1
|
Elsanosi HA, Zhang J, Mostafa S, Geng X, Zhou G, Awdelseid AHM, Song L. Genome-wide identification, structural and gene expression analysis of BTB gene family in soybean. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:663. [PMID: 38992596 PMCID: PMC11238345 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05365-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Bric-a-Brac/Tramtrack/Broad Complex (BTB) gene family plays essential roles in various biological processes in plants. These genes encode proteins that contain a conserved BTB domain, which is involved in protein-protein interactions and regulation of gene expression. However, there is no systematic reports on the BTB gene family in G.max. RESULTS In total, 122 soybean BTB genes were identified, which were classified into four groups based on the phylogenetic analysis. Gene structures analysis indicated that the number of exon-intron in GmBTBs ranges from 0 to18. Cis-element analysis revealed that most GmBTB genes contained cis-elements related to an abiotic stress response. In addition, qRT-PCR analyses indicated that most GmBTBs are significantly up-regulated under salinity, drought, and nitrate stresses. They suggested their potential for targeted improvement of soybean response to multiple abiotic stresses and nitrate availability. CONCLUSION These results provide valuable information for identifying the members of the GmBTB gene family in soybean and could provide a functional characterization of GmBTB genes in further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hind Abdelmonim Elsanosi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, 11115, Sudan
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Salma Mostafa
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiaoyan Geng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Guisheng Zhou
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Atef Hemaida Mohammed Awdelseid
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, 11115, Sudan
| | - Li Song
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chien YC, Yoon GM. Subcellular dynamics of ethylene signaling drive plant plasticity to growth and stress: Spatiotemporal control of ethylene signaling in Arabidopsis. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2400043. [PMID: 38571390 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Volatile compounds, such as nitric oxide and ethylene gas, play a vital role as signaling molecules in organisms. Ethylene is a plant hormone that regulates a wide range of plant growth, development, and responses to stress and is perceived by a family of ethylene receptors that localize in the endoplasmic reticulum. Constitutive Triple Response 1 (CTR1), a Raf-like protein kinase and a key negative regulator for ethylene responses, tethers to the ethylene receptors, but undergoes nuclear translocation upon activation of ethylene signaling. This ER-to-nucleus trafficking transforms CTR1 into a positive regulator for ethylene responses, significantly enhancing stress resilience to drought and salinity. The nuclear trafficking of CTR1 demonstrates that the spatiotemporal control of ethylene signaling is essential for stress adaptation. Understanding the mechanisms governing the spatiotemporal control of ethylene signaling elements is crucial for unraveling the system-level regulatory mechanisms that collectively fine-tune ethylene responses to optimize plant growth, development, and stress adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chi Chien
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Gyeong Mee Yoon
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liang Z, Xi N, Liu T, Li M, Sang M, Zou C, Chen Z, Yuan G, Pan G, Ma L, Shen Y. A combination of QTL mapping and genome-wide association study revealed the key gene for husk number in maize. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:112. [PMID: 38662228 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04617-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Two key genes Zm00001d021232 and Zm00001d048138 were identified by QTL mapping and GWAS. Additionally, they were verified to be significantly associated with maize husk number (HN) using gene-based association study. As a by-product of maize production, maize husk is an important industrial raw material. Husk layer number (HN) is an important trait that affects the yield of maize husk. However, the genetic mechanism underlying HN remains unclear. Herein, a total of 13 quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling HN were identified in an IBM Syn 10 DH population across different locations. Among these, three QTL were individually repeatedly detected in at least two environments. Meanwhile, 26 unique single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected to be significantly (p < 2.15 × 10-6) associated with HN in an association pool. Of these SNPs, three were simultaneously detected across multiple environments or environments and best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP). We focused on these environment-stable and population-common genetic loci for excavating the candidate genes responsible for maize HN. Finally, 173 initial candidate genes were identified, of which 22 were involved in both multicellular organism development and single-multicellular organism process and thus confirmed as the candidate genes for HN. Gene-based association analyses revealed that the variants in four genes were significantly (p < 0.01/N) correlated with HN, of which Zm00001d021232 and Zm00001d048138 were highly expressed in husks and early developing ears among different maize tissues. Our study contributes to the understanding of genetic and molecular mechanisms of maize husk yield and industrial development in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Na Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Minglin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Mengxiang Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chaoying Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Guangsheng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Guangtang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Langlang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yaou Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chien YC, Reyes A, Park HL, Xu SL, Yoon GM. Uncovering the proximal proteome of CTR1 through TurboID-mediated proximity labeling. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2300212. [PMID: 37876141 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions play a crucial role in driving cellular processes and enabling appropriate physiological responses in organisms. The plant hormone ethylene signaling pathway is complex and regulated by the spatiotemporal regulation of its signaling molecules. Constitutive Triple Response 1 (CTR1), a key negative regulator of the pathway, regulates the function of Ethylene-Insensitive 2 (EIN2), a positive regulator of ethylene signaling, at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through phosphorylation. Our recent study revealed that CTR1 can also translocate from the ER to the nucleus in response to ethylene and positively regulate ethylene responses by stabilizing EIN3. To gain further insights into the role of CTR1 in plants, we used TurboID-based proximity labeling and mass spectrometry to identify the proximal proteomes of CTR1 in Nicotiana benthamiana. The identified proximal proteins include known ethylene signaling components, as well as proteins involved in diverse cellular processes such as mitochondrial respiration, mRNA metabolism, and organelle biogenesis. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of proximity labeling using the N. benthamiana transient expression system and identifies the potential interactors of CTR1 in vivo, uncovering the potential roles of CTR1 in a wide range of cellular processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chi Chien
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- The Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Andres Reyes
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Carnegie Mass Spectrometry Facility, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Hye Lin Park
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- The Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Shou-Ling Xu
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Carnegie Mass Spectrometry Facility, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Gyeong Mee Yoon
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- The Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tseng TS, Chen CA, Lo MH. PHOTOTROPIN1 lysine 526 functions to enhance phototropism in Arabidopsis. PLANTA 2024; 259:56. [PMID: 38305934 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04332-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION After blue-light exposure, ubiquitination of PHOTOTROPIN1 lysine 526 enhances phototropic responses. Arabidopsis blue-light photoreceptor, PHOTOTROPIN1 (PHOT1) mediates a series of blue-light responses that function to optimize photosynthesis efficiency. Blue-light sensing through the N-terminal sensory domain activates the C-terminal kinase activity of PHOT1, resulting in autophosphorylation. In addition to phosphorylation, PHOT1 lysine residue 526 (Lys526), after blue-light exposure, was found to carry a double glycine attachment, indicative of a possible ubiquitination modification. The functionality of PHOT1 Lys526 was investigated by reverse genetic approaches. Arginine replacements of PHOT1 Lys526, together with Lys527, complemented phot1-5 phot2-1 double mutant with attenuated phototropic bending, while blue-light responses: leaf expansion and stomatal opening, were restored to wild type levels. Transgenic seedlings were not different in protein levels of phot1 Lys526 527Arg than the wild type control, suggesting the reduced phototropic responses was not caused by reduction in protein levels. Treating the transformants with proteosome inhibitor, MG132, did not restore phototropic sensitivity. Both transgenic protein and wild type PHOT1 also had similar dark recovery of kinase activity, suggesting that phot1 Lys526 527Arg replacement did not affect the protein stability to cause the phenotype. Together, our results indicate that blocking Lys526 ubiquitination by arginine substitution may have caused the reduced phototropic phenotype. Therefore, the putative ubiquitination on Lys526 functions to enhance PHOT1-mediated phototropism, rather than targeting PHOT1 for proteolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Seung Tseng
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Chiayi University, 300 Syuefu Road, Chiayi, 600, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-An Chen
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Chiayi University, 300 Syuefu Road, Chiayi, 600, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hung Lo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Chiayi University, 300 Syuefu Road, Chiayi, 600, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang Y, He Y, Zhao H, Wang Y, Wu C, Zhao Y, Xue H, Zhu Q, Zhang J, Ou X. The 14-3-3 Protein BdGF14a Increases the Transcriptional Regulation Activity of BdbZIP62 to Confer Drought and Salt Resistance in Tobacco. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:245. [PMID: 38256798 PMCID: PMC10819667 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BdGF14a, a 14-3-3 gene from Brachypodium distachyon, induced by salt, H2O2, and abscisic acid (ABA), improved tolerance to drought and salt in tobacco, with a higher survival rate and longer roots under these stresses. Additionally, physiological index analyses showed that the heterologous expression of BdGF14a induced higher expression levels of antioxidant enzymes and their activities, leading to lighter DAB and NBT staining, denoting decreased H2O2 content. Additionally, the lower MDA content and ion leakage indicated enhanced cell membrane stability. Moreover, exogenous ABA resulted in shorter roots and a lower stomatal aperture in BdGF14a transgenic plants. BdGF14a interacted with NtABF2 and regulated the expression of stress-related genes. However, adding an ABA biosynthesis inhibitor suppressed most of these changes. Furthermore, similar salt and drought resistance phenotypes and physiological indicators were characterized in tobacco plants expressing BdbZIP62, an ABRE/ABF that interacts with BdGF14a. And Y1H and LUC assays showed that BdGF14a could enhance the transcription regulation activity of NtABF2 and BdbZIP62, targeting NtNECD1 by binding to the ABRE cis-element. Thus, BdGF14a confers resistance to drought and salinity through interaction with BdbZIP62 and enhances its transcriptional regulation activity via an ABA-mediated signaling pathway. Therefore, this work offers novel target genes for breeding salt- and drought-tolerant plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Xinxiang 453003, China; (Y.Z.); (H.X.); (Q.Z.)
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Yuan He
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Yan Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Chunlai Wu
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (Y.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Yuanzeng Zhao
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, China;
| | - Hongna Xue
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Xinxiang 453003, China; (Y.Z.); (H.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qidi Zhu
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Xinxiang 453003, China; (Y.Z.); (H.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Xinxiang 453003, China; (Y.Z.); (H.X.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Xingqi Ou
- Henan Institute of Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Xinxiang 453003, China; (Y.Z.); (H.X.); (Q.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Y, Sun X, Aphalo PJ, Zhang Y, Cheng R, Li T. Ultraviolet-A1 radiation induced a more favorable light-intercepting leaf-area display than blue light and promoted plant growth. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:197-212. [PMID: 37743709 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Plants adjust their morphology in response to light environment by sensing an array of light cues. Though the wavelengths of ultraviolet-A1 radiation (UV-A1, 350-400 nm) are close to blue light (B, 400-500 nm) and share same flavoprotein photoreceptors, it remains poorly understood how plant responses to UV-A1 radiation could differ from those to B. We initially grown tomato plants under monochromatic red light (R, 660 nm) as control, subsequently transferred them to four dichromatic light treatments containing ~20 µmol m-2 s-1 of UV-A1 radiation, peaking at 370 nm (UV-A370 ) or 400 nm (V400 ), or B (450 nm, at ~20 or 1.5 µmol m-2 s-1 ), with same total photon irradiance (~200 μmol m-2 s-1 ). We show that UV-A370 radiation was the most effective in inducing light-intercepting leaf-area display formation, resulting in larger leaf area and more shoot biomass, while it triggered weaker and later transcriptome-wide responses than B. Mechanistically, UV-A370 -promoted leaf-area display response was apparent in less than 12 h and appeared as very weakly related to transcriptome level regulation, which likely depended on the auxin transportation and cell wall acidification. This study revealed wavelength-specific responses within UV-A/blue region challenging usual assumptions that the role of UV-A1 radiation function similarly as blue light in mediating plant processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yating Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuguang Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pedro J Aphalo
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Viikki Plant Science Centre, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifeng Cheng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wadhwa N, Kapoor S, Kapoor M. Arabidopsis T-DNA mutants affected in TRDMT1/DNMT2 show differential protein synthesis and compromised stress tolerance. FEBS J 2024; 291:92-113. [PMID: 37584564 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
TRDMT1/DNMT2 belongs to the conserved family of nucleic acid methyltransferases. Unlike the animal systems, studies on TRDMT1/DNMT2 in land plants have been limited. We show that TRDMT1/DNMT2 is strongly conserved in the green lineage. Studies in mosses have previously shown that TRDMT1/DNMT2 plays a crucial role in modulating molecular networks involved in stress perception and signalling and in transcription/stability of specific tRNAs under stress. To gain deeper insight into its biological roles in a flowering plant, we examined more closely the previously reported Arabidopsis SALK_136635C line deficient in TRDMT1/DNMT2 function [Goll MG et al. (2006) Science 311, 395-398]. RNAs derived from Arabidopsis Dnmt2-deficient plants lacked m5 C38 in tRNAAsp . In this study, by transient expression assays we show that Arabidopsis TRDMT1/DNMT2 is distributed in the nucleus, cytoplasm and RNA-processing bodies, suggesting a role for TRDMT1/DNMT2 in RNA metabolic processes possibly by shuttling between cellular compartments. Bright-field and high-resolution SEM and qPCR analysis reveal roles of TRDMT1/DNMT2 in proper growth and developmental progression. Quantitative proteome analysis by LC-MS/MS coupled with qPCR shows AtTRDMT1/AtDNMT2 function to be crucial for protein synthesis and cellular homeostasis via housekeeping roles and proteins with poly-Asp stretches and RNA pol II activity on selected genes are affected in attrdmt1/atdnmt2. This shift in metabolic pathways primes the mutant plants to become increasingly sensitive to oxidative and osmotic stress. Taken together, our study sheds light on the mechanistic role of TRDMT1/DNMT2 in a flowering plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Wadhwa
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Kapoor
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi, India
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics and Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Meenu Kapoor
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Legris M. Light and temperature regulation of leaf morphogenesis in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:2191-2196. [PMID: 37715490 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Leaves are the main photosynthetic organs in plants, and their anatomy is optimized for light interception and gas exchange. Although each species has a characteristic leaf anatomy, which depends on the genotype, leaves also show a large degree of developmental plasticity. Light and temperature regulate leaf development from primordia differentiation to late stages of blade expansion. While the molecular mechanisms of light and temperature signaling have been mostly studied in seedlings, in the latest years, research has focused on leaf development. Here, I will describe the latest work carried out in the environmental regulation of Arabidopsis leaf development, comparing signaling mechanisms between leaves and seedlings, highlighting the new discoveries, and pointing out the most exciting open questions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Legris
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Genopode Building, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nawkar GM, Legris M, Goyal A, Schmid-Siegert E, Fleury J, Mucciolo A, De Bellis D, Trevisan M, Schueler A, Fankhauser C. Air channels create a directional light signal to regulate hypocotyl phototropism. Science 2023; 382:935-940. [PMID: 37995216 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh9384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
In plants, light direction is perceived by the phototropin photoreceptors, which trigger directional growth responses known as phototropism. The formation of a phototropin activation gradient across a photosensitive organ initiates this response. However, the optical tissue properties that functionally contribute to phototropism remain unclear. In this work, we show that intercellular air channels limit light transmittance through various organs in several species. Air channels enhance light scattering in Arabidopsis hypocotyls, thereby steepening the light gradient. This is required for an efficient phototropic response in Arabidopsis and Brassica. We identified an embryonically expressed ABC transporter required for the presence of air channels in seedlings and a structure surrounding them. Our work provides insights into intercellular air space development or maintenance and identifies a mechanism of directional light sensing in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh M Nawkar
- Centre for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Génopode Building, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martina Legris
- Centre for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Génopode Building, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anupama Goyal
- Centre for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Génopode Building, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Emanuel Schmid-Siegert
- SIB, Swiss Institute for Bioinformatics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérémy Fleury
- EPFL Renewable Energies Cluster ENAC, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Mucciolo
- Electron Microscopy Facility, EMF, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Damien De Bellis
- Electron Microscopy Facility, EMF, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Biophore Building, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Biophore Building University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martine Trevisan
- Centre for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Génopode Building, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Schueler
- EPFL Renewable Energies Cluster ENAC, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian Fankhauser
- Centre for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Génopode Building, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kanojia A, Bhola D, Mudgil Y. Light signaling as cellular integrator of multiple environmental cues in plants. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1485-1503. [PMID: 38076763 PMCID: PMC10709290 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01364-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants being sessile need to rapidly adapt to the constantly changing environment through modifications in their internal clock, metabolism, and gene expression. They have evolved an intricate system to perceive and transfer the signals from the primary environmental factors namely light, temperature and water to regulate their growth development and survival. Over past few decades rigorous research using molecular genetics approaches, especially in model plant Arabidopsis, has resulted in substantial progress in discovering various photoreceptor systems and light signaling components. In parallel several molecular pathways operating in response to other environmental cues have also been elucidated. Interestingly, the studies have shown that expression profiles of genes involved in photomorphogenesis can undergo modulation in response to other cues from the environment. Recently, the photoreceptor, PHYB, has been shown to function as a thermosensor. Downstream components of light signaling pathway like COP1 and PIF have also emerged as integrating hubs for various kinds of signals. All these findings indicate that light signaling components may act as central integrator of various environmental cues to regulate plant growth and development processes. In this review, we present a perspective on cross talk of signaling mechanisms induced in response to myriad array of signals and their integration with the light signaling components. By putting light signals on the central stage, we propose the possibilities of enhancing plant resilience to the changing environment by fine-tuning the genetic manipulation of its signaling components in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kanojia
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Diksha Bhola
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Yashwanti Mudgil
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007 India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Waksman T, Suetsugu N, Hermanowicz P, Ronald J, Sullivan S, Łabuz J, Christie JM. Phototropin phosphorylation of ROOT PHOTOTROPISM 2 and its role in mediating phototropism, leaf positioning, and chloroplast accumulation movement in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 114:390-402. [PMID: 36794876 PMCID: PMC10953443 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Directional movements impact the ability of plants to respond and adjust their growth accordingly to the prevailing light environment. The plasma-membrane associated protein, ROOT PHOTOTROPISM 2 (RPT2) is a key signalling component involved in chloroplast accumulation movement, leaf positioning, and phototropism, all of which are regulated redundantly by the ultraviolet/blue light-activated AGC kinases phototropin 1 and 2 (phot1 and phot2). We recently demonstrated that members of the NON-PHOTOTROPIC HYPOCOTYL 3 (NPH3)/RPT2-like (NRL) family in Arabidopsis thaliana, including RPT2, are directly phosphorylated by phot1. However, whether RPT2 is a substrate for phot2, and the biological significance of phot phosphorylation of RPT2 remains to be determined. Here, we show that RPT2 is phosphorylated by both phot1 and phot2 at a conserved serine residue (S591) within the C-terminal region of the protein. Blue light triggered the association of 14-3-3 proteins with RPT2 consistent with S591 acting as a 14-3-3 binding site. Mutation of S591 had no effect on the plasma membrane localization of RPT2 but reduced its functionality for leaf positioning and phototropism. Moreover, our findings indicate that S591 phosphorylation within the C-terminus of RPT2 is required for chloroplast accumulation movement to low level blue light. Taken together, these findings further highlight the importance of the C-terminal region of NRL proteins and how its phosphorylation contributes to phot receptor signalling in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Waksman
- School of Molecular BiosciencesCollege of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of GlasgowBower BuildingGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Noriyuki Suetsugu
- School of Molecular BiosciencesCollege of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of GlasgowBower BuildingGlasgowG12 8QQUK
- Graduate School of Arts and SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyo153‐8902Japan
| | - Pawel Hermanowicz
- Malopolska Centre of BiotechnologyJagiellonian UniversityGronostajowa 7A30‐387KrakówPoland
| | - James Ronald
- School of Molecular BiosciencesCollege of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of GlasgowBower BuildingGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Stuart Sullivan
- School of Molecular BiosciencesCollege of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of GlasgowBower BuildingGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Justyna Łabuz
- Malopolska Centre of BiotechnologyJagiellonian UniversityGronostajowa 7A30‐387KrakówPoland
| | - John M. Christie
- School of Molecular BiosciencesCollege of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of GlasgowBower BuildingGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Breen S, McLellan H, Birch PRJ, Gilroy EM. Tuning the Wavelength: Manipulation of Light Signaling to Control Plant Defense. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043803. [PMID: 36835216 PMCID: PMC9958957 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth-defense trade-off in plants is a phenomenon whereby plants must balance the allocation of their resources between developmental growth and defense against attack by pests and pathogens. Consequently, there are a series of points where growth signaling can negatively regulate defenses and where defense signaling can inhibit growth. Light perception by various photoreceptors has a major role in the control of growth and thus many points where it can influence defense. Plant pathogens secrete effector proteins to manipulate defense signaling in their hosts. Evidence is emerging that some of these effectors target light signaling pathways. Several effectors from different kingdoms of life have converged on key chloroplast processes to take advantage of regulatory crosstalk. Moreover, plant pathogens also perceive and react to light in complex ways to regulate their own growth, development, and virulence. Recent work has shown that varying light wavelengths may provide a novel way of controlling or preventing disease outbreaks in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Breen
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Dundee, At James Hutton Institute, Errol Road, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Hazel McLellan
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Dundee, At James Hutton Institute, Errol Road, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Paul R. J. Birch
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Dundee, At James Hutton Institute, Errol Road, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Errol Road, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Eleanor M. Gilroy
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Errol Road, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-1382568827
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xin GY, Li LP, Wang PT, Li XY, Han YJ, Zhao X. The action of enhancing weak light capture via phototropic growth and chloroplast movement in plants. STRESS BIOLOGY 2022; 2:50. [PMID: 37676522 PMCID: PMC10441985 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-022-00066-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
To cope with fluctuating light conditions, terrestrial plants have evolved precise regulation mechanisms to help optimize light capture and increase photosynthetic efficiency. Upon blue light-triggered autophosphorylation, activated phototropin (PHOT1 and PHOT2) photoreceptors function solely or redundantly to regulate diverse responses, including phototropism, chloroplast movement, stomatal opening, and leaf positioning and flattening in plants. These responses enhance light capture under low-light conditions and avoid photodamage under high-light conditions. NON-PHOTOTROPIC HYPOCOTYL 3 (NPH3) and ROOT PHOTOTROPISM 2 (RPT2) are signal transducers that function in the PHOT1- and PHOT2-mediated response. NPH3 is required for phototropism, leaf expansion and positioning. RPT2 regulates chloroplast accumulation as well as NPH3-mediated responses. NRL PROTEIN FOR CHLOROPLAST MOVEMENT 1 (NCH1) was recently identified as a PHOT1-interacting protein that functions redundantly with RPT2 to mediate chloroplast accumulation. The PHYTOCHROME KINASE SUBSTRATE (PKS) proteins (PKS1, PKS2, and PKS4) interact with PHOT1 and NPH3 and mediate hypocotyl phototropic bending. This review summarizes advances in phototropic growth and chloroplast movement induced by light. We also focus on how crosstalk in signaling between phototropism and chloroplast movement enhances weak light capture, providing a basis for future studies aiming to delineate the mechanism of light-trapping plants to improve light-use efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yuan Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lu-Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Peng-Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xin-Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yuan-Ji Han
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Łabuz J, Sztatelman O, Hermanowicz P. Molecular insights into the phototropin control of chloroplast movements. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:6034-6051. [PMID: 35781490 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplast movements are controlled by ultraviolet/blue light through phototropins. In Arabidopsis thaliana, chloroplast accumulation at low light intensities and chloroplast avoidance at high light intensities are observed. These responses are controlled by two homologous photoreceptors, the phototropins phot1 and phot2. Whereas chloroplast accumulation is triggered by both phototropins in a partially redundant manner, sustained chloroplast avoidance is elicited only by phot2. Phot1 is able to trigger only a small, transient chloroplast avoidance, followed by the accumulation phase. The source of this functional difference is not fully understood at either the photoreceptor or the signalling pathway levels. In this article, we review current understanding of phototropin functioning and try to dissect the differences that result in signalling to elicit two distinct chloroplast responses. First, we focus on phototropin structure and photochemical and biochemical activity. Next, we analyse phototropin expression and localization patterns. We also summarize known photoreceptor systems controlling chloroplast movements. Finally, we focus on the role of environmental stimuli in controlling phototropin activity. All these aspects impact the signalling to trigger chloroplast movements and raise outstanding questions about the mechanism involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Łabuz
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa, Kraków, Poland
| | - Olga Sztatelman
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Paweł Hermanowicz
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa, Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
An G, Qi Y, Zhang W, Gao H, Qian J, Larkin RM, Chen J, Kuang H. LsNRL4 enhances photosynthesis and decreases leaf angles in lettuce. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:1956-1967. [PMID: 35748307 PMCID: PMC9491448 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is one of the most important vegetables worldwide and an ideal plant for producing protein drugs. Both well-functioning chloroplasts that perform robust photosynthesis and small leaf angles that enable dense planting are essential for high yields. In this study, we used an F2 population derived from a cross between a lettuce cultivar with pale-green leaves and large leaf angles to a cultivar with dark-green leaves and small leaf angles to clone LsNRL4, which encodes an NPH3/RPT2-Like (NRL) protein. Unlike other NRL proteins in lettuce, the LsNRL4 lacks the BTB domain. Knockout mutants engineered using CRISPR/Cas9 and transgenic lines overexpressing LsNRL4 verified that LsNRL4 contributes to chloroplast development, photosynthesis and leaf angle. The LsNRL4 gene was not present in the parent with pale-green leaves and enlarged leaf angles. Loss of LsNRL4 results in the enlargement of chloroplasts, decreases in the amount of cellular space allocated to chloroplasts and defects in secondary cell wall biosynthesis in lamina joints. Overexpressing LsNRL4 significantly improved photosynthesis and decreased leaf angles. Indeed, the plant architecture of the overexpressing lines is ideal for dense planting. In summary, we identified a novel NRL gene that enhances photosynthesis and influences plant architecture. Our study provides new approaches for the breeding of lettuce that can be grown in dense planting in the open field or in modern plant factories. LsNRL4 homologues may also be used in other crops to increase photosynthesis and improve plant architecture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui An
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yetong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Weiyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hairong Gao
- Biomass & Bioenergy Research CentreHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jinlong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Robert M. Larkin
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jiongjiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hanhui Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology & Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Naqvi S, He Q, Trusch F, Qiu H, Pham J, Sun Q, Christie JM, Gilroy EM, Birch PRJ. Blue-light receptor phototropin 1 suppresses immunity to promote Phytophthora infestans infection. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:2282-2293. [PMID: 34923631 PMCID: PMC9255860 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Blue-light (BL) phototropin receptors (phot1 and phot2) regulate plant growth by activating NPH3/RPT2-like (NRL) family members. Little is known about roles for BL and phots in regulating plant immunity. We showed previously that Phytophthora infestans RXLR effector Pi02860 targets potato (St)NRL1, promoting its ability to enhance susceptibility by facilitating proteasome-mediated degradation of the immune regulator StSWAP70. This raises the question: do BL and phots negatively regulate immunity? We employed coimmunoprecipitation, virus-induced gene silencing, transient overexpression and targeted mutation to investigate contributions of phots to regulating immunity. Whereas transient overexpression of Stphot1 and Stphot2 enhances P. infestans colonization of Nicotiana benthamiana, silencing endogenous Nbphot1 or Nbphot2 reduces infection. Stphot1, but not Stphot2, suppressed the INF1-triggered cell death (ICD) immune response in a BL- and NRL1-dependent manner. Stphot1, when coexpressed with StNRL1, promotes degradation of StSWAP70, whereas Stphot2 does not. Kinase-dead Stphot1 fails to suppress ICD, enhance P. infestans colonization or promote StSWAP70 degradation. Critically, BL enhances P. infestans infection, which probably involves phots but not other BL receptors such as cryptochromes and F-box proteins ZTL1 and FKF1. We demonstrate that Stphot1 and Stphot2 play different roles in promoting susceptibility, and Stphot1 kinase activity is required for BL- and StNRL1-mediated immune suppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaista Naqvi
- Division of Plant SciencesJames Hutton InstituteUniversity of Dundee School of Life SciencesErrol RdInvergowrie, DundeeDD2 5DAUK
| | - Qin He
- Division of Plant SciencesJames Hutton InstituteUniversity of Dundee School of Life SciencesErrol RdInvergowrie, DundeeDD2 5DAUK
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU)Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei430070China
| | - Franziska Trusch
- Division of Plant SciencesJames Hutton InstituteUniversity of Dundee School of Life SciencesErrol RdInvergowrie, DundeeDD2 5DAUK
| | - Huishan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU)Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei430070China
| | - Jasmine Pham
- Division of Plant SciencesJames Hutton InstituteUniversity of Dundee School of Life SciencesErrol RdInvergowrie, DundeeDD2 5DAUK
| | - Qingguo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU)Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei430070China
| | - John M. Christie
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems BiologyCollege of Medical, Veterinary, and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Eleanor M. Gilroy
- Cell and Molecular ScienceJames Hutton InstituteInvergowrie, DundeeDD2 5DAUK
| | - Paul R. J. Birch
- Division of Plant SciencesJames Hutton InstituteUniversity of Dundee School of Life SciencesErrol RdInvergowrie, DundeeDD2 5DAUK
- Cell and Molecular ScienceJames Hutton InstituteInvergowrie, DundeeDD2 5DAUK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Legris M, Szarzynska-Erden BM, Trevisan M, Allenbach Petrolati L, Fankhauser C. Phototropin-mediated perception of light direction in leaves regulates blade flattening. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:1235-1249. [PMID: 34618121 PMCID: PMC8567070 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
One conserved feature among angiosperms is the development of flat thin leaves. This developmental pattern optimizes light capture and gas exchange. The blue light (BL) receptors phototropins are required for leaf flattening, with the null phot1phot2 mutant showing curled leaves in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, key aspects of their function in leaf development remain unknown. Here, we performed a detailed spatiotemporal characterization of phototropin function in Arabidopsis leaves. We found that phototropins perceive light direction in the blade, and, similar to their role in hypocotyls, they control the spatial pattern of auxin signaling, possibly modulating auxin transport, to ultimately regulate cell expansion. Phototropin signaling components in the leaf partially differ from hypocotyls. Moreover, the light response on the upper and lower sides of the leaf blade suggests a partially distinct requirement of phototropin signaling components on each side. In particular, NON PHOTOTROPIC HYPOCOTYL 3 showed an adaxial-specific function. In addition, we show a prominent role of PHYTOCHROME KINASE SUBSTRATE 3 in leaf flattening. Among auxin transporters, PIN-FORMED 3,4,7 and AUXIN RESISTANT 1 (AUX1)/LIKE AUXIN RESISTANT 1 (LAX1) are required for the response while ABCB19 has a regulatory role. Overall, our results show that directional BL perception by phototropins is a key aspect of leaf development, integrating endogenous and exogenous signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Legris
- Centre for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bogna Maria Szarzynska-Erden
- Centre for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martine Trevisan
- Centre for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laure Allenbach Petrolati
- Centre for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian Fankhauser
- Centre for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|