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Wang H, Li K, Hao X, Pan J, Zhuang T, Dai X, Wang J, Chen B, Chong D. Capillary compression induced outstanding n-type thermoelectric power factor in CNT films towards intelligent temperature controller. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5617. [PMID: 38965250 PMCID: PMC11224367 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50057-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
One-dimensional carbon nanotubes are promising candidates for thermoelectrics because of their excellent electrical and mechanical properties. However, the large n-type power factor remains elusive in macroscopic carbon nanotubes films. Herein, we report an outstanding n-type power factor of 6.75 mW m-1 K-2 for macroscopic carbon nanotubes films with high electrical and thermal conductivity. A high-power density curl-able thermoelectric generator is fabricated with the obtained carbon nanotubes films, which exhibits a high normalized power output density of 2.75 W m-1 at a temperature difference of 85 K. The value is higher than that of previously reported flexible all-inorganic thermoelectric generators (<0.3 W m-1). An intelligent temperature controller with automated temperature-controlling ability is fabricated by assembling these thermoelectric generators, which demonstrates the potential application of the carbon nanotubes films in automated thermal management of electronic devices where requires a large thermoelectric power factor and a large thermal conductivity simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China.
| | - Kuncai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Xin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Jiahao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Tiantian Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Xu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Bin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Daotong Chong
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, China
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2
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Cho YS, Lee JW, Jung Y, Park JY, Park JS, Kim SM, Yang SJ, Park CR. Super-Toughness Carbon Nanotube Yarns by Bio-Inspired Nano-Coiling Engineering. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400460. [PMID: 38654622 PMCID: PMC11220680 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Lightweight structural materials are commonly used as effective fillers for advanced composites with high toughness. This study focused on enhancing the toughness of direct-spun carbon nanotube yarns (CNTYs) by controlling the micro-textural structure using a water-gap-based direct spinning. Drawing inspiration from the structural features of natural spider silk fibroin, characterized by an α-helix in the amorphous region and β-sheet in the crystalline region, multiscale bundles within CNTYs are reorganized into a unique nano-coil-like structure. This nano-coiled structure facilitated the efficient dissipation of external mechanical loads through densification with the rearrangement of multiscale bundles, improving specific strength and strain. The resulting CNTYs exhibited exceptional mechanical properties with toughness reaching 250 J g-1, making them promising alternatives to commercially available fibers in lightweight, high-toughness applications. These findings highlight the significance of nano-coiling engineering for emulating bio-inspired micro-textural structures, achieving remarkable enhancement in the toughness of CNTYs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Shik Cho
- Institute of Advanced Composite MaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Wanju55324Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Lee
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonsu Jung
- Composite Research DivisionKorea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)Changwon51508Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yong Park
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical EngineeringEducation and Research Center for Smart Energy and MaterialsInha UniversityIncheon22212Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Seo Park
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical EngineeringEducation and Research Center for Smart Energy and MaterialsInha UniversityIncheon22212Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Min Kim
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical EngineeringEducation and Research Center for Smart Energy and MaterialsInha UniversityIncheon22212Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jae Yang
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical EngineeringEducation and Research Center for Smart Energy and MaterialsInha UniversityIncheon22212Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Rae Park
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
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3
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Zhang X, Lei X, Jia X, Sun T, Luo J, Xu S, Li L, Yan D, Shao Y, Yong Z, Zhang Y, Wu X, Gao E, Jian M, Zhang J. Carbon nanotube fibers with dynamic strength up to 14 GPa. Science 2024; 384:1318-1323. [PMID: 38900888 DOI: 10.1126/science.adj1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
High dynamic strength is of fundamental importance for fibrous materials that are used in high-strain rate environments. Carbon nanotube fibers are one of the most promising candidates. Using a strategy to optimize hierarchical structures, we fabricated carbon nanotube fibers with a dynamic strength of 14 gigapascals (GPa) and excellent energy absorption. The dynamic performance of the fibers is attributed to the simultaneous breakage of individual nanotubes and delocalization of impact energy that occurs during the high-strain rate loading process; these behaviors are due to improvements in interfacial interactions, nanotube alignment, and densification therein. This work presents an effective strategy to utilize the strength of individual carbon nanotubes at the macroscale and provides fresh mechanism insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinshi Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Xudong Lei
- Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangzheng Jia
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Tongzhao Sun
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jiajun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Shichen Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Lijun Li
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Dan Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Yuanlong Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Zhenzhong Yong
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Advanced Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- Division of Nanomaterials and Jiangxi Key Lab of Carbonene Materials, Jiangxi Insitute of Nanotechnology, Nanchang 330200, China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yongyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Advanced Materials Division, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- Division of Nanomaterials and Jiangxi Key Lab of Carbonene Materials, Jiangxi Insitute of Nanotechnology, Nanchang 330200, China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xianqian Wu
- Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Enlai Gao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Muqiang Jian
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
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4
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Huang J, Guo Y, Lei X, Chen B, Hao H, Luo J, Sun T, Jian M, Gao E, Wu X, Ma W, Shao Y, Zhang J. Fabricating Ultrastrong Carbon Nanotube Fibers via a Microwave Welding Interface. ACS NANO 2024; 18:14377-14387. [PMID: 38781118 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Liquid crystal wet-spun carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) offer notable advantages, such as precise alignment and scalability. However, these CNTFs usually suffer premature failure through intertube slippage due to the weak interfacial interactions between adjacent shells and bundles. Herein, we present a microwave (MW) welding strategy to enhance intertube interactions by partially carbonizing interstitial heterocyclic aramid polymers. The resulting CNTFs exhibit ultrahigh static tensile strength (6.74 ± 0.34 GPa) and dynamic tensile strength (9.52 ± 1.31 GPa), outperforming other traditional high-performance fibers. This work provides a straightforward yet effective approach to strengthening CNTFs for advanced engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Yongzhe Guo
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xudong Lei
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Fluid Solid Coupling Systems, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - He Hao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiajun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Tongzhao Sun
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Muqiang Jian
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Enlai Gao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xianqian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Fluid Solid Coupling Systems, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weigang Ma
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuanlong Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
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5
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Hu Z, Sun X, Zhang X, Jia X, Feng X, Cui M, Gao E, Qian L, Gao X, Zhang J. Kinetic Modulation of Carbon Nanotube Growth in Direct Spinning for High-Strength Carbon Nanotube Fibers. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38600631 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
With impressive individual properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) show great potential in constructing high-performance fibers. However, the tensile strength of as-prepared carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) by floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD) is plagued by the weak intertube interaction between the essential CNTs. Here, we developed a chlorine (Cl)/water (H2O)-assisted length furtherance FCCVD (CALF-FCCVD) method to modulate the intertube interaction of CNTs and enhance the mechanical strength of macroscopic fibers. The CNTs acquired by the CALF-FCCVD method show an improvement of 731% in length compared to that by the conventional iron-based FCCVD system. Moreover, CNTFs prepared by CALF-FCCVD spinning exhibit a high tensile strength of 5.27 ± 0.27 GPa (4.62 ± 0.24 N/tex) and reach up to 5.61 GPa (4.92 N/tex), which outperforms most previously reported results. Experimental measurements and density functional theory calculations show that Cl and H2O play a crucial role in the furtherance of CNT growth. Cl released from the decomposition of methylene dichloride greatly accelerates the growth of the CNTs; H2O can remove amorphous carbon on the floating catalysts to extend their lifetime, which further modulates the growth kinetics and improves the purity of the as-prepared fibers. Our design of the CALF-FCCVD platform offers a powerful way to tune CNT growth kinetics in direct spinning toward high-strength CNTFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuncheng Hu
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiucai Sun
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Xinshi Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Xiangzheng Jia
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xueting Feng
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mingwei Cui
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Enlai Gao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Liu Qian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xin Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, China
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6
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Xue J, Liu D, Li D, Hong T, Li C, Zhu Z, Sun Y, Gao X, Guo L, Shen X, Ma P, Zheng Q. New Carbon Materials for Multifunctional Soft Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2312596. [PMID: 38490737 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Soft electronics are garnering significant attention due to their wide-ranging applications in artificial skin, health monitoring, human-machine interaction, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things. Various soft physical sensors such as mechanical sensors, temperature sensors, and humidity sensors are the fundamental building blocks for soft electronics. While the fast growth and widespread utilization of electronic devices have elevated life quality, the consequential electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radiation pose potential threats to device precision and human health. Another substantial concern pertains to overheating issues that occur during prolonged operation. Therefore, the design of multifunctional soft electronics exhibiting excellent capabilities in sensing, EMI shielding, and thermal management is of paramount importance. Because of the prominent advantages in chemical stability, electrical and thermal conductivity, and easy functionalization, new carbon materials including carbon nanotubes, graphene and its derivatives, graphdiyne, and sustainable natural-biomass-derived carbon are particularly promising candidates for multifunctional soft electronics. This review summarizes the latest advancements in multifunctional soft electronics based on new carbon materials across a range of performance aspects, mainly focusing on the structure or composite design, and fabrication method on the physical signals monitoring, EMI shielding, and thermal management. Furthermore, the device integration strategies and corresponding intriguing applications are highlighted. Finally, this review presents prospects aimed at overcoming current barriers and advancing the development of state-of-the-art multifunctional soft electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xue
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Da Li
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Tianzeng Hong
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Chuanbing Li
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Zifu Zhu
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Yuxuan Sun
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Xiaobo Gao
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Lei Guo
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Xi Shen
- Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- The Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, The Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Qingbin Zheng
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
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7
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Jeong YH, Kwon M, Shin S, Lee J, Kim KS. Biomedical Applications of CNT-Based Fibers. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:137. [PMID: 38534244 DOI: 10.3390/bios14030137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been regarded as emerging materials in various applications. However, the range of biomedical applications is limited due to the aggregation and potential toxicity of powder-type CNTs. To overcome these issues, techniques to assemble them into various macroscopic structures, such as one-dimensional fibers, two-dimensional films, and three-dimensional aerogels, have been developed. Among them, carbon nanotube fiber (CNTF) is a one-dimensional aggregate of CNTs, which can be used to solve the potential toxicity problem of individual CNTs. Furthermore, since it has unique properties due to the one-dimensional nature of CNTs, CNTF has beneficial potential for biomedical applications. This review summarizes the biomedical applications using CNTF, such as the detection of biomolecules or signals for biosensors, strain sensors for wearable healthcare devices, and tissue engineering for regenerating human tissues. In addition, by considering the challenges and perspectives of CNTF for biomedical applications, the feasibility of CNTF in biomedical applications is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ho Jeong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Mina Kwon
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangsoo Shin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaegeun Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Su Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Organic Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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8
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Shi YY, Liao SY, Wang QF, Xu XY, Wang XY, Gu XY, Hu YG, Zhu PL, Sun R, Wan YJ. Enhancing the Interaction of Carbon Nanotubes by Metal-Organic Decomposition with Improved Mechanical Strength and Ultra-Broadband EMI Shielding Performance. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:134. [PMID: 38411757 PMCID: PMC10899147 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01344-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The remarkable properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have led to promising applications in the field of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. However, for macroscopic CNT assemblies, such as CNT film, achieving high electrical and mechanical properties remains challenging, which heavily depends on the tube-tube interactions of CNTs. Herein, we develop a novel strategy based on metal-organic decomposition (MOD) to fabricate a flexible silver-carbon nanotube (Ag-CNT) film. The Ag particles are introduced in situ into the CNT film through annealing of MOD, leading to enhanced tube-tube interactions. As a result, the electrical conductivity of Ag-CNT film is up to 6.82 × 105 S m-1, and the EMI shielding effectiveness of Ag-CNT film with a thickness of ~ 7.8 μm exceeds 66 dB in the ultra-broad frequency range (3-40 GHz). The tensile strength and Young's modulus of Ag-CNT film increase from 30.09 ± 3.14 to 76.06 ± 6.20 MPa (~ 253%) and from 1.12 ± 0.33 to 8.90 ± 0.97 GPa (~ 795%), respectively. Moreover, the Ag-CNT film exhibits excellent near-field shielding performance, which can effectively block wireless transmission. This innovative approach provides an effective route to further apply macroscopic CNT assemblies to future portable and wearable electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Shi
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Yuan Liao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao-Feng Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yun Xu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yun Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yin Gu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - You-Gen Hu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peng-Li Zhu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Sun
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Jun Wan
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
- National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Shin S, Song H, Shin YS, Lee J, Seo TH. Bayesian Optimization of Wet-Impregnated Co-Mo/Al 2O 3 Catalyst for Maximizing the Yield of Carbon Nanotube Synthesis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 14:75. [PMID: 38202530 PMCID: PMC10780783 DOI: 10.3390/nano14010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Multimetallic catalysts have demonstrated their high potential for the controlled synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), but their development requires a more complicated optimization than that of monometallic catalysts. Here, we employed Bayesian optimization (BO) to optimize the preparation of Co-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst using wet impregnation, with the goal of maximizing carbon yield in the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis of CNTs. In the catalyst preparation process, we selected four parameters to optimize: the weight percentage of metal, the ratio of Co to Mo in the catalyst, the drying temperature, and the calcination temperature. We ran two parallel BO processes to compare the performance of two types of acquisitions: expected improvement (EI), which does not consider noise, and one-shot knowledge gradient (OKG), which takes noise into account. As a result, both acquisition functions successfully optimized the carbon yield with similar performance. The result suggests that the use of EI, which has a lower computational load, is acceptable if the system has sufficient robustness. The investigation of the contour plots showed that the addition of Mo has a negative effect on carbon yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangsoo Shin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (S.S.); (H.S.); (Y.S.S.)
| | - Hyeongyun Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (S.S.); (H.S.); (Y.S.S.)
| | - Yeon Su Shin
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (S.S.); (H.S.); (Y.S.S.)
| | - Jaegeun Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (S.S.); (H.S.); (Y.S.S.)
- Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Seo
- Green Energy and Nano Technology & R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Gwangju 61012, Republic of Korea
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10
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Shi HL, Shi QQ, Zhan H, Ai JJ, Chen YT, Wang JN. High-Strength Carbon Nanotube Fibers from Purity Control by Atomized Catalytic Pyrolysis and Alignment Improvement by Continuous Large Prestraining. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37987831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Transferring the high strength of individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to macroscopic fibers is still a major technical challenge. In this study, CNT fibers are wound from a hollow cylindrical assembly. In particular, atomized catalytic pyrolysis is utilized to produce the fiber and control its purity. The pristine fiber is then continuously prestrained to have a highly aligned structure for subsequent full densification. Experimental measurements show that the final fiber possesses a high tensile strength (8.0 GPa), specific strength (5.54 N tex-1 (tex: the weight (g) of a fiber of 1 km long)), Young's modulus (350 GPa), and elongation at break (4%). Such an excellent combination is superior to that of any other existing fiber and attributed to the efficient stress transfer among the highly aligned and packed CNTs. Our study provides a new strategy involving atomized catalysis for developing superstrong CNT assemblies such as fibers and films for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liang Shi
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qiang Qiang Shi
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hang Zhan
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jin Jin Ai
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yu Ting Chen
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jian Nong Wang
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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11
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Han SE, Go H, Lee H, Lee CJ. Densification effect on field emission characteristics of CNT film emitters for electron emission devices. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 35:065701. [PMID: 37852212 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad0482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Field electron emission characteristics of the carbon nanotube (CNT) film emitters were investigated according to densification conditions such as nitric acid, acetic acid, and salicylic acid. The emission performance of the CNT film emitters was strongly affected by the densification conditions. Salicylic acid exhibits the best field electron emission properties of the CNT film emitters, followed by nitric acid and acetic acid. The efficient densification of the CNT film emitter by salicylic acid is caused by the role of polarity and p orbitals, nitric acid by hydrogen ions, and acetic acid by weak polarity. After the densification with salicylic acid, the turn-on field of the CNT film emitter decreases from 1.94 Vμm-1to 1.86 Vμm-1, the threshold field decreases from 3.41 Vμm-1to 2.95 Vμm-1, the emission current significantly increases from 20.92 mA to 43.98 mA, and the degradation rate from the long-term emission stability decreases from 49.9% to 21%. The improved emission characteristics are attributed to the increased emission sites at the CNT film and the increased electrical conductivity of the CNT film. The densification is a useful way to enhance the field electron emission properties of CNT film emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Eun Han
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- LuminaX Co., Ltd, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbin Go
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjea Lee
- LuminaX Co., Ltd, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Jin Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- LuminaX Co., Ltd, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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12
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Gao Z, Xu L, Jiao X, Li X, He C, Wang HZ, Sun C, Hou PX, Liu C, Cheng HM. Strong Connection of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Fibers with a Copper Substrate Using an Intermediate Nickel Layer. ACS NANO 2023; 17:18290-18298. [PMID: 37706683 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Lightweight carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) with high electrical conductivity and high tensile strength are considered to be an ideal wiring medium for a wide range of applications. However, connecting CNTFs with metals by soldering is extremely difficult due to the nonreactive nature and poor wettability of CNTs. Here we report a strong connection between single-wall CNTFs (SWCNTFs) and a Cu matrix by introducing an intermediate Ni layer, which enables the formation of mechanically strong and electrically conductive joints between SWCNTFs and a eutectic Sn-37Pb alloy. The electrical resistance change rate (ΔR/R0) of Ni-SWCNTF/solder-Cu interconnects only decreases ∼29.8% after 450 thermal shock cycles between temperatures of -196 and 150 °C, which is 8.2 times lower than that without the Ni layer. First-principles calculations indicate that the introduction of the Ni layer significantly improves the heterogeneous interfacial bond strength of the Ni-SWCNTF/solder-Cu connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqing Gao
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Lele Xu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Jiao
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengjian He
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Zike Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyang Sun
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Xiang Hou
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
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13
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Kim SC. Metal Particle Pencil Beam Spray-Coating Method for High-Density Polymer-Resin Composites: Evaluation of Radiation-Shielding Sheet Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6092. [PMID: 37763369 PMCID: PMC10533030 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Medical shielding suits must be lightweight and satisfy the requirements of thin films to guarantee user mobility and safety. The thin film weight is related to the density and thickness, which are associated with the particle dispersion in shielding materials. An even distribution of metal particles in a polymer can maintain the spacing among them. This paper proposes a pencil beam spray-coating method that involves spraying a constant amount of a polyethylene and tungsten mixture in a thin beam onto a nonwoven fabric at a constant speed. This technique yields higher productivity than does the electrospinning method and is expected to produce materials with better shielding performance than that of materials obtained using the calender method. The shielding performance was evaluated by manufacturing shielding sheets (thickness: 0.48-0.54 mm) using the calender and pencil beam spray-coating methods under the same conditions. The densities and performances of the sheets differed significantly. The sheet manufactured using the proposed method had an even particle dispersion and exhibited 2-4% better shielding performance than did that manufactured using the calender method. Therefore, the pencil beam spray-coating method can effectively satisfy the requirements of thin films for medical radiation-shielding materials while increasing the material flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Chil Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea; ; Tel.: +82-10-4803-7773
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
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14
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Bulmer J, Durán-Chaves M, Long DM, Lipp J, Williams S, Trafford M, Pelton A, Shank J, Maruyama B, Drummy LF, Pasquali M, Koerner H, Haugan T. Self-Assembly of Uniaxial Fullerene Supramolecules Aligned within Carbon Nanotube Fibers. NANO LETTERS 2023. [PMID: 37442114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The conductivity and strength of carbon nanotube (CNT) wires currently rival those of existing engineering materials; fullerene-based materials have not progressed similarly, despite their exciting transport properties such as superconductivity. This communication reveals a new mechanically robust wire of mutually aligned fullerene supramolecules self-assembled between CNT bundles, where the fullerene supramolecular internal crystal structure and outer surface are aligned and dispersed with the CNT bundles. The crystallinity, crystal dimensions, and other structural features of the fullerene supramolecular network are impacted by a number of important production processes such as fullerene concentration and postprocess annealing. The crystal spacing of the CNTs and fullerenes is not altered, suggesting that they are not exerting significant internal pressure on each other. In low concentrations, the addition of networked fullerenes makes the CNT wire mechanically stronger. More importantly, novel mutually aligned and networked fullerene supramolecules are now in a bulk self-supporting architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Bulmer
- Aerospace Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
- National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 20001, United States
| | - Michelle Durán-Chaves
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science & NanoEngineering, The Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Daniel M Long
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL/RX, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd., Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Jeremiah Lipp
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL/RX, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd., Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Steven Williams
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science & NanoEngineering, The Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Mitchell Trafford
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science & NanoEngineering, The Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Anthony Pelton
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL/RX, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd., Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Jared Shank
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL/RX, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton Xenia Rd., Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Benji Maruyama
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL/RX, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Lawrence F Drummy
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL/RX, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Matteo Pasquali
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Materials Science & NanoEngineering, The Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Carbon Hub, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Hilmar Koerner
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL/RX, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Timothy Haugan
- Aerospace Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, United States
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15
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Moore JF, Paineau E, Launois P, Shaffer MSP. Wet spinning imogolite nanotube fibres: an in situ process study. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:3376-3385. [PMID: 37325537 PMCID: PMC10263001 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00013c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Imogolite nanotubes (INTs) form transparent aqueous liquid-crystalline solutions, with strong birefringence and X-ray scattering power. They provide an ideal model system for studying the assembly of one-dimensional nanomaterials into fibres, as well as offering interesting properties in their own right. Here, in situ polarised optical microscopy is used to study the wet spinning of pure INTs into fibres, illustrating the influence of process variables during extrusion, coagulation, washing and drying on both structure and mechanical properties. Tapered spinnerets were shown to be significantly more effective than thin cylindrical channels for forming homogeneous fibres; a result related to simple capillary rheology by fitting a shear thinning flow model. The washing step has a strong influence of structure and properties, combining the removal of residual counter-ions and structural relaxation to produce a less aligned, denser and more networked structure; the timescales and scaling behavior of the processes are compared quantitatively. Both strength and stiffness are higher for INT fibres with a higher packing fraction and lower degree of alignment, indicating the importance of forming a rigid jammed network to transfer stress through these porous, rigid rod assemblies. The electrostatically-stabilised, rigid rod INT solutions were successfully cross-linked using multivalent anions, providing robust gels, potentially useful in other contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph F Moore
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London Exhibition Road SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Erwan Paineau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides 91405 Orsay France
| | - Pascale Launois
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides 91405 Orsay France
| | - Milo S P Shaffer
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London Exhibition Road SW7 2AZ UK
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London 82 Wood Lane W12 0BZ UK
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16
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Jung Y, Cho YS, Park JH, Cheon JY, Lee JW, Kim JH, Park CR, Kim T, Yang SJ. Selective Interbundle Cross-Linking for Lightweight and Superstrong Carbon Nanotube Yarns. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:3128-3136. [PMID: 36951295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a range of carbon nanotube yarn (CNTY) architectures was examined and controlled by chemical modification to gain a deeper understanding of CNTY load-bearing systems and produce lightweight and superstrong CNTYs. The architecture of CNTY, which has polymer layers surrounding a compact bundle without hampering the original state of the CNTs in the bundle, is a favorable design for further chemical cross-linking and for enhancing the load-transfer efficiency, as confirmed by in situ Raman spectroscopy under a stress load. The resulting CNTY exhibited excellent mechanical performance that exceeded the specific strength of the benchmark, high-performance fibers. This exceptional strength of the CNTY makes it a promising candidate for the cable of a space elevator traveling from the Earth to the International Space Station given its strength of 4.35 GPa/(g cm-3), which can withstand the self-weight of a 440 km cable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonsu Jung
- Composite Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Shik Cho
- Composite Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea
- Carbon Nanomaterials Design Laboratory, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Park
- Department of Aerospace and Software Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yeong Cheon
- Composite Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Lee
- Carbon Nanomaterials Design Laboratory, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Carbon Nanomaterials Design Laboratory, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Nanohybrids Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Education and Research Center for Smart Energy and Materials, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Rae Park
- Carbon Nanomaterials Design Laboratory, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehoon Kim
- Composite Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jae Yang
- Advanced Nanohybrids Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Education and Research Center for Smart Energy and Materials, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
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17
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Li L, Sun T, Lu S, Chen Z, Xu S, Jian M, Zhang J. Graphene Interlocking Carbon Nanotubes for High-Strength and High-Conductivity Fibers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:5701-5708. [PMID: 36661854 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising building blocks for the fabrication of novel fibers with structural and functional properties. However, the mechanical and electrical performances of carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) are far lower than the intrinsic properties of individual CNTs. Exploring methods for the controllable assembly and continuous preparation of high-performance CNTFs is still challenging. Herein, a graphene/chlorosulfonic acid-assisted wet-stretching method is developed to produce highly densified and well-aligned graphene/carbon nanotube fibers (G/CNTFs) with excellent mechanical and electrical performances. Graphene with small size and high quality can bridge the adjacent CNTs to avoid the interfacial slippage under deformation, which facilitates the formation of a robust architecture with abundant conductive pathways. Their ordered structure and enhanced interfacial interactions endow the fibers with both high strength (4.7 GPa) and high electrical conductivity (more than 2 × 106 S/m). G/CNTF-based lightweight wires show good flexibility and knittability, and the high-performance fiber heaters exhibit ultrafast electrothermal response over 1000 °C/s and a low operation voltage of 3 V. This method paves the way for optimizing the microstructures and producing high-strength and high-conductivity CNTFs, which are promising candidates for the high-value fiber-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Li
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, P. R. China
| | - Tongzhao Sun
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Shichao Lu
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, P. R. China
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Shichen Xu
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, P. R. China
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Muqiang Jian
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, P. R. China
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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18
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Wang H, Sun X, Wang Y, Li K, Wang J, Dai X, Chen B, Chong D, Zhang L, Yan J. Acid enhanced zipping effect to densify MWCNT packing for multifunctional MWCNT films with ultra-high electrical conductivity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:380. [PMID: 36693835 PMCID: PMC9873916 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36082-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The outstanding electrical and mechanical properties remain elusive on macroscopic carbon nanotube (CNT) films because of the difficult material process, which limits their wide practical applications. Herein, we report high-performance multifunctional MWCNT films that possess the specific electrical conductivity of metals as well as high strength. These MWCNT films were synthesized by a floating chemical vapor deposition method, purified at high temperature and treated with concentrated HCl, and then densified due to the developed chlorosulfonic acid-enhanced zipping effect. These large scalable films exhibit high electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency, high thermoelectric power factor, and high ampacity because of the densely packed crystalline structure of MWCNTs, which are promising for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Xu Sun
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Yizhuo Wang
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Kuncai Li
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Jing Wang
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Xu Dai
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Bin Chen
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Daotong Chong
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Liuyang Zhang
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Junjie Yan
- grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering & Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 China ,grid.43169.390000 0001 0599 1243School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710054 China
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19
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Hossain MM, Lubna MM, Bradford PD. Multifunctional and Washable Carbon Nanotube-Wrapped Textile Yarns for Wearable E-Textiles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:3365-3376. [PMID: 36622361 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT) yarns are promising for wearable electronic applications due to their excellent electromechanical and thermal properties and structural flexibility. A spinning system was customized to produce CNT-wrapped textile yarns for wearable applications. By adjusting the spinning parameters and core yarn, a highly tailored hybrid CNT yarn could be produced for textile processing, e.g., knitting and weaving. The electrical resistance and mechanical properties of the yarn are influenced by the core yarn. The high flexibility of the yarn enabled state-of-the-art three-dimensional (3D) knitting of the CNT-wrapped yarn for the first time. Using the 3D knitted technology, CNT-wrapped textile yarns were seamlessly integrated into a wrist band and the index finger of a glove. The knitted structure exhibited a large resistance change under strain and precisely recorded the signal under the different movements of the finger and wrist. When the knitted fabric was connected to a power source, rapid heating above skin temperature was observed at a low voltage. This work presents a novel hybrid yarn for the first time, which sustained 30 washing cycles without performance degradation. By changing the core yarn, a highly stretchable and multimodal sensing system could be developed for wearable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Milon Hossain
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina27606, United States
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York14850, United States
| | - Mostakima M Lubna
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina27606, United States
| | - Philip D Bradford
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina27606, United States
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20
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Cho YS, Lee JW, Kim J, Jung Y, Yang SJ, Park CR. Superstrong Carbon Nanotube Yarns by Developing Multiscale Bundle Structures on the Direct Spin-Line without Post-Treatment. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204250. [PMID: 36404109 PMCID: PMC9839856 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Super strong fibers, such as carbon or aramid fibers, have long been used as effective fillers for advanced composites. In this study, the highest tensile strength of 5.5 N tex-1 for carbon nanotube yarns (CNTYs) is achieved by controlling the micro-textural structure through a facile and eco-friendly bundle engineering process in direct spinning without any post-treatment. Inspired by the strengthening mechanism of the hierarchical fibrillary structure of natural cellulose fiber, this study develops multiscale bundle structures in CNTYs whereby secondary bundles, ≈200 nm in thickness, evolve from the assembly of elementary bundles, 30 nm in thickness, without any damage, which is a basic load-bearing element in CNTY. The excellent mechanical performance of these CNTYs makes them promising substitutes for the benchmark, lightweight, and super strong commercial fibers used for energy-saving structural materials. These findings address how the tensile strength of CNTY can be improved without additional post-treatment in the spinning process if the development of the aforementioned secondary bundles and the corresponding orientations are properly engineered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Shik Cho
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
- Composite Research DivisionKorea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)Changwon51508Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Lee
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewook Kim
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonsu Jung
- Composite Research DivisionKorea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS)Changwon51508Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jae Yang
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical EngineeringEducation and Research Center for Smart Energy and MaterialsInha UniversityIncheon22212Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Rae Park
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced MaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea
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21
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Zhang X, De Volder M, Zhou W, Issman L, Wei X, Kaniyoor A, Terrones Portas J, Smail F, Wang Z, Wang Y, Liu H, Zhou W, Elliott J, Xie S, Boies A. Simultaneously enhanced tenacity, rupture work, and thermal conductivity of carbon nanotube fibers by raising effective tube portion. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq3515. [PMID: 36516257 PMCID: PMC9750159 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq3515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are superior to polymer chains, the mechanical and thermal properties of CNT fibers (CNTFs) remain inferior to synthetic fibers because of the failure of embedding CNTs effectively in superstructures. Conventional techniques resulted in a mild improvement of target properties while degrading others. Here, a double-drawing technique is developed to rearrange the constituent CNTs. Consequently, the mechanical and thermal properties of the resulting CNTFs can simultaneously reach their highest performances with specific strength ~3.30 N tex-1 (4.60 GPa), work of rupture ~70 J g-1, and thermal conductivity ~354 W m-1 K-1 despite starting from low-crystallinity materials (IG:ID ~ 5). The processed CNTFs are more versatile than comparable carbon fiber, Zylon and Dyneema. On the basis of evidence of load transfer efficiency on individual CNTs measured with in situ stretching Raman, we find that the main contributors to property enhancements are the increasing of the effective tube contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Michael De Volder
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation, Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Liron Issman
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Xiaojun Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Adarsh Kaniyoor
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | | | - Fiona Smail
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Zibo Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yanchun Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huaping Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Weiya Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - James Elliott
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Sishen Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Adam Boies
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK
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22
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Zhu Y, Yue H, Aslam MJ, Bai Y, Zhu Z, Wei F. Controllable Preparation and Strengthening Strategies towards High-Strength Carbon Nanotube Fibers. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3478. [PMID: 36234606 PMCID: PMC9565896 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with superior mechanical properties are expected to play a role in the next generation of critical engineering mechanical materials. Crucial advances have been made in CNTs, as it has been reported that the tensile strength of defect-free CNTs and carbon nanotube bundles can approach the theoretical limit. However, the tensile strength of macro carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) is far lower than the theoretical level. Although some reviews have summarized the development of such fiber materials, few of them have focused on the controllable preparation and performance optimization of high-strength CNTFs at different scales. Therefore, in this review, we will analyze the characteristics and latest challenges of multiscale CNTFs in preparation and strength optimization. First, the structure and preparation of CNTs are introduced. Then, the preparation methods and tensile strength characteristics of CNTFs at different scales are discussed. Based on the analysis of tensile fracture, we summarize some typical strategies for optimizing tensile performance around defect and tube-tube interaction control. Finally, we introduce some emerging applications for CNTFs in mechanics. This review aims to provide insights and prospects for the controllable preparation of CNTFs with ultra-high tensile strength for emerging cutting-edge applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukang Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongjie Yue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Muhammad Junaid Aslam
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yunxiang Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fei Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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23
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Kim SG, Heo SJ, Kim J, Kim SO, Lee D, Kim M, Kim ND, Kim D, Hwang JY, Chae HG, Ku B. Ultrastrong Hybrid Fibers with Tunable Macromolecular Interfaces of Graphene Oxide and Carbon Nanotube for Multifunctional Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2203008. [PMID: 35988149 PMCID: PMC9561868 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Individual carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene have unique mechanical and electrical properties; however, the properties of their macroscopic assemblies have not met expectations because of limited physical dimensions, the limited degree of dispersion of the components, and various structural defects. Here, a state-of-the-art assembly for a novel type of hybrid fiber possessing the properties required for a wide variety of multifunctional applications is presented. A simple and effective multidimensional nanostructure of CNT and graphene oxide (GO) assembled by solution processing improves the interfacial utilization of the components. Flexible GOs are effectively intercalated between nanotubes along the shape of CNTs, which reduces voids, enhances orientation, and maximizes the contact between elements. The microstructure is finely controlled by the elements content ratio and dimensions, and an optimal balance improves the mechanical properties. The hybrid fibers simultaneously exhibit exceptional strength (6.05 GPa), modulus (422 GPa), toughness (76.8 J g-1 ), electrical conductivity (8.43 MS m-1 ), and knot strength efficiency (92%). Furthermore, surface and electrochemical properties are significantly improved by tuning the GO content, further expanding the scope of applications. These hybrid fibers are expected to offer a strategy for overcoming the limitations of existing fibers in meeting the requirements for applications in the fiber industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Gyun Kim
- Institute of Advanced Composite MaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Wanju55324Republic of Korea
| | - So Jeong Heo
- Institute of Advanced Composite MaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Wanju55324Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)Ulsan44919Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong‐Gil Kim
- Institute of Advanced Composite MaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Wanju55324Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)Daejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Sang One Kim
- Institute of Advanced Composite MaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Wanju55324Republic of Korea
- Department of Carbon Materials and Fiber EngineeringJeonbuk National UniversityJeonju54896Republic of Korea
| | - Dongju Lee
- Institute of Advanced Composite MaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Wanju55324Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied BioengineeringGraduate School of Convergence Science and TechnologySeoul National UniversitySuwon16229Republic of Korea
| | - Minkook Kim
- Institute of Advanced Composite MaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Wanju55324Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Dong Kim
- Institute of Advanced Composite MaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Wanju55324Republic of Korea
| | - Dae‐Yoon Kim
- Institute of Advanced Composite MaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Wanju55324Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yeon Hwang
- Institute of Advanced Composite MaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Wanju55324Republic of Korea
| | - Han Gi Chae
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUlsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)Ulsan44919Republic of Korea
| | - Bon‐Cheol Ku
- Institute of Advanced Composite MaterialsKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)Wanju55324Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano ConvergenceJeonbuk National UniversityJeonju54896Republic of Korea
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24
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Continuously processing waste lignin into high-value carbon nanotube fibers. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5755. [PMID: 36180457 PMCID: PMC9525656 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33496-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
High value utilization of renewable biomass materials is of great significance to the sustainable development of human beings. For example, because biomass contains large amounts of carbon, they are ideal candidates for the preparation of carbon nanotube fibers. However, continuous preparation of such fibers using biomass as carbon source remains a huge challenge due to the complex chemical structure of the precursors. Here, we realize continuous preparation of high-performance carbon nanotube fibers from lignin by solvent dispersion, high-temperature pyrolysis, catalytic synthesis, and assembly. The fibers exhibit a tensile strength of 1.33 GPa and an electrical conductivity of 1.19 × 105 S m-1, superior to that of most biomass-derived carbon materials to date. More importantly, we achieve continuous production rate of 120 m h-1. Our preparation method is extendable to other biomass materials and will greatly promote the high value application of biomass in a wide range of fields.
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25
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Wen Y, Jian M, Huang J, Luo J, Qian L, Zhang J. Carbonene Fibers: Toward Next-Generation Fiber Materials. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:6035-6047. [PMID: 35852935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of human society has set unprecedented demands for advanced fiber materials, such as lightweight and high-performance fibers for reinforcement of composite materials in frontier fields and functional and intelligent fibers in wearable electronics. Carbonene materials composed of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms have been demonstrated to be ideal building blocks for advanced fiber materials, which are referred to as carbonene fibers. Carbonene fibers that generally include pristine carbonene fibers, composite carbonene fibers, and carbonene-modified fibers hold great promise in transferring the extraordinary properties of nanoscale carbonene materials to macroscopic applications. Herein, we give a comprehensive discussion on the conception, classification, and design strategies of carbonene fibers and then summarize recent progress regarding the preparations and applications of carbonene fibers. Finally, we provide insights into developing lightweight, high-performance, functional, and intelligent carbonene fibers for next-generation fiber materials in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeye Wen
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, People's Republic of China
| | - Muqiang Jian
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiankun Huang
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajun Luo
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, People's Republic of China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Qian
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry, Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Graphene Institute (BGI), Beijing 100095, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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26
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Wei X, Wang J, Ma H, Farha FI, Bi S, Zhang Q, Xu F. Super-strong CNT composite yarn with tight CNT packing via a compress-stretch process. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:9078-9085. [PMID: 35708501 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr00874b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube yarn (CNTY) with a large size and excellent mechanical properties could have wide technological influence in fields ranging from electrical devices to wearable textiles; however, inventing such CNTY has remained excessively challenging. Herein, we introduce an interesting approach to produce highly densified, robust CNT/polyvinyl alcohol composite yarn (CNT/PVA-P CY) with a large diameter and excellent comprehensive properties via a compressing and stretching method. Our method allows the PVA polymer chains to be well-dispersed into CNT intra- and inner-bundles with a controllable diameter and desirable mechanical properties. The resulting CNT/PVA-P CY exhibits an ultra-large diameter (∼140 μm), admirable mechanical properties (tensile strength of up to 1475 MPa and Young's modulus of up to 24.98 GPa), light weight (1.28 g cm-3), high electrical conductivity (792 S cm-1), outstanding flexibility, and anti-abrasive abilities. The successful obtainment of such attractive properties in yarns may provide new insights for the construction and exploitation of CNTY as a potential candidate to replace traditional carbon fibers for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Donghua University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China.
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Jilong Wang
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Huan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Donghua University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China.
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Farial Islam Farha
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Donghua University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China.
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Siyi Bi
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Qin Zhang
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Fujun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Donghua University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China.
- College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
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27
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Issman L, Kloza PA, Terrones Portas J, Collins B, Pendashteh A, Pick M, Vilatela JJ, Elliott JA, Boies A. Highly Oriented Direct-Spun Carbon Nanotube Textiles Aligned by In Situ Radio-Frequency Fields. ACS NANO 2022; 16:9583-9597. [PMID: 35638849 PMCID: PMC9245349 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) individually exhibit exceptional physical properties, surpassing state-of-the-art bulk materials, but are used commercially primarily as additives rather than as a standalone macroscopic product. This limited use of bulk CNT materials results from the inability to harness the superb nanoscale properties of individual CNTs into macroscopic materials. CNT alignment within a textile has been proven as a critical contributor to narrow this gap. Here, we report the development of an altered direct CNT spinning method based on the floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition process, which directly interacts with the self-assembly of the CNT bundles in the gas phase. The setup is designed to apply an AC electric field to continuously align the CNTs in situ during the formation of CNT bundles and subsequent aerogel. A mesoscale CNT model developed to simulate the alignment process has shed light on the need to employ AC rather than DC fields based on a CNT stiffening effect (z-pinch) induced by a Lorentz force. The AC-aligned synthesis enables a means to control CNT bundle diameters, which broadened from 16 to 25 nm. The resulting bulk CNT textiles demonstrated an increase in the specific electrical and tensile properties (up to 90 and 460%, respectively) without modifying the quantity or quality of the CNTs, as verified by thermogravimetric analysis and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The enhanced properties were correlated to the degree of CNT alignment within the textile as quantified by small-angle X-ray scattering and scanning electron microscopy image analysis. Clear alignment (orientational order parameter = 0.5) was achieved relative to the pristine material (orientational order parameter = 0.19) at applied field intensities in the range of 0.5-1 kV cm-1 at a frequency of 13.56 MHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liron Issman
- Department
of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom
| | - Philipp A. Kloza
- Department
of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Jeronimo Terrones Portas
- Department
of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Collins
- BSC
Associates Ltd, 2 Pilgrims
Way, Ely CB6 3DL, Cambridgeshire, U.K.
| | - Afshin Pendashteh
- IMDEA
Materials Institute, c/Eric Kandel 2, Getafe 28906, Madrid Spain
| | - Martin Pick
- Q-Flo
Limited, Buckhurst House, 42/44 Buckhurst Avenue, Sevenoaks TN13 1LZ, United
Kingdom
| | - Juan J. Vilatela
- IMDEA
Materials Institute, c/Eric Kandel 2, Getafe 28906, Madrid Spain
| | - James A. Elliott
- Department
of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Boies
- Department
of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom
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28
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Analysis of Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes in m-Cresol. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15113777. [PMID: 35683073 PMCID: PMC9181108 DOI: 10.3390/ma15113777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the dispersion state of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in m-cresol using dispersion stability analysis, optical microscopy, and UV-vis spectroscopy. The high dispersion stability of CNT/m-cresol dispersion was observed when it was sufficiently treated with ultrasonication. Despite the high dispersion stability, optical microscopy and UV-vis spectroscopy analysis of various CNT/m-cresol dispersions revealed that CNT bundles in m-cresol were not dispersed into individual CNTs. We also propose that the blue-shift of the G peak of CNTs in m-cresol in the Raman spectrum, which had been reported as evidence of the formation of the charge-transfer complex between m-cresol and CNTs, is rather attributed to the interference of m-cresol’s inherent peak at around 1600 cm−1.
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29
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Li R, Jiang Q, Zhang R. Progress and perspective on high-strength and multifunctional carbon nanotube fibers. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:784-787. [PMID: 36546230 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Run Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qinyuan Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rufan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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30
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Lee D, Kim SG, Hong S, Madrona C, Oh Y, Park M, Komatsu N, Taylor LW, Chung B, Kim J, Hwang JY, Yu J, Lee DS, Jeong HS, You NH, Kim ND, Kim DY, Lee HS, Lee KH, Kono J, Wehmeyer G, Pasquali M, Vilatela JJ, Ryu S, Ku BC. Ultrahigh strength, modulus, and conductivity of graphitic fibers by macromolecular coalescence. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn0939. [PMID: 35452295 PMCID: PMC9032978 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn0939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Theoretical considerations suggest that the strength of carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers be exceptional; however, their mechanical performance values are much lower than the theoretical values. To achieve macroscopic fibers with ultrahigh performance, we developed a method to form multidimensional nanostructures by coalescence of individual nanotubes. The highly aligned wet-spun fibers of single- or double-walled nanotube bundles were graphitized to induce nanotube collapse and multi-inner walled structures. These advanced nanostructures formed a network of interconnected, close-packed graphitic domains. Their near-perfect alignment and high longitudinal crystallinity that increased the shear strength between CNTs while retaining notable flexibility. The resulting fibers have an exceptional combination of high tensile strength (6.57 GPa), modulus (629 GPa), thermal conductivity (482 W/m·K), and electrical conductivity (2.2 MS/m), thereby overcoming the limits associated with conventional synthetic fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongju Lee
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Center for Advanced Material Analysis, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Gyun Kim
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungki Hong
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Cristina Madrona
- IMDEA Materials Institute, Eric Kandel 2, Getafe, Madrid 28906, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Yuna Oh
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Park
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Natsumi Komatsu
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and the Carbon Hub, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Lauren W. Taylor
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and the Carbon Hub, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Bongjin Chung
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Center for Advanced Material Analysis, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwon Kim
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yeon Hwang
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesang Yu
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Su Lee
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Su Jeong
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Ho You
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Dong Kim
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Yoon Kim
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Heon Sang Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Hong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Junichiro Kono
- Departments of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Physics & Astronomy, and Materials Science & NanoEngineering, the Smalley-Curl Institute, and the Carbon Hub, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Geoff Wehmeyer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and the Carbon Hub, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Matteo Pasquali
- Departments of Chemical Engineering & Biomolecular Engineering, Chemistry, and Materials Science & NanoEngineering and The Carbon Hub, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Juan J. Vilatela
- IMDEA Materials Institute, Eric Kandel 2, Getafe, Madrid 28906, Spain
| | - Seongwoo Ryu
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Center for Advanced Material Analysis, The University of Suwon, Suwon 18323, Republic of Korea
| | - Bon-Cheol Ku
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju 55324, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nano Convergence, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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31
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Miralaei C, Le Floch S, Debord R, Nguyen HV, Da Silva JC, San-Miguel A, Le Poche H, Pailhès S, Pischedda V. Effect of extreme mechanical densification on the electrical properties of carbon nanotube micro-yarns. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:275708. [PMID: 35319494 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac6039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We have explored the effect of high pressure post-treatment in optimizing the properties of carbon nanotube yarns and found that the application of dry hydrostatic pressure reduces porosity and enhances electrical properties. The CNT yarns were prepared by the dry-spinning method directly from CNT arrays made by the hot filament chemical vapour deposition (HF-CVD) process. Mechanical hydrostatic pressure up to 360 MPa induces a decrease in yarn resistivity between 3% and 35%, associated with the sample's permanent densification, with CNT yarn diameter reduction of 10%-25%. However, when increasing the pressure in the 1-3 GPa domain in non-hydrostatic conditions, the recovered samples show lower electrical conductivity. This might be due to concomitant macroscopic effects such as increased twists and damage to the yarn shown by SEM imaging (caused by strong shear stresses and friction) or by the collapse of the CNTs indicated byin situhigh pressure Raman spectroscopy data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandre Miralaei
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon F-69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - Sylvie Le Floch
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon F-69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - Regis Debord
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon F-69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - Hung V Nguyen
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon F-69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - Julio C Da Silva
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Alfonso San-Miguel
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon F-69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - Hélène Le Poche
- Commissariat á l'Energie Atomique, CEA LITEN, DTNM, LCRE, 17 rue des Martyrs F-38054 Grenoble cedex, France
| | - Stephane Pailhès
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon F-69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - Vittoria Pischedda
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon F-69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
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Guo T, Wan Z, Yu Y, Chen H, Wang Z, Li D, Song J, Rojas OJ, Jin Y. Mechanisms of Strain-Induced Interfacial Strengthening of Wet-Spun Filaments. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:16809-16819. [PMID: 35353500 PMCID: PMC9011349 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c25227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the mechanism of binding of dopamine-conjugated carboxymethyl cellulose (DA-CMC) with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the strain-induced interfacial strengthening that takes place upon wet drawing and stretching filaments produced by wet-spinning. The filaments are known for their tensile strength (as high as 972 MPa and Young modulus of 84 GPa) and electrical conductivity (241 S cm-1). The role of axial orientation in the development of interfacial interactions and structural changes, enabling shear load bearing, is studied by molecular dynamics simulation, which further reveals the elasto-plasticity of the system. We propose that the reversible torsion of vicinal molecules and DA-CMC wrapping around CNTs are the main contributions to the interfacial strengthening of the filaments. Such effects play important roles in impacting the properties of filaments, including those related to electrothermal heating and sensing. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of high aspect nanoparticle assembly and alignment to achieve high-performance filaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Guo
- Jiangsu
Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest
Resources, and Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science
and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
- Bioproducts
Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department
of Chemistry and Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Zhangmin Wan
- Jiangsu
Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest
Resources, and Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science
and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
- Bioproducts
Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department
of Chemistry and Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Yan Yu
- Bioproducts
Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department
of Chemistry and Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Hui Chen
- Jiangsu
Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest
Resources, and Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science
and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Zhifeng Wang
- Testing
Center, Yangzhou University, 48# Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China
| | - Dagang Li
- College
of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing
Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Junlong Song
- Jiangsu
Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest
Resources, and Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science
and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Orlando J. Rojas
- Bioproducts
Institute, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department
of Chemistry and Department of Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O.
Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Jiangsu
Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest
Resources, and Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science
and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
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Kim JG, Yun T, Chae J, Yang GG, Lee GS, Kim IH, Jung HJ, Hwang HS, Kim JT, Choi SQ, Kim SO. Molecular-Level Lubrication Effect of 0D Nanodiamonds for Highly Bendable Graphene Liquid Crystalline Fibers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:13601-13610. [PMID: 35255687 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Graphene fiber is emerging as a new class of carbon-based fiber with distinctive material properties particularly useful for electroconductive components for wearable devices. Presently, stretchable and bendable graphene fibers are principally employing soft dielectric additives, such as polymers, which can significantly deteriorate the genuine electrical properties of pristine graphene-based structures. We report molecular-level lubricating nanodiamonds as an effective physical property modifier to improve the mechanical flexibility of graphene fibers by relieving the tight interlayer stacking among graphene sheets. Nanoscale-sized NDs effectively increase the tensile strain and bending strain of graphene/nanodiamond composite fibers while maintaining the genuine electrical conductivity of pristine graphene-based fibers. The molecular-level lubricating mechanism is elucidated by friction force microscopy on the nanoscale as well as by shear stress measurement on the macroscopic scale. The resultant highly bendable graphene/nanodiamond composite fiber is successfully weaved into all graphene fiber-based textiles and wearable Joule heaters, proposing the potential for reliable wearable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Goo Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyeong Yun
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Nano Convergence Technology Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Gyeonggi-do 13509, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsu Chae
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon Gug Yang
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Gang San Lee
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - In Ho Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Ju Jung
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Seong Hwang
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Tae Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Siyoung Q Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ouk Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Multi-dimensional Directed Nanoscale Assembly, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KAIST Institute for Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Fujimori T, Yamashita D, Kishibe Y, Sakai M, Inoue H, Onoki T, Otsuka J, Tanioka D, Hikata T, Okubo S, Akada K, Fujita JI. One step fabrication of aligned carbon nanotubes using gas rectifier. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1285. [PMID: 35079064 PMCID: PMC8789815 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05297-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the one-step fabrication of aligned and high-quality carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using floating-catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD) with controlled fluidic properties assisted by a gas rectifier. The gas rectifier consists of one-dimensional straight channels for regulating the Reynolds number of the reaction gas. Our computational fluid dynamics simulation reveals that the narrow channels of the gas rectifier provide steady and accelerated laminar flow of the reaction gas. In addition, strong shear stress is induced near the side wall of the channels, resulting in the spontaneous formation of macroscopic CNT bundles aligned along the direction of the gas flow. After a wet-process using chlorosulfonic acid, the inter-tube voids inherently observed in as-grown CNT bundles are reduced from 16 to 0.3%. The resulting CNT fiber exhibits a tensile strength of 2.1 ± 0.1 N tex−1 with a Young’s modulus of 39 ± 4 N tex−1 and an elongation of 6.3 ± 0.6%. FCCVD coupled with the strong shear stress of the reaction gas is an important pre-processing route for the fabrication of high-performance CNT fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Fujimori
- Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., 1-1-3 Shimaya, Konohana-ku, Osaka, 554-0024, Japan. .,Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8573, Japan.
| | - Daiji Yamashita
- Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., 1-1-3 Shimaya, Konohana-ku, Osaka, 554-0024, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Kishibe
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Momoko Sakai
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Inoue
- Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., 1-1-3 Shimaya, Konohana-ku, Osaka, 554-0024, Japan
| | - Takamasa Onoki
- Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., 1-1-3 Shimaya, Konohana-ku, Osaka, 554-0024, Japan
| | - Jun Otsuka
- Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., 1-1-3 Shimaya, Konohana-ku, Osaka, 554-0024, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tanioka
- Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., 1-1-3 Shimaya, Konohana-ku, Osaka, 554-0024, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hikata
- Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., 1-1-3 Shimaya, Konohana-ku, Osaka, 554-0024, Japan
| | - Soichiro Okubo
- Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., 1-1-3 Shimaya, Konohana-ku, Osaka, 554-0024, Japan
| | - Keishi Akada
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Fujita
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8573, Japan.
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35
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Na YW, Cheon JY, Kim JH, Jung Y, Lee K, Park JS, Park JY, Song KS, Lee SB, Kim T, Yang SJ. All-in-one flexible supercapacitor with ultrastable performance under extreme load. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl8631. [PMID: 34985946 PMCID: PMC8730631 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl8631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fiber-type solid-state supercapacitors are being widely investigated as stable power supply for next-generation wearable and flexible electronics. Integrating both high charge storage capability and superior mechanical properties into one fiber is crucial to realize fiber-type solid-state supercapacitors. In this study, we design a “jeweled necklace”–like hybrid composite fiber comprising double-walled carbon nanotube yarn and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Subsequent heat treatment transforms MOFs into MOF-derived carbon (MDC), thereby maximizing energy storage capability while retaining the superior mechanical properties. The hybrid fibers with tunable properties, including thickness and MDC loading amount, exhibit a high energy density of 7.54 milliwatt-hour per cubic centimeter at a power density of 190.94 milliwatt per cubic centimeter. The mechanical robustness of the hybrid fibers allows them to operate under various mechanical deformation conditions. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the resulting superstrong fiber delivers sufficient power to switch on light-emitting diodes by itself while suspending 10-kilogram weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wan Na
- Advanced Nanohybrids Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Education and Research Center for Smart Energy and Materials, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yeong Cheon
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Advanced Nanohybrids Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Education and Research Center for Smart Energy and Materials, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonsu Jung
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunbae Lee
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Seo Park
- Advanced Nanohybrids Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Education and Research Center for Smart Energy and Materials, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yong Park
- Advanced Nanohybrids Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Education and Research Center for Smart Energy and Materials, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Su Song
- Advanced Nanohybrids Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Education and Research Center for Smart Energy and Materials, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Bok Lee
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehoon Kim
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jae Yang
- Advanced Nanohybrids Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Education and Research Center for Smart Energy and Materials, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
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36
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Muralidhar JR, Kodama K, Hirose T, Ito Y, Kawamoto M. Noncovalent Functionalization of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with a Photocleavable Polythiophene Derivative. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 12:nano12010052. [PMID: 35010002 PMCID: PMC8746816 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have received extensive research attention owing to their extraordinary optical, electrical, and mechanical properties, which make them particularly attractive for application in optoelectronic devices. However, SWCNTs are insoluble in almost all solvents. Therefore, developing methods to solubilize SWCNTs is crucial for their use in solution-based processes. In this study, we developed a photocleavable polythiophene-derivative polymer dispersant for SWCNTs. The noncovalent surface functionalization of SWCNTs with a polymer allows their dispersal in tetrahydrofuran. The resultant solution-processed polymer/SWCNT composite film undergoes a hydrophobic-to-hydrophilic change in surface properties upon light irradiation (313 nm) because hydrophilic carboxyl groups are formed upon photocleavage of the hydrophobic solubilizing units in the polymer. Furthermore, the photocleaved composite film displays a 38-fold increase in electrical conductivity. This is due to the removal of the solubilizing unit, which is electrically insulating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyorthana Rajappa Muralidhar
- Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan;
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan; (K.K.); (T.H.)
| | - Koichi Kodama
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan; (K.K.); (T.H.)
| | - Takuji Hirose
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan; (K.K.); (T.H.)
| | - Yoshihiro Ito
- Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan;
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan
- Correspondence: (Y.I.); (M.K.); Tel.: +81-48-467-2752 (Y.I. & M.K.); Fax: +81-48-467-9300 (Y.I. & M.K.)
| | - Masuki Kawamoto
- Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan;
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan; (K.K.); (T.H.)
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako 351-0198, Japan
- Correspondence: (Y.I.); (M.K.); Tel.: +81-48-467-2752 (Y.I. & M.K.); Fax: +81-48-467-9300 (Y.I. & M.K.)
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37
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Ku N, Cheon J, Lee K, Jung Y, Yoon SY, Kim T. Hydrophilic and Conductive Carbon Nanotube Fibers for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14247822. [PMID: 34947416 PMCID: PMC8707104 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube fiber (CNTF) is a highly conductive and porous platform to grow active materials of lithium-ion batteries (LIB). Here, we prepared SnO2@CNTF based on sulfonic acid-functionalized CNTF to be used in LIB anodes without binder, conductive agent, and current collector. The SnO2 nanoparticles were grown on the CNTF in an aqueous system without a hydrothermal method. The functionalized CNTF exhibited higher conductivity and effective water infiltration compared to the raw CNTF. Due to the enhanced water infiltration, the functionalized CNTF became SnO2@CNTF with an ideal core-shell structure coated with a thin SnO2 layer. The specific capacity and rate capability of SnO2@-functionalized CNTF were superior to those of SnO2@raw CNTF. Since the SnO2@CNTF-based anode was free of a binder, conductive agent, and current collector, the specific capacity of the anode studied in this work was higher than that of conventional anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayoung Ku
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon 51508, Korea; (N.K.); (J.C.); (K.L.); (Y.J.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Jaeyeong Cheon
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon 51508, Korea; (N.K.); (J.C.); (K.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Kyunbae Lee
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon 51508, Korea; (N.K.); (J.C.); (K.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yeonsu Jung
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon 51508, Korea; (N.K.); (J.C.); (K.L.); (Y.J.)
| | - Seog-Young Yoon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-Y.Y.); (T.K.)
| | - Taehoon Kim
- Composites Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon 51508, Korea; (N.K.); (J.C.); (K.L.); (Y.J.)
- Correspondence: (S.-Y.Y.); (T.K.)
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38
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Lee H, Park J, Cho H, Lee J, Lee KH. Investigation of shear-induced rearrangement of carbon nanotube bundles using Taylor-Couette flow. RSC Adv 2021; 11:38152-38160. [PMID: 35498094 PMCID: PMC9044060 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07354k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroscopic assemblies of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) usually have a poor alignment and a low packing density due to their hierarchical structure. To realize the inherent properties of CNTs at the macroscopic scale, the CNT assemblies should have a highly aligned and densified structure. Shear-aligning processes are commonly employed for this purpose. This work investigates how shear flows affect the rearrangement of CNT bundles in macroscopic assemblies. We propose that buckling behavior of CNT bundles in a shear flow causes the poor alignment of CNT bundles and a low packing density of CNT assemblies; the flow pattern and the magnitude of shear stress induced by the flow are key factors to regulate this buckling behavior. To obtain CNT assemblies with a high packing density, the CNTs should undergo a laminar flow that has a sufficiently low shear stress. Understanding the effect of shear flow on the structure of CNT bundles may guide improvement of fabrication strategies. The rearrangement of CNT bundles depends on the flow pattern and flow-induced shear stress. When the Taylor–Couette flow is stable and laminar, and has sufficiently low shear stress, CNT assemblies assume a highly aligned and densified structure.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Haemin Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-gu Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 Republic of Korea +82-54-279-2003
| | - Jinhwan Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-gu Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 Republic of Korea +82-54-279-2003
| | - Hyunjung Cho
- LG Chem R&D Campus Daejeon 188 Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34122 South Korea
| | - Jaegeun Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University 2 Busandaehak-ro 63 Beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu Busan 46241 Republic of Korea +82-51-510-2495
| | - Kun-Hong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-gu Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 Republic of Korea +82-54-279-2003
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39
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Massetti M, Jiao F, Ferguson AJ, Zhao D, Wijeratne K, Würger A, Blackburn JL, Crispin X, Fabiano S. Unconventional Thermoelectric Materials for Energy Harvesting and Sensing Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:12465-12547. [PMID: 34702037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat is an abundant but often wasted source of energy. Thus, harvesting just a portion of this tremendous amount of energy holds significant promise for a more sustainable society. While traditional solid-state inorganic semiconductors have dominated the research stage on thermal-to-electrical energy conversion, carbon-based semiconductors have recently attracted a great deal of attention as potential thermoelectric materials for low-temperature energy harvesting, primarily driven by the high abundance of their atomic elements, ease of processing/manufacturing, and intrinsically low thermal conductivity. This quest for new materials has resulted in the discovery of several new kinds of thermoelectric materials and concepts capable of converting a heat flux into an electrical current by means of various types of particles transporting the electric charge: (i) electrons, (ii) ions, and (iii) redox molecules. This has contributed to expanding the applications envisaged for thermoelectric materials far beyond simple conversion of heat into electricity. This is the motivation behind this review. This work is divided in three sections. In the first section, we present the basic principle of the thermoelectric effects when the particles transporting the electric charge are electrons, ions, and redox molecules and describe the conceptual differences between the three thermodiffusion phenomena. In the second section, we review the efforts made on developing devices exploiting these three effects and give a thorough understanding of what limits their performance. In the third section, we review the state-of-the-art thermoelectric materials investigated so far and provide a comprehensive understanding of what limits charge and energy transport in each of these classes of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Massetti
- Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Fei Jiao
- Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Andrew J Ferguson
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, 80401 United States
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Kosala Wijeratne
- Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Alois Würger
- Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine, Université de Bordeaux, 351 cours de la Libération, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | | | - Xavier Crispin
- Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Simone Fabiano
- Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
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40
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Chlorosulfonic Acid Stretched Carbon Nanotube Sheet for Flexible and Low-Voltage Heating Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11082132. [PMID: 34443962 PMCID: PMC8398647 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The carbon nanotube (CNT) is celebrated for its electrothermal property, which indicates the capability of a material to transform electrical energy into heat due to the Joule effect. The CNT nanostructure itself, as a one-dimensional material, limits the electron conduction path, thereby creating a unique heating phenomenon. In this work, we explore the possible correlation between CNT alignment in sheets and heating performance. The alignment of carbon nanotubes is induced by immersion and stretching in chlorosulfonic acid (CSA) solution. The developed CSA-stretched CNT sheet demonstrated excellent heating performance with a fast response rate of 6.5 °C/s and reached 180 °C in less than 30 s under a low voltage of 2.5 V. The heating profile of the stretched CNT sheet remained stable after bending and twisting movements, making it a suitable heating material for wearable devices, heatable smart windows, and in de-icing or defogging applications. The specific strength and specific conductance of the CSA-stretched CNT sheet also increased five- and two-fold, respectively, in comparison to the pristine CNT sheet.
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41
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Yin Z, Liang X, Zhou K, Li S, Lu H, Zhang M, Wang H, Xu Z, Zhang Y. Biomimetic Mechanically Enhanced Carbon Nanotube Fibers by Silk Fibroin Infiltration. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100066. [PMID: 33792159 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Natural materials, such as silk, nacre, and bone, possess superior mechanical properties which are derived from their unique hierarchical structures. Individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are considered as one of the strongest materials. However, macroscopic CNT fibers usually have breaking strength far below that of individual CNTs. In this work, by mimicking the structure of natural silk fibers, strong and stiff CNT fibers are prepared by infiltrating silk fibroin (SF) into CNT fibers. There are abundant hydrogen bonds in SF, contributing to the enhanced interactions between neighboring CNTs. Glycerol is selected to promote the formation of β-sheet conformation in SF, leading to further enhanced strength and modulus. Remarkably, the SF infiltrated CNT fibers show breaking strength of 1023 MPa, toughness of 10.3 MJ m-3 , and Young's modulus of 81.3 GPa, which are 250%, 132%, and 442% of the pristine CNT fibers. The structure of the SF and the interactions between CNTs and SF are studied via Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation. Mimicking the hierarchical structures of natural silk fibers and enhance the interfacial load transfer by infiltrating SF are effective for reinforcing CNT fibers, which may be useful in the design and preparation of other structural materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yin
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ke Zhou
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Center for Nano and Micro Mechanic, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Haojie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Mingchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Haomin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhiping Xu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Aerospace Engineering, Center for Nano and Micro Mechanic, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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42
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Effect of Applied Pressure on the Electrical Resistance of Carbon Nanotube Fibers. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14092106. [PMID: 33919441 PMCID: PMC8122425 DOI: 10.3390/ma14092106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be spun into fibers as potential lightweight replacements for copper in electrical current transmission since lightweight CNT fibers weigh <1/6th that of an equivalently dimensioned copper wire. Experimentally, it has been shown that the electrical resistance of CNT fibers increases with longitudinal strain; however, although fibers may be under radial strain when they are compressed during crimping at contacts for use in electrical current transport, there has been no study of this relationship. Herein, we apply radial stress at the contact to a CNT fiber on both the nano- and macro-scale and measure the changes in fiber and contact resistance. We observed an increase in resistance with increasing pressure on the nanoscale as well as initially on the macro scale, which we attribute to the decreasing of axial CNT…CNT contacts. On the macro scale, the resistance then decreases with increased pressure, which we attribute to improved radial contact due to the closing of voids within the fiber bundle. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) show that applied pressure on the fiber can damage the π-π bonding, which could also contribute to the increased resistance. As such, care must be taken when applying radial strain on CNT fibers in applications, including crimping for electrical contacts, lest they operate in an unfavorable regime with worse electrical performance.
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43
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Hejazi M, Tong W, Ibbotson MR, Prawer S, Garrett DJ. Advances in Carbon-Based Microfiber Electrodes for Neural Interfacing. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:658703. [PMID: 33912007 PMCID: PMC8072048 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.658703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural interfacing devices using penetrating microelectrode arrays have emerged as an important tool in both neuroscience research and medical applications. These implantable microelectrode arrays enable communication between man-made devices and the nervous system by detecting and/or evoking neuronal activities. Recent years have seen rapid development of electrodes fabricated using flexible, ultrathin carbon-based microfibers. Compared to electrodes fabricated using rigid materials and larger cross-sections, these microfiber electrodes have been shown to reduce foreign body responses after implantation, with improved signal-to-noise ratio for neural recording and enhanced resolution for neural stimulation. Here, we review recent progress of carbon-based microfiber electrodes in terms of material composition and fabrication technology. The remaining challenges and future directions for development of these arrays will also be discussed. Overall, these microfiber electrodes are expected to improve the longevity and reliability of neural interfacing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hejazi
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Wei Tong
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- National Vision Research Institute, The Australian College of Optometry, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael R. Ibbotson
- National Vision Research Institute, The Australian College of Optometry, Carlton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Steven Prawer
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - David J. Garrett
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Zhang L, Ma X, Zhang Y, Bradford PD, Zhu YT. Length-dependent carbon nanotube film structures and mechanical properties. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:265702. [PMID: 33730705 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abef92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the microstructures of carbon nanotube (CNT) films and the effect of CNT length on their mechanical performance. 230 μm-, 300 μm-, and 360 μm- long CNTs were grown and used to fabricate CNT films by a winding process. Opposite from the length effect on CNT fibers, it has been found that the mechanical properties of the CNT films decrease with increasing CNT length. Without fiber twisting, short CNTs tend to bundle together tightly by themselves in the film structure, resulting in an enhanced packing density; meanwhile, they also provide a high degree of CNT alignment, which prominently contributes to high mechanical properties of the CNT films. When CNTs are long, they tend to be bent and entangled, which significantly reduce their packing density, impairing the film mechanical behaviors severely. It has also been unveiled that the determinant effect of the CNT alignment on the film mechanical properties is more significant than that of the film packing density. These findings provide guidance on the optimal CNT length when attempting to fabricate high-performance macroscopic CNT assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States of America
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States of America
| | - Yongyi Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Philip D Bradford
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States of America
| | - Yuntian T Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States of America
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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45
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Shi X, Zuo Y, Zhai P, Shen J, Yang Y, Gao Z, Liao M, Wu J, Wang J, Xu X, Tong Q, Zhang B, Wang B, Sun X, Zhang L, Pei Q, Jin D, Chen P, Peng H. Large-area display textiles integrated with functional systems. Nature 2021; 591:240-245. [PMID: 33692559 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Displays are basic building blocks of modern electronics1,2. Integrating displays into textiles offers exciting opportunities for smart electronic textiles-the ultimate goal of wearable technology, poised to change the way in which we interact with electronic devices3-6. Display textiles serve to bridge human-machine interactions7-9, offering, for instance, a real-time communication tool for individuals with voice or speech difficulties. Electronic textiles capable of communicating10, sensing11,12 and supplying electricity13,14 have been reported previously. However, textiles with functional, large-area displays have not yet been achieved, because it is challenging to obtain small illuminating units that are both durable and easy to assemble over a wide area. Here we report a 6-metre-long, 25-centimetre-wide display textile containing 5 × 105 electroluminescent units spaced approximately 800 micrometres apart. Weaving conductive weft and luminescent warp fibres forms micrometre-scale electroluminescent units at the weft-warp contact points. The brightness between electroluminescent units deviates by less than 8 per cent and remains stable even when the textile is bent, stretched or pressed. Our display textile is flexible and breathable and withstands repeated machine-washing, making it suitable for practical applications. We show that an integrated textile system consisting of display, keyboard and power supply can serve as a communication tool, demonstrating the system's potential within the 'internet of things' in various areas, including healthcare. Our approach unifies the fabrication and function of electronic devices with textiles, and we expect that woven-fibre materials will shape the next generation of electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhai
- The Institute of AI and Robotics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahao Shen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangyiwei Yang
- Mechanics of Functional Materials Division, Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Zhen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingxia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Tong
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- The Institute of AI and Robotics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ji Hua Laboratory, Foshan, China
| | - Qibing Pei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UTS-SUStech Joint Research Centre for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peining Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Huisheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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46
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Mechanical Properties and Epoxy Resin Infiltration Behavior of Carbon-Nanotube-Fiber-Based Single-Fiber Composites. MATERIALS 2020; 14:ma14010106. [PMID: 33383785 PMCID: PMC7796271 DOI: 10.3390/ma14010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube fiber (CNTF), prepared by the direct-spinning method, has several nanopores, and the infiltration behavior of resins into these nanopores could influence the mechanical properties of CNTF-based composites. In this work, we investigated the infiltration behavior of resin into the nanopores of the CNTFs and mechanical properties of the CNTF-based single-fiber composites using six epoxy resins with varying viscosities. Epoxy resins can be easily infiltrated into the nanopores of the CNTF; however, pores appear when a resin with significantly high or low viscosity is used in the preparation process of the composites. All the composite fibers exhibit lower load-at-break value compared to as-densified CNTF, which is an unexpected phenomenon. It is speculated that the bundle structure of the CNTF can undergo changes due to the high affinity between the epoxy and CNTF. As composite fibers containing pores exhibit an even lower load-at-break value, the removal of pores by the defoaming process is essential to enhance the mechanical properties of the composite fibers.
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47
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Wan YJ, Wang XY, Li XM, Liao SY, Lin ZQ, Hu YG, Zhao T, Zeng XL, Li CH, Yu SH, Zhu PL, Sun R, Wong CP. Ultrathin Densified Carbon Nanotube Film with "Metal-like" Conductivity, Superior Mechanical Strength, and Ultrahigh Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14134-14145. [PMID: 33044056 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and lightweight high-performance electromagnetic interference shielding materials with minimal thickness, excellent mechanical properties, and outstanding reliability are highly desired in the field of fifth-generation (5G) communication, yet remain extremely challenging to manufacture. Herein, we prepared an ultrathin densified carbon nanotube (CNT) film with superior mechanical properties and ultrahigh shielding effectiveness. Upon complete removal of impurities in pristine CNT film, charge separation in individual CNTs induced by polar molecules leads to strong CNT-CNT attraction and film densification, which significantly improve the electrical conductivity, shielding performance, and mechanical strength. The tensile strength is up to 822 ± 21 MPa, meanwhile the electrical conductivity is as high as 902,712 S/m, and the density is only 1.39 g cm-3. Notably, the shielding effectiveness is over 51 dB with a thickness of merely 1.85 μm in the broad frequency range of 4-18 GHz, and it reaches to ∼82 dB at 6.36 μm and ∼101 dB at 14.7 μm, respectively. Further, such CNT film exhibits excellent reliability after an extended period in strong acid/alkali, high temperature, and high humidity. It demonstrates the best overall performance among representative shielding materials by far, representing a critical breakthrough in the preparation of shielding film toward applications in wearable electronics and 5G communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jun Wan
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yun Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Miao Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Si-Yuan Liao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Lin
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - You-Gen Hu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Liang Zeng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Hong Li
- Fourth Phase Water Technologies, 501 Silverside Road, Wilmington, Delaware 19809, United States
| | - Shu-Hui Yu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Li Zhu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Rong Sun
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China
| | - Ching-Ping Wong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332, United States
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48
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Wang W, Liu Y, Wang S, Fu X, Zhao T, Chen X, Shao Z. Physically Cross-Linked Silk Fibroin-Based Tough Hydrogel Electrolyte with Exceptional Water Retention and Freezing Tolerance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:25353-25362. [PMID: 32347700 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Flexible ionic conductive hydrogel is attracting significant interest as it could be one of the crucial components for multifunctional ionotronic devices. However, their features of inevitably drying out without package and freezing at subzero temperatures may greatly limit the applications of conventional hydrogels in specific situations. Here, we present an ionic conductive hydrogel with water retention and freezing tolerance that consists of silk fibroin, ionic liquid, water, and inorganic salt. It is discovered that the ionic liquid serves multiple purposes to prevent water evaporation, decrease the freezing point, provide the essential conductivity of the hydrogel, etc. As a binary mixed solvent, the ionic liquid/water mixture enhances both water retention and freezing tolerance of the hydrogel electrolyte. Based on the silk fibroin (SF)/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMImAc)/H2O/KCl hydrogel electrolyte, the flexible fiberlike supercapacitor could still function well at a temperature as low as -50 °C and after being stored in the open air for a long time. It is anticipated that this hydrogel will prove useful in developing new applications operating under harsh environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yizhuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Shiqiang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Tiancheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zhengzhong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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49
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Oh E, Cho H, Kim J, Kim JE, Yi Y, Choi J, Lee H, Im YH, Lee KH, Lee WJ. Super-Strong Carbon Nanotube Fibers Achieved by Engineering Gas Flow and Postsynthesis Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:13107-13115. [PMID: 32078299 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) are directly spun from a floating-catalyst chemical vapor deposition apparatus using gas-phase carbon and an iron nanocatalyst. The essential synthesis and post-treatment factors that affect the strength of CNTFs are investigated to obtain CNTFs with greater strength than those of any previously reported high-performance fibers. The key factors optimized included the degree of rotational flow inside the reactor, the ratio of the starting materials, and the postsynthesis treatment conditions. The formation of rotational gas flow inside the reactor was confirmed by computational fluid dynamics simulations, and the feed ratio of the starting materials was optimized through response surface methodology. In addition, a reproducible and highly efficient postsynthesis treatment method was established. Pristine CNTFs with a high specific strength (SS) (average 2.2 N/tex, max. 2.3 N/tex) were synthesized through decreased rotational flow and optimization of the CNTF synthesis conditions. To improve the SS of the CNTFs further, we adopted an acid wet-stretching method that included washing and heat treatment. This drastically increased the SS of the CNTFs (average 5.5 N/tex, max. 6.4 N/tex) because of the decrease in the volume of the pores between the CNT bundles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Oh
- LG Chem R&D Campus Daejeon, 188 Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34122, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Cho
- LG Chem R&D Campus Daejeon, 188 Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34122, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhan Kim
- LG Chem R&D Campus Daejeon, 188 Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34122, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- LG Chem R&D Campus Daejeon, 188 Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34122, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjin Yi
- LG Chem R&D Campus Daejeon, 188 Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34122, Republic of Korea
| | - Junwon Choi
- LG Chem R&D Campus Daejeon, 188 Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34122, Republic of Korea
| | - Haemin Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Hoon Im
- LG Chem R&D Campus Daejeon, 188 Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34122, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Hong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jae Lee
- LG Chem R&D Campus Daejeon, 188 Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34122, Republic of Korea
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Meng L, Zeng Y, Zhu D. Dynamic Liquid Membrane Electrochemical Modification of Carbon Nanotube Fiber for Electrochemical Microfabrication. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:6183-6192. [PMID: 31912725 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube fibers (CNFs) are a promising material for use as lightweight, high-strength, electrically conducting tool cathodes in wire electrochemical micromachining (WECMM) in which a high-performance tool cathode is crucial for optimal processing performance. However, the outstanding advantages of pristine CNFs, such as fiber strength, electrical conductivity, and hydrophilic surface, have so far remained underutilized as tool cathodes in WECMM. Herein, electrochemical modification using a dynamic liquid membrane is proposed as an effective online method for functionalizing CNFs prior to WECMM. The proposed method not only improves the assembly accuracy and efficiency but also avoids unnecessary damage to the modified CNF during installation. The introduced functional groups (-OH and -COOH) effectively improved the electrical conductivity and hydrophilicity of CNFs. The influences of H2O2 concentration, applied voltage, and anodization time on the surface modification process were examined experimentally. The use of a pulsed voltage was further proposed to prevent the loss of fiber strength due to over-anodization. Finally, the use of modified CNF electrodes with good surface morphology, strength, and conductivity in WECMM was demonstrated to afford superior machining stability, efficiency, and accuracy as well as improved surface quality compared with the conventional tool cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingchao Meng
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering , Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing 210016 , China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Precision and Micro-Manufacturing Technology , Nanjing 210016 , China
| | - Yongbin Zeng
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering , Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing 210016 , China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Precision and Micro-Manufacturing Technology , Nanjing 210016 , China
| | - Di Zhu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering , Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing 210016 , China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Precision and Micro-Manufacturing Technology , Nanjing 210016 , China
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