrent biomarkers instead of histomorphological characteristics. Several of the key molecular alterations driving glioma classification involve epigenetic dysregulation at a fundamental level, implicating fields of biology not previously thought to play major roles glioma pathogenesis. This article will review the major epigenetic alterations underlying malignant gliomas, their likely mechanisms of action, and potential strategies for their therapeutic targeting.
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The Intricate Epigenetic and Transcriptional Alterations in Pediatric High-Grade Gliomas: Targeting the Crosstalk as the Oncogenic Achilles’ Heel. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061311. [PMID: 35740334 PMCID: PMC9219798 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) are a deadly and heterogenous subgroup of gliomas for which the development of innovative treatments is urgent. Advances in high-throughput molecular techniques have shed light on key epigenetic components of these diseases, such as K27M and G34R/V mutations on histone 3. However, modification of DNA compaction is not sufficient by itself to drive those tumors. Here, we review molecular specificities of pHGGs subcategories in the context of epigenomic rewiring caused by H3 mutations and the subsequent oncogenic interplay with transcriptional signaling pathways co-opted from developmental programs that ultimately leads to gliomagenesis. Understanding how transcriptional and epigenetic alterations synergize in each cellular context in these tumors could allow the identification of new Achilles’ heels, thereby highlighting new levers to improve their therapeutic management.
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28
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Ehata S, Miyazono K. Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling in Cancer; Some Topics in the Recent 10 Years. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:883523. [PMID: 35693928 PMCID: PMC9174896 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.883523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family, are multifunctional cytokines. BMPs have a broad range of functions, and abnormalities in BMP signaling pathways are involved in cancer progression. BMPs activate the proliferation of certain cancer cells. Malignant phenotypes of cancer cells, such as increased motility, invasiveness, and stemness, are enhanced by BMPs. Simultaneously, BMPs act on various cellular components and regulate angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment. Thus, BMPs function as pro-tumorigenic factors in various types of cancer. However, similar to TGF-β, which shows both positive and negative effects on tumorigenesis, BMPs also act as tumor suppressors in other types of cancers. In this article, we review important findings published in the recent decade and summarize the pro-oncogenic functions of BMPs and their underlying mechanisms. The current status of BMP-targeted therapies for cancers is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Ehata
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shogo Ehata,
| | - Kohei Miyazono
- Department of Applied Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Damodharan S, Lara-Velazquez M, Williamsen BC, Helgager J, Dey M. Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma: Molecular Landscape, Evolving Treatment Strategies and Emerging Clinical Trials. J Pers Med 2022; 12:840. [PMID: 35629262 PMCID: PMC9144327 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12050840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a type of intrinsic brainstem glial tumor that occurs primarily in the pediatric population. DIPG is initially diagnosed based on clinical symptoms and the characteristic location on imaging. Histologically, these tumors are characterized by a heterogenous population of cells with multiple genetic mutations and high infiltrative capacity. The most common mutation seen in this group is a lysine to methionine point mutation seen at position 27 (K27M) within histone 3 (H3). Tumors with the H3 K27M mutation, are considered grade 4 and are now categorized within the H3 K27-altered diffuse midline glioma category by World Health Organization classification. Due to its critical location and aggressive nature, DIPG is resistant to the most eradicative treatment and is universally fatal; however, modern advances in the surgical techniques resulting in safe biopsy of the lesion have significantly improved our understanding of this disease at the molecular level. Genomic analysis has shown several mutations that play a role in the pathophysiology of the disease and can be targeted therapeutically. In this review, we will elaborate on DIPG from general aspects and the evolving molecular landscape. We will also review innovative therapeutic options that have been trialed along with new promising treatments on the horizon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshawn Damodharan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA;
| | - Montserrat Lara-Velazquez
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Wisconsin, UW Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53792, USA; (M.L.-V.); (B.C.W.)
| | - Brooke Carmen Williamsen
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Wisconsin, UW Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53792, USA; (M.L.-V.); (B.C.W.)
| | - Jeffrey Helgager
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Wisconsin, UW Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53792, USA;
| | - Mahua Dey
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine & Public Health, University of Wisconsin, UW Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53792, USA; (M.L.-V.); (B.C.W.)
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Da-Veiga MA, Rogister B, Lombard A, Neirinckx V, Piette C. Glioma Stem Cells in Pediatric High-Grade Gliomas: From Current Knowledge to Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092296. [PMID: 35565425 PMCID: PMC9099564 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG) has a dismal prognosis in which the younger the patient, the more restricted the treatments are, in regard to the incurred risks. Current therapies destroy many tumor cells but fail to target the highly malignant glioma stem cells (GSCs) that adapt quickly to give rise to recurring, treatment-resistant cancers. Despite a lack of consensus around an efficient detection, GSCs are well described in adult brain tumors but remain poorly investigated in pediatric cases, mostly due to their rarity. An improved knowledge about GSC roles in pediatric tumors would provide a key leverage towards the elimination of this sub-population, based on targeted treatments. The aim of this review is to sum up the state of art about GSCs in pHGG. Abstract In children, high-grade gliomas (HGG) and diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) account for a high proportion of death due to cancer. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are tumor cells in a specific state defined by a tumor-initiating capacity following serial transplantation, self-renewal, and an ability to recapitulate tumor heterogeneity. Their presence was demonstrated several decades ago in adult glioblastoma (GBM), and more recently in pediatric HGG and DMG. In adults, we and others have previously suggested that GSCs nest into the subventricular zone (SVZ), a neurogenic niche, where, among others, they find shelter from therapy. Both bench and bedside evidence strongly indicate a role for the GSCs and the SVZ in GBM progression, fostering the development of innovative targeting treatments. Such new therapeutic approaches are of particular interest in infants, in whom standard therapies are often limited due to the risk of late effects. The aim of this review is to describe current knowledge about GSCs in pediatric HGG and DMG, i.e., their characterization, the models that apply to their development and maintenance, the specific signaling pathways that may underlie their activity, and their specific interactions with neurogenic niches. Finally, we will discuss the clinical relevance of these observations and the therapeutic advantages of targeting the SVZ and/or the GSCs in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-Antoine Da-Veiga
- Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapy, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (M.-A.D.-V.); (B.R.); (A.L.); (V.N.)
| | - Bernard Rogister
- Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapy, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (M.-A.D.-V.); (B.R.); (A.L.); (V.N.)
- Department of Neurology, CHU of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Lombard
- Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapy, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (M.-A.D.-V.); (B.R.); (A.L.); (V.N.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHU of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Virginie Neirinckx
- Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapy, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (M.-A.D.-V.); (B.R.); (A.L.); (V.N.)
| | - Caroline Piette
- Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapy, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (M.-A.D.-V.); (B.R.); (A.L.); (V.N.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, CHU Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Correspondence:
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31
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Bone morphogenetic protein receptor inhibitors suppress the growth of glioblastoma cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1583-1595. [PMID: 35192123 PMCID: PMC8989651 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04383-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs) are aggressive brain tumors that are resistant to chemotherapy and radiation. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) ligand BMP4 is being examined as a potential therapeutic for GBMs because it induces differentiation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) to an astrocyte phenotype. ID1 is reported to promote self-renewal and inhibit CSC differentiation. In most cancers, ID1 is transcriptionally upregulated by BMP4 promoting invasion and stemness. This conflicting data bring into question whether BMP signaling is growth suppressive or growth promoting in GBMs. We utilized BMP inhibitors DMH1, JL5, and Ym155 to examine the role of BMP signaling on the growth of GBMs. DMH1 targets BMP type 1 receptors whereas JL5 inhibits both the type 1 and type 2 BMP receptors. Ym155 does not bind the BMP receptors but rather inhibits BMP signaling by inducing the degradation of BMPR2. We show that JL5, DMH1, and Ym155 decreased the expression of ID1 in SD2 and U87 cells. JL5 and Ym155 also decreased the expression of BMPR2 and its downstream target inhibitor of apoptosis protein XIAP. JL5 treatment resulted in significant cell death and suppressed self-renewal to a greater extent than that induced by BMP4 ligand. The lysosome inhibitor chloroquine increases the localization of BMPR2 to the plasma membrane enhancing JL5-induced downregulation of ID1 and cell death in SD2 cells. We show that BMP signaling is growth promoting in GBMs. These studies suggest the need for development of BMP inhibitors and evaluation as potential therapeutic for GBMs.
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32
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Sahu U, Barth RF, Otani Y, McCormack R, Kaur B. Rat and Mouse Brain Tumor Models for Experimental Neuro-Oncology Research. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2022; 81:312-329. [PMID: 35446393 PMCID: PMC9113334 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlac021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Rodent brain tumor models have been useful for developing effective therapies for glioblastomas (GBMs). In this review, we first discuss the 3 most commonly used rat brain tumor models, the C6, 9L, and F98 gliomas, which are all induced by repeated injections of nitrosourea to adult rats. The C6 glioma arose in an outbred Wistar rat and its potential to evoke an alloimmune response is a serious limitation. The 9L gliosarcoma arose in a Fischer rat and is strongly immunogenic, which must be taken into consideration when using it for therapy studies. The F98 glioma may be the best of the 3 but it does not fully recapitulate human GBMs because it is weakly immunogenic. Next, we discuss a number of mouse models. The first are human patient-derived xenograft gliomas in immunodeficient mice. These have failed to reproduce the tumor-host interactions and microenvironment of human GBMs. Genetically engineered mouse models recapitulate the molecular alterations of GBMs in an immunocompetent environment and “humanized” mouse models repopulate with human immune cells. While the latter are rarely isogenic, expensive to produce, and challenging to use, they represent an important advance. The advantages and limitations of each of these brain tumor models are discussed. This information will assist investigators in selecting the most appropriate model for the specific focus of their research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upasana Sahu
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rolf F Barth
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Otani
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ryan McCormack
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Balveen Kaur
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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33
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Zhang L, Nesvick CL, Day CA, Choi J, Lu VM, Peterson T, Power EA, Anderson JB, Hamdan FH, Decker PA, Simons R, Welby JP, Siada R, Ge J, Kaptzan T, Johnsen SA, Hinchcliffe EH, Daniels DJ. STAT3 is a biologically relevant therapeutic target in H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma. Neuro Oncol 2022; 24:1700-1711. [PMID: 35397475 PMCID: PMC9527528 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is a lethal brain tumor that usually occurs in children. Despite advances in our understanding of its underlying biology, efficacious therapies are severely lacking. Methods We screened a library of drugs either FDA-approved or in clinical trial using a library of patient-derived H3K27M-mutant DMG cell lines with cell viability as the outcome. Results were validated for clinical relevance and mechanistic importance using patient specimens from biopsy and autopsy, patient-derived cell lines, inhibition by gene knockdown and small molecule inhibitors, and patient-derived xenografts. Results Kinase inhibitors were highly toxic to H3K27M-mutant DMG cells. Within this class, STAT3 inhibitors demonstrated robust cytotoxic activity in vitro. Mechanistic analyses revealed one form of activated STAT3, phospho-tyrosine- 705 STAT3 (pSTAT3), was selectively upregulated in H3K27M-mutant cell lines and clinical specimens. STAT3 inhibition by CRISPR/Cas9 knockout, shRNA or small molecule inhibition reduced cell viability in vitro, and partially restored expression of the polycomb repressive mark H3K27me3, which is classically lost in H3K27M-mutant DMG. Putative STAT3-regulated genes were enriched in an H3K27M-knockout DMG cell line, indicating relative gain of STAT3 signaling in K27M-mutant cells. Treatment of patient-derived intracranial xenografts with WP1066, a STAT3 pathway inhibitor currently in clinical use for pediatric brain tumors, resulted in stasis of tumor growth, and increased overall survival. Finally, pSTAT3(Y705) was detected in circulating plasma extracellular vesicles of patients with H3K27M-mutant DMG. Conclusions STAT3 is a biologically relevant therapeutic target in H3K27M-mutant DMG. STAT3 inhibition should be considered in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Cody L Nesvick
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Charlie A Day
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Victor M Lu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Timothy Peterson
- Department of Cardiac Regeneration Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Jacob B Anderson
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Feda H Hamdan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Paul A Decker
- Department of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Renae Simons
- Campbell University Jerry M. Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine
| | - John P Welby
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ruby Siada
- Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jizhi Ge
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tatiana Kaptzan
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Steven A Johnsen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Robert Bosch Center for Tumor Diseases, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - David J Daniels
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Program
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34
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Laspidea V, Puigdelloses M, Labiano S, Marrodán L, Garcia-Moure M, Zalacain M, Gonzalez-Huarriz M, Martínez-Vélez N, Ausejo-Mauleon I, de la Nava D, Herrador-Cañete G, Marco-Sanz J, Guruceaga E, de Andrea CE, Villalba M, Becher O, Squatrito M, Matía V, Gállego Pérez-Larraya J, Patiño-García A, Gupta S, Gomez-Manzano C, Fueyo J, Alonso MM. Exploiting 4-1BB immune checkpoint to enhance the efficacy of oncolytic virotherapy for diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas. JCI Insight 2022; 7:154812. [PMID: 35393952 PMCID: PMC9057625 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.154812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) are aggressive pediatric brain tumors, and patient survival has not changed despite many therapeutic efforts, emphasizing the urgent need for effective treatments. Here, we evaluated the anti-DIPG effect of the oncolytic adenovirus Delta-24-ACT, which was engineered to express the costimulatory ligand 4-1BBL to potentiate the antitumor immune response of the virus. Delta-24-ACT induced the expression of functional 4-1BBL on the membranes of infected DIPG cells, which enhanced the costimulation of CD8+ T lymphocytes. In vivo, Delta-24-ACT treatment of murine DIPG orthotopic tumors significantly improved the survival of treated mice, leading to long-term survivors that developed immunological memory against these tumors. In addition, Delta-24-ACT was safe and caused no local or systemic toxicity. Mechanistic studies showed that Delta-24-ACT modulated the tumor-immune content, not only increasing the number, but also improving the functionality of immune cells. All of these data highlight the safety and potential therapeutic benefit of Delta-24-ACT the treatment of patients with DIPG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Laspidea
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Solid Tumor Program, Center for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Puigdelloses
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Solid Tumor Program, Center for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Labiano
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Solid Tumor Program, Center for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Lucía Marrodán
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Solid Tumor Program, Center for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marc Garcia-Moure
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Solid Tumor Program, Center for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Zalacain
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Solid Tumor Program, Center for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marisol Gonzalez-Huarriz
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Solid Tumor Program, Center for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Naiara Martínez-Vélez
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Solid Tumor Program, Center for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iker Ausejo-Mauleon
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Solid Tumor Program, Center for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel de la Nava
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Solid Tumor Program, Center for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Guillermo Herrador-Cañete
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Solid Tumor Program, Center for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression Program, Center for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Javier Marco-Sanz
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Solid Tumor Program, Center for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Guruceaga
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Bioinformatics Platform, El Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos E de Andrea
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Villalba
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Oren Becher
- Department of Pediatrics.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, and.,Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Division of Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Massimo Squatrito
- Seve Ballesteros Foundation Brain Tumor Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Matía
- Seve Ballesteros Foundation Brain Tumor Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Gállego Pérez-Larraya
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Solid Tumor Program, Center for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Neurology, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Patiño-García
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Solid Tumor Program, Center for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sumit Gupta
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Candelaria Gomez-Manzano
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Juan Fueyo
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Marta M Alonso
- Health Research Institute of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Solid Tumor Program, Center for the Applied Medical Research, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Navarra University Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
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35
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Abstract
Chromatin dysfunction has been implicated in a growing number of cancers especially in children and young adults. In addition to chromatin modifying and remodeling enzymes, mutations in histone genes are linked to human cancers. Since the first reports of hotspot missense mutations affecting key residues at histone H3 tail, studies have revealed how these so-called "oncohistones" dominantly (H3K27M and H3K36M) or locally (H3.3G34R/W) inhibit corresponding histone methyltransferases and misregulate epigenome and transcriptome to promote tumorigenesis. More recently, widespread mutations in all four core histones are identified in diverse cancer types. Furthermore, an "oncohistone-like" protein EZHIP has been implicated in driving childhood ependymomas through a mechanism highly reminiscent of H3K27M mutation. We will review recent progresses on understanding the biochemical, molecular and biological mechanisms underlying the canonical and novel histone mutations. Importantly, these mechanistic insights have identified therapeutic opportunities for oncohistone-driven tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Sahu
- Department of Genetics and Development and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Genetics and Development and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA,Corresponding author: Chao Lu:
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36
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Carvalho DM, Richardson PJ, Olaciregui N, Stankunaite R, Lavarino C, Molinari V, Corley EA, Smith DP, Ruddle R, Donovan A, Pal A, Raynaud FI, Temelso S, Mackay A, Overington JP, Phelan A, Sheppard D, Mackinnon A, Zebian B, Al-Sarraj S, Merve A, Pryce J, Grill J, Hubank M, Cruz O, Morales La Madrid A, Mueller S, Carcaboso AM, Carceller F, Jones C. Repurposing Vandetanib plus Everolimus for the Treatment of ACVR1-Mutant Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma. Cancer Discov 2022; 12:416-431. [PMID: 34551970 PMCID: PMC7612365 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-1201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Somatic mutations in ACVR1 are found in a quarter of children with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), but there are no ACVR1 inhibitors licensed for the disease. Using an artificial intelligence-based platform to search for approved compounds for ACVR1-mutant DIPG, the combination of vandetanib and everolimus was identified as a possible therapeutic approach. Vandetanib, an inhibitor of VEGFR/RET/EGFR, was found to target ACVR1 (K d = 150 nmol/L) and reduce DIPG cell viability in vitro but has limited ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. In addition to mTOR, everolimus inhibited ABCG2 (BCRP) and ABCB1 (P-gp) transporters and was synergistic in DIPG cells when combined with vandetanib in vitro. This combination was well tolerated in vivo and significantly extended survival and reduced tumor burden in an orthotopic ACVR1-mutant patient-derived DIPG xenograft model. Four patients with ACVR1-mutant DIPG were treated with vandetanib plus an mTOR inhibitor, informing the dosing and toxicity profile of this combination for future clinical studies. SIGNIFICANCE: Twenty-five percent of patients with the incurable brainstem tumor DIPG harbor somatic activating mutations in ACVR1, but there are no approved drugs targeting the receptor. Using artificial intelligence, we identify and validate, both experimentally and clinically, the novel combination of vandetanib and everolimus in these children based on both signaling and pharmacokinetic synergies.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 275.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Carvalho
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nagore Olaciregui
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Reda Stankunaite
- Molecular Diagnostics, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Cinzia Lavarino
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valeria Molinari
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth A Corley
- Children & Young People's Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ruth Ruddle
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Donovan
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Akos Pal
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Florence I Raynaud
- Division of Cancer Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Temelso
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Mackay
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Andrew Mackinnon
- Children & Young People's Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
- Atkinson Morley Regional Neuroscience Centre, St George's Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bassel Zebian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kings College Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Safa Al-Sarraj
- Department of Clinical Neuropathology, Kings College Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashirwad Merve
- Institute of Neurology, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Pryce
- South West London Pathology, St George's Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jacques Grill
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology and INSERM Unit U891, Team "Genomics and Oncogenesis of Pediatric Brain Tumors," Gustave Roussy and University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Michael Hubank
- Molecular Diagnostics, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Ofelia Cruz
- Paediatric Oncology, Neuro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Sabine Mueller
- University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Angel M Carcaboso
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Carceller
- Children & Young People's Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom.
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Jones
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
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Hawkins C, Lubanszky E. The diverse landscape of histone-mutant pediatric high-grade gliomas: A narrative review. GLIOMA 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/glioma.glioma_1_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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38
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Ni S, Chen R, Hu K. Experimental murine models of brainstem gliomas. Drug Discov Today 2021; 27:1218-1235. [PMID: 34954326 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As an intractable central nervous system (CNS) tumor, brainstem gliomas (BGs) are one of the leading causes of pediatric death by brain tumors. Owing to the risk of surgical resection and the little improvement in survival time after radiotherapy and chemotherapy, there is an urgent need to find reliable model systems to better understand the regional pathogenesis of the brainstem and improve treatment strategies. In this review, we outline the evolution of BG murine models, and discuss both their advantages and limitations in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Ni
- Murad Research Center for Modernized Chinese Medicine, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Rujing Chen
- Murad Research Center for Modernized Chinese Medicine, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Kaili Hu
- Murad Research Center for Modernized Chinese Medicine, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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39
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Hayden E, Holliday H, Lehmann R, Khan A, Tsoli M, Rayner BS, Ziegler DS. Therapeutic Targets in Diffuse Midline Gliomas-An Emerging Landscape. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246251. [PMID: 34944870 PMCID: PMC8699135 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) remain one of the most devastating childhood brain tumour types, for which there is currently no known cure. In this review we provide a summary of the existing knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of this disease, highlighting current analyses and novel treatment propositions. Together, the accumulation of these data will aid in the understanding and development of more effective therapeutic options for the treatment of DMGs. Abstract Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) are invariably fatal pediatric brain tumours that are inherently resistant to conventional therapy. In recent years our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of DMG tumorigenicity has resulted in the identification of novel targets and the development of a range of potential therapies, with multiple agents now being progressed to clinical translation to test their therapeutic efficacy. Here, we provide an overview of the current therapies aimed at epigenetic and mutational drivers, cellular pathway aberrations and tumor microenvironment mechanisms in DMGs in order to aid therapy development and facilitate a holistic approach to patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisha Hayden
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; (E.H.); (H.H.); (R.L.); (A.K.); (M.T.); (B.S.R.)
| | - Holly Holliday
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; (E.H.); (H.H.); (R.L.); (A.K.); (M.T.); (B.S.R.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lehmann
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; (E.H.); (H.H.); (R.L.); (A.K.); (M.T.); (B.S.R.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia
| | - Aaminah Khan
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; (E.H.); (H.H.); (R.L.); (A.K.); (M.T.); (B.S.R.)
| | - Maria Tsoli
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; (E.H.); (H.H.); (R.L.); (A.K.); (M.T.); (B.S.R.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia
| | - Benjamin S. Rayner
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; (E.H.); (H.H.); (R.L.); (A.K.); (M.T.); (B.S.R.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia
| | - David S. Ziegler
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; (E.H.); (H.H.); (R.L.); (A.K.); (M.T.); (B.S.R.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick 2031, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-9382-1730; Fax: +61-2-9382-1789
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40
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Chen HY, Hu Y, Xu XB, Zhou YA, Li NS, He C, Xie C, Lu NH, Zhu Y. Upregulation of oncogene Activin A receptor type I by Helicobacter pylori infection promotes gastric intestinal metaplasia via regulating CDX2. Helicobacter 2021; 26:e12849. [PMID: 34490965 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activin A receptor type I (ACVR1) is involved in tumorigenesis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of ACVR1 in gastric cancer (GC) and its association with Helicobacter pylori remained unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database were utilized to explore the ACVR1 expression in GC and normal control and its association with survival. The ACVR1 was knocked out using CRISPR/Cas-9; RNA sequencing analysis was performed in AGS cells with ACVR1 knockout and normal control. Functional experiments (CCK-8, colony-forming, and transwell assays) were conducted to demonstrate the role of ACVR1 in cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. H. pylori-infected C57/BL6 models were established. ACVR1, p-Smad1/5, and CDX2 were detected in AGS cells cocultured with H. pylori strains. The CDX2 and key elements of BMP signaling pathway were detected in AGS cells with ACVR1 knockout and normal control. In addition, Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the ACVR1 and CDX2 expression in gastric samples. RESULTS ACVR1 expression was higher in GC than normal control from TCGA, GEPIA, and samples collected from our hospital (p < 0.05). ACVR1 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Both cagA+ and cagA- H. pylori could upregulate the expression ACVR1 (p < 0.05). Downregulation of ACVR1 inhibited the H. pylori-induced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion (p < 0.05). H. pylori increased the expression of p-Smad 1/5 and CDX2. The CDX2 and key elements of BMP signaling pathway were downregulated in AGS cells with ACVR1 knockout. ACVR1 and CDX2 were upregulated in the stage of intestinal metaplasia (IM). Moreover, ACVR1 and CDX2 expressions were higher in H. pylori-positive group than H. pylori-negative group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our data indicate that H. pylori infection increases ACVR1 expression, promoting gastric IM via regulating CDX2, which is an essential step in H. pylori carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin-Bo Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan-An Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Nian-Shuang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Cong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chuan Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Nong-Hua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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41
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Pharmaco-proteogenomic profiling of pediatric diffuse midline glioma to inform future treatment strategies. Oncogene 2021; 41:461-475. [PMID: 34759345 PMCID: PMC8782719 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02102-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is a deadly pediatric and adolescent central nervous system (CNS) tumor localized along the midline structures of the brain atop the spinal cord. With a median overall survival (OS) of just 9–11-months, DMG is characterized by global hypomethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3), driven by recurring somatic mutations in H3 genes including, HIST1H3B/C (H3.1K27M) or H3F3A (H3.3K27M), or through overexpression of EZHIP in patients harboring wildtype H3. The recent World Health Organization’s 5th Classification of CNS Tumors now designates DMG as, ‘H3 K27-altered’, suggesting that global H3K27me3 hypomethylation is a ubiquitous feature of DMG and drives devastating transcriptional programs for which there are no treatments. H3-alterations co-segregate with various other somatic driver mutations, highlighting the high-level of intertumoral heterogeneity of DMG. Furthermore, DMG is also characterized by very high-level intratumoral diversity with tumors harboring multiple subclones within each primary tumor. Each subclone contains their own combinations of driver and passenger lesions that continually evolve, making precision-based medicine challenging to successful execute. Whilst the intertumoral heterogeneity of DMG has been extensively investigated, this is yet to translate to an increase in patient survival. Conversely, our understanding of the non-genomic factors that drive the rapid growth and fatal nature of DMG, including endogenous and exogenous microenvironmental influences, neurological cues, and the posttranscriptional and posttranslational architecture of DMG remains enigmatic or at best, immature. However, these factors are likely to play a significant role in the complex biological sequelae that drives the disease. Here we summarize the heterogeneity of DMG and emphasize how analysis of the posttranslational architecture may improve treatment paradigms. We describe factors that contribute to treatment response and disease progression, as well as highlight the potential for pharmaco-proteogenomics (i.e., the integration of genomics, proteomics and pharmacology) in the management of this uniformly fatal cancer.
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42
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Arakaki AKS, Szulzewsky F, Gilbert MR, Gujral TS, Holland EC. Utilizing preclinical models to develop targeted therapies for rare central nervous system cancers. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:S4-S15. [PMID: 34725698 PMCID: PMC8561121 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with rare central nervous system (CNS) tumors typically have a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Historically, these cancers have been difficult to study due to small number of patients. Recent technological advances have identified molecular drivers of some of these rare cancers which we can now use to generate representative preclinical models of these diseases. In this review, we outline the advantages and disadvantages of different models, emphasizing the utility of various in vitro and ex vivo models for target discovery and mechanistic inquiry and multiple in vivo models for therapeutic validation. We also highlight recent literature on preclinical model generation and screening approaches for ependymomas, histone mutated high-grade gliomas, and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors, all of which are rare CNS cancers that have recently established genetic or epigenetic drivers. These preclinical models are critical to advancing targeted therapeutics for these rare CNS cancers that currently rely on conventional treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleena K S Arakaki
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Frank Szulzewsky
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Taranjit S Gujral
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Eric C Holland
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
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43
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Bočkaj I, Martini TEI, de Camargo Magalhães ES, Bakker PL, Meeuwsen-de Boer TGJ, Armandari I, Meuleman SL, Mondria MT, Stok C, Kok YP, Bakker B, Wardenaar R, Seiler J, Broekhuis MJC, van den Bos H, Spierings DCJ, Ringnalda FCA, Clevers H, Schüller U, van Vugt MATM, Foijer F, Bruggeman SWM. The H3.3K27M oncohistone affects replication stress outcome and provokes genomic instability in pediatric glioma. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009868. [PMID: 34752469 PMCID: PMC8604337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
While comprehensive molecular profiling of histone H3.3 mutant pediatric high-grade glioma has revealed extensive dysregulation of the chromatin landscape, the exact mechanisms driving tumor formation remain poorly understood. Since H3.3 mutant gliomas also exhibit high levels of copy number alterations, we set out to address if the H3.3K27M oncohistone leads to destabilization of the genome. Hereto, we established a cell culture model allowing inducible H3.3K27M expression and observed an increase in mitotic abnormalities. We also found enhanced interaction of DNA replication factors with H3.3K27M during mitosis, indicating replication defects. Further functional analyses revealed increased genomic instability upon replication stress, as represented by mitotic bulky and ultrafine DNA bridges. This co-occurred with suboptimal 53BP1 nuclear body formation after mitosis in vitro, and in human glioma. Finally, we observed a decrease in ultrafine DNA bridges following deletion of the K27M mutant H3F3A allele in primary high-grade glioma cells. Together, our data uncover a role for H3.3 in DNA replication under stress conditions that is altered by the K27M mutation, promoting genomic instability and potentially glioma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Bočkaj
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tosca E. I. Martini
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Eduardo S. de Camargo Magalhães
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Glial Cell Biology Laboratory, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Petra L. Bakker
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tiny G. J. Meeuwsen-de Boer
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Inna Armandari
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Saskia L. Meuleman
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marin T. Mondria
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Colin Stok
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yannick P. Kok
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bjorn Bakker
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - René Wardenaar
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jonas Seiler
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- iPSC/CRISPR facility, Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mathilde J. C. Broekhuis
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- iPSC/CRISPR facility, Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hilda van den Bos
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Diana C. J. Spierings
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Femke C. A. Ringnalda
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Clevers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Research Institute Children’s Cancer Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcel A. T. M. van Vugt
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Floris Foijer
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- iPSC/CRISPR facility, Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sophia W. M. Bruggeman
- Department of Ageing Biology/ERIBA, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Argersinger DP, Rivas SR, Shah AH, Jackson S, Heiss JD. New Developments in the Pathogenesis, Therapeutic Targeting, and Treatment of H3K27M-Mutant Diffuse Midline Glioma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215280. [PMID: 34771443 PMCID: PMC8582453 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) are rare childhood central nervous system tumors that carry a dismal prognosis. Thus, innovative treatment approaches are greatly needed to improve clinical outcomes for these patients. Here, we discuss current trends in research of H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma. This review highlights new developments of molecular pathophysiology for these tumors, as they relate to epigenetics and therapeutic targeting. We focus our discussion on combinatorial therapies addressing the inherent complexity of treating H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline gliomas and incorporating recent advances in immunotherapy, molecular biology, genetics, radiation, and stereotaxic surgical diagnostics.
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Lindroth AM, Park YJ, Matía V, Squatrito M. The mechanistic GEMMs of oncogenic histones. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:R226-R235. [PMID: 32639003 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The last decade's progress unraveling the mutational landscape of all age groups of cancer has uncovered mutations in histones as vital contributors of tumorigenesis. Here we review three new aspects of oncogenic histones: first, the identification of additional histone mutations potentially contributing to cancer formation; second, tumors expressing histone mutations to study the crosstalk of post-translational modifications, and; third, development of sophisticated biological model systems to reproduce tumorigenesis. At the outset, we recapitulate the firstly discovered histone mutations in pediatric and adolescent tumors of the brain and bone, which still remain the most pronounced histone alterations in cancer. We branch out to discuss the ramifications of histone mutations, including novel ones, that stem from altered protein-protein interactions of cognate histone modifiers as well as the stability of the nucleosome. We close by discussing animal models of oncogenic histones that reproduce tumor formation molecularly and morphologically and the prospect of utilizing them for drug testing, leading to efficient treatment and cure of deadly cancers with histone mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders M Lindroth
- Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jung Park
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Verónica Matía
- Seve Ballesteros Foundation Brain Tumor Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, CNIO, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Massimo Squatrito
- Seve Ballesteros Foundation Brain Tumor Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center, CNIO, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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46
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Chervonski E, Brockman AA, Khurana R, Chen Y, Greenberg S, Hay MS, Luo Y, Miller J, Patelis D, Whitney SK, Walker M, Ihrie RA. Creation and validation of 3D-printed head molds for stereotaxic injections of neonatal mouse brains. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 360:109255. [PMID: 34139267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasing number of rodent model systems use injection of DNA or viral constructs in the neonatal brain. However, approaches for reliable positioning and stereotaxic injection at this developmental stage are limited, typically relying on handheld positioning or molds that must be re-aligned for use in a given laboratory. NEW METHOD A complete protocol and open-source software pipeline for generating 3D-printed head molds derived from a CT scan of a neonatal mouse head cast, together with a universal adapter that can be placed on a standard stereotaxic stage. RESULTS A series of test injections with adenovirus encoding red fluorescent protein, or Fluorogold, were conducted using original clay molds and newly generated 3D printed molds. Several metrics were used to compare spread and localization of targeted injections. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS The new method of head mold generation gave comparable results to the field standard, but also allowed the rapid generation of additional copies of each head mold with standardized positioning of the head each time. CONCLUSIONS This 3D printing pipeline can be used to efficiently develop a series of head molds with standardized injection coordinates across multiple laboratories. More broadly, this pipeline can easily be adapted to other perinatal ages or species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Chervonski
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - Asa A Brockman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - Rohit Khurana
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - Yuhao Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | | | - Madeleine S Hay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - Yifu Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - Jason Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - Deanna Patelis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - Sarah K Whitney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - Matthew Walker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - Rebecca A Ihrie
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA.
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47
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Ross JL, Vega JV, Plant A, MacDonald TJ, Becher OJ, Hambardzumyan D. Tumor immune landscape of paediatric high-grade gliomas. Brain 2021; 144:2594-2609. [PMID: 33856022 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, remarkable progress has been made towards elucidating the origin and genomic landscape of childhood high-grade brain tumors. It has become evident that pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) differ from adult HGGs with respect to multiple defining aspects including: DNA copy number, gene expression profiles, tumor locations within the central nervous system, and genetic alterations such as somatic histone mutations. Despite these advances, clinical trials for children with glioma have historically been based on ineffective adult regimens that fail to take into consideration the fundamental biological differences between the two. Additionally, although our knowledge of the intrinsic cellular mechanisms driving tumor progression has considerably expanded, little is known concerning the dynamic tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in pHGGs. In this review, we explore the genetic and epigenetic landscape of pHGGs and how this drives the creation of specific tumor sub-groups with meaningful survival outcomes. Further, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the pHGG TIME and discuss emerging therapeutic efforts aimed at exploiting the immune functions of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Ross
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jose Velazquez Vega
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ashley Plant
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Tobey J MacDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Oren J Becher
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Dolores Hambardzumyan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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48
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Chen Z, Peng P, Zhang X, Mania-Farnell B, Xi G, Wan F. Advanced Pediatric Diffuse Pontine Glioma Murine Models Pave the Way towards Precision Medicine. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051114. [PMID: 33807733 PMCID: PMC7961799 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) account for ~15% of pediatric brain tumors, which invariably present with poor survival regardless of treatment mode. Several seminal studies have revealed that 80% of DIPGs harbor H3K27M mutation coded by HIST1H3B, HIST1H3C and H3F3A genes. The H3K27M mutation has broad effects on gene expression and is considered a tumor driver. Determination of the effects of H3K27M on posttranslational histone modifications and gene regulations in DIPG is critical for identifying effective therapeutic targets. Advanced animal models play critical roles in translating these cutting-edge findings into clinical trial development. Here, we review current molecular research progress associated with DIPG. We also summarize DIPG animal models, highlighting novel genomic engineered mouse models (GEMMs) and innovative humanized DIPG mouse models. These models will pave the way towards personalized precision medicine for the treatment of DIPGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zirong Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Z.C.); (P.P.); (X.Z.)
| | - Peng Peng
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Z.C.); (P.P.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Z.C.); (P.P.); (X.Z.)
| | - Barbara Mania-Farnell
- Department of Biological Science, Purdue University Northwest, Hammond, IN 46323, USA;
| | - Guifa Xi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Correspondence: (G.X.); (F.W.); Tel.: +1-(312)5034296 (G.X.); +86-(027)-8366-5201 (F.W.)
| | - Feng Wan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Z.C.); (P.P.); (X.Z.)
- Correspondence: (G.X.); (F.W.); Tel.: +1-(312)5034296 (G.X.); +86-(027)-8366-5201 (F.W.)
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Karki A, Berlow NE, Kim JA, Hulleman E, Liu Q, Michalek JE, Keller C. Receptor-driven invasion profiles in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Neurooncol Adv 2021; 3:vdab039. [PMID: 34013206 PMCID: PMC8117434 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a devastating pediatric cancer with unmet clinical need. DIPG is invasive in nature, where tumor cells interweave into the fiber nerve tracts of the pons making the tumor unresectable. Accordingly, novel approaches in combating the disease are of utmost importance and receptor-driven cell invasion in the context of DIPG is under-researched area. Here, we investigated the impact on cell invasion mediated by PLEXINB1, PLEXINB2, platelet growth factor receptor (PDGFR)α, PDGFRβ, epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), activin receptor 1 (ACVR1), chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), and NOTCH1. Methods We used previously published RNA-sequencing data to measure gene expression of selected receptors in DIPG tumor tissue versus matched normal tissue controls (n = 18). We assessed protein expression of the corresponding genes using DIPG cell culture models. Then, we performed cell viability and cell invasion assays of DIPG cells stimulated with chemoattractants/ligands. Results RNA-sequencing data showed increased gene expression of receptor genes such as PLEXINB2, PDGFRα, EGFR, ACVR1, CXCR4, and NOTCH1 in DIPG tumors compared to the control tissues. Representative DIPG cell lines demonstrated correspondingly increased protein expression levels of these genes. Cell viability assays showed minimal effects of growth factors/chemokines on tumor cell growth in most instances. Recombinant SEMA4C, SEM4D, PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB, ACVA, CXCL12, and DLL4 ligand stimulation altered invasion in DIPG cells. Conclusions We show that no single growth factor-ligand pair universally induces DIPG cell invasion. However, our results reveal a potential to create a composite of cytokines or anti-cytokines to modulate DIPG cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Karki
- Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Noah E Berlow
- Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Jin-Ah Kim
- Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Esther Hulleman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht,The Netherlands
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Joel E Michalek
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Charles Keller
- Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
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50
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Custers L, Paassen I, Drost J. In vitro Modeling of Embryonal Tumors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:640633. [PMID: 33718380 PMCID: PMC7952537 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.640633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A subset of pediatric tumors affects very young children and are thought to arise during fetal life. A common theme is that these embryonal tumors hijack developmental programs, causing a block in differentiation and, as a consequence, unrestricted proliferation. Embryonal tumors, therefore typically maintain an embryonic gene signature not found in their differentiated progeny. Still, the processes underpinning malignant transformation remain largely unknown, which is hampering therapeutic innovation. To gain more insight into these processes, in vitro and in vivo research models are indispensable. However, embryonic development is an extremely dynamic process with continuously changing cellular identities, making it challenging to define cells-of-origin. This is crucial for the development of representative models, as targeting the wrong cell or targeting a cell within an incorrect developmental time window can result in completely different phenotypes. Recent innovations in in vitro cell models may provide more versatile platforms to study embryonal tumors in a scalable manner. In this review, we outline different in vitro models that can be explored to study embryonal tumorigenesis and for therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Custers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Irene Paassen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jarno Drost
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
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