1
|
Cui T, Xu J, Wang X, Liu L, Xiang Y, Zhu H, Li X, Fu Y. Highly reversible transition metal migration in superstructure-free Li-rich oxide boosting voltage stability and redox symmetry. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4742. [PMID: 38834571 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48890-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The further practical applications of Li-rich layered oxides are impeded by voltage decay and redox asymmetry, which are closely related to the structural degradation involving irreversible transition metal migration. It has been demonstrated that the superstructure ordering in O2-type materials can effectively suppress voltage decay and redox asymmetry. Herein, we elucidate that the absence of this superstructure ordering arrangement in a Ru-based O2-type oxide can still facilitate the highly reversible transition metal migration. We certify that Ru in superstructure-free O2-type structure can unlock a quite different migration path from Mn in mostly studied cases. The highly reversible migration of Ru helps the cathode maintain the structural robustness, thus realizing terrific capacity retention with neglectable voltage decay and inhibited oxygen redox asymmetry. We untie the knot that the absence of superstructure ordering fails to enable a high-performance Li-rich layered oxide cathode material with suppressed voltage decay and redox asymmetry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianwei Cui
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jialiang Xu
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Longxiang Liu
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Yuxuan Xiang
- Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Yongzhu Fu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Marie JJ, House RA, Rees GJ, Robertson AW, Jenkins M, Chen J, Agrestini S, Garcia-Fernandez M, Zhou KJ, Bruce PG. Trapped O 2 and the origin of voltage fade in layered Li-rich cathodes. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:818-825. [PMID: 38429520 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01833-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen redox cathodes, such as Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2, deliver higher energy densities than those based on transition metal redox alone. However, they commonly exhibit voltage fade, a gradually diminishing discharge voltage on extended cycling. Recent research has shown that, on the first charge, oxidation of O2- ions forms O2 molecules trapped in nano-sized voids within the structure, which can be fully reduced to O2- on the subsequent discharge. Here we show that the loss of O-redox capacity on cycling and therefore voltage fade arises from a combination of a reduction in the reversibility of the O2-/O2 redox process and O2 loss. The closed voids that trap O2 grow on cycling, rendering more of the trapped O2 electrochemically inactive. The size and density of voids leads to cracking of the particles and open voids at the surfaces, releasing O2. Our findings implicate the thermodynamic driving force to form O2 as the root cause of transition metal migration, void formation and consequently voltage fade in Li-rich cathodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John-Joseph Marie
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Didcot, UK
| | - Robert A House
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- The Faraday Institution, Didcot, UK.
| | - Gregory J Rees
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Didcot, UK
| | | | - Max Jenkins
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | - Peter G Bruce
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- The Faraday Institution, Didcot, UK.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
McColl K, Coles SW, Zarabadi-Poor P, Morgan BJ, Islam MS. Phase segregation and nanoconfined fluid O 2 in a lithium-rich oxide cathode. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:826-833. [PMID: 38740957 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01873-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Lithium-rich oxide cathodes lose energy density during cycling due to atomic disordering and nanoscale structural rearrangements, which are both challenging to characterize. Here we resolve the kinetics and thermodynamics of these processes in an exemplar layered Li-rich (Li1.2-xMn0.8O2) cathode using a combined approach of ab initio molecular dynamics and cluster expansion-based Monte Carlo simulations. We identify a kinetically accessible and thermodynamically favourable mechanism to form O2 molecules in the bulk, involving Mn migration and driven by interlayer oxygen dimerization. At the top of charge, the bulk structure locally phase segregates into MnO2-rich regions and Mn-deficient nanovoids, which contain O2 molecules as a nanoconfined fluid. These nanovoids are connected in a percolating network, potentially allowing long-range oxygen transport and linking bulk O2 formation to surface O2 loss. These insights highlight the importance of developing strategies to kinetically stabilize the bulk structure of Li-rich O-redox cathodes to maintain their high energy densities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kit McColl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK.
| | - Samuel W Coles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Pezhman Zarabadi-Poor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Benjamin J Morgan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - M Saiful Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK.
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Y, Wang H, Huang Y, Li Y, Li Z, Makepeace JW, Liu Q, Zhang F, Allan PK, Lu Z. Mitigating Strain Accumulation in Li 2RuO 3 via Fluorine Doping. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:5359-5365. [PMID: 38728665 PMCID: PMC11129289 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Lithium ruthenium oxide (Li2RuO3) is an archetypal lithium rich cathode material (LRCM) with both cation and anion redox reactions (ARRs). Commonly, the instability of oxygen redox activities has been regarded as the root cause of its performance degradation in long-term operation. However, we find that not triggering ARRs does not improve and even worsens its cyclability due to the detrimental strain accumulation induced by Ru redox activities. To solve this problem, we demonstrate that F-doping in Li2RuO3 can alter its preferential orientation and buffer interlayer repulsion upon Ru redox, both of which can mitigate the strain accumulation along the c-axis and improve its structural stability. This work highlights the importance of optimizing cation redox reactions in LRCMs and provides a new perspective for their rational design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Wang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern
University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K.
- Department
of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern
University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yongcong Huang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern
University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yingzhi Li
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern
University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zongrun Li
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern
University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | | | - Quanbing Liu
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fucai Zhang
- Department
of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Phoebe K. Allan
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Zhouguang Lu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern
University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hu C, Lou X, Wu X, Li J, Su Z, Zhang N, Li J, Hu B, Li C. Destabilization of Oxidized Lattice Oxygen in Layered Oxide Cathode. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13397-13405. [PMID: 38728672 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Integrating anion-redox capacity with orthodox cation-redox capacity is deemed as a promising solution for high-energy-density battery cathodes surmounting the present technical bottlenecks. However, the evolution of oxidized oxygen species during the electrochemical or chemical process easily jeopardizes the reversibility of oxygen redox and remains poorly understood. Herein, we showcase the gradual conversion of the π-interacting oxygen (localized hole states on O) to the σ-interacting oxygen upon resting at a high voltage for P3-type Na0.6Li0.2Mn0.8O2 with nominally stable ribbon-like superstructure, accompanied by the O-O dimerization and the local structural reorganization. We further pinpoint an abnormal Li+ migration process from the alkali-metal layer to the transition-metal layer for desodiated P3-Na0.6Li0.2Mn0.8O2, thereby leading to a partial reconstruction of the ribbon superstructure. The high-voltage plateau of oxygen-redox cathodes is concluded to be exclusively controlled by the oxygen stabilization mechanism rather than the superstructure ordering. In addition, there exists a kinetic competition between π and σ interaction during the uninterrupted electrochemical process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunjing Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaobing Lou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei 230021, China
| | - Zhenhuang Su
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Nian Zhang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Jiong Li
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Bingwen Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang S, Wang L, Sandoval D, Liu T, Zhan C, Amine K. Correlating concerted cations with oxygen redox in rechargeable batteries. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3561-3578. [PMID: 38415295 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00550j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Rechargeable batteries currently power much of our world, but with the increased demand for electric vehicles (EVs) capable of traveling hundreds of miles on a single charge, new paradigms are necessary for overcoming the limits of energy density, particularly in rechargeable batteries. The emergence of reversible anionic redox reactions presents a promising direction toward achieving this goal; however this process has both positive and negative effects on battery performance. While it often leads to higher capacity, anionic redox also causes several unfavorable effects such as voltage fade, voltage hysteresis, sluggish kinetics, and oxygen loss. However, the introduction of cations with topological chemistry tendencies has created an efficient pathway for achieving long-term oxygen redox with improved kinetics. The cations serve as pillars in the crystal structure and meanwhile can interact with oxygen in ways that affect the oxygen redox process through their impact on the electronic structure. This review delves into a detailed examination of the fundamental physical and chemical characteristics of oxygen redox and elucidates the crucial role that cations play in this process at the atomic and electronic scales. Furthermore, we present a systematic summary of polycationic systems, with an emphasis on their electrochemical performance, in order to provide perspectives on the development of next-generation cathode materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Wang
- Department of Energy Storage Science and Engineering, School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Lifan Wang
- Department of Energy Storage Science and Engineering, School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - David Sandoval
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA.
| | - Tongchao Liu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA.
| | - Chun Zhan
- Department of Energy Storage Science and Engineering, School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Khalil Amine
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kong WJ, Zhao CZ, Sun S, Shen L, Huang XY, Xu P, Lu Y, Huang WZ, Huang JQ, Zhang Q. From Liquid to Solid-State Batteries: Li-Rich Mn-Based Layered Oxides as Emerging Cathodes with High Energy Density. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310738. [PMID: 38054396 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Li-rich Mn-based (LRMO) cathode materials have attracted widespread attention due to their high specific capacity, energy density, and cost-effectiveness. However, challenges such as poor cycling stability, voltage deca,y and oxygen escape limit their commercial application in liquid Li-ion batteries. Consequently, there is a growing interest in the development of safe and resilient all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs), driven by their remarkable safety features and superior energy density. ASSBs based on LRMO cathodes offer distinct advantages over conventional liquid Li-ion batteries, including long-term cycle stability, thermal and wider electrochemical windows stability, as well as the prevention of transition metal dissolution. This review aims to recapitulate the challenges and fundamental understanding associated with the application of LRMO cathodes in ASSBs. Additionally, it proposes the mechanisms of interfacial mechanical and chemical instability, introduces noteworthy strategies to enhance oxygen redox reversibility, enhances high-voltage interfacial stability, and optimizes Li+ transfer kinetics. Furthermore, it suggests potential research approaches to facilitate the large-scale implementation of LRMO cathodes in ASSBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jin Kong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chen-Zi Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shuo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Liang Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xue-Yan Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Pan Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wen-Ze Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jia-Qi Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li JC, Tang J, Tian J, Cheng C, Liao Y, Hu B, Yu T, Li H, Liu Z, Rao Y, Deng Y, Zhang L, Zhang X, Guo S, Zhou H. From Oxygen Redox to Sulfur Redox: A Paradigm for Li-Rich Layered Cathodes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7274-7287. [PMID: 38377953 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of anionic redox chemistry provides an opportunity to further improve the energy density of Li-ion batteries, particularly for Li-rich layered oxides. However, oxygen-based hosts still suffer from unfavorable structural rearrangement, including the oxygen release and transition metal (TM)-ion migration, in association with the tenuous framework rooted in the ionicity of the TM-O bonding. An intrinsic solution, by using a sulfur-based host with strong TM-S covalency, is proposed here to buffer the lattice distortion upon the highly activating sulfur redox process, and it achieves howling success in stabilizing the host frameworks. Experimental results demonstrate the prolonged preservation of the layered sulfur lattice, especially the honeycomb superlattice, during the Li+ extraction/insertion process in contrast to the large structural degeneration in Li-rich oxides. Moreover, the Li-rich sulfide cathodes exhibited a negligible overpotential of 0.08 V and a voltage drop of 0.13 mV/cycle, while maintaining a substantial reversible capacity upon cycling. These superior electrochemical performances can be unambiguously ascribed to the much shorter trajectories of sulfur in comparison to those of oxygen revealed by molecular dynamics simulations at a large scale (∼30 nm) and a long time scale (∼300 ps) via high-dimensional neural network potentials during the delithiation process. Our findings highlight the importance of stabilizing host frameworks and establish general guidance for designing Li-rich cathodes with durable anionic redox chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Chang Li
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
- Lab of Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Jiayi Tang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jiaming Tian
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
- Lab of Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Liao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Bingwen Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
- Lab of Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Haoyu Li
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
- Lab of Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoguo Liu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
- Lab of Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Rao
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
- Lab of Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Yu Deng
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- School of materials science and engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Shaohua Guo
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
- Lab of Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Haoshen Zhou
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang Y, Gao C, Luo T, Song J, Yang T, Wang H, Zhang K, Zuo Y, Xiao W, Jiang Z, Chen T, Xia D. Unlocking the Potential of Li-Rich Mn-Based Oxides for High-Rate Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2307138. [PMID: 37689984 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-rich Mn-based oxides have gained significant attention worldwide as potential cathode materials for the next generation of high-energy density lithium-ion batteries. Nonetheless, the inferior rate capability and voltage decay issues present formidable challenges. Here, a Li-rich material equipped with quasi-three-dimensional (quasi-3D) Li-ion diffusion channels is initially synthesized by introducing twin structures with high Li-ion diffusion coefficients into the crystal and constructing a "bridge" between different Li-ion diffusion tunnels. The as-prepared material exhibits monodispersed micron-sized primary particles (MP), delivering a specific capacity of 303 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C and an impressive capacity of 253 mAh g-1 at 1 C. More importantly, the twin structure also serves as a "breakwater" to inhibit the migration of Mn ions and improve the overall structural stability, leading to cycling stability with 85% capacity retention at 1 C after 200 cycles. The proposed strategy of constructing quasi-3D channels in the layered Li-rich cathodes will open up new avenues for the research and development of other layered oxide cathodes, with potential applications in industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yali Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Tie Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jin Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Tonghuan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Hangchao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yuxuan Zuo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Wukun Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zewen Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Tao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Dingguo Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xu L, Chen S, Su Y, Shen X, He J, Avdeev M, Kan WH, Zhang B, Fan W, Chen L, Cao D, Lu Y, Wang L, Wang M, Bao L, Zhang L, Li N, Wu F. Novel Low-Strain Layered/Rocksalt Intergrown Cathode for High-Energy Li-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:54559-54567. [PMID: 37972385 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Both layered- and rocksalt-type Li-rich cathode materials are drawing great attention due to their enormous capacity, while the individual phases have their own drawbacks, such as great volume change for the layered phase and low electronic and ionic conductivities for the rocksalt phase. Previously, we have reported the layered/rocksalt intergrown cathodes with nearly zero-strain operation, while the use of precious elements hinders their industrial applications. Herein, low-cost 3d Mn4+ ions are utilized to partially replace the expensive Ru5+ ions, to develop novel ternary Li-rich cathode material Li1+x[RuMnNi]1-xO2. The as-designed Li1.15Ru0.25Mn0.2Ni0.4O2 is revealed to have a layered/rock salt intergrown structure by neutron diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The as-designed cathode exhibits ultrahigh lithium-ion reversibility, with 0.86 (231.1 mAh g-1) out of a total Li+ inventory of 1.15 (309.1 mAh g-1). The X-ray absorption spectroscopy and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectra further demonstrate that the high Li+ storage of the intergrown cathode is enabled by leveraging cationic and anionic redox activities in charge compensation. Surprisingly, in situ X-ray diffraction shows that the intergrown cathode undergoes extremely low-strain structural evolution during the charge-discharge process. Finally, the Mn content in the intergrown cathodes is found to be tunable, providing new insights into the design of advanced cathode materials for high-energy Li-ion batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuefeng Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Xing Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Jizhuang He
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Maxim Avdeev
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Wang Hay Kan
- China Spallation Neutron Source, Chinese Academy of Science, Dongguan, Guangdong 523803, China
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, PR China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Yibin Libode New Materials Co., Ltd., Yibin, Sichuan 644000, China
| | - Weifeng Fan
- Yibin Libode New Materials Co., Ltd., Yibin, Sichuan 644000, China
| | - Lai Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Duanyun Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Yun Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Lian Wang
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Liying Bao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ning Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lee J, Kim MH, Lee H, Kim J, Seo J, Lee HW, Hwang C, Song HK. Guaiacol as an Organic Superoxide Dismutase Mimics for Anti-ageing a Ru-based Li-rich Layered Oxide Cathode. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312928. [PMID: 37842904 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
High-capacity Li-rich layered oxides using oxygen redox as well as transition metal redox suffer from its structural instability due to lattice oxygen escaped from its structure during oxygen redox and the following electrolyte decomposition by the reactive oxygen species. Herein, we rescued a Li-rich layered oxide based on 4d transition metal by employing an organic superoxide dismutase mimics as a homogeneous electrolyte additive. Guaiacol scavenged superoxide radicals via dismutation or disproportionation to convert two superoxide molecules to peroxide and dioxygen after absorbing lithium superoxide on its partially negative oxygen of methoxy and hydroxyl groups. Additionally, guaiacol was decomposed to form a thin and stable cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) layer, endowing the cathode with the interfacial stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeongin Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| | - Min-Ho Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| | - Hosik Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| | - Jonghak Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Seo
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| | - Hyun-Wook Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| | - Chihyun Hwang
- Advanced Batteries Research Center, KETI, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13509, Korea
| | - Hyun-Kon Song
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kang S, Choi D, Lee H, Choi B, Kang YM. A Mechanistic Insight into the Oxygen Redox of Li-Rich Layered Cathodes and their Related Electronic/Atomic Behaviors Upon Cycling. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211965. [PMID: 36920413 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Li-rich cathodes are extensively investigated as their energy density is superior to Li stoichiometric cathode materials. In addition to the transition metal redox, this intriguing electrochemical performance originates from the redox reaction of the anionic sublattice. This new redox process, the so-called anionic redox or, more directly, oxygen redox in the case of oxides, almost doubles the energy density of Li-rich cathodes compared to conventional cathodes. Numerous theoretical and experimental investigations have thoroughly established the current understanding of the oxygen redox of Li-rich cathodes. However, different reports are occasionally contradictory, indicating that current knowledge remains incomplete. Moreover, several practical issues still hinder the real-world application of Li-rich cathodes. As these issues are related to phenomena resulting from the electronic to atomic evolution induced by unstable oxygen redox, a fundamental multiscale understanding is essential for solving the problem. In this review, the current mechanistic understanding of oxygen redox, the origin of the practical problems, and how current studies tackle the issues are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seongkoo Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayeon Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hakwoo Lee
- Department of Battery-Smart Factory, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungjin Choi
- Cathode Materials R&D Center, LG Chem, Daejeon, 34122, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Mook Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Battery-Smart Factory, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Energy Storage Research Center, Clean Energy Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu X, Liu H, Lou X, Geng F, Li J, Li C, Hu B. 4d Lithium-Rich Cathode System Reinvestigated with Electron Paramagnetic Resonance: Correlation between Ionicity, Oxygen Dimers, and Molecular O 2. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:7711-7717. [PMID: 37615378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Layered lithium-rich (Li-rich) oxide cathodes with additional capacity contribution via oxygen redox are promising high energy density cathodes for next generation Li-ion batteries. However, the chemical states of the oxidized oxygen in charged materials are under fierce debate, including the O2- with stable electron holes, O-O dimer (O2)n- (n > 0), molecular O2, and oxygen π redox. Here, we show using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy that in the 4d Li-rich ruthenate compounds, Li2Ru0.75Sn0.25O3 and Li2Ru0.5Sn0.5O3, strong covalency between 4d transition metal and oxygen can inhibit the formation of trapped molecular O2 but not suppress the formation of O-O dimer. As the covalent bond of Ru-O weakens and the ionic bond Sn-O becomes dominant in Li2Ru0.25Sn0.75O3, (O2)- will detach from Sn4+, eventually leading to the formation of trapped molecular O2 during the deep oxygen redox. We propose two possible evolution paths of oxidized oxygen as (1) oxygen electron holes → Ru-(O2)m- (m > 1) → Ru-(O2)- or (2) oxygen electron holes → Sn-(O2)m- (m > 1) → Sn-(O2)- → O2, and the species to which they will evolve are related to which metal (O2)- bonds to and whether the ionicity dominates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobing Lou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Fushan Geng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230021, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Bingwen Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Song JH, Yu S, Kim B, Eum D, Cho J, Jang HY, Park SO, Yoo J, Ko Y, Lee K, Lee MH, Kang B, Kang K. Slab gliding, a hidden factor that induces irreversibility and redox asymmetry of lithium-rich layered oxide cathodes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4149. [PMID: 37438468 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39838-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium-rich layered oxides, despite their potential as high-energy-density cathode materials, are impeded by electrochemical performance deterioration upon anionic redox. Although this deterioration is believed to primarily result from structural disordering, our understanding of how it is triggered and/or occurs remains incomplete. Herein, we propose a theoretical picture that clarifies the irreversible transformation and redox asymmetry of lithium-rich layered oxides by introducing a series of global and local dynamic structural evolution processes involving slab gliding and transition-metal migration. We show that slab gliding plays a key role in trigger/initiating the structural disordering and consequent degradation of the anionic redox reaction. We further reveal that the 'concerted disordering mechanism' of slab gliding and transition-metal migration produces spontaneously irreversible/asymmetric lithiation and de-lithiation pathways, causing irreversible structural deterioration and the asymmetry of the anionic redox reaction. Our findings suggest slab gliding as a crucial, yet underexplored, method for achieving a reversible anionic redox reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hyuk Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
- LiB Materials Research Group, Research Institute of Industrial Science & Technology (RIST), 100 Songdogwahak-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungju Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Byunghoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Donggun Eum
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiung Cho
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 150 Bugahyeon-ro, Seoul, 03759, Republic of Korea
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Daedoek-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-O Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekyun Yoo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmin Ko
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongsu Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Hwan Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungwook Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Kisuk Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Engineering Research, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea.
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ruiz Esquius J, Morgan DJ, Algara Siller G, Gianolio D, Aramini M, Lahn L, Kasian O, Kondrat SA, Schlögl R, Hutchings GJ, Arrigo R, Freakley SJ. Lithium-Directed Transformation of Amorphous Iridium (Oxy)hydroxides To Produce Active Water Oxidation Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6398-6409. [PMID: 36892000 PMCID: PMC10037335 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial to future energy systems based on water electrolysis. Iridium oxides are promising catalysts due to their resistance to corrosion under acidic and oxidizing conditions. Highly active iridium (oxy)hydroxides prepared using alkali metal bases transform into low activity rutile IrO2 at elevated temperatures (>350 °C) during catalyst/electrode preparation. Depending on the residual amount of alkali metals, we now show that this transformation can result in either rutile IrO2 or nano-crystalline Li-intercalated IrOx. While the transition to rutile results in poor activity, the Li-intercalated IrOx has comparative activity and improved stability when compared to the highly active amorphous material despite being treated at 500 °C. This highly active nanocrystalline form of lithium iridate could be more resistant to industrial procedures to produce PEM membranes and provide a route to stabilize the high populations of redox active sites of amorphous iridium (oxy)hydroxides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Ruiz Esquius
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga, Braga 4715-330, Portugal
| | - David J Morgan
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Gerardo Algara Siller
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Diego Gianolio
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Fermi Avenue, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Matteo Aramini
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Fermi Avenue, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Leopold Lahn
- Helmholtz Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin GmbH, Cauerstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olga Kasian
- Helmholtz Institut Erlangen-Nürnberg, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin GmbH, Cauerstr. 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simon A Kondrat
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Robert Schlögl
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Heterogeneous Reactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, 45470 Mulheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Graham J Hutchings
- Max Planck-Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis FUNCAT, Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K
| | - Rosa Arrigo
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, U.K
| | - Simon J Freakley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 2AY, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zuo Y, Shang H, Hao J, Song J, Ning F, Zhang K, He L, Xia D. Regulating the Potential of Anion Redox to Reduce the Voltage Hysteresis of Li-Rich Cathode Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5174-5182. [PMID: 36757130 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Layered Li-rich oxides (LROs) that exhibit anionic and cationic redox are extensively studied due to their high energy storage capacities. However, voltage hysteresis, which reduces the energy conversion efficiency of the battery, is a critical limitation in the commercial application of LROs. Herein, using two Li2RuO3 (LRO) model materials with C2/c and P21/m symmetries, we explored the relationship between voltage hysteresis and the electronic structure of Li2RuO3 by neutron diffraction, in situ X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, macro magnetic study, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The charge-transfer band gap of the LRO cathode material with isolated eg electron filling decreases, reducing the oxidation potential of anion redox and thus displaying a reduced voltage hysteresis. We further synthesized Mn-based Li-rich cathode materials with practical significance and different electron spin states. Low-spin Li1.15Ni0.377Mn0.473O2 with isolated eg electron filling exhibited a reduced voltage hysteresis and high energy conversion efficiency. We rationalized this finding via density functional theory calculations. This discovery should provide critical guidance in designing and preparing high-energy layered Li-rich cathode materials for use in next-generation high-energy-density Li-ion batteries based on anion redox activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Zuo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Huaifang Shang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Jiazheng Hao
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
| | - Jin Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fanghua Ning
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lunhua He
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan 523803, China
| | - Dingguo Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li XL, Ma C, Zhou YN. Transition Metal Vacancy in Layered Cathode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203586. [PMID: 36806289 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Anionic redox has been considered as a promising strategy to break the capacity limitation of cathode materials that solely relies on the intrinsic cationic redox in secondary batteries. Vacancy, as a kind of defect, can be introduced into transition metal layer to trigger oxygen redox, thus enhancing the energy density of layer-structured cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries. Herein, the formation process, recent progress in working mechanisms of triggering oxygen redox, as well as advanced characterization techniques for transition metal (TM) vacancy were overviewed and discussed. Strategies applied to stabilize the vacancy contained structures and harness the reversible oxygen redox were summarized. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects for further understanding TM vacancy were particularly emphasized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xun-Lu Li
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Cui Ma
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Ning Zhou
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li Q, Liang Q, Zhang H, Jiao S, Zhuo Z, Wang J, Li Q, Zhang JN, Yu X. Unveiling the High-valence Oxygen Degradation Across the Delithiated Cathode Surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215131. [PMID: 36471651 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Charge compensation on anionic redox reaction (ARR) has been promising to realize extra capacity beyond transition metal redox in battery cathodes. The practical development of ARR capacity has been hindered by high-valence oxygen instability, particularly at cathode surfaces. However, the direct probe of surface oxygen behavior has been challenging. Here, the electronic states of surface oxygen are investigated by combining mapping of resonant Auger electronic spectroscopy (mRAS) and ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APXPS) on a model LiCoO2 cathode. The mRAS verified that no high-valence oxygen can sustain at cathode surfaces, while APXPS proves that cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) layer evolves and oxidizes upon oxygen gas contact. This work provides valuable insights into the high-valence oxygen degradation mode across the interface. Oxygen stabilization from surface architecture is proven a prerequisite to the practical development of ARR active cathodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghao Li
- College of Physics, Center for Marine Observation and Communications, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.,Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qi Liang
- College of Physics, Center for Marine Observation and Communications, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Sichen Jiao
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zengqing Zhuo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Junyang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qiang Li
- College of Physics, Center for Marine Observation and Communications, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jie-Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiqian Yu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Singh P, Dixit M. Opportunities and Challenges in the Development of Layered Positive Electrode Materials for High-Energy Sodium Ion Batteries: A Computational Perspective. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:28-36. [PMID: 36574490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, high-energy-density sodium ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted enormous attention as a potential replacement for LIBs due to the chemical similarity between Li and Na, high natural abundance, and low cost of Na. Despite the promise of high energy, SIBs with layered cathode materials face several challenges including irreversible capacity loss, voltage hysteresis, voltage decay, irreversible TM migrations that lead to fast capacity fading, and structural degradation. However, their electrochemical performance can be improved by introducing reversible anionic redox along with conventional cationic redox. This Perspective systematically summarizes different factors that trigger the irreversible anionic redox in Na-based cathode materials. Additionally, this Perspective highlights the mechanistic understanding and key challenges for reversible anionic redox and proposes plausible solutions to overcome these limitations. The overview of various existing experimental and theoretical approaches presented here could provide a futuristic pathway to design Na-based cathode materials for high-energy-density SIBs.
Collapse
|
20
|
Transition metal migration and O 2 formation underpin voltage hysteresis in oxygen-redox disordered rocksalt cathodes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5275. [PMID: 36071065 PMCID: PMC9452515 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32983-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lithium-rich disordered rocksalt cathodes display high capacities arising from redox chemistry on both transition-metal ions (TM-redox) and oxygen ions (O-redox), making them promising candidates for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. However, the atomic-scale mechanisms governing O-redox behaviour in disordered structures are not fully understood. Here we show that, at high states of charge in the disordered rocksalt Li2MnO2F, transition metal migration is necessary for the formation of molecular O2 trapped in the bulk. Density functional theory calculations reveal that O2 is thermodynamically favoured over other oxidised O species, which is confirmed by resonant inelastic X-ray scattering data showing only O2 forms. When O-redox involves irreversible Mn migration, this mechanism results in a path-dependent voltage hysteresis between charge and discharge, commensurate with the hysteresis observed electrochemically. The implications are that irreversible transition metal migration should be suppressed to reduce the voltage hysteresis that afflicts O-redox disordered rocksalt cathodes. The oxygen-redox mechanism in lithium-rich disordered rocksalt cathode materials is still not well understood. Here, the authors show that in Li2MnO2F, molecular oxygen forms in the bulk during charge and is re-incorporated into the structure as oxygen anions on discharge, but this process is associated with irreversible Mn migration, causing voltage hysteresis.
Collapse
|
21
|
Park S, Lee J, Kim H, Chioi G, Koo S, Lee J, Cho M, Kim D. Determining Factors in Triggering Hysteretic Oxygen Capacities in Lithium-Excess Sodium Layered Oxides. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:19515-19523. [PMID: 35452216 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen redox (OR) reactions in sodium layered oxide cathodes have been studied intensively to harness their full potential in achieving high energy density for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, OR triggers a large hysteretic voltage during discharge after the first charge process for OR-based oxides, and its intrinsic origin is unclear. Therefore, in this study, an in-depth reinvestigation on the fundamentals of the reaction mechanism in Na[Li1/3Mn2/3]O2 with a Mn/Li ratio (R) of 2 was performed to determine the factors that polarize the OR activity and to provide design rules leading to nonhysteretic oxygen capacity using first-principles calculations. Based on thermodynamic energies, the O2-/O22- and O2-/On- conditions reveal the monophasic (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 4/6) and biphasic (4/6 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) reactions in Na1-x[Li2/6Mn4/6]O2, but each stability at x = 5/6 is observed differently. The O-O bond population elucidates that the formation of an interlayer O-O dimer is a critical factor in triggering hysteretic oxygen capacity, whereas that in a mixed layer provides nonhysteretic oxygen capacity after the first charge. In addition, the migration of Li into the 4h site in the Na metallic layer contributes less to the occurrence of voltage hysteresis because of the suppression of the interlayer O-O dimer. These results are clearly elucidated using the combined-phase mixing enthalpies and chemical potentials during the biphasic reaction. To compare the Mn oxide with R = 2, Na1-x[Li1/6Mn5/6]O2 tuned with R = 5 was investigated using the same procedure, and all the impeding factors in restraining the nonhysteretic OR were not observed. Herein, we suggest two strategies based on three types of OR models: (i) exploiting the migration of Li ions for the suppression of the interlayer O-O dimer and (ii) modulating the Mn/Li ratio for controlling the OR participation, which provides an exciting direction for nonhysteretic oxygen capacities for SIBs and lithium-ion batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangeon Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoon Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjun Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering & Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro. Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwanghyeon Chioi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojung Koo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Maenghyo Cho
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering & Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro. Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Duho Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chai K, Zhang J, Li Q, Wong D, Zheng L, Schulz C, Bartkowiak M, Smirnov D, Liu X. Facilitating Reversible Cation Migration and Suppressing O 2 Escape for High Performance Li-Rich Oxide Cathodes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201014. [PMID: 35373917 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High-capacity Li-rich Mn-based oxide cathodes show a great potential in next generation Li-ion batteries but suffer from some critical issues, such as, lattice oxygen escape, irreversible transition metal (TM) cation migration, and voltage decay. Herein, a comprehensive structural modulation in the bulk and surface of Li-rich cathodes is proposed through simultaneously introducing oxygen vacancies and P doping to mitigate these issues, and the improvement mechanism is revealed. First, oxygen vacancies and P doping elongates OO distance, which lowers the energy barrier and enhances the reversible cation migration. Second, reversible cation migration elevates the discharge voltage, inhibits voltage decay and lattice oxygen escape by increasing the Li vacancy-TM antisite at charge, and decreasing the trapped cations at discharge. Third, oxygen vacancies vary the lattice arrangement on the surface from a layered lattice to a spinel phase, which deactivates oxygen redox and restrains oxygen gas (O2 ) escape. Fourth, P doping enhances the covalency between cations and anions and elevates lattice stability in bulk. The modulated Li-rich cathode exhibits a high-rate capability, a good cycling stability, a restrained voltage decay, and an elevated working voltage. This study presents insights into regulating oxygen redox by facilitating reversible cation migration and suppressing O2 escape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Chai
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jicheng Zhang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qingyuan Li
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Deniz Wong
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, D-14109, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lirong Zheng
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Christian Schulz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, D-14109, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maciej Bartkowiak
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, D-14109, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dmitry Smirnov
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, D-14109, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiangfeng Liu
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Xu YS, Qi MY, Zhang QH, Meng FQ, Zhou YN, Guo SJ, Sun YG, Gu L, Chang BB, Liu CT, Cao AM, Wan LJ. Anion Doping for Layered Oxides with a Solid-Solution Reaction for Potassium-Ion Battery Cathodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:13379-13387. [PMID: 35266694 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) is challenged by the shortage of stable cathode materials capable of reversibly hosting the large-sized K+ (1.38 Å), which is prone to cause severe structural degradation and complex phase evolution during the potassiation/depotassiation process. Here, we identified that anionic doping of the layered oxides for PIBs is effective to combat their capacity fading at high voltage (>4.0 V). Taking P2-type K2/3Mn7/9Ni1/9Ti1/9O17/9F1/9 (KMNTOF) as an example, we showed that the partial substitution of O2- by F- enlarged the interlayer distance of the K2/3Mn7/9Ni1/9Ti1/9O2 (KMNTO), which becomes more favorable for fast K+ transition without violent structural destruction. Meanwhile, based on the experimental data and theoretical results, we identified that the introduction of F- anions effectively increased the redox-active Mn cationic concentration by lowering the average valence of the Mn element, accordingly providing more reversible capacity derived from the Mn3+/4+ redox couple, rather than oxygen redox. This anionic doping strategy enables the KMNTOF cathode to deliver a high reversible capacity of 132.5 mAh g-1 with 0.53 K+ reversible (de)intercalation in the structure. We expect that the discovery provides new insights into structural engineering for pursuing stable cathodes to facilitate the future applications of high-performance PIBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Song Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Mu-Yao Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Fan-Qi Meng
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Ning Zhou
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Si-Jie Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Gang Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Lin Gu
- Key Laboratory for Renewable Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Bao Chang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Tai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - An-Min Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Li-Jun Wan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang T, Ren GX, Xia HY, Shadike Z, Huang TQ, Li XL, Yang SY, Chen MW, Liu P, Gao SP, Liu XS, Fu ZW. Anionic Redox Regulated via Metal-Ligand Combinations in Layered Sulfides. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107353. [PMID: 34738266 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for energy storage is calling for improvements in cathode performance. In traditional layered cathodes, the higher energy of the metal 3d over the O 2p orbital results in one-band cationic redox; capacity solely from cations cannot meet the needs for higher energy density. Emerging anionic redox chemistry is promising to access higher capacity. In recent studies, the low-lying O nonbonding 2p orbital was designed to activate one-band oxygen redox, but they are still accompanied by reversibility problems like oxygen loss, irreversible cation migration, and voltage decay. Herein, by regulating the metal-ligand energy level, both extra capacities provided by anionic redox and highly reversible anionic redox process are realized in NaCr1- y Vy S2 system. The simultaneous cationic and anionic redox of Cr/V and S is observed by in situ X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). Under high d-p hybridization, the strong covalent interaction stabilizes the holes on the anions, prevents irreversible dimerization and cation migration, and restrains voltage hysteresis and voltage decay. The work provides a fundamental understanding of highly reversible anionic redox in layered compounds, and demonstrates the feasibility of anionic redox chemistry based on hybridized bands with d-p covalence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry and Laser Chemistry Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Guo-Xi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - He-Yi Xia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry and Laser Chemistry Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zulipiya Shadike
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Tao-Qing Huang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xun-Lu Li
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Si-Yu Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry and Laser Chemistry Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ming-Wei Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced High-Temperature Materials and Precision Forming, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Pan Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced High-Temperature Materials and Precision Forming, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shang-Peng Gao
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Song Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Zheng-Wen Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry and Laser Chemistry Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhao C, Li C, Liu H, Qiu Q, Geng F, Shen M, Tong W, Li J, Hu B. Coexistence of (O 2) n- and Trapped Molecular O 2 as the Oxidized Species in P2-Type Sodium 3d Layered Oxide and Stable Interface Enabled by Highly Fluorinated Electrolyte. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:18652-18664. [PMID: 34699720 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The interface stability of cathode/electrolyte for Na-ion layered oxides is tightly related to the oxidized species formed during the electrochemical process. Herein, we for the first time decipher the coexistence of (O2)n- and trapped molecular O2 in the (de)sodiation process of P2-Na0.66[Li0.22Mn0.78]O2 by using advanced electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. An unstable interface of cathode/electrolyte can thus be envisaged with conventional carbonate electrolyte due to the high reactivity of the oxidized O species. We therefore introduce a highly fluorinated electrolyte to tentatively construct a stable and protective interface between P2-Na0.66[Li0.22Mn0.78]O2 and the electrolyte. As expected, an even and robust NaF-rich cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) film is formed in the highly fluorinated electrolyte, in sharp contrast to the nonuniform and friable organic-rich CEI formed in the conventional lowly fluorinated electrolyte. The in situ formed fluorinated CEI film can significantly mitigate the local structural degeneration of P2-Na0.66[Li0.22Mn0.78]O2 by refraining the irreversible Li/Mn dissolutions and O2 release, endowing a highly reversible oxygen redox reaction. Resultantly, P2-Na0.66[Li0.22Mn0.78]O2 in highly fluorinated electrolyte achieves a high Coulombic efficiency (CE) of >99% and an impressive cycling stability in the voltage range of 2.0-4.5 V (vs Na+/Na) under room temperature (147.6 mAh g-1, 100 cycles) and at 45 °C (142.5 mAh g-1, 100 cycles). This study highlights the profound impact of oxidized oxygen species on the interfacial stability of cathode/electrolyte and carves a new path for building stable interface and enabling highly stable oxygen redox reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Qing Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Fushan Geng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Ming Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tong
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Bingwen Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fehse M, Iadecola A, Simonelli L, Longo A, Stievano L. The rise of X-ray spectroscopies for unveiling the functional mechanisms in batteries. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:23445-23465. [PMID: 34664565 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03263a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Synchrotron-based techniques have been key tools in the discovery, understanding, and development of battery materials. In this review, some of the most suitable X-ray spectroscopy related techniques employed for addressing diverse scientific cases connected to battery science are highlighted. Furthermore, current shortcomings, intrinsic limitations, and ongoing challenges of individual techniques are pointed out, providing an outlook of future trends that are relevant to the battery research community. In particular, the ongoing development of next generation synchrotrons, machine learning algorithms for data analysis and combined theoretical/experimental approaches will enhance the already powerful assets of these advanced spectroscopic methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonella Iadecola
- Rééseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS, Amiens, France
| | | | - Alessandro Longo
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France.,Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, ISMN-CNR UOS di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Stievano
- Rééseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS, Amiens, France.,ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang C, Wei B, Jiang W, Wang M, Hu W, Liang C, Wang T, Chen L, Zhang R, Wang P, Wei W. Insights into the Enhanced Structural and Thermal Stabilities of Nb-Substituted Lithium-Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:45619-45629. [PMID: 34530607 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-rich manganese-based layered oxides (LLOs) are considered to be the most promising cathode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for their higher reversible capacity, higher operating voltage, and lower cost compared with those of other commercially available cathode materials. However, irreversible lattice oxygen release and associated severe structural degradation that exacerbate under high temperature and deep delithiation hinder the large-scale application of LLOs. Herein, we propose a strategy to stabilize the layered lattice framework and improve the thermal stability of cobalt-free Li1.2Mn0.53Ni0.27O2 by doping with 4d transition metal niobium (Nb). Detailed atomic-scale imaging, in situ characterization, and DFT simulations confirm that the induced strong Nb-O bonds stabilize the oxygen lattice framework and restrains the fracture of TM-O bonds, thereby inhibiting the release of lattice oxygen and the continuous migration of TM ions to the lithium layer during the cycle. Furthermore, Nb doping also promotes the surface rearrangement to form a Ni-enrichment layered/rocksalt heterogeneous interface to enhance surface structural stability. As a result, the Nb-doped material delivers a capacity of 181.7 mAh g-1 with retention of 85.5% after 200 cycles at 1C, extraordinary thermal stability with a capacity retention of 80.7% after 200 cycles at 50 °C, and superior rate capability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Meiyu Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative, Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Wang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Chaoping Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Tianshuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Libao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| | - Ruifeng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and Collaborative, Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Morris G, Sorzabal-Bellido I, Bilton M, Dawson K, McBride F, Raval R, Jäckel F, Diaz Fernandez YA. A Novel Self-Assembly Strategy for the Fabrication of Nano-Hybrid Satellite Materials with Plasmonically Enhanced Catalytic Activity. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061580. [PMID: 34208469 PMCID: PMC8233724 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The generation of hydrogen from water using light is currently one of the most promising alternative energy sources for humankind but faces significant barriers for large-scale applications due to the low efficiency of existing photo-catalysts. In this work we propose a new route to fabricate nano-hybrid materials able to deliver enhanced photo-catalytic hydrogen evolution, combining within the same nanostructure, a plasmonic antenna nanoparticle and semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). For each stage of our fabrication process we probed the chemical composition of the materials with nanometric spatial resolution, allowing us to demonstrate that the final product is composed of a silver nanoparticle (AgNP) plasmonic core, surrounded by satellite Pt decorated CdS QDs (CdS@Pt), separated by a spacer layer of SiO2 with well-controlled thickness. This new type of photoactive nanomaterial is capable of generating hydrogen when irradiated with visible light, displaying efficiencies 300% higher than the constituting photo-active components. This work may open new avenues for the development of cleaner and more efficient energy sources based on photo-activated hydrogen generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Morris
- Surface Science Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK; (G.M.); (I.S.-B.); (F.M.)
- Stephenson Institute of Renewable Energy and Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Ioritz Sorzabal-Bellido
- Surface Science Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK; (G.M.); (I.S.-B.); (F.M.)
| | - Matthew Bilton
- Albert Crewe Centre for Electron Microscopy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK;
| | - Karl Dawson
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK;
| | - Fiona McBride
- Surface Science Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK; (G.M.); (I.S.-B.); (F.M.)
| | - Rasmita Raval
- Surface Science Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK; (G.M.); (I.S.-B.); (F.M.)
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (F.J.); (Y.A.D.F.)
| | - Frank Jäckel
- Stephenson Institute of Renewable Energy and Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (F.J.); (Y.A.D.F.)
| | - Yuri A. Diaz Fernandez
- Surface Science Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK; (G.M.); (I.S.-B.); (F.M.)
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (F.J.); (Y.A.D.F.)
| |
Collapse
|