1
|
Marcos-Villar L, Perdiguero B, López-Bravo M, Zamora C, Sin L, Álvarez E, Sorzano CÓS, Sánchez-Cordón PJ, Casasnovas JM, Astorgano D, García-Arriaza J, Anthiya S, Borrajo ML, Lou G, Cuesta B, Franceschini L, Gelpí JL, Thielemans K, Sisteré-Oró M, Meyerhans A, García F, Esteban I, López-Bigas N, Plana M, Alonso MJ, Esteban M, Gómez CE. Heterologous mRNA/MVA delivering trimeric-RBD as effective vaccination regimen against SARS-CoV-2: COVARNA Consortium. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2387906. [PMID: 39087555 PMCID: PMC11313003 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2387906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite the high efficiency of current SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in reducing COVID-19 morbidity and mortality, waning immunity and the emergence of resistant variants underscore the need for novel vaccination strategies. This study explores a heterologous mRNA/Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) prime/boost regimen employing a trimeric form of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein compared to a homologous MVA/MVA regimen. In C57BL/6 mice, the RBD was delivered during priming via an mRNA vector encapsulated in nanoemulsions (NE) or lipid nanoparticles (LNP), followed by a booster with a replication-deficient MVA-based recombinant virus (MVA-RBD). This heterologous mRNA/MVA regimen elicited strong anti-RBD binding and neutralizing antibodies (BAbs and NAbs) against both the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain and different variants of concern (VoCs). Additionally, this protocol induced robust and polyfunctional RBD-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses, particularly in animals primed with mLNP-RBD. In K18-hACE2 transgenic mice, the LNP-RBD/MVA combination provided complete protection from morbidity and mortality following a live SARS-CoV-2 challenge compared with the partial protection observed with mNE-RBD/MVA or MVA/MVA regimens. Although the mNE-RBD/MVA regimen only protects half of the animals, it was able to induce antibodies with Fc-mediated effector functions besides NAbs. Moreover, viral replication and viral load in the respiratory tract were markedly reduced and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were observed. These results support the efficacy of heterologous mRNA/MVA vaccine combinations over homologous MVA/MVA regimen, using alternative nanocarriers that circumvent intellectual property restrictions of current mRNA vaccine formulations.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology
- COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage
- SARS-CoV-2/immunology
- SARS-CoV-2/genetics
- Mice
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics
- COVID-19/prevention & control
- COVID-19/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Vaccinia virus/genetics
- Vaccinia virus/immunology
- Humans
- Female
- Nanoparticles/administration & dosage
- Vaccination
- mRNA Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Mice, Transgenic
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/immunology
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/genetics
- Liposomes
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marcos-Villar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Perdiguero
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Zamora
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Sin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Álvarez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pedro J. Sánchez-Cordón
- Veterinary Pathology Department, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - David Astorgano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan García-Arriaza
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Shubaash Anthiya
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mireya L. Borrajo
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gustavo Lou
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Belén Cuesta
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Franceschini
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Josep L. Gelpí
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kris Thielemans
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marta Sisteré-Oró
- Infection Biology Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreas Meyerhans
- Infection Biology Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felipe García
- Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clínic, UB,Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, UB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Esteban
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, UB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria López-Bigas
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Plana
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, UB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María J. Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mariano Esteban
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Elena Gómez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang D, Wang X, Yang X, Qi S, Zhao F, Guo D, Li C, Zhu Q, Xing X, Cao Y, Sun D. Construction and immune effect evaluation of the S protein heptad repeat-based nanoparticle vaccine against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. Virology 2024; 596:110113. [PMID: 38801794 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a highly virulent enteropathogenic coronavirus, is a significant threat to the pig industry. High frequency mutations in the PEDV genome have limited the effectiveness of current vaccines in providing immune protection. Developing efficient vaccines that can quickly adapt to mutant strains is a challenging but crucial task. In this study, we chose the pivotal protein heptad repeat (HR) responsible for coronavirus entry into host cells, as the vaccine antigen. HR-Fer nanoparticles prepared using ferritin were evaluated them as PEDV vaccine candidates. Nanoparticle vaccines elicited stronger neutralizing antibody responses in mice compared to monomer vaccines. Additionally, HR protein delivered via nanoparticles increased antigen uptake by antigen-presenting cells in vitro by 2.75-fold. The collective results suggest that HR can be used as antigens for vaccines, and the HR vaccine based on ferritin nanoparticles significantly enhances immunogenicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Xinglin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Shanshan Qi
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Feiyu Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Donghua Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Chunqiu Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Qinghe Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Xiaoxu Xing
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Yang Cao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing, 163319, China.
| | - Dongbo Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 5 Xinfeng Road, Sartu District, Daqing, 163319, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu J, Wang Z, Li Y, Zhang Z, Ren S, Wang J, Xie S, Liao Z, Song B, Wu W, Yan F, Peng C. Trimerized S expressed by modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) confers superior protection against lethal SARS-CoV-2 challenge in mice. J Virol 2024; 98:e0052124. [PMID: 38874361 PMCID: PMC11264693 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00521-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The reoccurrence of successive waves of SARS-CoV-2 variants suggests the exploration of more vaccine alternatives is imperative. Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is a virus vector exhibiting excellent safety as well as efficacy for vaccine development. Here, a series of recombinant MVAs (rMVAs) expressing monomerized or trimerized S proteins from different SARS-CoV-2 variants are engineered. Trimerized S expressed from rMVAs is found predominantly as trimers on the surface of infected cells. Remarkably, immunization of mice with rMVAs demonstrates that S expressed in trimer elicits higher levels of binding IgG and IgA, as well as neutralizing antibodies for matched and mismatched S proteins than S in the monomer. In addition, trimerized S expressed by rMVA induces enhanced cytotoxic T-cell responses than S in the monomer. Importantly, the rMVA vaccines expressing trimerized S exhibit superior protection against a lethal SARS-CoV-2 challenge as the immunized animals all survive without displaying any pathological conditions. This study suggests that opting for trimerized S may represent a more effective approach and highlights that the MVA platform serves as an ideal foundation to continuously advance SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development. IMPORTANCE MVA is a promising vaccine vector and has been approved as a vaccine for smallpox and mpox. Our analyses suggested that recombinant MVA expressing S in trimer (rMVA-ST) elicited robust cellular and humoral immunity and was more effective than MVA-S-monomer. Importantly, the rMVA-ST vaccine was able to stimulate decent cross-reactive neutralization against pseudoviruses packaged using S from different sublineages, including Wuhan, Delta, and Omicron. Remarkably, mice immunized with rMVA-ST were completely protected from a lethal challenge of SARS-CoV-2 without displaying any pathological conditions. Our results demonstrated that an MVA vectored vaccine expressing trimerized S is a promising vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2 and the strategy might be adapted for future vaccine development for coronaviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junda Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenshan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yarui Li
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zihui Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuning Ren
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shijie Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyi Liao
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Baifen Song
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxue Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Feihu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Chen Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sarmadi S, Ghalyanchilangeroudi A, Najafi H. Vaccine approaches and treatment aspects against Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever. Virusdisease 2024; 35:377-383. [PMID: 39071873 PMCID: PMC11269551 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-024-00868-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever [CCHF] is a severe infectious viral disease caused by a tick borne virus which can lead to fatal hemorrhagic disease in humans. It has been reported from some continents including Africa, Asia and Europe. Virus is transmitted to human mainly through tick bite, whose acquire infection from reservoirs wild and domesticated mammalians and ostriches. Currently no approved vaccine or drug is available for CCHF and prevention is mainly based on biosecurity measures. Ribavirin is the only approved drug that has been used in some countries to treat human disease, however some new studies did not prove the Ribavirin efficacy. Different strategies to design effective vaccines, have been conducted through years, from inactivated virus to nucleotide-based ones including DNA and mRNA vaccines. In this study we review of pioneering vaccine candidate platforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soroush Sarmadi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Ghalyanchilangeroudi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Najafi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mendoza-Ramírez NJ, García-Cordero J, Shrivastava G, Cedillo-Barrón L. The Key to Increase Immunogenicity of Next-Generation COVID-19 Vaccines Lies in the Inclusion of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein. J Immunol Res 2024; 2024:9313267. [PMID: 38939745 PMCID: PMC11208798 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9313267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is one of the most effective prophylactic public health interventions for the prevention of infectious diseases such as coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Considering the ongoing need for new COVID-19 vaccines, it is crucial to modify our approach and incorporate more conserved regions of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to effectively address emerging viral variants. The nucleocapsid protein is a structural protein of SARS-CoV-2 that is involved in replication and immune responses. Furthermore, this protein offers significant advantages owing to the minimal accumulation of mutations over time and the inclusion of key T-cell epitopes critical for SARS-CoV-2 immunity. A novel strategy that may be suitable for the new generation of vaccines against COVID-19 is to use a combination of antigens, including the spike and nucleocapsid proteins, to elicit robust humoral and potent cellular immune responses, along with long-lasting immunity. The strategic use of multiple antigens aims to enhance vaccine efficacy and broaden protection against viruses, including their variants. The immune response against the nucleocapsid protein from other coronavirus is long-lasting, and it can persist up to 11 years post-infection. Thus, the incorporation of nucleocapsids (N) into vaccine design adds an important dimension to vaccination efforts and holds promise for bolstering the ability to combat COVID-19 effectively. In this review, we summarize the preclinical studies that evaluated the use of the nucleocapsid protein as antigen. This study discusses the use of nucleocapsid alone and its combination with spike protein or other proteins of SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noe Juvenal Mendoza-Ramírez
- Departamento de Biomedicina MolecularCINVESTAV IPN, Av. IPN # 2508 Col, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Julio García-Cordero
- Departamento de Biomedicina MolecularCINVESTAV IPN, Av. IPN # 2508 Col, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Gaurav Shrivastava
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector ResearchNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Leticia Cedillo-Barrón
- Departamento de Biomedicina MolecularCINVESTAV IPN, Av. IPN # 2508 Col, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Metz C, Haug V, Müller M, Amann R. Pharmacokinetic and Environmental Risk Assessment of Prime-2-CoV, a Non-Replicating Orf Virus-Based Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:492. [PMID: 38793743 PMCID: PMC11126055 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Viral vector vaccines represent a substantial advancement in immunization technology, offering numerous benefits over traditional vaccine modalities. The Orf virus (ORFV) strain D1701-VrV is a particularly promising candidate for vaccine development due to its distinctive attributes, such as a good safety profile, the ability to elicit both humoral and cellular immunity, and its favorable genetic and thermal stability. Despite ORFV's theoretical safety advantages, such as its narrow host range and limited systemic spread post-inoculation, a critical gap persists between these theoretical benefits and the empirical evidence regarding its in vivo safety profile. This discrepancy underscores the need for comprehensive preclinical validations to bridge this knowledge gap, especially considering ORFV's use in humans. Our research introduces Prime-2-CoV, an innovative ORFV-based vaccine candidate against COVID-19, designed to elicit a robust immune response by expressing SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid and Spike proteins. Currently under clinical trials, Prime-2-CoV marks the inaugural application of ORFV in human subjects. Addressing the aforementioned safety concerns, our extensive preclinical evaluation, including an environmental risk assessment (ERA) and detailed pharmacokinetic studies in rats and immunocompromised NOG mice, demonstrates Prime-2-CoV's favorable pharmacokinetic profile, negligible environmental impact, and minimal ERA risks. These findings not only affirm the vaccine's safety and efficacy but also pioneer the use of ORFV-based therapeutics, highlighting its potential for wider therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carina Metz
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (C.M.); (V.H.); (M.M.)
- Institute for Tropical Medicine, Travel Medicine, and Human Parasitology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Verena Haug
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (C.M.); (V.H.); (M.M.)
- Institute for Tropical Medicine, Travel Medicine, and Human Parasitology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Melanie Müller
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (C.M.); (V.H.); (M.M.)
| | - Ralf Amann
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (C.M.); (V.H.); (M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yll-Pico M, Park Y, Martinez J, Iniguez A, Kha M, Kim T, Medrano L, Nguyen VH, Kaltcheva T, Dempsey S, Chiuppesi F, Wussow F, Diamond DJ. Highly stable and immunogenic CMV T cell vaccine candidate developed using a synthetic MVA platform. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:68. [PMID: 38555379 PMCID: PMC10981716 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00859-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common infectious cause of complications post-transplantation, while a CMV vaccine for transplant recipients has yet to be licensed. Triplex, a multiantigen Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA)-vectored CMV vaccine candidate based on the immunodominant antigens phosphoprotein 65 (pp65) and immediate-early 1 and 2 (IE1/2), is in an advanced stage of clinical development. However, its limited genetic and expression stability restricts its potential for large-scale production. Using a recently developed fully synthetic MVA (sMVA) platform, we developed a new generation Triplex vaccine candidate, T10-F10, with different sequence modifications for enhanced vaccine stability. T10-F10 demonstrated genetic and expression stability during extensive virus passaging. In addition, we show that T10-F10 confers comparable immunogenicity to the original Triplex vaccine to elicit antigen-specific T cell responses in HLA-transgenic mice. These results demonstrate improvements in translational vaccine properties of an sMVA-based CMV vaccine candidate designed as a therapeutic treatment for transplant recipients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcal Yll-Pico
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
| | - Yoonsuh Park
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Joy Martinez
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Angelina Iniguez
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Mindy Kha
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Taehyun Kim
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Leonard Medrano
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Vu H Nguyen
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Teodora Kaltcheva
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Shannon Dempsey
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Flavia Chiuppesi
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Felix Wussow
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Don J Diamond
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lobaina Y, Chen R, Suzarte E, Ai P, Huerta V, Musacchio A, Silva R, Tan C, Martín A, Lazo L, Guillén-Nieto G, Yang K, Perera Y, Hermida L. The Nucleocapsid Protein of SARS-CoV-2, Combined with ODN-39M, Is a Potential Component for an Intranasal Bivalent Vaccine with Broader Functionality. Viruses 2024; 16:418. [PMID: 38543783 PMCID: PMC10976088 DOI: 10.3390/v16030418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the rapid development of vaccines against COVID-19, they have important limitations, such as safety issues, the scope of their efficacy, and the induction of mucosal immunity. The present study proposes a potential component for a new generation of vaccines. The recombinant nucleocapsid (N) protein from the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant was combined with the ODN-39M, a synthetic 39 mer unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN), used as an adjuvant. The evaluation of its immunogenicity in Balb/C mice revealed that only administration by intranasal route induced a systemic cross-reactive, cell-mediated immunity (CMI). In turn, this combination was able to induce anti-N IgA in the lungs, which, along with the specific IgG in sera and CMI in the spleen, was cross-reactive against the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-1. Furthermore, the nasal administration of the N + ODN-39M preparation, combined with RBD Delta protein, enhanced the local and systemic immune response against RBD, with a neutralizing capacity. Results make the N + ODN-39M preparation a suitable component for a future intranasal vaccine with broader functionality against Sarbecoviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yadira Lobaina
- Research Department, China-Cuba Biotechnology Joint Innovation Center (CCBJIC), Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China; (Y.L.); (R.C.); (P.A.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (C.T.)
- R&D Department, Yongzhou Zhong Gu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yangjiaqiao Street, Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Research Department, China-Cuba Biotechnology Joint Innovation Center (CCBJIC), Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China; (Y.L.); (R.C.); (P.A.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (C.T.)
- Yongzhou Development and Construction Investment Co., Ltd. (YDCI), Changfeng Industry Park, Yongzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, No. 1 Liebao Road, Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China
| | - Edith Suzarte
- CIGB: Research Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana 10600, Cuba; (E.S.); (A.M.); (L.L.); (G.G.-N.)
| | - Panchao Ai
- Research Department, China-Cuba Biotechnology Joint Innovation Center (CCBJIC), Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China; (Y.L.); (R.C.); (P.A.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (C.T.)
- Yongzhou Development and Construction Investment Co., Ltd. (YDCI), Changfeng Industry Park, Yongzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, No. 1 Liebao Road, Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China
| | - Vivian Huerta
- Research Department, China-Cuba Biotechnology Joint Innovation Center (CCBJIC), Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China; (Y.L.); (R.C.); (P.A.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (C.T.)
- CIGB: Research Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana 10600, Cuba; (E.S.); (A.M.); (L.L.); (G.G.-N.)
| | - Alexis Musacchio
- Research Department, China-Cuba Biotechnology Joint Innovation Center (CCBJIC), Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China; (Y.L.); (R.C.); (P.A.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (C.T.)
- CIGB: Research Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana 10600, Cuba; (E.S.); (A.M.); (L.L.); (G.G.-N.)
| | - Ricardo Silva
- Research Department, China-Cuba Biotechnology Joint Innovation Center (CCBJIC), Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China; (Y.L.); (R.C.); (P.A.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (C.T.)
- BCF: R&D Section, Representative Office BCF in China, Jingtai Tower, No. 24 Jianguomen Wai Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Changyuan Tan
- Research Department, China-Cuba Biotechnology Joint Innovation Center (CCBJIC), Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China; (Y.L.); (R.C.); (P.A.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (C.T.)
- Yongzhou Development and Construction Investment Co., Ltd. (YDCI), Changfeng Industry Park, Yongzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, No. 1 Liebao Road, Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China
| | - Alejandro Martín
- CIGB: Research Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana 10600, Cuba; (E.S.); (A.M.); (L.L.); (G.G.-N.)
| | - Laura Lazo
- CIGB: Research Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana 10600, Cuba; (E.S.); (A.M.); (L.L.); (G.G.-N.)
| | - Gerardo Guillén-Nieto
- CIGB: Research Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana 10600, Cuba; (E.S.); (A.M.); (L.L.); (G.G.-N.)
| | - Ke Yang
- Research Department, China-Cuba Biotechnology Joint Innovation Center (CCBJIC), Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China; (Y.L.); (R.C.); (P.A.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (C.T.)
- Yongzhou Development and Construction Investment Co., Ltd. (YDCI), Changfeng Industry Park, Yongzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, No. 1 Liebao Road, Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China
| | - Yasser Perera
- Research Department, China-Cuba Biotechnology Joint Innovation Center (CCBJIC), Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China; (Y.L.); (R.C.); (P.A.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (C.T.)
- R&D Department, Yongzhou Zhong Gu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yangjiaqiao Street, Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China
- CIGB: Research Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana 10600, Cuba; (E.S.); (A.M.); (L.L.); (G.G.-N.)
| | - Lisset Hermida
- Research Department, China-Cuba Biotechnology Joint Innovation Center (CCBJIC), Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China; (Y.L.); (R.C.); (P.A.); (V.H.); (A.M.); (R.S.); (C.T.)
- Yongzhou Development and Construction Investment Co., Ltd. (YDCI), Changfeng Industry Park, Yongzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, No. 1 Liebao Road, Lengshuitan District, Yongzhou 425000, China
- BCF: R&D Section, Representative Office BCF in China, Jingtai Tower, No. 24 Jianguomen Wai Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100022, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hromić-Jahjefendić A, Lundstrom K, Adilović M, Aljabali AAA, Tambuwala MM, Serrano-Aroca Á, Uversky VN. Autoimmune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Autoimmun Rev 2024; 23:103508. [PMID: 38160960 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The complicated relationships between autoimmunity, COVID-19, and COVID-19 vaccinations are described, giving insight into their intricacies. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-Ro/SSA, rheumatoid factor, lupus anticoagulant, and antibodies against interferon (IFN)-I have all been consistently found in COVID-19 patients, indicating a high prevalence of autoimmune reactions following viral exposure. Furthermore, the discovery of human proteins with structural similarities to SARS-CoV-2 peptides as possible autoantigens highlights the complex interplay between the virus and the immune system in initiating autoimmunity. An updated summary of the current status of COVID-19 vaccines is presented. We present probable pathways underpinning the genesis of COVID-19 autoimmunity, such as bystander activation caused by hyperinflammatory conditions, viral persistence, and the creation of neutrophil extracellular traps. These pathways provide important insights into the development of autoimmune-related symptoms ranging from organ-specific to systemic autoimmune and inflammatory illnesses, demonstrating the wide influence of COVID-19 on the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Altijana Hromić-Jahjefendić
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Hrasnicka cesta 15, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | | | - Muhamed Adilović
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Hrasnicka cesta 15, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Alaa A A Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, P.O. Box 566, Irbid 21163, Jordan.
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- Lincoln Medical School, Brayford Pool Campus, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK.
| | - Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Guillem de Castro 94, 46001, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chiuppesi F, Zaia JA, Gutierrez-Franco MA, Ortega-Francisco S, Ly M, Kha M, Kim T, Dempsey S, Kar S, Grifoni A, Sette A, Wussow F, Diamond DJ. Synthetic modified vaccinia Ankara vaccines confer cross-reactive and protective immunity against mpox virus. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2024; 4:19. [PMID: 38366141 PMCID: PMC10873322 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00443-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the mpox global health emergency caused by mpox virus (MPXV) clade IIb.1 has ended, mpox cases are still reported due to low vaccination coverage and waning immunity. COH04S1 is a clinically evaluated, multiantigen COVID-19 vaccine candidate built on a fully synthetic platform of the highly attenuated modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vector, representing the only FDA-approved smallpox/mpox vaccine JYNNEOS. Given the potential threat of MPXV resurgence and need for vaccine alternatives, we aimed to assess the capacity COH04S1 and its synthetic MVA (sMVA) backbone to confer MPXV-specific immunity. METHODS We evaluated orthopoxvirus-specific and MPXV cross-reactive immune responses in samples collected during a Phase 1 clinical trial of COH04S1 and in non-human primates (NHP) vaccinated with COH04S1 or its sMVA backbone. MPXV cross-reactive immune responses in COH04S1-vaccinated healthy adults were compared to responses measured in healthy subjects vaccinated with JYNNEOS. Additionally, we evaluated the protective efficacy of COH04S1 and sMVA against mpox in mpox-susceptible CAST/EiJ mice. RESULTS COH04S1-vaccinated individuals develop robust orthopoxvirus-specific humoral and cellular responses, including cross-reactive antibodies to MPXV-specific virion proteins as well as MPXV cross-neutralizing antibodies in 45% of the subjects. In addition, NHP vaccinated with COH04S1 or sMVA show similar MPXV cross-reactive antibody responses. Moreover, MPXV cross-reactive humoral responses elicited by COH04S1 are comparable to those measured in JYNNEOS-vaccinated subjects. Finally, we show that mice vaccinated with COH04S1 or sMVA are protected from lung infection following challenge with MPXV clade IIb.1. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the capacity of sMVA vaccines to elicit cross-reactive and protective orthopox-specific immunity against MPXV, suggesting that COH04S1 and sMVA could be developed as bivalent or monovalent mpox vaccine alternatives against MPXV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Chiuppesi
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
| | - John A Zaia
- Center for Gene Therapy, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Miguel-Angel Gutierrez-Franco
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Ortega-Francisco
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Minh Ly
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Mindy Kha
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Taehyun Kim
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Shannon Dempsey
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | | | - Alba Grifoni
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Felix Wussow
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Don J Diamond
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lundstrom K. COVID-19 Vaccines: Where Did We Stand at the End of 2023? Viruses 2024; 16:203. [PMID: 38399979 PMCID: PMC10893040 DOI: 10.3390/v16020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2 has been highly successful in slowing down the COVID-19 pandemic. A wide spectrum of approaches including vaccines based on whole viruses, protein subunits and peptides, viral vectors, and nucleic acids has been developed in parallel. For all types of COVID-19 vaccines, good safety and efficacy have been obtained in both preclinical animal studies and in clinical trials in humans. Moreover, emergency use authorization has been granted for the major types of COVID-19 vaccines. Although high safety has been demonstrated, rare cases of severe adverse events have been detected after global mass vaccinations. Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants possessing enhanced infectivity have affected vaccine protection efficacy requiring re-design and re-engineering of novel COVID-19 vaccine candidates. Furthermore, insight is given into preparedness against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Collapse
|
12
|
Boulton S, Poutou J, Gill R, Alluqmani N, He X, Singaravelu R, Crupi MJ, Petryk J, Austin B, Angka L, Taha Z, Teo I, Singh S, Jamil R, Marius R, Martin N, Jamieson T, Azad T, Diallo JS, Ilkow CS, Bell JC. A T cell-targeted multi-antigen vaccine generates robust cellular and humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2023; 31:101110. [PMID: 37822719 PMCID: PMC10562195 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.101110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent behind the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has continued to mutate and create new variants with increased resistance against the WHO-approved spike-based vaccines. With a significant portion of the worldwide population still unvaccinated and with waning immunity against newly emerging variants, there is a pressing need to develop novel vaccines that provide broader and longer-lasting protection. To generate broader protective immunity against COVID-19, we developed our second-generation vaccinia virus-based COVID-19 vaccine, TOH-VAC-2, encoded with modified versions of the spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins as well as a unique poly-epitope antigen that contains immunodominant T cell epitopes from seven different SARS-CoV-2 proteins. We show that the poly-epitope antigen restimulates T cells from the PBMCs of individuals formerly infected with SARS-CoV-2. In mice, TOH-VAC-2 vaccination produces high titers of S- and N-specific antibodies and generates robust T cell immunity against S, N, and poly-epitope antigens. The immunity generated from TOH-VAC-2 is also capable of protecting mice from heterologous challenge with recombinant VSV viruses that express the same SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Altogether, these findings demonstrate the effectiveness of our versatile vaccine platform as an alternative or complementary approach to current vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Boulton
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Joanna Poutou
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Rida Gill
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Nouf Alluqmani
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Xiaohong He
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Ragunath Singaravelu
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Mathieu J.F. Crupi
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Julia Petryk
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Bradley Austin
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Leonard Angka
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Zaid Taha
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Iris Teo
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Siddarth Singh
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Rameen Jamil
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Ricardo Marius
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Nikolas Martin
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Taylor Jamieson
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Taha Azad
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jean-Simon Diallo
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Carolina S. Ilkow
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - John C. Bell
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abdelnabi R, Pérez P, Astorgano D, Albericio G, Kerstens W, Thibaut HJ, Coelmont L, Weynand B, Labiod N, Delgado R, Montenegro D, Puentes E, Rodríguez E, Neyts J, Dallmeier K, Esteban M, García-Arriaza J. Optimized vaccine candidate MVA-S(3P) fully protects against SARS-CoV-2 infection in hamsters. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1163159. [PMID: 37920464 PMCID: PMC10619667 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1163159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of novel optimized vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that are capable of controlling the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and the appearance of different variants of concern (VoC) is needed to fully prevent the transmission of the virus. In the present study, we describe the enhanced immunogenicity and efficacy elicited in hamsters by a modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector expressing a full-length prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein [termed MVA-S(3P)]. Hamsters vaccinated with one or two doses of MVA-S(3P) developed high titers of S-binding IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies against the ancestral Wuhan SARS-CoV-2 virus and VoC beta, gamma, and delta, as well as against omicron, although with a somewhat lower neutralization activity. After SARS-CoV-2 challenge, vaccinated hamsters did not lose body weight as compared to matched placebo (MVA-WT) controls. Consistently, vaccinated hamsters exhibited significantly reduced viral RNA in the lungs and nasal washes, and no infectious virus was detected in the lungs in comparison to controls. Furthermore, almost no lung histopathology was detected in MVA-S(3P)-vaccinated hamsters, which also showed significantly reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the lungs compared to unvaccinated hamsters. These results reinforce the use of MVA-S(3P) as a vaccine candidate against COVID-19 in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana Abdelnabi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology, Molecular Vaccinology and Vaccine Discovery, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patricia Pérez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Astorgano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Albericio
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Winnie Kerstens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Translational Platform Virology and Chemotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hendrik Jan Thibaut
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Translational Platform Virology and Chemotherapy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lotte Coelmont
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology, Molecular Vaccinology and Vaccine Discovery, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Birgit Weynand
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Division of Translational Cell and Tissue Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nuria Labiod
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Delgado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Medical School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Johan Neyts
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology, Molecular Vaccinology and Vaccine Discovery, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kai Dallmeier
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology, Molecular Vaccinology and Vaccine Discovery, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mariano Esteban
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan García-Arriaza
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chiuppesi F, Ortega-Francisco S, Gutierrez MA, Li J, Ly M, Faircloth K, Mack-Onyeike J, La Rosa C, Thomas S, Zhou Q, Drake J, Slape C, Fernando P, Rida W, Kaltcheva T, Grifoni A, Sette A, Patterson A, Dempsey S, Ball B, Ali H, Salhotra A, Stein A, Nathwani N, Rosenzweig M, Nikolaenko L, Al Malki MM, Dickter J, Nanayakkara DD, Puing A, Forman SJ, Taplitz RA, Zaia JA, Nakamura R, Wussow F, Diamond DJ, Dadwal SS. Stimulation of Potent Humoral and Cellular Immunity via Synthetic Dual-Antigen MVA-Based COVID-19 Vaccine COH04S1 in Cancer Patients Post Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1492. [PMID: 37766168 PMCID: PMC10538048 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11091492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell patients are immunocompromised, remain at high risk following SARS-CoV-2 infection, and are less likely than immunocompetent individuals to respond to vaccination. As part of the safety lead-in portion of a phase 2 clinical trial in patients post HCT/CAR-T for hematological malignancies (HM), we tested the immunogenicity of the synthetic modified vaccinia Ankara-based COVID-19 vaccine COH04S1 co-expressing spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) antigens. Thirteen patients were vaccinated 3-12 months post HCT/CAR-T with two to four doses of COH04S1. SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses, including neutralizing antibodies to ancestral virus and variants of concern (VOC), were measured up to six months post vaccination and compared to immune responses in historical cohorts of naïve healthy volunteers (HV) vaccinated with COH04S1 and naïve healthcare workers (HCW) vaccinated with the FDA-approved mRNA vaccine Comirnaty® (Pfizer, New York, NY, USA). After one or two COH04S1 vaccine doses, HCT/CAR-T recipients showed a significant increase in S- and N-specific binding antibody titers and neutralizing antibodies with potent activity against SARS-CoV-2 ancestral virus and VOC, including the highly immune evasive Omicron XBB.1.5 variant. Furthermore, vaccination with COH04S1 resulted in a significant increase in S- and N-specific T cells, predominantly CD4+ T lymphocytes. Elevated S- and N-specific immune responses continued to persist at six months post vaccination. Furthermore, both humoral and cellular immune responses in COH04S1-vaccinated HCT/CAR-T patients were superior or comparable to those measured in COH04S1-vaccinated HV or Comirnaty®-vaccinated HCW. These results demonstrate robust stimulation of SARS-CoV-2 S- and N-specific immune responses including cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies by COH04S1 in HM patients post HCT/CAR-T, supporting further testing of COH04S1 in immunocompromised populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Chiuppesi
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Sandra Ortega-Francisco
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Miguel-Angel Gutierrez
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Minh Ly
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Katelyn Faircloth
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Jada Mack-Onyeike
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Corinna La Rosa
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Sandra Thomas
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Jennifer Drake
- Clinical Trials Office, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (J.D.); (C.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Cynthia Slape
- Clinical Trials Office, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (J.D.); (C.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Paolo Fernando
- Clinical Trials Office, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (J.D.); (C.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Wasima Rida
- Independent Researcher, Arlington, VA 22205, USA;
| | - Teodora Kaltcheva
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Alba Grifoni
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute of Allergy and Immunology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (A.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute of Allergy and Immunology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (A.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Angela Patterson
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Shannon Dempsey
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Brian Ball
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Haris Ali
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Amandeep Salhotra
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Anthony Stein
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Nitya Nathwani
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Michael Rosenzweig
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Liana Nikolaenko
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Monzr M. Al Malki
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Jana Dickter
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Deepa D. Nanayakkara
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Alfredo Puing
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Stephen J. Forman
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Randy A. Taplitz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (R.A.T.); (S.S.D.)
- Department of Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - John A. Zaia
- Center for Gene Therapy, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA;
| | - Ryotaro Nakamura
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Felix Wussow
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Don J. Diamond
- Department of Hematology and HCT, Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (F.C.); (S.O.-F.); (M.-A.G.); (J.L.); (K.F.); (J.M.-O.); (C.L.R.); (S.T.); (Q.Z.); (T.K.); (A.P.); (S.D.); (B.B.); (H.A.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (L.N.); (M.M.A.M.); (J.D.); (D.D.N.); (S.J.F.); (R.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Sanjeet S. Dadwal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (R.A.T.); (S.S.D.)
- Department of Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
LeBlanc K, Lynch J, Layne C, Vendramelli R, Sloan A, Tailor N, Deschambault Y, Zhang F, Kobasa D, Safronetz D, Xiang Y, Cao J. The Nucleocapsid Proteins of SARS-CoV-2 and Its Close Relative Bat Coronavirus RaTG13 Are Capable of Inhibiting PKR- and RNase L-Mediated Antiviral Pathways. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0099423. [PMID: 37154717 PMCID: PMC10269842 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00994-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs), including severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV (MERS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2, produce double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) that activates antiviral pathways such as PKR and OAS/RNase L. To successfully replicate in hosts, viruses must evade such antiviral pathways. Currently, the mechanism of how SARS-CoV-2 antagonizes dsRNA-activated antiviral pathways is unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein, the most abundant viral structural protein, is capable of binding to dsRNA and phosphorylated PKR, inhibiting both the PKR and OAS/RNase L pathways. The N protein of the bat coronavirus (bat-CoV) RaTG13, the closest relative of SARS-CoV-2, has a similar ability to inhibit the human PKR and RNase L antiviral pathways. Via mutagenic analysis, we found that the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the N protein is sufficient for binding dsRNA and inhibiting RNase L activity. Interestingly, while the CTD is also sufficient for binding phosphorylated PKR, the inhibition of PKR antiviral activity requires not only the CTD but also the central linker region (LKR). Thus, our findings demonstrate that the SARS-CoV-2 N protein is capable of antagonizing the two critical antiviral pathways activated by viral dsRNA and that its inhibition of PKR activities requires more than dsRNA binding mediated by the CTD. IMPORTANCE The high transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 is an important viral factor defining the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To transmit efficiently, SARS-CoV-2 must be capable of disarming the innate immune response of its host efficiently. Here, we describe that the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 is capable of inhibiting two critical innate antiviral pathways, PKR and OAS/RNase L. Moreover, the counterpart of the closest animal coronavirus relative of SARS-CoV-2, bat-CoV RaTG13, can also inhibit human PKR and OAS/RNase L antiviral activities. Thus, the importance of our discovery for understanding the COVID-19 pandemic is 2-fold. First, the ability of SARS-CoV-2 N to inhibit innate antiviral activity is likely a factor contributing to the transmissibility and pathogenicity of the virus. Second, the bat relative of SARS-CoV-2 has the capacity to inhibit human innate immunity, which thus likely contributed to the establishment of infection in humans. The findings described in this study are valuable for developing novel antivirals and vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle LeBlanc
- Poxviruses and Vaccine Design, Division of Viral Diseases, Directorate of Science Reference and Surveillance, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jessie Lynch
- Poxviruses and Vaccine Design, Division of Viral Diseases, Directorate of Science Reference and Surveillance, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Christine Layne
- Poxviruses and Vaccine Design, Division of Viral Diseases, Directorate of Science Reference and Surveillance, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Robert Vendramelli
- Special Pathogens, Division of Health Security and Response, Directorate of Scientific Operations and Response, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Angela Sloan
- Special Pathogens, Division of Health Security and Response, Directorate of Scientific Operations and Response, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Nikesh Tailor
- Special Pathogens, Division of Health Security and Response, Directorate of Scientific Operations and Response, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Yvon Deschambault
- Special Pathogens, Division of Health Security and Response, Directorate of Scientific Operations and Response, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Fushun Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Darwyn Kobasa
- Special Pathogens, Division of Health Security and Response, Directorate of Scientific Operations and Response, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - David Safronetz
- Special Pathogens, Division of Health Security and Response, Directorate of Scientific Operations and Response, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Yan Xiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jingxin Cao
- Poxviruses and Vaccine Design, Division of Viral Diseases, Directorate of Science Reference and Surveillance, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Perdiguero B, Pérez P, Marcos-Villar L, Albericio G, Astorgano D, Álvarez E, Sin L, Elena Gómez C, García-Arriaza J, Esteban M. Highly attenuated poxvirus-based vaccines against emerging viral diseases. J Mol Biol 2023:168173. [PMID: 37301278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although one member of the poxvirus family, variola virus, has caused one of the most devastating human infections worldwide, smallpox, the knowledge gained over the last 30 years on the molecular, virological and immunological mechanisms of these viruses has allowed the use of members of this family as vectors for the generation of recombinant vaccines against numerous pathogens. In this review, we cover different aspects of the history and biology of poxviruses with emphasis on their application as vaccines, from first- to fourth-generation, against smallpox, monkeypox, emerging viral diseases highlighted by the World Health Organization (COVID-19, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, Ebola and Marburg virus diseases, Lassa fever, Middle East respiratory syndrome and severe acute respiratory syndrome, Nipah and other henipaviral diseases, Rift Valley fever and Zika), as well as against one of the most concerning prevalent virus, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, the causative agent of AcquiredImmunodeficiency Syndrome. We discuss the implications in human health of the 2022 monkeypox epidemic affecting many countries, and the rapid prophylactic and therapeutic measures adopted to control virus dissemination within the human population. We also describe the preclinical and clinical evaluation of the Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara and New York vaccinia virus poxviral strains expressing heterologous antigens from the viral diseases listed above. Finally, we report different approaches to improve the immunogenicity and efficacy of poxvirus-based vaccine candidates, such as deletion of immunomodulatory genes, insertion of host-range genes and enhanced transcription of foreign genes through modified viral promoters. Some future prospects are also highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Perdiguero
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Patricia Pérez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Laura Marcos-Villar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Albericio
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Astorgano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Álvarez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Sin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Elena Gómez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan García-Arriaza
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariano Esteban
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bonam SR, Hu H. Next-Generation Vaccines Against COVID-19 Variants: Beyond the Spike Protein. ZOONOSES (BURLINGTON, MASS.) 2023; 3:10.15212/zoonoses-2023-0003. [PMID: 38031548 PMCID: PMC10686570 DOI: 10.15212/zoonoses-2023-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines are among the most effective medical countermeasures against infectious diseases. The current Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spurred the scientific strategies to fight against the disease. Since 2020, a great number of vaccines based on different platforms have been in development in response to the pandemic, among which mRNA, adenoviral vector, and subunit vaccines have been clinically approved for use in humans. These first-generation COVID-19 vaccines largely target the viral spike (S) protein and aim for eliciting potent neutralizing antibodies. With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, especially the highly transmissible Omicron strains, the S-based vaccine strategies have been faced constant challenges due to strong immune escape by the variants. The coronavirus nucleocapsid (N) is one of the viral proteins that induces strong T-cell immunity and is more conserved across different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Inclusion of N in the development of COVID-19 vaccines has been reported. Here, we briefly reviewed and discussed COVID-19 disease, current S-based vaccine strategies, and focused on the immunobiology of N protein in SARS-CoV-2 host immunity, as well as the next-generation vaccine strategies involving N protein, to combat current and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA 77555
| | - Haitao Hu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA 77555
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA 77555
- Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA 77555
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mendoza-Ramírez NJ, García-Cordero J, Martínez-Frías SP, Roa-Velázquez D, Luria-Pérez R, Bustos-Arriaga J, Hernández-Lopez J, Cabello-Gutiérrez C, Zúñiga-Ramos JA, Morales-Ríos E, Pérez-Tapia SM, Espinosa-Cantellano M, Cedillo-Barrón L. Combination of Recombinant Proteins S1/N and RBD/N as Potential Vaccine Candidates. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11040864. [PMID: 37112776 PMCID: PMC10142685 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite all successful efforts to develop a COVID-19 vaccine, the need to evaluate alternative antigens to produce next-generation vaccines is imperative to target emerging variants. Thus, the second generation of COVID-19 vaccines employ more than one antigen from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to induce an effective and lasting immune response. Here, we analyzed the combination of two SARS-CoV-2 viral antigens that could elicit a more durable immune response in both T- and B-cells. The nucleocapsid (N) protein, Spike protein S1 domain, and receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike surface glycoproteins were expressed and purified in a mammalian expression system, taking into consideration the posttranscriptional modifications and structural characteristics. The immunogenicity of these combined proteins was evaluated in a murine model. Immunization combining S1 or RBD with the N protein induced higher levels of IgG antibodies, increased the percentage of neutralization, and elevated the production of cytokines TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2 compared to the administration of a single antigen. Furthermore, sera from immunized mice recognized alpha and beta variants of SARS-CoV-2, which supports ongoing clinical results on partial protection in vaccinated populations, despite mutations. This study identifies potential antigens for second-generation COVID-19 vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julio García-Cordero
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. IPN # 2508 Col, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | | | - Daniela Roa-Velázquez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Cinvestav, Av. IPN # 2508 Col, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Rosendo Luria-Pérez
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - José Bustos-Arriaga
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. De los Barrios # 1, Col. Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - Jesús Hernández-Lopez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C (CIAD) Carretera a la Victoria km 0.6, Hermosillo Sonora 83304, Mexico
| | - Carlos Cabello-Gutiérrez
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Departamento de Investigación en Virología y Micología, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Belisario Domínguez, Tlalpan 14080, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Alejandro Zúñiga-Ramos
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas y Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Edgar Morales-Ríos
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Cinvestav, Av. IPN # 2508 Col, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Sonia Mayra Pérez-Tapia
- Unidad de Desarrollo e Investigación en Bioterapéuticos (UDIBI), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City 11340, Mexico
| | - Martha Espinosa-Cantellano
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. IPN # 2508 Col, San Pedro Zacatenco, México City 07360, Mexico
| | - Leticia Cedillo-Barrón
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. IPN # 2508 Col, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Su R, Gu J, Sun J, Zang J, Zhao Y, Zhang T, Chen Y, Chong G, Yin W, Zheng X, Liu B, Huang L, Ruan S, Dong H, Li Y, Li Y. CaCO 3 powder-mediated biomineralization of antigen nanosponges synergize with PD-1 blockade to potentiate anti-tumor immunity. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:120. [PMID: 37024939 PMCID: PMC10080855 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01870-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen self-assembly nanovaccines advance the minimalist design of therapeutic cancer vaccines, but the issue of inefficient cross-presentation has not yet been fully addressed. Herein, we report a unique approach by combining the concepts of "antigen multi-copy display" and "calcium carbonate (CaCO3) biomineralization" to increase cross-presentation. Based on this strategy, we successfully construct sub-100 nm biomineralized antigen nanosponges (BANSs) with high CaCO3 loading (38.13 wt%) and antigen density (61.87%). BANSs can be effectively uptaken by immature antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in the lymph node upon subcutaneous injection. Achieving efficient spatiotemporal coordination of antigen cross-presentation and immune effects, BANSs induce the production of CD4+ T helper cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, resulting in effective tumor growth inhibition. BANSs combined with anti-PD-1 antibodies synergistically enhance anti-tumor immunity and reverse the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. Overall, this CaCO3 powder-mediated biomineralization of antigen nanosponges offer a robust and safe strategy for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runping Su
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jingjing Gu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Juanjuan Sun
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yuge Zhao
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yingna Chen
- Institute of Acoustics, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Gaowei Chong
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Weimin Yin
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Bingbing Liu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Li Huang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Shuangrong Ruan
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Haiqing Dong
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yongyong Li
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wussow F, Kha M, Kim T, Ly M, Yll-Pico M, Kar S, Lewis MG, Chiuppesi F, Diamond DJ. Synthetic multiantigen MVA vaccine COH04S1 and variant-specific derivatives protect Syrian hamsters from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:41. [PMID: 36928589 PMCID: PMC10018591 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00640-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants continue to disrupt COVID-19 vaccine efficacy through multiple immune mechanisms including neutralizing antibody evasion. We developed COH04S1, a synthetic modified vaccinia Ankara vector that co-expresses Wuhan-Hu-1-based spike and nucleocapsid antigens. COH04S1 demonstrated efficacy against ancestral virus and Beta and Delta variants in animal models and was safe and immunogenic in a Phase 1 clinical trial. Here, we report efficacy of COH04S1 and analogous Omicron BA.1- and Beta-specific vaccines to protect Syrian hamsters from Omicron subvariants. Despite eliciting strain-specific antibody responses, all three vaccines protect hamsters from weight loss, lower respiratory tract infection, and lung pathology following challenge with Omicron BA.1 or BA.2.12.1. While the BA.1-specifc vaccine affords consistently improved efficacy compared to COH04S1 to protect against homologous challenge with BA.1, all three vaccines confer similar protection against heterologous challenge with BA.2.12.1. These results demonstrate efficacy of COH04S1 and variant-specific derivatives to confer cross-protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Wussow
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
| | - Mindy Kha
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Taehyun Kim
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Minh Ly
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Marcal Yll-Pico
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | | | | | - Flavia Chiuppesi
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Don J Diamond
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lumpy Skin Disease—An Emerging Cattle Disease in Europe and Asia. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11030578. [PMID: 36992162 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11030578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a member of the Capripoxvirus genus, mainly infecting cattle and buffalo, which until relatively recently was only endemic in parts of Africa and then spread to the Middle East and lately Europe and Asia. Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a notifiable disease with a serious impact on the beef industry as it causes mortality of up to 10% and has impacts on milk and meat production, as well as fertility. The close serological relationship between LSDV, goat poxvirus (GTPV) and sheep poxvirus (SPPV) has led to live attenuated GTPV and SPPV vaccines being used to protect against LSD in some countries. There is evidence that the SPPV vaccine does not protect from LSD as well as the GTPV and LSDV vaccines. One of the LSD vaccines used in Eastern Europe was found to be a combination of different Capripoxviruses, and a series of recombination events in the manufacturing process resulted in cattle being vaccinated with a range of recombinant LSDVs resulting in virulent LSDV which spread throughout Asia. It is likely that LSD will become endemic throughout Asia as it will be very challenging to control the spread of the virus without widespread vaccination.
Collapse
|
22
|
Drillien R, Pradeau-Aubreton K, Batisse J, Mezher J, Schenckbecher E, Marguin J, Ennifar E, Ruff M. Efficient production of protein complexes in mammalian cells using a poxvirus vector. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279038. [PMID: 36520869 PMCID: PMC9754296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of full length, biologically active proteins in mammalian cells is critical for a wide variety of purposes ranging from structural studies to preparation of subunit vaccines. Prior research has shown that Modified vaccinia virus Ankara encoding the bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase (MVA-T7) is particularly suitable for high level expression of proteins upon infection of mammalian cells. The expression system is safe for users and 10-50 mg of full length, biologically active proteins may be obtained in their native state, from a few litres of infected cell cultures. Here we report further improvements which allow an increase in the ease and speed of recombinant virus isolation, the scale-up of protein production and the simultaneous synthesis of several polypeptides belonging to a protein complex using a single virus vector. Isolation of MVA-T7 viruses encoding foreign proteins was simplified by combining positive selection for virus recombinants and negative selection against parental virus, a process which eliminated the need for tedious plaque purification. Scale-up of protein production was achieved by infecting a BHK 21 suspension cell line and inducing protein expression with previously infected cells instead of virus, thus saving time and effort in handling virus stocks. Protein complexes were produced from infected cells by concatenating the Tobacco Etch Virus (TEV) N1A protease sequence with each of the genes of the complex into a single ORF, each gene being separated from the other by twin TEV protease cleavage sites. We report the application of these methods to the production of a complex formed on the one hand between the HIV-1 integrase and its cell partner LEDGF and on the other between the HIV-1 VIF protein and its cell partners APOBEC3G, CBFβ, Elo B and Elo C. The strategies developed in this study should be valuable for the overexpression and subsequent purification of numerous protein complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Drillien
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, IGBMC, University of Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7104, INSERM U964, Illkirch, France
- * E-mail: (RD); (MR)
| | - Karine Pradeau-Aubreton
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, IGBMC, University of Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7104, INSERM U964, Illkirch, France
| | - Julien Batisse
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, IGBMC, University of Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7104, INSERM U964, Illkirch, France
| | - Joëlle Mezher
- Structure et Dynamique des Machines Biomoléculaires, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UPR 9002 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Emma Schenckbecher
- Structure et Dynamique des Machines Biomoléculaires, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UPR 9002 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Justine Marguin
- Structure et Dynamique des Machines Biomoléculaires, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UPR 9002 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eric Ennifar
- Structure et Dynamique des Machines Biomoléculaires, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UPR 9002 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marc Ruff
- Department of Integrative Structural Biology, IGBMC, University of Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7104, INSERM U964, Illkirch, France
- * E-mail: (RD); (MR)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Advances in Next-Generation Coronavirus Vaccines in Response to Future Virus Evolution. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122035. [PMID: 36560445 PMCID: PMC9785936 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread to more than 230 countries and territories worldwide since its outbreak in late 2019. In less than three years, infection by SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in over 600 million cases of COVID-19 and over 6.4 million deaths. Vaccines have been developed with unimaginable speed, and 11 have already been approved by the World Health Organization and given Emergency Use Listing. The administration of several first-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has successfully decelerated the spread of COVID-19 but not stopped it completely. In the ongoing fight against viruses, genetic mutations frequently occur in the viral genome, resulting in a decrease in vaccine-induced antibody neutralization and widespread breakthrough infection. Facing the evolution and uncertainty of SARS-CoV-2 in the future, and the possibility of the spillover of other coronaviruses to humans, the need for vaccines with a broad spectrum of antiviral variants against multiple coronaviruses is recognized. It is imperative to develop a universal coronavirus or pan-coronavirus vaccine or drug to combat the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic as well as to prevent the next coronavirus pandemic. In this review, in addition to summarizing the protective effect of approved vaccines, we systematically summarize current work on the development of vaccines aimed at suppressing multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern as well as multiple coronaviruses.
Collapse
|
24
|
Ishigaki H, Yasui F, Nakayama M, Endo A, Yamamoto N, Yamaji K, Nguyen CT, Kitagawa Y, Sanada T, Honda T, Munakata T, Higa M, Toyama S, Kono R, Takagi A, Matsumoto Y, Koseki A, Hayashi K, Shiohara M, Ishii K, Saeki Y, Itoh Y, Kohara M. An attenuated vaccinia vaccine encoding the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 spike protein elicits broad and durable immune responses, and protects cynomolgus macaques and human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 transgenic mice from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 and its variants. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:967019. [PMID: 36466631 PMCID: PMC9716133 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.967019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
As long as the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues, new variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) with altered antigenicity will emerge. The development of vaccines that elicit robust, broad, and durable protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants is urgently required. We have developed a vaccine consisting of the attenuated vaccinia virus Dairen-I (DIs) strain platform carrying the SARS-CoV-2 S gene (rDIs-S). rDIs-S induced neutralizing antibody and T-lymphocyte responses in cynomolgus macaques and human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) transgenic mice, and the mouse model showed broad protection against SARS-CoV-2 isolates ranging from the early-pandemic strain (WK-521) to the recent Omicron BA.1 variant (TY38-873). Using a tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomic analysis of lung homogenates from hACE2 transgenic mice, we found that, among mice subjected to challenge infection with WK-521, vaccination with rDIs-S prevented protein expression related to the severe pathogenic effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection (tissue destruction, inflammation, coagulation, fibrosis, and angiogenesis) and restored protein expression related to immune responses (antigen presentation and cellular response to stress). Furthermore, long-term studies in mice showed that vaccination with rDIs-S maintains S protein-specific antibody titers for at least 6 months after a first vaccination. Thus, rDIs-S appears to provide broad and durable protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2, including current variants such as Omicron BA.1 and possibly future variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Ishigaki
- Division of Pathogenesis and Disease Regulation, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Yasui
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misako Nakayama
- Division of Pathogenesis and Disease Regulation, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Akinori Endo
- Protein Metabolism Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenzaburo Yamaji
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Cong Thanh Nguyen
- Division of Pathogenesis and Disease Regulation, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kitagawa
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sanada
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Honda
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Munakata
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Higa
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sakiko Toyama
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Risa Kono
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asako Takagi
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Matsumoto
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Koseki
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Hayashi
- Division of Pathogenesis and Disease Regulation, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Masanori Shiohara
- Division of Pathogenesis and Disease Regulation, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Koji Ishii
- Department of Quality Assurance and Radiological Protection, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Saeki
- Protein Metabolism Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Itoh
- Division of Pathogenesis and Disease Regulation, Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Michinori Kohara
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Baek SH, Oh H, Koo BS, Kim G, Hwang EH, Jung H, An YJ, Park JH, Hong JJ. Cynomolgus Macaque Model for COVID-19 Delta Variant. Immune Netw 2022; 22:e48. [PMID: 36627939 PMCID: PMC9807958 DOI: 10.4110/in.2022.22.e48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
With the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants, which are randomly mutated, the dominant strains in regions are changing globally. The development of preclinical animal models is imperative to validate vaccines and therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 variants. The objective of this study was to develop a non-human primate (NHP) model for SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant infection. Cynomolgus macaques infected with Delta variants showed infectious viruses and viral RNA in the upper (nasal and throat) and lower respiratory (lung) tracts during the acute phase of infection. After 3 days of infection, lesions consistent with diffuse alveolar damage were observed in the lungs. For cellular immune responses, all macaques displayed transient lymphopenia and neutrophilia in the early stages of infection. SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant spike protein-specific IgM, IgG, and IgA levels were significantly increased in the plasma of these animals 14 days after infection. This new NHP Delta variant infection model can be used for comparative analysis of the difference in severity between SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and may be useful in the efficacy evaluation of vaccines and universal therapeutic drugs for mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Ho Baek
- National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hanseul Oh
- National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Bon-Sang Koo
- National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Green Kim
- National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Eun-Ha Hwang
- National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Hoyin Jung
- National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - You Jung An
- National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Jae-Hak Park
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jung Joo Hong
- National Primate Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Korea.,Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
He Y, Yu W, Shen L, Yan W, Xiao L, Qi J, Hu T. A SARS-CoV-2 vaccine based on conjugation of SARS-CoV-2 RBD with IC28 peptide and mannan. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:661-670. [PMID: 36152702 PMCID: PMC9490959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is a particularly transmissible virus that causes a severe respiratory disease known as COVID-19. Safe and effective vaccines are urgently needed to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein elicits most neutralizing antibodies during viral infection and is an ideal antigen for vaccine development. In particular, RBD expressed by E. coli is amenable to low cost and high-yield manufacturability. The adjuvant is necessitated to improve the immunogenicity of RBD. IC28, a TLR5-dependent adjuvant, is a peptide from bacterial flagellin. Mannan is a ligand of TLR-4 or TLR-2 and a polysaccharide adjuvant. Here, IC28 and mannan were both covalently conjugated with RBD from E. coli. The conjugate (RBD-IC28-M) elicited high RBD-specific IgG titers, and a neutralization antibody titer of 201.4. It induced high levels of Th1-type cytokines (IFN-γ) and Th2-type cytokines (IL-5 and IL-10), along with high antigenicity and no apparent toxicity to the organs. The mouse sera of the RBD-IC28-M group competitively interfered with the interaction of RBD and ACE2. Thus, conjugation with IC28 and mannan additively enhanced the humoral and cellular immunity. Our study was expected to provide the feasibility to develop an affordable, easily scalable, effective vaccine SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia He
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Weili Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lijuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wenying Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lucheng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jinming Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Tao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Reus JB, Rex EA, Gammon DB. How to Inhibit Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Signaling: Lessons from Poxviruses. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11091061. [PMID: 36145493 PMCID: PMC9502310 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11091061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Nuclear Factor-kappa B (NF-κB) family of transcription factors regulates key host inflammatory and antiviral gene expression programs, and thus, is often activated during viral infection through the action of pattern-recognition receptors and cytokine–receptor interactions. In turn, many viral pathogens encode strategies to manipulate and/or inhibit NF-κB signaling. This is particularly exemplified by vaccinia virus (VV), the prototypic poxvirus, which encodes at least 18 different inhibitors of NF-κB signaling. While many of these poxviral NF-κB inhibitors are not required for VV replication in cell culture, they virtually all modulate VV virulence in animal models, underscoring the important influence of poxvirus–NF-κB pathway interactions on viral pathogenesis. Here, we review the diversity of mechanisms through which VV-encoded antagonists inhibit initial NF-κB pathway activation and NF-κB signaling intermediates, as well as the activation and function of NF-κB transcription factor complexes.
Collapse
|
28
|
Design Strategies and Precautions for Using Vaccinia Virus in Tumor Virotherapy. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091552. [PMID: 36146629 PMCID: PMC9504998 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy has emerged as a novel form of cancer immunotherapy. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) can directly infect and lyse the tumor cells, and modulate the beneficial immune microenvironment. Vaccinia virus (VACV) is a promising oncolytic vector because of its high safety, easy gene editing, and tumor intrinsic selectivity. To further improve the safety, tumor-targeting ability, and OV-induced cancer-specific immune activation, various approaches have been used to modify OVs. The recombinant oncolytic VACVs with deleting viral virulence factors and/or arming various therapeutic genes have displayed better therapeutic effects in multiple tumor models. Moreover, the combination of OVs with other cancer immunotherapeutic approaches, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cells, has the potential to improve the outcome in cancer patients. This will open up new possibilities for the application of OVs in cancer treatment, especially for personalized cancer therapies.
Collapse
|
29
|
Hajnik RL, Plante JA, Liang Y, Alameh MG, Tang J, Bonam SR, Zhong C, Adam A, Scharton D, Rafael GH, Liu Y, Hazell NC, Sun J, Soong L, Shi PY, Wang T, Walker DH, Sun J, Weissman D, Weaver SC, Plante KS, Hu H. Dual spike and nucleocapsid mRNA vaccination confer protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta variants in preclinical models. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabq1945. [PMID: 36103514 PMCID: PMC9926941 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abq1945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs), including the highly transmissible Omicron and Delta strains, has posed constant challenges to the current COVID-19 vaccines that principally target the viral spike protein (S). Here, we report a nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine that expresses the more conserved viral nucleoprotein (mRNA-N) and show that mRNA-N vaccination alone can induce modest control of SARS-CoV-2. Critically, combining mRNA-N with the clinically proven S-expressing mRNA vaccine (mRNA-S+N) induced robust protection against both Delta and Omicron variants. In the hamster models of SARS-CoV-2 VOC challenge, we demonstrated that, compared to mRNA-S alone, combination mRNA-S+N vaccination not only induced more robust control of the Delta and Omicron variants in the lungs but also provided enhanced protection in the upper respiratory tract. In vivo CD8+ T cell depletion suggested a potential role for CD8+ T cells in protection conferred by mRNA-S+N vaccination. Antigen-specific immune analyses indicated that N-specific immunity, as well as augmented S-specific immunity, was associated with enhanced protection elicited by the combination mRNA vaccination. Our findings suggest that combined mRNA-S+N vaccination is an effective approach for promoting broad protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renee L. Hajnik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Jessica A. Plante
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Yuejin Liang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jinyi Tang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Chaojie Zhong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Awadalkareem Adam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Dionna Scharton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Grace H. Rafael
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Nicholas C. Hazell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Jiaren Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Lynn Soong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Pei-Yong Shi
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Tian Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - David H. Walker
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Jie Sun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Scott C. Weaver
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Kenneth S. Plante
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Haitao Hu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Orlova OV, Glazkova DV, Bogoslovskaya EV, Shipulin GA, Yudin SM. Development of Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara-Based Vaccines: Advantages and Applications. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091516. [PMID: 36146594 PMCID: PMC9503770 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is a promising viral vector for vaccine development. MVA is well studied and has been widely used for vaccination against smallpox in Germany. This review describes the history of the origin of the virus and its properties as a vaccine, including a high safety profile. In recent years, MVA has found its place as a vector for the creation of vaccines against various diseases. To date, a large number of vaccine candidates based on the MVA vector have already been developed, many of which have been tested in preclinical and clinical studies. We discuss data on the immunogenicity and efficacy of some of these vaccines.
Collapse
|
31
|
Pérez P, Astorgano D, Albericio G, Flores S, Sánchez-Cordón PJ, Luczkowiak J, Delgado R, Casasnovas JM, Esteban M, García-Arriaza J. Intranasal administration of a single dose of MVA-based vaccine candidates against COVID-19 induced local and systemic immune responses and protects mice from a lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:995235. [PMID: 36172368 PMCID: PMC9510595 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.995235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccines are administered by the intramuscular route, but this vaccine administration failed to prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus infection in the upper respiratory tract, mainly due to the absence of virus-specific mucosal immune responses. It is hypothesized that intranasal (IN) vaccination could induce both mucosal and systemic immune responses that blocked SARS-CoV-2 transmission and COVID-19 progression. Here, we evaluated in mice IN administration of three modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA)-based vaccine candidates expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein, either the full-length native S or a prefusion-stabilized [S(3P)] protein; SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses and efficacy were determined after a single IN vaccine application. Results showed that in C57BL/6 mice, MVA-based vaccine candidates elicited S-specific IgG and IgA antibodies in serum and bronchoalveolar lavages, respectively, and neutralizing antibodies against parental and SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoC), with MVA-S(3P) being the most immunogenic vaccine candidate. IN vaccine administration also induced polyfunctional S-specific Th1-skewed CD4+ and cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell immune responses locally (in lungs and bronchoalveolar lymph nodes) or systemically (in spleen). Remarkably, a single IN vaccine dose protected susceptible K18-hACE2 transgenic mice from morbidity and mortality caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, with MVA-S(3P) being the most effective candidate. Infectious SARS-CoV-2 viruses were undetectable in lungs and nasal washes, correlating with high titers of S-specific IgGs and neutralizing antibodies against parental SARS-CoV-2 and several VoC. Moreover, low histopathological lung lesions and low levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lungs and nasal washes were detected in vaccinated animals. These results demonstrated that a single IN inoculation of our MVA-based vaccine candidates induced potent immune responses, either locally or systemically, and protected animal models from COVID-19. These results also identified an effective vaccine administration route to induce mucosal immunity that should prevent SARS-CoV-2 host-to-host transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Pérez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Astorgano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Albericio
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Flores
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro J. Sánchez-Cordón
- Pathology Department, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joanna Luczkowiak
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Delgado
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Casasnovas
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariano Esteban
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Mariano Esteban, ; Juan García-Arriaza,
| | - Juan García-Arriaza
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Mariano Esteban, ; Juan García-Arriaza,
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sakamoto A, Osawa H, Hashimoto H, Mizuno T, Hasyim AA, Abe YI, Okahashi Y, Ogawa R, Iyori M, Shida H, Yoshida S. A replication-competent smallpox vaccine LC16m8Δ-based COVID-19 vaccine. Emerg Microbes Infect 2022; 11:2359-2370. [PMID: 36069348 PMCID: PMC9527789 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2122580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Viral vectors are a potent vaccine platform for inducing humoral and T-cell immune responses. Among the various viral vectors, replication-competent ones are less commonly used for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine development compared with replication-deficient ones. Here, we show the availability of a smallpox vaccine LC16m8Δ (m8Δ) as a replication-competent viral vector for a COVID-19 vaccine. M8Δ is a genetically stable variant of the licensed and highly effective Japanese smallpox vaccine LC16m8. Here, we generated two m8Δ recombinants: one harbouring a gene cassette encoding the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) glycoprotein, named m8Δ-SARS2(P7.5-S)-HA; and one encoding the S protein with a highly polybasic motif at the S1/S2 cleavage site, named m8Δ-SARS2(P7.5-SHN)-HA. M8Δ-SARS2(P7.5-S)-HA induced S-specific antibodies in mice that persisted for at least six weeks after a homologous boost immunization. All eight analysed serum samples displayed neutralizing activity against an S-pseudotyped virus at a level similar to that of serum samples from patients with COVID-19, and more than half (5/8) also had neutralizing activity against the Delta/B.1.617.2 variant of concern. Importantly, most serum samples also neutralized the infectious SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan and Delta/B.1.617.2 strains. In contrast, immunization with m8Δ-SARS2(P7.5-SHN)-HA elicited significantly lower antibody titres, and the induced antibodies had less neutralizing activity. Regarding T-cell immunity, both m8Δ recombinants elicited S-specific multifunctional CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell responses even after just a primary immunization. Thus, m8Δ provides an alternative method for developing a novel COVID-19 vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Sakamoto
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Applied Immunology, Kanazawa University School of Pharmacy, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Osawa
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Applied Immunology, Kanazawa University School of Pharmacy, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hinata Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Applied Immunology, Kanazawa University School of Pharmacy, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Mizuno
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Applied Immunology, Kanazawa University School of Pharmacy, Ishikawa, Japan.,Department of Global Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ammar A Hasyim
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Applied Immunology, Kanazawa University School of Pharmacy, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yu-Ichi Abe
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Applied Immunology, Kanazawa University School of Pharmacy, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yuto Okahashi
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Applied Immunology, Kanazawa University School of Pharmacy, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ryohei Ogawa
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Iyori
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Applied Immunology, Kanazawa University School of Pharmacy, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hisatoshi Shida
- Division of Molecular Virology, Institute of Immunological Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shigeto Yoshida
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Applied Immunology, Kanazawa University School of Pharmacy, Ishikawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chiuppesi F, Zaia JA, Faircloth K, Johnson D, Ly M, Karpinski V, La Rosa C, Drake J, Marcia J, Acosta AM, Dempsey S, Taplitz RA, Zhou Q, Park Y, Ortega Francisco S, Kaltcheva T, Frankel PH, Rosen S, Wussow F, Dadwal S, Diamond DJ. Vaccine-induced spike- and nucleocapsid-specific cellular responses maintain potent cross-reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants. iScience 2022; 25:104745. [PMID: 35846380 PMCID: PMC9272674 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-mediated immunity may contribute to providing protection against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants of concern (VOC). We developed COH04S1, a synthetic multiantigen modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA)-based COVID-19 vaccine that stimulated potent spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) antigen-specific humoral and cellular immunity in a phase 1 clinical trial in healthy adults. Here, we show that individuals vaccinated with COH04S1 or mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 maintain robust cross-reactive cellular immunity for six or more months post-vaccination. Although neutralizing antibodies induced in COH04S1- and BNT162b2-vaccinees showed reduced activity against Delta and Omicron variants compared to ancestral SARS-CoV-2, S-specific T cells elicited in both COH04S1- and BNT162b2-vaccinees and N-specific T cells elicited in COH04S1-vaccinees demonstrated potent and equivalent cross-reactivity against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 and the major VOC. These results suggest that vaccine-induced T cells to S and N antigens may constitute a critical second line of defense to provide long-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 VOC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Chiuppesi
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - John A. Zaia
- Center for Gene Therapy, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Katelyn Faircloth
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Daisy Johnson
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Minh Ly
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Veronica Karpinski
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Corinna La Rosa
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jennifer Drake
- Clinical Trials Office, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Joan Marcia
- Clinical Trials Office, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Ann Marie Acosta
- Clinical Trials Office, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Shannon Dempsey
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Randy A. Taplitz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Department of Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Yoonsuh Park
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Sandra Ortega Francisco
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Teodora Kaltcheva
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Paul H. Frankel
- Department of Biostatistics, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Steven Rosen
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Felix Wussow
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Sanjeet Dadwal
- Division of Infectious Diseases, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Department of Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Don J. Diamond
- Department of Hematology and HCT and Hematologic Malignancies Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Mei S, Fan Z, Liu X, Zhao F, Huang Y, Wei L, Hu Y, Xie Y, Wang L, Ai B, Liang C, Xu F, Guo F. Immunogenicity of a vaccinia virus-based severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccine candidate. Front Immunol 2022; 13:911164. [PMID: 35935962 PMCID: PMC9353262 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.911164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines provide essential tools for the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. A number of technologies have been employed to develop SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, including the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 particles, mRNA to express viral spike protein, recombinant spike proteins, and viral vectors. Here, we report the use of the vaccinia virus Tiantan strain as a vector to express the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. When it was used to inoculate mice, robust SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-specific antibody response and T-cell response were detected. Sera from the vaccinated mice showed strong neutralizing activity against the ancestral Wuhan SARS-CoV-2, the variants of concern (VOCs) B.1.351, B.1.617.2, and the emerging B.1.1.529 (omicron). This finding supports the possibility of developing a new type of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine using the vaccinia virus vector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Mei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, and Center for AIDS Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangling Fan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, and Center for AIDS Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoman Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, and Center for AIDS Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, and Center for AIDS Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, and Center for AIDS Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, and Center for AIDS Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yamei Hu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, and Center for AIDS Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, and Center for AIDS Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Ai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Fengwen Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, and Center for AIDS Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Fengwen Xu, ; Fei Guo,
| | - Fei Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, and Center for AIDS Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Fengwen Xu, ; Fei Guo,
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tien CF, Tsai WT, Chen CH, Chou HJ, Zhang MM, Lin JJ, Lin EJ, Dai SS, Ping YH, Yu CY, Kuo YP, Tsai WH, Chen HW, Yu GY. Glycosylation and S-palmitoylation regulate SARS-CoV-2 spike protein intracellular trafficking. iScience 2022; 25:104709. [PMID: 35813875 PMCID: PMC9250814 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as glycosylation and palmitoylation, are critical to protein folding, stability, intracellular trafficking, and function. Understanding regulation of PTMs of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein could help the therapeutic drug design. Herein, the VSV vector was used to produce SARS-CoV-2 S pseudoviruses to examine the roles of the 611LYQD614 and cysteine-rich motifs in S protein maturation and virus infectivity. Our results show that 611LY612 mutation alters S protein intracellular trafficking and reduces cell surface expression level. It also changes S protein glycosylation pattern and decreases pseudovirus infectivity. The S protein contains four cysteine-rich clusters with clusters I and II as the main palmitoylation sites. Mutations of clusters I and II disrupt S protein trafficking from ER-to-Golgi, suppress pseudovirus production, and reduce spike-mediated membrane fusion activity. Taken together, glycosylation and palmitoylation orchestrate the S protein maturation processing and are critical for S protein-mediated membrane fusion and infection. 611LY612 mutation alters the glycosylation pattern of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein 611LY612 mutation reduces S protein surface expression level Palmitoylation targets mature S protein to the Golgi and plasma membrane Palmitoylation is required for pseudovirus and SARS-CoV-2 production
Collapse
|
36
|
Wussow F, Kha M, Faircloth K, Nguyen VH, Iniguez A, Martinez J, Park Y, Nguyen J, Kar S, Andersen H, Lewis MG, Chiuppesi F, Diamond DJ. COH04S1 and beta sequence-modified vaccine protect hamsters from SARS-CoV-2 variants. iScience 2022; 25:104457. [PMID: 35634578 PMCID: PMC9126022 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccine efficacy is threatened by emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) with the capacity to evade protective neutralizing antibody responses. We recently developed clinical vaccine candidate COH04S1, a synthetic modified vaccinia Ankara vector (sMVA) co-expressing spike and nucleocapsid antigens based on the Wuhan-Hu-1 reference strain that showed potent efficacy to protect against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian hamsters and non-human primates and was safe and immunogenic in healthy volunteers. Here, we demonstrate that intramuscular immunization of Syrian hamsters with COH04S1 and an analogous Beta variant-adapted vaccine candidate (COH04S351) elicits potent cross-reactive antibody responses and protects against weight loss, lower respiratory tract infection, and lung pathology following challenge with major SARS-CoV-2 VOC, including Beta and the highly contagious Delta variant. These results demonstrate efficacy of COH04S1 and a variant-adapted vaccine analog to confer cross-protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging VOC, supporting clinical investigation of these sMVA-based COVID-19 vaccine candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Wussow
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Mindy Kha
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Katelyn Faircloth
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Vu H. Nguyen
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Angelina Iniguez
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Joy Martinez
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Yoonsuh Park
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Jenny Nguyen
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | | | | | | | - Flavia Chiuppesi
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Don J. Diamond
- Department of Hematology and Transplant Center, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
bin Umair M, Akusa FN, Kashif H, Seerat-e-Fatima, Butt F, Azhar M, Munir I, Ahmed M, Khalil W, Sharyar H, Rafique S, Shahid M, Afzal S. Viruses as tools in gene therapy, vaccine development, and cancer treatment. Arch Virol 2022; 167:1387-1404. [PMID: 35462594 PMCID: PMC9035288 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05432-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Using viruses to our advantage has been a huge leap for humanity. Their ability to mediate horizontal gene transfer has made them useful tools for gene therapy, vaccine development, and cancer treatment. Adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, retroviruses, lentiviruses, alphaviruses, and herpesviruses are a few of the most common candidates for use as therapeutic agents or efficient gene delivery systems. Efforts are being made to improve and perfect viral-vector-based therapies to overcome potential or reported drawbacks. Some preclinical trials of viral vector vaccines have yielded positive results, indicating their potential as prophylactic or therapeutic vaccine candidates. Utilization of the oncolytic activity of viruses is the future of cancer therapy, as patients will then be free from the harmful effects of chemo- or radiotherapy. This review discusses in vitro and in vivo studies showing the brilliant therapeutic potential of viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Musab bin Umair
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fujimura Nao Akusa
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hadia Kashif
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Seerat-e-Fatima
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Butt
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Marium Azhar
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Munir
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahmed
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Wajeeha Khalil
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Sharyar
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Rafique
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Samia Afzal
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Single Immunization with Recombinant ACAM2000 Vaccinia Viruses Expressing the Spike and the Nucleocapsid Proteins Protects Hamsters against SARS-CoV-2-Caused Clinical Disease. J Virol 2022; 96:e0038922. [PMID: 35412347 PMCID: PMC9093096 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00389-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing cases of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections from immunization with current spike protein-based COVID-19 vaccines highlight the need to develop alternative vaccines using different platforms and/or antigens. In this study, we expressed SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins based on a novel vaccinia virus (VACV) ACAM2000 platform (rACAM2000). In this platform, the vaccinia virus host range and immunoregulatory gene E3L was deleted to make the virus attenuated and to enhance innate immune responses, and another host range gene, K3L, was replaced with a poxvirus ortholog gene, taterapox virus 037 (TATV037), to make virus replication competent in both hamster and human cells. Following a single intramuscular immunization, the rACAM2000 coexpressing the spike and nucleocapsid proteins induced significantly improved protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in comparison to rACAM2000 expressing the individual proteins in a hamster model, as shown by reduced weight loss and shorter recovery time. The protection was associated with reduced viral loads, increased neutralizing antibody titer, and reduced neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Thus, our study demonstrates that rACAM2000 expressing a combination of the spike and nucleocapsid antigens is a promising COVID-19 vaccine candidate, and further studies will investigate if the rACAM2000 vaccine candidate can induce a long-lasting immunity against infection by SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. IMPORTANCE Continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants which cause breakthrough infection from the immunity induced by current spike protein-based COVID-19 vaccines highlights the need for new generations of vaccines that will induce long-lasting immunity against a wide range of the variants. To this end, we investigated the protective efficacy of the recombinant COVID-19 vaccine candidates based on a novel VACV ACAM2000 platform, in which an immunoregulatory gene, E3L, was deleted and both the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) antigens were expressed. Thus, it is expected that the vaccine candidate we constructed should be more immunogenic and safer. In the initial study described in this work, we demonstrated that the vaccine candidate expressing both the S and N proteins is superior to the constructs expressing an individual protein (S or N) in protecting hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 challenge after a single-dose immunization, and further investigation against different SARS-CoV-2 variants will warrant future clinical evaluations.
Collapse
|
39
|
Boulton S, Poutou J, Martin NT, Azad T, Singaravelu R, Crupi MJF, Jamieson T, He X, Marius R, Petryk J, Tanese de Souza C, Austin B, Taha Z, Whelan J, Khan ST, Pelin A, Rezaei R, Surendran A, Tucker S, Fekete EEF, Dave J, Diallo JS, Auer R, Angel JB, Cameron DW, Cailhier JF, Lapointe R, Potts K, Mahoney DJ, Bell JC, Ilkow CS. Single-dose replicating poxvirus vector-based RBD vaccine drives robust humoral and T cell immune response against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Mol Ther 2022; 30:1885-1896. [PMID: 34687845 PMCID: PMC8527104 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic requires the continued development of safe, long-lasting, and efficacious vaccines for preventive responses to major outbreaks around the world, and especially in isolated and developing countries. To combat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), we characterize a temperature-stable vaccine candidate (TOH-Vac1) that uses a replication-competent, attenuated vaccinia virus as a vector to express a membrane-tethered spike receptor binding domain (RBD) antigen. We evaluate the effects of dose escalation and administration routes on vaccine safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity in animal models. Our vaccine induces high levels of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and favorable T cell responses, while maintaining an optimal safety profile in mice and cynomolgus macaques. We demonstrate robust immune responses and protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 variants after only a single dose. Together, these findings support further development of our novel and versatile vaccine platform as an alternative or complementary approach to current vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Boulton
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Joanna Poutou
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Nikolas T Martin
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Taha Azad
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Ragunath Singaravelu
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Mathieu J F Crupi
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Taylor Jamieson
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Xiaohong He
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Ricardo Marius
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Julia Petryk
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Christiano Tanese de Souza
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Bradley Austin
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Zaid Taha
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jack Whelan
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Sarwat T Khan
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Adrian Pelin
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Reza Rezaei
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Abera Surendran
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Sarah Tucker
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Emily E F Fekete
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jaahnavi Dave
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jean-Simon Diallo
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Rebecca Auer
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Jonathan B Angel
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - D William Cameron
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa at The Ottawa Hospital/ Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | | | - Réjean Lapointe
- Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Kyle Potts
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB T2N 6A8, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2T 1N4, Canada
| | - Douglas J Mahoney
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB T2N 6A8, Canada; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2T 1N4, Canada
| | - John C Bell
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
| | - Carolina S Ilkow
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Safety and immunogenicity of a synthetic multiantigen modified vaccinia virus Ankara-based COVID-19 vaccine (COH04S1): an open-label and randomised, phase 1 trial. THE LANCET. MICROBE 2022; 3:e252-e264. [PMID: 35287430 PMCID: PMC8906816 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(22)00027-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background COH04S1, a synthetic attenuated modified vaccinia virus Ankara vector co-expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid antigens, was tested for safety and immunogenicity in healthy adults. Methods This combined open-label and randomised, phase 1 trial was done at the City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center (Duarte, CA, USA). We included participants aged 18-54 years with a negative SARS-CoV-2 antibody and PCR test, normal haematology and chemistry panels, a normal electrocardiogram and troponin concentration, negative pregnancy test if female, body-mass index of 30 kg/m2 or less, and no modified vaccinia virus Ankara or poxvirus vaccine in the past 12 months. In the open-label cohort, 1·0 × 107 plaque-forming units (PFU; low dose), 1·0 × 108 PFU (medium dose), and 2·5 × 108 PFU (high dose) of COH04S1 were administered by intramuscular injection on day 0 and 28 to sentinel participants using a queue-based statistical design to limit risk. In a randomised dose expansion cohort, additional participants were randomly assigned (3:3:1), using block size of seven, to receive two placebo vaccines (placebo group), one low-dose COH04S1 and one placebo vaccine (low-dose COH04S1 plus placebo group), or two low-dose COH04S1 vaccines (low-dose COH04S1 group). The primary outcome was safety and tolerability, with secondary objectives assessing vaccine-specific immunogenicity. The primary immunological outcome was a four times increase (seroconversion) from baseline in spike-specific or nucleocapsid-specific IgG titres within 28 days of the last injection, and seroconversion rates were compared with participants who received placebo using Fisher's exact test. Additional secondary outcomes included assessment of viral neutralisation and cellular responses. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT046339466. Findings Between Dec 13, 2020, and May 24, 2021, 56 participants initiated vaccination. On day 0 and 28, 17 participants received low-dose COH04S1, eight received medium-dose COH04S1, nine received high-dose COH04S1, five received placebo, 13 received low-dose COH04S1 followed by placebo, and four discontinued early. Grade 3 fever was observed in one participant who received low-dose COH04S1 and placebo, and grade 2 anxiety or fatigue was seen in one participant who received medium-dose COH04S1. No severe adverse events were reported. Seroconversion was observed in all 34 participants for spike protein and 32 (94%) for nucleocapsid protein (p<0·0001 vs placebo for each comparison). Four times or more increase in SARS-CoV-2 neutralising antibodies within 56 days was measured in nine of 17 participants in the low-dose COH04S1 group, all eight participants in the medium-dose COH04S1 group, and eight of nine participants in the high-dose COH04S1 group (p=0·0035 combined dose levels vs placebo). Post-prime and post-boost four times increase in spike-specific or nucleocapsid-specific T cells secreting interferon-γ was measured in 48 (98%; 95% CI 89-100) of 49 participants who received at least one dose of COH04S1 and provided a sample for immunological analysis. Interpretation COH04S1 was well tolerated and induced spike-specific and nucleocapsid-specific antibody and T-cell responses. Future evaluation of this COVID-19 vaccine candidate as a primary or boost vaccination is warranted. Funding The Carol Moss Foundation and City of Hope Integrated Drug Development Venture programme.
Collapse
|
41
|
Mooij P, García-Arriaza J, Pérez P, Lázaro-Frías A, Verstrepen BE, Böszörményi KP, Mortier D, Fagrouch Z, Kiemenyi-Kayere G, Niphuis H, Acar RF, Meijer L, Stammes MA, Kondova I, Verschoor EJ, GeurtsvanKessel CH, de Bruin E, Sikkema RS, Luczkowiak J, Delgado R, Montenegro D, Puentes E, Rodríguez E, Bogers WMJM, Koopman G, Esteban M. Poxvirus MVA Expressing SARS-CoV-2 S Protein Induces Robust Immunity and Protects Rhesus Macaques From SARS-CoV-2. Front Immunol 2022; 13:845887. [PMID: 35371043 PMCID: PMC8966779 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.845887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel safe, immunogenic, and effective vaccines are needed to control the COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2. Here, we describe the safety, robust immunogenicity, and potent efficacy elicited in rhesus macaques by a modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector expressing a full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein (MVA-S). MVA-S vaccination was well tolerated and induced S and receptor-binding domain (RBD)-binding IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and several variants of concern. S-specific IFNγ, but not IL-4, -producing cells were also elicited. After SARS-CoV-2 challenge, vaccinated animals showed a significant strong reduction of virus loads in bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) and decreased levels in throat and nasal mucosa. Remarkably, MVA-S also protected macaques from fever and infection-induced cytokine storm. Computed tomography and histological examination of the lungs showed reduced lung pathology in MVA-S-vaccinated animals. These findings favor the use of MVA-S as a potential vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Mooij
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Juan García-Arriaza
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Pérez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrian Lázaro-Frías
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Babs E. Verstrepen
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Kinga P. Böszörményi
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Daniella Mortier
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Zahra Fagrouch
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | | | - Henk Niphuis
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Roja Fidel Acar
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Lisette Meijer
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Marieke A. Stammes
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Ivanela Kondova
- Animal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Ernst J. Verschoor
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | | | - Erwin de Bruin
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center (MC), Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Reina S. Sikkema
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center (MC), Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joanna Luczkowiak
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Delgado
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Complutense School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Willy M. J. M. Bogers
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Koopman
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC), Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Mariano Esteban
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Huang J, Ding Y, Yao J, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Xie Z, Zuo J. Nasal Nanovaccines for SARS-CoV-2 to Address COVID-19. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10030405. [PMID: 35335037 PMCID: PMC8952855 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10030405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is still prevalent around the globe. Although some SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been distributed to the population, the shortcomings of vaccines and the continuous emergence of SARS-CoV-2 mutant virus strains are a cause for concern. Thus, it is vital to continue to improve vaccines and vaccine delivery methods. One option is nasal vaccination, which is more convenient than injections and does not require a syringe. Additionally, stronger mucosal immunity is produced under nasal vaccination. The easy accessibility of the intranasal route is more advantageous than injection in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Nanoparticles have been proven to be suitable delivery vehicles and adjuvants, and different NPs have different advantages. The shortcomings of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine may be compensated by selecting or modifying different nanoparticles. It travels along the digestive tract to the intestine, where it is presented by GALT, tissue-resident immune cells, and gastrointestinal lymph nodes. Nasal nanovaccines are easy to use, safe, multifunctional, and can be distributed quickly, demonstrating strong prospects as a vaccination method for SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-2 variants, or SARS-CoV-n.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Huang
- The Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (J.H.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
| | - Yubo Ding
- Nanhua Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421002, China; (Y.D.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jingwei Yao
- Nanhua Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421002, China; (Y.D.); (J.Y.)
| | - Minghui Zhang
- The Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (J.H.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (J.H.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
| | - Zhuoyi Xie
- The Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (J.H.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
| | - Jianhong Zuo
- The Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (J.H.); (M.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Z.X.)
- Nanhua Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421002, China; (Y.D.); (J.Y.)
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421900, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-7345-675219
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Pérez P, Lázaro-Frías A, Zamora C, Sánchez-Cordón PJ, Astorgano D, Luczkowiak J, Delgado R, Casasnovas JM, Esteban M, García-Arriaza J. A Single Dose of an MVA Vaccine Expressing a Prefusion-Stabilized SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Neutralizes Variants of Concern and Protects Mice From a Lethal SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Front Immunol 2022; 12:824728. [PMID: 35154086 PMCID: PMC8829548 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.824728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We generated an optimized COVID-19 vaccine candidate based on the modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vector expressing a full-length prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein, termed MVA-CoV2-S(3P). The S(3P) protein was expressed at higher levels (2-fold) than the non-stabilized S in cells infected with the corresponding recombinant MVA viruses. One single dose of MVA-CoV2-S(3P) induced higher IgG and neutralizing antibody titers against parental SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern than MVA-CoV2-S in wild-type C57BL/6 and in transgenic K18-hACE2 mice. In immunized C57BL/6 mice, two doses of MVA-CoV2-S or MVA-CoV2-S(3P) induced similar levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific B- and T-cell immune responses. Remarkably, a single administration of MVA-CoV2-S(3P) protected all K18-hACE2 mice from morbidity and mortality caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, reducing SARS-CoV-2 viral loads, histopathological lesions, and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the lungs. These results demonstrated that expression of a novel full-length prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 S protein by the MVA poxvirus vector enhanced immunogenicity and efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 in animal models, further supporting MVA-CoV2-S(3P) as an optimized vaccine candidate for clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Pérez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Lázaro-Frías
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Zamora
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro J Sánchez-Cordón
- Pathology Department, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Astorgano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joanna Luczkowiak
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Delgado
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Casasnovas
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariano Esteban
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan García-Arriaza
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Talbot-Cooper C, Pantelejevs T, Shannon JP, Cherry CR, Au MT, Hyvönen M, Hickman HD, Smith GL. Poxviruses and paramyxoviruses use a conserved mechanism of STAT1 antagonism to inhibit interferon signaling. Cell Host Microbe 2022; 30:357-372.e11. [PMID: 35182467 PMCID: PMC8912257 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The induction of interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes by STATs is a critical host defense mechanism against virus infection. Here, we report that a highly expressed poxvirus protein, 018, inhibits IFN-induced signaling by binding to the SH2 domain of STAT1, thereby preventing the association of STAT1 with an activated IFN receptor. Despite encoding other inhibitors of IFN-induced signaling, a poxvirus mutant lacking 018 was attenuated in mice. The 2.0 Å crystal structure of the 018:STAT1 complex reveals a phosphotyrosine-independent mode of 018 binding to the SH2 domain of STAT1. Moreover, the STAT1-binding motif of 018 shows similarity to the STAT1-binding proteins from Nipah virus, which, similar to 018, block the association of STAT1 with an IFN receptor. Overall, these results uncover a conserved mechanism of STAT1 antagonism that is employed independently by distinct virus families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Callum Talbot-Cooper
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Teodors Pantelejevs
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK; Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia
| | - John P Shannon
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK; Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Christian R Cherry
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Marcus T Au
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Marko Hyvönen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Heather D Hickman
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Geoffrey L Smith
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lázaro-Frías A, Pérez P, Zamora C, Sánchez-Cordón PJ, Guzmán M, Luczkowiak J, Delgado R, Casasnovas JM, Esteban M, García-Arriaza J. Full efficacy and long-term immunogenicity induced by the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate MVA-CoV2-S in mice. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:17. [PMID: 35140227 PMCID: PMC8828760 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00440-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Two doses of the MVA-CoV2-S vaccine candidate expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein protected K18-hACE2 transgenic mice from a lethal dose of SARS-CoV-2. This vaccination regimen prevented virus replication in the lungs, reduced lung pathology, and diminished levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. High titers of IgG antibodies against S and receptor-binding domain (RBD) proteins and of neutralizing antibodies were induced against parental virus and variants of concern, markers that correlated with protection. Similar SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses were observed at prechallenge and postchallenge in the two-dose regimen, while the single-dose treatment does not avoid vaccine breakthrough infection. All vaccinated animals survived infection and were also protected to SARS-CoV-2 reinfection. Furthermore, two MVA-CoV2-S doses induced long-term memory S-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in C57BL/6 mice, 6 months after immunization. The efficacy and immunological benefits of the MVA-CoV2-S vaccine candidate against COVID-19 supports its consideration for human clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Lázaro-Frías
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Pérez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Zamora
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro J Sánchez-Cordón
- Pathology Department, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28130, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Guzmán
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joanna Luczkowiak
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Delgado
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041, Madrid, Spain.,Universidad Complutense School of Medicine, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Casasnovas
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariano Esteban
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juan García-Arriaza
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 28049, Madrid, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Akram F, Haq IU, Aqeel A, Ahmed Z, Shah FI, Nawaz A, Zafar J, Sattar R. Insights into the evolutionary and prophylactic analysis of SARS-CoV-2: A review. J Virol Methods 2022; 300:114375. [PMID: 34838536 PMCID: PMC8610842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In late 2019, following the emergence of a β-originated SARS-CoV-2, phylogenetic and evolutionary approaches have been demonstrated to strengthen the diagnostic and prophylactic stratagem of COVID-19 at an unprecedented level. Despite its clinical prominence, the SARS-CoV-2 gene set remains largely irrefutable by impeding the dissection of COVID-19 biology. However, many pieces of molecular and serological evidence have predicted that SARS-CoV-2 related viruses carry their roots from bats and pangolins of South East Asia. Analysis of viral genome predicts that point mutations at a rate of 10-4 nucleotides per base in the receptor-binding domain allow the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 genomic variants at regular intervals. Research in the evolution of molecular pathways involved in emergence of pandemic is critical for the development of therapeutics and vaccines as well as the prevention of future zoonosis. By determining the phyletic lineages of the SARS-CoV-2 genomic variants and those of the conserved regions in the accessory and spike proteins of all the SARS-related coronaviruses, a universal vaccine against all human coronaviruses could be formulated which would revolutionize the field of medicine. This review highlighted the current development and future prospects of antiviral drugs, inhibitors, mesenchymal stem cells, passive immunization, targeted immune therapy and CRISPR-Cas-based prophylactic and therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2. However, further investigations on Covid-19 pathogenesis is required for the successful fabrication of successful antivirals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Akram
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Ikram Ul Haq
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Amna Aqeel
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Ahmed
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Iftikhar Shah
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Nawaz
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Javaria Zafar
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rukhma Sattar
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Synthetic multiantigen MVA vaccine COH04S1 protects against SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian hamsters and non-human primates. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:7. [PMID: 35064109 PMCID: PMC8782996 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00436-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Second-generation COVID-19 vaccines could contribute to establish protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants. We developed COH04S1, a synthetic multiantigen modified vaccinia Ankara-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine that co-expresses spike and nucleocapsid antigens. Here, we report COH04S1 vaccine efficacy in animal models. We demonstrate that intramuscular or intranasal vaccination of Syrian hamsters with COH04S1 induces robust Th1-biased antigen-specific humoral immunity and cross-neutralizing antibodies (NAb) and protects against weight loss, lower respiratory tract infection, and lung injury following intranasal SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Moreover, we demonstrate that single-dose or two-dose vaccination of non-human primates with COH04S1 induces robust antigen-specific binding antibodies, NAb, and Th1-biased T cells, protects against both upper and lower respiratory tract infection following intranasal/intratracheal SARS-CoV-2 challenge, and triggers potent post-challenge anamnestic antiviral responses. These results demonstrate COH04S1-mediated vaccine protection in animal models through different vaccination routes and dose regimens, complementing ongoing investigation of this multiantigen SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in clinical trials.
Collapse
|
48
|
Hu H, Pan K, Shang Y, Guo Y, Xiao H, Deng F, Wang M, Hu Z. Multiloci Manipulation of Baculovirus Genome Reveals the Pivotal Role of Homologous Regions in Viral DNA Replication, Progeny Production, and Enhancing Transcription. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:144-153. [PMID: 34933547 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The engineering of viral genomes facilitates both fundamental and applied research on viruses. However, the multiloci manipulation of DNAs of viruses with large DNA genomes, such as baculoviruses, herpesviruses, and poxviruses, is technically challenging, particularly for highly homologous or repetitive sequences. Homologous regions (hrs) have multiple copies in many large DNA viruses and play pivotal roles in the viral life cycle. Here, we used synthetic biology to investigate the fundamental function of baculoviral hrs by conducting multiloci manipulation of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) DNA that contains eight hrs scattered in the genome. Using transformation-associated recombination in yeast, we generated recombinant AcMNPV genomes in which we deleted all hrs or retained a single hr (hr1, hr2, or hr3). Infectious viruses were rescued after transfecting the synthetic viral genomes into host cells, and their replication features were characterized. The results demonstrated that deletion of all hrs severely compromised viral DNA replication and progeny production, whereas retaining only a single hr was essential for efficient viral DNA replication and progeny production. The synthetic virus with hr2 or hr3 showed a growth curve similar to that of the parental virus. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that hr1, hr2, and hr3 could enhance gene transcription within a surrounding region of 14.6 kb, 13.8 kb, and 29.8 kb, respectively. Overall, this study revealed the advantages of synthetic biology in multiloci engineering and functional studies of large DNA viruses. In addition, our findings on hrs will be helpful for the design and improvement of baculovirus-based expression vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hengrui Hu
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kai Pan
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Yu Shang
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Yijia Guo
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fei Deng
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Manli Wang
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Zhihong Hu
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Cordeiro AS, Patil-Sen Y, Shivkumar M, Patel R, Khedr A, Elsawy MA. Nanovaccine Delivery Approaches and Advanced Delivery Systems for the Prevention of Viral Infections: From Development to Clinical Application. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:2091. [PMID: 34959372 PMCID: PMC8707864 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral infections causing pandemics and chronic diseases are the main culprits implicated in devastating global clinical and socioeconomic impacts, as clearly manifested during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Immunoprophylaxis via mass immunisation with vaccines has been shown to be an efficient strategy to control such viral infections, with the successful and recently accelerated development of different types of vaccines, thanks to the advanced biotechnological techniques involved in the upstream and downstream processing of these products. However, there is still much work to be done for the improvement of efficacy and safety when it comes to the choice of delivery systems, formulations, dosage form and route of administration, which are not only crucial for immunisation effectiveness, but also for vaccine stability, dose frequency, patient convenience and logistics for mass immunisation. In this review, we discuss the main vaccine delivery systems and associated challenges, as well as the recent success in developing nanomaterials-based and advanced delivery systems to tackle these challenges. Manufacturing and regulatory requirements for the development of these systems for successful clinical and marketing authorisation were also considered. Here, we comprehensively review nanovaccines from development to clinical application, which will be relevant to vaccine developers, regulators, and clinicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sara Cordeiro
- Leicester Institute for Pharmaceutical Innovation, Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK; (A.S.C.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Yogita Patil-Sen
- Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, National Health Service, Wigan WN6 0SZ, UK;
| | - Maitreyi Shivkumar
- Leicester Institute for Pharmaceutical Innovation, Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK; (A.S.C.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Ronak Patel
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK;
| | - Abdulwahhab Khedr
- Leicester Institute for Pharmaceutical Innovation, Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK; (A.S.C.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Elsawy
- Leicester Institute for Pharmaceutical Innovation, Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK; (A.S.C.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
MVA vector expression of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and protection of adult Syrian hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 challenge. NPJ Vaccines 2021; 6:145. [PMID: 34862398 PMCID: PMC8642471 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-021-00410-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, are under development. The majority of vaccine candidates to date are designed to induce immune responses against the viral spike (S) protein, although different forms of S antigen have been incorporated. To evaluate the yield and immunogenicity of different forms of S, we constructed modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vectors expressing full-length S (MVA-S), the RBD, and soluble S ectodomain and tested their immunogenicity in dose-ranging studies in mice. All three MVA vectors induced spike-specific immunoglobulin G after one subcutaneous immunization and serum titers were boosted following a second immunization. The MVA-S and MVA-ssM elicited the strongest neutralizing antibody responses. In assessing protective efficacy, MVA-S-immunized adult Syrian hamsters were challenged with SARS-CoV-2 (USA/WA1/2020). MVA-S-vaccinated hamsters exhibited less severe manifestations of atypical pneumocyte hyperplasia, hemorrhage, vasculitis, and especially consolidation, compared to control animals. They also displayed significant reductions in gross pathology scores and weight loss, and a moderate reduction in virus shedding was observed post challenge in nasal washes. There was evidence of reduced viral replication by in situ hybridization, although the reduction in viral RNA levels in lungs and nasal turbinates did not reach significance. Taken together, the data indicate that immunization with two doses of an MVA vector expressing SARS-CoV-2 S provides protection against a stringent SARS-CoV-2 challenge of adult Syrian hamsters, reaffirm the utility of this animal model for evaluating candidate SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and demonstrate the value of an MVA platform in facilitating vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
|